WO2019000639A1 - 一种升降鳍总段建造方法 - Google Patents
一种升降鳍总段建造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019000639A1 WO2019000639A1 PCT/CN2017/100643 CN2017100643W WO2019000639A1 WO 2019000639 A1 WO2019000639 A1 WO 2019000639A1 CN 2017100643 W CN2017100643 W CN 2017100643W WO 2019000639 A1 WO2019000639 A1 WO 2019000639A1
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B71/00—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance
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- the invention belongs to the technical field of ship manufacturing, and in particular relates to a method for constructing a total section of a lifting fin.
- the current advanced scientific research ship will be equipped with a lifting fin with an extension of the outer bottom plate of about 3.1m ⁇ 1.0m ⁇ 7.2m.
- the lifting fins need to be hoisted in position and the outer bottom plate is extended to a maximum length of about 3.1 m for lifting and locking tests to verify the Whether the working position and working status of the device are normal.
- the ship is generally arranged to be built in the ship's berth or dock.
- the height of the dock is about 1.6m, whether it is on the berth or the dock.
- the outer bottom of the ship at the flat bottom is only 1.6m away from the bottom of the dock or the surface of the ship. There are no corresponding specifications for the bottom of the dock and the surface of the ship.
- the 1.6m spacing can not meet the requirements of the maximum extension of the outer bottom plate of the scientific research ship's lifting fins. Therefore, if the lifting fins are installed during the construction stage of the ship platform or the dock, it is impossible to lift and lower. Locking test.
- the lifting and lowering test of the lifting fins is carried out after the ship is fully closed, the test can only be carried out in the final trial phase (ie in the open sea phase) due to the limitation of the water depth at the docking stage.
- the lifting fins are subjected to relevant tests after launching, when there is a problem that needs to be adjusted, since the entire lifting fins are through the sea, the boat must be dragged into the dock to be solved, and the height of the docking pier cannot be solved once. Complete inspection and correction may require multiple access to the docking station to complete the corrective work.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a lifting fin total section, which can complete the installation and related tests of the lifting fin in the assembly stage of the general section, improve the manufacturing precision and the test efficiency, and thereby shorten the construction period of the entire ship.
- a method for constructing a total section of a lifting fin comprising the following steps:
- Step S10 drawing a specific assembly position in the assembly site below the crane, and placing a bottom support frame having a height greater than a maximum length of the lift fin protruding from the outer bottom plate and a side support frame for supporting the two sides of the total section;
- Step S20 hoisting each segment to the bottom support frame and assembling into a total section, wherein the total section is formed with a lifting fin surrounding well, and the corresponding position of the side supporting frame and the total section is fixed;
- Step S30 lifting the lifting fin rail into the lifting fin surrounding well for installation
- Step S40 lifting the lifting fins into position and installing with the lifting fin rails
- Step S50 the lifting fins are lifted and locked and tested, if not, proceed to step S60, if yes, proceed to step S70;
- Step S60 lifting the lifting fins to the outside of the lifting fins, adjusting and correcting the lifting fins and the lifting fin rails, and then proceeding to the step S40;
- Step S70 Lifting the lifting fins to the outside of the lifting fins, and then hanging the total section on the ship's platform for large-scale construction of the ship platform.
- the step S10 specifically includes:
- Step S11 determining the total segment assembly plan, and finding a segment belonging to the lift fin surrounding well according to the drawing;
- Step S12 drawing an assembly position of the total section in an assembly site below the crane, and marking a mounting position of the bottom support frame and the side support frame;
- Step S13 placing the bottom support frame with a height greater than a maximum length of the lifting fin protruding from the outer bottom plate, and leaving a space between the bottom support frame for the lifting test of the lifting fin to pass;
- Step S14 installing the side support frame.
- the step S30 specifically includes the following steps:
- Step S31 assembling a segment with the lifting fin surrounding well to form the total segment with the lifting fin surrounding well;
- Step S32 installing the lifting fin rail into the lifting fin surrounding well.
- the method further includes: drawing a first reference line in the assembled lifting fin surrounding well, and marking the lifting fin guide And forming a second reference line corresponding to the first reference line, and marking the first reference line and the second reference line in a plurality of directions along the height direction of the ship.
- the lifting and locking test of the lifting fin is specifically as follows: the controller controls the lifting fin to descend along the set distance in the lifting fin rail, and starts to rise and fall after descending to the designated position.
- Locking device corresponding to the specified position on the fin and the lifting fin surrounding well perform a locking operation, and verify whether the lifting and lowering operations of the lifting fin meet the requirements at this stage, and repeat the above operation after meeting the requirements until the The lift fins extend completely beyond the lift fins.
- the side support brackets are provided with two groups, wherein one set of the side support brackets is disposed adjacent to the bottom support frame, and the other group is away from the bottom support frame. Settings.
