WO2019000758A1 - 一种平地移船下水方法 - Google Patents

一种平地移船下水方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019000758A1
WO2019000758A1 PCT/CN2017/108834 CN2017108834W WO2019000758A1 WO 2019000758 A1 WO2019000758 A1 WO 2019000758A1 CN 2017108834 W CN2017108834 W CN 2017108834W WO 2019000758 A1 WO2019000758 A1 WO 2019000758A1
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Prior art keywords
ship
power module
hydraulic
car
trolley
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PCT/CN2017/108834
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张光锋
谭继良
孙振财
郭建杰
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广船国际有限公司
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Publication of WO2019000758A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019000758A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C3/00—Launching or hauling-out by landborne slipways; Slipways
    • B63C3/08—Tracks on slipways

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of ship manufacturing, in particular to a method for launching a flat ship.
  • the method of using a hydraulic drive with a walking drive to move the ship to the water requires higher performance of the hydraulic car, requires a larger number of cars, and has high manufacturing cost and high failure rate.
  • the hydraulic trolley needs to be equipped with supporting trolley tracks on the ground and on the barge for taxiing. It is usually necessary to lay two trolley tracks on the ground and the barge, and place multiple trolleys on each track to support and drive the ship to move. Its infrastructure investment is too large.
  • the use of power module vehicles to launch water requires a large number of sewage tools, especially the weight of the ship's crotch, large line size, small flat bottom area, the need to increase the jacking point of the power module car through the tooling, in order to support the ship's ankle.
  • the purpose is to increase the cost of ship construction, and the tooling has low reuse rate, which is easy to cause waste.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for launching a flat ship by using a hydraulic trolley and a power module car to move the ship, and the power module car provides power to drive the hydraulic car to walk, thereby reducing the capital investment and being applicable to various types of ships. Reduced shipbuilding costs.
  • a trolley track is placed on the ground and the semi-submersible along the length of the ship, and on the trolley track Providing a plurality of hydraulic trolleys at least under the stern and ankle of the vessel without running power;
  • a plurality of power module cars located on both sides of the trolley track are disposed below the middle of the ship;
  • the ship is supported by providing a lifting bracket opposite to the position of the hydraulic trolley under the ship, and the hydraulic trolley lifts the ship by jacking up The bracket lifts the vessel up.
  • the ship is supported by arranging a plurality of docks under the ship, and the space in which the power module car enters is reserved when the dock is arranged.
  • the hydraulic car and the power module car are synchronously descended and unloaded, and the ship passes through the ship lifting bracket and is pre-arranged in the semi-submersible bar
  • the upper dock supports the hydraulic trolley and the power module to return to the ground.
  • the method further comprises:
  • the hydraulic trolley and the power module car automatically detect the jacking load, and determine whether the detected jacking load meets the preset requirement, and automatically adjusts the jacking load when the preset requirement is not met.
  • the hydraulic trolley located below the stern and the stern of the vessel and the power module vehicles located on both sides of the trolley trajectory are arranged in groups, and each set of the hydraulic trolley and each set of the power Module cars are automatically loaded.
  • the power module car is provided with two groups, and each group of the power module cars is symmetrically disposed on two sides of the trolley track.
  • the hull and ankle of the ship have small bearing area and strong structure, and the hydraulic trolley with large bearing capacity per unit area is used as the lifting equipment to avoid a large amount of tooling; while the middle structure of the ship is weak, the bearing area is large, and the unit area is used.
  • the less powerful power module car is used as a jacking device, which is safe, convenient, flexible and low in cost.
  • the invention saves the capital cost of both sides of the trolley track on both the ground and the semi-submersible bar; the partial function of the hydraulic car (without running drive) is omitted, and the car system is simpler. The performance is more reliable and the maintenance is easier. Compared with the existing hydraulic car, the number of cars can be reduced by half, which greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the hydraulic car.
  • the present invention does not need to make any additional auxiliary tooling to increase the jacking point, and the power module car can be jacked up when entering the middle of the ship, which is simple and practical, and the power module car can be used for other hull points.
  • the transportation of sections, ring sections and steel structures fully utilizes equipment resources; the performance of power module vehicles is mature and reliable, and the reliability of ship launching is also improved.
