WO2018227897A1 - 微型烟雾报警器 - Google Patents

微型烟雾报警器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018227897A1
WO2018227897A1 PCT/CN2017/114341 CN2017114341W WO2018227897A1 WO 2018227897 A1 WO2018227897 A1 WO 2018227897A1 CN 2017114341 W CN2017114341 W CN 2017114341W WO 2018227897 A1 WO2018227897 A1 WO 2018227897A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base
cover body
smoke alarm
button
block
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/114341
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘允彪
Original Assignee
苏州珀斯方得电子有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州珀斯方得电子有限公司 filed Critical 苏州珀斯方得电子有限公司
Priority to EP17885444.4A priority Critical patent/EP3640904B1/en
Publication of WO2018227897A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018227897A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/12—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a smoke alarm, in particular to a miniature smoke alarm.
  • the principle of the smoke alarm is that smoke is detected by the alarm unit in the smoke alarm, and the smoke detector can sound the internal buzzer to alert the user.
  • the invention patent with the publication number "CN102754136A” discloses a smoke alarm device which adjusts the size of the smoke detecting chamber by changing the wing structure of the detecting device, thereby designing a small smoke alarm.
  • the button of the smoke alarm (see the mark 21 of Figure 6 in the above invention patent) is placed on the side of the casing, and the small smoke alarm has been set small enough. Under normal circumstances, the smoke alarm is set. On a ceiling 3 meters above the ground, when stopping or testing the smoke alarm, it is necessary to press a small button from the side, which is extremely inconvenient to use.
  • a micro-smoke alarm comprising a base and a cover body axially movable along the base, the cover body being provided with a detecting portion for detecting a smoke concentration, for a sound generating portion for generating sound waves, a control circuit board for controlling the detecting portion and the sounding portion, a side wall of the cover body is provided with a smoke inlet hole for the smoke to enter the detecting portion, and the cover body and the base are provided with driving by elastic action
  • the cover body is away from the elastic portion of the base, and a limiting portion for restricting the detachment of the cover body from the base by the abutting action is disposed between the cover body and the base, and the control circuit board is disposed on one side of the base body through the cover body
  • the movement of the base direction is triggered by a first button that controls the testing and stopping of the smoke alarm, the detection portion and the sounding portion being electrically connected to a power source within the base.
  • the user moves the cover body toward the base by pressing the top cover body, and the first button on the control circuit board is triggered by the base.
  • the user can stop the smoke alarm and test the smoke alarm.
  • the smoke alarm set in this way is small, and the cover body triggers the area of the cover to occupy 90 of the orthographic projection area of the base. More than %, just press the cover to trigger the smoke alarm; at the same time, after being pressed, pass the elastic portion between the base and the cover to move the cover away from the position where the first button is triggered.
  • the base comprises a mounting plate and a tubular portion connected to the mounting plate, and a bottom of the tubular portion is provided with a partition, and the partition is recessed along the axial direction of the tubular portion to form a battery cavity for the battery to be placed.
  • the top of the tubular portion is provided with an opening for the cover to move.
  • the battery cavity formed by the battery through the partition plate is installed into the base to save space;
  • the tubular portion plays two roles: First, the height of the tubular portion is to provide a position for the battery to be placed, and the smoke is required to be satisfied.
  • the alarm has a service life of 5-10 years, so the battery is large, which limits the size of the micro-smoke alarm to a certain extent; secondly, the cover body is mounted to the tubular portion through the opening, and the height of the tubular portion needs to meet the cover at the same time. Body down the trip.
  • the elastic portion includes a molding hole provided on an outer side wall of the battery chamber and an elastic piece extending obliquely toward the opening direction along the side wall of the molding hole.
  • the elastic piece disposed obliquely to the opening direction functions to reset the cover body by its elastic restoring force, and the elastic piece is formed by the side wall of the molding hole, thereby reducing the elastic piece and the battery.
  • the problem of stress concentration between the sidewalls of the cavity, while forming the hole facilitates the elastic sheet to perform the drafting, and also reduces the difficulty of injection molding.
  • the molding holes are provided in at least two in the radial direction of the tubular portion, and projections of the adjacent elastic sheets in the vertical direction are staggered.
  • the elastic pieces staggered are balanced and outwardly pushed against the control circuit board by elastic deformation, and the single point force on the control circuit board is prevented from being excessively large.
  • the limiting portion comprises a first limiting block disposed on the cover body, a second limiting block disposed on the inner wall of the tubular portion and located in the moving direction of the first limiting block.
  • the first limiting block and the second limiting block are deformed in the horizontal direction to connect the cover body and the tubular portion; during use, when the cover body is due to the elastic portion When the action moves outward, the first limiting block and the second limiting block abut in the axial direction of the cover body, preventing the cover body from being separated from the tubular portion.
  • a switch button for controlling activation and deactivation of the power source is disposed between the base and the tubular portion.
  • the switch button controls the power supply to start, preventing the smoke alarm from wasting power during transportation or storage, thereby reducing the life of the smoke alarm and avoiding the false alarm of the smoke alarm.
  • the partition plate is recessed in the axial direction to form a groove, and the groove extends along the circumferential direction of the tubular body to form a limiting plate, and the bottom surface of the limiting plate forms a block with the bottom surface of the groove.
  • a positioning slot the mounting plate is provided with a limiting block that can be slid into the gear slot, the sidewall of the groove is provided with a first positioning block, and the sidewall of the limiting block is disposed with the first positioning The block cooperates with a first positioning groove that limits the rotation of the partition.
  • the mounting plate and the tubular portion of the micro-smoke alarm function are fixed.
  • the abutting action is limited.
  • the detachment of the tubular portion and the mounting plate, the tubular portion and the mounting plate may be detached when the limiting block is turned out; in the rotating direction of the tubular portion, after the mounting plate and the tubular portion are relatively rotated, the first positioning block is engaged.
  • the bottom of the mounting plate extends axially with a second positioning block
  • the partition plate is provided with a second positioning groove extending in the circumferential direction for rotating the second positioning block.
  • the mounting plate can be rotatably mounted with the tubular portion, and the front and rear installation order of the mounting plate is specified to avoid The mounting plate and the tubular part are reversed.
  • the switch button comprises a lifting column, a button seat disposed on a side of the partition facing the opening, a channel in the button seat for sliding the lifting column, and a second button disposed on the control circuit board, the lifting The second button is triggered by the relative movement of the mounting plate and the tubular portion, and an elastic member that drives the lifting column away from the second button by elastic action is disposed between the top of the lifting column and the second button, and the passage faces the groove A through hole is disposed through the through hole, and a bottom of the lifting column is provided with a starting block extending through the through hole, and the starting block is provided with a guiding inclined surface that drives the lifting column to contact the second button by contact with the rotation of the limiting block.
  • the battery is installed in the battery cavity during the production process, and the battery Cannot be taken out, so the switch button is needed to start the battery; when the mounting plate is not mounted on the base, the lifting column is moved away from the second button by the elastic member; when the mounting plate is mounted on the base, the limiting block and the guiding The inclined surface contacts, driving the lifting column to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member, moving to the second button, triggering the second button, and starting the power.
