WO2019000775A1 - 一种边坡防护的自排水锚索系统及其施工方法 - Google Patents

一种边坡防护的自排水锚索系统及其施工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019000775A1
WO2019000775A1 PCT/CN2017/109457 CN2017109457W WO2019000775A1 WO 2019000775 A1 WO2019000775 A1 WO 2019000775A1 CN 2017109457 W CN2017109457 W CN 2017109457W WO 2019000775 A1 WO2019000775 A1 WO 2019000775A1
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Prior art keywords
water
pipe
slope
drainage
section
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PCT/CN2017/109457
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙红月
范雲鹤
尚岳全
汪磊
徐浩迪
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浙江大学
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Application filed by 浙江大学 filed Critical 浙江大学
Priority to US16/300,956 priority Critical patent/US10550537B2/en
Publication of WO2019000775A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019000775A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a self-drainage anchor cable system for slope protection and a construction method thereof.
  • the invention is suitable for the disposal of slope disasters, and is especially suitable for the protection of slope engineering rich in groundwater.
  • the anchor cable system can reflect the characteristics of active support, it has been widely used.
  • the anchor cable reinforcement technology has entered the active prevention and control in the design from the passive application of accident handling, and has become part of the design content of the slope engineering.
  • the anchor system Due to the pressure grouting, not only the anchoring system is formed, but also the infiltration of the slurry into the gap of the rock and soil also strengthens the rock and soil body, but also Blocking the groundwater seepage channel and reducing the permeability of the rock and soil, which may lead to a large increase in the groundwater level of the slope and cause landslide disaster. If the anchor system can achieve both the reinforcement of the slope and the reduction of the groundwater level of the slope, it can achieve twice the result with half the effort.
  • the invention aims at the deficiencies of the existing anchoring technology, and proposes a self-drainage anchor cable system for slope protection and a construction method thereof.
  • the system has the functions of anchor cable reinforcement and borehole drainage, and realizes one hole multi-purpose.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a self-drainage anchor cable system for slope protection, including a drilled hole, a steel strand, a separation pipe, a water pipe, a water-swellable rubber water stop ring, a drain pipe, The protection tube, cement mortar and outer anchor head are drilled at the designated position of the slope to form a borehole.
  • the depth of the borehole ensures that the anchorage section of the anchor cable is below the potential sliding surface, and the cable body is made according to the designed cable type and structure.
  • the inner anchorage section of the cable is provided with a drainage section above the hole section, one end of the steel strand extends into the bottom of the drilled hole, the other end of the steel strand is connected with the outer anchor head, and the steel stranded jacket isolation tube in the drainage section, the isolation pipe
  • the length of the isolation pipe is larger than the length of the water pipe, and there is a gap between the isolation pipe and the water pipe.
  • the water pipe is covered with a water-swellable rubber waterstop ring at both ends of the pipe, and the water pipe end and the water-swellable rubber water ring Contact, water-expanding rubber water stop ring is provided with a hole, the water inlet of the drain pipe passes through the hole of the water-expanding rubber water stop ring and extends into the gap between the water-permeable pipe and the isolating pipe to reach the bottom of the drainage section, and the drain pipe Out
  • the mouth is embedded in the rock and soil body of the slope to lead to the safety zone below the slope of the borehole.
  • the pipe section buried in the slope body is covered with a protective pipe to prevent the drainage pipe from being compressed and deformed.
  • the cement mortar is filled outside the gap outside the isolation pipe of the drainage section.
  • the drain pipe is composed of one or more PA pipes having a pipe diameter of 4 mm.
  • protection tube and the isolation tube are made of a PC tube.
  • the water permeable pipe adopts an outer woven filter cloth and a perforated bellows with an inner HDPE.
  • the length of the drainage section is 5-10 m, which is determined according to the permeability and water richness of the rock and soil of the slope, the lower limit of the slope with good permeability and poor water solubility, the poor permeability and the water-rich side.
  • the slope should take the upper limit.
  • the bore has a hole diameter of 110 mm or more.
  • the anchor cable provides anchoring force to increase the anti-sliding force of the slope.
  • the groundwater infiltrates into the gap between the seepage pipe and the isolation pipe through the drainage section of the anchor cable, causing the water pressure in the gap to rise.
  • the groundwater in the gap naturally flows from the drain pipe.
  • the outflow and drainage process occur.
  • the siphon drainage and drainage process will cause negative pressure in the gap of the drainage section, so that the groundwater in the slope body will accelerate into the drainage section, drain the slope groundwater, and drain the pipe.