- the top of a set of the side support brackets disposed away from the bottom support frame is higher than the center of gravity of the total section.
- the side support frame includes a first support And the second support, the heights of the first support, the second support, and the bottom support are sequentially decreased.
- a third support is further disposed between the bottom support frame and the first support, and the third support and the second support are respectively located in the total segment Both ends of the length direction, and the height of the third support is smaller than the height of the second support and greater than the height of the bottom support.
- the bottom support frame includes a first gantry, a second gantry, and a third gantry spaced along the length of the total section, wherein the first The space through which the lifting fin lifting test passes is left between the gantry and the second gantry.
- the beneficial effects of the invention are: by installing the lifting fin rail in the general stage of the ship and performing the lifting and locking test on the lifting fin, it is possible to check in advance whether the working position and working state of the lifting fin are normal, and the lifting fin is lowered.
- the method for constructing the lifting fins of the present invention can complete the installation and related tests of the lifting fins in the assembly stage of the general section, improve the manufacturing precision and the test efficiency, shorten the construction period of the entire ship, and is convenient to operate.
- FIG. 1 is a top plan view showing a mounting position of a bottom support frame and a side support frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a first cross-sectional view of the general section of the present invention after being installed with the bottom support frame and the side support frame.
- FIG 3 is a second cross-sectional view of the general section of the present invention after installation of the bottom support frame and the side support frame.
- Figure 4 is a third cross-sectional view of the general section of the present invention after installation with the bottom support frame and the side support frame.
- Figure 5 is a top plan view of the lift fin surrounding of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the lifting fin and the lifting fin guide of the present invention.
- connection In the description of the present invention, the terms “connected”, “connected”, and “fixed” are to be understood broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral, unless otherwise specifically defined and defined. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, which can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction of two elements.
- intermediate medium which can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction of two elements.
- a method for constructing a total section of a lifting fin of the present invention Including the following steps:
- Step S10 drawing a specific assembly position in the assembly site below the crane, placing the bottom support frame 5 having a height greater than the maximum length of the lift fin 2 protruding from the outer bottom plate and the side support frame 6 for supporting the two sides of the total segment 1 In place
- Step S20 hoisting each segment to the bottom support frame 5 to assemble a total segment 1 in which a lifting fin surrounding well 4 is formed, and at the same time, the corresponding position of the side supporting frame 6 and the total segment 1 is formed. fixed;
- Step S30 lifting the lifting fin guide 3 into the lifting fin surrounding well 4 for installation
- Step S40 lifting the lifting fin 2 in position and installing with the lifting fin guide 3;
- Step S50 the lifting fin 2 is lifted and locked test, if it is not, then proceeds to step S60, if it is qualified, proceeds to step S70;
- Step S60 lifting the lifting fin 2 to the outside of the lifting fin well 4, adjusting and correcting the lifting fin 2 and the lifting fin guide 3, and then proceeding to the step S40;
- Step S70 Lifting the lifting fin 2 to the outside of the lifting fin well 4, and then hanging the total section 1 on the ship platform for the large consolidation of the ship platform.
- the lifting fin guide 3 By installing the lifting fin guide 3 in the first stage of the ship and performing the lifting and locking test on the lifting fin 2, it can be checked in advance whether the working position and working state of the lifting fin 2 are normal, and the installation of the lifting fin 2 is lowered. And the difficulty of inspection, and effectively shorten the period of ship construction; by setting the bottom support frame 5 whose height is larger than the maximum length of the outer bottom plate of the lifting fin 2, the assembly and test work of the lifting fin 2 in the first stage of the ship can be realized, At the same time, it is not necessary to dig a pit on the existing platform, which reduces the manufacturing cost, and the side support frame 6 is provided to ensure the safety and assembly precision of the assembly 1 during assembly.
- the method for constructing the lifting fin section 1 of the present invention can complete the construction of the lifting fin 2 and related tests in the assembly stage of the total section 1, improve the manufacturing precision and the test efficiency, shorten the construction period of the entire ship, and is convenient to operate.
- the lifting fin 2 is lifted out of the lifting fin surrounding well 4 in order to reduce the lifting weight of the total section 1, and also to reduce the fixing work during the lifting process.
- the step S10 specifically includes:
- Step S11 determining the assembly plan of the total segment 1, and finding a segment belonging to the lifting fin surrounding well 4 according to the drawing;
- Step S12 Marking the position of the total section 1 in the assembly site below the crane, and marking the installation positions of the bottom support frame 5 and the side support frame 6;
- Step S13 placing the bottom support frame 5 with a height greater than a maximum length of the lift fin 2 protruding from the outer bottom plate, and leaving a space between the bottom support frame 5 for the lifting test of the lift fin 2;
- Step S14 installing the side support frame 6.
- the installation precision of the subsequent lifting fin guides 3 and the lifting fins 2 can be ensured, and the subsequent lifting of the fins surrounding wells is also effectively prevented.