  • the side wall of the battery chamber is provided with a sliding hole
  • the gear groove is provided with a retaining groove through the partition
  • a sliding block is slidably connected in the tubular portion
  • the sliding block includes a sliding connection on the sliding a trigger block extending into the battery cavity and extending into the battery cavity
  • the sliding block includes a stopper slidingly connected to the retaining groove and extending into the retaining groove
  • the tubular portion is provided with a torsion spring, one end of the torsion spring Connecting or contacting with the tubular portion, the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the trigger block; when the battery is not loaded, the torsion spring drives the trigger block to move to the battery chamber by elastic action, and the stopper is located in the gear slot And limiting the rotation of the limit block; when the battery is loaded, the trigger block leaves the battery cavity and drives the torsion spring to deform, the block is away from the gear slot and the limit block is rotated.
  • the torsion spring driving block moves into the gear slot, that is, the stopper is located within the rotation range of the limiting block, preventing the mounting plate from being mounted to the tubular portion; when the battery cavity During the installation of the battery, the side wall of the battery abuts against the trigger block, pushing the sliding block to move outward along the radial direction of the tubular portion, driving the torsion spring to deform, and the stopper moves outward, and the limiting block can be in the gear slot. Internal rotation to fix the mounting plate and the tubular portion.
  • the base comprises a ribbed tube and a fixing plate
  • the top of the ribbed tube is slidably connected with the bottom of the cover body in the axial direction of the cover body, and the bottom of the fixed plate and the ribbed tube is circumferentially slid A card is inserted
  • a support plate for triggering the first button is disposed in the prism tube, and a receiving cavity for accommodating the battery is formed between the support plate and the fixed plate.
  • the fixing plate is provided with a switch board
  • the shank tube is provided with a travel switch; when the fixed plate and the rib tube rotate in the circumferential direction, the switch plate and the travel switch are relatively moved and contacted. And the switch board presses the travel switch to control the power supply to the circuit board.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: when the micro-smoke alarm is installed to the top of the interior of the house, the user moves the cover body toward the base by pressing the top cover, and the first on the control circuit board The button is triggered by the base. In this way, the user can stop the smoke alarm and test the smoke alarm.
  • the smoke alarm set in this way is small, and the cover body is used to cover the base. If the front projection area is more than 90%, the smoke alarm can be triggered by pressing the cover body; at the same time, after being pressed, the cover body is moved away from the position where the first button is triggered by the elastic portion between the base and the cover body.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 for embodying the structure of a micro-smoke alarm
  • Embodiment 2 is a schematic exploded view of Embodiment 1 for reflecting the positional relationship between the mounting plate, the tubular portion, and the top cover;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a top cover of Embodiment 1;
  • Embodiment 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 for embodying the positional relationship of the support rod, the baffle, and the curved partition plate;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a detecting portion of Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a top surface of a tubular portion of Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the position where the lid body of the first embodiment is connected to the side wall of the tubular portion;
  • Figure 8 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 for embodying the positions of the first button and the second button;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the bottom surface of the tubular portion of the first embodiment.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of a mounting plate of Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of the bottom surface of the tubular portion of the second embodiment
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of a top surface of a tubular portion of Embodiment 2;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of a tubular portion of Embodiment 4.
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view showing the elastic portion of the fourth embodiment
  • Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment 5 for embodying the structure of the switch button
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 6;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic exploded view of Embodiment 6;
  • Figure 18 is a second exploded view of the sixth embodiment.
  • the gist of the present invention is to overcome the problems encountered in miniaturization and miniaturization of the smoke alarm in the overall structure; at the same time, it has two structures for the installation form of the battery, and has the structure of a cable-powered micro-smoke alarm.
  • a miniature smoke alarm as shown in Figures 1 and 2, comprises three parts from bottom to top, namely a mounting plate 11, a tubular portion 12 and a cover 13, the mounting plate 11, the tubular portion 12 and the cover 13 Formed by injection molding; as shown in FIG. 10, the mounting plate 11 is provided with a bolt hole 98 through which the mounting plate 11 is passed through the bolt hole 98 and fixed to the wall surface or the ceiling.
  • the tubular portion 12 has a circular tubular shape, and the bottom portion of the tubular portion 12 is integrally formed with a partition 18, and the top of the tubular portion 12 is provided with an opening 15, and the tubular portion 12 serves as a connecting cover 13 And the function of the mounting plate 11, the connecting structure 16 is disposed between the bottom of the tubular portion 12 and the mounting plate 11, and the top of the tubular portion 12 and the cover 13 are disposed to restrict the cover 13 from being separated from the tubular portion 12 by the abutting action.
  • a limiting portion 7 a detecting portion 2 for detecting a smoke concentration, a sounding portion 21 for generating sound waves, a detecting portion 2, and a control circuit board 4 of the sounding portion 21, and a cover 13 are provided in the lid body 13 from top to bottom.
  • An elastic portion 6 shown in FIG. 6) for driving the cover 13 to move away from the base 1 in the axial direction of the base 1 is disposed between the tubular portion 12.
  • the outer structure of the cover 13 is such that the cover 13 has a circular tube structure, the top of the cover 13 is provided with a sounding hole 17, and the circumferential side wall of the cover 13 is provided with a smoke inlet 5 for the entry of smoke.
  • the smoke inlet holes 5 are evenly distributed on the side wall of the lid body 13 for the smoke to enter the detecting portion 2.
  • the smoke inlet hole 5 is a support rod 22 extending axially along the cover body 13, a deflector 23 disposed between the adjacent support rods 22, and An arc-shaped dividing plate 24 extending in the circumferential direction is formed, and the deflector 23 is disposed obliquely.
  • the sounding portion 21 is a buzzer piece, and the buzzer piece is disposed below the sounding hole 17 (Fig. 3).
  • the detecting portion 2 is a photoelectric smoke alarm structure.
  • the bottom of the detecting portion 2 is provided with two opposite light emitting diodes 25, due to the inside of the cover body 13
  • the space for the detection unit 2 is small, and the sensitivity of the smoke alarm is affected to some extent, and the control circuit board 4 is below the detection unit 2, so two light-emitting devices are provided on the control circuit board 4.
  • the through groove 26 in which the diode 25 is fitted reduces the height of the detecting portion 2 and the control circuit board 4, and increases the height of the detecting portion 2 at the same height, thereby improving the sensitivity of detection.
  • a central position of the bottom of the control circuit board 4 is provided with a first button 41, which is pulsed to the control circuit in the control circuit board 4 by pressing the first button 41, and triggers the control circuit driving in the control circuit board 4.
  • the detecting unit 2 and the sounding unit 21 in Fig. 2 operate; at the same time, the first button 41 belongs to a button that automatically rebounds after being triggered.
  • the specific structure of the tubular portion 12 includes a partition 18 disposed at the bottom of the tubular portion 12, a battery chamber 19 recessed in the direction of the cover 13 by the partition 18, and the battery chamber 19 is located in the partition 18 of FIG.
  • a battery is disposed in the battery chamber 19, and the battery is packaged integrally with the battery chamber 19, that is, the battery is a non-removable battery, and the positive and negative stages of the battery are connected to the control circuit board 4 of FIG. 2 through the wires, and the wires are passed through.
  • the side wall of the battery chamber 19 extends toward the cover 13; the tubular portion 12 is axially opposite to the end of the partition 18 for the cable in the cover 13 to enter the opening 15 connected to the battery chamber 19.
  • the elastic portion 6 is a molding hole 61 and an elastic piece 62 which are disposed on the outer side wall of the battery chamber 19.
  • One molding hole 61 corresponds to an elastic piece 62, and the number of the molding holes 61 is two, and the molding hole 61 is formed.
  • the two molding holes 61 are symmetrically disposed at the center of the upper surface of the battery chamber 19, one end of the elastic piece 62 is connected to the end portion of the longitudinal direction of the molding hole 61, and the other end of the elastic piece 62 is inclined.