  • the inlet will enter the air, the suction and discharge of the drain will disappear, and the drainage process will end; as the cycle of rainfall infiltration occurs, the drainage process will cycle.
  • the invention adopts a slope disaster control technology combining anchoring and drainage, and the same drilling hole has the functions of anchoring and drainage, thereby realizing a substantial reduction of engineering disposal construction cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a self-drainage anchor cable system of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;
  • drilling 1 steel strand 2, isolation pipe 3, water pipe 4, gap 5, water-expanding rubber water stop ring 6, drain pipe 7, protection pipe 8, cement mortar 9, outer anchor head 10, potential
  • the sliding surface 11 the groundwater level line 12, the slope 13, the inner anchoring section 14, and the drainage section 15.
  • the embodiment provides a self-drainage anchor cable system for slope protection, including a drill hole 1, a steel strand 2, an isolation pipe 3, a water pipe 4, a water-swellable rubber water stop ring 6, and drainage.
  • the tube 7, the protective tube 8, the cement mortar 9 and the outer anchor head 10 are drilled at a designated position of the slope 13 to form a borehole 1, and the depth of the borehole 1 ensures that the anchoring section 14 in the anchor cable is below the potential sliding surface 11, as designed
  • the cable type and structure are made in the cable body, and the drainage section 15 is arranged in the upper section of the inner anchoring section 14 of the anchor cable.
  • the steel strand 2 extends into the bottom of the drilled hole, and the other end of the steel strand 2 and the outer anchor head 10, the steel strand 2 in the drainage section 15 is jacketed with the isolation pipe 3, the isolation pipe 3 is covered with the water pipe 4, the length of the isolation pipe 3 is larger than the length of the water pipe 4, and there is a gap between the isolation pipe 3 and the water pipe 4,
  • the water-swelling rubber waterstop ring 6 is sleeved at both ends of the isolation pipe 3, and the end of the water-permeable pipe 4 is in contact with the water-swelling rubber water-stop ring 6, and there is a gap 5 between the water-permeable pipe 4 and the isolation pipe 3, and the two ends of the isolation pipe 3
  • the sleeve has a water-swellable rubber water stop ring 6, and the water-expanding rubber water-stop ring 6 is provided with a hole, and the water inlet of the drain pipe 7 is swelled by water.
  • the hole of the rubber water stop ring 6 extends into the gap 5 between the water pipe 4 and the isolating pipe 3 to reach the bottom of the drain section 15, and the water outlet of the drain pipe 7 is embedded in the rock mass of the slope to be led to the side of the slope 13.
  • the elevation is lower than the safety zone of the bottom of the hole of the borehole, and the pipe section buried in the slope body is covered with a protection pipe 8 to prevent the drainage pipe 7 from being compressed and deformed, and the outside of the isolation pipe 3 except the drainage section 15 in the borehole 1
  • the cement mortar 8 is filled outside the gap 5 portion.
  • the drain pipe is composed of one or more PA tubes having an inner diameter of 4 mm.
  • the material of the protection tube 8 and the isolation tube 3 is a PC tube.
  • the water permeable pipe 4 may be an outer woven filter cloth or a perforated bellows with an inner HDPE.
  • the length of the drainage section 15 is 5-10 m, which is determined according to the permeability and water enrichment of the rock mass of the slope, the lower limit of the slope with good permeability and poor water-richness, and the slope with poor permeability and good water-rich slope. Take the upper limit.
  • the anchor cable After the installation of the entire system is completed, the anchor cable provides anchoring force to increase the anti-sliding force of the slope.
  • the groundwater infiltrates into the gap between the seepage pipe and the isolation pipe through the drainage section of the anchor cable, causing the water pressure in the gap to rise.
  • the water head of the drain pipe When the water level of the slope rises, the water head of the drain pipe is higher than the hole height of the borehole, the gap
  • the internal groundwater naturally flows out from the drain pipe, naturally starts siphoning, discharges groundwater in the slope body, and limits the rise of the groundwater level on the slope.
  • the construction method of the self-drainage anchor cable system comprises the following steps:
  • the length of the intercepting pipe 4 is the same as the length of the drain section 15, and the length of the intercepting pipe 3 is greater than the length of the drain section 15 by 0.5 m, and the water-swellable rubber waterstop ring 6 is disposed at both ends of the isolating pipe 3, and the outside of the isolating pipe Putting on the water permeable pipe 4, the end of the water permeable pipe 4 is in contact with the water-swellable rubber waterstop ring 6;
  • the protective tube 8 is placed on the outside of the drain pipe 7, so that the drain pipe 7 passes through the hole of the water-swellable rubber water stop ring 6 and enters the gap 5 between the partition pipe 3 and the water-permeable pipe 4, so that the drain pipe 7 advances.
