WO2018233535A1 - 位置定位方法、设备及系统、计算机可读存储介质 - Google Patents

位置定位方法、设备及系统、计算机可读存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018233535A1
WO2018233535A1 PCT/CN2018/091197 CN2018091197W WO2018233535A1 WO 2018233535 A1 WO2018233535 A1 WO 2018233535A1 CN 2018091197 W CN2018091197 W CN 2018091197W WO 2018233535 A1 WO2018233535 A1 WO 2018233535A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
location information
target vehicle
location
identifier
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/091197
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘杰
李佳佳
Original Assignee
阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司
刘杰
李佳佳
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司, 刘杰, 李佳佳 filed Critical 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司
Publication of WO2018233535A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018233535A1/zh
Priority to US16/713,405 priority Critical patent/US10952030B2/en
Priority to US17/175,241 priority patent/US11096015B2/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
    • G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/42—Determining position
    • G01S19/45—Determining position by combining measurements of signals from the satellite radio beacon positioning system with a supplementary measurement
    • G01S19/46—Determining position by combining measurements of signals from the satellite radio beacon positioning system with a supplementary measurement the supplementary measurement being of a radio-wave signal type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/03—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers
    • G01S19/05—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing aiding data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
    • G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/42—Determining position
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/0009—Transmission of position information to remote stations
    • G01S5/0045—Transmission from base station to mobile station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0295—Proximity-based methods, e.g. position inferred from reception of particular signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/11—Allocation or use of connection identifiers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
    • G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/42—Determining position
    • G01S19/51—Relative positioning

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a location positioning method, a position locating device, a positioning system, and a computer readable storage medium.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • the GPS module is installed on the vehicle in advance, and when the vehicle is traveling, the current position of the vehicle can be obtained from the global satellite positioning system through the signal interaction between the GPS module and the global satellite positioning system, and the GPS module will acquire the position.
  • the arriving location is reported to the vehicle management server so that the vehicle management server can obtain the driving position of the vehicle in time.
  • GPS signals transmitted between the GPS module and the global satellite positioning system are greatly affected by the environment, especially in large cities with high-rise buildings and overpasses, the strength of GPS signals cannot meet the actual needs, which makes the vehicles unable to obtain them in time.
  • GPS signals containing location information reduce the accuracy of vehicle position location.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a location location method, device, and system, and a computer readable storage medium, which are used to solve the problem of inaccurate location location of a vehicle in the prior art.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a location positioning method, where the method includes:
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a location positioning method, where the method includes:
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a location locating device, including:
  • the collecting unit collects the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle
  • a determining unit determining location information when acquiring a vehicle identifier of the target vehicle
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a location locating device, including:
  • Receiving unit receiving vehicle identification and location information sent by at least one client
  • a positioning unit that determines a location of the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle identifier according to the location information.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor and a memory, the memory storing a program, and configured to perform the following steps by the at least one processor:
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, including a program used in combination with an electronic device, the program being executable by a processor to complete the following steps:
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a location locating system, including:
  • a carrier located on the vehicle, storing a vehicle identification of the vehicle
  • the client collects the vehicle identifier of the vehicle from the carrier, and determines location information when the vehicle identifier of the vehicle is collected, and sends the vehicle identifier of the vehicle and the location information corresponding to the vehicle identifier to the server;
  • the server receives the vehicle identifier sent by the client and location information corresponding to the vehicle identifier, and determines a location of the vehicle according to the location information.
  • the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle is collected by the client, and the location information when the vehicle identifier is collected is determined, and then the vehicle identifier and the location information are sent to the server, so that the server determines the target vehicle according to the location information. s position.
  • the client can perform the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application to determine the position of the vehicle, which can effectively avoid the problem that the GPS signal strength cannot be located due to environmental factors.
  • the location information when collecting the vehicle identification is determined by different clients, the success rate and effectiveness of the location information collection can be improved, thereby ensuring the continuity of the positional positioning of the target vehicle. And accuracy.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a location locating method according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a location locating method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a location locating device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a location locating device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a position location system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a location location method, device and system, and computer readable medium.
  • the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle is collected by the client and the location information when the vehicle identification is collected is determined, and then the vehicle identification and the location information are sent to the server, so that the server determines the location of the target vehicle according to the location information.
  • the vehicles described in the embodiments of the present application may be public transportation vehicles such as buses, taxis, public bicycles, shared bicycles, and other social vehicles other than public transportation vehicles. .
  • the client described in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to a smart terminal device, for example, a smart phone; or may be applied to a vehicle management device, for example, a monitoring device deployed at a traffic intersection, where the application device of the client is not used. limited.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a location locating method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method can be as follows.
  • the execution entity of the embodiment of the present application is a client, that is, an application client that can implement the technical solution described in the embodiment of the present application, and can be run in the smart terminal device in the form of an APP.
  • Step 101 Collect a vehicle identifier of the target vehicle.
  • the target vehicle described in the embodiment of the present application may be any one of the vehicles, and one vehicle is considered as a research object of the technical solution described in the present application.
  • the vehicle identification described in the embodiment of the present application can uniquely characterize the vehicle, and may be a model of the vehicle, an engine number of the vehicle, a license plate number of the vehicle, and the like.
  • the vehicle identification described in the embodiment of the present application may further include the vehicle information of the public transportation vehicle.
  • users who can collect the vehicle identification of the target vehicle can be roughly classified into three categories: the first type is the driver of the target vehicle; the second type is the passenger who rides the target vehicle; and the third type is located near the target vehicle. Other people. All three types of personnel can collect the vehicle identification of the target vehicle, but the method used to collect the vehicle identification of the target vehicle may be the same or different.
  • the first way for the driver of the target vehicle.
  • the driver of the target vehicle when driving the target vehicle, may adopt, but is not limited to, the following method to enable the client to collect the vehicle identification of the target vehicle:
  • the client receives the vehicle identification input by the driver, and can be regarded as the vehicle identification of the target vehicle at the time of the client.
  • the client is applied to the public transportation vehicle management system, and after the public transportation vehicle management system allocates the vehicle to the driver, the allocated vehicle (the target described in the embodiment of the present application)
  • the allocated vehicle (the target described in the embodiment of the present application)
  • the vehicle identification of the vehicle is sent to the client used by the driver, and the client can also collect the vehicle identification of the target vehicle.
  • the second way the carrier carrying the vehicle identification is arranged in the target vehicle.
  • the vehicle identification of the target vehicle is acquired from the carrier.
  • the carrier that carries the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle may be a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag; or may be an in-vehicle charging terminal, where the vehicle identity of the vehicle is stored; It may also be a two-dimensional code picture for storing the vehicle identification, and the representation form of the carrier is not specifically limited herein.
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • the carrier carrying the vehicle identification of the target vehicle is an RFID tag
  • the RFID tag when the RFID tag is detected, the vehicle identification of the target vehicle is acquired from the RFID tag.
  • the client can receive the radio frequency signal sent by the RFID tag. It is considered that the client detected the RFID tag. In this way, the client can parse the vehicle identity of the target vehicle from the received RF signal.
  • the RFID tag is a non-contact automatic identification tag capable of transmitting a vehicle identity through a radio frequency signal.
  • the RFID tag which may also be referred to as an electronic tag or smart tag, uses electronic technology to store the vehicle's vehicle identity in a storage space.
  • RFID tags can be classified into passive RFID tags (ie passive RFID tags) and active RFID tags (ie active RFID tags).
  • the client may send a request message by broadcast, the request message is used to request the vehicle identification, and the passive RFID tag may receive the client broadcast through the radio wave transceiver because the radio wave transceiver is included in the passive RFID tag.
  • the message is requested and the stored vehicle identification is transmitted to the client in the form of a radio frequency signal such that the client can obtain the vehicle identification of the vehicle from the passive RFID tag.
  • the active RFID tag has the feature of actively transmitting the radio frequency signal, that is, the active RFID tag transmits the radio frequency signal by broadcasting, when the distance between the client and the active RFID tag is less than or equal to the propagation distance of the radio frequency signal,
  • the client receives the radio frequency signal broadcast by the active RFID tag and can parse the vehicle identification of the vehicle from the radio frequency signal.
  • the RFID tag can be set on the vehicle, and the client can obtain the vehicle identity of the vehicle from the RFID tag as long as the distance between the client and the RFID tag satisfies the requirement of the distance of the radio frequency signal transmitted by the RFID tag. .
  • the client can dynamically realize the vehicle identification of the vehicle, realize the automatic and real-time performance of the vehicle identification, and lay a foundation for the subsequent accurate positioning of the vehicle.
  • the second mode can be applied to the driver of the target vehicle, the passenger who rides the target vehicle, and other persons located in the vicinity of the target vehicle. In this way, the vehicle identification of the target vehicle is relatively flexible.
  • the client in addition to performing signal interaction with the RFID tag in real time, the client may perform signal interaction with the RFID tag in a periodic (or timing) manner. Specifically, the vehicle identification is collected from the RFID tag periodically.
  • the client used by the driver of the vehicle can start from the driver boarding the vehicle, and once it is determined that the client is in the running state, the vehicle identification of the vehicle can be obtained from the RFID tag of the vehicle in the manner described above.
  • a passenger riding the vehicle can obtain the vehicle identification of the vehicle from the RFID tag of the vehicle during the ride.
  • the radio frequency signal transmitted by the RFID tag has a certain signal strength
  • the user who appears within the coverage of the transmitted signal can receive the radio frequency signal, that is, the vehicle identification of the vehicle can be obtained from the RFID tag of the vehicle. . That is to say, if the carrier is an RFID tag, the manner of obtaining the vehicle identity of the vehicle is relatively flexible, and the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application can be widely used.
