WO2019007337A1 - 频率器件补偿方法、装置、系统及计算机可读存储介质 - Google Patents

频率器件补偿方法、装置、系统及计算机可读存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019007337A1
WO2019007337A1 PCT/CN2018/094320 CN2018094320W WO2019007337A1 WO 2019007337 A1 WO2019007337 A1 WO 2019007337A1 CN 2018094320 W CN2018094320 W CN 2018094320W WO 2019007337 A1 WO2019007337 A1 WO 2019007337A1
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Prior art keywords
variable
frequency
predictor
unit
compensation
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PCT/CN2018/094320
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
穆海明
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority to EP18828996.1A priority Critical patent/EP3633856A4/en
Publication of WO2019007337A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019007337A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
    • H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
    • H03L7/093—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal using special filtering or amplification characteristics in the loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
    • H03B5/30—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator
    • H03B5/32—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator being a piezoelectric resonator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
    • H03B5/02—Details
    • H03B5/04—Modifications of generator to compensate for variations in physical values, e.g. power supply, load, temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L1/00—Stabilisation of generator output against variations of physical values, e.g. power supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
    • H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
    • H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
    • H03L7/087—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal using at least two phase detectors or a frequency and phase detector in the loop

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a frequency device compensation method, apparatus, system, and computer readable storage medium.
  • a frequency device compensation method comprising the steps of: acquiring a clock signal output by a frequency compensation sensor as a first predictor; acquiring a variable related to frequency fluctuation of a predictor variable sensor output, as a Two predictive variables; the frequency device is compensated according to the first predictor variable and the second predictor variable.
  • a frequency device compensation apparatus comprising: a frequency compensation sensor, a predictive variable sensor, and a compensation module, wherein the frequency compensation sensor is configured to output a clock signal as a first predictor, and Transmitting the first predictor variable to a compensation module; the predictor variable sensor is configured to acquire a variable related to frequency fluctuation as a second predictor, and send the first predictor variable to a compensation module; the compensation module is set to The frequency device is compensated according to the first predictor variable and the second predictor variable.
  • a frequency device compensation system comprising a memory, a processor, and at least one application stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the application It is configured to perform the frequency device compensation method described above.
  • a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the frequency device compensation method described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a frequency device compensation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation principle of a frequency device compensation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a frequency device compensation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of another frequency device compensation method provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is an exemplary structural diagram of a system for implementing frequency device compensation, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is an exemplary structural diagram of another system for implementing frequency device compensation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is an exemplary structural diagram of a system for implementing frequency device compensation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an exemplary structure of an apparatus for implementing frequency device compensation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Frequency devices such as crystal oscillators (XO: Crystal Oscilatore) are generally sensitive to temperature. After a period of operation, the frequency device will have a frequency offset, which is often referred to as aging. In some cases, temperature data and time data are used as predictors to compensate for frequency fluctuations (compensated aging) of the frequency device, wherein the resolution and correlation of the predictor have a significant impact on the compensation effect.
  • XO Crystal Oscilatore
  • the effect of the compensation is poor mainly for the following two reasons: (1) when the temperature sensor is used to measure temperature data (as a predictor), the temperature resolution of the temperature sensor is not high but the cost is high; for example Currently, the high-precision temperature sensor on the market has a resolution of only 0.01 degrees, but its price is about 3 dollars; (2) temperature data or time data cannot compensate for frequency fluctuations caused by other environmental factors; for example, temperature data (as a prediction) Variables) cannot compensate for frequency fluctuations such as operating power fluctuations or vibrations, shocks, etc.
  • a frequency device compensation method is provided. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes the following steps S10-S30.
  • the clock signal output by the frequency compensation sensor is acquired as the first predictor variable.
  • the variable related to the frequency fluctuation outputted by the predictor variable sensor is acquired as the second predictor variable.
  • the frequency device is compensated based on the first predictor variable and the second predictor variable.
  • the predictor variable is a variable related to the frequency fluctuation of the frequency device, and the selection of the predictor variable and the accuracy of the predictor variable directly affect the compensation effect of the frequency device.
  • the frequency device is generally sensitive to temperature, and the resolution of the temperature sensor in the prior art is not high
  • the temperature-sensitive frequency device is used as the frequency compensation sensor in the embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the clock signal outputted by the clock is used as the first prediction.
  • the frequency compensation sensor may be a clock source such as a crystal oscillator series device, an atomic clock series, a MEMS oscillator (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System), a piezoelectric ceramic oscillator, and a voltage controlled oscillator series.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure also consider other variables associated with frequency fluctuations that cannot be compensated for by temperature or time data, but which also affect the stability of the frequency device.
  • these variables related to frequency fluctuation but not related to temperature are used as the second predictor, which mainly includes voltage, current, power consumption, load fluctuation, radiation, shock, vibration, acceleration, speed, and fan. Speed, wind speed, air pressure and humidity.
  • the accuracy and stability of the frequency compensation are improved by using a frequency sensor instead of the temperature sensor and increasing the predictor associated with the frequency fluctuation.
  • the step S10 further includes the steps of: acquiring a clock signal output by the frequency compensation sensor; and converting the clock signal into a digital signal by using a time digitizer TDC, and using the digital signal as a first Predictor.
  • the frequency device compensation device includes a frequency compensation sensor 10, a predictive variable sensor 20, and a compensation module 30.
  • the frequency compensation sensor 10 can be any temperature sensitive frequency device that outputs a clock signal 25 to a TDC/PD 22 (Time-to-Digital Converter, Phase Detector, Phase Detector).
  • the TDC/PD 22 may be composed of a single device, a functional module of a phase-locked loop chip, or a module implemented by a logic device. While receiving the clock signal 25, the TDC/PD 22 also receives (to be compensated) the clock signal 39 from the frequency device 37 as a reference clock.
  • the clock signal 25 is converted to a digital signal as a predictor, which may be a phase-detection value, or may be a frequency offset value, a frequency value. Subsequently, the TDC/PD 22 transmits the converted digital signal to the predictive variable unit 33 via the communication interface 26.