  • the invention can be improved on the basis of the existing sewage mode, and the improvement cost is low and the construction period is fast.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a hydraulic trolley and a power module car disposed under the ship of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a hydraulic trolley and a power module car in the middle of the ship of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a hydraulic trolley of a ship's crotch portion according to the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the hydraulic car of the ship's crotch portion of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the power module car of the present invention as a six-axis modular car
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a four-axis modular vehicle of the power module vehicle of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a method for launching a flat ship moving water.
  • the method for launching a flat ship moving water according to the present invention provides a trolley track 4 along the length of the ship on the ground and the semi-submersible bar, specifically The trolley track 4 is arranged linearly below the middle position of the ship, and then a plurality of hydraulic trolleys 5 are provided on the trolley track 4 at least below the ship's crotch portion 1 and the crotch portion 2 without running power.
  • the middle portion of the ship 3 is also A partial hydraulic cart 5 can be provided.
  • the structure of the hydraulic trolley 5 described above is the same as that of the prior art, and the only difference is that the travel drive is omitted, so the structure will not be described again.
  • a plurality of power module cars 6 located on both sides of the trolley track 4 are disposed below the middle portion 3 of the ship.
  • the power module car 6 of the present embodiment is provided with two groups, and each group of power module cars 6 are symmetrically disposed on the trolley track 4 side.
  • the power module car 6 may be a six-axis module car (shown in FIG. 5) or a four-axis module car (shown in FIG. 6), and may be selected and matched according to requirements.
  • the above six-axis module car and the four-axis module car are all powered.
  • the head 61 is provided with running power by the power head 61.
  • the plurality of hydraulic trolleys 5 located below the stern portion 1 and the stern portion 2 of the vessel are divided into two groups, and the power module trucks 6 on both sides of the trolley rail 4 are divided into two groups.
  • the two sets of hydraulic trolleys 5 and the two sets of power module cars 6 can simultaneously jack up the ship, and then the power module car 6 is driven as a moving boat, and the hydraulic car 5 is driven along the trolley track 4, The ship moves to the semi-submersible barge.
  • the large bearing capacity per unit area can avoid a large amount of tooling, and effectively achieve the lifting of the stern portion 1 and the stern portion 2 of the ship.
  • the present invention only needs to set a trolley track 4, which saves the capital cost; in addition, the travel drive of the existing hydraulic car is omitted, and the hydraulic pressure is further simplified.
  • the structure of the car makes the car system simpler, more reliable, and easier to maintain.
  • the number of cars is reduced by at least half, which greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the hydraulic car 5.
  • the power module car 6 By setting the power module car 6 to lift the middle part 3 of the ship, it has the characteristics of safety, convenience, flexibility and low cost, and the power module car 6 only rises in the middle of the ship 3 compared with the existing power module car launching mode. There is no need to make any additional auxiliary tooling to increase the jacking point to lift the stern 1 and the stern 2 of the ship. It is simple and practical, and the power module car 6 can be used for transportation of other hull sections, ring segments and steel structures. Make full use of equipment resources; power module car 6 performance is mature and reliable, and also improve the reliability of the launching water.
  • the lifting bracket 7 opposite to the position of the hydraulic carriage 5 is fixedly connected under the ship, and the ship is supported by the lifting bracket 7 to perform the lifting in the hydraulic trolley 5 At the time, the hydraulic cart 5 lifts the ship by jacking up the ship support 7.
  • the ship When the power module car 6 is not jacked up, the ship is supported by the dock pier by arranging a plurality of dock piers under the ship, and the space in which the power module car 6 enters needs to be reserved when the dock pier is arranged. When the power module car 6 is running up, the ship is disengaged from the dock.
  • the hydraulic car 5 and the power module car 6 are synchronously descended and unloaded, and at this time, the ship is supported by the ship lifting bracket 7 and the docking pier pre-arranged on the semi-submersible bar, hydraulic pressure
  • the car 5 and the power module car 6 can return to the ground in the same way, and the flat ship is launched.
  • the jacking load of each group of hydraulic trolleys 5 at the stern part 1 and the stern part 2 of the ship and the power module car 6 of the middle part 3 of the ship can be separately calculated and calculated respectively in the stern 1 and the stern part 2 of the ship.
  • the hydraulic cart 5 and the power module cart 6 can The jacking is performed based on the calculated jacking load.
  • Both the hydraulic cart 5 and the power module truck 6 described above have an automatic lifting function for jacking load, which is also provided in the prior art hydraulic cart and power module cart, and therefore the structure for realizing this function will not be described.
