WO2018223628A1 - 一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置 - Google Patents

一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018223628A1
WO2018223628A1 PCT/CN2017/114184 CN2017114184W WO2018223628A1 WO 2018223628 A1 WO2018223628 A1 WO 2018223628A1 CN 2017114184 W CN2017114184 W CN 2017114184W WO 2018223628 A1 WO2018223628 A1 WO 2018223628A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
diesel engine
pump
breathing
tank
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/114184
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冯学东
张建
凌有临
唐文献
孙安龙
冯拥军
梁东生
陈程
李强
陈彤
宋雪辉
臧薇
史俊
梁忠臣
黄徐进
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江苏科技大学
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Application filed by 江苏科技大学 filed Critical 江苏科技大学
Priority to US16/500,093 priority Critical patent/US10851684B2/en
Publication of WO2018223628A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018223628A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/06—Lubricating systems characterised by the provision therein of crankshafts or connecting rods with lubricant passageways, e.g. bores
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/03—Mounting or connecting of lubricant purifying means relative to the machine or engine; Details of lubricant purifying means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F01M2001/0207—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps characterised by the type of pump
    • F01M2001/0238—Rotary pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F01M2001/0253—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps characterised by the pump driving means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/12—Closed-circuit lubricating systems not provided for in groups F01M1/02 - F01M1/10
    • F01M2001/123—Closed-circuit lubricating systems not provided for in groups F01M1/02 - F01M1/10 using two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F01M2011/0037—Oilsumps with different oil compartments
    • F01M2011/0041—Oilsumps with different oil compartments for accommodating movement or position of engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F01M2011/0079—Oilsumps with the oil pump integrated or fixed to sump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F01M2011/0083—Dry sumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M2011/0095—Supplementary oil tank

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an inverted non-stop device for a multi-cylinder diesel engine for a throwing boat, in particular to an inverted non-stop device for a diesel lifeboat of a throwing lifeboat, that is, the lifeboat is not parked from the landing gear of the mother ship under the working state of the diesel engine.
  • an inverted non-stop device for a diesel lifeboat of a throwing lifeboat that is, the lifeboat is not parked from the landing gear of the mother ship under the working state of the diesel engine.
  • the lifeboat is not parked from the landing gear of the mother ship under the working state of the diesel engine.
  • Into the water belongs to the technical field of marine diesel engines.
  • the lifeboat is thrown off on the mother ship, which can greatly improve the efficiency of lifesaving.
  • This technology is increasingly being valued and used by people.
  • the selected lifeboat main engine is an inverted parking diesel engine, that is, the diesel engine starts to ignite after the lifeboat enters the water automatically, which wastes some valuable lifesaving time, thus restricting the quick performance of the lifeboat.
  • the lifeboat diesel engine is inverted and does not stop.
  • the lifeboat is turned upside down, there is not only the diesel engine can only be turned around the axis parallel to the crankshaft axis, that is, the lifeboat can only be turned laterally, and there is also a problem of oil leakage when the diesel engine is turned upside down.
  • the diesel engine complies with the International Maritime Organization's International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) 2009 and the International Maritime Organization's Maritime Safety Committee MSC.81 (70), the revised Recommendation on Life-Saving Equipment Testing, “Engine Inversion Test 6.14.
  • the existing lifeboat diesel engine, the inverted non-stop device such as patent number: 200810154941.5, the device is provided with a main respirator installed on the cylinder head casing, a secondary respirator installed on the advancer cover, and the main respirator is used for the diesel engine
  • the main structure of the device includes a partition between the crankcase and the oil sump cavity to seal the crankcase from the oil sump cavity. And a check valve is arranged on the partition plate.
  • the check valve When the diesel engine is upright or the heel is less than or equal to 90°, the check valve is in a conducting state, and the crankcase is connected with the oil pan cavity to return the oil to the diesel engine; After the heel is greater than 90°, the check valve port is automatically closed, and the crankcase is separated from the oil pan cavity, thereby controlling the oil in the oil pan cavity to flow into the crankcase, so that the diesel engine is in the inverted and inverted oil pump inlet. Always immerse in the oil in the oil pan cavity to keep the diesel engine lubricated.
  • the drop-off lifeboat is fixed on the mother ship's landing gear with the boat bow down, and the longitudinal direction of the boat and the horizontal plane are inclined at an angle of 35° to 45°.
  • the lifeboat diesel engine is facing the boat with the gear chamber end and the flywheel end facing the boat. ⁇ , fixed at the bottom of the lifeboat cabin, when the lifeboat is thrown, the boat is thrown straight into the water, the diesel engine is flipped about 90° in the longitudinal direction, and the gear chamber is down. Therefore, the existing inverted non-stop lifeboat diesel engine is installed in the drop-type lifeboat, and then the lifeboat is fixed to the mother ship's throwing frame.