  • a predictor which may be a phase-detection value, or may be a frequency offset value, a frequency value.
  • the predictive variable sensor 20 is a sensor that senses all other factors related to fluctuations in the output frequency of the frequency device 37 in addition to the factors sensed by the frequency compensating sensor 10, or other devices capable of achieving similar functions and capable of generating digital variables. After the predictive variable sensor 20 acquires the analog signal, it is amplified and shaped to produce a signal 27. The signal 27 is converted to a digital signal by an ADC 24 (Analog-to-Digital Converter) and then transmitted to the predictive variable unit 33 via the communication interface 28.
  • ADC 24 Analog-to-Digital Converter
  • predictive variable sensor 20 and ADC 24 are integrated and operate as one device, for example, as a digital accelerometer. In practical applications, there may be more than one predictor sensor 20, for example, two predictor sensors that may be used to detect the supply voltage and current, respectively.
  • Communication interfaces 26 and 28 may be IIC interfaces, SPI interfaces, uart interfaces, usb interfaces, and the like. Since the time data 31 is indispensable for aging compensation, the present disclosure retains the time data 31. The time data 31 may be generated by the frequency device 37 to be compensated or may be generated by a time base of the CPU/MCU.
  • the frequency compensation sensor 10 needs to be placed close to the frequency device 37, and in one embodiment, a better effect can be produced when the frequency compensation sensor 10 is placed inside the frequency device 37.
  • the new frequency device outputs 2 clock frequencies when the frequency compensation sensor 10 and the frequency device 37 are integrated and packaged into a new frequency device.
  • a better compensation effect is obtained because power supply fluctuations are manifested on the two frequency devices.
  • the prediction model can be trained in the presence of a reference clock. After training, the prediction model generates a set of parameters, and the function of the parameters is to convert the real-time collected predictive variables into compensation variables, that is, the adjustment amount of the frequency adjustment unit when performing compensation. It should be noted that the training of the predictive model must be carried out under the condition that the reference clock exists, and the trained predictive model will be compensated only if the reference clock is lost or seriously deteriorated (untrained The predictive model cannot be used for compensation).
  • the method further includes the following steps S301-S304.
  • the frequency device transmits a clock signal to the digital frequency synthesizing unit, and then transmits the clock signal to the phase discriminating unit via the frequency divider to perform phase discrimination using the reference clock.
  • phase discrimination result is sent to the phase locked loop algorithm unit for filtering, and the filtered result is sent to the frequency adjustment unit as an adjustment variable.
  • the first predictor variable and the second predictor variable are transmitted to the predictive model unit.
  • the prediction model unit receives the adjustment variable sent by the frequency adjustment unit, and performs parameter training on the prediction model according to the first predictor variable, the second predictor variable, and the adjustment variable.
  • step S30 further includes the following step S305.
  • the prediction model unit outputs the compensation variable to the phase-locked loop algorithm unit according to the currently acquired first predictor variable and the second predictor variable, and then compensates the frequency device by the frequency adjusting unit.
  • frequency device 37 outputs a clock signal 39 to digital frequency synthesizing unit 36, which in turn is sent to a phase discriminating unit via a frequency divider.
  • the phase discrimination result is sent to the phase locked loop algorithm unit for filtering.
  • the filtered result is sent to the frequency adjustment unit 35.
  • the frequency adjustment unit 35 may be a DAC circuit, a DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer), or a DCO/NCO (Digitally Controlled Oscillator/Numerically Controlled Oscillator).
  • the frequency adjustment unit 35 sends the filtered result as a variable to be adjusted to the digital frequency synthesizing unit 36 to complete the frequency adjustment, and finally outputs the stable clock signal 40.
  • the frequency device 37 has a function of an adjustable frequency, such as a VC-OCXO (Voltage Controlled-Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillators), it can be integrated with the digital frequency synthesizing unit 36.
  • the predictive variable unit 33 sends the aggregated predictor to the predictive model unit 34, which also receives the adjustment variable sent by the frequency adjustment unit, and according to the first predictor, the second Predict variables and adjustment variables to complete parameter training for the compensation model.
  • the prediction model unit 34 outputs the compensation variable to the phase-locked loop algorithm unit according to the newly acquired variable of the prediction variable unit, and completes the frequency device 37 through the frequency adjustment unit 35. Frequency compensation.
  • the prediction model when the frequency compensation sensor and the frequency device are packaged together, the prediction model may be trained by using the method in FIG. 3, and the prediction model may be trained before the frequency device leaves the factory; The method does not use a phase-locked loop. In the case where the phase locked loop is not used, as shown in FIG. 4, the method further includes the following steps S31-S32.
  • the first predictor variable and the second predictor variable are transmitted to the predictive model unit.
  • the prediction model unit receives the adjustment variable sent from the frequency adjustment unit, and performs parameter training on the prediction model based on the first predictor variable, the second predictor variable, and the adjustment variable.
  • step S30 further includes the following step S33.
  • the prediction model unit outputs the compensation variable based on the currently acquired first predictor variable and the second predictor variable.
  • the frequency adjustment unit adjusts the digital frequency synthesizing unit according to the frequency adjustment amount provided by the prediction model unit and the phase locked loop algorithm unit to output the compensated clock signal to complete the compensation.
  • the frequency adjustment unit can also send the adjustment amount to the prediction model unit to complete the training of the prediction model.
  • the frequency compensation sensor and the predictive variable sensor may be composed in a variety of ways.
  • 5 is an exemplary structural diagram of a system for implementing frequency device compensation, including a power supply circuit 41, an OCXO 42, a digital phase locked loop 43, an MCU/CPU 45, and a reference clock, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. 44.
  • the OCXO42 is a compensated frequency device that integrates a common crystal oscillator XO47, which acts as a frequency compensation sensor.
  • XO 47 outputs a 25M clock signal 49 to provide a predictive variable and sends the clock signal 49 to the TDC module inside the digital phase locked loop.
  • the transmitted voltage signal 48 of the power supply circuit 41 supplies power to the OCXO 42.
  • voltage signals 48 are supplied to the OCXO's internal power transistors, oscillating and thermostat circuits, and power the XO47.