  • the hydraulic trolley 5 and the power module truck 6 detect the own jacking load and determine whether the detected jacking load meets the preset requirement, and the hydraulic trolley 5 and the power module truck 6 can automatically adjust the jacking load when the preset requirement is not met. To achieve the best jacking effect.
  • each of the above-mentioned hydraulic trolleys 5 and each group of power module vehicles 6 can realize automatic load sharing, that is, according to different ships, each group of hydraulic trolleys 5 and each group of power module vehicles 6 will bear different total sizes.
  • Load at this time, in order to better realize the working performance of the hydraulic trolley 5 and each group of power module vehicles 6, the hydraulic trolley 5 and each group of power module vehicles 6 have their own load adjustment functions, and load distribution is performed to achieve each group.
  • the load distribution of each of the hydraulic carts 5 in the hydraulic cart 5 and each of the power module carts 6 is more uniform and reasonable, thereby improving the use effect of the hydraulic cart 5 and the power module cart 6.
  • the cost of the car equipment is reduced by 60% compared with the existing hydraulic car launching mode, and the power module vehicle input cost is reduced by more than 60%, and the tooling cost is reduced by 100% compared with the power module car launching mode. %.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)

Abstract

一种平地移船下水方法，在地面和半潜驳上沿船舶长度方向设置一小车轨道（4），并在小车轨道（4）上设置若干至少位于船舶艏部（1）和艉部（2）下方且无行走动力的液压小车（5）；在船舶中部（3）下方设置若干位于小车轨道（4）两侧的动力模块车（6）；通过液压小车（5）和动力模块车（6）同时顶起船舶，由动力模块（6）车作为移船行走驱动，液压小车（5）沿小车轨道（4）从动行走，将船舶移动至半潜驳上。

Description

一种平地移船下水方法 技术领域
本发明涉及船舶制造技术领域，尤其涉及一种平地移船下水方法。
背景技术
目前的平地移船下水方式大多采用带行走驱动的液压小车，部分小型船采用动力模块车下水方式。
其中采用带行走驱动的液压小车移船下水的方式对液压小车性能要求较高，需要的小车数量较多，而且制造成本高、故障率高。另外，液压小车需要在地面上及驳船上设置配套的小车轨道以供滑行，通常需要在地面及驳船上铺设两条小车轨道，在每条轨道上放置多个小车，以支撑并带动船舶移动，其基建投入过大。
采用动力模块车下水的方式需制作大量下水工装，尤其是船舶艏艉部重量集中、线型大、平底面积小，需要通过工装增加动力模块车的顶升点，以达到支撑船舶艏艉部的目的，这就增加了船舶建造成本，而且工装重复利用率低，容易造成浪费。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种平地移船下水方法，同时使用液压小车以及动力模块车来移船，并且由动力模块车提供动力驱动液压小车行走，降低了基建投入，且能够适用各类船舶，降低了船舶建造成本。
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种平地移船下水方法，