  • the opening 15 extends in a direction; the projections of the two elastic pieces 62 in the vertical direction are staggered.
  • the inclined end of the elastic piece 62 abuts against the bottom of the control circuit board 4, and the downward deformation force is converted into The elastic force that drives the cover 13 to move upward.
  • the center of the outer side of the battery chamber 19 is provided with a bump 43.
  • the bump 43 corresponds to the first button 41, and when the cover 13 is When moving toward the tubular portion 12, the bump 43 comes into contact with the first button 41 and presses the first button 41, and in the process, the bump 43 reduces the movement stroke of the cover 13.
  • the limiting portion 7 includes a card insert 14 extending downwardly along the lower surface of the cover body 13, the card fitting block 14 having an annular shape, the outer surface of the annular card fitting block 14 and the tubular portion.
  • the inner wall of the opening 15 of the 12 is fitted, and the card insert 14 makes the outer surface of the lid 13 flush with the outer surface of the tubular portion 12.
  • the limiting portion 7 further includes a first limiting block 71 disposed on the outer surface of the cover 13 (ie, the outer surface of the clamping block 14 ), disposed on the inner wall of the tubular portion 12 and located at the first limit.
  • the position block 72 is deformed in the horizontal direction, and the cover body 13 is embedded in the tubular portion 12.
  • the first limiting block 71 and the second limiting block 72 abut each other in the height direction, limiting
  • the lid body 13 is detached from the tubular portion 12; in the process, the stopper portion 7 functions to connect the lid body 13 and the tubular portion 12.
  • the partition 18 is provided with a switch button 8 for controlling the start and stop of the battery.
  • the switch button 8 is suitable for the case where the battery is not detachable, and the micro smoke alarm is prevented from being triggered by mistake; if the detachable battery is used, the smoke alarm is provided.
  • the battery is not loaded into the battery chamber 19 before being transported and unused.
  • the switch button 8 includes a button seat 82 disposed on a side of the partition plate 18 facing the cover body 13.
  • the button base 82 is provided with a passage 83 extending in the axial direction thereof, and a lifting column 81 is slidably connected in the passage 83.
  • the second button 42 disposed on the control circuit board 4 is activated and deactivated to control the energization and de-energization of the battery.
  • the structure of the second button 42 is the same as that of the first button 41, and the button holder 82 is disposed at the second.
  • the lower end of the longitudinal direction of the lifting column 81 is provided with a starting block 86.
  • the partition 18 is provided below the passage 83 with a through hole 85 through which the starting block 86 passes, and the upper end of the lifting column 81 is elasticized at the upper end.
  • the member 84 i.e., the elastic member 84 is disposed between the control circuit board 4 and the lifting column 81
  • the elastic member 84 is a spring.
  • the inner space of the spring is larger than the second button 42 to prevent the spring from triggering the second button 42.
  • the diameter of the mounting plate 11 is larger than the diameter of the tubular portion 12; the connecting structure 16 between the mounting plate 11 and the tubular portion 12 includes a circular groove 36 provided in the mounting plate 11 into which the tubular portion 12 is fitted.
  • the partition plate 18 of the tubular portion 12 is recessed in the direction of the opening 15 in the axial direction thereof to form a recess 9 in which an outward portion of the recess 9 extends in the circumferential direction of the tubular portion 12 to form a limiting plate 91.
  • a stop groove 92 is formed between the bottom surface of the limiting plate 91 and the bottom surface of the groove 9.
  • the circular groove 36 of the mounting plate 11 is provided with a limiting block 93 that can slide into the gear groove 92; the limiting block 93 Two symmetrical distributions are provided in the circumferential direction of the circular groove 36, and bolt holes 98 are provided on each of the limit blocks 93.
  • the mounting plate 11 and the tubular portion 12 are rotated, and the limiting block 93 is embedded in the gear groove 92.
  • the abutting action of the limiting block 93 and the gear groove 92 prevents the mounting plate 11 from being abutted. Separation from the tubular portion 12.
  • the side wall of the recess 9 is provided.
  • the first positioning block 94 as shown in FIG. 10, the side wall of the limiting block 93 is provided with a first positioning groove 95.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the first positioning block 94 and the first positioning groove 95 is semi-circular, in the mounting plate.
  • the bottom of the mounting plate 11 extends in the axial direction with a second positioning block 96, and the partition plate 18 is provided with a circumferential extending direction and The second positioning slot 97 is rotated by the second positioning block 96.
  • the second positioning block 96 cannot enter the second positioning slot 97, that is, the limiting block 93 and The gear slots 92 are staggered in the height direction and cannot be engaged with each other, thereby preventing the mounting plate 11 and the tubular portion 12 from being reversed.
  • a guiding slope 87 capable of contacting the surface of the limiting block 93 is provided on the starting block 86.
  • the guiding ramp 87 gradually contacts the limiting block 93, and the lifting column 81 gradually moves upward to press the second button 42.
  • the mounting process of Embodiment 1 is: fixing the mounting plate 11 to a wall or ceiling by screws, and the battery is fixed to the battery of the tubular body In the cavity 19, the limiting block 93 is inserted into the groove 9, and then the mounting plate 11 is rotated, and the limiting block 93 enters the gear groove 92, and the lifting column 81 is moved upward to trigger the second button 42 to control
  • the circuit board 4 is energized; when moving to the position where the first positioning block 94 and the first positioning groove 95 are engaged, the mounting plate 11 is fixed to the tubular portion 12.
  • Embodiment 1 by pressing the cover 13, the bump 43 triggers the first button 41 (the outer side wall of the battery chamber 19 can also trigger the first button 41 without the bump 43), and the control circuit board 4 controls the sound generation.
  • the portion 21 sounds or stops sounding for a short time; when smoke enters the cover body 13 from the smoke inlet hole 5, the detecting portion 2 sends an electric signal to the control circuit board 4, and the control circuit board 4 drives the sounding portion 21 to sound to remind the user to catch fire. .
  • Embodiment 2 A micro-smoke alarm, the difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that in Embodiment 2, the structure of the tubular portion 12 is different, and a structure of a replaceable battery is employed in the tubular portion 12.
  • the micro smoke alarm Since the battery is inserted during use, the micro smoke alarm does not need to be provided with the switch button 8; therefore, the problem is solved by confirming that the installed micro smoke alarm has a battery therein.
  • a sliding hole 3 is disposed on one side of the inner portion of the tubular portion 12, and the retaining groove 92 is provided with a retaining groove 31 through the partition plate 18, and a sliding block 32 is slidably coupled in the retaining groove 31.
  • the sliding block 32 forms a trigger block 33 toward one end of the battery chamber 19; the trigger block 33 can be moved into the battery chamber 19 during the sliding of the sliding block 32; the sliding block 32 further includes a slip connection at the stop 31
  • the stopper 34 is inserted into the gear groove 92.
  • the tubular portion 12 is provided with a torsion spring 35. One end of the torsion spring 35 abuts the tubular portion 12, and the other end of the torsion spring 35 is connected with the trigger block 33.
  • the slide block 32 that can drive the slip is reset; the partition plate 18 is bolted to the fixed seat 88, the fixed seat 88 limits the sliding direction of the slide block 32, and restricts the slide block 32 from coming off the slide hole 3.
  • a cover plate 99 (see Fig. 2) is embedded in the battery chamber 19, and the cover plate 99 prevents the battery from coming off.
  • Embodiment 2 The installation process of Embodiment 2 is the same as that of Embodiment 1 except that the mounting process of the battery is repeated.
