WO2018230055A1 - 炭素繊維の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭素繊維の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018230055A1 WO2018230055A1 PCT/JP2018/009001 JP2018009001W WO2018230055A1 WO 2018230055 A1 WO2018230055 A1 WO 2018230055A1 JP 2018009001 W JP2018009001 W JP 2018009001W WO 2018230055 A1 WO2018230055 A1 WO 2018230055A1
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- exhaust gas
- outside air
- carbon fiber
- combustion device
- gas combustion
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/32—Apparatus therefor
- D01F9/328—Apparatus therefor for manufacturing filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation, or polymerisation products
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
- D01F9/21—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F9/22—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
- D01F9/21—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F9/22—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles
- D01F9/225—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles from stabilised polyacrylonitriles
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/32—Apparatus therefor
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J13/00—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
- D02J13/008—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass with elimination of fumes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
- F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
- F23L15/04—Arrangements of recuperators
- F23L15/045—Arrangements of recuperators using intermediate heat-transfer fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/002—Regulating air supply or draught using electronic means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/04—Regulating air supply or draught by operation of single valves or dampers by temperature sensitive elements
- F23N3/042—Regulating air supply or draught by operation of single valves or dampers by temperature sensitive elements using electronic means
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/14—Gaseous waste or fumes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/55—Controlling; Monitoring or measuring
- F23G2900/55001—Controlling combustion air preheating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
- F23N2221/08—Preheating the air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
- F23N2221/10—Analysing fuel properties, e.g. density, calorific
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/32—Direct CO2 mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a carbon fiber manufacturing method using a specific exhaust gas treatment apparatus.
- Carbon fiber is used for various applications as a reinforcing fiber material for fiber reinforced resin, taking advantage of its high specific strength, high specific modulus, low specific resistance, and excellent chemical resistance.
- a polyacrylonitrile-based fiber hereinafter referred to as a PAN-based fiber
- the carbon fiber is mainly manufactured by the following steps, for example.
- the precursor fiber is flameproofed at a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C. in an oxidizing gas such as air to obtain a flameproofed fiber.
- Flameproofing process carbonization process in which carbonized flameproofing fiber is obtained by carbonizing flameproofing fiber at a temperature of 300-2000 ° C in an inert atmosphere in a carbonization furnace, and graphite processed at a higher temperature if necessary It is manufactured through a crystallization step, a surface treatment step for performing a surface treatment on the obtained carbon fiber, a sizing agent application step for applying a sizing agent, a step for drying the carbon fiber subjected to sizing, and a winding step.
- desired fiber properties are obtained in each process by heat-treating the fiber in a high-temperature furnace. At this time, impurities contained in the precursor fiber are decomposed and volatilized in the high temperature furnace. In order to prevent the contamination in the furnace due to these and the deterioration of quality and quality due to adhesion to the fiber, the gas in the furnace is discharged and the gas corresponding to the discharged gas is supplied, and the discharged gas is subjected to combustion treatment. ing.
- Decomposition of exhaust gas containing impurities decomposed and volatilized in a high-temperature furnace generally requires heating at 500 to 1300 ° C.
- flame is directly converted into exhaust gas in a room partitioned with brick.
- Patent Document 1 a structure effective for the decomposition of the gas in the direct combustion type exhaust gas treatment combustion apparatus has been proposed.
- this Patent Document 1 has a plurality of ducts for introducing exhaust gas in a substantially cylindrical exhaust gas combustion treatment furnace, and at least one duct is introduced into the processing chamber so that the gas forms a swirling flow, It is disclosed that it is preferable that the gas forming the swirling flow and the heat generation amount of the gas forming the central flow have a certain relationship.
- Patent Document 2 JP 2006-308275 A JP 2009-174078 A
- Patent Document 2 Although there is an effect of recovering waste heat for supplying to the carbon fiber manufacturing process, the gas discharged from the flameproofing furnace or the carbonizing furnace is connected to the exhaust gas combustion apparatus without separation. However, the idea of changing the supply position to the exhaust gas combustion apparatus in accordance with the heat quantity of the plurality of exhaust gases has not been disclosed.
- the present invention is directed to a method for economically producing carbon fiber by using an exhaust gas combustion apparatus with small energy loss in order to improve the technique.
- the carbon fiber production method of the present invention has the following configuration (1) or (2). That is, (1) a flameproofing step of obtaining flameproofed fiber by flameproofing the precursor fiber by circulating at least hot air; A carbonization step of carbonizing the flame resistant fiber to obtain carbon fiber; A sizing agent application step of applying a sizing agent to the carbon fiber; A carbon fiber manufacturing process having a drying process to dry after the sizing agent application process; A process for producing carbon fiber comprising at least an exhaust gas treatment process in which exhaust gas from a flameproofing process, a carbonization process and a drying process is combusted by an exhaust gas combustion device,
- the exhaust gas combustion step is a heat exchange step in which heat is exchanged between the treated exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas combustion device and normal outside air to form heated outside air, and the heated outside air and normal outside air are mixed and mixed outside air
- the calorific value of the exhaust gas is measured as follows.
- the gas whose calorific value is to be measured, air at 20 ° C., and liquefied natural gas (hereinafter referred to as LNG) are connected to the calorific value measuring device by piping, and an induction blower is installed on the outlet side of the exhaust gas combustion device.