  • the XO47 is placed close to the crystal and power tube so that the XO47 can accurately and quickly detect temperature changes on the crystal. This temperature change is manifested on both the 10 MHz clock signal 50 and the 25 M clock signal 49, i.e., the frequency offset due to temperature variations between the two has a high correlation.
  • the 10 MHz clock signal 50 and the 25M clock signal 49 are sent to the internal TDC module for phase discrimination processing.
  • a 10 MHz signal and a 25 MHz frequency can be divided into 1 Hz signals, and the phase difference between the two 1 Hz signals can be converted into a time signal ⁇ t (ns) by TDC, and ⁇ t can be reciprocated to obtain the relative frequency of the two clocks. Deviation ⁇ f (ppb).
  • the MCU/CPU 45 reads this frequency offset ⁇ f as a predictor variable.
  • the time resolution of the TDC module of the phase-locked loop device can reach 1 ps, so the resolution of the frequency offset ⁇ f can reach 0.001 ppb.
  • the time data for predicting aging may be generated by the operating clock of the MCU/CPU 45 or by the 10 MHz clock signal 50.
  • the digital phase locked loop 43 tracks the reference clock and collects the frequency offset ⁇ f and the time data training prediction model to calculate the parameters of the prediction model.
  • the prediction model is used to predict the frequency offset of the OCXO 42 and the clock 46 is output after the frequency offset is compensated.
  • the frequency compensation sensor XO47 can be replaced by a MEMS oscillator, an LC oscillator, an RC oscillator, etc., as long as the device is sensitive to temperature changes and can output a clock signal.
  • the frequency compensation sensor XO47 may also exist independently of the frequency device OCXO42 to be compensated, for example, it may be placed near the OCXO 42, but in this case, the compensation effect may be lowered.
  • FIG. 6 is an exemplary structural diagram of a system for implementing frequency device compensation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the system includes a power supply circuit 41, a current detecting resistor 51, a MEMS oscillator 52 (Microelectromechanical System), a digital phase locked loop 43, an MCU/CPU 45, a TCXO 34, a current detecting chip 54, a voltage detecting chip 55, and a reference clock. 44.
  • the compensated frequency device is TCXO 53
  • the frequency compensation sensor is a MEMS oscillator 52
  • the TCXO 53 and MEMS oscillator 52 can be placed as close as possible and share power as much as possible, thereby increasing the correlation of the frequency offsets of the output clock signals 56 and 57.
  • the current detecting resistor 51 and the current detecting chip 54 can perform a current detecting function.
  • the current detecting chip 54 internally integrates an ADC circuit to convert the detected current magnitude into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the MCU/CPU 45 via the communication interface as a predictor variable.
  • the voltage detecting chip 55 completes the fluctuation detection of the TCXO 34 operating voltage 48 and sends the digital voltage signal to the MCU/CPU 45 via the communication interface as another predictor variable.
  • the time data generation method and operation procedure for predicting the aging of the TCXO 53 are the same as those of the previously described embodiments, and are not described herein again.
  • the MEMS oscillator 52 may not share power with the TCXO 53. Also, the MEMS oscillator 52 used as the frequency compensation sensor can be replaced with a normal XO, an LC oscillator, an RC oscillator. The MEMS oscillator 52 can be selected from MEMS without temperature compensation, and the temperature-compensated MEMS is more sensitive to temperature, so the compensation effect is further improved.
  • FIG. 7 is an exemplary structural diagram of a system for implementing frequency device compensation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the system includes a device package 60, a frequency device XO 61, a frequency compensation sensor VCO 62 (Voltage Controlled Oscillator), and has a supply voltage VCC 63, a ground GND 64, and outputs two clock signals: a frequency device.
  • the supply voltage VCC 63 can be sent to both the XO 61 and the VCO 62, that is, the XO 61 and the VCO 62 share the supply voltage VCC 63 as a power source.
  • the shared power supply allows power supply fluctuations to be transmitted to the clock frequencies of the clock 65 and the clock 66 output by the XO 61 and the VCO 62, respectively, thereby improving the compensation effect.
  • Ground GND 64 connects the ground of XO 61 and VCO 62.
  • the frequency compensation sensor VCO 62 and the frequency device XO 61 can be placed together, which increases the correlation of the VCO 62 and XO 61 output frequency fluctuations to ultimately improve the compensation performance.
  • Package 60 is a housing and base that is responsible for assembling the frequency device and the frequency compensation sensor to form a new frequency device.
  • the frequency device XO 61 is a device to be compensated, which may be a common XO, or may be a VCXO (Voltage Controlled X'tal (crystal) Oscillator, a voltage controlled crystal oscillator), a TCXO, an OCXO, an atomic clock series device, a MEMS oscillator. , sound table devices, ceramic oscillator series devices, VCO series devices.
  • VCXO Voltage Controlled X'tal (crystal) Oscillator, a voltage controlled crystal oscillator
  • TCXO Voltage Controlled X'tal (crystal) Oscillator
  • TCXO Voltage Controlled X'tal (crystal) Oscillator
  • TCXO Voltage Controlled X'tal (crystal) Oscillator
  • TCXO Voltage Controlled X'tal (crystal) Oscillator
  • TCXO Voltage Controlled X'tal
  • the frequency compensation sensor VCO 62 is a frequency device for sensing a predictive variable, which may be a VCO or other frequency device, for example, a MEMS oscillator, a sound table device, which is generally lower in temperature than the frequency device XO61 and temperature sensitive, Ceramic oscillator series devices, VCXO, TCXO, OCXO, atomic clock series devices.
  • a MEMS oscillator as a frequency compensation sensor, it is better to choose a MEMS oscillator without temperature compensation because it is more sensitive to temperature.
  • the new frequency device described above that integrates a frequency compensation sensor can improve performance by a level when it is operated with a compensation algorithm using an external phase-locked loop and a reference clock.
  • the reference clock can be used to train the prediction model; after the reference clock is lost, the prediction model can be used to compensate, and the performance can reach the level of the TCXO.
  • the cost of a normal XO integrated VCO will not exceed RMB 5, while the cost of TCXO will be around $5.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a frequency device compensation device.