  • the torsion spring 35 drives the trigger block 33 to move toward the battery chamber 19 by elastic action.
  • the stopper 34 is located in the gear groove 92 and restricts the rotation of the limiting block 93; when the battery is loaded, the trigger block 33 leaves the battery chamber 19 and drives the torsion spring 35 to be deformed, and the stopper 34 is away from the gear groove 92 and is provided for the limiting block. 93 is rotated to fix the mounting plate 11 and the tubular portion 12.
  • a micro-smoke alarm the difference between the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 1 is that the cable power supply mode is adopted in the embodiment 2, and in the embodiment 3, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the tubular portion 12 and the installation are provided.
  • the plate 11 does not need to be rotated, that is, the tubular portion 12 and the mounting plate 11 are integrally formed to constitute the base 1, and the detecting portion 2, the sounding portion 21, and the control circuit board 4 in the base 1 are connected to the cable inside the house.
  • Embodiment 3 Installation Process The cost of Embodiment 3 is relatively low, and the use time is long, and it is only necessary to connect the cable to the terminal on the base 1.
  • Embodiment 3 The use procedure of Embodiment 3 is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described herein.
  • a micro-smoke alarm is different from the first embodiment in the fourth embodiment.
  • the elastic portion 6 in order to improve the service life of the micro-smoke alarm, does not use an elastic piece.
  • the elastic portion 6 in the embodiment 4 includes a spring seat 63 provided on the partition plate 18, and the spring seat 63 is provided on each of two sides of the battery chamber 19.
  • the spring seat 63 is provided with a spring hole 64 extending in the height direction of the spring seat 63.
  • the spring hole 64 is provided with a compression spring 65; in the cover body 13 (not shown) When the cover is attached to the tubular portion 12, the compression spring 65 abuts against the bottom of the control circuit board 4 while the compression spring 65 is in a compressed state.
  • the cover body 13 (not shown) is bounced, and the compression spring 65 made of metal has a service life compared with the elastic piece 62. Longer.
  • a micro-smoke alarm the difference between the embodiment 5 and the embodiment 1 is that, in the embodiment 4, in order to simplify the production process, the switch button 8 is simplified, and the switch button of the embodiment 5 is provided. 8 is in the form of a trigger switch 66.
  • the trigger switch 66 includes a trigger piece 67 disposed downwardly.
  • the end of the trigger piece 67 is semi-circular, and the through hole 85 allows the semicircular end of the trigger piece 67 to pass through and is triggered.
  • the semicircular end of the sheet 67 protrudes from the lower surface of the through hole 85.
  • Embodiment 5 is the same as the use process and action process of Embodiment 1, except that the second button 42 (not shown) and the lifting column 81 (not shown) are replaced with the trigger switch 66 when the mounting plate 11 is When rotating, the limiting block 93 is in contact with the semicircular end of the trigger piece 67, and the trigger piece 67 is lifted up.
  • the trigger switch 66 transmits the model number to the control circuit board 4 (not shown) to control the power supply to start.
  • Embodiment 6 A micro alarm is different from Embodiment 1-5 in that the outer shape and internal structure of the base 1 are adjusted as shown in FIG.
  • the tubular portion 12 of the micro-alarm is changed into a prismatic shape (hereinafter referred to as a prismatic tube 731), which is small in size and rounded in the circumferential direction.