  • the carrier carrying the vehicle identification of the target vehicle is an in-vehicle charging terminal
  • the vehicle identification of the target vehicle is acquired from the in-vehicle charging terminal when the riding request is sent to the in-vehicle charging terminal.
  • the technical solution described in the embodiment of the present application may be used to determine the vehicle. position.
  • the vehicle identification may be stored in the vehicle charging terminal, such that when the user sends a riding request to the vehicle charging terminal when boarding the vehicle, the vehicle charging terminal is obtained from the vehicle charging terminal by the near field communication NFC method. Obtaining the vehicle identification.
  • the ride request here can be understood as being sent to the vehicle charging terminal when the user gets on the vehicle, so that the vehicle charging terminal determines the station where the user gets on the bus, and prepares for the subsequent calculation of the bus fare.
  • the carrier is a wireless fidelity WIFI device provided by the target vehicle
  • the WIFI device when the WIFI device is accessed, the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle is obtained from the WIFI device.
  • a WIFI device can provide a mobile Internet service for a user who rides.
  • the vehicle identification of the vehicle may be stored in the WIFI device.
  • the client used by the user accesses the WIFI device provided by the vehicle, the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle can be obtained from the WIFI device.
  • the WIFI identifier of the WIFI device can uniquely represent the WIFI device.
  • the server can store the mapping relationship between the WIFI identifier of the WIFI device and the vehicle identifier of the vehicle.
  • the WIFI identification of the WIFI device may be used as the vehicle identification of the target vehicle. In this way, when the client sends the WIFI identifier to the server, the server can also determine the vehicle identifier of the vehicle according to the mapping relationship.
  • the client that can detect the WIFI identifier of the WIFI device can obtain the vehicle identifier of the vehicle through the WIFI identifier of the WIFI device.
  • the method of collecting the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle in step 101 may be implemented by using one of the methods described above, or may be implemented by using various methods described above, and is not specifically limited herein.
  • Step 102 Determine location information when collecting the vehicle identity of the target vehicle.
  • the positioning position of the client is also required when collecting the vehicle identification of the target vehicle. Through the location of different client positioning, it lays the foundation for the subsequent server to determine the location of the vehicle according to the location of the client positioning.
  • the manner in which the client locates the location includes, but is not limited to, an Assisted Global Positioning System (AGPS) positioning technology, a base station positioning technology, and a Location Based Service (LBS) technology. and many more.
  • AGPS Assisted Global Positioning System
  • LBS Location Based Service
  • A-GPS Take A-GPS as an example. Compared with the traditional GPS signal, A-GPS uses the base station deployed by the communication carrier, supplemented by the auxiliary server to communicate with the GPS receiver in the smart phone to provide positioning assistance to complete the ranging and positioning service. Therefore, A-GPS is relatively less dependent on the environment and can overcome the problems of GPS positioning.
  • A-GPS uses mobile communication networks for positioning, which solves the problem of traditional GPS coverage.
  • the signal strength and transmission quality of mobile communication network signals are also less affected by the environment of GPS satellite signals.
  • the client is highly effective in locating the terminal location.
  • the A-GPS since the A-GPS has the mobile communication operation base station assisted positioning, the accuracy of the client positioning is greatly improved, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the vehicle position.
  • the location information that is located by the client is the basis for the server to determine the location of the target vehicle.
  • the location information is determined by using the client, and the vehicle can be omitted to improve the GPS.
  • the module reduces the production cost; the second is to make rational use of the positioning function of the client itself, and the efficiency of the location positioning is improved.
  • the client acquires the vehicle identity of the target vehicle by detecting the RFID tag
  • the client activates the location location function when detecting the RFID tag, and then determines the location information obtained by the location as the vehicle identity of the target vehicle.
  • Location information and can establish a mapping relationship between vehicle identification and location information.
  • the vehicle identification and location information are stored according to the mapping relationship.
  • the client can periodically obtain the vehicle identification from the RFID tag, and if the client obtains the vehicle identification from the RFID tag in a timed manner, step 102 can be performed in real time or timing (here)
  • the location information is determined in a manner that the timing period is the same as the timing period in which the vehicle identification is acquired.
  • the client obtains the vehicle identifier from the RFID tag periodically according to the timing period, and further obtains the vehicle identifier once after the neighboring, further determining that the previously acquired vehicle identifier and the adjacent one are acquired one after another. Whether the vehicle identifiers are the same or not, if the vehicle identifiers acquired in the two adjacent times are the same, at least one position information that is obtained during the two acquisitions of the vehicle identifications in the adjacent two times is determined as the position when the vehicle identification is collected. information. In this way, the client obtains a mapping relationship between the vehicle identity and the at least one location information in a timing period.
  • the carrier of the vehicle identifier is an RFID tag
  • the client may establish a mapping relationship between the plurality of vehicle identifiers and the at least one location information.
  • the location information corresponding to different vehicle identifiers may be the same or different, and is not specifically limited herein.
  • the carrier carrying the vehicle identifier is an in-vehicle charging terminal (or WIFI device)
  • the location information is periodically or in real time, and
  • the at least one position information obtained by the positioning is determined as the position information when the vehicle identification of the target vehicle is collected.
  • the user using the client should always be on the vehicle until a request to drop off is sent to the in-vehicle charging terminal (or no longer with The WIFI device establishes a connection.
  • the client does not need to perform the acquisition operation of the vehicle identity, and the client can locate the location information periodically or in real time, so that the client can locate at least one location information, and in this case, the positioning can be obtained.
  • the at least one location information is determined as location information when the vehicle identification of the target vehicle is acquired.
  • the determining the location information in step 102 may be performed at the same time as the step of collecting the vehicle identifier in step 101. Step 102 may be performed after the vehicle identifier is collected in step 101, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the position information determined in step 102 is the position information when the vehicle identification is collected. It can be understood that the time for collecting the vehicle identification is the same as the time for obtaining the position information, and can also be understood as the time and location of the vehicle identification to obtain the position information. There is a deviation in the time, and the deviation is within the set range.
  • Step 103 Send the vehicle identifier and the location information to a server, so that the server determines the location of the target vehicle according to the location information.
  • the client may immediately send the vehicle identifier and the location information to the server, or may arrive at the set transmission time.
  • the at least one of the location information corresponding to the vehicle identifier and the vehicle identifier is sent to a server.
  • the client After determining the location information of the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle, the client stores the location information corresponding to the vehicle identifier and the vehicle identifier.
  • the client since the vehicle identifier collected by the client at the same time may have more than one vehicle identifier, the client may send the collected vehicle identifier and location information to the server by using (vehicle identification, location information).
  • the information sent by the client to the server is (vehicle identification 1, vehicle identification 2; location information).
  • the client may collect multiple vehicle identifiers during the two consecutive transmission times, and may also locate the obtained multiple location information, and then the information sent by the client to the server is (vehicle identification 1; position information 1, position information 2, ..., position information n) and (vehicle identification 2; position information 1), that is, vehicles corresponding to the vehicle identification 1 during the two adjacent transmission time periods These positions corresponding to the position information 1 to the position information n are passed.
  • the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle identification 2 passes the position corresponding to the position information 1 during the two adjacent transmission time periods.
  • the client collects the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle and determines the location information when the vehicle identifier is collected, and then sends the vehicle identifier and the location information to the server, so that the server determines the location of the target vehicle according to the location information.
  • the client can perform the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application to determine the position of the vehicle, which can effectively avoid the problem that the GPS signal strength cannot be located due to environmental factors.
  • the location information when collecting the vehicle identification is determined by different clients, the success rate and effectiveness of the location information collection can be improved, thereby ensuring the continuity of the positional positioning of the target vehicle. And accuracy.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a location locating method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method can be as follows.
  • the execution subject of the embodiment of the present application is a server.
  • Step 201 Receive vehicle identification and location information sent by at least one client.
  • the client may send the collected vehicle identifier and the location information obtained by the location to the server according to the foregoing description, and details are not described herein again.
  • Step 202 Determine a location of the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle identifier according to the location information.
  • the client may send the collected vehicle identification and the location information obtained by the location to the server in real time, and then, when receiving the vehicle identification and location information sent by the client, the server determines the target vehicle according to the vehicle identifier. That is, the received location information is grouped according to the vehicle identity, the location information corresponding to the same vehicle identity is divided into a location information group, and the location information in the same location information group is processed to determine the vehicle identity. The location of the corresponding vehicle.
  • the server may determine a time period for determining the location of the vehicle, that is, for the target vehicle, determine location information corresponding to the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle sent by the client received within the set time period. And processing the received location information; determining, according to the processing result, a location of the target vehicle corresponding to the vehicle identifier.
  • the location information of the client and the actual location of the vehicle may be different, the location information of the same vehicle sent by different clients may also be different at the same time.
  • the received locations may be determined.
  • the deviation weight of the information is calculated based on the deviation weight of each of the position information and the coordinates included in each of the position information.
  • the offset weights described in the embodiments of the present application are used to represent the extent to which the location information deviates from the actual location of the target vehicle, and the predicted location information of the vehicle may be estimated based on the road on which the vehicle is currently traveling, thereby determining the received location information and The difference between the estimated positions is determined according to the magnitude of the difference.