  • the device includes a frequency compensation sensor 10, a predictive variable sensor 20, and a compensation module 30.
  • the frequency compensation sensor 10 is arranged to output a clock signal as a first predictor and to transmit the first predictor to the compensation module.
  • the predictor variable sensor 20 is arranged to acquire a variable related to the frequency fluctuation as a second predictor and to transmit the first predictor to the compensation module.
  • the compensation module 30 is configured to compensate the frequency device based on the first predictor variable and the second predictor variable.
  • the accuracy and stability of the frequency compensation are improved by using a frequency sensor instead of the temperature sensor and increasing the predictor associated with the frequency fluctuation.
  • the frequency compensation sensor further includes a time-to-digital converter TDC configured to convert a clock signal output by the frequency compensation sensor into a digital signal as a first predictor variable.
  • TDC time-to-digital converter
  • the compensation module further includes: a digital frequency synthesizing unit, a frequency divider, a phase discriminating unit, a predictor unit, a phase locked loop algorithm unit, a frequency adjusting unit, and a predictive model unit.
  • the digital frequency synthesizing unit is configured to receive a clock signal transmitted by the frequency device and transmit the clock signal to the frequency divider.
  • the frequency divider is configured to transmit the clock signal to a phase discrimination unit.
  • the phase discrimination unit is configured to receive the clock signal and perform phase discrimination using a reference clock.
  • the predictor unit is configured to receive the first predictor and the second predictor and to transmit the first predictor and the second predictor to a predictive model unit.
  • the phase-locked loop algorithm unit is configured to receive the phase-detection result and perform filtering, and send the filtered result to the frequency adjustment unit.
  • the frequency adjustment unit is configured to send an adjustment variable to the prediction model unit, and receive a filtering result sent by the phase locked loop algorithm unit.
  • the prediction model unit is configured to: receive a first predictor variable and a second predictor variable sent by the predictor unit; receive an adjustment variable sent by the frequency adjustment unit, and adjust according to the first predictor variable, the second predictor variable, and the adjustment The variable completes the parameter training for the predictive model.
  • the compensation module 30 is further configured to: output the compensation variable to the phase locked loop algorithm unit according to the currently acquired first predictive variable and the second predictive variable, and compensate the frequency device by the frequency adjusting unit.
  • the predictor unit is configured to: receive the first predictor variable and the second predictor when the frequency device is packaged with the frequency compensation sensor, and send the first predictor variable and the second predictor to Forecast model unit.
  • the prediction model unit is further configured to: receive the first predictor variable and the second predictor variable sent by the predictor unit when the frequency device is packaged with the frequency compensation sensor; and receive the adjustment variable sent by the frequency adjustment unit, And performing parameter training on the prediction model according to the first predictor variable, the second predictor variable, and the adjustment variable.
