WO2019004132A1 - 回路部品の製造方法及び回路部品 - Google Patents
回路部品の製造方法及び回路部品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019004132A1 WO2019004132A1 PCT/JP2018/024022 JP2018024022W WO2019004132A1 WO 2019004132 A1 WO2019004132 A1 WO 2019004132A1 JP 2018024022 W JP2018024022 W JP 2018024022W WO 2019004132 A1 WO2019004132 A1 WO 2019004132A1
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- circuit component
- foam
- mounting
- molten resin
- zone
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
- B29C45/58—Details
- B29C45/62—Barrels or cylinders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C45/77—Measuring, controlling or regulating of velocity or pressure of moulding material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/36—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/36—After-treatment
- C08J9/40—Impregnation
- C08J9/42—Impregnation with macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L81/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L81/02—Polythioethers; Polythioether-ethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/0313—Organic insulating material
- H05K1/032—Organic insulating material consisting of one material
- H05K1/0333—Organic insulating material consisting of one material containing S
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/18—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/18—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material
- H05K3/181—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
- B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a circuit component (molded circuit component) and a circuit component (molded circuit component).
- blowing agents used for foam molding, physical blowing agents and chemical blowing agents, but chemical blowing agents are difficult to apply to high melting point materials. Therefore, in the above-described foam molding of glass fiber reinforced resin and the like having high heat resistance, a foam injection molding method using a high pressure supercritical fluid as a physical foaming agent is adopted (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3) .
- the general-purpose heat-resistant temperature of the above-mentioned general-purpose engineering plastic is about 100 ° C, but for applications where use in a higher temperature environment is expected, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) whose liquid-resistant temperature is 150 ° C or higher Super engineering plastics (super engineering plastic) such as LCP) are used.
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- Super engineering plastics super engineering plastic
- LCP Low precision connectors
- MID is a device in which a three-dimensional circuit is formed of a metal film on the surface of a molded body, and can contribute to weight reduction, thickness reduction and reduction in the number of parts of a product (for example, Patent Documents 6 and 7).
- MIDs in which light emitting diodes (LEDs) are implemented have also been proposed. Since the LED generates heat when energized, it needs exhaust heat from the back, and it is important to enhance the heat dissipation of the MID.
- Patent Documents 8 and 9 propose a composite component in which an MID and a metal heat dissipating material are integrated.
- Patent Document 10 A method has also been proposed in which a conductive filler is mixed with resin and molded to improve the heat dissipation of the resin molded body itself (for example, Patent Document 10).
- molded circuit parts such as MIDs disclosed in Patent Documents 6 and 7 are required to have further weight reduction. Therefore, it is expected to reduce the weight of the molded circuit component by using a foamed molded article having a small specific gravity as the molded circuit component.
- the present invention solves the above problems, and provides a lightweight molded circuit component.
- the method for producing a PPS foam molded product disclosed in Patent Documents 4 and 5 comprises the steps of: holding a molded product of PPS in a pressurized inert gas atmosphere and permeating the inert gas; It is a so-called batch-type manufacturing method, which comprises the steps of: heating the infiltrated PPS under normal pressure to foam it. For this reason, it has the subject that productivity is inferior compared with continuous molding, such as injection molding and extrusion molding.
- the foam molding method using physical blowing agents disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 is continuous molding with high productivity, and is a foam molding technology that does not select a resin relatively. Therefore, in principle, it seems that foam molding of super engineering plastic such as PPS is possible by the methods disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3. However, very high heat resistance is required of recent automobile parts. According to the study of the inventors of the present application, a foam molded article produced using a conventional high-pressure physical blowing agent as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 and a molded circuit part using the same are resin materials. It was found that even if super engineering plastic was used, sufficient heat resistance could not be obtained.
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and provides a method of manufacturing a molded circuit component having high heat resistance and light weight, including continuous molding with high productivity.
- the resin molded body which becomes a base material of circuit parts, such as MID has sufficient heat dissipation performance
- the metal-made heat dissipation members disclosed by patent document 8 and 9 become unnecessary, and the cost of circuit parts can be reduced.
- the fluidity of the thermoplastic resin at the time of molding is reduced. .
- the moldability is lowered and the resin molded product can not obtain sufficient dimensional accuracy.
- the present invention solves these problems, and provides a circuit component (MID) using a base material which is a resin molded body, in which mass productivity and heat dissipation can be compatible.
- MID circuit component
- a circuit component it is characterized in that it is a circuit component, and it comprises a base material which is a foamed molded article containing a thermoplastic resin, and a circuit pattern formed on the base material. Circuit components are provided.
- the thermoplastic resin contains a super engineering plastic, and when the circuit component is heated to maintain the surface temperature of the circuit component at 240 ° C. to 260 ° C. for 5 minutes, the thickness of the circuit component by heating is obtained.
- the change rate of may be -2% to 2%.
- the heating of the circuit component may be performed by a reflow furnace.
- the circuit component is the foam molded article containing the thermoplastic resin and an insulating heat conductive filler, and having a density reduction rate of 0.5% to 10%, the mounting surface, and the mounting
- the substrate having the back surface opposite to the surface, the circuit pattern formed on the surface of the substrate including the mounting surface, and the mounting surface of the substrate are electrically mounted with the circuit pattern
- the distance from the mounting surface to the back surface may be 0.1 mm or more.
- the density reduction rate of the substrate may be 1 to 7%.
- the distance from the mounting surface to the back surface may exceed 0.5 mm, and a foam cell is formed between the mounting surface and the back surface. May be included.
- a recessed portion defined by the side wall and the bottom surface is formed on the back surface, the mounting component is mounted on the mounting surface corresponding to the bottom surface, and a distance from the mounting surface to the bottom surface is 0.1 mm to It may be 1.5 mm.
- the area of the bottom surface per one mounting component disposed on the mounting surface corresponding to the bottom surface may be 0.4 cm 2 to 4 cm 2 .
- a non-penetrating or penetrating hole may be formed from the mounting surface toward the bottom surface, and an electroless plating film may be formed on the inner wall of the hole.
- the recessed part may be formed in the said mounting surface, and the electroless-plating film may be formed in the surface of the said recessed part.
- the mounting component may be an LED, and the circuit pattern may include an electroless plating film. Moreover, the heat dissipation member may not be provided on the back surface.
- the thermoplastic resin may include super engineering plastic, and the super engineering plastic may include polyphenylene sulfide or liquid crystal polymer.
- thermoplastic resin is plasticized and melted to form a molten resin, and a plasticizing zone where the molten resin becomes starved, and a starvation zone where the molten resin is starved, and physical foaming in the starvation zone
- thermoplastic resin is a super engineering plastic
- the super engineering plastic may include polyphenylene sulfide or a liquid crystal polymer.
- the super engineering plastic may include polyphenylene sulfide, and the constant pressure may be 2 MPa to 12 MPa.
- the physical blowing agent may be nitrogen.
- the molten resin may be pressurized with a pressurized fluid containing the physical foaming agent, and the starvation zone may be maintained at the constant pressure all the time during the production of the foam.
- the plasticizing cylinder has an introduction rate adjusting container connected to the introduction port, and the manufacturing method further includes supplying a pressurized fluid containing the physical foaming agent to the introduction rate adjusting container, the introduction A pressurized fluid comprising the physical blowing agent at the constant pressure may be introduced into the starvation zone from a rate regulating container.
- the inlet may be open at all times, and the introduction rate adjusting container and the starvation zone may be maintained at the constant pressure during the production of the foam.
- the circuit pattern includes an electroless plating film, and forming the circuit pattern on the surface of the foam molded body is a catalyst comprising a polymer having at least one of an amide group and an amino group on the surface of the foam molded body. Forming an active blocking layer, heating or irradiating a part of the surface of the foam molded body having the catalyst active blocking layer formed thereon, and electroless plating on the surface of the foamed molded body subjected to heating or light. Applying a catalyst, bringing an electroless plating solution into contact with the surface of the foam molded body to which the electroless plating catalyst has been applied, and forming the electroless plating film on a heated portion or a light irradiated portion of the surface; May be included.
- the polymer may be a hyperbranched polymer.
- the present invention can provide lightweight circuit parts (molded circuit parts).
- FIG.5 (a) is an upper surface schematic diagram of the circuit component of 2nd Embodiment
- FIG.5 (b) is a B1-B1 line cross-section schematic diagram of FIG. 5 (a).
- FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of the circuit component shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 (a) is a schematic top view showing the structure in the process of manufacturing the circuit component shown in FIG. 5 (a), and FIG. 7 (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view along line B3-B3 in FIG. 7 (a) is there.
- 8 (a) is a schematic top view showing another structure in the middle of production of the circuit component shown in FIG. 5 (a), and FIG. 8 (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view along line B4-B4 in FIG. 8 (a).
- FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circuit component of Modification 1 of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circuit component of Modification 2 of the second embodiment.
- molded circuit component means a component in which an electric circuit is formed on the surface of a resin molded body.
- the manufacturing apparatus 1000 mainly includes a plasticizing cylinder 210 in which a screw 20 is installed, a cylinder 100 which is a physical foaming agent supply mechanism for supplying a physical foaming agent to the plasticizing cylinder 210, and a mold provided with a mold.
- a clamping unit (not shown) and a control device (not shown) for controlling operation of the plasticizing cylinder 210 and the clamping unit are provided.
- the molten resin plasticized and melted in the plasticizing cylinder 210 flows from the right hand in FIG. 2 toward the left hand. Therefore, in the plasticizing cylinder 210 of the present embodiment, the right hand in FIG. 2 is defined as “upstream” or “rearward” and the left hand as “downstream” or “frontward”.
- the plasticizing cylinder has a plasticizing zone 21 in which a thermoplastic resin is plasticized and melted to be a molten resin, and a starvation zone 23 in which the molten resin is in a starvation state downstream of the plasticizing zone 21.
- the “starved state” is a state in which the molten resin does not fill the starvation zone 23 and becomes unfilled. Therefore, a space other than the occupied portion of the molten resin exists in the starvation zone 23.
- an inlet 202 for introducing a physical foaming agent into the starvation zone 23 is formed, and an inlet speed adjustment container 300 is connected to the inlet 202.
- the cylinder 100 supplies the physical foaming agent to the plasticizing cylinder 210 via the introduction rate adjusting container 300.
- the manufacturing apparatus 1000 has only one starvation zone 23, the manufacturing apparatus used for this embodiment is not limited to this.
- the manufacturing apparatus 1000 in order to promote the penetration of the physical blowing agent into the molten resin, it has a plurality of starvation zones 23 and inlets 202 formed therein, and the physical blowing agent is introduced into the plasticizing cylinder 210 from the plurality of inlets 202.
- the structure may be
- the manufacturing apparatus 1000 is an injection molding apparatus, the manufacturing apparatus used in the present embodiment is not limited to this, and may be, for example, an extrusion molding apparatus.
- thermoplastic resin is plasticized and melted to be a molten resin (Step S1 in FIG. 1).
- a super engineering plastic hereinafter referred to as “super engineering plastic” as appropriate
- the definition of super engineering plastic follows this because, in general, plastics with continuous use temperatures of 150 ° C. or higher are classified as super engineering plastic.
- Many super engineering plastics have a benzene ring in their molecular chain, so the molecular chain is thick and strong.
- the molecule is difficult to move even when the environmental temperature becomes high, so it is excellent in heat resistance.
- the fluorine resins there are resins which are excellent in heat resistance without having a benzene ring structure and which are classified as super engineering plastic.
- the fluorocarbon resin is very stable when it is bonded to carbon.
- Super engineering plastics are roughly classified into amorphous (transparent) resins and crystalline resins.
- amorphous (transparent) resins include polyphenylsulfone (PPSU), polysulfone (PSU), polyarylate (PAR), and polyetherimide (PEI).
- crystalline resins include, for example, polyether Ether ketone (PEEK), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether sulfone (PES), polyamide imide (PAI), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) can be mentioned.
- the super engineering plastic of the present embodiment may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more, and a polymer alloy containing these engineering plastic may be used.
- a crystalline resin which easily forms fine cells is preferable, and in particular, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and liquid crystal polymer (LCP) are more preferable.
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- LCP liquid crystal polymer
- LCP is employed in connectors that require high heat resistance.
- LCP is expensive and its specific gravity is large.
- the specific gravity can be reduced, and the amount used can be reduced as compared with a solid molded body (non-foam molded body) of the same size, so that cost reduction can also be achieved.
- thermoplastic resin of this embodiment may contain other various general-purpose additives as needed.
- the thermoplastic resin in the present embodiment, only super engineering plastic is used as the thermoplastic resin, but depending on the use of the foam molding, a general-purpose thermoplastic resin that is not super engineering plastic to the extent that the heat resistance of the foam molding is not affected. You may mix and use.
- the main component of the thermoplastic resin constituting the foam molded article is super engineering plastic, and for example, the proportion of super engineering plastic in the thermoplastic resin constituting the foam molded article is 60% by weight to 100% by weight. Preferably, 95 wt% to 100 wt% is more preferred.
- physical foaming is used as the foaming agent, and no chemical foaming agent is used in combination. Therefore, the super engineering plastic which is a thermoplastic resin of this embodiment does not contain a chemical blowing agent. Because the melting temperature of super engineering plastic is high, it is difficult to use a chemical blowing agent in combination.
- thermoplastic resin is plasticized and melted in the plasticizing cylinder 210 in which the screw 20 shown in FIG. 2 is installed.
- a band heater (not shown) is disposed on the outer wall surface of the plasticizing cylinder 210, thereby heating the plasticizing cylinder 210 and further adding shear heat generation due to the rotation of the screw 20 to plasticize the thermoplastic resin. It is melted.
- a pressurized fluid is used as the physical blowing agent.
- "fluid” means any of a liquid, a gas, and a supercritical fluid.
- the physical blowing agent carbon dioxide, nitrogen and the like are preferable from the viewpoint of cost and environmental load. Since the pressure of the physical foaming agent of the present embodiment is a relatively low pressure, for example, the fluid is obtained by reducing the pressure to a constant pressure by a pressure reducing valve from a cylinder in which a fluid such as a nitrogen cylinder, carbon dioxide cylinder, or air cylinder is stored. Can be used. In this case, since the booster is not necessary, the cost of the entire manufacturing apparatus can be reduced.
- a fluid pressurized to a predetermined pressure may be used as a physical foaming agent.
- a physical blowing agent can be produced by the following method. First, nitrogen is purified through a nitrogen separation membrane while compressing atmospheric air with a compressor. Next, the purified nitrogen is pressurized to a predetermined pressure using a booster pump, a syringe pump or the like to produce a physical foaming agent. Also, compressed air may be used as a physical blowing agent. In the present embodiment, forced shear mixing of the physical blowing agent and the molten resin is not performed. For this reason, even if compressed air is used as the physical foaming agent, oxygen having low solubility in the molten resin is difficult to dissolve in the molten resin, and oxidation deterioration of the molten resin can be suppressed.