- Gas is supplied into the exhaust gas combustion device by suction. LNG and air for assisting combustion are supplied, and the air volume of exhaust gas is supplied so that the coefficient of variation is 20% or less. It burns using a burner, and the air volume of LNG is adjusted so that the gas temperature after exhaust gas treatment will be 800 degreeC.
- the exhaust gas combustion apparatus is sucked by an induction blower so as to be ⁇ 4.0 kPa, and the treated gas after combustion is released to the atmosphere.
- thermocouple differential pressure (orifice plate) flow meter and manual valve are attached to each pipe of process gas, air and LNG, and insulated from the pipe and exhaust gas combustion device so as not to release heat.
- the calorific value of the exhaust gas is continuously measured using the following formula.
- Nm 3 in the formula 0 ° C. indicating the volume of 1 atmosphere state (m 3).
- carbon fiber can be economically manufactured by minimizing the fuel required for exhaust gas processing and efficiently utilizing the energy of the processing gas after the combustion processing. .
- the carbon fiber production method of the present invention includes at least a process comprising a carbon fiber production process and an exhaust gas treatment process.
- the exhaust gas treatment process is further divided into an exhaust gas combustion process, a heat exchange process, and a mixed outside air supply process.
- the exhaust gas is processed and reused by the exhaust gas processing device including the exhaust gas combustion device (generic name of 1 and 2), the heat exchanger 4, and the mixed outside air supply device (12, 13, 14). It is.
- an exhaust gas flow path (7, 8) from the carbon fiber manufacturing process is connected to a direct combustion type exhaust gas combustion apparatus (1, 2) for combustion processing of exhaust gas, and further exhaust gas combustion
- a fuel supply passage 3 for supplying fuel for fuel and a gas passage 11 for assisting combustion are provided.
- heat exchange step heat exchange is performed between the processing gas sent from the exhaust gas combustion device (1, 2) and the outside air by the heat exchanger 4.
- the processing gas processed by the exhaust gas combustion device (1, 2) is supplied to the heat exchanger 4 through the processing gas flow path 5, and the outside air is supplied to the heat exchanger 4 through the flow path 15 to exchange heat.
- Heat is exchanged in the vessel 4 and heated outside air (heated outside air) is discharged from the heated outside air supply passage 12.
- the mixed outside air formed by mixing the normal outside air supply path 13 through which the outside air (normal outside air) not passing through the heat exchanger 4 passes and the heated outside air from the heated outside air supply path 12 passes.
- the mixed outside air supply path 14 is formed.
- the carbon fiber manufacturing process in the present invention includes the following processes, for example.
- the flameproofing process and the carbonization process are essential processes.
- a PAN-based fiber is used as the precursor fiber, and the precursor fiber is subjected to a flame resistance treatment at a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C. in an oxidizing gas such as air in the flame resistance process to obtain a flame resistant fiber.
- the flame resistant fiber is carbonized at a temperature of 300 to 2000 ° C. in an inert atmosphere to obtain a carbon fiber.
- the carbon fiber obtained by the carbonization step is further subjected to a surface treatment as needed to impart adhesiveness with the resin.
- the surface treatment method is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of imparting adhesiveness to a resin, and examples thereof include a dry method such as ozone oxidation and a wet method in which an electrolytic surface treatment is performed in an electrolytic solution.
- a sizing agent is further applied to the surface-treated carbon fiber as necessary.
- the sizing agent has a function of improving the handleability of the carbon fiber and the affinity with the resin.
- the kind of the sizing agent is not particularly limited as long as desired characteristics can be obtained, and examples thereof include a sizing agent mainly composed of an epoxy resin, a polyether resin, an epoxy-modified urethane resin, and a polyester resin.
- the carbon fiber of the present invention preferably has 1000 to 70000 filaments, and the single-circle equivalent circle diameter is in the range of 4 to 10 ⁇ m. In particular, 3000 to 50000 fibers and 4.5 ⁇ m to 8.5 ⁇ m are more preferable in terms of productivity and carbon fiber characteristics.
- the surfactant imparted to the precursor fiber in order to improve the strength of the obtained carbon fiber is preferably one having good heat resistance, and is not particularly limited.
- a surfactant containing an amino-modified silicone compound is used.
- the imparted substance can be used preferably because it can efficiently treat the thermal decomposition product of the silicone compound, and has the effect of improving the properties of the obtained carbon fiber, particularly the tensile strength, and the stability.
- the silicone oil used in the present invention preferably has a heat resistant residual ratio r of 20% or more, more preferably 40% or more.
- the heat resistant residual ratio in the present invention means a residual ratio after heat-treating silicone in air at 240 ° C. for 60 minutes and subsequently heat-treating in nitrogen at 450 ° C. for 30 seconds. That is, about 1 g of oil agent (in the case of emulsion or solution, emulsion or solution) is collected in an aluminum container having a diameter of about 60 mm and a height of about 20 mm, dried in air at 105 ° C. for 5 hours, and dried.
- oil agents examples include, for example, a modified silicone such as an epoxy-modified silicone based on an amino-modified dimethyl silicone having a functional group of —NH—CH 2 —CH 2 —NH 2 in the side chain, and a dispersion medium.
- a modified silicone such as an epoxy-modified silicone based on an amino-modified dimethyl silicone having a functional group of —NH—CH 2 —CH 2 —NH 2 in the side chain
- a dispersion medium An oil agent is mentioned.
- the sizing agent is applied together with a solvent such as water and a dispersing agent, and after the application, the solvent, the dispersion medium and the like are removed by drying.
- the exhaust gas treatment process of the present invention includes an exhaust gas combustion process, a heat exchange process, and a mixed outside air supply process.