  • a prismatic tube 731 a prismatic shape
  • the base 1 includes two parts, which are a ribbed tube 731 and a fixed plate 732, respectively.
  • the top of the prism tube 731 is slip-engaged with the bottom of the lid body 13, and the prism tube 731 and the lid body 13 are not detachable from each other.
  • a support plate 733 is provided at an intermediate position inside the prism tube 731, and the support plate 733 is connected to the inner side wall of the prism tube 731.
  • the center of the support plate 733 is provided with a bump 43.
  • the bump 43 cooperates with the first button 41 on the PCB. When the cover 13 moves downward, the first button 41 abuts the bump 43 to trigger the first The button 41 is activated, and the bump 43 serves to reduce the movement of the cover 13.
  • the bottom plate of the prismatic tube 731 is rotated and fastened with a fixing plate 732.
  • the fixing plate 732 is fixed by a fixing member such as a screw, and is fixed to the wall surface.
  • the prism tube 731 and the fixing plate 732 are disposed opposite to the limiting block. The structure of 93 is snapped to prevent detachment.
  • a receiving chamber 734 for accommodating a battery is formed between the supporting plate 733 and the fixing plate 732.
  • the shape of the battery is a rectangular parallelepiped lithium battery (shown in FIG. 17), and the shape of the lithium battery is used to reduce the ribbed tube 731. the height of.
  • a stroke switch 736 is disposed below the support plate 733, and the trigger position of the stroke switch 736 is on the side.
  • the fixed plate 732 is provided with a switch plate 735.
  • the switch plate 735 moves and contacts the travel switch 736, and the switch plate 735 presses the travel switch 736 to control the power supply to the circuit board.

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Abstract

一种微型烟雾报警器，包括底座（1）和沿底座（1）轴向移动的盖体（13），盖体（13）的侧壁设置有供烟雾进入检测部（2）的进烟孔（5），盖体（13）与底座（1）之间设置有通过弹性作用驱动盖体（13）远离底座（1）的弹性部（6），盖体（13）与底座（1）之间设置有通过抵接作用限制盖体（13）从底座（1）上脱离的限位部（7），控制电路板（4）朝向底座（1）的一面上设置有通过盖体（13）向底座（1）方向的移动被触发的第一按钮（41），第一按钮（41）控制烟雾报警器的测试与停止，检测部（2）和发声部（21）与底座（1）内的电源电连接。使用者可通过该种方式停止烟雾报警器鸣叫和测试烟雾报警器，该种方式设置的烟雾报警器较小，而采用盖体（13）触发的方式，盖体（13）的面积占到了底座（1）正投影面积的90％以上，方便使用者停止烟雾报警器鸣叫和测试烟雾报警器。

Description

微型烟雾报警器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种烟雾报警器，特别涉及一种微型烟雾报警器。
背景技术
烟雾报警器的原理是，通过烟雾报警器中的报警单元探测到烟雾，烟雾探测器能够使内部的蜂鸣片发出声响，从而警示使用者。
在该领域关于烟雾探测器的主要问题之一是烟雾报警器的体积庞大。为了获得具有一定可靠性且廉价的结构，现有技术中烟雾报警器中的烟雾探测室做的较大。所以，已知的烟雾报警器由于其相对庞大的尺寸，导致它们在大多数家庭中不受欢迎，因此它们的设计很少添加到家装方案中。
现有技术中，申请公布号为“CN102754136A”的发明专利公开了一种烟雾报警器，其通过改变检测装置的翼片结构，从而调整了烟雾探测室的大小，进而设计出了小型的烟雾报警器，但是该种烟雾报警器的按钮(参见上述发明专利中附图6的标记21)，设置在壳体的侧面，小型烟雾报警器已经设置的足够小，在一般情况下，烟雾报警器设置在离地3米高的天花板上，在停止或测试烟雾报警器时，需要从侧面按压较小的按钮，使用极为不便。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种微型烟雾报警器，方便使用者停止烟雾报警器鸣叫和测试烟雾报警器。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：一种微型烟雾报警器，包括底座和沿底座轴向移动的盖体，所述盖体内设置有用于检测烟雾浓度的检测部、用于产生声波的发声部、控制检测部和发声部的控制电路板，所述盖体的侧壁设置有供烟雾进入检测部的进烟孔，所述盖体与底座之间设置有通过弹性作用驱动盖体远离底座的弹性部，所述盖体与底座之间设置有通过抵接作用限制盖体从底座上脱离的限位部，所述控制电路板朝向底座的一面上设置有通过盖体向底座方向的移动被触发的第一按钮，所述第一按钮控制烟雾报警器的测试与停止，所述检测部和发声部与底座内的电源电连接。
通过采用上述技术方案，当该种微型烟雾报警器被安装至房屋内部的顶部时，使用者通过按压顶部的盖体，盖体向底座方向移动，控制电路板上的第一按钮被底座所触发，使用者可通过该种方式停止烟雾报警器鸣叫和测试烟雾报警器，该种方式设置的烟雾报警器较小，而采用盖体触发的方式，盖体的面积占到了底座正投影面积的90％以上，只需按压盖体，即可触发烟雾报警器；同时被按压后，通过底座与盖体之间的弹性部，使盖体远离触发第一按钮的位置。
作为优选，所述底座包括安装板和连接在安装板上的管状部，所述管状部的底部设置有隔板，所述隔板沿管状部的轴向凹陷形成有供电池放置的电池腔，所述管状部的顶部设置有供盖体移动的开口。
通过采用上述技术方案，电池通过隔板形成的电池腔被安装至底座内，节省占用空间；管状部起到了两个作用：其一、管状部的高度为提供电池放置的位置，由于需要满足烟雾报警器5-10年的使用寿命，所以电池较大，在一定程度上限制了微型烟雾报警器的大小；其二、盖体通过开口被安装至管状部上，管状部的高度同时需要满足盖体向下的行程。
作为优选，所述弹性部包括设置在电池腔外侧壁上的成型孔和沿成型孔侧壁倾斜向开口方向延伸的弹性片。
通过采用上述技术方案，倾斜向开口方向设置的弹性片，通过自身的弹性回复力，起到了将盖体复位的作用，同时弹性片是由成型孔的侧壁形成的，减少了弹性片与电池腔侧壁之间的应力集中问题，同时成型孔方便弹性片进行拔模，也减少了注塑难度。
作为优选，所述成型孔在管状部的径向上设置有至少两个，相邻所述弹性片在竖直方向的投影呈交错设置。