- the pressure of the physical blowing agent introduced into starvation zone 23 is constant, and the pressure of starvation zone 23 is maintained at the same constant pressure as the physical blowing agent introduced.
- the pressure of the material foaming agent is, for example, 0.5 MPa to 12 MPa, preferably 2 MPa to 12 MPa, more preferably 2 MPa to 10 MPa, and still more preferably 2 MPa to 8 MPa.
- the pressure of the physical blowing agent is preferably 1 MPa to 6 MPa. Although the optimum pressure varies depending on the type of molten resin, by setting the pressure of the physical foaming agent to 0.5 MPa or more, the physical foaming agent in an amount necessary for foaming can permeate into the molten resin, and the foamability of the foam molded body Improve.
- the pressure of the physical foaming agent is "constant" it means that the fluctuation range of the pressure with respect to the predetermined pressure is preferably within ⁇ 20%, more preferably within ⁇ 10%.
- the pressure in the starvation zone is measured, for example, by a pressure sensor 27 provided in the starvation zone 23 of the plasticizing cylinder 210. Although the starvation zone 23 moves in the longitudinal direction in the plasticizing cylinder 210 as the screw 20 advances and retracts, the pressure sensor 27 shown in FIG.
- the pressurized fluid comprising physical blowing agent introduced into starvation zone 23 has the above-mentioned constant pressure.
- the physical blowing agent is supplied from the inlet port 202 to the starvation zone 23 from the cylinder 100 via the inlet velocity adjustment container 300.
- the physical foaming agent is depressurized to a predetermined pressure using the depressurizing valve 151 and then introduced from the inlet 202 at the starvation zone 23 without passing through a pressurizing device or the like.
- the introduction amount, introduction time and the like of the physical foaming agent introduced into the plasticizing cylinder 210 are not controlled. Therefore, the mechanism which controls them, for example, the drive valve using a non-return valve, a solenoid valve, etc. is unnecessary, and the inlet 202 does not have a drive valve and is always open.
- the physical foaming agent supplied from the cylinder 100 is held at a constant pressure of the physical foaming agent from the pressure reducing valve 151 to the starvation zone 23 in the plasticizing cylinder 210 through the introduction rate adjusting container 300. Ru.
- the physical blowing agent inlet 202 has a larger inner diameter than the physical blowing agent inlet of the conventional manufacturing apparatus.
- the reason why the inner diameter of the inlet 202 can be increased as described above is because the amount of molten resin in the starvation zone 23 to which the inlet 202 faces during molding is smaller than that of the conventional manufacturing apparatus. Therefore, even a relatively low pressure physical blowing agent can be efficiently introduced into the plasticizing cylinder 210. Further, even when a part of the molten resin is in contact with the introduction port 202 and solidified, since the inner diameter is large, it can function as the introduction port without being completely blocked.
- the inner diameter of the plasticizing cylinder 210 is large, that is, when the outer diameter of the plasticizing cylinder is large, the inner diameter of the inlet 202 can be easily increased.
- the inner diameter of the inlet 202 is excessively large, the molten resin stagnates to cause molding defects, and the introduction speed adjustment container 300 connected to the inlet 202 becomes large and the cost of the entire apparatus is increased.
- the inner diameter of the inlet 202 is preferably 20% to 100% of the inner diameter of the plasticizing cylinder 210, and more preferably 30% to 80%.
- the inner diameter of the inlet 202 is preferably 3 mm to 150 mm, and more preferably 5 mm to 100 mm.
- the inner diameter of the inlet 202 means the inner diameter of the opening on the inner wall 210 a of the plasticizing cylinder 210.
- the shape of the inlet 202 that is, the shape of the opening on the inner wall 210a of the plasticizing cylinder 210 is not limited to a perfect circle, and may be an ellipse or a polygon. When the shape of the inlet 202 is an ellipse or a polygon, the diameter of a true circle having the same area as the area of the inlet 202 is defined as “the inner diameter of the inlet 202”.
- the introduction speed adjustment container 300 connected to the introduction port 202 has a volume equal to or more than a predetermined value, thereby making the flow velocity of the physical blowing agent introduced into the plasticizing cylinder 210 slower and the physical blowing agent in the introduction rate adjustment container 300 It is possible to secure time for staying.
- the heat of the plasticizing cylinder 210 is conducted to the introduction rate adjusting vessel 300 by being directly connected to the plasticizing cylinder 210 heated by a band heater (not shown) disposed around the introduction rate adjusting vessel 300. Ru.
- the physical foaming agent in the introduction rate adjusting container 300 is heated, and the temperature difference between the physical foaming agent and the molten resin becomes small, and it is suppressed that the temperature of the molten resin contacted by the physical foaming agent is extremely reduced.
- the amount of the physical blowing agent dissolved in the molten resin (the amount of penetration) can be stabilized. That is, the introduction rate adjusting container 300 functions as a buffer container having a function of heating the physical foaming agent.
- the volume of the introduction rate adjusting container 300 is too large, the cost of the entire apparatus increases.
- the volume of the introduction rate adjusting container 300 depends on the amount of molten resin present in the starvation zone 23, but is preferably 5 mL to 20 L, more preferably 10 mL to 2 L, and still more preferably 10 mL to 1 L. By setting the volume of the introduction rate adjustment container 300 in this range, it is possible to secure a time in which the physical foaming agent can stay while considering the cost.
- the physical foaming agent is consumed in the plasticizing cylinder 210 by contacting and penetrating the molten resin.
- the consumed physical blowing agent is introduced from the introduction rate adjusting container 300 into the starvation zone 23. If the volume of the introduction rate adjustment container 300 is too small, the frequency of replacement of the physical blowing agent becomes high, and the temperature of the physical blowing agent becomes unstable. As a result, the supply of the physical blowing agent may become unstable. Therefore, it is preferable that the introduction rate adjusting container 300 has a volume capable of retaining the amount of physical blowing agent consumed in the plasticizing cylinder in 1 to 10 minutes.
- the volume of the introduction rate adjustment container 300 is preferably 0.1 times to 5 times the volume of the starvation zone 23 to which the introduction rate adjustment container 300 is connected, and more preferably 0.5 times to 2 times.
- the volume of the starvation zone 23 is a region where the diameter of the shaft of the screw 20 and the depth of the screw flight are constant in the empty plasticizing cylinder 210 containing no molten resin (23) Means the volume of
- the introduction port 202 is always open, the introduction rate adjustment container 300 and the starvation zone 23 are always maintained at a constant pressure of the physical foaming agent during the production of the foam molded article.
- step S3 in FIG. 1 The state of starvation is determined by the balance between the amount of molten resin fed from the upstream of the starvation zone 23 to the starved zone 23 and the amount of molten resin fed from the starvation zone 23 to the downstream thereof. It becomes.
- the molten resin is put into a starved state in the starvation zone 23 by providing the compression zone 22 in which the pressure is increased by compressing the molten resin upstream of the starvation zone 23.
- the compression zone 22 is provided with a large diameter portion 20A in which the diameter of the shaft of the screw 20 is made larger (thicker) than the plasticizing zone 21 located on the upstream side, and the screw flight is made shallower in stages.
- a seal 26 is provided adjacent to the downstream side of 20A. In the seal portion 26, the diameter of the shaft of the screw 20 is large (thick) as in the large diameter portion 20A, and further, no screw flight is provided, and a plurality of shallow grooves are formed on the shaft of the screw 20 instead of the screw flight. It is done.
- the large diameter portion 20A and the seal portion 26 can reduce the clearance between the inner wall of the plasticizing cylinder 210 and the screw 20 and reduce the resin supply amount sent downstream, the molten resin Flow resistance can be increased. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the large diameter portion 20A and the seal portion 26 are mechanisms that increase the flow resistance of the molten resin.
- the seal portion 26 also has the effect of suppressing the backflow of the physical foaming agent, that is, the movement of the physical foaming agent from the downstream side to the upstream side of the seal portion 26.
- the resin flow rate supplied from the compression zone 22 to the starvation zone 23 is reduced due to the presence of the large diameter portion 20A and the seal portion 26, and the molten resin is compressed in the upstream compression zone 22 to increase the pressure, and the starvation on the downstream side.
- the molten resin becomes unfilled (starved).
- the screw 20 has a smaller diameter shaft (thin) in the portion located in the starvation zone 23 and a deeper screw flight as compared with the portion located in the compression zone 22. Have.
- the screw 20 has a smaller (thin) shaft diameter of the portion located there and a deeper screw flight across the starvation zone 23 compared to the portion located in the compression zone 22. Is preferred.
- the diameter of the shaft of the screw 20 and the depth of the screw flight be substantially constant throughout the starvation zone 23.
- the pressure in the starvation zone 23 can be kept substantially constant, and the starvation state of the molten resin can be stabilized.
- the starvation zone 23 is formed in a portion of the screw 20 in which the diameter of the shaft of the screw 20 and the depth of the screw flight are constant.
- the mechanism for increasing the flow resistance of the molten resin provided in the compression zone 22 is a mechanism for temporarily reducing the flow passage area through which the molten resin passes to limit the resin flow rate supplied from the compression zone 22 to the starvation zone 23.
- a mechanism which raises flow resistance other than large diameter part 20A of a screw, and seal part 26 a structure where a screw flight was provided in the opposite direction to other parts, a labyrinth structure provided on a screw, etc. are mentioned.
- the mechanism for enhancing the flow resistance of the molten resin may be provided on the screw as a ring or the like separate from the screw, or may be provided integrally with the screw as a part of the structure of the screw. If the mechanism for enhancing the flow resistance of the molten resin is provided as a ring or the like separate from the screw, the size of the clearance portion, which is the flow path of the molten resin, can be changed by changing the ring. There is an advantage that the size of the flow resistance can be changed.
- a backflow prevention mechanism for preventing the backflow of molten resin from the starvation zone 23 to the compression zone 22 upstream is provided between the starvation zone 23 of the compression zone 22 Also in the starvation zone 23, the molten resin can be starved.
- a sealing mechanism such as a ring, a steel ball or the like that can be moved upstream by the pressure of the physical foaming agent can be mentioned.
- the backflow prevention mechanism requires a drive unit, there is a possibility of resin retention. For this reason, the mechanism which raises the flow resistance which does not have a drive part is more preferable.
- the supply amount of the thermoplastic resin supplied to the plasticizing cylinder 210 may be controlled. If the supply amount of the thermoplastic resin is too large, it is difficult to maintain the starvation state.
- a general-purpose feeder screw 212 is used to control the supply amount of the thermoplastic resin.
- the length of the starvation zone 23 in the flow direction of the molten resin is preferably longer to secure the contact area and contact time between the molten resin and the physical foaming agent, but if too long, the molding cycle and screw length It has the disadvantage of becoming longer. Therefore, the length of the starvation zone 23 is preferably 2 to 12 times the inner diameter of the plasticizing cylinder 210, and more preferably 4 to 10 times. Also, the length of the starvation zone 23 preferably covers the full range of metering strokes in injection molding. That is, the length of the starvation zone 23 in the flow direction of the molten resin is preferably equal to or greater than the length of the measurement stroke in injection molding.
- the screw 20 moves forward and backward along with the plasticizing measurement and injection of the molten resin, but the length of the starvation zone 23 is made equal to or more than the length of the measurement stroke so that it can be always introduced during the production of the foam.
- the mouth 202 can be placed in the starvation zone 23 (formed). In other words, even if the screw 20 moves forward and backward during the production of the foam, no zones other than the starvation zone 23 come to the position of the inlet 202. Thereby, the physical blowing agent introduced from the introduction port 202 is always introduced into the starvation zone 23 during the production of the foam molded article.
- the starvation zone 23 can be easily maintained at a constant pressure.
- the length of the starvation zone 23 is substantially the same as the length of the portion of the screw 20 in which the diameter of the shaft of the screw 20 and the depth of the screw flight are constant.
- a flow velocity adjustment zone 25 may be provided between the compression zone 22 and the starvation zone 23. Comparing the flow rate of the molten resin in the compression zone 22 upstream of the flow rate adjustment zone 25 with the flow rate of the molten resin in the downstream starvation zone 23, the flow rate of the molten resin in the starvation zone 23 is faster.
- the inventors of the present application have provided a flow velocity adjusting zone 25 serving as a buffer zone between the compression zone 22 and the starvation zone 23 to suppress the rapid change (increase) in the flow velocity of the molten resin. It has been found that the foamability of the molded foam is improved.
- the flow velocity adjusting zone 25 serving as a buffer zone between the compression zone 22 and the starvation zone 23, the details of the reason for improving the foamability of the foam molded article are unknown, but the molten resin in the flow velocity adjusting zone 25 It is inferred that the physical foaming agent flowing from the starvation zone 23 and the molten resin are forcedly kneaded due to the stagnation of water, and that the time for which the kneading is prolonged becomes a cause.
- the pressure reducing portion and the pressure portion are provided in the portion of the plasticizing screw 20 shown in FIG. 2 positioned in the flow velocity adjusting zone 25 to change the flow passage area, thereby reducing the pressure of the molten resin and the physical blowing agent.
- the flow velocity of the molten resin is adjusted by providing a notch in the screw flight.
- the depressurizing portion and the compressing portion can be formed, for example, by changing the depth of the screw flight, in other words, by changing the size (thickness) of the screw diameter.
- Step S4 the starved molten resin is brought into contact with the physical foaming agent at a constant pressure while maintaining the starvation zone 23 at a constant pressure (FIG. 1). Step S4). That is, in the starvation zone 23, the molten resin is pressurized with a physical blowing agent at a constant pressure. Since the starvation zone 23 is unfilled (starved) of the molten resin and there is a space where the physical foaming agent can exist, the physical foaming agent can be brought into contact with the molten resin efficiently. The physical blowing agent in contact with the molten resin penetrates the molten resin and is consumed.
- the physical blowing agent stagnating in the introduction rate adjusting container 300 is supplied to the starvation zone 23. Thereby, the pressure in the starvation zone 23 is maintained at a constant pressure, and the molten resin keeps in contact with the physical blowing agent at a constant pressure.
- the amount of dissolution (penetration amount) of the physical blowing agent in the molten resin determined by the temperature and pressure is stabilized.
- the physical foaming agent of the present embodiment is always in contact with the molten resin, a necessary and sufficient amount of the physical foaming agent can penetrate into the molten resin.
- the foam cells are fine despite the use of a low-pressure physical blowing agent as compared with the conventional molding method using a physical blowing agent.
- the manufacturing method of the present embodiment since it is not necessary to control the introduction amount, introduction time and the like of the physical foaming agent, drive valves such as check valves and solenoid valves and a control mechanism for controlling them are not necessary. Equipment cost can be reduced.
- the physical blowing agent used in the present embodiment is lower in pressure than the conventional physical blowing agent, the device load is also small.