- the exhaust gas in the carbon fiber production process 6 is, for example, a heating gas that is mainly composed of air or nitrogen when heating the yarn before flame resistance or the like, and may contain decomposition products from the yarn, flame resistance Exhaust gas from the furnace, exhaust gas discharged from one or more carbonization furnaces, exhaust gas from the surface treatment process, exhaust gas obtained by drying the surface-treated yarn and the sized yarn.
- the exhaust gas in the flameproofing process is mainly focused on those that have a large amount of heat and those that preferably decompose the gas before being discharged to the atmosphere.
- Gas, carbonization process exhaust gas, and sizing agent-added fiber drying process exhaust gas are indispensable targets, and these are combusted to decompose cyanide, ammonia, carbon monoxide, tar, etc. contained in the exhaust gas
- the exhaust gas combustion apparatus is configured to mix and burn the fuel supply path 3 for supplying fuel for burning the exhaust gas and a gas such as air sent by the blower 10.
- the exhaust gas combustion apparatus has a fuel supply path 3 and an exhaust gas supply path 7 for supplying a high calorific value exhaust gas having a calorific value in the exhaust gas of 250 kcal / Nm 3 or more connected to an inlet side of the exhaust gas combustion apparatus.
- the exhaust gas supply path 8 for supplying the low calorific value exhaust gas whose calorific value in the exhaust gas is less than 150 kcal / Nm 3 is connected to the side.
- a high calorific value exhaust gas having a calorific value of 250 kcal / Nm 3 or more discharged from the carbon fiber manufacturing process is supplied to the exhaust gas combustion device inlet side 1.
- a flame is formed by using the amount of heat generated when the exhaust gas is burned by the fuel and the gas assisting combustion.
- a low calorific value exhaust gas having a calorific value less than 150 kcal / Nm 3 is supplied from an exhaust gas supply path 8 connected from the exhaust gas combustion device inlet side to the outlet side.
- the exhaust gas having a calorific value of 150 kcal / Nm 3 or more and less than 250 kcal / Nm 3 does not differ greatly in energy regardless of whether it is supplied to either the inlet side or the outlet side. It is possible to determine the supply position by confirming the stability.
- the heat generation amount does not vary greatly when the process and its manufacturing conditions are determined, the heat generation amount is divided and supplied to the inlet side and the outlet side according to the heat generation amount of the gas discharged from the process where the heat generation amount has been measured in advance.
- the supply path on the outlet side is illustrated as being installed in a place where the cross-sectional area of the exhaust gas combustion device (1, 2) is larger than that of the supply path on the inlet side. May be the same or small.
- the amount of fuel supplied is preferably controlled so that the temperature in the combustion apparatus is optimal for the decomposition of the impurities.
- the gas and fuel to assist the supplied combustion are determined in advance through experiments or the like to improve the combustion efficiency. It is preferable that the flow rate ratio is controlled to be constant so that the flow rate is supplied at a ratio determined so as to be optimal.
- the gas for assisting combustion normal outside air can be used. It is also preferable to use a part of the exhaust gas mainly composed of air.
- the exhaust gas is supplied in a range of ⁇ 10% around the theoretical air-fuel ratio with respect to the amount of fuel used, and the other exhaust gas , the amount of heat generated in the case of 250kcal / Nm 3 or more from the exhaust gas combustion device inlet side 1, in the case of less than 150 kcal / Nm 3 in the exhaust gas combustion device from the exhaust gas combustion device outlet 2 (1,2) It is necessary to be supplied.
- the exhaust gas mainly composed of air means that the air component is 95% or more, and the remainder contains flammable gas or cracked gas.
- exhaust gas mainly composed of air examples include air exhaust gas that has been heat-treated after the precursor fiber has been unwound, exhaust gas in the flameproofing process, exhaust gas in the surface treatment process, and drying process of carbon fiber with sizing agent added Exhaust gas. It does not specifically limit as the air blower 10, It selects suitably in consideration of an installation place, the temperature of exhaust gas, an air volume, etc. Note that a gas inlet for assisting combustion may be provided in the exhaust gas supply path (7, 8) according to the specifications of the exhaust gas combustion device (1, 2).
- the exhaust gas combustion device inlet side 1 refers to an end surface on the inlet side of the exhaust gas combustion device (1, 2) and a region within 100 cm from the end surface in the longitudinal direction
- the exhaust gas combustion device outlet side 2 is It refers to a region 150 cm or more away from the end face on the inlet side of the exhaust gas combustion apparatus (1, 2) in the length direction.
- the low calorific value exhaust gas is generated at the point where the formed flame is sufficiently diffused. Is supplied, the contact time with the flame can be ensured for a long time, and the decomposition efficiency can be increased.
- the inlet side 1 and the outlet side 2 of the exhaust gas combustion apparatus do not need to be physically separated by, for example, a change in cross-sectional area or a combination of members, but are simply defined by the distance from the end face of the exhaust gas combustion apparatus. .
- the position of the high calorific value exhaust gas supply hole on the inlet side is preferably within 50 cm in the machine length direction from the end surface on the inlet side 1 of the exhaust gas combustion apparatus in the region on the inlet side. Further, the position of the low calorific value exhaust gas supply hole on the outlet side needs to be 150 cm or more away from the end face of the exhaust gas combustion device (1, 2), but from the high calorific value exhaust gas supply hole on the most inlet side.