- the total section 1 of 4 affects the accuracy of the lifting fin guide 3 when assembled with the other total section 1; the space that can be passed by the lifting test of the lifting fin 2 on the bottom support frame 5 is to prevent the subsequent lifting fin 2 from proceeding.
- the bottom support frame 5 interferes with the lifting fin 2, thereby affecting the normal lifting and lifting test of the lifting fin 2.
- the step 30 specifically includes the following steps:
- Step S31 assembling the section with the lifting fin surrounding well 4 to form the total section 1 with the lifting fin surrounding well 4;
- Step S32 installing the lifting fin guide 3 into the lifting fin surrounding well 4.
- the method further includes: drawing a first reference line outside the assembled lift fin well 4, and marking, in the lifting a second reference line corresponding to the first reference line is drawn on the fin guide 3, and the first reference line is marked And the second reference line is disposed in a plurality of directions along the height direction of the ship.
- the lifting and locking test of the lifting fin 2 is specifically as follows: the controller controls the lifting fin 2 to descend along the set distance in the lifting fin guide 3, and starts to lift the lifting fin after descending to the designated position.
- the locking device 21 corresponding to the specified position performs a locking operation with the lifting fin surrounding well 4 to verify whether the lowering and locking operations of the lifting fin 2 meet the requirements at this stage, and the above operation is repeated after meeting the requirements. Until the lifting fin 2 fully protrudes out of the lifting fin well 4 .
- a plurality of locking devices 21 are generally disposed along the length of the lifting fins 2 for verifying the locking state of the locking device 21 and the lifting fin surrounding shaft 4 at different stages.
- the different stages specifically refer to: the lifting fins 2 The state of the fins surrounding the well 4 at different lengths.
- the side support frame 6 is provided with two groups, wherein one set of the side support frames 6 is disposed adjacent to the bottom support frame 5, and the other group is away from the bottom support frame. 5 settings.
- the top of a set of said side support frames 6 disposed away from said bottom support frame 5 is higher than the center of gravity 11 of said total section 1.
- the side support frame 6 includes a first support 61 and a second support 62, and the heights of the first support 61, the second support 62, and the bottom support frame 5 are sequentially decreased.
- the side support frame 6 By setting the side support frame 6 with different heights, the height positions of the total section 1 can be supported, the support strength is increased, the safety during the construction of the total section 1 is ensured, and the construction precision of the total section 1 is improved.
- a third support 63 is further disposed between the bottom support frame 5 and the first support 61, and the third support 63 and the second support 62 are respectively located at two ends of the total length of the total section 1. And said The height of the three supports 63 is smaller than the height of the second support 62 and greater than the height of the bottom support frame 5.
- the bottom support frame 5 includes a first gantry 51, a second gantry 52, and a third gantry 53 spaced along the length of the total section 1, wherein the A space between the gantry 51 and the second gantry 52 for the lifting and lowering test of the lifting fin 2 is left.
- the method for constructing the lifting fin section includes the following steps:
- Step S100 determining an assembly plan of the total segment 1, and finding all the segments belonging to the lifting fin surrounding well 4 according to the drawings;
- Step S200 preparing materials, preparing 10 side support frames 6 and 3 bottom support frames 5 according to the ship drawings, wherein 6 first supports 61 of 10 m height, 2 second supports 62 of 5 m height and 2 3.55 m a high third support 63, three bottom support frames 5 are a first gantry 51, a second gantry 52 and a third gantry 53, respectively, a first gantry 51, a second gantry 52 and a third gantry 53 Length ⁇ height are 8m ⁇ 3.3m;
- Step S300 marking the platform or the ground, indicating the installation positions of the respective bottom support frame 5 and the side support frame 6.
- the first door frame 51, the second door frame 52, and the third door frame 53 Arranged at the bottom of the segment along the length direction of the segment, and three first supports 61 are respectively spaced on the left and right sides of the segment along the length direction of the segment, according to the end, the middle, and the end portion, at the length of the segment
- One second support 62 is disposed at one end of the direction and on both sides of the segment, and a third support 63 is respectively disposed at the other end of the length direction of the segment and on both sides of the segment, wherein the left and right sides of the segment are respectively
- the first support 61 is symmetrically disposed along the center line of the segment
- the two second supports 62 are symmetrically disposed along the center line of the segment
- the two third supports 63 are also symmetrically disposed along the center line of the segment;
- Step S400 installing the bottom support frame 5 and the side support frame 6 according to the installation position marked in step S300:
- Step S500 lifting the corresponding segment into position, and assembling the forming section 1 In the fin-finishing well 4, during the assembly process, the top of the side support frame 6 is connected to the corresponding position of the main section 1 through a rigid member such as the channel steel 7 to fix the position of the total section 1;
- Step S600 drawing a first reference line in the lifting fin surrounding well 4, and marking a second reference line corresponding to the first reference line on the lifting fin guide 3, and marking a first reference line and the second reference line are disposed in a plurality of directions along the height direction of the ship, and then the lifting fin guide 3 is installed into the lifting fin surrounding well 4;
- Step S700 lifting the lifting fin 2 in position and installing with the lifting fin guide 3;
- Step S800 performing lifting and locking tests on the lifting fins 2, the specific test process is: 7 locking devices 21 are arranged on the lifting fins 2 in the vertical direction, and a locking device is arranged on the inner wall of the lifting fins 4 Position, the controller controls the rotation of the pulley of the lifting fin 2, thereby lowering the lifting fin 2.