  • the nozzle is at the bottom of the drain section 15;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

一种边坡防护的自排水锚索系统，在锚索的内锚固段（14）以上孔段设置排水段（15），钢绞线（2）的一端伸入到钻孔（1）底部，在排水段（15）中的钢绞线（2）外套隔离管（3），隔离管（3）外套透水管（4），隔离管（3）的长度大于透水管（4）的长度，隔离管（3）和透水管（4）之间具有空隙，隔离管（3）两端套有遇水膨胀橡胶止水环（6），透水管（4）端部与遇水膨胀橡胶止水环（6）接触，遇水膨胀橡胶止水环（6）上设有孔洞，排水管（7）的进水口穿过遇水膨胀橡胶止水环（6）的孔洞伸入到透水管（4）和隔离管（3）之间空隙到达排水段（15）的底部。还提供了一种自排水锚索系统的施工方法。

Description

一种边坡防护的自排水锚索系统及其施工方法 技术领域
本发明属于岩土工程领域，具体涉及一种边坡防护的自排水锚索系统及其施工方法。本发明适用于边坡灾害的处置，尤其适用于地下水丰富的边坡工程防护。
背景技术
由于锚索体系能体现主动支护的特点，因而得到了广泛的应用，锚索加固技术已经由事故处理的被动应用进入到了设计中的主动防治，成为边坡工程设计内容的一部分。在边坡加固工程中使用的锚索类型种类繁多，但基本结构相似，主要包括内锚固段、自由张拉段和外锚固段。在锚索建造过程中，内锚固段和自由张拉段先后都会注浆封填，由于压力注浆，不仅形成锚固体系，浆液入渗到岩土缝隙中也加固了岩土体，但同时也堵塞地下水渗流通道，降低岩土的渗透性，由此可能导致坡体地下水位大幅上升而引起滑坡灾害。如果使锚索系统能够实现既加固边坡又降低坡体地下水位，就能取得事半功倍的效果。
发明内容
本发明针对现有锚固技术的不足，提出一种边坡防护的自排水锚索系统及其施工方法，该系统同时具有锚索加固和钻孔排水两方面的功能，实现一孔多用。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种边坡防护的自排水锚索系统，包括钻孔、钢绞线、隔离管、透水管、遇水膨胀橡胶止水环、排水管、保护管、水泥砂浆和外锚头，在边坡指定位置钻探形成钻孔，钻孔深度保证锚索内锚固段处于潜在滑动面以下，按设计的锚索类型和结构进行索体制作，在锚索的内锚固段以上孔段设置排水段，钢绞线的一端伸入到钻孔底部，钢绞线的另一端与外锚头连接，在排水段中的钢绞线外套隔离管，隔离管外套透水管，隔离管的长度大于透水管的长度，隔离管和透水管之间具有空隙，隔离管两端套有遇水膨胀橡胶止水环，透水管端部与遇水膨胀橡胶止水环接触，遇水膨胀橡胶止水环上设有孔洞，排水管的进水口穿过遇水膨胀橡胶止水环的孔洞伸入到透水管和隔离管之间空隙到达排水段的底部，将排水管的出水口埋置到坡面岩土体中引到边坡下方高程低于钻孔孔底的安全地带，排水管埋在坡体内的管段外部套有保护管，以免排水管受压缩变形，在钻孔内除排水段的隔离管外侧空隙部分外均充填水泥砂浆。
进一步地，所述排水管由1根或多根管径为4mm的PA管组成。
进一步地，所述保护管和隔离管的材质为PC管。
进一步地，所述透水管采用外织滤布、内撑HDPE的打孔波纹管。
进一步地，所述排水段的长度为5～10m，根据边坡岩土体的渗透性和富水性具体确定，渗透性好和富水性差的边坡可取下限，渗透性差和富水性好的边坡应取上限。
进一步地，所述钻孔的孔径为110mm以上。
整个系统安装完成后，锚索提供锚固力，增加边坡的抗滑力。地下水通过锚索的排水段入渗到透水管与隔离管的空隙中，引起空隙内水压力上升，排水管进水口的水头高于钻孔的孔口高程时，空隙内地下水从排水管中自然流出，排水过程发生，随着边坡地下水位下降，虹吸排水排水过程中会引起排水段的空隙内产生负压，使坡体内的地下水加速流向排水段内，排干坡体地下水后，排水管的进水口会进入空气，排水管吸排作用消失，一次排水过程结束；随着降雨入渗的循环发生，排水过程循环进行。
本发明的有益效果主要表现在：