- a position separated by 150 cm or more is preferable, and further, a position separated by 200 cm or more is preferable. Note that if the distance between the high calorific value exhaust gas supply hole on the inlet side and the low calorific value exhaust gas supply hole on the outlet side exceeds 650 cm, the efficiency is not improved so much, and the apparatus is also increased in size. preferable.
- a plurality of exhaust gas supply holes may be provided in each region on the inlet side 1 and / or the outlet side 2 of the exhaust gas combustion apparatus.
- all the high calorific value exhaust gas supply holes should be provided in the end face of the exhaust gas combustion device (1, 2) and in an area within 50 cm from the end face.
- all the low calorific value exhaust gas supply holes are 150 cm from the high calorific value exhaust gas supply hole on the inlet side, which is located closest to the outlet side. It is preferable that they are separated from each other.
- the exhaust gas combustion device (1, 2) cylindrical so that at least part of the introduced exhaust gas is introduced so as to form a swirling flow.
- the fuel used for combustion can be saved and the combustion state can be stabilized.
- gaseous fuel such as LNG and LPG
- liquid fuel such as kerosene and light oil
- the decomposed processing gas is sent from the exhaust gas combustion device (1, 2), flows through the processing gas flow path 5, is sent to the heat exchanger 4, and is used for heat exchange for heating the outside air.
- the exhaust gas combustion device (1, 2) flows through the processing gas flow path 5, is sent to the heat exchanger 4, and is used for heat exchange for heating the outside air.
- the processing gas flow path 5 penetrates, and further, a normal outside air supply passage 15 for flowing outside air from the blower 16 to the heat exchanger 4, and heating for flowing heated outside air sent from the heat exchanger 4.
- the outside air supply path 12 is connected.
- heat is exchanged between the outside air fed from the outside air supply passage 12 and the processing gas sent from the processing gas passage 5, and flows into the heated outside air supply passage 12.
- the processing gas is sent out from the heat exchanger 4 and guided to the processing gas flow path 5 and discharged as it is outside the system, or, if necessary, particulate matter such as a silicon compound contained in the processing gas, After being removed by a filter (not shown) provided in the processing gas flow path 5, it is discharged out of the system.
- the heat exchanger 4 used in the carbon fiber manufacturing process accumulates particulate matter such as a silicon compound, and the heat exchange efficiency gradually decreases.
- the heat exchanger 4 is provided with a soot blower, and by blowing off the particulate matter by jetting of compressed air, the hot air can be heated without any trouble for a long time. It is preferable.
- Examples of the heat exchanger 4 include a tube heat exchanger, a multi-tube heat exchanger, and a plate heat exchanger.
- a part of the outside air flowing from the blower 16 through the normal outside air supply path 15 is branched from the normal outside air supply path 15 and sent to the heat exchanger 4, and the outside air sent to the heat exchanger 4 is As described above, heat is exchanged with the processing gas fed from the processing gas flow path 5 to become heated outside air (heated outside air).
- the normal outside air supply path 13 and the heated outside air supply path 12 that do not pass through a heat exchanger are connected, and a mixed outside air supply path 14 for supplying to the carbon fiber manufacturing process is provided.
- the mixed outside air supply path 14 includes a temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the mixed outside air that flows through the mixed outside air supply path 14, and a temperature adjustment unit that adjusts the temperature of the mixed outside air that flows through the mixed outside air supply path 14.
- the temperature adjusting means includes a heated outside air supply passage 12 and an automatic valve, and a normal outside air supply passage 13 and an automatic valve.
- the heat exchanger 4, the heated outside air supply path 12, the normal outside air supply path 13, and the mixed outside air supply path 14 can recover the maximum amount of heat generated in the exhaust gas combustion apparatus. .
- normal outside air means air existing outside the carbon fiber production process 6, and is not subjected to any treatment such as heating or cooling from the outside of the carbon fiber production process 6. Used as it is.
- the temperature detection means 18 and the air volume detection means 19 are electrically connected to the control means provided in the heated outside air supply path 12 and the normal outside air supply path 13, and the control means further includes the air volume of each of the supply paths. It is electrically connected to the adjusting means 20. Based on the temperature detection signal from the temperature detection means 18 and the air volume detection signal from the air volume detection means 19, the control means calculates the amount of heat of the outside air flowing through each air supply path (12, 13).
- the air volume and temperature of the outside air flowing through the mixed outside air supply path 14 are determined in advance, the heat quantity is calculated, a control signal is sent to the air volume adjusting means 20 of each of the outside air supply paths (12, 13), and the air volume adjusting means 20 It is preferable that the opening degree of the automatic valve can be controlled.
- the air volume adjustment signal of the heated outside air and the normal outside air may be sent to the automatic valve based on the temperature detection result of the mixed outside air.
- the automatic valve is electrically connected to the control means, and based on the air volume adjustment signal from the control means, the respective outside air supply is performed so that the heated outside air flowing through the mixed outside air supply passage has a desired heat amount and air volume. It is preferable that the air volume of the outside air flowing through the air passages (12, 13) is adjusted.
- the temperature detecting means 18 includes a thermocouple, a resistance temperature detector, and the like
- the air volume detecting means 19 includes various anemometers, pitot tubes, differential pressure flow meters, ultrasonic flow meters, vortex flow meters, and the like.
- the control means may be composed of commercially available products, or may be composed of dedicated hardware and software.
- peripheral devices such as an input device and a display device are connected to the control means as necessary.
- the input device include input devices such as a display touch panel, a switch panel, and a keyboard.