  • the manner of determining the offset weights in the embodiment of the present application may be other manners, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the target vehicle is a public transportation vehicle
  • the deviation is small, so that the deviation weight value determined for the location information is large; or, the distance of the location information from the nearby main road is within an acceptable range, and if so, the client is not far from the vehicle, and the location information is
  • the deviation of the actual position of the vehicle is small, so that the deviation weight value determined for the position information is large, and the determination manner is applicable to the user of the client being a pedestrian situation near the vehicle; or whether the road corresponding to the location information is public
  • the special road of the traffic vehicle if it is, indicates that the client has a greater possibility of being located on the vehicle, and the deviation of the position information from the actual position of the vehicle is small, so that the deviation weight value determined for the position information is large.
  • the vehicle is determined according to the location information.
  • the method further includes:
  • the vehicle of the target vehicle transmitted for each client Identify the location information corresponding to the following operations:
  • the selected location information is determined as location information corresponding to the vehicle identity of the target vehicle transmitted by the client within a set time period.
  • the server receives the vehicle identification sent by the three clients and the location information corresponding to the vehicle identification, that is, the client 1 sends (vehicle identification 1; location information 1); the client 2 sends (vehicle identification 1; Location information 2, location information 3, location information 4); transmitted by the client 3 (vehicle identification 1; location information 5).
  • the location information closest to the processing time is the location information corresponding to the vehicle identifier 1 transmitted by the client 2, and if the location information 4 is the location information that meets the set condition, the server is based on the location information 1, the location information 4, and the location information 5, that is, The position of the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle identification 1 can be determined.
  • the generation time described in the embodiment of the present application can be understood as the time when the client locates the location information.
  • the number of location information corresponding to the vehicle identifier sent by the client to the server is one, the generation time of the location information may not be sent.
  • the number of location information corresponding to the vehicle identifier sent by the client to the server is multiple, when the vehicle identifier and the location information are sent, the generation time of the location information is sent to the server together, so that the server can accurately determine the vehicle. position.
  • determining the location of the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle identifier according to the location information includes:
  • the position of the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle identification is determined according to the position information whose number of occurrences is greater than the set threshold.
  • the position information may be determined by using the clustering method, and the position corresponding to the position information is the position of the vehicle.
  • determining the location of the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle identifier according to the location information includes:
  • the motion trajectory of the target vehicle is determined according to each of the positions.
  • Table 1 is a list of location information received by the server for the vehicle identification 1.
  • the processing result 1 of the position of the vehicle corresponding to the time T1 (the position information 1 and the position information 8); and determine the position of the vehicle corresponding to the time T2 (the position information 2, the position information 9 and The processing result 2 of the position information 11); determining the processing result 3 of the position of the vehicle corresponding to the time T3 (the position information 3 and the position information 6); determining the position of the vehicle corresponding to the time T4 (the position information 4, the position information) 7 and the processing result 4 of the position information 14); the processing result 5 of the position (the position information 5 and the position information 10) corresponding to the position of the vehicle at the time T5 is determined.
  • the traveling route of the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle identification 1 can be planned.
  • the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to public transportation systems such as buses and public bicycles, and drivers, passengers, and passers-by in the vicinity of the vehicle can use the client to collect vehicles with the solutions described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the location information is identified and located, and the vehicle identification and location information are reported to the server.
  • any user who has a need for public transportation can obtain the real-time location of the desired target vehicle from the server.
  • the location information when collecting the vehicle identification is determined by the client, and there is no need to improve the vehicle to install the GPS module in the conventional positioning method, and the vehicle is not damaged, and the vehicle layout is not affected. reduce manufacturing cost.
  • the carrier carrying the vehicle identification on the vehicle can be installed on the surface of the vehicle body or in the passenger compartment, and the original internal structure of the vehicle is not modified, and the cost is reduced.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a location locating device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the location locating device includes: an acquisition unit 301, a determination unit 302, and a transmission unit 303, where:
  • the collecting unit 301 collects the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle
  • a determining unit 302 determining location information when collecting a vehicle identifier of the target vehicle
  • the sending unit 303 transmits the vehicle identifier and the location information to the server, so that the server determines the location of the target vehicle according to the location information.
  • the collecting unit 301 collects the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle, including:
  • the vehicle identification of the target vehicle is obtained from the carrier.
  • the acquiring unit 301 acquires the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle from the carrier, including:
  • the carrier is a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • the acquiring unit 301 acquires the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle from the RFID tag, including:
  • the determining unit 302 determines location information when collecting the vehicle identity of the target vehicle, including:
  • the at least one location information that is located during the two acquisitions of the vehicle identifiers is determined as the location information when the vehicle identifiers are collected.
  • the acquiring unit 301 acquires the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle from the carrier, including:
  • the carrier is an in-vehicle charging terminal
  • the vehicle identification of the target vehicle is acquired from the in-vehicle charging terminal when the riding request is transmitted to the in-vehicle charging terminal.
  • the acquiring unit 301 acquires the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle from the vehicle charging terminal, including:
  • the vehicle identification is obtained from the in-vehicle charging terminal by a near field communication NFC method.
  • the determining unit 302 determines location information when collecting the vehicle identity of the target vehicle, including:
  • the at least one position information obtained by the positioning is determined as the position information when the vehicle identification of the target vehicle is collected.
  • the acquiring unit 301 acquires the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle from the carrier, including:
  • the carrier is a wireless fidelity WIFI device provided by the target vehicle
  • the vehicle identity of the target vehicle is acquired from the WIFI device when accessing the WIFI device.
  • the acquiring unit 301 acquires the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle from the WIFI device, including:
  • the WIFI identifier of the WIFI device is used as the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle.
  • the location locating device further includes: a storage unit 304, wherein:
  • the storage unit 304 stores the location information corresponding to the vehicle identifier and the vehicle identifier after determining the location information when the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle is collected;
  • the sending unit 303 sends the vehicle identifier and the location information to the server, including:
  • At least one of the location information corresponding to the vehicle identifier and the vehicle identifier is sent to the server.
  • the location locating device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be implemented by using a software, or may be implemented by using a hardware, and is not specifically limited herein.
  • the position locating device provided by the embodiment of the present application collects the vehicle identification of the target vehicle and determines the location information when the vehicle identification is collected, and then sends the vehicle identification and location information to the server, so that the server determines the location of the target vehicle according to the location information.
  • the client can perform the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application to determine the position of the vehicle, which can effectively avoid the problem that the GPS signal strength cannot be located due to environmental factors.
  • the location information when collecting the vehicle identification is determined by different clients, the success rate and effectiveness of the location information collection can be improved, thereby ensuring the continuity of the positional positioning of the target vehicle. And accuracy.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a location locating device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the location locating device includes: a receiving unit 401 and a locating unit 402, where:
  • the receiving unit 401 receives the vehicle identification and location information sent by the at least one client;
  • the positioning unit 402 determines the location of the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle identifier according to the location information.
  • the positioning unit 402 determines the location of the target vehicle corresponding to the vehicle identifier according to the location information, including:
  • the positioning unit 402 processes the received location information, including:
  • the offset weight being used to characterize a degree to which the location information deviates from an actual location of the target vehicle
  • the processing result is calculated based on the deviation weight of each of the position information and the coordinates included in each of the position information.
  • the location locating device further includes: a screening unit 403, where:
  • the screening unit 403 before determining the location of the target vehicle corresponding to the vehicle identifier according to the location information, for the target vehicle, if the target vehicle is received by each client received within the set time period If the number of the location information corresponding to the identifier is greater than 1, the following operations are performed for the location information corresponding to the vehicle identifier of the target vehicle sent by each client:
  • the selected location information is determined as location information corresponding to the vehicle identity of the target vehicle transmitted by the client within a set time period.
  • the positioning unit 402 determines the location of the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle identifier according to the location information, including:
  • the position of the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle identification is determined according to the position information whose number of occurrences is greater than the set threshold.
  • the positioning unit 402 determines the location of the vehicle corresponding to the vehicle identifier according to the location information, including:
  • the motion trajectory of the target vehicle is determined according to each of the positions.
  • the location locating device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be implemented by using a software, or may be implemented by using a hardware, and is not specifically limited herein.
  • the position locating device provided by the embodiment of the present application determines the location information when the vehicle identification is collected by different clients, thereby improving the success rate and effectiveness of the location information collection, thereby ensuring the continuity and accuracy of the location location of the target vehicle.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor and a memory, the memory storing a program, and configured to perform the following steps by the at least one processor:
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, including a program used in combination with an electronic device, the program being executable by a processor to complete the following steps:
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a position location system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the location location system includes a carrier 501, a client 502, and a server 503, where:
  • a carrier 501 located on the vehicle, storing the vehicle identification of the vehicle;
  • the client 502 collects the vehicle identifier of the vehicle from the carrier, and determines location information when the vehicle identifier of the vehicle is collected, and sends the vehicle identifier of the vehicle and the location information corresponding to the vehicle identifier to the server. ;
  • the server 503 receives the vehicle identifier sent by the client and the location information corresponding to the vehicle identifier, and determines the location of the vehicle according to the location information.
  • PLD Programmable Logic Device
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • HDL Hardware Description Language
  • the controller can be implemented in any suitable manner, for example, the controller can take the form of, for example, a microprocessor or processor and a computer readable medium storing computer readable program code (eg, software or firmware) executable by the (micro)processor.
  • computer readable program code eg, software or firmware
  • examples of controllers include, but are not limited to, the following microcontrollers: ARC 625D, Atmel AT91SAM, The Microchip PIC18F26K20 and the Silicone Labs C8051F320, the memory controller can also be implemented as part of the memory's control logic.
  • the controller can be logically programmed by means of logic gates, switches, ASICs, programmable logic controllers, and embedding.
  • Such a controller can therefore be considered a hardware component, and the means for implementing various functions included therein can also be considered as a structure within the hardware component.