(1)本发明采用一种锚固与排水相结合的边坡灾害治理技术，同一钻孔具有锚固和排水两方面的功能，实现工程处置施工成本的大幅度降低。
(2)排水过程随着降雨的发生循环进行，排水管抽排作用发生周期性的循环变化，实现边坡深部实时性持续排水，解决富水边坡的排水治理问题。
(3)治理过程不涉及大规模土石方开挖，治理工程实施过程操作简单易行。
(4)排水措施的可靠性好，适用性强，排水过程无需动力和经常性的管理维护。
(5)排水过程中，虹吸作用会在排水段内形成负压，迫使围岩地下水快速流向空隙并排出坡外。
(6)间歇性抽吸排水可以带出钻孔内细小土颗粒，防止排水系统发生淤积。
附图说明
图1为本发明自排水锚索系统的整体结构示意图；
图2为图1中A-A断面的剖面图；
图中：钻孔1、钢绞线2、隔离管3、透水管4、空隙5、遇水膨胀橡胶止水环6、排水管7、保护管8、水泥砂浆9、外锚头10、潜在滑动面11、地下水位线12、边坡13、内锚固段14、排水段15。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应该理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种边坡防护的自排水锚索系统，包括钻孔1、钢绞线2、隔离管3、透水管4、遇水膨胀橡胶止水环6、排水管7、保护管8、水泥砂浆9和外锚头10，在边坡13指定位置钻探形成钻孔1，钻孔1深度能保证锚索内锚固段14处于潜在滑动面11以下，按设计的锚索类型和结构进行索体制作，在锚索的内锚固段14以上孔段设置排水段15，钢绞线2的一端伸入到钻孔底部，钢绞线2的另一端与外锚头10连接，在排水段15中的钢绞线2外套隔离管3，隔离管3外套透水管4，隔离管3的长度大于透水管4的长度，隔离管3和透水管4之间具有空隙，隔离管3两端套有遇水膨胀橡胶止水环6，透水管4端部与遇水膨胀橡胶止水环6接触，透水管4和隔离管3之间具有空隙5，隔离管3两端套有遇水膨胀橡胶止水环6，遇水膨胀橡胶止水环6上设有孔洞，排水管7的进水口穿过遇水膨胀橡胶止水环6的孔洞伸入到透水管4和隔离管3之间空隙5到达排水段15的底部，将排水管7的出水口埋置到坡面岩土体中引到边坡13下方高程低于钻孔1孔底的安全地带，排水管7埋在坡体内的管段外部套有保护管8，以免排水管7受压缩变形，在钻孔1内除排水段15的隔离管3外侧空隙5部分外均充填水泥砂浆8。
所述排水管由1根或多根内径为4mm的PA管组成。
所述保护管8和隔离管3的材质为PC管。
所述透水管4可采用外织滤布、内撑HDPE的打孔波纹管。
所述排水段15的长度为5～10m，根据边坡岩土体的渗透性和富水性具体确定，渗透性好和富水性差的边坡可取下限，渗透性差和富水性好的边坡应取上限。
整个系统安装完成后，锚索提供锚固力，增加边坡的抗滑力。地下水通过锚索的排水段入渗到透水管与隔离管的空隙内，引起空隙内水压力上升，当边坡地下水位上升引起排水管进水口水头高于钻孔的孔口高程时，空隙内地下水从排水管中自然流出，自然启动虹吸，排出边坡体内的地下水，限制边坡地下水位上升。
该自排水锚索系统的施工方法包括以下步骤：
(1)通过边坡工程地质条件调查，分析潜在滑动面11的位置和边坡地下水位埋深及需要控制的地下水位线，在边坡适当的位置打设钻孔1进入潜在滑动面11和地下水位线12以下；
(2)根据锚索需要提供的锚固力确定钢绞线2的直径和根数；
(3)截取透水管4的长度与排水段15长度相同，截取隔离管3的长度大于排水段15长度0.5m，隔离管3的两端套有遇水膨胀橡胶止水环6，隔离管外部套上透水管4，透水管4的端部与遇水膨胀橡胶止水环6接触；
(4)制作锚索体，将隔离管3连同透水管4和遇水膨胀橡胶止水环6安装到内锚固段14以上的排水段15中；
(5)在排水管7外部套上保护管8，使排水管7穿过遇水膨胀橡胶止水环6的孔洞进入隔离管3与透水管4间的空隙5中，使排水管7的进水口处于排水段15的底部；
(6)遇水膨胀橡胶止水环6遇水充分膨胀后，向钻孔1内灌注水泥砂浆9，并进行锚索张拉和锁定预应力；