- the display device include a CRT and a liquid crystal display device.
- the mixed outside air whose air volume and temperature are adjusted in this way is supplied to the necessary part of the carbon fiber manufacturing process 6.
- the air volume and temperature of the outside air flowing through the heated outside air supply path 12 and the normal outside air supply path 13 are detected by the air volume detection means 19 and the temperature detection means 18, and based on the air volume adjustment signal from the control means, The amount of heat of the mixed outside air is adjusted by adjustment.
- the air supply destination is not particularly limited as long as it is a process that uses heated air, but it takes into consideration the air volume and temperature from the precursor fiber pretreatment process, flameproofing process, surface treatment and drying process of sizing treatment, etc. However, it is preferably applied to a flameproofing process with a particularly large air volume.
- the temperature adjustment is performed by mixing unheated outside air with the heated outside air, that is, temperature adjustment by lowering the temperature of the heated outside air.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a heater (not shown) is installed in the heated outside air supply passage 12 and / or the normal outside air passage 13 in consideration of the case where the heated outside air falls below a desired temperature.
- the temperature may be adjusted by raising the temperature of the heated outside air to a desired temperature by controlling the chamber with a temperature detection signal from the temperature detection means.
- the heater include an electric heater that can be wound around the heated outside air supply path and the normal outside air supply path 13.
- a damper may be installed in the heated outside air supply path 12 and / or the mixed outside air supply path 14, and the heated outside air and / or the mixed outside air may be discharged to the atmosphere.
- the carbon fiber manufacturing method of the present invention by changing the supply position according to the amount of heat of the exhaust gas supplied to the exhaust gas combustion device, the exhaust gas of the entire carbon fiber process can be processed with one exhaust gas processing device, and Since fuel consumption can be minimized, low cost can be realized. Moreover, since the air volume and temperature of mixed outside air can be adjusted and then supplied to the carbon fiber production process, hot air temperature spots hardly occur, and carbon fibers with stable quality can be obtained under stable temperature control.
- the exhaust gas for measuring the calorific value, the air at 20 ° C., and LNG are connected to the calorific value measuring device by piping, and the induction blower 17 is installed on the outlet side of the exhaust gas combustion device and sucked.
- Gas was supplied into the exhaust gas combustion device. Supply the exhaust gas and air flow rate so that the coefficient of variation is 20% or less, burn the LNG and the gas assisting combustion using a burner, and set the gas temperature after exhaust gas treatment to 800 ° C. The flow rate was adjusted.
- the exhaust gas combustion apparatus was sucked with a blower so that the pressure was -4.0 kPa, and the treated gas after combustion was released to the atmosphere.
- thermocouple a differential pressure (orifice plate) flow meter, and a manual valve were attached to each pipe of the processing gas, air, and LNG, and the pipe and the exhaust gas combustion apparatus were insulated so as not to release heat.
- the calorific value of the exhaust gas was continuously measured using the following formula.
- Nm 3 in the formula 0 ° C. indicating the volume of 1 atmosphere state (m 3).
- thermocouple was attached to the mixed outside air supply passage, and was installed and insulated from the piping so as not to release heat. The temperature was output in this state, and the standard deviation was calculated using the following formula from the output values during the two days of evaluation.
- Example 1 Using a PAN-based precursor fiber having a filament number of 24000 and a single yarn fineness of 1.1 dtex, 0.5% of the above-mentioned silicone-based oil agent having a heat-resisting residual ratio r of 45%, and unwinding from the creel, Flame resistance, primary carbonization, and secondary carbonization were performed, and after surface treatment, an aqueous sizing agent was applied, dried and wound up.
- Example 2 Exhaust gas treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the calorific value of the exhaust gas supplied to the supply hole on the inlet side of the exhaust gas combustion apparatus was changed to 332 kcal / Nm 3 .
- Table 1 shows the amount of LNG used in the exhaust gas combustion apparatus in Example 2.
- Example 3 Exhaust gas treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the position of the inlet-side supply hole was set to 100 cm from the end face of the exhaust gas combustion apparatus, and the position of the outlet-side supply hole was separated from the inlet-side supply hole by 75 cm. .
- Table 1 shows the amount of LNG used in the exhaust gas combustion apparatus in Example 3.
- Example 4 Exhaust gas treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the position of the outlet-side supply hole was 300 cm away from the inlet-side supply hole.
- the amount of LNG used in the exhaust gas combustion apparatus in Example 4 is shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 Except that the total amount of exhaust gas to be processed is the same as that in Example 2, a part of the heat value supplied to the outlet-side supply hole is extracted from a low calorific value exhaust gas of 77 kcal / Nm 3 and supplied as a gas assisting combustion The exhaust gas treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2.
- Table 1 shows the amount of LNG used in the exhaust gas combustion apparatus in Example 5.
- Example 6 Exhaust gas combustion treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature after mixing of heated outside air and normal outside air was adjusted to 165 ° C.
- Table 2 shows the amount of LNG used in the exhaust gas combustion apparatus in Example 6, the temperature in the firing facility, and its standard deviation.
- Example 7 Exhaust gas combustion treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the calorific value of the exhaust gas supplied to the supply hole on the inlet side of the exhaust gas combustion apparatus was changed to 332 kcal / Nm 3 .
- Table 2 shows the amount of LNG used in the exhaust gas combustion apparatus in Example 7, the temperature in the firing facility, and its standard deviation.