- the controller controls the locking device 21 to start locking, and the locking device is detected at this time.
- the lifting fin 2 is continuously lowered to perform the detection of the next locking device 21 until all the locking on the lifting fin 2 is completed.
- the detection of the device 21 is completed, if not, the lifting fins are lifted out of the lifting fins 4, and the lifting fins 2 and the lifting fin guides 3 are adjusted and corrected, and then the steps S700 and S800 are sequentially performed;
- step S900 after the lifting and lowering test of the lifting fin 2 is passed, the lifting fin 2 is lifted out to the outside of the lifting fin well 4, and then the total section 1 is hoisted to the ship platform for the large folding assembly of the platform.
- the construction and pre-completion of the total section 1 can effectively solve the construction limitation caused by the insufficient height of the docking pier, and at the same time, the lifting and locking test of the lifting fin 2
- the process is moved to the assembly stage of the general section 1, that is, after the assembly of the total section 1 is completed, the installation of the lifting fin guide 3 and the lifting and locking test of the lifting fin 2 can be completed, and the problem can be found and solved in advance, and the ship can be effectively shortened. Construction cycle.
- the ship's large closing phase is carried out on the slipway, while the slipway is In the tilted state, the accuracy of the lifting fin guide 3 is extremely high, and the operating environment of the lifting fin 2 must be in a horizontal state. If the lifting fin guide 3 is installed during the large closing phase of the ship, a large amount of calculation will be added (required) It is converted into horizontal data), and at the same time, the lifting and locking tests cannot be carried out on the platform, because the ship in the inclined state cannot meet the requirements of the test.
- an embodiment means that a specific feature, structure, material or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. in.
- the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example.
- the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