  • a device for implementing various functions can be considered as a software module that can be both a method of implementation and a structure within a hardware component.
  • the system, device, module or unit illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product having a certain function.
  • a typical implementation device is a computer.
  • the computer can be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or A combination of any of these devices.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.
  • a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
  • processors CPUs
  • input/output interfaces network interfaces
  • memory volatile and non-volatile memory
  • the memory may include non-persistent memory, random access memory (RAM), and/or non-volatile memory in a computer readable medium, such as read only memory (ROM) or flash memory.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • Memory is an example of a computer readable medium.
  • Computer readable media includes both permanent and non-persistent, removable and non-removable media.
  • Information storage can be implemented by any method or technology.
  • the information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data.
  • Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read only memory. (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, Magnetic tape cartridges, magnetic tape storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transportable media can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device.
  • computer readable media does not include temporary storage of computer readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
  • the application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as a program module.
  • program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, and the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types.
  • the present application can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are connected through a communication network.
  • program modules can be located in both local and remote computer storage media including storage devices.

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Abstract

一种位置定位方法、设备及系统、计算机可读存储介质。该位置定位方法包括：客户端采集目标车辆的车辆标识（101）及确定采集车辆标识时的位置信息（102），之后将车辆标识及位置信息发送给服务器，使得服务器根据位置信息确定目标车辆的位置（103）。与传统通过GPS方式定位车辆位置的方案相比，该位置定位方法可以有效避免因环境因素使得GPS信号强度减弱导致无法定位车辆位置的问题。对于目标车辆，即使在高楼林立、立交纵横的大城市，通过不同客户端确定采集车辆标识时的位置信息，可以提升位置信息采集的成功率及有效性，从而确保目标车辆的位置定位的连续性及准确性。

Description

位置定位方法、设备及系统、计算机可读存储介质 技术领域
本申请涉及计算机技术领域，尤其涉及一种位置定位方法、位置定位设备、定位系统、计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
车辆作为交通工具，为民众提供了出行便利。在实际生活中，准确定位车辆的位置显得十分必要。目前，现有技术提出一种基于全球定位系统(Global Positioning System，简称GPS)的位置定位方法。具体地，预先在车辆上安装GPS模块，当车辆在行驶时，能够通过GPS模块与全球卫星定位系统之间的信号交互，从全球卫星定位系统中获取车辆当前的位置，并由GPS模块将获取到的位置上报给车辆管理服务器，这样，车辆管理服务器能够及时获取车辆的行驶位置。
但是，由于GPS模块与全球卫星定位系统之间传输的GPS信号受环境影响比较大，尤其在高楼林立、立交桥纵横的大城市，使得GPS信号的强度不能满足实际需要，进而使得车辆无法及时获取到包含位置信息的GPS信号，降低了车辆位置定位的准确性。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种位置定位方法、设备及系统、计算机可读存储介质，用于解决现有技术中车辆位置定位不准确的问题。
本申请实施例采用下述技术方案：
本申请实施例提供一种位置定位方法，所述方法包括：
采集目标车辆的车辆标识；
确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息；
将所述车辆标识和所述位置信息发送给服务器，使所述服务器根据所述位置信息确定所述目标车辆的位置。
本申请实施例还提供一种位置定位方法，所述方法包括：
接收至少一个客户端发送的车辆标识和位置信息；
根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置。
本申请实施例还提供一种位置定位设备，包括：
采集单元，采集目标车辆的车辆标识；
确定单元，确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息；
发送单元，将所述车辆标识和所述位置信息发送给服务器，使所述服务器根据所述位置信息确定所述目标车辆的位置。
本申请实施例还提供一种位置定位设备，包括：
接收单元，接收至少一个客户端发送的车辆标识和位置信息；
定位单元，根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置。
本申请实施例还提供一种电子设备，包括：至少一个处理器及存储器，所述存储器存储有程序，并且被配置成由所述至少一个处理器执行以下步骤：
采集目标车辆的车辆标识；
确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息；
将所述位置信息和所述车辆标识发送给服务器，使所述服务器根据所述位置信息确定所述目标车辆的位置。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括与电子设备结合使用的程序，所述程序可被处理器执行以完成以下步骤：
采集目标车辆的车辆标识；
确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息；
将所述位置信息和所述车辆标识发送给服务器，使所述服务器根据所述位置信息确定所述目标车辆的位置。
本申请实施例还提供一种位置定位系统，包括：
载体，位于车辆上，存储所述车辆的车辆标识；
客户端，从所述载体中采集所述车辆的车辆标识，并确定采集所述车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息，将所述车辆的车辆标识以及所述车辆标识对应的位置信息发送给服务器；
服务器，接收所述客户端发送的所述车辆标识和所述车辆标识对应的位置信息，并根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆的位置。
本申请实施例采用的上述至少一个技术方案能够达到以下有益效果：
在本申请实施例所提供的技术方案中，通过客户端采集目标车辆的车辆标识及确定采集车辆标识时的位置信息，之后将车辆标识及位置信息发送给服务器，使得服务器根据位置信息确定目标车辆的位置。与传统通过GPS方式定位车辆位置的方案相比，通过客户端执行本申请实施例所提供的技术方案确定车辆的位置，可以有效避免因环境因素使得GPS信号强度减弱导致无法定位车辆位置的问题。对于目标车辆，即使在高楼林立、立交纵横的大城市，通过不同客户端确定采集车辆标识时的位置信息，可以提升位置信息采集的成功率及有效性，从而确保目标车辆的位置定位的连续性及准确性。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种位置定位方法的流程示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种位置定位方法的流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种位置定位设备的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种位置定位设备的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种位置定位系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了实现本申请的目的，本申请实施例提供一种位置定位方法、设备及系统、计算机可读介质。通过客户端采集目标车辆的车辆标识及确定采集车辆标识时的位置信息，之后将车辆标识及位置信息发送给服务器，使得服务器根据位置信息确定目标车辆的位置。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中所记载的车辆可以是公交车、出租车、公共自行车、共享单车等公共交通车辆，以及除公共交通车辆之外的其他社会车辆，这里不再一一列举。
本申请实施例中所记载的客户端可以应用在智能终端设备中，例如：智能手机；也可以应用在车辆管理设备中，例如：部署在交通路口的监控设备，这里对于客户端的应用设备不做限定。
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请具体实施例及相应的附图对本申请技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
以下结合附图，详细说明本申请各实施例提供的技术方案。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种位置定位方法的流程示意图。所述方法可以如下所示。本申请实施例的执行主体为客户端，即能够实现本申请实施例中所记载的技术方案的应用客户端，可以以APP的形式运行于智能终端设备中。
步骤101：采集目标车辆的车辆标识。
在本申请实施例中所记载的目标车辆可以是任意一台车辆，将一台车辆作为本申请所记载技术方案的研究对象。本申请实施例中所记载的车辆标识能够唯一表征该车辆，可以为车辆的型号、车辆的发动机编号、车辆的车牌号等等。
假设目标车辆为公共交通车辆，那么本申请实施例中所记载的车辆标识还可以包含公共交通车辆的车次信息。
在实际应用中，能够采集到目标车辆的车辆标识的用户大致可以分为三类：第一类是目标车辆的驾驶员；第二类是乘坐目标车辆的乘客；第三类是位于目标车辆附近的其他人员。这三类人员都可以采集到目标车辆的车辆标识，但是采集目标车辆的车辆标识所采用的方法可能相同，也可能不同。
下面详细描述如何采集目标车辆的车辆标识。
第一种方式：适用于目标车辆的驾驶员。