- Example 8 Exhaust gas combustion treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the air volume of heated outside air and normal outside air was fixed, and the temperature after mixing was not adjusted and supplied to the firing facility.
- Table 2 shows the amount of LNG used in the exhaust gas combustion apparatus in Example 8, the temperature in the firing facility, and its standard deviation.
- Example 9 Exhaust gas combustion treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the air volume of heated outside air and normal outside air was fixed and the temperature after mixing was not adjusted and supplied to the firing facility.
- Table 2 shows the amount of LNG used in the exhaust gas combustion apparatus in Example 9, the temperature in the firing facility, and its standard deviation.
- Example 10> Using a PAN-based precursor fiber having a filament number of 24000 and a single yarn fineness of 1.1 dtex, 0.5% of the above-mentioned silicone-based oil agent having a heat-resisting residual ratio r of 45%, and unwinding from the creel, It was rolled up after flame resistance, primary carbonization and secondary carbonization.
- air is used as a gas for assisting combustion, and a high heat generation amount of 478 kcal / Nm 3 is generated in the end surface of the exhaust gas combustion apparatus, that is, the inlet-side supply hole provided at a distance of 0 cm from the end surface.
- a low calorific value exhaust gas having a calorific value of 83 kcal / Nm 3 was supplied to an outlet side supply hole 200 cm away from the inlet side exhaust gas supply hole.
- Table 3 shows the amount of LNG used in the exhaust gas combustion apparatus in Example 10.
- Example 11 Exhaust gas treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the calorific value of the exhaust gas supplied to the supply hole on the inlet side of the exhaust gas combustion apparatus was changed to 332 kcal / Nm 3 .
- Table 3 shows the amount of LNG used in the exhaust gas combustion apparatus in Example 11.
- the present invention provides a method for economically producing carbon fibers, and can be widely used in carbon fiber production methods using PAN-based fibers as precursor fibers.
- Exhaust gas combustion apparatus inlet side 2 Exhaust gas combustion apparatus outlet side 3: Fuel supply path 4: Heat exchanger 5: Process gas flow path 6: Carbon fiber manufacturing process 7: High heat generation exhaust gas supply path 8: Low heat generation Exhaust gas supply path 9: Exhaust gas supply path for assisting combustion 10: Combustion outside air blower 11: Gas flow path for assisting combustion 12: Heated outside air supply path 13: Normal outside air supply path 14: Mixed outside air supply path 15: Normal outside air supply path connected to heat exchanger 16: Blower 17: Induction blower 18: Temperature detection means 19: Air volume detection means 20: Air volume adjustment means 21: Flow path switching valve