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Abstract
一种升降鳍（2）总段（1）建造方法，具体包括设置高度大于升降鳍（2）伸出外底板最大长度的底部支撑架（5）对总段（1）进行支撑，并在总段（1）的侧边设置防止倾倒的侧边支撑架（6），在总段（1）组装后，立即进行升降鳍导轨（3）的安装和升降鳍（2）的升降与锁紧试验，对比现有技术，升降鳍（2）总段（1）建造方法可以在总段（1）组装阶段完成升降鳍（2）的安装和相关试验，提高制造精度和试验效率，缩短整个船舶的建造周期，且操作方便。
Description
本发明属于船舶制造技术领域，尤其涉及一种升降鳍总段建造方法。
为了能顺利进行海底测量任务，当前较为先进的科考船会配备一个可伸出外底板的长宽高约为3.1m×1.0m×7.2m的升降鳍。在建造过程中，当升降鳍所在的各分段完成组装作业，以及升降鳍导轨安装完成后，需要将升降鳍吊装到位并伸出外底板最长约3.1m进行升降及锁紧试验，以检验该设备的工作位置及工作状态是否正常。
船舶一般安排在船台或者船坞内进行建造，无论是在船台还是船坞，其坞墩的高度都在1.6m左右，也就是平底位置的船舶外底板距离坞底或船台面的距离只有1.6m，而且坞底和船台面均未设置对应规格的凹坑，1.6m的间距不能满足科考船升降鳍最大伸出外底板3.1m的要求，因此如果在船台或者船坞建造阶段安装升降鳍则无法进行升降和锁紧试验。另外，如果在船舶大合拢完成下水后再进行升降鳍的升降和锁紧试验，受码头阶段水深的限制，此试验也只能到最后的试航阶段(即在外海阶段)才能进行。如果升降鳍在下水后再进行相关的试验，当出现问题需要进行调整时，因整个升降鳍围井是通海的，必须把船拖进船坞后才能解决，而受坞墩高度的局限，不能一次性完整地进行检验和修正，可能需要多次进出坞才能完成矫正工作。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：提供一种升降鳍总段建造方法，其可以在总段组装阶段完成升降鳍的安装和相关试验，提高制造精度和试验效率，进而缩短整个船舶的建造周期。
为达上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
提供一种升降鳍总段建造方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S10、在吊机下方的组装场地内划出具体组装位置，将高度大于升降鳍伸出外底板最大长度的底部支撑架和用于支撑总段两侧的侧边支撑架摆放到位；
步骤S20、将各个分段吊装到所述底部支撑架上组装成总段，所述总段内成型有升降鳍围井，同时将侧边支撑架与所述总段的对应位置固定；
步骤S30、将升降鳍导轨吊装到所述升降鳍围井内进行安装；
步骤S40、将升降鳍吊装到位并与所述升降鳍导轨安装；
步骤S50、对所述升降鳍进行升降和锁紧试验，如果不合格，则进入步骤S60，如果合格则进入步骤S70；
步骤S60、将所述升降鳍吊出至所述升降鳍围井外，对所述升降鳍和所述升降鳍导轨进行调整和修正，然后再进入所述步骤S40；
步骤S70、将所述升降鳍吊出至所述升降鳍围井外，然后将所述总段吊上船台进行船台大合拢建造。
作为升降鳍总段建造方法的一种优选方案，所述步骤S10具体包括：
步骤S11、确定所述总段组装方案，按照图纸找出属于所述升降鳍围井的分段；
步骤S12、在吊机下方的组装场地内划出所述总段的组装位置，标注好所述底部支撑架和所述侧边支撑架的安装位置；
步骤S13、放置高度大于所述升降鳍伸出外底板最大长度的所述底部支撑架，并在所述底部支撑架间留出所述升降鳍的升降试验可通过的空间；
步骤S14、安装所述侧边支撑架。
作为升降鳍总段建造方法的一种优选方案，所述步骤S30具体包括以下步骤：
步骤S31、组装带有所述升降鳍围井的分段，以形成带有所述升降鳍围井的所述总段；
步骤S32、将所述升降鳍导轨安装到所述升降鳍围井内。
作为升降鳍总段建造方法的一种优选方案，在组装完成所述总段后还包括：在组装好的所述升降鳍围井内划制第一基准线，并标注，在所述升降鳍导轨上划制与所述第一基准线对应的第二基准线，并标注，其中，所述第一基准线和所述第二基准线沿所述船舶的高度方向均设置有多条。
作为升降鳍总段建造方法的一种优选方案，所述升降鳍的升降和锁紧试验具体为：控制器控制升降鳍在升降鳍导轨内沿设定的距离下降，下降到指定位置后启动升降鳍上对应所述指定位置的锁紧装置与所述升降鳍围井进行锁紧操作，检验此阶段所述升降鳍的下降和锁紧操作是否符合要求，符合要求后再重复上述操作，直至所述升降鳍完全伸出至所述升降鳍围井外。
作为升降鳍总段建造方法的一种优选方案，所述侧边支撑架设置有两组，其中一组所述侧边支撑架邻近所述底部支撑架设置，另一组远离所述底部支撑架设置。
作为升降鳍总段建造方法的一种优选方案，远离所述底部支撑架设置的一组所述侧边支撑架的顶部高于所述总段的重心位置。
作为升降鳍总段建造方法的一种优选方案，所述侧边支撑架包括第一支撑
和第二支撑，所述第一支撑、所述第二支撑以及所述底部支撑架的高度依次递减。