在本申请实施例中，目标车辆的驾驶员在驾驶该目标车辆时，可以采用但不限于以下方式使得客户端采集到目标车辆的车辆标识：
客户端接收驾驶员输入的车辆标识，此时可以视为客户端采集到目标车辆的车辆标识。
假设目标车辆为公共交通车辆，该客户端应用于公共交通车辆管理系统中，那么在公共交通车辆管理系统为该驾驶员分配车辆后，可以将所分配车辆(本申请实施例中所记载的目标车辆)的车辆标识发送给该驾驶员所使用的客户端，此时客户端也可以采集到目标车辆的车辆标识。
第二种方式：在目标车辆中配置承载车辆标识的载体。
具体地，若检测到承载所述目标车辆的车辆标识的载体，则从所述载体中获取所述目标车辆的所述车辆标识。
在本申请实施例中，承载所述目标车辆的车辆标识的载体可以是无线射频识别(RFID；Radio Frequency Identification)标签；也可以是车载收费终端，在该车载收费终端中存储车辆的车辆标识；还可以是存储车辆标识的二维码图片，这里对于载体的表现形式不做具体限定。
下面针对不同类型的载体分别进行详细说明。
1、若承载所述目标车辆的车辆标识的载体为RFID标签，则当检测到所述RFID标签时，从所述RFID标签中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
具体地，当客户端与承载所述目标车辆的车辆标识的RFID标签之间的距离小于等于RFID标签所发射射频信号的传播距离时，客户端能够接收到该 RFID标签发送的射频信号，此时视为客户端检测到RFID标签。这样，客户端能够从接收到的射频信号中解析得到该目标车辆的车辆标识。
需要说明的是，RFID标签作为一种非接触式的自动识别标签，能够通过射频信号来传输车辆标识。RFID标签又可称为电子标签或智能标签，利用电子技术将车辆的车辆标识存储在一个存储空间中。根据自身是否携带电源，RFID标签可以分为被动式RFID标签(即无源RFID标签)和主动式RFID标签(即有源RFID标签)。
以无源RFID标签为例。客户端可以通过广播的方式发送请求消息，该请求消息用于请求车辆标识，由于无源RFID标签中包含无线电波收发器，因此无源RFID标签可以通过该无线电波收发器接收到客户端广播的请求消息，并通过射频信号的形式向该客户端发送所存储的车辆标识，这样，客户端能够从该无源RFID标签中获取到车辆的车辆标识。
以有源RFID标签为例。有源RFID标签具备主动发送射频信号的特点，也就是说，有源RFID标签通过广播的方式发送射频信号，当客户端与有源RFID标签之间的距离小于等于该射频信号的传播距离时，客户端接收有源RFID标签广播的射频信号，并能够从该射频信号中解析得到车辆的车辆标识。
也就是说，可以在车辆上设置RFID标签，只要客户端与RFID标签之间的距离满足RFID标签所发射的射频信号的传播距离的要求，客户端即可从RFID标签中获取到车辆的车辆标识。
在本申请实施例中，如果承载车辆标识的载体为RFID标签，客户端可以动态实现采集车辆的车辆标识，实现车辆标识采集的自动性及实时性，为后续准确定位车辆的位置奠定基础。
需要说明的是，第二种方式可以适用于目标车辆的驾驶员、乘坐目标车辆的乘客以及位于目标车辆附近的其他人员。这种方式采集目标车辆的车辆标识相对灵活。
较优地，在本申请实施例中，客户端除了可以实时的与RFID标签之间进行信号交互之外，还可以采用周期(或定时)的方式与RFID标签之间进行信号交互。具体地，定时地从所述RFID标签中采集车辆标识。
例如：车辆的驾驶员所使用的客户端可以从该驾驶员登上该车辆开始，一旦确定该客户端处于运行状态，即可采用上述记载的方式从车辆的RFID标签中获取该车辆的车辆标识。再例如：乘坐该车辆的乘客可以在乘车的过程中，从车辆的RFID标签中获取该车辆的车辆标识。
至于是周期采集，还是定时采集，还是实时采集，需要根据实际需要进行确定，也可以由用户(例如：驾驶员、乘车的乘客等等)自己确定，在本申请实施例中不做具体限定。
由于RFID标签所发送的射频信号有一定的信号强度，这样，在该发射信号的覆盖范围之内出现的用户都可以接收到该射频信号，即能够从车辆的RFID标签中获取该车辆的车辆标识。也就是说，如果载体为RFID标签，那么获取到该车辆的车辆标识的方式相对灵活，也能够使本申请实施例中所记载的技术方案得以广泛使用。
2、若承载所述目标车辆的车辆标识的载体为车载收费终端，则在向所述车载收费终端发送乘车请求时，从所述车载收费终端中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
具体地，在实际应用中，如果目标车辆为公共交通车辆，为了及时定位车辆的位置，以便于全面了解公共交通车辆的分布以及运营情况，可以按照本申请实施例所记载的技术方案确定车辆的位置。为了提高车辆位置定位的准确性，可以将车辆标识存储在车载收费终端中，这样，当用户在登车向车载收费终端发送乘车请求时，通过近场通信NFC方式，从所述车载收费终端中获取所述车辆标识。
需要说明的是，这里的乘车请求可以理解为用户在上车时向车载收费终端发送的，以便于车载收费终端确定该用户上车的车站，为后续计算乘车费用做 准备。
3、若所述载体为所述目标车辆提供的无线保真WIFI设备，那么在接入所述WIFI设备时，从所述WIFI设备中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
具体地，随着移动互联网技术的发展，在车辆上安装WIFI设备越来越普遍，通过WIFI设备能够为乘车的用户提供移动互联网服务。在本申请实施例中，可以将车辆的车辆标识存储在WIFI设备中。用户所使用的客户端在接入车辆所提供的WIFI设备时，可以从WIFI设备中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
例如：WIFI设备的WIFI标识能够唯一表征该WIFI设备，当该WIFI设备安装在某一车辆上时，服务器可以存储该WIFI设备的WIFI标识与车辆的车辆标识之间的映射关系，此时客户端可以将所述WIFI设备的WIFI标识作为所述目标车辆的车辆标识。这样，客户端在将该WIFI标识发送给服务器时，服务器也能够根据映射关系，确定出车辆的车辆标识。
需要说明的是，只要能够检测到该WIFI设备的WIFI标识的客户端，都可以通过WIFI设备的WIFI标识获取车辆的车辆标识。
在实际应用中，步骤101采集目标车辆的车辆标识的方式可以采用上述记载的一种方式实现，也可以采用上述记载的多种方式实现，这里不做具体限定。
步骤102：确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息。
在本申请实施例所记载的技术方案中，为了精确定位车辆的位置，在采集目标车辆的车辆标识时还需要客户端定位位置。通过不同客户端定位的位置，为后续服务器根据客户端定位的位置确定车辆的位置奠定基础。
在本申请实施例中，客户端定位位置的方式包括但不限于：辅助全球卫星定位系统(Assisted Global Positioning System；AGPS)定位技术、基站定位技术、基于位置的服务(Location Based Service；LBS)技术等等。
以A-GPS为例。与传统GPS信号相比，A-GPS利用通信运营商部署的基站，辅以辅助服务器与智能手机中的GPS接收器通信而提供定位协助，完成 测距和定位服务。因此，A-GPS对环境依赖性相对较小，可以克服GPS定位存在的问题。
即使在高楼林立、立交纵横的大城市，A-GPS利用移动通信网络进行定位，解决了传统GPS覆盖的问题，移动通信网络信号的信号强度、传输质量也比GPS卫星信号所受环境影响小，客户端对终端位置定位的有效性高。同时，由于A-GPS有移动通信运营基站辅助定位，因此客户端定位的准确度大大提高，进而提升车辆位置的定位准确度。
在本申请实施例中，客户端所定位的位置信息是服务器确定目标车辆的位置的依据，在这种情况下，利用客户端确定位置信息，一是可以省去对车辆进行改进来加装GPS模块，降低生产成本；二是合理利用客户端本身的定位功能，位置定位的效率提高。
具体地，如果客户端通过检测到RFID标签获取到目标车辆的车辆标识，那么客户端在检测到RFID标签时，启动位置定位功能，进而将定位得到的位置信息确定为采集目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息，并可以建立车辆标识与位置信息之间的映射关系。较优地，根据该映射关系，存储车辆标识和位置信息。
较优地，客户端可以定时地从所述RFID标签中获取所述车辆标识，假设客户端采用定时的方式从所述RFID标签中获取所述车辆标识，那么步骤102可以采用实时或者定时(这里的定时周期与采集车辆标识的定时周期相同)的方式确定位置信息。
如果客户端按照定时周期，定时地从所述RFID标签中获取所述车辆标识，在相邻后一次获取到车辆标识时，进一步判断相邻前一次获取到的车辆标识与相邻后一次获取到的车辆标识是否相同，若相邻两次获取到的所述车辆标识相同，那么将在相邻两次获取所述车辆标识期间定位得到的至少一个位置信息确定为采集所述车辆标识时的位置信息。这样，客户端在一个定时周期内得到一个车辆标识与至少一个位置信息的映射关系。
需要说明的是，如果车辆标识的载体为RFID标签，那么对于一个客户端来说，存在同时采集到多个车辆标识的情况，那么客户端可以建立多个车辆标识与至少一个位置信息的映射关系，这里不同车辆标识对应的位置信息可以相同，也可以不同，这里不做具体限定。
具体地，若承载车辆标识的载体为车载收费终端(或者WIFI设备)，在向所述车载收费终端发送所述乘车请求(或者接入WIFI设备)后，周期地或者实时定位位置信息，并将定位得到的至少一个位置信息确定为采集目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息。
由于向所述车载收费终端发送所述乘车请求(或者接入WIFI设备)后，使用该客户端的用户应该一直在该车辆上，直至向所述车载收费终端发送下车请求(或者不再与WIFI设备建立连接)，此时无需客户端再执行车辆标识的获取操作，客户端可以周期地或者实时定位位置信息，这样客户端可以定位得到至少一个位置信息，在这种情况下可以将定位得到的至少一个位置信息确定为采集目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息。
需要说明的是，步骤102中确定位置信息可以与步骤101采集车辆标识同时执行，也可以在步骤101采集到车辆标识之后执行步骤102，这里不做具体限定。对于步骤102中所记载得确定的位置信息为采集车辆标识时的位置信息可以理解为采集车辆标识的时间与定位得到位置信息的时间相同，也可以理解为采集车辆标识的时间与定位得到位置信息的时间存在偏差，该偏差在设置的范围之内即可。
步骤103：将所述车辆标识和所述位置信息发送给服务器，使所述服务器根据所述位置信息确定所述目标车辆的位置。
在本申请实施例中，客户端在采集到车辆标识和定位得到位置信息后，可以即时将所述车辆标识和所述位置信息发送给服务器，也可以在在设定的发送时间到达时，将所述车辆标识和所述车辆标识对应的至少一个所述位置信息发送给服务器。
较优地，客户端在确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息之后，存储所述车辆标识和所述车辆标识对应的所述位置信息。
在本申请实施例中，由于客户端在同一时刻采集到的车辆标识可以不止一个车辆标识，那么客户端可以采用(车辆标识，位置信息)方式将采集到的车辆标识与位置信息发送给服务器。
例如：客户端在同一个时刻采集到两个车辆标识，那么客户端发送给服务器的信息为(车辆标识1、车辆标识2；位置信息)。
再者，在设定的发送时间到达时，客户端在相邻两次发送时间期间可能采集到多个车辆标识，同时也可定位得到的多个位置信息，那么户端发送给服务器的信息为(车辆标识1；位置信息1、位置信息2、……、位置信息n)以及(车辆标识2；位置信息1)，也就是说，在相邻两次发送时间期间中车辆标识1对应的车辆经过位置信息1～位置信息n对应的这些位置。在相邻两次发送时间期间中车辆标识2对应的车辆经过位置信息1对应的位置。
通过本申请实施例提供的技术方案，客户端采集目标车辆的车辆标识及确定采集车辆标识时的位置信息，之后将车辆标识及位置信息发送给服务器，使得服务器根据位置信息确定目标车辆的位置。与传统通过GPS方式定位车辆位置的方案相比，通过客户端执行本申请实施例所提供的技术方案确定车辆的位置，可以有效避免因环境因素使得GPS信号强度减弱导致无法定位车辆位置的问题。对于目标车辆，即使在高楼林立、立交纵横的大城市，通过不同客户端确定采集车辆标识时的位置信息，可以提升位置信息采集的成功率及有效性，从而确保目标车辆的位置定位的连续性及准确性。
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种位置定位方法的流程示意图。所述方法可以如下所示。本申请实施例的执行主体为服务器。
步骤201：接收至少一个客户端发送的车辆标识和位置信息。
在本申请实施例中客户端可以按照上述记载的方式将采集到的车辆标识和定位得到的位置信息发送给服务器，这里不再一一赘述。
步骤202：根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置。
在本申请实施例中客户端可以实时地将采集到的车辆标识和定位得到的位置信息发送给服务器，那么服务器在接收到客户端发送的车辆标识和位置信息时，根据车辆标识确定目标车辆，即按照车辆标识将接收到的位置信息进行分组，将同一个车辆标识对应的位置信息划分在一个位置信息组中，并对同一个位置信息组中的位置信息进行处理，以确定出该车辆标识对应的车辆的位置。