  • the frequency adjustment unit is further configured to: when the frequency device is packaged with the frequency compensation sensor, transmit an adjustment variable to the prediction model unit.
  • the compensation module 30 is further configured to: when the frequency device is packaged with the frequency compensation sensor, output the compensation variable according to the currently acquired first predictor variable and the second predictor variable
  • a frequency device compensation system including a memory, a processor, and at least one application stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the application The program is configured to perform the frequency device compensation method described in accordance with the foregoing embodiments.
  • a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the frequency device compensation method described in accordance with the foregoing embodiments.
  • a part of the technical solution of the present disclosure or a part contributing to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, disk). And an optical disc, and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.) to perform the frequency device compensation method described in various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • a terminal device which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.

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Abstract

提供一种频率器件补偿方法、装置、系统及计算机可读存储介质。该方法包括以下步骤：获取频率补偿传感器输出的时钟信号以作为第一预测变量（S10）；获取预测变量传感器输出的与频率波动相关的变量以作为第二预测变量（S20）；以及根据所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量对频率器件进行补偿（S30）。

Description

频率器件补偿方法、装置、系统及计算机可读存储介质 技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种频率器件补偿方法、装置、系统及计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
几乎所有的电子设备、通信设备、自动控制设备都需要时钟来保证系统正常运行，这些设备的时钟信号基本都来自频率器件。然而，外界环境的变化会影响频率器件的稳定性，导致时钟不稳。有的系统为了提高时钟的精度，还会使用锁相环来跟踪外部参考时钟。但参考源丢失后，也会导致时钟性能下降。因此，为了保证设备能够正常工作，需要对频率器件进行频率补偿。
发明内容
根据本公开的一个方面，提供了一种频率器件补偿方法，包括以下步骤：获取频率补偿传感器输出的时钟信号，作为第一预测变量；获取预测变量传感器输出的与频率波动相关的变量，作为第二预测变量；根据所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量对频率器件进行补偿。
根据本公开的另一个方面，提供了一种频率器件补偿装置，包括：频率补偿传感器、预测变量传感器和补偿模块，其中，所述频率补偿传感器设置为输出时钟信号以作为第一预测变量，并将所述第一预测变量发送至补偿模块；所述预测变量传感器设置为获取与频率波动相关的变量以作为第二预测变量，并将所述第一预测变量发送至补偿模块；补偿模块设置为根据所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量对频率器件进行补偿。
根据本公开的又一个方面，提供了一种频率器件补偿系统，包括存储器、处理器和至少一个被存储在所述存储器中并被配置为由所述处理器执行的应用程序，所述应用程序被配置为用于执行以上所述的频率器件补偿方法。
根据本公开的再一个方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现以上所述的频率器件补偿方法。
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图1为根据本公开实施例提供的一种频率器件补偿方法的流程图。
图2为根据本公开实施例提供的频率器件补偿装置的工作原理示意图。
图3为根据本公开实施例提供的一种频率器件补偿方法的流程图。
图4为根据本公开实施例提供的另一种频率器件补偿方法的流程图。
图5为根据本公开实施例提供的一种用于实现频率器件补偿的系统的示例性结构图。
图6为根据本公开实施例提供的另一种用于实现频率器件补偿的系统的示例性结构图。
图7为根据本公开实施例提供的又一种用于实现频率器件补偿的系统的示例性结构图。
图8为根据本公开实施例提供的用于实现频率器件补偿的装置的示例性结构框图。
以下将结合具体实施例并参照附图来进一步说明本公开的实现、功能特点及优点。
具体实施方式
频率器件，比如晶体振荡器(XO：Crystal Oscilatore)，通常对温度比较敏感。经过一段时间的运行后，频率器件会发生频率偏移，这通常称为老化。在一些情况下，使用温度数据和时间数据作为预测变量来补偿频率器件的频率波动(补偿老化)，其中，所述预测变量的分辨率和相关度对补偿效果有着重要的影响。
然而，主要由于以下两个原因，所述补偿的效果较差：(1)在使用温度传感器来测量温度数据(作为预测变量)时，所述温度传感器的温度分辨率不高但成本高；例如，目前市面上的高精度温度传感器分辨率仅为0.01度，但其售价大约需要3美金；(2)温度数据或时间数据无法补偿其他环境因素造成的频率波动；例如，温度数据(作为预测变量)无法补偿诸如工作电源波动或者振动、冲击等造成的频率波动。
对此，在本公开实施例中提供了一种频率器件补偿方法，如图1所示，所述方法包括以下步骤S10-S30。
在步骤S10处，获取频率补偿传感器输出的时钟信号以作为第一预测变量。
在步骤S20处，获取预测变量传感器输出的与频率波动相关的变量以作为第二预测变量。
在步骤S30处，根据所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量对频率器件进行补偿。