通过采用上述技术方案，交错设置的弹性片，通过弹性变形对控制电路板起到了平衡的向外抵推的作用，避免控制电路板上单点受力过大。
作为优选，所述限位部包括设置在盖体上的第一限位块、设置在管状部内壁且位于第一限位块移动方向上的第二限位块。
通过采用上述技术方案，在安装过程中，第一限位块和第二限位块通过水平方向的变形，使盖体与管状部连接在一起；在使用过程中，当盖体由于弹性部的作用向外移动时，第一限位块和第二限位块在盖体的轴向上发生抵接，阻止盖体与管状部发生脱离。
作为优选，所述底座与管状部之间设置有控制电源启动和关闭的开关按钮。
通过采用上述技术方案，开关按钮控制电源启动，避免烟雾报警器在运输或储放过程中，浪费电能，继而减少烟雾报警器的寿命，同时避免烟雾报警器产生误响。
作为优选，所述隔板沿轴向向开口方向凹陷形成凹槽，所述凹槽沿管状物的周向延伸形成限位板，所述限位板的底面与凹槽的底面之间形成挡位槽，所述安装板上设置有可滑入挡位槽内的限位块，所述凹槽的侧壁设置有第一定位块，所述限位块的侧壁设置有与第一定位块配合限制隔板转动的第一定位槽。
通过采用上述技术方案，对微型烟雾报警器的安装板和管状部起到了固定的作用，在管状部的轴向上，当限位块转入挡位槽内后，通过抵接作用，限制了管状部和安装板的脱离，当限位块转出时，管状部和安装板可发生脱离；在管状部的转动方向上，在安装板与管状部发生相对转动后，第一定位块卡入第一定位槽，第一定位块和第一定位槽之间的变形力，限制了安装板和管状部相对的转动。
作为优选，所述安装板的底部沿轴向延伸有一个第二定位块，所述隔板上设置有一条沿圆周方向延伸且供第二定位块转动的第二定位槽。
通过采用上述技术方案，单个的第二定位块和第二定位槽，只有第二定位块嵌入第二定位槽后，安装板才能与管状部转动安装，规定了安装板的正反安装顺序，避免安装板和管状部装反。
作为优选，所述开关按钮包括升降柱、设置在隔板朝向开口一侧的按钮座、按钮座内设置有供升降柱滑移的通道、设置在控制电路板上的第二按钮，所述升降柱通过安装板与管状部的相对移动触发第二按钮动作，所述升降柱的顶部与第二按钮之间设置有通过弹性作用驱动升降柱远离第二按钮的弹性件，所述通道朝向凹槽内贯穿设置有通孔，所述升降柱的底部设置有贯穿通孔的启动块，所述启动块上设置有通过与限位块转动时的接触驱动升降柱向第二按钮接触的导向斜面。
通过采用上述技术方案，对于不可替换的电池来说，电池在生产过程中被安装在电池腔内，电池 无法取出，所以需要开关按钮对电池进行启动；当安装板未安装至底座上时，升降柱在弹性件的作用下，远离第二按钮；当安装板安装至底座上后，限位块与导向斜面接触，驱动升降柱克服弹性件的弹性力，向第二按钮移动，触发第二按钮，电源启动。
作为优选，所述电池腔侧壁设置有滑移孔，所述挡位槽贯穿隔板设置有挡槽，所述管状部内滑移连接有滑动块，所述滑动块包括滑移连接在滑移孔上并伸入电池腔内的触发块，所述滑动块包括滑移连接在挡槽上并伸入挡位槽内的挡块，所述管状部内设置有扭簧，所述扭簧的一端与管状部连接或接触，所述扭簧的另一端与触发块连接；当电池未装入时，所述扭簧通过弹性作用驱动触发块向电池腔移动，所述挡块位于挡位槽内并限制限位块转动；当电池装入后，所述触发块离开电池腔并驱动扭簧变形，所述挡块远离挡位槽并供限位块转动。
通过采用上述技术方案，当电池腔内未安装电池时，扭簧驱动挡块移入挡位槽内，即挡块位于限位块的转动范围内，阻止安装板安装至管状部上；当电池腔内安装电池的过程中，电池的侧壁与触发块抵接，推动滑动块沿管状部的径向向外移动，驱动扭簧变形，同时挡块向外移动，限位块可在挡位槽内转动，实现安装板和管状部的固定。
作为优选，所述底座包括棱台管和固定板，所述棱台管的顶部与盖体的底部沿盖体的轴向滑移连接，所述固定板与棱台管的底部沿周向滑移卡嵌，所述棱台管内设置有用于触发第一按钮的支撑板，所述支撑板与固定板之间形成容纳电池的容纳腔。
作为优选，所述固定板上设置有开关板，所述棱台管内设置有行程开关；所述固定板与棱台管沿周向转动时，所述开关板与行程开关发生相对的移动并接触，进而所述开关板压合行程开关，控制电源对电路板供电。
综上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：该种微型烟雾报警器被安装至房屋内部的顶部时，使用者通过按压顶部的盖体，盖体向底座方向移动，控制电路板上的第一按钮被底座所触发，使用者可通过该种方式停止烟雾报警器鸣叫和测试烟雾报警器，该种方式设置的烟雾报警器较小，而采用盖体触发的方式，盖体的面积占到了底座正投影面积的90％以上，只需按压盖体，即可触发烟雾报警器；同时被按压后，通过底座与盖体之间的弹性部将盖体远离触发第一按钮的位置。
附图说明
图1是实施例1的结构示意图，用于体现微型烟雾报警器的结构；
图2是实施例1的爆炸示意图，用于体现安装板、管状部、顶盖之间的位置关系；
图3是实施例1的顶盖的结构示意图；
图4是实施例1的剖面示意图，用于体现支撑杆、导流板、弧形分隔板的位置关系；
图5是实施例1的检测部的结构示意图；
图6是实施例1的管状部的顶面的结构示意图；
图7是实施例1的盖体与管状部侧壁连接位置的剖面示意图；
图8是实施例1的纵向剖面示意图，用于体现第一按钮和第二按钮的位置；
图9是实施例1的管状部的底面的结构示意图；
图10是实施例1的安装板的结构示意图；
图11是实施例2的管状部的底面的结构示意图；
图12是实施例2的管状部的顶面的结构示意图；
图13是实施例4的管状部的结构示意图；
图14是实施例4的弹性部的剖面示意图；
图15是实施例5的剖面示意图，用于体现开关按钮的结构；
图16是实施例6的结构示意图；
图17是实施例6的爆炸示意图一；
图18是实施例6的爆炸示意图二。
图中，1、底座；11、安装板；12、管状部；13、盖体；14、卡嵌块；15、开口；16、连接结构；17、发声孔；18、隔板；19、电池腔；2、检测部；21、发声部；22、支撑杆；23、导流板；24、弧形分割板；25、发光二极管；26、通槽；3、滑移孔；31、挡槽；32、滑动块；33、触发块；34、挡块；35、扭簧；36、圆形槽；4、控制电路板；41、第一按钮；42、第二按钮；43、凸点；5、进烟孔；6、弹性部；61、成型孔；62、弹性片；63、弹簧座；64、弹簧孔；65、压缩弹簧；66、触发开关；67、触发片；7、限位部；71、第一限位块；72、第二限位块；731、棱台管；732、固定板；733、支撑板；734、容纳腔；735、开关板；736、行程开关；8、开关按钮；81、升降柱；82、按钮座；83、通道；84、弹性件；85、通孔；86、启动块；87、导向斜面；88、固定座；9、凹槽；91、限位板；92、挡位槽；93、限位块；94、第一定位块；95、第一定位槽；96、第二定位块；97、第二定位槽；98、螺栓孔；99、盖板。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释，其并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
本发明的主旨：在整体结构上克服烟雾报警器小型化、微型化中遇到的问题；同时对于电池的安装形式具有两种结构，同时具有线缆供电的微型烟雾报警器的结构。
实施例1：
一种微型烟雾报警器，如图1和图2所示，由下至上包括三个部分，分别为安装板11、管状部12和盖体13，安装板11、管状部12和盖体13皆由注塑形成；如图10所示，安装板11上设置有螺栓孔98，安装板11通过螺钉穿设过螺栓孔98后固定在墙面或天花板上。
如图2和图6所示，管状部12的形状呈圆管形，管状部12的底部一体形成有隔板18，管状部12的顶部设置有开口15，管状部12起到了连接盖体13和安装板11的作用，管状部12的底部与安装板11之间设置有连接结构16，管状部12顶部与盖体13之间设置有通过抵接作用限制盖体13从管状部12上脱离的限位部7；盖体13内由上至下设置有用于检测烟雾浓度的检测部2、用于产生声波的发声部21、检测部2和发声部21的控制电路板4，盖体13与管状部12之间设置有驱动盖体13沿底座1轴向远离底座1移动的弹性部6(如图6所示)。
如图3所示，盖体13的外部结构为：盖体13呈圆管结构，盖体13的顶部设置有发声孔17，盖体13的圆周侧壁设置有供烟雾进入的进烟孔5，进烟孔5在盖体13的侧壁均匀分布，供烟雾进入到检测部2内。
如图3所示，烟雾报警器的尺寸越小，进烟孔5的单位进气量也越小，对于微型烟雾报警器，进烟孔5的位置和形状极大的影响了微型烟雾报警器的灵敏度，为了克服上述问题，如图3和图4所示，进烟孔5是由沿盖体13轴向延伸的支撑杆22、设置在相邻支撑杆22之间的导流板23和沿圆周方向延伸的弧形分割板24形成，导流板23呈倾斜设置。
如图2所示，发声部21为蜂鸣片，蜂鸣片设置在发声孔17(图3)下方。