(7)坡体内的地下水位上升引起排水管进水口的水头高度大于钻孔的孔口高程时，地下水就会在水头差的作用下由排水管排出，排水过程发生，随着边坡地下水位下降，虹吸排水作用会引起排水段的空隙内产生负压，使坡体内的地下水加速流向排水段内，排干坡体地下水后，排水管的进水口会进入空气，排水管内吸排作用消失，一次排水过程结束；随着降雨入渗的循环发生，排水过程循环进行。
以上所述的仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等效替换等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种边坡防护的自排水锚索系统，其特征在于，包括钻孔、钢绞线、隔离管、透水管、遇水膨胀橡胶止水环、排水管、保护管、水泥砂浆和外锚头，在边坡钻探形成钻孔，钻孔深度保证锚索内锚固段处于潜在滑动面以下，在锚索的内锚固段以上孔段设置排水段，钢绞线的一端伸入到钻孔底部，钢绞线的另一端与外锚头连接，在排水段中的钢绞线外套隔离管，隔离管外套透水管，隔离管的长度大于透水管的长度，隔离管和透水管之间具有空隙，隔离管两端套有遇水膨胀橡胶止水环，透水管端部与遇水膨胀橡胶止水环接触，遇水膨胀橡胶止水环上设有孔洞，排水管的进水口穿过遇水膨胀橡胶止水环的孔洞伸入到透水管和隔离管之间空隙到达排水段的底部，排水管的出水口放置在边坡下方高程低于钻孔孔底的安全地带，排水管埋在坡体内的管段外部套有保护管，在钻孔内除排水段的隔离管外侧空隙部分外均充填水泥砂浆。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种边坡防护的自排水锚索系统，其特征在于，所述排水管由1根或多根管径为4mm的PA管组成，所述保护管和隔离管的材质为PC管。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种边坡防护的自排水锚索系统，其特征在于，所述透水管采用外织滤布、内撑HDPE的打孔波纹管。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种边坡防护的自排水锚索系统，其特征在于，所述排水段的长度为5～10m，根据边坡岩土体的渗透性和富水性具体确定，渗透性好和富水性差的边坡可取下限，渗透性差和富水性好的边坡可取上限。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种边坡防护的自排水锚索系统，其特征在于，所述钻孔的孔径为110mm以上。
  6. 一种权利要求1-5任一项所述自排水锚索系统的施工方法，其特征在于，包括：
    (1)通过边坡工程地质条件调查，分析潜在滑动面的位置和边坡地下水位埋深及需要控制的地下水位线，在边坡适当的位置打设钻孔进入潜在滑动面和地下水位线以下；
    (2)根据锚索需要提供的锚固力确定钢绞线的直径和根数；
    (3)截取透水管的长度与排水段长度相同，截取隔离管的长度大于排水段长度，隔离管的两端套有遇水膨胀橡胶止水环，隔离管外部套上透水管，透水管端部与遇水膨胀橡胶止水环接触；
    (4)制作锚索体，将隔离管连同透水管和遇水膨胀橡胶止水环安装到内锚固段以上的排水段中；
    (5)在排水管外部套上保护管，使排水管穿过遇水膨胀橡胶止水环的孔洞进入隔离管与透 水管间的空隙中，使排水管的进水口处于排水段的底部；
    (6)遇水膨胀橡胶止水环遇水充分膨胀后，向钻孔内灌注水泥砂浆，并进行锚索张拉和锁定预应力；
    (7)坡体内的地下水位上升引起排水管进水口的水头高度大于钻孔的孔口高程时，地下水就会在水头差的作用下由排水管排出，启动虹吸排水过程，会引起排水段的空隙内产生负压，使坡体内的地下水加速流向排水段内，排干坡体地下水后，排水管的进水口会进入空气，排水管的吸排作用消失，一次排水过程结束；随着降雨入渗的循环发生，排水过程循环进行。
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