具体而言，在一个实施例中，预测变量为与频率器件的频率波动相关的变量，并且预测变量的选择及预测变量的精度直接影响着频率器件的补偿效果。由于频率器件通常对温度比较敏感，且现有技术中的温度传感器分辨率不高，所以本公开实施例中采用温度敏感的频率器件作为频率补偿传感器，并以其输出的时钟信号作为第一预测变量。具体地，所述频率补偿传感器可以是晶振系列器件、原子钟系列、MEMS振荡器(Micro-Electro-Mechanical System，微机电系统)、压电陶瓷振荡器、压控振荡器系列等时钟源。
除了与温度有关的预测变量，本公开实施例还考虑与频率波动相关的其他变量，所述变量无法用温度或时间数据来补偿，但也会影响频率器件的稳定性。在本公开实施例中，将这些与频率波动相关但与温度不相关的变量作为第二预测变量，其主要包括电压、电流、功耗、负载波动、辐射、冲击、振动、加速度、速度、风扇转速、风速、气压和湿度等。
如上所述，通过采用频率传感器来代替温度传感器，并增加与 频率波动相关的预测变量，提高了频率补偿的精度和稳定度。
在一个实施例中，所述步骤S10还包括以下步骤：获取频率补偿传感器输出的时钟信号；以及通过时间数字转换器TDC将所述时钟信号转换成数字信号，并将所述数字信号作为第一预测变量。
图2为根据本公开实施例提供的频率器件补偿装置的工作原理示意图。所述频率器件补偿装置包括频率补偿传感器10、预测变量传感器20和补偿模块30。频率补偿传感器10可以是任何一种温度敏感的频率器件，其输出时钟信号25给TDC/PD 22(Time-to-Digital Converter，时间数字转换器/PhaseDetector，鉴相器)。TDC/PD 22可以由单独的一个器件构成，也可以是锁相环芯片的一个功能模块，或者是由逻辑器件实现的一个模块。在接收所述时钟信号25的同时，TDC/PD 22还接收(待补偿)频率器件37发出的时钟信号39作为参考时钟。在TDC/PD 22内，把时钟信号25转换成数字信号以作为预测变量，所述数字信号可以是鉴相值，或者可以是频偏值、频率值。随后，TDC/PD 22把转换后的数字信号经过通信接口26发送给预测变量单元33。
预测变量传感器20是感测除了频率补偿传感器10感测的因素以外的与频率器件37的输出频率波动相关的所有其他因素的传感器，或者能够实现类似功能并能够产生数字变量的其他装置。预测变量传感器20采集到模拟信号后，将其放大、整形以产生信号27。信号27经过ADC 24(Analog-to-Digital Converter，模/数转换器)转换成数字信号，然后经过通信接口28发送到预测变量单元33。
多数情况下，预测变量传感器20和ADC 24集成在一起并作为一个器件来操作，例如，作为数字加速度传感器来操作。在实际应用中，预测变量传感器20可能不止一个，比如，可能同时需要分别用于检测电源电压和电流的2个预测变量传感器。通信接口26和28可以是IIC接口、SPI接口、uart接口、usb接口等。由于时间数据31对老化补偿是必不可少的，因此本公开保留时间数据31。所述时间数据31可以由待补偿的频率器件37产生，或者可以由CPU/MCU的时基(tick)产生。频率补偿传感器10需要靠近频率器件37放置， 在一个实施例中，在频率补偿传感器10放置在频率器件37内部时，可以产生较好的效果。在另一个实施例中，在频率补偿传感器10和频率器件37集成在一起并封装成一个新的频率器件时，所述新的频率器件输出2个时钟频率。在一个实施例中，当频率补偿传感器10和频率器件37共用电源时，会获得更好的补偿效果，这是因为电源波动会在这两个频率器件上体现。
在本公开实施例中，在存在参考时钟的情况下，可以对预测模型进行训练。训练好后，预测模型会生成一套参数，所述参数的作用是把实时采集的预测变量转化为补偿变量，所述补偿变量即频率调整单元在进行补偿时的调整量。要注意的是，对预测模型的训练一定是在参考时钟存在的条件下才能进行，并且只有在参考时钟丢失或严重恶化的情况下，才会用训练好的预测模型进行补偿(未经训练的预测模型不能用于补偿)。
根据本公开实施例，在例如参考时钟突然丢失，或者作为参考时钟的GPS信号受到干扰从而导致参考时钟丢失或严重恶化时，就需要利用前面训练的模型来及两类预测变量来补偿频率器件的波动。因此，如图3所示，所述方法还包括以下步骤S301-S304。
在步骤S301处，频率器件发送时钟信号至数字频率合成单元，再经分频器将所述时钟信号传送至鉴相鉴频单元，以利用参考时钟进行鉴相鉴频。
在步骤S302处，将鉴相鉴频结果发送至锁相环算法单元进行滤波，并将滤波结果作为调整变量发送至频率调整单元。
在步骤S303处，将所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量发送给预测模型单元。
在步骤S304处，预测模型单元接收频率调整单元发来的调整变量，并根据所述第一预测变量、第二预测变量和调整变量完成对预测模型的参数训练。
在这种情况下，所述步骤S30还包括以下步骤S305。
在步骤S305处，预测模型单元根据当前采集的第一预测变量和第二预测变量输出补偿变量至锁相环算法单元，再经过频率调整单元 来对频率器件进行补偿。
参考图2，根据本公开实施例，在有参考时钟38的情况下，频率器件37输出时钟信号39给数字频率合成单元36，所述时钟信号39再经过分频器发送给鉴频鉴相单元，以与参考时钟38进行鉴频鉴相。鉴相结果发送给锁相环算法单元，以进行滤波。最后，把滤波后的结果发送给频率调整单元35。频率调整单元35可以是DAC电路、DDS(Direct Digital Synthesizer，直接数字式频率合成器)、DCO/NCO(Digitally Controlled Oscillator/Numerically Controlled Oscillator，数控振荡器)。频率调整单元35把滤波后的结果作为要调整的变量发送给数字频率合成单元36，以完成频率调整，并最终输出稳定的时钟信号40。
如果频率器件37带有可调整频率的功能，比如其为VC-OCXO(Voltage Controlled-Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillators压控-恒温晶体振荡器)，则其可以和数字频率合成单元36集成在一起。在跟踪参考时钟的过程中，预测变量单元33把汇总的预测变量发送给预测模型单元34，预测模型单元34同时还接收频率调整单元发送的调整变量，并根据所述第一预测变量、第二预测变量和调整变量来完成对补偿模型的参数训练。在补偿模型已经训练好之后，在参考时钟丢失时，预测模型单元34根据预测变量单元最新采集的变量，输出补偿变量给锁相环算法单元，并经过频率调整单元35来完成对频率器件37的频率补偿。
在本公开实施例中，当频率补偿传感器和频率器件封装在一起时，可以采用图3中的方法来训练预测模型，并在频率器件出厂前就将预测模型训练好；也可以不用图3中的方法，不使用锁相环。在不使用锁相环的这种情况下，如图4所示，所述方法还包括以下步骤S31-S32。
在步骤S31处，将所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量发送给预测模型单元。
在步骤S32处，预测模型单元接收频率调整单元发来的调整变量，并根据所述第一预测变量、第二预测变量和调整变量完成对预测 模型的参数训练。
在这种情况下，所述步骤S30还包括以下步骤S33。
在步骤S33处，预测模型单元根据当前采集的第一预测变量和第二预测变量输出补偿变量。
根据本公开实施例，在没有参考时钟情况下，需要预先采集预测变量，训练预测模型，并把预测模型的参数写入内部存储器。在使用所述预测模型时，可以直接调出参数，而不需要锁相环。
在本公开实施例中，当参考时钟丢失后，频率调整单元根据预测模型单元和锁相环算法单元提供的频率调整量来调整数字频率合成单元，以输出补偿后的时钟信号，完成补偿。频率调整单元也可以把调整量发送给预测模型单元，以完成对预测模型的训练。
在本公开实施例中，频率补偿传感器和预测变量传感器的组成方式可以是多种多样的。图5为根据本公开实施例提供的一种用于实现频率器件补偿的系统的示例性结构图，所述系统包括电源电路41、OCXO 42、数字锁相环43、MCU/CPU 45和参考时钟44。
OCXO42是被补偿的频率器件，其内部集成了一只普通晶振XO47，所述晶振XO47用作频率补偿传感器。XO47输出25M的时钟信号49，以提供一个预测变量，并将所述时钟信号49发送给数字锁相环内部的TDC模块。电源电路41的发送出的电压信号48为OCXO42供电。在OCXO42内部，电压信号48分别被提供给OCXO内部的功率管、振荡及恒温电路，并为XO47供电。这样，电压信号48上的波动会同时影响OCXO42输出的10MHz时钟信号50和XO47输出的时钟信号49，即，由于受同一电源的波动影响，两个时钟信号49和50的频率偏移有很高的相关性。