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Abstract
Description
(1)少なくとも熱風を循環させて前駆体繊維を耐炎化処理して耐炎化繊維を得る耐炎化工程と、
耐炎化繊維を炭素化処理して炭素繊維を得る炭素化工程と、
炭素繊維にサイジング剤を付与するサイジング剤付与工程と、
サイジング剤付与工程後、乾燥する乾燥工程とを有する炭素繊維製造工程と、
少なくとも耐炎化工程、炭素化工程および乾燥工程からの排出ガスを排出ガス燃焼装置により燃焼処理する排出ガス処理工程とを有する炭素繊維の製造方法であって、
前記排出ガス燃焼工程が、排出ガス燃焼装置から排出される処理後排出ガスと通常外気とを熱交換して加熱外気とする熱交換工程と、加熱外気と通常外気とを混合して混合外気とする外気混合工程と、混合外気を炭素繊維製造工程の内、加熱気体を使用する工程の少なくとも一つへ給気する混合外気給気工程からなり、
排出ガスのうち、発熱量が250kcal/Nm3以上の高発熱量排出ガスを排出ガス燃焼装置入口側に、発熱量が150kcal/Nm3未満の低発熱量排出ガスを排出ガス燃焼装置出口側にそれぞれ供給する炭素繊維の製造方法、
または、
(2)少なくとも熱風を循環させて前駆体繊維を耐炎化処理して耐炎化繊維を得る耐炎化工程と、
耐炎化繊維を炭素化処理して炭素繊維を得る炭素化工程とを有する炭素繊維製造工程と、
少なくとも耐炎化工程、炭素化工程からの排出ガスを排出ガス燃焼装置により燃焼処理する排出ガス燃焼工程とを有する炭素繊維の製造方法であって、
前記排出ガス燃焼工程が、排出ガス燃焼装置から排出される処理後排出ガスと通常外気とを熱交換して加熱外気とする熱交換工程と、加熱外気と通常外気とを混合して混合外気とする外気混合工程と、混合外気を炭素繊維製造工程の内、加熱気体を使用する工程の少なくとも一つへ給気する混合外気給気工程からなり、
排出ガスのうち、発熱量が250kcal/Nm3以上の高発熱量排出ガスを排出ガス燃焼装置入口側に、発熱量が150kcal/Nm3未満の低発熱量排出ガスを排出ガス燃焼装置出口側にそれぞれ供給する炭素繊維の製造方法、である。
図2に示すように発熱量を測定したいガス、20℃の空気、および液化天然ガス(以下、LNG)を発熱量の測定装置に配管で接続、排出ガス燃焼装置出側に誘引ブロワを設置し吸引することで排出ガス燃焼装置内へガスを供給する。LNGと燃焼を補助する空気を供給し、排出ガスの風量はその変動係数が20%以下となるよう供給する。バーナーを用いて燃焼し、排出ガス処理後のガス温度が800℃となるように、LNGの風量を調節する。なお、排出ガス燃焼装置内が-4.0kPaとなるよう誘引ブロワで吸引し、燃焼後の処理ガスは大気へ放出する。
本発明における炭素繊維製造工程は、例えば以下の工程から成る。本発明ではこのうち耐炎化工程および炭素化工程が必須の工程である。
本発明では、前駆体繊維としてPAN系繊維を用い、耐炎化工程にて、空気などの酸化性気体中、200~300℃の温度で前駆体繊維を耐炎化処理して耐炎化繊維とする。
炭素化工程にて、不活性雰囲気中、300~2000℃の温度で耐炎化繊維を炭素化処理して炭素繊維とする。
炭素化工程により得られた炭素繊維には、さらに必要に応じて、樹脂との接着性を付与するために表面処理が施される。表面処理の方法としては、樹脂との接着性を付与できる方法であれば特に限定されないが、例えば、オゾン酸化などの乾式法や、電解液中で電解表面処理する湿式法が挙げられる。
表面処理された炭素繊維には、さらに必要に応じてサイジング剤が付与される。サイジング剤には、炭素繊維の取り扱い性や、樹脂との親和性を向上させる働きがある。
通常サイジング剤は、水などの溶媒や分散剤とともに付与され、付与後溶媒、分散媒などを乾燥させて除去する。
本発明の排出ガス処理工程は、排出ガス燃焼工程、熱交換工程および混合外気給気工程からなる。炭素繊維製造工程6における排出ガスとは、例えば、耐炎化前の糸条の加熱などを行う場合の空気又は窒素が主成分で糸条からの分解物を含む可能性がある加熱ガス、耐炎化炉の排出ガス、一段以上の炭素化炉からそれぞれ排出される排出ガス、表面処理工程からの排出ガス、表面処理された糸条やサイジング処理された糸条を乾燥させた排出ガスなどがある。
分解処理された処理ガスは、排出ガス燃焼装置(1,2)から送出され、処理ガス流路5を流れて、熱交換器4に送入され、外気を加熱するための熱交換に利用される。
送風機16から通常外気給気路15を流れる前記外気は、その一部が通常外気給気路15から分岐されて熱交換器4に送入され、熱交換器4に送入された外気は、前述の通り、処理ガス流路5から送入された処理ガスとの間での熱交換を行い、加熱された外気(加熱外気)となる。
図2に示すように発熱量を測定する排出ガス及び、20℃の空気、およびLNGを発熱量の測定装置に配管で接続、排出ガス燃焼装置出側に誘引ブロワ17を設置し吸引することで排出ガス燃焼装置内へガスを供給した。排出ガスと空気の風量それぞれの変動係数が20%以下となるよう供給し、バーナーを用いてLNGと燃焼を補助する気体を燃焼し、排ガス処理後のガス温度を800℃となるように、LNGの流量で調節した。なお、排出ガス燃焼装置内が-4.0kPaとなるようブロワで吸引し、燃焼後の処理ガスは大気へ放出した。
混合外気給気路にK熱電対を取り付けるとともに設置、配管から放熱の無い様に断熱した。この状態で温度を出力し、評価を行った2日間における出力値から以下の式を用いて標準偏差を算出した。
フィラメント数24000、単糸繊度1.1dtexのPAN系前駆体繊維に、先述の耐熱残存率rが45%であるシリコーン系油剤を0.5%付与したものを用いて、クリールから解舒し、耐炎化、1次炭素化、2次炭素化を行い、表面処理後、水系サイジング剤を付与し、乾燥して巻き取った。
排出ガス燃焼装置入口側の供給孔に供給する排出ガスの発熱量を332kcal/Nm3にした以外は実施例1と同様にして排出ガス処理を実施した。実施例2における排出ガス燃焼装置でのLNG使用量を表1に示す。