作为升降鳍总段建造方法的一种优选方案，在所述底部支撑架与所述第一支撑之间还设置第三支撑，所述第三支撑与所述第二支撑分别位于所述总段的长度方向的两端，且所述第三支撑的高度小于第二支撑的高度，并大于所述底部支撑架的高度。
作为升降鳍总段建造方法的一种优选方案，所述底部支撑架包括沿所述总段长度方向间隔设置的第一门架、第二门架和第三门架，其中，所述第一门架与所述第二门架之间留有所述升降鳍升降试验通过的空间。
本发明的有益效果为：通过在船舶总段阶段对升降鳍导轨进行安装，并对升降鳍进行升降和锁紧试验，可以提前检查出升降鳍的工作位置和工作状态是否正常，降低了升降鳍的安装和检验的难度，并有效地缩短船舶建造的周期；通过设置高度大于升降鳍伸出外底板最大长度的底部支撑架，可以实现在船舶总段阶段对升降鳍的组装和试验工作，同时也不需要在现有的平台上挖设凹坑，降低了制造成本，而设置侧边支撑架是为了保证总段在建造过程中的安装性和组装精度。对比现有技术，本发明的升降鳍总段建造方法可以在总段组装阶段完成升降鳍的安装和相关试验，提高制造精度和试验效率，缩短整个船舶的建造周期，且操作方便。
下面根据附图和实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
图1为本发明实施例所述的底部支撑架和侧边支撑架的安装位置俯视示意图。
图2为本发明的总段与底部支撑架和侧边支撑架安装后的第一截面示意图。
图3为本发明的总段与底部支撑架和侧边支撑架安装后的第二截面示意图。
图4为本发明的总段与底部支撑架和侧边支撑架安装后的第三截面示意图。
图5为本发明的升降鳍围井的俯视示意图。
图6为本发明的升降鳍与升降鳍导轨的组装示意图。
图中：
1、总段；11、重心；2、升降鳍；21、锁紧装置；3、升降鳍导轨；4、升降鳍围井；5、底部支撑架；51、第一门架；52、第二门架；53、第三门架；6、侧边支撑架；61、第一支撑；62、第二支撑；63、第三支撑；7、槽钢。
为使本发明解决的技术问题、采用的技术方案和达到的技术效果更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明实施例的技术方案作进一步的详细描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“固定”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1至6所示，于本实施例中，本发明的一种升降鳍总段建造方法，包
括如下步骤：
步骤S10、在吊机下方的组装场地内划出具体组装位置，将高度大于升降鳍2伸出外底板最大长度的底部支撑架5和用于支撑总段1两侧的侧边支撑架6摆放到位；
步骤S20、将各个分段吊装到所述底部支撑架5上组装成总段1，总段1内成型有升降鳍围井4，同时将侧边支撑架6与所述总段1的对应位置固定；
步骤S30、将升降鳍导轨3吊装到所述升降鳍围井4内进行安装；
步骤S40、将升降鳍2吊装到位并与所述升降鳍导轨3安装；
步骤S50、对所述升降鳍2进行升降和锁紧试验，如果不合格，则进入步骤S60，如果合格则进入步骤S70；
步骤S60、将所述升降鳍2吊出至所述升降鳍围井4外，对所述升降鳍2和所述升降鳍导轨3进行调整和修正，然后再进入所述步骤S40；
步骤S70、将所述升降鳍2吊出至所述升降鳍围井4外，然后将所述总段1吊上船台进行船台大合拢建造。
通过在船舶总段1阶段对升降鳍导轨3进行安装，并对升降鳍2进行升降和锁紧试验，可以提前检查出升降鳍2的工作位置和工作状态是否正常，降低了升降鳍2的安装和检验的难度，并有效地缩短船舶建造的周期；通过设置高度大于升降鳍2伸出外底板最大长度的底部支撑架5，可以实现在船舶总段1阶段对升降鳍2的组装和试验工作，同时也不需要在现有的平台上挖设凹坑，降低了制造成本，而设置侧边支撑架6是为了保证总段1在建造过程中组装时的安全性和组装精度。对比现有技术，本发明的升降鳍总段1建造方法可以在总段1组装阶段完成升降鳍2的建造和相关试验，提高制造精度和试验效率，缩短整个船舶的建造周期，且操作方便。
在升降鳍2进行升降和锁紧试验合格后将升降鳍2吊出升降鳍围井4外，是为了减少总段1的吊装重量，且也能减少吊装过程中的固定作业。
在本发明的一个优选的实施例中，所述步骤S10具体包括：
步骤S11、确定所述总段1组装方案，按照图纸找出属于所述升降鳍围井4的分段；
步骤S12、在吊机下方的组装场地内划出所述总段1的位置，标注好所述底部支撑架5和所述侧边支撑架6的安装位置；
步骤S13、放置高度大于所述升降鳍2伸出外底板最大长度的所述底部支撑架5，并在所述底部支撑架5间留出所述升降鳍2的升降试验可通过的空间；
步骤S14、安装所述侧边支撑架6。
通过在总段1组装时将属于升降鳍围井4的分段均进行组装，可以保证后续升降鳍导轨3及升降鳍2的安装精度，同时也有效防止了后续大合拢阶段含有升降鳍围井4的总段1在与其他总段1组装时影响升降鳍导轨3的精度；通过在底部支撑架5上留有升降鳍2的升降试验可通过的空间，是为了防止在后续升降鳍2进行升降和锁紧试验时，底部支撑架5对升降鳍2进行干扰，进而影响升降鳍2的升降和锁紧试验的正常进行。
在本发明的另一个优选的实施例中，所述步骤30具体包括以下步骤：
步骤S31、组装带有所述升降鳍围井4的分段，以形成带有所述升降鳍围井4的所述总段1；