- the starvation zone 23 is maintained at a constant pressure all the time during the production of the foam molding in a continuous injection molding cycle. That is, in order to supplement the physical blowing agent consumed in the plasticizing cylinder, all the steps of the method for producing a foam molded article are carried out while continuously supplying the physical blowing agent at the constant pressure. Further, in the present embodiment, for example, when performing injection molding of a plurality of shots continuously, while the injection process, the cooling process of the formed body, and the extraction process of the formed body are performed, the molten resin for the next shot is Prepared in the plasticizing cylinder, the molten resin of the next shot is pressurized with a physical blowing agent at a constant pressure.
- the molten resin and the physical foaming agent at a constant pressure are always present and in contact in the plasticizing cylinder, that is, the molten resin physically foams in the plasticizing cylinder.
- One cycle of injection molding including a plasticizing measurement process, an injection process, a cooling process of a molded body, a removal process and the like is performed in a constantly pressurized state with a constant pressure by the agent.
- the molten resin and a physical blowing agent at a constant pressure are always present and in contact in the plasticizing cylinder, that is, the molten resin in the plasticizing cylinder
- molding is carried out in a state where it is constantly pressurized at a constant pressure by a physical foaming agent.
- a molten resin in contact with a physical foaming agent is molded into a foam molded body (Step S5 in FIG. 1).
- the plasticizing cylinder 210 used in the present embodiment is disposed downstream of the starvation zone 23 adjacent to the starvation zone 23 and has a recompression zone 24 in which the molten resin is compressed to increase the pressure.
- the molten resin in the starvation zone 23 is caused to flow into the recompression zone 24 by the rotation of the plasticizing screw 20.
- the molten resin containing the physical blowing agent is pressure-regulated in the recompression zone 24 and extruded and metered to the front of the plasticizing screw 20.
- the internal pressure of the molten resin extruded to the front of the plasticizing screw 20 is controlled as a screw back pressure by a hydraulic motor or an electric motor (not shown) connected to the rear of the plasticizing screw 20.
- the internal pressure of the molten resin extruded to the front of the plasticizing screw 20, that is, the screw back pressure is uniform dissolution without separating the physical foaming agent from the molten resin and stabilizing the resin density.
- the pressure is controlled to be about 1 to 6 MPa higher than the pressure of the starvation zone 23 kept constant.
- a check ring 50 is provided at the tip of the screw 20 so that the compressed resin in front of the screw 20 does not flow back to the upstream side. Thereby, the pressure in the starvation zone 23 is not affected by the resin pressure in front of the screw 20 at the time of measurement.
- the molded article can be molded by injection foam molding, extrusion foam molding, foam blow molding or the like.
- a measured molten resin is injected and filled into a cavity (not shown) in the mold to carry out injection foam molding.
- injection foam molding a short shot method of filling the mold cavity with bubbles while filling the mold resin with a filling volume of 75% to 95% of the mold cavity volume is filled in the mold cavity.
- a core back method may be used in which the cavity volume is expanded to foam after filling the molten resin with a filling volume of 100% of the mold cavity volume.
- the resulting foam molded article has foam cells inside, shrinkage during cooling of the thermoplastic resin is suppressed to reduce sink marks and warpage, and a molded article with a low specific gravity can be obtained.
- the shape of the foam is not particularly limited. It may be in the form of a sheet or a cylinder by extrusion molding, a complicated shape by injection molding, or the like.
- the manufacturing method of the foaming molding of this embodiment makes the molten resin of a starvation state, and the physical foaming agent of the said fixed pressure contact in the starved zone 23 in the state which maintained the starved zone 23 at fixed pressure. Thereby, the dissolution amount (penetration amount) of the physical blowing agent in the molten resin can be stabilized by a simple mechanism.
- a circuit pattern is formed on the surface of the obtained foam molded body (Step S6 in FIG. 1).
- the method for forming the circuit pattern on the foam molded body is not particularly limited, and a general-purpose method can be used, and for example, it can be formed of a plated film.
- a plated film is first formed on the surface of the foam molded body, and the formed plated film is patterned with a photoresist, and the plated film on portions other than the circuit pattern is removed by etching.
- laser light may be irradiated to a portion where the circuit pattern of the foam molded body is to be formed to roughen the surface or to impart a functional group, and a plating film may be formed only on the portion irradiated with the laser light.
- the circuit pattern may be formed using the methods disclosed in JP-A-2017-31441 and JP-A-2017-160518.
- the catalyst activity blocking layer 61 is formed on the surface of the foam molded body 60 (step S11 in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4A).
- a part of the surface of the foam molded body on which the catalyst activation blocking layer 61 is formed, that is, a part forming a circuit pattern is heated or irradiated with light (Step S12 in FIG. 3).
- a portion where a circuit pattern is to be formed is drawn by laser. The portion 60a irradiated with the laser light is heated to remove the catalytic activity interference layer 61 of the heated portion (FIG. 4 (b)).
- An electroless plating catalyst is applied to the surface of the laser-drawn foam molded body 60 (step S13 in FIG. 3), and then the electroless plating solution is brought into contact (step S14 in FIG. 3).
- the catalytically active blocking layer 61 interferes with the catalytic activity of the electroless plating catalyst applied thereon. For this reason, the formation of the electroless plating film is suppressed on the catalyst activation blocking layer 61.
- the electroless plating film 62 is generated.
- a molded circuit component 600 in which a circuit pattern is formed on the surface of the foam molded body 60 by the electroless plating film 62 is obtained (FIG. 4 (c)).
- the catalytically active interference layer preferably contains, for example, a polymer having at least one of an amide group and an amino group (hereinafter, appropriately described as “amide group / amino group-containing polymer”).
- the amide group / amino group containing polymer acts as a catalyst activity blocking agent that interferes with or reduces the catalytic activity of the electroless plating catalyst.
- the mechanism by which the amide group / amino group-containing polymer interferes with the catalytic activity of the electroless plating catalyst is not clear, the amide group and the amino group are adsorbed, coordinated, reacted, etc. on the electroless plating catalyst, whereby It is assumed that the plating catalyst can not act as a catalyst.
- the amide group / amino group-containing polymer any may be used, but from the viewpoint of preventing the catalytic activity of the electroless plating catalyst, a polymer having an amide group is preferable, and a branched polymer having a side chain is preferable.
- the side chain preferably contains at least one of an amide group and an amino group, and more preferably the side chain contains an amide group.
- the branched polymer is preferably a dendritic polymer. Dendritic polymers are polymers composed of molecular structures that frequently repeat regular branching, and are classified into dendrimers and hyperbranched polymers.
- a dendrimer is a spherical polymer with a diameter of several nm, having a regular and completely dendritic structure centered on a core molecule, and a hyperbranched polymer, unlike a dendrimer with a perfect dendritic structure, is not suitable. It is a polymer with perfect dendritic branching.
- hyperbranched polymers are preferred as branched polymers in this embodiment because they are relatively easy to synthesize and inexpensive.
- the laser beam, the electroless plating catalyst and the electroless plating solution used for the laser drawing are not particularly limited, and general-purpose ones can be appropriately selected and used.
- another type of electroless plating film or electrolytic plating film may be further stacked on the electroless plating film.
- the plating film 62 for forming the circuit pattern may be formed planarly on only one surface of the foam molded body 60, over a plurality of surfaces of the foam molded body 60, or on a three-dimensional surface including a spherical surface or the like. It may be formed three-dimensionally along.
- the plating film 62 When the plating film 62 is three-dimensionally formed over a plurality of surfaces of the foam molded body 60 or along a three-dimensional surface including a spherical surface or the like, the plating film 62 acts as a three-dimensional electrical circuit;
- the molded circuit component 600 having the plating film 62 of a predetermined pattern acts as a three-dimensional circuit molded component (MID).
- the molded circuit component 600 manufactured by this embodiment demonstrated above has the catalyst activation interference layer 61 as shown to FIG. 4C, this embodiment is not limited to this.
- the manufacturing method of the present embodiment may further include the step of removing the catalyst activation blocking layer 61 from the surface of the foam molded body 60.
- a method of removing the catalyst active interference layer 61 from the foam molded body 60 there is a method of eluting and removing the amide group / amino group-containing polymer in the washing solution by washing the foam molding 60 with the washing solution.
- the washing solution is not particularly limited as long as it is a liquid that dissolves the amide group / amino group-containing polymer and does not deteriorate the foam molding 60, and it depends on the material of the foam molding 60 and the type of amide group / amino group-containing polymer And can be selected as appropriate.
- the molded circuit component 600 of the present embodiment is lightweight, including a base material which is a foamed molded body 60 containing a thermoplastic resin, and a circuit pattern formed on the base material. Moreover, the inventors of the present application found that a molded circuit component having high heat resistance can be manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present embodiment.
- the super engineering plastic used in the manufacturing method of the present embodiment has a high heat resistance temperature of 150 ° C. or higher.
- foamed molded articles have lower heat resistance compared to solid molded articles (non-foamed molded articles), and foamed molded articles produced using conventional high-pressure physical blowing agents have super engineering plastics as thermoplastic resins.
- the foamed cells expand, causing an adverse effect such as an increase in the thickness of the molded body.
- the molded circuit component obtained in the present embodiment for example, when the molded circuit component is heated and the surface temperature of the molded circuit component is maintained for 5 minutes at 240 ° C. to 260 ° C.
- the rate of change of thickness is ⁇ 2% to 2%, preferably ⁇ 1% to 1%.
- the surface temperature of the molded circuit component is maintained at 200 ° C. to 260 ° C.
- the rate of change in thickness of the molded circuit component due to heating is ⁇ 2. % To 2%, preferably -1% to 1%.
- a molded circuit component having such high heat resistance has little change in shape even when it passes through a reflow furnace for lead-free solder, and blisters and the like do not easily occur.
- the rate of change in thickness of the molded circuit component due to heating is defined by the following equation.
- the heating of the molded circuit component can be performed, for example, by a reflow furnace. (Da-Db) / Db ⁇ 100 (%) Db: Thickness of the molded circuit component before heating Da: Thickness of the molded circuit component after heating
- the high heat resistance of the molded circuit component of the present embodiment uses a super engineering plastic as a thermoplastic resin, and the constant pressure of the physical foaming agent to be brought into contact with the starved molten resin is, for example, within a specific range of 0.5 MPa to 12 MPa. It is presumed that it will be brought about by In foam molding using a conventional supercritical fluid or the like, a physical blowing agent having a high pressure of 15 to 20 MPa on average is used.
- the production method of this embodiment is different from conventional foam molding in that a physical blowing agent having a relatively low pressure and a constant pressure is brought into contact with a molten resin.
- the inventors of the present application improve the heat resistance of the foam molded article by setting the constant pressure of the physical foaming agent to, for example, 12 MPa or less, preferably 10 MPa or less, more preferably 8 MPa or less, still more preferably 6 MPa or less I found out. Furthermore, the appearance defect (swirl mark) can be improved by lowering the constant pressure of the physical blowing agent.
- the lower limit value of the constant pressure of the physical foaming agent is 0.5 MPa or more, preferably 1 MPa or more, and more preferably 2 MPa or more from the viewpoint of permeating the physical foaming agent necessary for foaming into the molten resin.
- the mechanism by which the molded circuit component of this embodiment has high heat resistance is unknown, but a certain pressure (for example, 0.5 MPa or more) of a specific type of thermoplastic resin (super engineering plastic) and a specific range of physical foaming agent In combination with 12 MPa), it is possible that some structural changes different from those of the conventional foam molding, for example, very micro structural changes have occurred in the molded circuit component of the present embodiment. Further, it is presumed that the residual foaming agent in the foam molded body expands upon heating to adversely affect the heat resistance of the foam molded body. For this reason, it is considered that the factor by which the foam molded article of the present embodiment has high heat resistance is simply because the amount of residual foaming agent in the foam molded article is small.
- the residual foaming agent is degassed to some extent from the conventional foam molded body by annealing or the like, the same heat resistance as the foam molded body of the present embodiment can not be obtained. It has been found that blisters and the like occur due to heating. Therefore, it is presumed that the amount of the residual foaming agent is not a main factor of the high heat resistance of the foam molded article of the present embodiment.
- the above consideration is the estimation of the inventors based on the present knowledge, and does not limit the scope of the present invention.
- the constant pressure of the physical foaming agent in the present embodiment is, for example, 0.5 MPa to 12 MPa, but a more preferable range exists depending on the type of super engineering plastic.
- the constant pressure of the physical foaming agent is preferably 2 MPa to 12 MPa, more preferably 2 MPa to 10 MPa, and still more preferably 2 MPa to 8 MPa.
- the super engineering plastic is a liquid crystal polymer (LCP)
- the constant pressure of the physical foaming agent is preferably 1 MPa to 6 MPa.
- the average cell diameter of the foam cells contained therein is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the average cell diameter of the foam cells can be determined, for example, by image analysis of a cross-sectional SEM photograph of the foam molded article.
- the molded circuit component produced in the present embodiment is a foamed molded product in which the thickness of the foam portion in which the foam cells are formed is preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 1 mm or more, and 2 mm It is still more preferable that it is more than.
- the thickness is in the above range, a skin layer having a sufficient thickness can be formed on the molded body.
- the skin layer can suppress the expansion of the foam cell at the time of heating the molded circuit component, thereby further improving the heat resistance of the molded circuit component.
- LCP is used as a super engineering plastic, the contained gas containing a physical foaming agent is unlikely to escape from the LCP foam-molded article.
- the thickness of the foam portion in which the foam cells are formed in the foam molded body may be 3 mm or less, or 2 mm or less, or 1 mm or less It may be Although the rate of change in thickness of the molded circuit component due to heating tends to increase as the thickness of the foamed portion becomes thinner, the molded circuit component manufactured by the manufacturing method of this embodiment has high heat resistance, so the thickness is within the above range. Also in the foamed portion of the above, the rate of change in thickness of the molded circuit component due to heating can be suppressed to -2% to 2%, preferably to -1% to 1%.
- the foam molded body may be further annealed before forming the circuit pattern.
- the foam molded body By heating the foam molded body in the annealing process, it is possible to degas the contained gas containing the physical foaming agent from the foam molded body. Thereby, the expansion of the foam cell due to the expansion of the contained gas is suppressed, and the heat resistance of the molded circuit component is further improved.
- the circuit component 700 shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B and 6 is lightweight, including the base material 10 which is a foam molded body containing a thermoplastic resin, and the circuit pattern 70 formed on the base material 10.
- the circuit component 700 is a plate-like foamed molded body having a density reduction rate of preferably 0.5% to 10%, and a base material having the mounting surface 10a and the back surface 10b facing the mounting surface 10a.
- the base material 10 contains a thermoplastic resin and, preferably, an insulating heat conductive filler, and has a foam cell 11 therein.
- thermoplastic resin it is preferable to use a heat-resistant high-melting thermoplastic resin having solder reflow resistance.
- aromatic polyamides such as 6T nylon (6TPA), 9T nylon (9TPA), 10T nylon (10TPA), 12T nylon (12TPA), MXD6 nylon (MXDPA) and their alloy materials, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherimide (PEI), polyphenylsulfone (PPSU), etc.
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- LCP liquid crystal polymer
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- PEI polyetherimide
- PPSU polyphenylsulfone
- polyphenylene sulfide is preferable as the thermoplastic resin of the present embodiment because it is inexpensive among so-called spar engineering plastics (super engineering plastics).