入口側の供給孔の位置を排出ガス燃焼装置の端面から100cmに、出口側の供給孔の位置を入口側の供給孔から75cm離した以外は実施例2と同様にして排出ガス処理を実施した。実施例3における排出ガス燃焼装置でのLNG使用量を表1に示す。
出口側の供給孔の位置を入口側の供給孔から300cm離した以外は実施例2と同様にして排出ガス処理を実施した。なお、実施例4における排出ガス燃焼装置でのLNG使用量を表1に示す。
処理する排出ガス量の合計を実施例2と同一とし、出口側の供給孔に供給する発熱量が77kcal/Nm3の低発熱量排出ガスから一部抜き出し、燃焼を補助する気体として供給した以外は実施例2と同様にして排出ガス処理を実施した。なお、実施例5における排出ガス燃焼装置でのLNG使用量を表1に示す。
加熱外気と通常外気との混合後の温度を165℃に調整した以外は実施例1と同様にして排出ガス燃焼処理を実施した。実施例6における排出ガス燃焼装置でのLNG使用量及び、焼成設備内の温度とその標準偏差を表2に示す。
排出ガス燃焼装置入口側の供給孔に供給する排出ガスの発熱量を332kcal/Nm3にした以外は実施例6と同様にして排出ガス燃焼処理を実施した。実施例7における排出ガス燃焼装置でのLNG使用量及び、焼成設備内の温度とその標準偏差を表2に示す。
加熱外気と通常外気との風量を固定し、混合後の温度を調整せず焼成設備に供給した以外は実施例6と同様にして排出ガス燃焼処理を実施した。実施例8における排出ガス燃焼装置でのLNG使用量及び、焼成設備内の温度とその標準偏差を表2に示す。
加熱外気と通常外気との風量を固定し、混合後の温度を調整せず焼成設備に供給した以外は実施例7と同様にして排出ガス燃焼処理を実施した。実施例9における排出ガス燃焼装置でのLNG使用量及び、焼成設備内の温度とその標準偏差を表2に示す。
フィラメント数24000、単糸繊度1.1dtexのPAN系前駆体繊維に、先述の耐熱残存率rが45%であるシリコーン系油剤を0.5%付与したものを用いて、クリールから解舒し、耐炎化、1次炭素化、2次炭素化を行い巻き取った。
排出ガス燃焼装置入口側の供給孔に供給する排出ガスの発熱量を332kcal/Nm3にした以外は実施例10と同様にして排出ガス処理を実施した。実施例11における排出ガス燃焼装置でのLNG使用量を表3に示す。
排出ガス燃焼装置に供給するガスを入口側と出口側とで入れ替えた以外は実施例2と同様にして排出ガス処理を実施した。なお、比較例1における排出ガス燃焼装置でのLNG使用量を表1に示す。
排出ガス燃焼装置を2段に区分せず、発熱量が77kcal/Nm3の低発熱量排出ガスと発熱量が332kcal/Nm3の高発熱量排出ガスを火炎根元に設けた供給孔から供給し排出ガス燃焼処理を実施した。なお、比較例2における排出ガス燃焼装置でのLNG使用量を表1に示す。
排出ガス燃焼装置に供給するガスを入口側と出口側とで入れ替えた以外は実施例11と同様にして排出ガス処理を実施した。なお、比較例1における排出ガス燃焼装置でのLNG使用量を表3に示す。
排出ガス燃焼装置を2段に区分せず、発熱量が83kcal/Nm3の低発熱量排出ガスと発熱量が332kcal/Nm3の高発熱量排出ガスを火炎根元に設けた供給孔から供給し排出ガス燃焼処理を実施した。なお、比較例4における排出ガス燃焼装置でのLNG使用量を表3に示す。
全ての例において2日間の連続運転を行った。実施例1~5、10および11では燃料消費量を大幅に削減できた。
2:排出ガス燃焼装置出口側
3:燃料供給路
4:熱交換器
5:処理ガス流路
6:炭素繊維製造工程
7:高発熱排出ガス供給路
8:低発熱排出ガス供給路
9:燃焼を補助する排出ガス供給路
10:燃焼用外気送風機
11:燃焼を補助する気体流路
12:加熱外気給気路
13:通常外気給気路
14:混合外気給気路
15:熱交換器へ接続する通常外気給気路
16:送風機
17:誘引ブロワ
18:温度検出手段
19:風量検出手段
20:風量調整手段
21:流路切り替え弁
Claims (4)
- 少なくとも熱風を循環させて前駆体繊維を耐炎化処理して耐炎化繊維を得る耐炎化工程と、
耐炎化繊維を炭素化処理して炭素繊維を得る炭素化工程と、
炭素繊維にサイジング剤を付与するサイジング剤付与工程と、
サイジング剤付与工程の後、乾燥する乾燥工程とを有する炭素繊維製造工程と、
少なくとも耐炎化工程、炭素化工程および乾燥工程からの排出ガスを排出ガス燃焼装置により燃焼処理する排出ガス処理工程とを有する炭素繊維の製造方法であって、
前記排出ガス処理工程が、排出ガス燃焼装置から排出される処理後排出ガスと通常外気とを熱交換して加熱外気とする熱交換工程と、加熱外気と通常外気とを混合して混合外気とする外気混合工程と、混合外気を炭素繊維製造工程の内、加熱気体を使用する工程の少なくとも一つへ給気する混合外気給気工程からなり、
排出ガスのうち、発熱量が250kcal/Nm3以上の高発熱量排出ガスを排出ガス燃焼装置入口側に、発熱量が150kcal/Nm3未満の低発熱量排出ガスを排出ガス燃焼装置出口側にそれぞれ供給する炭素繊維の製造方法。 - 少なくとも熱風を循環させて前駆体繊維を耐炎化処理して耐炎化繊維を得る耐炎化工程と、
耐炎化繊維を炭素化処理して炭素繊維を得る炭素化工程とを有する炭素繊維製造工程と、
少なくとも耐炎化工程、炭素化工程からの排出ガスを排出ガス燃焼装置により燃焼処理する排出ガス処理工程とを有する炭素繊維の製造方法であって、
前記排出ガス処理工程が、排出ガス燃焼装置から排出される処理後排出ガスと通常外気とを熱交換して加熱外気とする熱交換工程と、加熱外気と通常外気とを混合して混合外気とする外気混合工程と、混合外気を炭素繊維製造工程の内、加熱気体を使用する工程の少なくとも一つへ給気する混合外気給気工程からなり、
排出ガスのうち、発熱量が250kcal/Nm3以上の高発熱量排出ガスを排出ガス燃焼装置入口側に、発熱量が150kcal/Nm3未満の低発熱量排出ガスを排出ガス燃焼装置出口側にそれぞれ供給する炭素繊維の製造方法。 - 加熱外気と常温の空気との風量調整により混合外気の温度と風量を調整する請求項1または2に記載の炭素繊維の製造方法。
- 排出ガス燃焼装置の入口側の供給孔に高発熱量排出ガスを供給し、最も入口側の高発熱量排出ガス供給孔から150cm以上離れた出口側の供給孔に低発熱量排出ガスを供給する請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の炭素繊維の製造方法。
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