在地面和半潜驳上沿船舶长度方向设置一小车轨道，并在所述小车轨道上 设置若干至少位于所述船舶艏部和艉部下方且无行走动力的液压小车；
在所述船舶中部下方设置若干位于所述小车轨道两侧的动力模块车；
通过所述液压小车和所述动力模块车同时顶起船舶，由所述动力模块车作为移船行走驱动，所述液压小车沿所述小车轨道从动行走，将所述船舶移动至所述半潜驳上。
作为优选，在所述液压小车未顶升时，通过在所述船舶下方设置与所述液压小车位置相对的抬船支架，对所述船舶进行支撑，所述液压小车通过顶升所述抬船支架将所述船舶顶起。
作为优选，在所述动力模块车未顶升时，通过在所述船舶下方布置若干坞墩，对所述船舶进行支撑，在布置所述坞墩时预留所述动力模块车进入的空间。
作为优选，在将所述船舶移动至所述半潜驳上后，所述液压小车和所述动力模块车同步下降卸载，所述船舶通过所述抬船支架以及预先布置在所述半潜驳上的坞墩支撑，所述液压小车和所述动力模块车原路返回地面。
作为优选，还包括：
根据所述船舶重量及重心位置，计算所述液压小车以及所述动力模块车的顶升载荷。
作为优选，所述液压小车和所述动力模块车自动检测顶升载荷，并判断检测的顶升载荷是否符合预设要求，在不符合预设要求时自动调整顶升载荷。
作为优选，位于所述船舶艏部和艉部下方的所述液压小车以及位于所述小车轨道两侧的所述动力模块车均成组设置，且每组所述液压小车和每组所述动力模块车均能够自动均载。
作为优选，所述动力模块车设置有两组，每组所述动力模块车均对称设置在所述小车轨道的两侧。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)船舶艏部和艉部承载面积小、结构强，利用单位面积承载能力大的液压小车作为顶升设备，避免了大量的工装；而船舶中部结构弱、承载面积大，利用单位面积承载能力较小的动力模块车作为顶升设备，安全、方便、灵活、成本低。
(2)本发明相对于液压小车下水方式，节省了平地和半潜驳上均需布置两侧小车轨道的基建成本；省去了液压小车部分功能(无行走驱动)，使小车系统更简易、性能更可靠、维护更轻松，相对于现有液压小车下水方试，小车数量也可减少一半，大大降低了液压小车的制造成本。
(3)本发明相对于动力模块车下水方式，无需制作任何额外的辅助工装来增加顶升点，动力模块车进入船舶中部即可顶升，简单实用，且动力模块车可兼用于其他船体分段、环形总段及钢结构等的运输，充分利用了设备资源；动力模块车性能成熟、可靠，也提高了移船下水的可靠性。
(4)本发明可在现有下水方式基础上进行改进，改进成本低、工期快。
附图说明
图1是本发明船舶下方设置液压小车以及动力模块车的示意图；
图2是本发明船舶中部的液压小车以及动力模块车的布置示意图；
图3是本发明船舶艏部的液压小车的布置示意图；
图4是本发明船舶艉部的液压小车的布置示意图；
图5是本发明动力模块车为六轴模块车的示意图；
图6是本发明动力模块车为四轴模块车的示意图。
图中：
1、艏部；2、艉部；3、中部；4、小车轨道；5、液压小车；6、动力模块 车；61、动力头；7、抬船支架。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
本发明提供一种平地移船下水方法，具体的，如图1-4所示，本发明的平地移船下水方法通过在地面和半潜驳上沿船舶长度方向设置一小车轨道4，具体是在船舶中间位置下方直线设置上述小车轨道4，随后在小车轨道4上设置若干至少位于船舶艏部1和艉部2下方且无行走动力的液压小车5，本实施例中，在船舶中部3也可以设置部分液压小车5。上述液压小车5的结构与现有技术相同，区别仅在于省去了行走驱动，故不再对其结构赘述。
在船舶中部3下方设置若干位于小车轨道4两侧的动力模块车6，具体的，本实施例的动力模块车6设置有两组，每组动力模块车6均对称设置在小车轨道4的两侧。上述动力模块车6可以是六轴模块车(图5所示)或四轴模块车(图6所示)，具体可根据需要选择搭配，上述六轴模块车以及四轴模块车均设置有动力头61，由动力头61对其提供行走动力。
本实施例中，将上述位于船舶艏部1和艉部2下方的多个液压小车5分成前后两组，将小车轨道4两侧的动力模块车6分为左右两组，当需要移动船舶至半潜驳上时，可通过上述两组液压小车5和两组动力模块车6同时顶起船舶，随后由动力模块车6作为移船行走驱动，液压小车5沿小车轨道4从动行走，将船舶移动至半潜驳上。
本实施例通过设置液压小车5来顶升船舶艏部1和艉部2，通过其单位面积承载能力大的特点，能够避免大量工装，有效地实现对船舶艏部1和艉部2的顶升，而且相对于现有的液压小车下水方式，本发明只需要设置一条小车轨道4，节省了基建成本；另外省去了现有液压小车的行走驱动，进一步简化了液压小 车的结构，使得小车系统更简易、性能更可靠、维护更轻松，相对于现有液压小车下水方试，小车数量至少减少一半，大大降低了液压小车5的制造成本。
通过设置动力模块车6来顶升船舶中部3，其具有安全、方便、灵活、成本低的特点，而且相较于现有的动力模块车下水方式，动力模块车6只顶升船舶中部3，无需制作任何额外的辅助工装来增加顶升点来顶升船舶艏部1和艉部2，简单实用，且动力模块车6可兼用于其他船体分段、环形总段及钢结构等的运输，充分利用了设备资源；动力模块车6性能成熟、可靠，也提高了移船下水的可靠性。