- thermoplastic resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the mounting component 30 is mounted by soldering. Therefore, the melting point of the thermoplastic resin used for the substrate 10 is preferably 260 ° C. or more, and more preferably 290 ° C. or more so that soldering can be performed.
- low temperature solder is used for mounting of the mounting components 30, it is not this limitation.
- the insulating heat conductive filler is a filler having a thermal conductivity of 1 W / m ⁇ K or more, and conductive heat dissipating materials such as carbon are excluded.
- the insulating heat conductive filler include ceramic powders such as aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, boron nitride, and aluminum nitride, which are inorganic powders with high thermal conductivity.
- a rod-like filler such as wollastonite, or a plate-like filler such as talc or boron nitride may be mixed.
- the insulating heat conductive filler is contained in, for example, 10% by weight to 90% by weight, and preferably 30% by weight to 80% by weight, in the base material 10.
- the circuit component 700 of the present embodiment can obtain sufficient heat dissipation.
- the substrate 10 may further contain a rod-like or needle-like filler such as glass fiber or calcium titanate in order to control its strength.
- the base material 10 may also contain the general purpose various additive added to the resin molding as needed.
- the substrate 10 is a foamed molded article having a density reduction rate of preferably 0.5% to 10%.
- the density reduction rate of the substrate 10 is more preferably 1% to 7%, and still more preferably 4% to 6%.
- the density reduction rate of the foam molded article refers to the density of the solid molded article and the density of the foam molded article with respect to the density of the non-foam molded article (solid molded article) molded using the same material as the foam molded article. It is the rate of difference.
- the specific gravity is smaller as compared to the solid molded article.
- a density reduction rate of 5% of the foam molded body means that the density (95%) of the foam molded body is reduced by 5% with respect to the density (100%) of the solid molded body.
- the circuit pattern 70 is preferably formed by electroless plating because the circuit pattern 70 is formed on the resin base material 10 which is an insulator. Therefore, the circuit pattern 70 may include, for example, an electroless plating film such as an electroless nickel phosphorus plating film, an electroless copper plating film, an electroless nickel plating film, etc., among which the electroless nickel phosphorus plating film may be included. preferable. Another type of electroless plating film or electrolytic plating film may be further stacked on the electroless plating film on the resin substrate 10 to form the circuit pattern 70. The electrical resistance of the circuit pattern 70 can be reduced by increasing the total thickness of the plating film.
- an electroless plating film such as an electroless nickel phosphorus plating film, an electroless copper plating film, an electroless nickel plating film, etc.
- Another type of electroless plating film or electrolytic plating film may be further stacked on the electroless plating film on the resin substrate 10 to form the circuit pattern 70.
- the electrical resistance of the circuit pattern 70 can be reduced
- the circuit pattern 70 preferably includes an electroless copper plating film, an electrolytic copper plating film, an electrolytic nickel plating film, and the like. Also, in order to improve the wettability of the plated film solder, a plated film of gold, silver, tin or the like may be formed on the outermost surface of the circuit pattern 70.
- the wettability of the solder can be improved and corrosion of the circuit pattern can be prevented.
- the mounting surface 10 a is covered with a resist other than the mounting portion 12 to which the mounting component 30 is soldered, and the outermost surface of the circuit pattern formed in the mounting portion 12 You may form a gold plating film only.
- the wettability of the solder is improved by the gold plating film and the corrosion of the circuit pattern is suppressed, and in the portion other than the mounting portion 12, the corrosion of the circuit pattern 70 is suppressed by the inexpensive resist.
- the mounting component 30 is electrically connected to the circuit pattern 70 by the solder 31, generates heat by energization, and becomes a heat generation source.
- Examples of the mounting component 30 include an LED (light emitting diode), a power module, an IC (integrated circuit), a thermal resistance, and the like. In the present embodiment, an LED is used as the mounting component 30.
- the mounting component 30 is mounted on the mounting surface 10 a of the substrate 10.
- the circuit pattern 70 is formed on the surface of the base 10 including the mounting surface 10 a in order to electrically connect to the mounting component 30.
- the distance from the mounting surface 10a to the back surface 10b is preferably 0.1 mm or more. It is more preferable to exceed 5 mm.
- the distance from the mounting surface 10a to the back surface 10b is the distance from the mounting surface 10a of the mounting portion 12 to the back surface 10b in the perpendicular m direction of the mounting surface 10a.
- the thickness d of the mounting part 12 is not constant, it is preferable that the thickness d is fluctuate
- the base material 10 is a plate-like body, and the back surface 10 b is the surface on the opposite side of the mounting surface 10 a.
- the thickness d is also the thickness of the substrate 10.
- the thickness d be smaller.
- the thickness d of the mounting portion 12 is too thin, the flowability of the resin in the mounting portion 12 at the time of molding of the substrate 10 is reduced, and as a result, the moldability is reduced.
- the mechanical strength of the substrate 10 is reduced, making it difficult to stand alone with the substrate 10 alone.
- the substrate 10 can not stand on its own, for example, it is necessary to attach a support member such as a metal plate for supporting the substrate 10 to the back surface 10b of the substrate 10, which increases the cost.
- the thickness d is preferably 0.6 mm or more.
- the upper limit value of the thickness d is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately determined based on the application of the circuit component 700. From the viewpoint of the cost, the thickness d is, for example, 2.5 mm or less.
- the foam molding when the thickness of the foam molding is 0.2 mm or less or 0.5 mm or less, the foam molding is mainly composed of the skin layer, and the core layer is hardly formed inside, and as a result, Foamed cells are difficult to form.
- the thickness d of the mounting portion 12 is 0.2 mm or less or 0.5 mm or less, the heat dissipation to the back surface 10 b is improved by having almost no foam cells inside.
- the thickness d of the mounting portion 12 exceeds 0.5 mm, there is a possibility that the foam cell 11 is present inside the mounting portion 12, and therefore the heat dissipation tends to be reduced.
- the base material 10 of the present embodiment includes the insulating heat conductive filler, a certain degree of heat dissipation can be ensured, and there is also an advantage that the mechanical strength is improved as described above.
- the circuit component 700 of the present embodiment described above can achieve both mass productivity and heat dissipation, as described below.
- the base 10 is a foam. For this reason, even if it is a thermoplastic resin containing an insulating heat conductive filler, the fluidity of molten resin improves by containing a foaming agent at the time of fabrication. Furthermore, the transferability of the mold is improved by the foaming pressure, and the substrate 10 can obtain sufficient dimensional accuracy. As described above, the formability of the base material 10 is improved, so that it is not necessary to perform molding by increasing the holding pressure or the mold clamping pressure, and the generation of burrs is also suppressed. Thereby, the manufacturing cost of the circuit component 700 can be suppressed, and the mass productivity is improved.
- the base material 10 of this embodiment can suppress generation
- the foam cells 11 are mainly present in the core layer 14. For this reason, the surface (mounting surface 10a) of the base 10 on which the mounting component 30 to be a heat source is mounted is less affected by the foam cells 11, and the insulating heat conductive filler is sufficiently oriented in the resin flow direction. Good heat dissipation.
- the base material 10 of this embodiment is a foaming molding, it has solder
- a relatively low pressure physical blowing agent can be used.
- appearance defects do not easily occur during foam molding, and thus the circuit pattern 70 can be easily formed on the surface.
- the base 10 since the base 10 has sufficient heat dissipation performance, it is not necessary to provide a metal heat dissipation member. This can reduce costs.
- the circuit pattern 70 is formed only on one side (mounting surface 10a) of the base material 10 of the plate-like body.
- the present embodiment is not limited to this.
- the substrate 10 is not limited to a plate-like body, and can have an arbitrary shape according to the application of the circuit component 700.
- the circuit pattern 70 may be three-dimensionally formed over a plurality of surfaces of the substrate 10 or along a three-dimensional surface including a spherical surface or the like.
- the circuit component 700 functions as a three-dimensional molded circuit component.
- the circuit component 700 of the present embodiment may have the same heat resistance as the molded circuit component 600 of the first embodiment (see FIG. 4C). . That is, even when the circuit component 700 is heated and the surface temperature of the circuit component 700 is maintained at 240 ° C. to 260 ° C. for 5 minutes, the rate of change in thickness of the circuit component 700 due to heating is ⁇ 2% to 2%. Preferably, it may be -1% to 1%. Further, in the circuit component 700 obtained in the present embodiment, for example, when the surface temperature of the circuit component 700 is maintained at 200 ° C. to 260 ° C. for 3 minutes to 10 minutes, the rate of change in thickness of the circuit component 700 due to heating is ⁇ 2. It may be% to 2%, preferably -1% to 1%. The circuit component having such high heat resistance has little change in shape even when it passes through a reflow furnace for lead-free solder, and blisters and the like do not easily occur.
- a thermoplastic resin containing an insulating heat conductive filler is foam-molded to obtain a foam molded body (base material 10) having a density reduction rate of preferably 0.5% to 10%.
- the base material 10 is preferably foam-molded using a physical blowing agent such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen.
- a physical blowing agent such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen.
- blowing agents include chemical blowing agents and physical blowing agents. It is difficult to foam high melting point resin materials because chemical blowing agents have a low decomposition temperature. It is preferable to use a highly heat-resistant resin having a high melting point as the substrate 10. If a physical blowing agent is used, the base material 10 can be foam-molded using a high melting point resin.
- MuCell registered trademark
- a supercritical fluid or a low-pressure foam molding method eliminating the need for high-pressure equipment proposed by the present inventors (eg, WO 2017/007032) Can be used.
- the pressure of the physical foaming agent introduced into the plasticizing cylinder of the foam injection molding machine, and the filling rate of the resin to the mold By adjusting the ratio etc., the density reduction rate of the foam molded article can be adjusted.
- the pressure of the physical foaming agent introduced into the plasticizing cylinder is, for example, 10 MPa or less, preferably 6 MPa or less, more preferably 2 MPa or less.
- the base 10 is manufactured by the same manufacturing method as the foam molded body 60 of the first embodiment using the manufacturing apparatus (injection molding apparatus) 1000 shown in FIG. 2 used in the first embodiment. It is also good.
- the circuit pattern 70 is formed on the surface including the mounting surface 10 a of the substrate 10.
- the method of forming the circuit pattern 70 is not particularly limited, and a general-purpose method can be used.
- a plating film is formed on the entire mounting surface 10a, patterned on the plating film with a photo resist, and the plating film is removed by etching other than the circuit pattern, laser light is applied to the portion where the circuit pattern is to be formed.
- the method of roughening a base material and forming a plating film only in a laser beam irradiation part etc. are mentioned.
- the circuit pattern 70 may be formed by the same method as the circuit pattern of the first embodiment.
- the circuit pattern 70 is formed by the method described below. First, a catalytically active interference layer is formed on the surface of the substrate 10. Next, a portion of the mounting surface 10a of the substrate 10 on which the catalyst activation blocking layer is formed, that is, a portion on which the electroless plating film is formed, that is, a portion on which the circuit pattern 70 is formed is laser-drawn. Thus, the laser drawing portion 15 is formed on the mounting surface 10a (FIGS. 7A and 7B). An electroless plating catalyst is applied to the surface of the substrate 10 which has been subjected to the laser drawing, and then the electroless plating solution is brought into contact. The catalytically active blocking layer interferes with the catalytic activity of the electroless plating catalyst applied thereon.
- the formation of the electroless plating film is suppressed on the catalyst activation blocking layer.
- an electroless plating film is formed because the catalyst active interference layer is removed.
- the circuit pattern 70 is formed on the laser drawing portion 15 by the electroless plating film (FIGS. 8A and 8B).
- the catalyst activity blocking layer can be formed using a resin (catalyst deactivator) that blocks catalyst activity.
- the catalyst deactivator is preferably a polymer having an amide group and a dithiocarbamate group in the side chain. It is speculated that the side chain amido group and dithiocarbamate group act on the metal ion serving as the electroless plating catalyst to prevent the catalyst function from being exhibited.
- the catalyst deactivating agent is preferably a dendritic polymer such as a dendrimer or a hyperbranched polymer.
- the catalyst deactivator for example, the polymer disclosed in JP-A-2017-160518 can be used, and an interference layer can be formed on the surface of the substrate by the method disclosed in the same patent publication.
- the laser beam and the laser drawing method used for the laser drawing are not particularly limited, and general-purpose laser light and the laser drawing method can be appropriately selected and used.
- the surface of the substrate 10 may be roughened while removing the catalytically active blocking layer (not shown). As a result, the electroless plating catalyst is easily adsorbed to the laser drawing portion 15.
- the electroless plating catalyst is not particularly limited, and a general-purpose catalyst can be appropriately selected and used. Further, as an electroless plating catalyst, for example, a plating catalyst solution containing a metal salt such as palladium chloride disclosed in JP-A-2017-036486 may be used. When a plating catalyst solution containing a metal salt is used as the electroless plating catalyst, a pretreatment liquid that promotes the adsorption of the electroless plating catalyst may be applied to the substrate before applying the plating catalyst solution to the substrate. As the pretreatment liquid, for example, an aqueous solution containing a nitrogen-containing polymer such as polyethyleneimine can be used.
- the electroless plating solution and the electroless plating method are not particularly limited, and a general-purpose electroless plating solution and an electroless plating method can be appropriately selected and used.
- the electroless plating solution contains, for example, a reducing agent such as sodium hypophosphite or formalin.
- a reducing agent such as sodium hypophosphite or formalin.
- an electroless nickel plating solution, an electroless nickel phosphorus plating solution, an electroless copper plating solution, an electroless palladium plating solution, etc. can be used.
- the reduction effect of the electroless plating catalyst metal ion
- electroless nickel plating solution electroless nickel phosphorus plating solution which contains sodium hypophosphite as a reducing agent, and the plating solution is stable.
- electroless nickel plating solution electroless nickel phosphorus plating solution
- electrolytic plating film may be further stacked on the electroless plating film.
- the mounting surface 12 is covered with a resist other than the mounting portion 12 to which the mounting component 30 is soldered, and the mounting portion 12 is formed.
- a gold plating film may be formed only on the outermost surface of the circuit pattern 70 to be formed.
- the circuit pattern of such an aspect can be formed, for example, by the following method. First, a solder resist (for example, manufactured by Sun Ink Co., Ltd.) is applied to the entire surface including the mounting surface 10a on the base material 10 on which the circuit pattern excluding the gold plating film on the outermost surface is formed.
- the resist layer on the mounting surface 10 a of the mounting unit 12 is removed using a laser beam to form an opening, and the circuit pattern is exposed to the opening. Then, a gold plating film is formed only on the outermost surface of the circuit pattern exposed in the opening.
- the mounting component 30 is mounted on the mounting surface 10 a of the base 10 and electrically connected to the circuit pattern 70. Thereby, the circuit component 700 of this embodiment is obtained.
- the mounting method is not particularly limited, and a general-purpose method can be used. For example, a solder reflow method in which the base material 10 on which the mounting component 30 is disposed in a high temperature reflow furnace is passed.