在实际应用中，服务器可以确定一个用于确定车辆的位置的时间周期，即针对目标车辆，确定在设定时间段内接收到的客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息，对接收到的所述位置信息进行处理；根据处理结果，确定所述车辆标识对应的所述目标车辆的位置。
由于客户端所在位置与车辆实际位置之间可能存在差异，在相同时刻不同客户端发送的针对同一个车辆的位置信息也可能不相同，那么在本申请实施例中，可以确定接收到的各位置信息的偏离权重，基于各所述位置信息的偏离权重和各所述位置信息中包含的坐标，计算得到处理结果。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中记载的偏离权重用于表征位置信息偏离目标车辆的实际位置的程度，可以基于车辆当前行驶的道路预估车辆的行驶位置，进而确定接收到的位置信息与预估位置之间的差值，根据该差值的大小确定偏离权重，此外，本申请实施例中所记载的偏离权重的确定方式还可以采用其他方式，这里不做具体限定。
例如：假设目标车辆为公共交通车辆，确定客户端发送的位置信息所对应的道路是否为主干道，若是，则说明客户端有较大可能性是位于车辆上，该位置信息与车辆的实际位置的偏离较小，从而为该位置信息确定的偏离权重值较大；或者，位置信息距离附近主干道的距离是否在可接受范围内，若是，则说明客户端距离车辆不远，该位置信息与车辆的实际位置的偏离较小，从而为该位置信息确定的偏离权重值较大，这种确定方式适用于客户端的使用者为车辆 附近的行人情形；或者，位置信息所对应的道路是否为公共交通车辆的专用道路，若是，则说明客户端有较大可能性是位于车辆上，该位置信息与车辆的实际位置的偏离较小，从而为该位置信息确定的偏离权重值较大。
较优地，在本申请实施例中，由于在设定时间段内客户端发送给服务器的针对同一个车辆标识的位置信息的个数大于1个，那么在根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的目标车辆的位置之前，所述方法还包括：
针对目标车辆，若在设定时间段内接收到的各客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息的个数大于1，那么针对各客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息，分别执行以下操作：
确定该客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的各位置信息的生成时间；
根据所述生成时间，从所述各位置信息中选择满足设定条件的位置信息；
将选择的所述位置信息确定为在设定时间段内该客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息。
假设在T时刻，服务器接收到3个客户端发送的车辆标识以及车辆标识对应的位置信息，即客户端1发送的(车辆标识1；位置信息1)；客户端2发送的(车辆标识1；位置信息2、位置信息3、位置信息4)；客户端3发送的(车辆标识1；位置信息5)。
由于客户端2发送的位置信息有多个，那么在确定车辆的位置时，需要确定客户端2发送的位置信息2、位置信息3以及位置信息4的生成时间，选择其中生成时间距离服务器当前的处理时间最近的位置信息作为客户端2所发送的车辆标识1对应的位置信息，假设位置信息4为符合设定条件的位置信息，那么服务器基于位置信息1、位置信息4和位置信息5，即可确定出车辆标识1对应的车辆的位置。
需要说明的是，这里的设定条件可以根据实际需要确定，这里不做限定。
本申请实施例中所记载的生成时间可以理解为客户端定位得到位置信息 的时间，当客户端发送给服务器的车辆标识对应的位置信息的个数为一个时，可以不发送位置信息的生成时间，当客户端发送给服务器的车辆标识对应的位置信息的个数为多个时，在发送车辆标识和位置信息时，将位置信息的生成时间一并发送给服务器，以便于服务器精确确定车辆的位置。
在本申请实施例中，根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置，包括：
针对目标车辆，确定在设定时间段内接收到的不同客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息；
统计各所述位置信息出现的次数；
根据出现的次数大于设定阈值的位置信息，确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置。
如果出现的次数大于设定阈值的位置信息的个数大于1时，还可以采用上述聚类的方式确定出一个位置信息，那么该位置信息对应的位置即为车辆的位置。
较优地，在本申请实施例中，根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置，包括：
针对目标车辆，确定接收到的所述车辆标识对应的各位置信息的生成时间；
将所述生成时间相同的所述位置信息进行处理，得到在所述生成时间对应的时刻所述目标车辆的位置；
在得到各生成时间对应的所述目标车辆的位置时，根据各所述位置，确定所述目标车辆的运动轨迹。
表1为服务器接收到的针对车辆标识1的位置信息列表。
表1
Figure PCTCN2018091197-appb-000001
按照上述记载的方式，可以确定出T1时刻对应的车辆的位置为(位置信息1和位置信息8)的处理结果1；确定出T2时刻对应的车辆的位置为(位置信息2、位置信息9和位置信息11)的处理结果2；确定出T3时刻对应的车辆的位置为(位置信息3和位置信息6)的处理结果3；确定出T4时刻对应的车辆的位置为(位置信息4、位置信息7和位置信息14)的处理结果4；确定出T5时刻对应的车辆的位置为(位置信息5和位置信息10)的处理结果5。
进而能够根据处理结果1、处理结果2、处理结果3、处理结果4和处理结果5规划出车辆标识1对应车辆的行驶路线。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例所记载的技术方案适用于公交车、公共自行车等公共交通系统，司机、乘客及车辆附近的路人均可使用具备本申请实施例所记载方案的客户端采集车辆标识并定位位置信息，将车辆标识和位置信息上报给服务器。从而，任何对公共交通具有需求的用户可以从服务器中获取所需目标车辆的实时位置。
并且，使用本申请技术方案，借助于客户端来确定采集车辆标识时的位置信息，无需如传统定位方法需对车辆进行改进以在其中安装GPS模块，对车辆无损伤，不会影响车辆布局，降低生产成本。另外，在车辆上方安装承载车 辆标识的载体，可以安装在车身表面或车厢内，对车辆原有的内部结构无改造，成本降低。
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种位置定位设备的结构示意图。所述位置定位设备包括：采集单元301、确定单元302和发送单元303，其中：
采集单元301，采集目标车辆的车辆标识；
确定单元302，确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息；
发送单元303，将所述车辆标识和所述位置信息发送给服务器，使所述服务器根据所述位置信息确定所述目标车辆的位置。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述采集单元301采集目标车辆的车辆标识，包括：
若检测到承载所述目标车辆的车辆标识的载体，则从所述载体中获取所述目标车辆的所述车辆标识。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述采集单元301从所述载体中获取所述目标车辆的所述车辆标识，包括：
若所述载体为无线射频识别RFID标签，则当检测到所述RFID标签时，从所述RFID标签中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述采集单元301从所述RFID标签中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识，包括：
定时地从所述RFID标签中获取所述车辆标识；
所述确定单元302确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息，包括：
若相邻两次获取到的所述车辆标识相同，那么将在相邻两次获取所述车辆标识期间定位得到的至少一个位置信息确定为采集所述车辆标识时的位置信息。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述采集单元301从所述载体中获取所述目标车辆的所述车辆标识，包括：
若所述载体为车载收费终端，那么在向所述车载收费终端发送乘车请求时，从所述车载收费终端中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述采集单元301从所述车载收费终端中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识，包括：
通过近场通信NFC方式，从所述车载收费终端中获取所述车辆标识。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述确定单元302确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息，包括：
在向所述车载收费终端发送所述乘车请求后，周期地或者实时定位位置信息；
将定位得到的至少一个位置信息确定为采集目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述采集单元301从所述载体中获取所述目标车辆的所述车辆标识，包括：
若所述载体为所述目标车辆提供的无线保真WIFI设备，那么在接入所述WIFI设备时，从所述WIFI设备中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述采集单元301从所述WIFI设备中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识，包括：
将所述WIFI设备的WIFI标识作为所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述位置定位设备还包括：存储单元304，其中：
所述存储单元304，在确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息之后，存储所述车辆标识和所述车辆标识对应的所述位置信息；
所述发送单元303将所述车辆标识和所述位置信息发送给服务器，包括：
在设定的发送时间到达时，将所述车辆标识和所述车辆标识对应的至少一个所述位置信息发送给服务器。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例所提供的位置定位设备可以通过软件方式实现，也可以通过硬件方式实现，这里不做具体限定。本申请实施例所提供的位置定位设备采集目标车辆的车辆标识及确定采集车辆标识时的位置信息，之后将车辆标识及位置信息发送给服务器，使得服务器根据位置信息确定目标车辆的位置。与传统通过GPS方式定位车辆位置的方案相比，通过客户端执行本申请实施例所提供的技术方案确定车辆的位置，可以有效避免因环境因素使得GPS信号强度减弱导致无法定位车辆位置的问题。对于目标车辆，即使在高楼林立、立交纵横的大城市，通过不同客户端确定采集车辆标识时的位置信息，可以提升位置信息采集的成功率及有效性，从而确保目标车辆的位置定位的连续性及准确性。
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种位置定位设备的结构示意图。所述位置定位设备包括：接收单元401和定位单元402，其中：
接收单元401，接收至少一个客户端发送的车辆标识和位置信息；
定位单元402，根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述定位单元402根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的目标车辆的位置，包括：
针对目标车辆，确定在设定时间段内接收到的不同客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息；
对接收到的所述位置信息进行处理；
根据处理结果，确定所述车辆标识对应的所述目标车辆的位置。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述定位单元402对接收到的所述位置信息进行处理，包括：
确定接收到的各所述位置信息的偏离权重，所述偏离权重用于表征位置信息偏离目标车辆的实际位置的程度；
基于各所述位置信息的偏离权重和各所述位置信息中包含的坐标，计算得到处理结果。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述位置定位设备还包括：筛选单元403，其中：
所述筛选单元403，在根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的目标车辆的位置之前，针对目标车辆，若在设定时间段内接收到的各客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息的个数大于1，那么针对各客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息，分别执行以下操作：