需要说明的是，在上述液压小车5未顶升时，在船舶下方会固定连接与液压小车5位置相对的抬船支架7，通过抬船支架7对船舶进行支撑，在液压小车5运行顶升时，液压小车5通过顶升抬船支架7将船舶顶起。
在动力模块车6未顶升时，通过在船舶下方布置若干坞墩，通过坞墩对船舶进行支撑，而且在布置坞墩时需要预留动力模块车6进入的空间。当动力模块车6运行顶升时，船舶脱离坞墩。
本实施例中，在将船舶移动至半潜驳上后，液压小车5和动力模块车6同步下降卸载，此时船舶通过抬船支架7以及预先布置在半潜驳上的坞墩支撑，液压小车5和动力模块车6则可原路返回地面，此时完成了平地移船下水。
本实施例中，在通过液压小车5以及动力模块车6顶升之前，需要根据船舶重量及重心位置，计算液压小车5以及动力模块车6的顶升载荷。具体的，可以分别计算船舶艏部1、艉部2处的每组液压小车5以及船舶中部3处的每组动力模块车6的顶升载荷，并分别计算位于船舶艏部1和艉部2处的每个液压小车5的顶升载荷，以及位于船舶中部3的每个动力模块车6的顶升载荷。随后在液压小车5和动力模块车6进行顶升时，液压小车5和动力模块车6能够 根据计算的顶升载荷进行顶升。
上述液压小车5和动力模块车6均具有顶升载荷自动检测功能，该功能现有技术中的液压小车和动力模块车也具备，因此不再对实现该功能的结构进行阐述。液压小车5和动力模块车6通过检测自身的顶升载荷，并判断检测的顶升载荷是否符合预设要求，在不符合预设要求时液压小车5和动力模块车6可自动调整顶升载荷，以实现最佳的顶升效果。
本实施例中，上述每组液压小车5和每组动力模块车6均能够实现自动均载，即根据不同的船舶，每组液压小车5和每组动力模块车6均会承担不同大小的总载荷，此时为了更好的实现液压小车5和每组动力模块车6的工作性能，液压小车5和每组动力模块车6自身具有的载荷调整功能，会进行载荷的分配，以达到每组液压小车5中各个液压小车5和每组动力模块车6中各个动力模块车6承受的载荷分布更加均匀合理，进而提高了液压小车5以及动力模块车6的使用效果。
本发明通过上述平地移船下水方法，相对于现有液压小车下水方式，小车设备成本降低达60％，相对于动力模块车下水方式，动力模块车投入成本降低达60％以上，工装成本减少100％。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为了清楚说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种平地移船下水方法，其特征在于，
    在地面和半潜驳上沿船舶长度方向设置一小车轨道，并在所述小车轨道上设置若干至少位于所述船舶艏部和艉部下方且无行走动力的液压小车；
    在所述船舶中部下方设置若干位于所述小车轨道两侧的动力模块车；
    通过所述液压小车和所述动力模块车同时顶起船舶，由所述动力模块车作为移船行走驱动，所述液压小车沿所述小车轨道从动行走，将所述船舶移动至所述半潜驳上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的平地移船下水方法，其特征在于，在所述液压小车未顶升时，通过在所述船舶下方设置与所述液压小车位置相对的抬船支架，对所述船舶进行支撑，所述液压小车通过顶升所述抬船支架将所述船舶顶起。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的平地移船下水方法，其特征在于，在所述动力模块车未顶升时，通过在所述船舶下方布置若干坞墩，对所述船舶进行支撑，在布置所述坞墩时预留所述动力模块车进入的空间。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的平地移船下水方法，其特征在于，在将所述船舶移动至所述半潜驳上后，所述液压小车和所述动力模块车同步下降卸载，所述船舶通过所述抬船支架以及预先布置在所述半潜驳上的坞墩支撑，所述液压小车和所述动力模块车原路返回地面。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的平地移船下水方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    根据所述船舶重量及重心位置，计算所述液压小车以及所述动力模块车的顶升载荷。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的平地移船下水方法，其特征在于，所述液压小车和所述动力模块车自动检测顶升载荷，并判断检测的顶升载荷是否符合预设要求，在不符合预设要求时自动调整顶升载荷。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的平地移船下水方法，其特征在于，位于所述船舶艏部和艉部下方的所述液压小车以及位于所述小车轨道两侧的所述动力模块车均成组设置，且每组所述液压小车和每组所述动力模块车均能够自动均载。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的平地移船下水方法，其特征在于，所述动力模块车设置有两组，每组所述动力模块车均对称设置在所述小车轨道的两侧。
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