步骤S32、将所述升降鳍导轨3安装到所述升降鳍围井4内。
在本发明的又一个优选的实施例中，在组装完成所述总段1后还包括：在组装好的所述升降鳍围井4外划制第一基准线，并标注，在所述升降鳍导轨3上划制与所述第一基准线对应的第二基准线，并标注，其中，所述第一基准线
和所述第二基准线沿所述船舶的高度方向均设置有多条。
通过设置基准线，可以在升降鳍导轨3与升降鳍围井4组装时更加便于对位，提高组装精度。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述升降鳍2的升降和锁紧试验具体为：控制器控制升降鳍2在升降鳍导轨3内沿设定的距离下降，下降到指定位置后启动升降鳍2上对应所述指定位置的锁紧装置21与所述升降鳍围井4进行锁紧操作，检验此阶段所述升降鳍2的下降和锁紧操作是否符合要求，符合要求后再重复上述操作，直至所述升降鳍2完全伸出至所述升降鳍围井4外。
由于升降鳍2外通常沿其长度方向间隔设置多个锁紧装置21，用于在不同阶段检验锁紧装置21与升降鳍围井4的锁紧状态，不同阶段具体是指：升降鳍2伸出升降鳍围井4不同长度时的状态。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，所述侧边支撑架6设置有两组，其中一组所述侧边支撑架6邻近所述底部支撑架5设置，另一组远离所述底部支撑架5设置。
在本实施例中，远离所述底部支撑架5设置的一组所述侧边支撑架6的顶部高于所述总段1的重心11位置。通过将侧边支撑架6的顶部设置高于总段1的重心11位置，可以有效防止总段1发生偏斜，降低支撑力度。
所述侧边支撑架6包括第一支撑61和第二支撑62，所述第一支撑61、所述第二支撑62以及所述底部支撑架5的高度依次递减。通过将侧边支撑架6设置不同高度的支撑，可以对总段1的不同高度位置进行支撑，增加支撑强度，保证总段1建造过程中的安全性，提高总段1的建造精度。
在所述底部支撑架5与所述第一支撑61之间还设置第三支撑63，所述第三支撑63与所述第二支撑62分别位于所述总段1的长度方向的两端，且所述第
三支撑63的高度小于第二支撑62的高度，并大于所述底部支撑架5的高度。
在本发明的其他实施例中，所述底部支撑架5包括沿所述总段1长度方向间隔设置的第一门架51、第二门架52和第三门架53，其中，所述第一门架51与所述第二门架52之间留有所述升降鳍2升降试验通过的空间。
在本发明的一个具体实施例中，如图1至7所示，此升降鳍总段建造方法包括如下步骤：
步骤S100、确定总段1的组装方案，按照图纸找出属于升降鳍围井4的所有分段；
步骤S200、备料，根据船舶图纸准备10个侧边支撑架6和3个底部支撑架5，其中，6个10m高的第一支撑61，2个5m高的第二支撑62和2个3.55m高的第三支撑63，3个底部支撑架5分别为第一门架51、第二门架52和第三门架53，第一门架51、第二门架52和第三门架53长×高均为8m×3.3m；
步骤S300、在平台或者地面划线，标示出各个底部支撑架5和侧边支撑架6的安装位置，在本实施例中，第一门架51、第二门架52以及第三门架53沿分段的长度方向间隔设置在分段的底部，沿分段的长度方向在其左右两侧分别间隔设置三个第一支撑61，按照端部、中部、端部分布，在分段的长度方向的一端并位于分段的两侧分别设置一个第二支撑62，在分段的长度方向的另一端并位于分段的两侧分别设置一个第三支撑63，其中，分段左右两侧的第一支撑61沿分段的中线对称设置，两个第二支撑62沿分段的中线对称设置，两个第三支撑63也沿分段的中线对称设置；
步骤S400、按照步骤S300标注的安装位置安装底部支撑架5和侧边支撑架6：
步骤S500、将对应分段吊装到位，并组装成型总段1，总段1上成型有升
降鳍围井4，在组装过程中，将侧边支撑架6的顶部通过槽钢7等刚性部件与总段1的对应位置连接，以使总段1位置固定；
步骤S600、在所述升降鳍围井4内划制第一基准线，并标注，在所述升降鳍导轨3上划制与所述第一基准线对应的第二基准线，并标注，其中，第一基准线和所述第二基准线沿所述船舶的高度方向均设置有多条，然后将所述升降鳍导轨3安装到所述升降鳍围井4内；
步骤S700、将升降鳍2吊装到位并与所述升降鳍导轨3安装；
步骤S800、对所述升降鳍2进行升降和锁紧试验，具体试验过程为：升降鳍2上沿竖直方向间隔设置7个锁紧装置21，在升降鳍围井4内壁上设置一个锁紧位，控制器控制升降鳍2的滑轮转动，从而降下升降鳍2，当第一个锁紧装置21到达锁紧位时，控制器控制锁紧装置21启动锁紧，此时检测此锁紧装置21的锁紧状态以及升降鳍2与升降鳍导轨3之间的配合状态是否合格，如果合格则继续下降升降鳍2以进行下一个锁紧装置21的检测，直至升降鳍2上的所有锁紧装置21的检测结束，如果不合格，则将升降鳍吊2出至升降鳍围井4外，对升降鳍2和升降鳍导轨3进行调整和修正，然后再依次进行步骤S700和步骤S800；
步骤S900、当升降鳍2的升降及锁紧试验合格后，将升降鳍2吊出至升降鳍围井4外，然后将总段1吊装至船台进行船台大合拢组装。