- the mounting component 30 may be soldered to the substrate 10 by a laser soldering method (spot mounting) in which the interface 30 is irradiated for soldering.
- the base material 10 of the circuit component 700 shown in above-mentioned FIG. 5 is a plate-shaped body with constant thickness
- this embodiment is not limited to this.
- the back surface 40b of the base 40 may be provided with a recess 45 partitioned by the side wall 45a and the bottom surface 45b.
- the mounting component 30 is mounted on the mounting surface 40 a corresponding to the bottom surface 45 b.
- the circuit component 400 of this modification is the same as the circuit component 700 shown in FIG. 5 except for the recess 45.
- the core layer in the mounting portion 42 is thinned by providing the concave portion 45 on the back surface 40 b and reducing the thickness d 1 of the mounting portion 42 on which the mounting component 30 is provided.
- the heat conductivity in the thickness direction of the mounting portion 42 is improved, and the heat generated by the mounting component 30 can be easily dissipated to the back surface 40 b.
- the heat dissipation of the circuit component 400 can be further improved.
- the thickness d1 of the mounting portion 42 As a mode in which the thickness d1 of the mounting portion 42 is reduced, a mode in which a recess is provided on the mounting surface 40a can be considered.
- the mounting surface 40 a is provided with the unevenness, the formation of the circuit pattern 70 may be difficult.
- the contrast of the plating film may be difficult to obtain on the surface having irregularities.
- the heat dissipation of the circuit component 400 can be improved without adversely affecting the formation of the circuit pattern 70 on the mounting surface 40 a by providing the unevenness on the back surface 40 b.
- the distance d1 from the mounting surface 40a to the bottom surface 45b is preferably, for example, 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm.
- the distance d1 from the mounting surface 40a to the bottom surface 45b is the distance from the mounting surface 40a to the bottom surface 45b in the perpendicular direction of the mounting surface 40a.
- the distance d1 fluctuates within the above range. By setting the distance d1 within the above range, it is possible to prevent the decrease in the formability and the mechanical strength of the substrate 40 and to improve the heat dissipation of the circuit component 400.
- one mounting component 30 is mounted on the mounting surface 40 a corresponding to the bottom surface 45 b of one recess 45.
- the present embodiment is not limited to this.
- a plurality of mounting components 30 may be mounted on the mounting surface 40 a corresponding to the bottom surface 45 b of one recess 45.
- the area of the bottom surface 45 b may be larger or smaller than the area of the bottom surface of the mounting component 30, and the area of the bottom surface 45 b and the area of the bottom surface of the mounting component 30 may be substantially the same.
- the area of the bottom surface 45b per mounting component 30 disposed on the mounting surface 40a corresponding to the bottom surface 45b is, for example, 4 cm 2 or less, preferably 0.4 cm 2 to 4 cm 2 .
- the thickness d2 of the portion other than the mounting portion 42 of the base material 40 is, for example, 0.6 mm to 2.5 mm from the viewpoint of mechanical strength and cost.
- the recess 45 may be formed simultaneously with the molding of the substrate 40.
- the base material 40 of the present modification can be formed by using a mold having a convex portion corresponding to the concave portion 45 in the mold cavity.
- the circuit component 500 of the present modification As shown in FIG. 10, the back surface 50b of the base 51 is provided with a recess 55 partitioned by the side wall 55a and the bottom surface 55b. Then, the through holes 56 are formed from the mounting surface 50 a of the mounting portion 52 on which the mounting component 30 is mounted to the bottom surface 55 b, and the electroless plating film 71 is formed on the inner wall of the through holes 56. The inside of the through hole 56 of this modification is filled with the electroless plating film 71. The electroless plating film 71 of the through hole 56 is connected to the mounting component 30 via the circuit pattern 70 and the solder 31.
- the circuit component 500 of this modification is the same as the circuit component 400 shown in FIG. 9 except for the through hole 56.
- the through holes 56 filled with the electroless plating film 71 by providing the through holes 56 filled with the electroless plating film 71 inside, the heat generated by the mounted component 30 can be easily dissipated to the back surface 50 b through the electroless plating film 71. Thereby, the heat dissipation of the circuit component 500 can be further improved. Further, by forming the electroless plating film 71 inside the through hole 56, it is possible to suppress a decrease in mechanical strength of the mounting portion 52 in which the through hole 56 is formed.
- the through holes 56 may be formed, for example, by laser processing.
- the electroless plating film 71 in the through hole 56 may be formed simultaneously, for example, when the circuit pattern 70 is formed of the electroless plating film.
- the present embodiment is not limited to this, and the holes provided in the mounting surface 50a do not necessarily have to penetrate to the bottom surface 55b. That is, the non-through holes may be provided instead of the through holes 56.
- a recess may be formed from the mounting surface 50a of the mounting portion 52 toward the bottom surface 55b, and an electroless plating film may be formed on the surface of the recess. . From the viewpoint of forming the electroless plating film, the through holes are preferable because the electroless plating solution easily flows.
- the hole provided on the mounting surface 50a is preferably a concave portion not penetrating to the bottom surface 55b. Even with the recess, the effect of improving the heat dissipation of the circuit component 500 is achieved.
- the depth of the recess from the mounting surface 50 a to the bottom surface 55 b of the mounting portion 52 can be arbitrarily determined as long as it is deeper than the thickness of the electroless plating film forming the circuit pattern. Further, the recess is not limited to the hole extending in the direction perpendicular to the mounting surface 50a, but may be a groove extending on the mounting surface 50a.
- Sample 1-1 A foam molded article was produced, and a circuit pattern was formed on the foam molded article by a plating film to obtain a molded circuit component (Sample 1-1).
- polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) made of polyplastic, gelatin 1130T6
- nitrogen was used as the physical foaming agent.
- the pressure of the physical blowing agent introduced into the starvation zone of the plasticizing cylinder was 1 MPa.
- the manufacturing apparatus 1000 is an injection molding apparatus, and a mold provided with a plasticizing cylinder 210, a cylinder 100 which is a physical foaming agent supply mechanism for supplying a physical foaming agent to the plasticizing cylinder 210, and a mold.
- a clamping unit (not shown) and a control device (not shown) for controlling operation of the plasticizing cylinder 210 and the clamping unit are provided.
- the nozzle tip 29 of the plasticizing cylinder 210 is provided with a shut-off valve 28 which is opened and closed by driving the air cylinder, so that the inside of the plasticizing cylinder 210 can be maintained at high pressure.
- a mold (not shown) is in close contact with the nozzle tip 29 and molten resin is injected and filled from the nozzle tip 29 into a cavity formed by the mold.
- a resin supply hopper 211, a feeder screw 212, and an introduction speed adjustment container 300 are disposed at the resin supply port 201 and the inlet 202, respectively.
- a cylinder 100 is connected to the introduction rate adjustment container 300 by a pipe 154 via a pressure reducing valve 151, a pressure gauge 152, and an open valve 153.
- a sensor 27 for monitoring the pressure in the starvation zone 23 is provided in the starvation zone 23 of the plasticizing cylinder 210.
- the screw 20 is disposed rotatably and back and forth in the plasticizing cylinder 210 in order to promote plasticization and melting of the thermoplastic resin and to measure and inject the molten resin.
- the screw 20 is provided with the seal portion 26 and the large diameter portion 20A of the screw 20 as a mechanism for increasing the flow resistance of the molten resin.
- thermoplastic resin is supplied from the resin supply port 201 into the plasticizing cylinder 210, and the thermoplastic resin is plasticized by a band heater (not shown) to be a molten resin, and the screw 20 rotates forward.
- a band heater not shown
- the molten resin is compressed and the pressure is increased on the upstream side of the seal portion 26, and in the starvation zone 23 downstream of the seal portion 26, the molten resin is It becomes unfilled (famine condition).
- the molten resin fed further downstream is recompressed and metered near the tip of the plasticizing cylinder 210 before injection.
- the plasticizing cylinder 210 the plasticization zone 21 where the thermoplastic resin is plasticized and melted, the compression zone 22 where the molten resin is compressed to increase the pressure, and the flow speed of the molten resin are adjusted sequentially from the upstream side
- a flow velocity adjustment zone 25 a starvation zone 23 in which the molten resin is not filled, and a recompression zone 24 in which the molten resin decompressed in the starvation zone is compressed again are formed.
- the inner diameter of the plasticizing cylinder 210 was 22 mm, and the inner diameter of the inlet 202 was 6 mm. Therefore, the inner diameter of the inlet 202 was about 27% of the inner diameter of the plasticizing cylinder 210.
- the volume of the introduction rate adjustment container 300 was about 80 mL, and the volume of the starvation zone 23 was 110 mL. Therefore, the volume of the introduction rate adjusting container 300 was about 0.7 times the volume of the starvation zone 23.
- a mold having a size of 5 cm ⁇ 5 cm ⁇ 2 mm was used.
- a band heater (not shown) causes the plasticizing zone 21 to be 320 to 300 ° C, the compression zone 22 to be 320 ° C, the flow velocity adjusting zone 25 and the starvation zone 23 to be 300 ° C, and the recompression zone 24 to be 320 Adjusted to ° C.
- resin pellets of thermoplastic resin PPS
- the number of rotations of the feeder screw 212 was set in advance (setting of conditions) by molding a solid molded body (non-foamed molded body), and was determined as the number of rotations at which the resin pellet is starved.
- the starvation supply of the resin pellet means that the resin cylinder or the molten resin does not fill the plasticizing cylinder in the plasticizing zone 21 during the supply of the resin pellet, and the supplied resin pellet or the molten resin thereof To the state in which the flight of the screw 20 is exposed.
- the confirmation of the starvation supply of the resin pellet includes, for example, a method of confirming the presence or absence of the resin pellet or the molten resin on the screw 20 with an infrared sensor or a visualization camera. A transparent window was provided in the used feeder screw 212, and the state of the plasticization zone 21 immediately below the resin supply port 201 was visually confirmed and confirmed through the transparent window.
- the supply amount of molten resin to the starvation zone 23 was limited.
- the molten resin is compressed in the compression zone 22 to increase the pressure, and the molten resin becomes unfilled (starved) in the downstream starvation zone 23.
- the physical blowing agent (nitrogen) introduced from the inlet 202 is present in the space where the molten resin does not exist, and the molten resin is It was pressurized.
- the molten resin was sent to the recompression zone 24 to be recompressed, and as the screw 20 was retracted, one shot of molten resin was measured at the tip of the plasticizing cylinder 210. Thereafter, the shutoff valve 28 was opened, and a molten resin was injected and filled in the cavity so as to have a filling rate of 90% of the volume of the cavity to form a flat foam molded article (short shot method).
- the mold temperature was 150 ° C. After molding, the foam was allowed to cool, and then the foam was removed from the mold. The cooling time was 10 seconds.
- the injection molding of the molded body described above was continuously performed for 20 shots to obtain 20 foam molded bodies.
- the pressure in starvation zone 23 in plasticizing cylinder 210 was constantly measured by pressure sensor 27.
- the pressure in the starvation zone 23 was always constant at 1 MPa.
- the value of the pressure gauge 152 indicating the pressure of nitrogen supplied to the starvation zone 23 was also always 1 MPa during the production of the foam molded article.
- the molten resin was constantly pressurized with nitrogen of 1 MPa in the starvation zone 23 throughout one cycle of injection molding including the plasticizing measurement step, the injection step, the cooling step of the molded body, the removal step and the like. It was confirmed that the molten resin was always pressurized by the nitrogen in the starvation zone 23 during continuous molding of the 20 molded articles.
- a circuit pattern formed of a plating film was formed on the foam molded body by the method described below.
- the hyperbranched polymer represented by the formula (1) (1.3 g, dithiocarbamate group: 4.9 mmol), N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) (1.10 g, 9.8 mmol), ⁇ , ⁇ ′-azo Bisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) (81 mg, 0.49 mmol) and dehydrated tetrahydrofuran (THF) (10 mL) were added to a Schlenk tube and freeze degassed three times. Then, the mixture was reacted by stirring overnight (18 hours) at 70 ° C. using an oil bath, and after completion of the reaction, it was cooled by ice water and diluted appropriately with THF.
- NIPAM N-isopropylacrylamide
- AIBN ⁇ , ⁇ ′-azo Bisisobutyronitrile
- THF dehydrated tetrahydrofuran
- the yield of the hyperbranched polymer represented by the formula (2) was 92%.
- the laser was drawn.
- the line width of the drawing pattern was 0.3 mm, and the minimum distance between adjacent drawing lines was 0.5 mm.
- the laser drawing could remove the catalytically active interference layer in the laser drawing part.
- an electrolytic copper plating film, an electrolytic nickel plating film, and an electrolytic gold plating film were sequentially laminated by 10 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m, and 0.1 ⁇ m on the nickel phosphorus film of the laser drawing portion by a general method to form a circuit pattern.
- Samples 1-2 to 1-10 (molded circuit parts) were produced in the same manner as in 1.
- the pressure in starvation zone 23 in plasticizing cylinder 210 was measured by pressure sensor 27 at all times.
- the pressure in starvation zone 23 was the same constant pressure as the physical blowing agent introduced.
- the value of the pressure gauge 152 indicating the pressure of nitrogen supplied to the starvation zone 23 was also a constant pressure set for each sample at all times during the production of the foam molded article.
- the molten resin is always kept by the nitrogen of constant pressure set for each sample in the starvation zone 23 It was confirmed that the molten resin was always pressurized by the nitrogen in the starvation zone 23 during the continuous molding of the 20 moldings and that it was pressurized.
- Samples 1-1 to 1-10 were evaluated by the method described below. The evaluation results of each sample are shown in Tables 1 and 2 together with the pressure of the physical blowing agent used in the production of the foam molded article of each sample.
- the surface temperature was measured by bringing a thermocouple into contact with the surface of the molded circuit part, and it was confirmed that the maximum temperature reached was 240 ° C to 260 ° C.
- the molded circuit parts were removed from the electric furnace 5 minutes after the surface temperature reached the maximum temperature. The time for leaving the molded circuit component in the electric furnace was about 8 to 9 minutes.
- the thickness of the portion whose thickness was measured before heating was measured again (thickness Da), and the rate of change in thickness of the molded circuit component in the heating test was determined by the following equation. (Da-Db) / Db ⁇ 100 (%)
- Db Thickness of the molded circuit component before heating
- Da Thickness of the molded circuit component after heating
- the samples 1-1 to 1-7 in which the pressure of the physical foaming agent used at the time of production of the foam molded article is 1 to 12 MPa have good foamability of the foam molded article, and the thickness change of the molded circuit component by the heating test Since the rate was small and the surface swelling was also small, it was confirmed that the heat resistance was high. Furthermore, the occurrence of swirl marks was also suppressed. Moreover, the pressure of the physical foaming agent used at the time of manufacture of the foam molded article is 2 to 10 MPa, and the foamability is better, the heat resistance is higher, and the generation of the swirl mark is also more satisfactory. It was less.