在OCXO42内部，XO47靠近晶体和功率管放置，这样，XO47可以准确、快速地检测到晶体上的温度变化。这种温度变化会同时表现在10MHz时钟信号50和25M时钟信号49上，即，这两者之间的由于温度变化而导致的频率偏移有很高的相关性。在数字锁相环43内部，把10MHz时钟信号50和25M时钟信号49发送到内部的TDC模块做鉴相处理。比如，可以把10MHz信号和25MHz分频成1Hz信号，用TDC 把这两个1Hz信号的相位差转换成时间信号Δt(ns)，并把Δt取倒数，则可以获得这两个时钟的相对频偏Δf(ppb)。MCU/CPU 45读取这个频偏Δf，以作为一个预测变量。目前，锁相环器件的TDC模块的时间分辨率可以达到1ps，所以频偏Δf的分辨率可以达到0.001ppb。用于预测老化的时间数据可以由MCU/CPU 45的工作时钟产生，也可以用10MHz时钟信号50产生。当参考时钟44存在时，数字锁相环43跟踪参考时钟，并收集频偏Δf和时间数据训练预测模型，以计算出所述预测模型的参数。当参考时钟44丢失后，利用所述预测模型来预测OCXO42的频偏，并在补偿所述频偏后输出时钟46。
频率补偿传感器XO47可以用MEMS振荡器、LC振荡器、RC振荡器等器件来替代，只要所述器件对温度变化敏感、能输出时钟信号即可。频率补偿传感器XO47也可以独立于待补偿频率器件OCXO42而存在，例如，其可以放置在OCXO42附近，但在这种情况下，补偿效果会降低。
图6为根据本公开实施例提供的一种用于实现频率器件补偿的系统的示例性结构图。所述系统包括电源电路41、电流检测电阻51、MEMS振荡器52(微机电系统，Microelectromechanical System)、数字锁相环43、MCU/CPU45、TCXO34、电流检测芯片54、电压检测芯片55和参考时钟44。
在本公开实施例中，被补偿的频率器件是TCXO 53，所述频率补偿传感器是MEMS振荡器52。所述TCXO 53和MEMS振荡器52可以尽量靠近放置，并尽可能共用电源，从而增加输出时钟信号56和57的频率偏移的相关性。电流检测电阻51和电流检测芯片54可以完成电流检测功能。电流检测芯片54内部集成了ADC电路，以把检测到的电流大小转换成数字信号，并经过通信接口将所述数字信号发送给MCU/CPU 45，以作为一个预测变量。电压检测芯片55完成对TCXO 34工作电压48的波动检测，并把数字电压信号经过通信接口发送给MCU/CPU 45，以作为又一预测变量。用于预测TCXO 53的老化的时间数据产生方法和运行过程与之前描述的实施例相同，此处不再赘述。
由于具有电压检测电路，因此MEMS振荡器52可以不与TCXO 53 共用电源。同样，用作频率补偿传感器的MEMS振荡器52可以用普通XO、LC振荡器、RC振荡器来替代。MEMS振荡器52可以选用不加温度补偿的MEMS，所述不加温度补偿的MEMS对温度更敏感，因而补偿效果会进一步提高。
图7为根据本公开实施例提供的又一种用于实现频率器件补偿的系统的示例性结构图。所述系统包括器件封装60、频率器件XO 61、频率补偿传感器VCO 62(Voltage Controlled Oscillator，压控振荡器)，并输入有供电电压VCC 63、接地GND 64，且输出两路时钟信号：频率器件输出时钟65、频率补偿传感器输出时钟66，其中，时钟65用作通常频率器件的时钟，而时钟66用作一个预测变量。
可以将供电电压VCC 63发送给XO 61和VCO 62二者，也即，XO 61和VCO 62共用供电电压VCC 63作为电源。共用电源使得电源波动可以传递到XO 61和VCO 62分别输出的时钟65和时钟66的时钟频率上，从而提升补偿效果。接地GND 64连接XO 61和VCO 62的地。
可以把频率补偿传感器VCO 62和频率器件XO 61放置在一起，这样可以增加VCO 62和XO 61输出频率波动的相关性，以最终提升补偿性能。封装60是一个外壳和底座，其负责把频率器件和频率补偿传感器组装在一起，以构成一个新的频率器件。
频率器件XO 61是待补偿的器件，其可以是普通的XO，也可以是VCXO(Voltage Controlled X’tal(crystal)Oscillator，压控晶体振荡器)、TCXO、OCXO、原子钟系列器件、MEMS振荡器、声表器件、陶瓷振荡器系列器件、VCO系列器件。频率补偿传感器VCO 62是用于感测预测变量的频率器件，其可以是VCO，也可以是其他频率器件，例如，通常性能比频率器件XO61低且对温度敏感的MEMS振荡器、声表器件、陶瓷振荡器系列器件、VCXO、TCXO、OCXO、原子钟系列器件。在选用MEMS振荡器作为频率补偿传感器的情况下，选择不加温度补偿的MEMS振荡器效果会更好，这是因为其因为对温度更敏感。
以上描述的集成了一个频率补偿传感器的新的频率器件，当其 与外部锁相环、参考时钟一起利用补偿算法来操作时，能够使性能提升一个等级。比如，在普通XO集成了一个VCO的情况下，可以利用参考时钟来训练预测模型；在参考时钟丢失后，利用所述预测模型来进行补偿，可以使性能达到TCXO的水平。普通XO集成VCO的成本不会超过5元人民币，而TCXO成本在5美金左右。
本公开实施例还提供了一种频率器件补偿装置，如图8所示，所述装置包括：频率补偿传感器10、预测变量传感器20和补偿模块30。
所述频率补偿传感器10设置为输出时钟信号以作为第一预测变量，并将所述第一预测变量发送至补偿模块。
所述预测变量传感器20设置为获取与频率波动相关的变量以作为第二预测变量，并将所述第一预测变量发送至补偿模块。
补偿模块30设置为根据所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量对频率器件进行补偿。
在本公开实施例中，通过采用频率传感器来代替温度传感器，并增加与频率波动相关的预测变量，提高了频率补偿的精度和稳定度。
在本公开实施例中，所述频率补偿传感器之后还包括时间数字转换器TDC，所述TDC设置为将频率补偿传感器输出的时钟信号转换成数字信号以作为第一预测变量。
所述补偿模块还包括：数字频率合成单元、分频器、鉴相鉴频单元、预测变量单元、锁相环算法单元、频率调整单元和预测模型单元。
所述数字频率合成单元设置为接收频率器件发送的时钟信号，并将所述时钟信号发送至分频器。
所述分频器设置为将所述时钟信号传送至鉴相鉴频单元。
所述鉴相鉴频单元设置为接收所述时钟信号，并利用参考时钟进行鉴相鉴频。
所述预测变量单元设置为接收所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量，并将所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量发送给预测模型单元。
所述锁相环算法单元设置为接收鉴相鉴频结果进行滤波，并把 滤波结果发送至频率调整单元。
所述频率调整单元设置为向预测模型单元发送调整变量，以及接收锁相环算法单元发来的滤波结果。
所述预测模型单元设置为：接收预测变量单元发来的第一预测变量和第二预测变量；接收频率调整单元发来的调整变量，并根据所述第一预测变量、第二预测变量和调整变量完成对预测模型的参数训练。
所述补偿模块30还设置为：根据当前采集的第一预测变量和第二预测变量输出补偿变量至锁相环算法单元，并经过频率调整单元对频率器件进行补偿。
所述预测变量单元设置为：当所述频率器件与频率补偿传感器封装在一起时，接收所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量，并将所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量发送给预测模型单元。
所述预测模型单元还设置为：当所述频率器件与频率补偿传感器封装在一起时，接收预测变量单元发来的第一预测变量和第二预测变量；接收频率调整单元发来的调整变量，并根据所述第一预测变量、第二预测变量和调整变量完成对预测模型的参数训练。
所述频率调整单元还设置为：当所述频率器件与频率补偿传感器封装在一起时，向预测模型单元发送调整变量。
所述补偿模块30还设置为：当所述频率器件与频率补偿传感器封装在一起时，根据当前采集的第一预测变量和第二预测变量输出补偿变量