如图5所示，检测部2为光电烟雾报警结构，其具体结构参见申请公布号为“CN102754136A”的发明专利；检测部2的底部设置有两个相对的发光二极管25，由于盖体13内部的空间较小，供检测部2反应的空间较小，在一定程度上影响了烟雾报警的灵敏度，而检测部2下方为控制电路板4，所以在控制电路板4上设置有两个供发光二极管25嵌入的通槽26，减少了检测部2加上控制电路板4的高度，在相同高度内，可加高检测部2的高度，提高检测的灵敏度。
如图5所示，控制电路板4底部的中心位置设置有一个第一按钮41，通过按压第一按钮41向控制电路板4内的控制电路发出脉冲，触发控制电路板4内的控制电路驱动检测部2和图2中的发声部21动作；同时第一按钮41属于被触发后，会自动回弹的按钮。
如图6所示，管状部12的具体结构包括：设置在管状部12底部的隔板18，隔板18向盖体13方向凹陷形成的电池腔19，电池腔19位于图6中隔板18的背面，电池腔19内设置有电池，电池与电池腔19封装成一体，即电池属于不可拆卸电池，电池的正负两级通过导线与图2中的控制电路板4连接，导线穿设过电池腔19的侧壁向盖体13方向延伸；管状部12在轴向上相对背于隔板18的一端为供盖体13内的线缆进入连接至电池腔19内的开口15。
如图6所示，弹性部6为设置在电池腔19外侧壁上的成型孔61和弹性片62，一个成型孔61对应有一块弹性片62，成型孔61的数量为两个，成型孔61沿电池腔19的宽度方向延伸，两个成型孔61以电池腔19的上表面中心呈对称设置，弹性片62的一端与成型孔61长度方向的端部连接，弹性片62的另一端倾斜向开口15方向延伸；两片弹性片62在竖直方向的投影呈交错设置，如图8所示，弹性片62倾斜的一端与控制电路板4的底部抵接，将向下的变形力转为驱动盖体13向上移动的弹性力。
如图6和图8所示，电池腔19外侧的中心位置设置有凸点43，在盖体13盖合至管状部12上后，凸点43与第一按钮41相对应，当盖体13向管状部12移动时，凸点43与第一按钮41接触并按压第一按钮41，在此过程中，凸点43减少了盖体13的移动行程。
如图7和图8所示，限位部7包括沿盖体13的下表面向下延伸形成的卡嵌块14，卡嵌块14呈环形，环形的卡嵌块14的外表面与管状部12的开口15位置的内壁贴合，卡嵌块14使盖体13的外表面与管状部12的外表面相齐平。
如图7和图8所示，限位部7还包括设置在盖体13外表面(即卡嵌块14外表面)的第一限位块71、设置在管状部12内壁且位于第一限位块71移动方向上的第二限位块72，第一限位块71与第二限位块72相对应，第一限位块71在管状部12的周向上设置有两个；在安装时，第一限位块71和第二限 位块72在水平方向上相背移动发生变形，供盖体13嵌入管状部12内，在使用过程中，第一限位块71和第二限位块72在高度方向上相互抵接，限制盖体13与管状部12脱离；限位部7在此过程中，起到了连接盖体13和管状部12的作用。
如图8所示，隔板18上设置有控制电池启动和关闭的开关按钮8，开关按钮8适用于电池不可拆卸的情况，避免微型烟雾报警器误触发；如果采用可拆卸电池，在烟雾报警器运输和未使用前，电池不装入电池腔19内。
如图8所示，开关按钮8包括设置在隔板18朝向盖体13一侧的按钮座82，按钮座82沿自身轴向贯穿设置有通道83，通道83内滑移连接有升降柱81，控制电路板4上设置的第二按钮42，第二按钮42启动和关闭，控制电池的通电与断电，第二按钮42的结构与第一按钮41的结构相同，按钮座82设置在第二按钮42的正下方，升降柱81长度方向的下端设置有启动块86，隔板18位于通道83的下方设置有供启动块86穿过的通孔85，升降柱81长度方向的上端设置有弹性件84(即弹性件84设置在控制电路板4与升降柱81之间)，弹性件84采用弹簧，弹簧内部空间的大小大于第二按钮42，避免弹簧触发第二按钮42。在使用过程中，通过在隔板18的电池腔19一侧按压启动块86，驱动升降柱81移动，触发第二按钮42动作，随后弹性件84驱动升降柱81远离第二按钮42。
如图10所示，安装板11的直径大于管状部12的直径；安装板11与管状部12之间的连接结构16包括设置在安装板11上的供管状部12嵌入的圆形槽36。
如图9和图10所示，管状部12的隔板18沿自身轴向向开口15方向凹陷形成凹槽9，凹槽9向外的一部分沿管状部12的圆周方向延伸形成限位板91，限位板91的底面与凹槽9的底面之间形成挡位槽92，安装板11的圆形槽36内设置有可滑入挡位槽92内的限位块93；限位块93在圆形槽36的圆周方向上设置有两个且呈对称分布，螺栓孔98设置在每一限位块93上。
如图8所示，在使用过程中，旋转安装板11与管状部12，限位块93嵌入挡位槽92内，通过限位块93与挡位槽92的抵接作用，避免安装板11与管状部12发生分离。
如图9和图10所示，在限位块93与挡位槽92固定在合适位置后，为了避免安装板11与管状部12发生圆周方向上的松动，在凹槽9的侧壁设置有第一定位块94，如图10所示，限位块93的侧壁设置有第一定位槽95，第一定位块94和第一定位槽95的横截面形状呈半圆形，在安装板11与管状部12发生转动的过程中，第一定位块94随着安装板11的转动，第一定位块94发生变形进入第一定位槽95内，从而实现了安装板11与管状部12之间的卡接和固定。
如图9和图10所示，为了避免安装板11和管状部12装反，安装板11的底部沿轴向延伸有一个第二定位块96，隔板18上设置有一条沿圆周方向延伸且供第二定位块96转动的第二定位槽97，当安装板11上的限位块93安装至错误位置后，第二定位块96无法进入第二定位槽97内，即限位块93与挡位槽92在高度方向错开，无法相互卡嵌，进而避免了安装板11和管状部12装反的作用。
如图9和图10所示，为了在安装板11与管状部12的安装过程中，自动启动电源，在启动块86上设置有能与限位块93的表面接触的导向斜面87，在限位块93滑入挡位槽92的过程中，导向斜面87逐渐与限位块93接触，升降柱81逐渐向上移动，按压第二按钮42。
实施例1的安装过程：通过螺钉将安装板11固定在墙面或天花板上，电池被固定在管状体的电池 腔19内，将限位块93卡入凹槽9内，然后转动安装板11，限位块93进入挡位槽92内，同时拨动升降柱81向上移动，触发第二按钮42，对控制电路板4通电；当移动至第一定位块94与第一定位槽95卡嵌位置，安装板11与管状部12固定。
实施例1的使用过程：通过按压盖体13，凸点43触发第一按钮41(没有凸点43的情况下电池腔19的外侧壁也可以触发第一按钮41)，控制电路板4控制发声部21短时间发声或停止发声；当有烟雾从进烟孔5进入盖体13内后，检测部2向控制电路板4发出电信号，控制电路板4驱动发声部21发声，提醒使用者着火。
实施例2：
一种微型烟雾报警器，实施例2与实施例1的区别在于，实施例2中，管状部12的结构不同，管状部12内采用了一种可替换电池的结构。
由于在使用过程中，才会装入电池，所以微型烟雾报警器不需要设置开关按钮8；所以解决的问题是，确认安装的微型烟雾报警器内具有电池。
如图11和图12所示，管状部12的内部的一侧上设置有滑移孔3，挡位槽92贯穿隔板18设置有挡槽31，挡槽31内滑移连接有滑动块32，滑动块32朝向电池腔19的一端形成触发块33；触发块33在滑动块32的滑移过程中，触发块33可移入电池腔19内；滑动块32还包括滑移连接在挡槽31上并伸入挡位槽92内的挡块34，管状部12内设置有扭簧35，扭簧35的一端与管状部12抵接，扭簧35的另一端与触发块33连接，扭簧35可驱动滑移的滑动块32复位；隔板18通过螺栓连接有固定座88，固定座88限制了滑动块32的滑动方向，并限制滑动块32脱离滑移孔3。
同时为了防止可替换电池掉落，在电池腔19上卡嵌有盖板99(见图2)，盖板99阻止电池的脱离。
实施例2的安装过程为：实施例2的安装过程与实施例1相同，多出电池的安装步骤，当电池未装入时，扭簧35通过弹性作用驱动触发块33向电池腔19移动，挡块34位于挡位槽92内并限制限位块93转动；当电池装入后，触发块33离开电池腔19并驱动扭簧35变形，挡块34远离挡位槽92并供限位块93转动，实现安装板11与管状部12的固定。
实施例3：
一种微型烟雾报警器，实施例3与实施例1的区别在于，实施例2中采用了线缆供电的方式，在实施例3中，如图1和图2所示，管状部12和安装板11不需要旋转，即管状部12和安装板11一体形成构成底座1，底座1内的检测部2、发声部21、控制电路板4与房屋内部电缆连接。
实施例3安装过程：实施例3的成本较低，同时使用时间较长，只需将电缆连接至底座1上的端子即可。
实施例3的使用过程与实施例1相同，在此不做赘述。
实施例4：
如图13和图14所示，一种微型烟雾报警器，实施例4与实施例1的区别在于，实施例4中，为了提高微型烟雾报警器的使用寿命，弹性部6不采用弹性片的形式，实施例4中的弹性部6包括设置在隔板18上的弹簧座63，弹簧座63在电池腔19两侧分别设置有两个。
如图13和图14所示，弹簧座63内设置有弹簧孔64，弹簧孔64沿弹簧座63的高度方向延伸，弹簧孔64内设置有压缩弹簧65；在盖体13(图中未示出)盖合至管状部12上时，压缩弹簧65与控制电路板4的底部抵接，同时压缩弹簧65处于压缩状态。