- the samples 1-8 and 1-9 in which the pressure of the physical foaming agent used at the time of production of the foam molded body exceeds 12 MPa are compared with the samples 1-1 to 1-7, and the change of the thickness of the molded circuit part by the heating test The rate was large, and the surface blister was also large. From this, it was found that the heat resistance was lower compared to Samples 1-1 to 1-7. In addition, in the samples 1-8 and 1-9, the occurrence of swirl marks was also significant.
- the sample 1 to 10 with a pressure of less than 0.5 MPa of the physical foaming agent used at the time of production of the foam molded article had insufficient foamability of the foam molded article in comparison with the samples 1-1 to 1-7. .
- the pressure of the physical foaming agent (nitrogen) introduced into the starvation zone of the plasticizing cylinder is 0.5 MPa, 1 MPa, 2 MPa, 2 MPa, 4 MPa, respectively, using liquid crystal polymer (LCP) (made by Hori Plastics, Laperos S 135) as thermoplastic resin.
- Samples 2-1 to 2-8 (formed circuit parts) were manufactured in the same manner as sample 1-1 except that the pressure was changed to 6 MPa, 8 MPa, 10 MPa and 0.4 MPa.
- the pressure in starvation zone 23 in plasticizing cylinder 210 was measured by pressure sensor 27 at all times.
- the pressure in starvation zone 23 was the same constant pressure as the physical blowing agent introduced.
- the value of the pressure gauge 152 indicating the pressure of nitrogen supplied to the starvation zone 23 was also a constant pressure set for each sample at all times during the production of the foam molded article.
- the molten resin is always kept by the nitrogen of constant pressure set for each sample in the starvation zone 23 It was confirmed that the molten resin was always pressurized by the nitrogen in the starvation zone 23 during the continuous molding of the 20 moldings and that it was pressurized.
- Samples 2-1 to 2-7 in which the pressure of the physical foaming agent used at the time of production of the foam molded article is 0.5 to 10 MPa, have good foamability, and the rate of change in thickness of the foam molded article by heating test is small. The heat resistance was confirmed to be high. Furthermore, the occurrence of swirl marks was also suppressed. In addition, samples 2-2 to 2-5, in which the pressure of the physical foaming agent used at the time of production of the foam molded article is 1 to 6 MPa, have better foamability, higher heat resistance, and less occurrence of swirl marks.
- the pressure of the physical foaming agent used at the time of production of the foam molded article is 0.5 to 10 MPa
- the circuit component 700 was manufactured using the base material 10 of the plate-shaped body shown in FIG. Further, an LED (light emitting diode) was used as the mounting component 30.
- an LED light emitting diode
- thermoplastic resin containing an insulating heat conductive filler polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) containing aluminum oxide etc. (made by DIC, TZ-2010-A1, thermal conductivity 1 W / m ⁇ K) is used It was.
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- a plate-like (50 mm ⁇ 80 mm ⁇ 2 mm) foam-formed article was formed using pressurized nitrogen as a physical foaming agent. The density reduction rate of the foam was 5% by adjusting the filling amount of the molten resin in the mold.
- the molding conditions were: introduction pressure of physical foaming agent: 2 MPa, resin temperature: 350 ° C., mold temperature: 150 ° C., injection speed: 50 mm / s, clamping pressure: 3 tf, holding pressure: 0 (zero).
- the appearance of the molded foam was observed with an optical microscope.
- the variation width of the thickness of the foamed molded product was within 5 ⁇ m from the part located at the mold gate to the part located at the mold end at the time of molding, and the thickness of the foamed molded product was uniform. Further, no burr having a size that can be confirmed with a microscope was generated in the portion (flow end portion) located at the mold end of the molded body. Furthermore, the cross section of the foam was observed by SEM. In the skin layer ranging from the surface of the molded body to a depth of about 100 ⁇ m, no foam cell could be confirmed. In the core layer in a range deeper than about 100 ⁇ m from the surface of the molded body, fine foam cells having an average cell diameter of about 50 ⁇ m were observed.
- a circuit pattern 70 formed of a plating film was formed on the substrate 10 by the method described below.
- the hyperbranched polymer represented by Formula (2) was synthesize
- the synthesized polymer represented by the formula (2) was dissolved in methyl ethyl ketone to prepare a polymer solution having a polymer concentration of 0.3% by weight.
- the substrate was immersed in the room temperature polymer solution for 5 seconds and then dried in an 85 ° C. dryer for 5 minutes. As a result, a catalytically active interference layer with a film thickness of about 50 nm was formed on the substrate surface.
- the 3D laser marker (made by Keyence, fiber laser, output 50 W) is used to overwrite three times at a processing speed of 800 mm / s, The portion corresponding to the circuit pattern 70 was laser drawn.
- the line width of the drawing pattern was 0.3 mm, and the minimum distance between adjacent drawing lines was 0.5 mm.
- the laser drawing could remove the catalytically active interference layer of the laser drawing portion 15 (see FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b)).
- the surface of the laser drawing portion 15 was roughened, and the filler contained in the substrate 10 was exposed.
- the laser roughening depth was about 50 ⁇ m.
- Pretreatment for catalyst application Water is mixed with polyethyleneimine (PEI) with a weight-average molecular weight of 70,000 (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, 30% by weight solution) and calcium hypophosphite (manufactured by Daido Seiyaku Co., Ltd.).
- the pretreatment liquid was prepared such that the compounding amount (solid content concentration) was 1 g / L and the compounding amount of calcium hypophosphite was 5 g / L.
- the substrate 10 was immersed in the prepared pretreatment liquid at room temperature for 5 minutes.
- the electrolytic copper plating film, the electrolytic nickel plating film, and the electrolytic gold plating film were sequentially laminated on the nickel phosphorus film by 20 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m, and 0.1 ⁇ m, respectively, by a general-purpose method, to form the circuit pattern 70.
- a surface mounting type high brightness LED manufactured by Nichia, NS2W123BT, 3.0 mm ⁇ 2.0 mm ⁇ 0.7 mm height
- Three mounting components (LEDs) 30 and solders 31 were disposed on the mounting surface 10 a of the mounting portion 12 of the base 10 at positions where they can be electrically connected to the circuit pattern 70.
- the average film thickness of the solder was about 20 ⁇ m.
- three mounting components 30 were connected in series.
- the substrate 10 was passed through a reflow furnace (solder reflow).
- the substrate 10 was heated in the reflow furnace, and the maximum reached temperature of the substrate 10 was about 240 ° C., and the time for which the substrate 10 was heated at the maximum reached temperature was about 1 minute.
- the mounting component 30 was mounted on the base 10 by the solder 31 to obtain a circuit component 700 (sample 3-1). In addition, swelling did not generate
- Example 3-2 The circuit shown in FIG. 9 is the same as sample 3-1 except that the substrate 40 (FIG. 9) having a recess 45 formed on the back surface 40b is used instead of the plate-like substrate 10 (FIG. 5) Part 400 was manufactured.
- the appearance of the resulting foam was observed with an optical microscope.
- the mounting portion 52 has a smaller thickness (d1) as compared with the portion other than the mounting portion 52, there was no problem in the filling of the resin.
- the fluctuation range of the thickness of the foamed molded article was within 5 ⁇ m, and the thickness (d2) of the portion other than the mounting portion 52 was uniform.
- no burr having a size that can be confirmed with a microscope was generated in the portion (flow end portion) located at the mold end of the molded body.
- the cross section of the foam was observed by SEM.
- the mounting portion 52 having a small thickness (d1) the number of foam cells inside the core layer was smaller than that in the portion other than the mounting portion 52.
- a circuit pattern 70 is formed on the mounting surface 40 a by the same method as the sample 3-1, the mounting component 30 is mounted, and the circuit component 400 (sample 3-2). Got).
- Sample 3 except for using the substrate 51 (FIG. 10) having the recess 55 and the through hole 56 filled with the electroless plating film 71 in place of the plate-like substrate 10 (FIG. 5)
- the circuit component 500 shown in FIG. 10 was manufactured in the same manner as -1.
- the mounting component 30 was mounted on the mounting surface 50 a by the same method as the sample 3-1 to obtain a circuit component 500 (sample 3-3).
- a circuit component 700 (Sample 3-4) shown in FIG. 5 was manufactured in the same manner as in Sample 3-1 except that the density reduction ratio of the foam molded article as the base material was 0.5%.
- the introduction pressure of the physical foaming agent was 1 MPa, and the filling amount of the molten resin in the mold was adjusted to make the density reduction rate 0.5%. Further, the clamping pressure and the holding pressure were adjusted so that no burr was generated in the molded body.
- the other molding conditions were the same as those of Sample 3-1.
- a circuit component 700 (Sample 3-5) shown in FIG. 5 was manufactured in the same manner as in Sample 3-1 except that the density reduction ratio of the foamed molded product as the base material was 1%.
- the introduction pressure of the physical foaming agent was 1 MPa, and the filling amount of the molten resin in the mold was adjusted to make the density reduction rate 1%. Further, the clamping pressure and the holding pressure were adjusted so that no burr was generated in the molded body.
- the other molding conditions were the same as those of Sample 3-1.
- a circuit component 700 (Sample 3-6) shown in FIG. 5 was manufactured in the same manner as in Sample 3-1 except that the density reduction ratio of the foam molded article as the base material was 7%.
- the introduction pressure of the physical foaming agent was 2 MPa, and the filling amount of the molten resin in the mold was adjusted to make the density reduction rate 7%. Further, the clamping pressure was adjusted so that no burr was generated in the molded body.
- the other molding conditions were the same as those of Sample 3-1.
- a circuit component 700 (Sample 3-7) shown in FIG. 5 was manufactured in the same manner as in Sample 3-1 except that the density reduction ratio of the foam molded article as the base material was 10%.
- the introduction pressure of the physical foaming agent was 2 MPa, and the filling amount of the molten resin in the mold was adjusted to make the density reduction rate 10%. Further, the clamping pressure was adjusted so that no burr was generated in the molded body.
- the other molding conditions were the same as those of Sample 3-1.
- Example 3-8 A circuit component having the same configuration as that of Sample 3-1 was produced except that the base was changed to a non-foamed molded body (solid molded body).
- the appearance of the resulting foam was observed with an optical microscope.
- the variation width of the thickness of the foamed molded product was 10 ⁇ m from the portion located at the mold gate to the portion located at the mold end at the time of molding, which was worse than the variation width 5 ⁇ m of Sample 3-1. Further, a burr having a length of about 50 ⁇ m was generated in the portion corresponding to the mold parting surface of the molded body, and the secondary processing of the deburring was necessary.
- circuit pattern is formed on the mounting surface of the molded body by the same method as the sample 3-1, and the mounting component is mounted to obtain a circuit component (Sample 3-8). I got
- a circuit component 700 (Sample 3-9) shown in FIG. 5 was produced in the same manner as in Sample 3-1 except that the density reduction ratio of the foam molded article as the base material was 15%.
- the introduction pressure of the physical foaming agent was 4 MPa, and the filling amount of the molten resin in the mold was adjusted to make the density reduction rate 15%.
- the other molding conditions were the same as those of Sample 3-1.
- Mass productivity of the base material (molded body) Mass productivity of the base material (molded body) was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria.
- the circuit components of the samples 3-1 to 3-7 were able to keep the temperature of the LED as low as 90 ° C. or less, have high heat dissipation, and also had good mass productivity of molded articles.
- Samples 3-1 to 3-3 in which the shapes of the substrates are different and the other conditions are the same are compared.
- the temperature of the LED is lower in the circuit component 400 (FIG. 9) in which the base material of the sample 3-2 is provided with a recess than in the circuit component 700 of the sample 3-1 (FIG. 5) using the plate base
- the temperature of the LED was lower in the circuit component 500 (FIG. 10) in which the base of the sample 3-3 was provided with the recess and the through hole. That is, the heat dissipation was high in the order of samples 3-3 and 3-2 and 3-1.
- samples 3-1, 3-4 to 3-7 and 3-9 having different density reduction rates of the substrate and the same other conditions are compared.
- the temperatures of the LEDs of Samples 3-1, 3-5 and 3-6 are almost the same as when the non-foamed molded product is used as the substrate (Sample 3-8), and the heat dissipation is equivalent to that of the non-foamed molded product. It could be confirmed that it had sex.
- Sample 3-4 which has a density reduction rate of 0.5%, has a slightly lower mass productivity
- Sample 3-7 which has a density reduction rate of 10%.
- LED temperature was somewhat high.
- the temperature of LED was compared with the sample 3-1, 3-5, and 3-6 in sample 3-9 whose density reduction rate of a base material is 15%. The heat dissipation was lowered.
- Sample 3-9 in which the density reduction rate of the substrate is high, the thermal resistance of the substrate is increased due to the catastrophic effect of the foam cells, so it is presumed that the effect of the insulating heat conductive filler in the substrate is reduced.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention can simplify the device mechanism relating to the physical blowing agent.
- a foam molded article excellent in foamability can be efficiently produced at low cost.
- molded circuit parts having high heat resistance can be manufactured.