采用本发明的升降鳍总段1建造方法对总段1进行建造和预先完成相关试验，可以有效解决受坞墩高度不足而带来的施工局限问题，同时将升降鳍2的升降和锁紧试验工序前移至总段1组装阶段，即在总段1组装结束后即可完成升降鳍导轨3的安装和升降鳍2的升降及锁紧试验，提前找出问题并解决问题，可有效缩短船舶建造周期。另外，船舶大合拢阶段是在船台进行的，而船台是
倾斜的状态，升降鳍导轨3的精度要求极高，升降鳍2的运行环境必须是在水平状态才能进行，如果在船舶大合拢阶段才安装升降鳍导轨3，那么将增加大量的计算量(需换算成水平数据)，同时船台上任然不能进行升降和锁紧试验，因为倾斜状态的船舶不能满足试验的要求。
在实际建造过程中，采用此升降鳍总段建造方法可产生的经济效益高于50万元。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一实施例”、“示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的技术原理。这些描述只是为了解释本发明的原理，而不能以任何方式解释为对本发明保护范围的限制。基于此处的解释，本领域的技术人员不需要付出创造性的劳动即可联想到本发明的其它具体实施方式，这些方式都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
- 一种升降鳍总段建造方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：步骤S10、在吊机下方的组装场地内划出具体组装位置，将高度大于升降鳍伸出外底板最大长度的底部支撑架和用于支撑总段两侧的侧边支撑架摆放到位；步骤S20、将各个分段吊装到所述底部支撑架上组装成总段，所述总段内成型有升降鳍围井，同时将侧边支撑架与所述总段的对应位置固定；步骤S30、将升降鳍导轨吊装到所述升降鳍围井内进行安装；步骤S40、将升降鳍吊装到位并与所述升降鳍导轨安装；步骤S50、对所述升降鳍进行升降和锁紧试验，如果不合格，则进入步骤S60，如果合格则进入步骤S70；步骤S60、将所述升降鳍吊出至所述升降鳍围井外，对所述升降鳍和所述升降鳍导轨进行调整和修正，然后再进入所述步骤S40；步骤S70、将所述升降鳍吊出至所述升降鳍围井外，然后将所述总段吊上船台进行船台大合拢建造。
- 根据权利要求1所述的升降鳍总段建造方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S10具体包括：步骤S11、确定所述总段组装方案，按照图纸找出属于所述升降鳍围井的分段；步骤S12、在吊机下方的组装场地内划出所述总段的组装位置，标注好所述底部支撑架和所述侧边支撑架的安装位置；步骤S13、放置高度大于所述升降鳍伸出外底板最大长度的所述底部支撑架，并在所述底部支撑架间留出所述升降鳍的升降试验可通过的空间；步骤S14、安装所述侧边支撑架。
- 根据权利要求1所述的升降鳍总段建造方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S30具体包括以下步骤：步骤S31、组装带有所述升降鳍围井的分段，以形成带有所述升降鳍围井的所述总段；步骤S32、将所述升降鳍导轨安装到所述升降鳍围井内。
- 根据权利要求3所述的升降鳍总段建造方法，其特征在于，在组装完成所述总段后还包括：在组装好的所述升降鳍围井内划制第一基准线，并标注，在所述升降鳍导轨上划制与所述第一基准线对应的第二基准线，并标注，其中，所述第一基准线和所述第二基准线沿所述船舶的高度方向均设置有多条。
- 根据权利要求1所述的升降鳍总段建造方法，其特征在于，所述升降鳍的升降和锁紧试验具体为：控制器控制所述升降鳍在所述升降鳍导轨内沿设定的距离下降，下降到指定位置后启动所述升降鳍上对应所述指定位置的锁紧装置与所述升降鳍围井进行锁紧操作，检验此阶段所述升降鳍的下降和锁紧操作是否符合要求，符合要求后再重复上述操作，直至所述升降鳍完全伸出至所述升降鳍围井外。
- 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的升降鳍总段建造方法，其特征在于，所述侧边支撑架设置有两组，其中一组所述侧边支撑架邻近所述底部支撑架设置，另一组远离所述底部支撑架设置。
- 根据权利要求6所述的升降鳍总段建造方法，其特征在于，远离所述底部支撑架设置的一组所述侧边支撑架的顶部高于所述总段的重心位置。
- 根据权利要求6所述的升降鳍总段建造方法，其特征在于，所述侧边支撑架包括第一支撑和第二支撑，所述第一支撑、所述第二支撑以及所述底部支撑架的高度依次递减。
- 根据权利要求8所述的升降鳍总段建造方法，其特征在于，在所述底部支撑架与所述第一支撑之间还设置第三支撑，所述第三支撑与所述第二支撑分别位于所述总段的长度方向的两端，且所述第三支撑的高度小于所述第二支撑的高度，并大于所述底部支撑架的高度。
- 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的升降鳍总段建造方法，其特征在于，所述底部支撑架包括沿所述总段长度方向间隔设置的第一门架、第二门架和第三门架，其中，所述第一门架与所述第二门架之间留有所述升降鳍升降试验通过的空间。
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