实施例4在使用过程中，通过压缩弹簧65的弹性作用，起到将盖体13(图中未示出)弹起的作用，与弹性片62相比，金属制成的压缩弹簧65使用寿命更长。
实施例5：
如图15所示，一种微型烟雾报警器，实施例5与实施例1的区别在于，实施例4中，为了简化生产工艺，在开关按钮8上做出了简化，实施例5的开关按钮8采用触发开关66的形式，触发开关66包括一个向下倾斜设置的触发片67，触发片67的端部呈半圆形，通孔85供触发片67的半圆形端部通过，且触发片67的半圆形端部凸出于通孔85的下表面。
实施例5与实施例1的使用过程和作用过程相同，只是将第二按钮42(图中未示出)和升降柱81(图中未示出)替换为触发开关66，当安装板11被转动时，限位块93与触发片67的半圆形端部接触，将触发片67向上顶起，触发开关66将型号传输给控制电路板4(图中未示出)，控制电源启动。
实施例6：一种微型报警器，与实施例1-5的区别在于，如图16所示，底座1的外形和内部结构的调整。
如图17所示，该种微型报警器的上述管状部12变更为棱台状(以下皆称棱台管731)，其上小下大且周向做圆角处理。
故而，底座1包括两部分，分别为棱台管731和固定板732。棱台管731的顶部与盖体13的底部滑移卡嵌，且棱台管731与盖体13相互无法脱离。
棱台管731内部的中间位置设置有支撑板733，支撑板733与棱台管731的内侧壁连接。
支撑板733的中心设置有凸点43，凸点43与PCB板上的第一按钮41相配合，当盖体13向下移动时，上述第一按钮41与凸点43抵接，触发第一按钮41启动，凸点43起到了减少盖体13移动行程的作用。
棱台管731的底部旋转卡接有固定板732，固定板732被螺丝等固定件穿过，进而与墙面固定；棱台管731与固定板732上相对的设置有类似于上述限位块93的结构来卡接，防止脱离。
如图18所示，支撑板733与固定板732之间形成容纳电池的容纳腔734，电池的形状为长方体的锂电池(图17中所示)，锂电池的形状用于减少棱台管731的高度。
如图18所示，棱台管731内，支撑板733的下方设置有行程开关736，行程开关736的触发位置在侧面，如图17所示，固定板732上设置有开关板735。当固定板732与棱台管731沿周向转动时，开关板735与行程开关736发生相对的移动并接触，进而开关板735压合行程开关736，控制电源对电路板供电。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种微型烟雾报警器，其特征在于：包括底座(1)和沿底座(1)轴向移动的盖体(13)，所述盖体(13)内设置有用于检测烟雾浓度的检测部(2)、用于产生声波的发声部(21)、控制检测部(2)和发声部(21)的控制电路板(4)，所述盖体(13)的侧壁设置有供烟雾进入检测部(2)的进烟孔(5)，所述盖体(13)与底座(1)之间设置有通过弹性作用驱动盖体(13)远离底座(1)的弹性部(6)，所述盖体(13)与底座(1)之间设置有通过抵接作用限制盖体(13)从底座(1)上脱离的限位部(7)，所述控制电路板(4)朝向底座(1)的一面上设置有通过盖体(13)向底座(1)方向的移动被触发的第一按钮(41)，所述第一按钮(41)控制烟雾报警器的测试与停止，所述检测部(2)和发声部(21)与底座(1)内的电源电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的微型烟雾报警器，其特征在于：所述底座(1)包括安装板(11)和连接在安装板(11)上的管状部(12)，所述管状部(12)的底部设置有隔板(18)，所述隔板(18)沿管状部(12)的轴向凹陷形成有供电池放置的电池腔(19)，所述管状部(12)的顶部设置有供盖体(13)移动的开口(15)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的微型烟雾报警器，其特征在于：所述弹性部(6)包括设置在电池腔(19)外侧壁上的成型孔(61)和沿成型孔(61)侧壁倾斜向开口(15)延伸的弹性片(62)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的微型烟雾报警器，其特征在于：所述成型孔(61)在管状部(12)的径向上设置有至少两个，相邻所述弹性片(62)在竖直方向的投影呈交错设置。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的微型烟雾报警器，其特征在于：所述限位部(7)包括设置在盖体(13)上的第一限位块(71)、设置在管状部(12)内壁且位于第一限位块(71)移动方向上的第二限位块(72)。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的微型烟雾报警器，其特征在于：所述底座(1)与管状部(12)之间设置有控制电源启动和关闭的开关按钮(8)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的微型烟雾报警器，其特征在于：所述隔板(18)沿轴向向开口(15)方向凹陷形成凹槽(9)，所述凹槽(9)沿管状物的周向延伸形成限位板(91)，所述限位板(91)的底面与凹槽(9)的底面之间形成挡位槽(92)，所述安装板(11)上设置有可滑入挡位槽(92)内的限位块(93)，所述凹槽(9)的侧壁设置有第一定位块(94)，所述限位块(93)的侧壁设置有与第一定位块(94)配合限制隔板(18)转动的第一定位槽(95)。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的微型烟雾报警器，其特征在于：所述安装板(11)的底部沿轴向延伸有一个第二定位块(96)，所述隔板(18)上设置有一条沿圆周方向延伸且供第二定位块(96)转动的第二定位槽(97)。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的微型烟雾报警器，其特征在于：所述开关按钮(8)包括升降柱(81)、 设置在隔板(18)朝向开口(15)一侧的按钮座(82)、按钮座(82)内设置有供升降柱(81)滑移的通道(83)、设置在控制电路板(4)上的第二按钮(42)，所述升降柱(81)通过安装板(11)与管状部(12)的相对移动触发第二按钮(42)动作，所述升降柱(81)的顶部与第二按钮(42)之间设置有通过弹性作用驱动升降柱(81)远离第二按钮(42)的弹性件(84)，所述通道(83)朝向凹槽(9)内贯穿设置有通孔(85)，所述升降柱(81)的底部设置有贯穿通孔(85)的启动块(86)，所述启动块(86)上设置有通过与限位块(93)转动时的接触驱动升降柱(81)向第二按钮(42)接触的导向斜面(87)。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的微型烟雾报警器，其特征在于：所述电池腔(19)侧壁设置有滑移孔(3)，所述挡位槽(92)贯穿隔板(18)设置有挡槽(31)，所述管状部(12)内滑移连接有滑动块(32)，所述滑动块(32)包括滑移连接在滑移孔(3)上并伸入电池腔(19)内的触发块(33)，所述滑动块(32)包括滑移连接在挡槽(31)上并伸入挡位槽(92)内的挡块(34)，所述管状部(12)内设置有扭簧(35)，所述扭簧(35)的一端与管状部(12)连接或接触，所述扭簧(35)的另一端与触发块(33)连接；当电池未装入时，所述扭簧(35)通过弹性作用驱动触发块(33)向电池腔(19)移动，所述挡块(34)位于挡位槽(92)内并限制限位块(93)转动；当电池装入后，所述触发块(33)离开电池腔(19)并驱动扭簧(35)变形，所述挡块(34)远离挡位槽(92)并供限位块(93)转动。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的微型烟雾报警器，其特征在于：所述底座(1)包括棱台管(731)和固定板(732)，所述棱台管(731)的顶部与盖体(13)的底部沿盖体(13)的轴向滑移连接，所述固定板(732)与棱台管(731)的底部沿周向滑移卡嵌，所述棱台管(731)内设置有用于触发第一按钮(41)的支撑板(733)，所述支撑板(733)与固定板(732)之间形成容纳电池的容纳腔(734)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的微型烟雾报警器，其特征在于：所述固定板(732)上设置有开关板(735)，所述棱台管(731)内设置有行程开关(736)；所述固定板(732)与棱台管(731)沿周向转动时，所述开关板(735)与行程开关(736)发生相对的移动并接触，进而所述开关板(735)压合行程开关(736)，控制电源对电路板供电。
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