- the circuit component (MID) of the present invention can achieve both mass productivity and heat dissipation. For this reason, it can suppress that a circuit component becomes high temperature by heat_generation
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Abstract
Description
図1に示すフローチャートを参照しながら、本実施形態の成形回路部品の製造方法について説明する。本実施形態では、まず、発泡成形体を製造し(図1のステップS1~S5)、発泡成形体の表面に回路パターンを形成して(図1のステップS6)成形回路部品を得る。ここで、「成形回路部品」とは、樹脂成形体の表面に電気回路が形成されている部品を意味する。
まず、本実施形態で用いる発泡成形体を製造する製造装置について説明する。本実施形態では、図2に示す製造装置(射出成形装置)1000を用いて発泡成形体を製造する。製造装置1000は、主に、スクリュ20が内設された可塑化シリンダ210と、物理発泡剤を可塑化シリンダ210に供給する物理発泡剤供給機構であるボンベ100と、金型が設けられた型締めユニット(不図示)と、可塑化シリンダ210及び型締めユニットを動作制御するための制御装置(不図示)を備える。可塑化シリンダ210内において可塑化溶融された溶融樹脂は、図2における右手から左手に向かって流動する。したがって本実施形態の可塑化シリンダ210内部においては、図2における右手を「上流」または「後方」、左手を「下流」または「前方」と定義する。
(1)熱可塑性樹脂の可塑化溶融
まず、可塑化シリンダ210の可塑化ゾーン21において、熱可塑性樹脂を可塑化溶融して溶融樹脂とする(図1のステップS1)。本実施形態では、熱可塑性樹脂として、スーパーエンジニアリングプラスチック(以下、適宜「スーパーエンプラ」と記載する)を用いることが好ましい。一般に、連続使用温度が150℃以上のプラスチックがスーパーエンプラに分類されるため、本願明細書においても、スーパーエンプラの定義はこれに従う。スーパーエンプラの多くは、その分子鎖の中にベンゼン環を含むため、分子鎖が太く強い。環境温度が高温になっても分子は運動し難くなるため、耐熱性に優れる。尚、フッ素樹脂の中には、ベンゼン環構造を有さずとも耐熱性に優れ、スーパーエンプラに分類される樹脂がある。フッ素樹脂は、炭素と結合すると非常に安定するためである。
次に、飢餓ゾーン23に一定圧力の物理発泡剤を導入し、飢餓ゾーン23を前記一定圧力に保持する(図1のステップS2)。
次に、溶融樹脂を飢餓ゾーン23へ流動させ、飢餓ゾーン23において溶融樹脂を飢餓状態とする(図1のステップS3)。飢餓状態は、飢餓ゾーン23の上流から飢餓ゾーン23への溶融樹脂の送り量と、飢餓ゾーン23からその下流への溶融樹脂の送り量とのバランスで決定され、前者の方が少ないと飢餓状態となる。
次に、飢餓ゾーン23を一定圧力に保持した状態で、飢餓ゾーン23において飢餓状態の溶融樹脂と一定圧力の前記物理発泡剤とを接触させる(図1のステップS4)。即ち、飢餓ゾーン23において、溶融樹脂を物理発泡剤により一定圧力で加圧する。飢餓ゾーン23は溶融樹脂が未充満(飢餓状態)であり物理発泡剤が存在できる空間があるため、物理発泡剤と溶融樹脂とを効率的に接触させることができる。溶融樹脂に接触した物理発泡剤は、溶融樹脂に浸透して消費される。物理発泡剤が消費されると、導入速度調整容器300中に滞留している物理発泡剤が飢餓ゾーン23に供給される。これにより、飢餓ゾーン23の圧力は一定圧力に保持され、溶融樹脂は一定圧力の物理発泡剤に接触し続ける。
次に、物理発泡剤を接触させた溶融樹脂を発泡成形体に成形する(図1のステップS5)。本実施形態で用いる可塑化シリンダ210は、飢餓ゾーン23の下流に、飢餓ゾーン23に隣接して配置され、溶融樹脂が圧縮されて圧力が高まる再圧縮ゾーン24を有する。まず、可塑化スクリュ20の回転により、飢餓ゾーン23の溶融樹脂を再圧縮ゾーン24に流動させる。物理発泡剤を含む溶融樹脂は、再圧縮ゾーン24において圧力調整され、可塑化スクリュ20の前方に押し出されて計量される。このとき、可塑化スクリュ20の前方に押し出された溶融樹脂の内圧は、可塑化スクリュ20の後方に接続する油圧モータ又は電動モータ(不図示)により、スクリュ背圧として制御される。本実施形態では、溶融樹脂から物理発泡剤を分離させずに均一相溶させ、樹脂密度を安定化させるため、可塑化スクリュ20の前方に押し出された溶融樹脂の内圧、即ち、スクリュ背圧は、一定に保持されている飢餓ゾーン23の圧力よりも1~6MPa程度高く制御することが好ましい。尚、本実施形態では、スクリュ20前方の圧縮された樹脂が上流側に逆流しないように、スクリュ20の先端にチェックリング50が設けられる。これにより、計量時、飢餓ゾーン23の圧力は、スクリュ20前方の樹脂圧力に影響されない。
次に、得られた発泡成形体の表面に回路パターンを形成する(図1のステップS6)。発泡成形体上に回路パターンを形成する方法は、特に限定されず、汎用の方法を用いることができ、例えば、メッキ膜により形成できる。例えば、まず発泡成形体表面にメッキ膜を形成し、形成したメッキ膜にフォトレジストでパターニングし、エッチングにより回路パターン以外の部分のメッキ膜を除去する方法が挙げられる。また、発泡成形体の回路パターンを形成したい部分にレーザー光を照射して表面を粗化するか又は官能基を付与し、レーザー光照射部分のみにメッキ膜を形成する方法を用いてもよい。また回路パターンは、特開2017‐31441号公報、特開2017-160518号公報に開示される方法を用いて形成してもよい。
本実施形態の成形回路部品600は、熱可塑性樹脂を含む発泡成形体60である基材と、前記基材上に形成されている回路パターンとを含み、軽量である。また、本願の発明者らは、本実施形態の製造方法により、高い耐熱性を有する成形回路部品が製造できることを見出した。本実施形態の製造方法に用いるスーパーエンプラは、常用耐熱温度が150℃以上と高い。しかし、一般に発泡成形体はソリッド成形体(無発泡成形体)と比較して耐熱性が低く、従来の高圧の物理発泡剤を使用して製造した発泡成形体は、熱可塑性樹脂としてスーパーエンプラを用いたとしても、十分な耐熱性を得られない。従来のスーパーエンプラの発泡成形体を用いた成形回路部品は、例えば、リフロー炉を通過させると、発泡セルが膨張し、成形体の厚みが増加する等の弊害が生じる。これに対して、本実施形態で得られる成形回路部品は、例えば、成形回路部品を加熱して、成形回路部品の表面温度を240℃~260℃に5分間維持したとき、加熱による成形回路部品の厚みの変化率が-2%~2%であり、好ましくは-1%~1%である。また、本実施形態で得られる成形回路部品は、例えば、成形回路部品の表面温度を200℃~260℃に3分~10分間維持したとき、加熱による成形回路部品の厚みの変化率が-2%~2%であり、好ましくは-1%~1%である。このような高い耐熱性を有する成形回路部品は、鉛フリーハンダ用のリフロー炉を通過させても形状変化が少なく、膨れ等が発生し難い。
(Da-Db)/Db×100(%)
Db:成形回路部品の加熱前の厚み
Da:成形回路部品の加熱後の厚み
<回路部品>
本実施形態では、図5(a)、(b)及び図6に示す回路部品700について説明する。本実施形態の回路部品700は、熱可塑性樹脂を含む発泡成形体である基材10と、基材10上に形成されている回路パターン70とを含み、軽量である。また、回路部品700は、密度低減率が、好ましくは、0.5%~10%の板状の発泡成形体であり、実装面10aと、実装面10aに対向する背面10bとを有する基材10と、実装面10aを含む基材10の表面に形成されている回路パターン70と、基材10の実装面10a上に実装され、回路パターン70と電気的に接続している実装部品30とを有する。
回路部品700の製造方法について説明する。まず、好ましくは、絶縁性熱伝導フィラーを含む熱可塑性樹脂を発泡成形して、密度低減率が、好ましくは、0.5%~10%の発泡成形体(基材10)を得る。基材10は、二酸化炭素や窒素等の物理発泡剤を用いて発泡成形することが好ましい。発泡剤の種類には、化学発泡剤と物理発泡剤があるが、化学発泡剤は分解温度が低いため高融点の樹脂材料を発泡させることが難しい。基材10には、高融点の耐熱性の高い樹脂を用いることが好ましい。物理発泡剤を用いれば、高融点樹脂を用いて、基材10を発泡成形できる。物理発泡剤を用いた成形法としては、超臨界流体を用いたMuCell(登録商標)や、本発明者らが提案する高圧設備を不要とする低圧発泡成形法(例えば、WO2017/007032号公報に記載)を用いることができる。
次に、図9に示す第2の実施形態の変形例1について説明する。上述の図5に示す回路部品700の基材10は、厚みが一定の板状体であるが、本実施形態は、これに限定されない。例えば、図9に示す本変形例の回路部品400のように、基材40の背面40bに、側壁45aと底面45bにより区画された凹部45を設けてもよい。底面45bに対応する実装面40a上に実装部品30が実装される。本変形例の回路部品400は、凹部45以外の構成は、図5に示す回路部品700と同様である。
次に、図10に示す第2の実施形態の変形例2について説明する。本変形例の回路部品500は、図10に示すように、基材51の背面50bに、側壁55aと底面55bにより区画された凹部55が設けられる。そして、実装部品30が実装される実装部52の実装面50aから底面55bに向かって貫通孔56が形成され、貫通孔56の内壁に無電解メッキ膜71が形成される。本変形例の貫通孔56の内部は、無電解メッキ膜71で充填されている。貫通孔56の無電解メッキ膜71は、回路パターン70及びハンダ31を介して実装部品30に連結する。本変形例の回路部品500は、貫通孔56以外の構成は、図9に示す回路部品400と同様である。
発泡成形体を製造し、発泡成形体上にメッキ膜により回路パターンを形成して成形回路部品(試料1‐1)を得た。発泡成形体の製造において、熱可塑性樹脂としてポリフェニレンサルファイド(PPS)(ポリプラスチック製、ジェラファイド1130T6)を用い、物理発泡剤として窒素を用いた。可塑化シリンダの飢餓ゾーンに導入する物理発泡剤の圧力は1MPaとした。
上述した実施形態で用いた図2に示す製造装置1000を用いて、発泡成形体を製造した。製造装置1000の詳細について説明する。上述のように、製造装置1000は射出成形装置であり、可塑化シリンダ210と、物理発泡剤を可塑化シリンダ210に供給する物理発泡剤供給機構であるボンベ100と、金型が設けられた型締めユニット(不図示)と、可塑化シリンダ210及び型締めユニットを動作制御するための制御装置(不図示)を備える。
ボンベ100として、窒素が14.5MPaで充填された容積47Lの窒素ボンベを用いた。まず、減圧弁151の値を1MPaに設定し、ボンベ100を開放し、減圧弁151、圧力計152、更に導入速度調整容器300を介して、可塑化シリンダ210の導入口202から、飢餓ゾーン23へ1MPaの窒素を供給した。成形体の製造中、ボンベ100は常時、開放した状態とした。
以下に説明する方法により、発泡成形体上にメッキ膜により形成された回路パターンを形成した。
式(1)で表される、市販のハイパーブランチポリマー(日産化学工業製、ハイパーテック HPS-200)にアミド基を導入して、式(2)で表されるハイパーブランチポリマーを合成した。
合成した式(2)で表されるポリマーをメチルエチルケトンに溶解して、ポリマー濃度0.5重量%のポリマー液を調製した。成形した発泡成形体を調製したポリマー液に室温で5秒間ディッピングし、その後、85℃乾燥機中で5分間乾燥した。これにより、発泡成形体表面に触媒活性妨害層を形成した。触媒活性妨害層の膜厚は、約70nmであった。
触媒活性妨害層を形成した発泡成形体の表面に、3Dレーザーマーカ(キーエンス製、ファイバーレーザー、出力50W)を用いて、2000mm/sの加工速度で、回路パターンに対応する部分をレーザー描画した。描画パターンの線幅は0.3mm、隣り合う描画線間の最小距離は0.5mmとした。レーザー描画により、レーザー描画部分の触媒活性妨害層を除去できた。
レーザー描画を行った発泡成形体を30℃の塩化パラジウム溶液(奥野製薬工業製、アクチベータ)に5分浸漬して、無電解メッキ触媒を付与した。無電解メッキ触媒を付与した発泡成形体を水洗し、次に、60℃の無電解ニッケルリンメッキ液(奥野製薬工業製、トップニコロンLPH-L、pH6.5)に10分浸漬させた。発泡成形体上のレーザー描画部に選択的に、ニッケルリン膜(無電解ニッケルリンメッキ膜)が約1μm成長した。
発泡成形体の製造において、可塑化シリンダの飢餓ゾーンに導入する物理発泡剤の圧力をそれぞれ、2MPa、4MPa、6MPa、8MPa、10MPa、12MPa、14MPa、18MPa及び0.4MPaとした以外は試料1‐1と同様の方法により、試料1‐2~1‐10(成形回路部品)を製造した。
試料1‐1~1‐10(成形回路部品)を以下に説明する方法により評価した。各試料の評価結果を各試料の発泡成形体の製造時に用いた物理発泡剤の圧力と共に表1及び表2に示す。
発泡成形体の形状観察及び断面観察を行い、発泡成形体の発泡性を下記評価基準に従って評価した。尚、下記の判断基準でA判定の発泡成形体は、ソリッド成形品と比較して比重が10%程度低下していた。
A:十分に発泡している。
発泡成形体は金型のキャビティを完全に充填しており、発泡成形体内部に形成された発泡セルは微細化している(セル径が約30~50μm程度)。
B:発泡している。
発泡成形体は金型のキャビティを完全に充填してはいないが、キャビティの端部に未充填部分が無い。即ち、溶融樹脂の流動末端がキャビティの端部に達している。発泡成形体内部に形成された発泡セルには、肥大化したもの(セル径が約100~200μm程度)が散見される。
C:成形体の一部のみが発泡している。
金型のキャビティの端部に未充填部分がある。即ち、溶融樹脂の流動末端がキャビティの端部に達していない。発泡成形体の端部近傍(溶融樹脂の流動末端近傍)に形成された発泡セルは肥大化している(セル径が約100~200μm程度)。
上で作製した試料1‐1~1‐10の各20個の成形回路部品から、無作為に各5個を選択した。まず、成形回路部品1個につき、平板の厚みに相当する部分(金型のキャビティの幅2mmに対応する部分)の長さを4ヵ所測定した(厚みDb)。その後、以下に説明する加熱試験を行った。まず、鉛フリーハンダ用リフロー炉を想定して、設定温度250℃に加熱した電気炉内に、成形回路部品を静置した。成形回路部品表面には熱伝対を接触させ表面温度を測定し、最高到達温度が240℃~260℃になることを確認した。表面温度が最高温度に達してから5分後に、成形回路部品を電気炉から取り出した。成形回路部品を電気炉内に静置した時間は、約8~9分であった。成形回路部品を室温まで冷却した後、加熱前に厚みを測定した部分の厚みを再度測定し(厚みDa)、加熱試験による成形回路部品の厚みの変化率を以下の式により求めた。
(Da-Db)/Db×100(%)
Db:成形回路部品の加熱前の厚み
Da:成形回路部品の加熱後の厚み
上述した加熱試験後の成形回路部品の表面を観察し、表面の膨れの有無を下記評価基準に従って評価した。
A:成形回路部品の表面に膨れが無い。
B:成形回路部品の表面の一部に小さな膨れがある(直径1mm未満)。
C:成形回路部品の表面に大きな膨れがある(直径1mm~3mm)。
D:成形回路部品の表面により大きな膨れがある(直径3mm以上)。
加熱試験前の成形回路部品の表面を観察し、発泡成形体表面のスワールマークの有無を下記評価基準に従って評価した。
A:スワールマークが発生していないか、又は非常にわずかに発生している。
B:発泡成形体表面の一部にスワールマークが発生している。