确定该客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的各位置信息的生成时间；
根据所述生成时间，从所述各位置信息中选择满足设定条件的位置信息；
将选择的所述位置信息确定为在设定时间段内该客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述定位单元402根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置，包括：
针对目标车辆，确定在设定时间段内接收到的不同客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息；
统计各所述位置信息出现的次数；
根据出现的次数大于设定阈值的位置信息，确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述定位单元402根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置，包括：
针对目标车辆，确定接收到的所述车辆标识对应的各位置信息的生成时间；
将所述生成时间相同的所述位置信息进行处理，得到在所述生成时间对应的时刻所述目标车辆的位置；
在得到各生成时间对应的所述目标车辆的位置时，根据各所述位置，确定所述目标车辆的运动轨迹。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例所提供的位置定位设备可以通过软件方式实现，也可以通过硬件方式实现，这里不做具体限定。本申请实施例所提供的位置定位设备通过不同客户端确定采集车辆标识时的位置信息，可以提升位置信息采集的成功率及有效性，从而确保目标车辆的位置定位的连续性及准确性。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电子设备，包括：至少一个处理器及存储器，所述存储器存储有程序，并且被配置成由所述至少一个处理器执行以下步骤：
采集目标车辆的车辆标识；
确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息；
将所述位置信息和所述车辆标识发送给服务器，使所述服务器根据所述位置信息确定所述目标车辆的位置。
需要说明的是，该电子设备具备上述客户端的功能，这里不再一一赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，包括与电子设备结合使用的程序，所述程序可被处理器执行以完成以下步骤：
采集目标车辆的车辆标识；
确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息；
将所述位置信息和所述车辆标识发送给服务器，使所述服务器根据所述位置信息确定所述目标车辆的位置。
需要说明的是，该计算机可读存储介质具备上述客户端的功能，这里不再一一赘述。
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种位置定位系统的结构示意图。所述位置定位系统包括：载体501、客户端502和服务器503，其中：
载体501，位于车辆上，存储所述车辆的车辆标识；
客户端502，从所述载体中采集所述车辆的车辆标识，并确定采集所述车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息，将所述车辆的车辆标识以及所述车辆标识对应的位置信息发送给服务器；
服务器503，接收所述客户端发送的所述车辆标识和所述车辆标识对应的位置信息，并根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆的位置。
在20世纪90年代，对于一个技术的改进可以很明显地区分是硬件上的改进(例如，对二极管、晶体管、开关等电路结构的改进)还是软件上的改进(对于方法流程的改进)。然而，随着技术的发展，当今的很多方法流程的改进已经可以视为硬件电路结构的直接改进。设计人员几乎都通过将改进的方法流程编程到硬件电路中来得到相应的硬件电路结构。因此，不能说一个方法流程的改进就不能用硬件实体模块来实现。例如，可编程逻辑器件(Programmable Logic Device,PLD)(例如现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA))就是这样一种集成电路，其逻辑功能由用户对器件编程来确定。由设计人员自行编程来把一个数字系统“集成”在一片PLD上，而不需要请芯片制造厂商来设计和制作专用的集成电路芯片。而且，如今，取代手工地制作集成电路芯片，这种编程也多半改用“逻辑编译器(logic compiler)”软件来实现，它与程序开发撰写时所用的软件编译器相类似，而要编译之前的原始代码也得用特定的编程语言来撰写，此称之为硬件描述语言(Hardware Description Language，HDL)，而HDL也并非仅有一种，而是有许多种，如ABEL(Advanced Boolean Expression Language)、AHDL(Altera Hardware Description Language)、Confluence、CUPL(Cornell University Programming Language)、HDCal、JHDL(Java Hardware Description Language)、Lava、Lola、MyHDL、PALASM、RHDL(Ruby Hardware Description Language)等，目前最普遍使用的是VHDL(Very-High-Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language)与Verilog。本领域技术人员也应该清楚，只需要将方法流程用上述几种硬件描述语言稍作逻辑编程并编程到集成电路中，就可以很容易得到实现该逻辑方法流程的硬件电路。
控制器可以按任何适当的方式实现，例如，控制器可以采取例如微处理器或处理器以及存储可由该(微)处理器执行的计算机可读程序代码(例如软件 或固件)的计算机可读介质、逻辑门、开关、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、可编程逻辑控制器和嵌入微控制器的形式，控制器的例子包括但不限于以下微控制器：ARC 625D、Atmel AT91SAM、Microchip PIC18F26K20以及Silicone Labs C8051F320，存储器控制器还可以被实现为存储器的控制逻辑的一部分。本领域技术人员也知道，除了以纯计算机可读程序代码方式实现控制器以外，完全可以通过将方法步骤进行逻辑编程来使得控制器以逻辑门、开关、专用集成电路、可编程逻辑控制器和嵌入微控制器等的形式来实现相同功能。因此这种控制器可以被认为是一种硬件部件，而对其内包括的用于实现各种功能的装置也可以视为硬件部件内的结构。或者甚至，可以将用于实现各种功能的装置视为既可以是实现方法的软件模块又可以是硬件部件内的结构。
上述实施例阐明的系统、装置、模块或单元，具体可以由计算机芯片或实体实现，或者由具有某种功能的产品来实现。一种典型的实现设备为计算机。具体的，计算机例如可以为个人计算机、膝上型计算机、蜂窝电话、相机电话、智能电话、个人数字助理、媒体播放器、导航设备、电子邮件设备、游戏控制台、平板计算机、可穿戴设备或者这些设备中的任何设备的组合。
为了描述的方便，描述以上装置时以功能分为各种单元分别描述。当然，在实施本申请时可以把各单元的功能在同一个或多个软件和/或硬件中实现。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/ 或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
在一个典型的配置中，计算设备包括一个或多个处理器(CPU)、输入/输出接口、网络接口和内存。
内存可能包括计算机可读介质中的非永久性存储器，随机存取存储器(RAM)和/或非易失性内存等形式，如只读存储器(ROM)或闪存(flash RAM)。内存是计算机可读介质的示例。
计算机可读介质包括永久性和非永久性、可移动和非可移动媒体可以由任何方法或技术来实现信息存储。信息可以是计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序的模块或其他数据。计算机的存储介质的例子包括，但不限于相变内存(PRAM)、静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、其他类型的随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、快闪记忆体或其他内存技术、只读光盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、数字多功能光盘(DVD)或其他光学存储、磁盒式磁带，磁带磁磁盘存储或其他磁性存储设备或任何其他非传输介质，可用于存储可以被计算设备访问的信 息。按照本文中的界定，计算机可读介质不包括暂存电脑可读媒体(transitory media)，如调制的数据信号和载波。
还需要说明的是，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、商品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、商品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、商品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
本申请可以在由计算机执行的计算机可执行指令的一般上下文中描述，例如程序模块。一般地，程序模块包括执行特定任务或实现特定抽象数据类型的例程、程序、对象、组件、数据结构等等。也可以在分布式计算环境中实践本申请，在这些分布式计算环境中，由通过通信网络而被连接的远程处理设备来执行任务。在分布式计算环境中，程序模块可以位于包括存储设备在内的本地和远程计算机存储介质中。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于系统实施例而言，由于其基本相似于方法实施例，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请。对于本领域技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原理之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的权利要求范围之内。

Claims (35)

  1. 一种位置定位方法，包括：
    采集目标车辆的车辆标识；
    确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息；
    将所述车辆标识和所述位置信息发送给服务器，使所述服务器根据所述位置信息确定所述目标车辆的位置。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的位置定位方法，所述采集目标车辆的车辆标识，包括：
    若检测到承载所述目标车辆的车辆标识的载体，则从所述载体中获取所述目标车辆的所述车辆标识。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的位置定位方法，从所述载体中获取所述目标车辆的所述车辆标识，包括：
    若所述载体为无线射频识别RFID标签，则当检测到所述RFID标签时，从所述RFID标签中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的位置定位方法，从所述RFID标签中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识，包括：
    定时地从所述RFID标签中获取所述车辆标识；
    所述确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息，包括：
    若相邻两次获取到的所述车辆标识相同，那么将在相邻两次获取所述车辆标识期间定位得到的至少一个位置信息确定为采集所述车辆标识时的位置信息。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的位置定位方法，从所述载体中获取所述目标车辆的所述车辆标识，包括：
    若所述载体为车载收费终端，那么在向所述车载收费终端发送乘车请求时，从所述车载收费终端中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的位置定位方法，从所述车载收费终端中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识，包括：
    通过近场通信NFC方式，从所述车载收费终端中获取所述车辆标识。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的位置定位方法，所述确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息，包括：
    在向所述车载收费终端发送所述乘车请求后，周期地或者实时定位位置信息；