根据本公开实施例中，还提供了一种频率器件补偿系统，其包括存储器、处理器和至少一个被存储在所述存储器中并被配置为由所述处理器执行的应用程序，所述应用程序被配置为用于执行根据前述实施例描述的频率器件补偿方法。
根据本公开实施例，还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现根据前述实施例描述的频率器件补偿方法。
需要说明的是，上述装置、系统和计算机可读存储介质均可以 实现以上结合方法实施例来描述的各步骤和操作，并实现相同的技术效果。为了简明起见，此处不再赘述。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解，本文中描述的各实施例可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件来实现。基于这样的理解，本公开的技术方案本质上的部分或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中，并包括用以使得一台终端设备(可以是手机、计算机、服务器、空调器或者网络设备等)执行本公开各个实施例所述的频率器件补偿方法的若干指令。
以上参照附图说明了本公开的示例性实施例，所述示例性实施例不旨在限制本公开的权利范围。本领域技术人员在不脱离本公开的范围和本质内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进，均应落入本公开的权利范围之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种频率器件补偿方法，包括以下步骤：
    获取频率补偿传感器输出的时钟信号以作为第一预测变量；
    获取预测变量传感器输出的与频率波动相关的变量以作为第二预测变量；以及
    根据所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量对频率器件进行补偿。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述获取频率补偿传感器输出的时钟信号以作为第一预测变量的步骤包括以下步骤：
    获取频率补偿传感器输出的时钟信号；以及
    通过时间数字转换器TDC将所述时钟信号转换成数字信号，并将所述数字信号作为第一预测变量。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，还包括以下步骤：
    频率器件将时钟信号发送至数字频率合成单元，再经分频器将所述时钟信号传送至鉴相鉴频单元，以利用参考时钟进行鉴相鉴频；
    将鉴相鉴频结果发送至锁相环算法单元进行滤波，并将滤波结果作为调整变量发送至频率调整单元；
    将所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量发送给预测模型单元；以及
    预测模型单元接收频率调整单元发来的调整变量，并根据所述第一预测变量、第二预测变量和调整变量完成对预测模型的参数训练；
    并且其中，所述根据所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量对频率器件进行补偿的步骤包括以下步骤：
    预测模型单元根据当前采集的第一预测变量和第二预测变量将补偿变量输出至锁相环算法单元，并经过频率调整单元对频率器件进行补偿。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，当所述频率器件与频率补偿传 感器封装在一起时，还包括以下步骤：
    将所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量发送给预测模型单元；以及
    预测模型单元接收频率调整单元发来的调整变量，并根据所述第一预测变量、第二预测变量和调整变量完成对预测模型的参数训练；
    并且其中，所述根据所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量对频率器件进行补偿的步骤包括以下步骤：
    预测模型单元根据当前采集的第一预测变量和第二预测变量输出补偿变量。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述频率补偿传感器为温度敏感的频率器件。
  6. 一种频率器件补偿装置，包括：频率补偿传感器、预测变量传感器和补偿模块，其中，
    所述频率补偿传感器设置为输出时钟信号以作为第一预测变量，并将所述第一预测变量发送至补偿模块；
    所述预测变量传感器设置为获取与频率波动相关的变量以作为第二预测变量，并将所述第一预测变量发送至补偿模块；并且
    所述补偿模块设置为根据所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量对频率器件进行补偿。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，还包括时间数字转换器TDC，所述TDC设置为将频率补偿传感器输出的时钟信号转换成数字信号以作为第一预测变量。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其中，所述补偿模块包括：
    数字频率合成单元，其设置为接收频率器件发送的时钟信号，并将所述时钟信号发送至分频器；
    分频器，其设置为将所述时钟信号传送至鉴相鉴频单元；
    鉴相鉴频单元，其设置为接收所述时钟信号，并利用参考时钟进行鉴相鉴频；
    预测变量单元，其设置为接收所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量，并将所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量发送给预测模型单元；
    锁相环算法单元，其设置为对鉴相鉴频结果进行滤波，并把滤波结果作为调整变量发送至频率调整单元；
    频率调整单元，其设置为向预测模型单元发送调整变量，以及接收锁相环算法单元发来的滤波结果；
    预测模型单元，其设置为：接收预测变量单元发来的第一预测变量和第二预测变量；接收频率调整单元发来的调整变量，并根据所述第一预测变量、第二预测变量和调整变量完成对预测模型的参数训练；
    并且其中，所述补偿模块还设置为根据当前采集的第一预测变量和第二预测变量输出补偿变量至锁相环算法单元，并经过频率调整单元对频率器件进行补偿。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其中，
    所述预测变量单元还设置为：当所述频率器件与频率补偿传感器封装在一起时，接收所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量，并将所述第一预测变量和第二预测变量发送给预测模型单元；
    所述预测模型单元还设置为：当所述频率器件与频率补偿传感器封装在一起时，接收预测变量单元发来的第一预测变量和第二预测变量；接收频率调整单元发来的调整变量，并根据所述第一预测变量、第二预测变量和调整变量完成对预测模型的参数训练；并且
    所述频率调整单元还设置为：当所述频率器件与频率补偿传感器封装在一起时，向预测模型单元发送调整变量；
    并且其中，所述补偿模块还设置为：当所述频率器件与频率补偿传感器封装在一起时，根据当前采集的第一预测变量和第二预测变量输出补偿变量。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其中，所述频率补偿传感器为温度敏感的频率器件。
  11. 一种频率器件补偿系统，包括存储器、处理器和至少一个被存储在所述存储器中并被配置为由所述处理器执行的应用程序，其中，所述应用程序被配置为用于执行如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的频率器件补偿方法。
  12. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时使得实现如权利要求1至5中任一所述的频率器件补偿方法。
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