C:発泡成形体表面全体にスワールマークが発生しており、発泡成形体の表面が白く曇っている。
熱可塑性樹脂として液晶ポリマー(LCP)(ホリプラスチック製、ラペロスS135)を用い、可塑化シリンダの飢餓ゾーンに導入する物理発泡剤(窒素)の圧力をそれぞれ、0.5MPa、1MPa、2MPa、4MPa、6MPa、8MPa、10MPa及び0.4MPaとした以外は、試料1‐1と同様の方法により試料2‐1~2‐8(成形回路部品)を製造した。
上で作製した試料2‐1~2‐8(成形回路部品)について、上述した試料1‐1~1‐10と同様の方法により、以下の(1)~(4)の評価を行った。
(1)発泡成形体の発泡性
(2)加熱試験による発泡成形体の厚みの変化率
(3)加熱試験後の表面の膨れ
(4)発泡成形体表面のスワールマーク
図5に示す板状体の基材10を用いて、回路部品700を製造した。また、実装部品30として、LED(発光ダイオード)を用いた。
絶縁性熱伝導フィラーを含む熱可塑性樹脂として、酸化アルミ等を含むポリフェニレンサルファイド(PPS)(DIC製、TZ-2010-A1、熱伝導率1W/m・K)を用いた。成形装置としてWO2017/007032号公報の図2に開示される成形装置を用い、物理発泡剤として加圧窒素を用いて、板状(50mm×80mm×2mm)の発泡成形体を成形した。金型への溶融樹脂の充填量を調整して、発泡体の密度低減率を5%とした。成形条件は、物理発泡剤の導入圧力:2MPa、樹脂温度:350℃、金型温度:150℃、射出速度:50mm/s、型締め圧:3tf、保圧:0(ゼロ)とした。
以下に説明する方法により、基材10上にメッキ膜により形成された回路パターン70を形成した。
基材の表面に、上述の試料1-1の製造で用いた、触媒失活剤である式(2)で表されるハイパーブランチポリマーを含む触媒活性妨害層を形成した。尚、式(2)で表されるハイパーブランチポリマーは、特開2017‐160518号公報に開示される方法により合成した。
触媒活性妨害層を形成した基材10の表面に、3Dレーザーマーカ(キーエンス製、ファイバーレーザー、出力50W)を用いて、800mm/sの加工速度で3回重ね書きを行い、回路パターン70に対応する部分をレーザー描画した。描画パターンの線幅は0.3mm、隣り合う描画線間の最小距離は0.5mmとした。レーザー描画により、レーザー描画部分15(図7(a)及び(b)参照)の触媒活性妨害層を除去できた。また、レーザー描画部分15の表面は粗化され、基材10内に含まれていたフィラーが露出した。レーザーによる粗化深さは、約50μmであった。
水に、重量平均分子量70,000のポリエチレンイミン(PEI)(和光純薬製、30重量%濃度溶液)、次亜リン酸カルシウム(大道製薬製)を混合し、PEIの配合量(固形分濃度)が1g/L、次亜リン酸カルシウムの配合量が5g/Lとなるように前処理液を調製した。調製した室温の前処理液に基材10を5分間浸漬した。
エアバブリングにより撹拌した常温の水に基材を5分間浸漬して洗浄した。
35℃に調整した市販の塩化パラジウム(PdCl2)水溶液(奥野製薬工業製、アクチベータ、塩化パラジウム濃度:150ppm)に基材10を5分間浸漬した。基材を塩化パラジウム水溶液から取り出した後、水洗した。
60℃に調整した無電解ニッケルリンメッキ液(奥野製薬工業製、トップニコロンLPH-L、pH6.5)に、基材10を10分間浸漬した。基材10上のレーザー描画部15にニッケルリン膜(無電解ニッケルリンメッキ膜)が約1μm成長した。
実装部品30として、面実装タイプの高輝度LED(日亜化学製、NS2W123BT、3.0mmx2.0mmx高さ0.7mm)を用いた。基材10の実装部12の実装面10a上において、回路パターン70と電気的に接続可能な位置に3個の実装部品(LED)30及びハンダ31を配置した。ハンダの平均膜厚は約20μmとした。図5(a)に示すように、3個の実装部品30は直列接続した。次に、基材10をリフロー炉に通した(ハンダリフロー)。リフロー炉内で基材10は加熱され、基材10の最高到達温度は約240℃となり、基材10が最高到達温度で加熱された時間は約1分であった。ハンダ31により、実装部品30は基材10に実装され、回路部品700(試料3‐1)を得た。尚、ハンダリフローにより基材10に膨れは発生しなかった。
板状の基材10(図5)に代えて、背面40bに凹部45形成された基材40(図9)を用いた以外は、試料3‐1と同様の方法により、図9に示す回路部品400を製造した。
試料3‐1と同様の材料及び装置を用いて、同様の成形条件で発泡成形体を成形した。但し、金型キャビティ内に、凹部45に対応する、3個の凸部を有する金型を用いて、基材40の成形と同時に凹部45を形成した。発泡成形体は、板状(50mm×80mm×2mm)であり、3個の実装部品(LED)30を実装する実装面40aに対応する背面40bに、側壁45aと底面45bにより区画された凹部45を有する。底面45bの面積は、4mm×4mm=0.16cm2とし、実装面40aから底面45bまでの距離d1は、0.6mmとした。底面45bの面積(0.16cm2)は、実装部品30の底面の面積(3mmx2mm=0.06cm2)より大きく設定した。
試料3‐1と同様の方法により、実装面40a上に回路パターン70を形成し、実装部品30を実装して、回路部品400(試料3‐2)を得た。
板状の基材10(図5)に代えて、凹部55及び内部が無電解メッキ膜71で充填された貫通孔56が形成された基材51(図10)を用いた以外は、試料3‐1と同様の方法により、図10に示す回路部品500を製造した。
試料3‐1と同様の材料及び装置を用いて、同様の成形条件で発泡成形体を成形した。但し、試料3‐2で用いた金型を用いて、背面50bに凹部55が形成された基材51を成形した。貫通孔56を形成する前の基材51は、試料3‐2の基材40と同様である。
試料3‐1と同様の方法により、触媒活性妨害層を形成した後、レーザー描画を行った。レーザー描画の際、配線パターンに対応するレーザー描画部分15(図7(a)及び(b)参照)と共に、実装部52の実装面50aから凹部55の底面55bに向かう貫通孔56をレーザー光により形成した。貫通孔56の直径は0.2mmとし、LED30、1個につき、6個の貫通孔56を形成した。
試料3‐1と同様の方法により、実装面50a上に実装部品30を実装して、回路部品500(試料3‐3)を得た。
基材である発泡成形体の密度低減率を0.5%とした以外は、試料3‐1と同様の方法により、図5に示す回路部品700(試料3‐4)を製造した。基材の成形において、物理発泡剤の導入圧力を1MPaとし、金型への溶融樹脂の充填量を調整して、密度低減率を0.5%とした。また、成形体にバリが発生しないように、型締め圧及び保圧の調整をおこなった。その他の成形条件は、試料3‐1と同様とした。
基材である発泡成形体の密度低減率を1%とした以外は、試料3‐1と同様の方法により、図5に示す回路部品700(試料3‐5)を製造した。基材の成形において、物理発泡剤の導入圧力を1MPaとし、金型への溶融樹脂の充填量を調整して、密度低減率を1%とした。また、成形体にバリが発生しないように、型締め圧及び保圧の調整をおこなった。その他の成形条件は、試料3‐1と同様とした。
基材である発泡成形体の密度低減率を7%とした以外は、試料3‐1と同様の方法により、図5に示す回路部品700(試料3‐6)を製造した。基材の成形において、物理発泡剤の導入圧力を2MPaとし、金型への溶融樹脂の充填量を調整して、密度低減率を7%とした。また、成形体にバリが発生しないように、型締め圧の調整をおこなった。その他の成形条件は、試料3‐1と同様とした。
基材である発泡成形体の密度低減率を10%とした以外は、試料3‐1と同様の方法により、図5に示す回路部品700(試料3‐7)を製造した。基材の成形において、物理発泡剤の導入圧力を2MPaとし、金型への溶融樹脂の充填量を調整して、密度低減率を10%とした。また、成形体にバリが発生しないように、型締め圧の調整をおこなった。その他の成形条件は、試料3‐1と同様とした。
基材を非発泡成形体(ソリッド成形体)とした以外は、試料3‐1と同様の構成の回路部品を製造した。
試料3‐1と同様の材料及び装置を用いて、非発泡成形体を成形した。非発泡成形体を成形するため、可塑化シリンダへの物理発泡剤の導入は行なわなかった。樹脂温度及び金型温度は、試料3‐1と同様とした。但し、試料3‐8では、溶融樹脂の流動性が低いため、射出成形時に保圧を加えないと成形体にヒケが生じる。このため、40MPaの保圧を5秒間加えた。また、成形時に金型が開かないようにするための型締め圧は40tfであった。
試料3‐1と同様の方法により、成形体の実装面上に回路パターンを形成し、実装部品を実装して、回路部品(試料3‐8)を得た。
基材である発泡成形体の密度低減率を15%とした以外は、試料3‐1と同様の方法により、図5に示す回路部品700(試料3‐9)を製造した。基材の成形において、物理発泡剤の導入圧力を4MPaとし、金型への溶融樹脂の充填量を調整して、密度低減率を15%とした。その他の成形条件は、試料3‐1と同様とした。
製造した回路部品(試料3‐1~試料3‐9)について、以下の評価を行った。結果を表4に示す。
製造した各回路部品(試料3‐1~試料3‐9)に電源を接続し、300mAの直流電流を流してLED30を点灯させた。LED30の温度が十分に安定化した30分後、LED30の温度を測定した。LED30の温度は、LED30の背面の電極間に熱電対を固定して測定した。
以下の評価基準に従って、基材(成形体)の量産性を評価した。
○:型締め圧:5tf未満、保圧:10MPa未満の成形条件で成形が可能であり、成形体にバリは発生しなかった。
△:型締め圧:5~10tf、保圧:10~20MPaの成形条件で成形が可能であり、成形体にバリは発生しなかった。
×:型締め圧:35tf以上、保圧:40MPa以上の成形条件で成形が可能であり、成形体にバリが発生した。
21 可塑化ゾーン
22 圧縮ゾーン
23 飢餓ゾーン
24 再圧縮ゾーン
25 流動速度調整ゾーン
26 シール部
27 圧力センサ
100 ボンベ
210 可塑化シリンダ
300 導入速度調整容器
1000 製造装置
10,40,51 基材
70 回路パターン
30 実装部品(LED)
11 発泡セル
700,400,500 回路部品
Claims (18)
- 回路部品であって、
熱可塑性樹脂を含む発泡成形体である基材と、
前記基材上に形成されている回路パターンとを含むことを特徴とする回路部品。 - 前記熱可塑性樹脂は、スーパーエンジニアリングプラスチックを含み、
前記回路部品を加熱して、前記回路部品の表面温度を240℃~260℃に5分間維持したとき、加熱による前記回路部品の厚みの変化率が-2%~2%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の回路部品。 - 前記回路部品は、
前記熱可塑性樹脂と、絶縁性熱伝導フィラーとを含み、密度低減率が0.5%~10%である前記発泡成形体であり、実装面と、前記実装面に対向する背面とを有する前記基材と、
前記実装面を含む前記基材の表面に形成されている前記回路パターンと、
前記基材の実装面に実装され、前記回路パターンと電気的に接続している実装部品とを有し、
前記基材の前記実装部品が実装されている部分において、前記実装面から前記背面までの距離が0.1mm以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の回路部品。 - 前記基材の密度低減率が、1~7%であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の回路部品。
- 前記基材の前記実装部品が実装されている部分において、前記実装面から前記背面までの距離が0.5mmを超えることを特徴とする請求項3又は4に記載の回路部品。
- 前記基材の前記実装部品が実装されている部分において、前記実装面から前記背面までの間に発泡セルを有することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の回路部品。
- 前記背面に、側壁と底面により区画される凹部が形成され、
前記底面に対応する前記実装面上に前記実装部品が実装され、
前記実装面から前記底面までの距離が、0.1mm~1.5mmであることを特徴とする請求項3又は4に記載の回路部品。 - 前記底面に対応する前記実装面上に配置される前記実装部品1個当たりの前記底面の面積が、0.4cm2~4cm2であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の回路部品。
- 前記実装面から前記底面に向かって、非貫通又は貫通の孔が形成されており、前記孔の内壁に無電解メッキ膜が形成されている請求項7又は8に記載の回路部品。
- 前記基材の前記実装部品が実装されている部分において、前記実装面に凹部が形成され、前記凹部の表面に無電解メッキ膜が形成されている請求項7又は8に記載の回路部品。
- 前記回路パターンが、無電解メッキ膜を含む請求項3~10のいずれか一項に記載の回路部品。
- 前記背面に放熱部材が設けられていないことを特徴とする請求項3~11のいずれか一項に記載の回路部品。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂が、スーパーエンジニアリングプラスチックを含む請求項3~12のいずれか一項に記載の回路部品。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂が、スーパーエンジニアリングプラスチックを含み、前記スーパーエンジニアリングプラスチックが、ポリフェニレンサルファイド又は液晶ポリマーを含むことを特徴とする請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の回路部品。
- 熱可塑性樹脂が可塑化溶融されて溶融樹脂となる可塑化ゾーンと、前記溶融樹脂が飢餓状態となる飢餓ゾーンとを有し、前記飢餓ゾーンに物理発泡剤を導入するための導入口が形成された可塑化シリンダを用いて、回路部品を製造する方法であって、
前記可塑化ゾーンにおいて、前記熱可塑性樹脂を可塑化溶融して前記溶融樹脂とすることと、
前記飢餓ゾーンに一定圧力の前記物理発泡剤を含む加圧流体を導入し、前記飢餓ゾーンを前記一定圧力に保持することと、
前記飢餓ゾーンにおいて、前記溶融樹脂を飢餓状態とすることと、
前記飢餓ゾーンを前記一定圧力に保持した状態で、前記飢餓ゾーンにおいて、前記飢餓状態の溶融樹脂と前記一定圧力の物理発泡剤を含む加圧流体とを接触させることと、
前記物理発泡剤を含む加圧流体を接触させた前記溶融樹脂を発泡成形体に成形することと、
前記発泡成形体の表面に回路パターンを形成することとを含み、
前記熱可塑性樹脂がスーパーエンジニアリングプラスチックであり、前記一定圧力が0.5MPa~12MPaであることを特徴とする回路部品の製造方法。 - 前記スーパーエンジニアリングプラスチックが、ポリフェニレンサルファイド又は液晶ポリマーを含むことを特徴とする請求項15に記載の回路部品の製造方法。
- 前記スーパーエンジニアリングプラスチックがポリフェニレンサルファイドを含み、前記一定圧力が2MPa~12MPaであることを特徴とする請求項15に記載の回路部品の製造方法。
- 前記回路パターンが無電解メッキ膜を含んでおり、前記発泡成形体の表面に回路パターンを形成することが、
前記発泡成形体の表面に、アミド基及びアミノ基の少なくとも一方を有するポリマーを含む触媒活性妨害層を形成することと、
前記触媒活性妨害層を形成した前記発泡成形体の表面の一部を加熱又は光照射することと、
加熱又は光照射した前記発泡成形体の表面に無電解メッキ触媒を付与することと、
前記無電解メッキ触媒を付与した前記発泡成形体の表面に無電解メッキ液を接触させ、前記表面の加熱部分又は光照射部分に前記無電解メッキ膜を形成することとを含む請求項15~17のいずれか一項に記載の回路部品の製造方法。
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