    将定位得到的至少一个位置信息确定为采集目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息。
  8. 如权利要求2所述的位置定位方法，从所述载体中获取所述目标车辆的所述车辆标识，包括：
    若所述载体为所述目标车辆提供的无线保真WIFI设备，那么在接入所述WIFI设备时，从所述WIFI设备中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的位置定位方法，从所述WIFI设备中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识，包括：
    将所述WIFI设备的WIFI标识作为所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
  10. 如权利要求1、4或7所述的位置定位方法，所述方法还包括：
    在确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息之后，存储所述车辆标识和所述车辆标识对应的所述位置信息；
    所述将所述车辆标识和所述位置信息发送给服务器，包括：
    在设定的发送时间到达时，将所述车辆标识和所述车辆标识对应的至少一个所述位置信息发送给服务器。
  11. 一种位置定位方法，包括：
    接收至少一个客户端发送的车辆标识和位置信息；
    根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的位置定位方法，根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的目标车辆的位置，包括：
    针对目标车辆，确定在设定时间段内接收到的不同客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息；
    对接收到的所述位置信息进行处理；
    根据处理结果，确定所述车辆标识对应的所述目标车辆的位置。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的位置定位方法，对接收到的所述位置信息进行处理，包括：
    确定接收到的各所述位置信息的偏离权重，所述偏离权重用于表征位置信息偏离目标车辆的实际位置的程度；
    基于各所述位置信息的偏离权重和各所述位置信息中包含的坐标，计算得到处理结果。
  14. 如权利要求11或12所述的位置定位方法，在根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的目标车辆的位置之前，所述方法还包括：
    针对目标车辆，若在设定时间段内接收到的各客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息的个数大于1，那么针对各客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息，分别执行以下操作：
    确定该客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的各位置信息的生成时间；
    根据所述生成时间，从所述各位置信息中选择满足设定条件的位置信息；
    将选择的所述位置信息确定为在设定时间段内该客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息。
  15. 如权利要求11所述的位置定位方法，根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置，包括：
    针对目标车辆，确定在设定时间段内接收到的不同客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息；
    统计各所述位置信息出现的次数；
    根据出现的次数大于设定阈值的位置信息，确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置。
  16. 如权利要求11所述的位置定位方法，根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置，包括：
    针对目标车辆，确定接收到的所述车辆标识对应的各位置信息的生成时间；
    将所述生成时间相同的所述位置信息进行处理，得到在所述生成时间对应的时刻所述目标车辆的位置；
    在得到各生成时间对应的所述目标车辆的位置时，根据各所述位置，确定所述目标车辆的运动轨迹。
  17. 一种位置定位设备，包括：
    采集单元，采集目标车辆的车辆标识；
    确定单元，确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息；
    发送单元，将所述车辆标识和所述位置信息发送给服务器，使所述服务器根据所述位置信息确定所述目标车辆的位置。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的位置定位设备，所述采集单元采集目标车辆的车辆标识，包括：
    若检测到承载所述目标车辆的车辆标识的载体，则从所述载体中获取所述目标车辆的所述车辆标识。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的位置定位设备，所述采集单元从所述载体中获取所述目标车辆的所述车辆标识，包括：
    若所述载体为无线射频识别RFID标签，则当检测到所述RFID标签时，从所述RFID标签中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的位置定位设备，所述采集单元从所述RFID标签中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识，包括：
    定时地从所述RFID标签中获取所述车辆标识；
    所述确定单元确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息，包括：
    若相邻两次获取到的所述车辆标识相同，那么将在相邻两次获取所述车辆标识期间定位得到的至少一个位置信息确定为采集所述车辆标识时的位置信息。
  21. 如权利要求18所述的位置定位设备，所述采集单元从所述载体中获取所述目标车辆的所述车辆标识，包括：
    若所述载体为车载收费终端，那么在向所述车载收费终端发送乘车请求时，从所述车载收费终端中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的位置定位设备，所述采集单元从所述车载收费终端中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识，包括：
    通过近场通信NFC方式，从所述车载收费终端中获取所述车辆标识。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的位置定位设备，所述确定单元确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息，包括：
    在向所述车载收费终端发送所述乘车请求后，周期地或者实时定位位置信息；
    将定位得到的至少一个位置信息确定为采集目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息。
  24. 如权利要求18所述的位置定位设备，所述采集单元从所述载体中获取所述目标车辆的所述车辆标识，包括：
    若所述载体为所述目标车辆提供的无线保真WIFI设备，那么在接入所述WIFI设备时，从所述WIFI设备中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
  25. 如权利要求24所述的位置定位设备，所述采集单元从所述WIFI设备中获取所述目标车辆的车辆标识，包括：
    将所述WIFI设备的WIFI标识作为所述目标车辆的车辆标识。
  26. 如权利要求17、20或23所述的位置定位设备，所述位置定位设备还包括：存储单元，其中：
    所述存储单元，在确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息之后，存储所述车辆标识和所述车辆标识对应的所述位置信息；
    所述发送单元将所述车辆标识和所述位置信息发送给服务器，包括：
    在设定的发送时间到达时，将所述车辆标识和所述车辆标识对应的至少一个所述位置信息发送给服务器。
  27. 一种位置定位设备，包括：
    接收单元，接收至少一个客户端发送的车辆标识和位置信息；
    定位单元，根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置。
  28. 如权利要求27所述的位置定位设备，所述定位单元根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的目标车辆的位置，包括：
    针对目标车辆，确定在设定时间段内接收到的不同客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息；
    对接收到的所述位置信息进行处理；
    根据处理结果，确定所述车辆标识对应的所述目标车辆的位置。
  29. 如权利要求28所述的位置定位设备，所述定位单元对接收到的所述位置信息进行处理，包括：
    确定接收到的各所述位置信息的偏离权重，所述偏离权重用于表征位置信息偏离目标车辆的实际位置的程度；
    基于各所述位置信息的偏离权重和各所述位置信息中包含的坐标，计算得到处理结果。
  30. 如权利要求27或28所述的位置定位设备，所述位置定位设备还包括：筛选单元，其中：
    所述筛选单元，在根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的目标车辆的位置之前，针对目标车辆，若在设定时间段内接收到的各客户端发送的所述目 标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息的个数大于1，那么针对各客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息，分别执行以下操作：
    确定该客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的各位置信息的生成时间；
    根据所述生成时间，从所述各位置信息中选择满足设定条件的位置信息；
    将选择的所述位置信息确定为在设定时间段内该客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息。
  31. 如权利要求27所述的位置定位设备，所述定位单元根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置，包括：
    针对目标车辆，确定在设定时间段内接收到的不同客户端发送的所述目标车辆的车辆标识所对应的位置信息；
    统计各所述位置信息出现的次数；
    根据出现的次数大于设定阈值的位置信息，确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置。
  32. 如权利要求27所述的位置定位设备，所述定位单元根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆标识对应的车辆的位置，包括：
    针对目标车辆，确定接收到的所述车辆标识对应的各位置信息的生成时间；
    将所述生成时间相同的所述位置信息进行处理，得到在所述生成时间对应的时刻所述目标车辆的位置；
    在得到各生成时间对应的所述目标车辆的位置时，根据各所述位置，确定所述目标车辆的运动轨迹。
  33. 一种电子设备，包括：至少一个处理器及存储器，所述存储器存储有程序，并且被配置成由所述至少一个处理器执行以下步骤：
    采集目标车辆的车辆标识；
    确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息；
    将所述位置信息和所述车辆标识发送给服务器，使所述服务器根据所述位置信息确定所述目标车辆的位置。
  34. 一种计算机可读存储介质，包括与电子设备结合使用的程序，所述程序可被处理器执行以完成以下步骤：
    采集目标车辆的车辆标识；
    确定采集所述目标车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息；
    将所述位置信息和所述车辆标识发送给服务器，使所述服务器根据所述位置信息确定所述目标车辆的位置。
  35. 一种位置定位系统，包括：
    载体，位于车辆上，存储所述车辆的车辆标识；
    客户端，从所述载体中采集所述车辆的车辆标识，并确定采集所述车辆的车辆标识时的位置信息，将所述车辆的车辆标识以及所述车辆标识对应的位置信息发送给服务器；
    服务器，接收所述客户端发送的所述车辆标识和所述车辆标识对应的位置信息，并根据所述位置信息确定所述车辆的位置。
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