  • the one-way valve on the oil pan shield has not been closed, that is, the oil pan and the diesel crankcase are Therefore, a part of the oil in the diesel oil sump cavity will flow into the crankcase and gear chamber through the check valve port, causing the oil level in the oil sump cavity to drop, so that the remaining oil in the oil sump cavity cannot be maintained.
  • Lubrication of the entire casting process of the diesel engine Increase the oil storage in the oil sump cavity The amount will increase the oil level of the diesel engine in a fixed state, and the oil will immerse the diesel respirator port, so that the oil will flow out of the machine from the auxiliary respirator port, causing oil waste and environmental pollution.
  • the lifeboat is generally inverted without stopping the diesel engine.
  • the oil storage in the oil sump is about 5-7 liters.
  • the oil flowing from the oil pan cavity into the crankcase and the gear chamber cover will be submerged in the diesel engine respirator port, resulting in uncontrollable diesel engine oil leakage; Therefore, the structure cannot meet the requirements for use of a drop-inverted non-stop lifeboat diesel engine.
  • the diesel engine is not placed on the parking device, and the lifeboat is to be thrown into the water from the landing gear of the mother ship under the working condition of the diesel engine.
  • the problems to be solved are as follows: 1.
  • the diesel engine cannot be vertically turned over; 2.
  • the diesel engine The external oil leaks when flipping; 3.
  • the diesel engine needs to be equipped with a double respirator, that is, the diesel engine is equipped with a main respirator and a secondary respirator.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the existing inverted non-stop lifeboat diesel engine, which can only be turned laterally, cannot be turned vertically, and oil leakage pollution occurs when the diesel engine is turned over; and the diesel engine needs to be equipped with a double respirator, that is, the diesel engine is equipped with a main respirator at the same time. Defects such as a secondary respirator.
  • the invention discloses a multi-cylinder diesel engine inverted non-stop device for a throwing boat, which satisfies the lifeboat diesel engine, thrown into the water from the landing gear of the mother ship without being stopped, and the longitudinal direction caused by the lifeboat being rolled up by the waves during driving. , horizontal and other inversion, use requirements in the inverted state.
  • a multi-cylinder diesel engine inverted non-stop device for a boat comprising a lubrication system and a breathing system, the lubrication system comprising a fuselage, an oil pump, an oil sump disposed at the bottom of the fuselage, the respiratory system being a diesel respirator
  • the diesel respirator is a communication device connecting the crankcase of the diesel engine and the intake pipe; the oil sump is provided with a partition plate laterally, and the oil sump cavity is divided into a left and right cavity, and the left cavity
  • the oil collecting tank is set as the oil collecting tank, and the right cavity is set as the oil tank body, and the fuel tank body is provided with a flange to fix the fuel tank cap to form a closed lubricating oil tank;
  • the oil pump is an independent double pump of the inlet and the outlet respectively.
  • the upper layer is a lubrication pump
  • the lower layer is a return pump
  • the oil inlet of the return pump is connected to the bottom of the oil collecting tank by a pipeline
  • the oil outlet is connected to the lubricating oil tank by a pipeline
  • the lubrication pump is oiled
  • the port is connected to the lubricating oil tank by a pipeline, the oil outlet is connected by a pipeline to the inlet of the machine filter, and the outlet of the machine filter is connected with the main oil passage of the fuselage;
  • a breathing check valve and a gas pressure are arranged on the fuel tank cap Safety valve Set in the middle left side of the fuel lid.
  • the object of the present invention can also be further achieved by the following technical solutions.
  • the oil pump is arranged in the oil collecting tank, the upper end of the pump shaft of the oil pump protrudes out of the pump body, and passes through the bearing hole on the fuselage, and a worm wheel is further arranged on the upper end of the pump shaft, and the camshaft on the diesel engine The arranged worm is engaged; the upper end of the oil pump body is provided with a flange and is fixed on the body.
  • the oil return pump and the lubrication pump described above are both rotor pumps.
  • the flow rate of the lubrication pump is 23 to 24 liters / minute, and the flow rate of the return oil pump is greater than the flow rate of the lubrication pump by 1 to 1.5 liters / minute.
  • the worm wheel described above has 13 teeth, the worm has 13 heads, and the end face modulus is 1.5.
  • the oil suction port is a long funnel shape with a strainer, and is disposed on the lower left side of the oil collecting groove, and the large end of the funnel faces the bottom of the oil collecting groove.
  • the oil suction port is a flexible oil suction port.
  • the flexible oil suction port has a funnel shape, the large end of the funnel has a filter screen always downward, and the small end of the funnel is connected to the right port of the fuel tank B pipe joint on the side of the lubricating oil tank by a metal bellows.
  • the oil tank body has a fuel filler port with a fuel cap on a side surface thereof.
  • the above-mentioned fuel filler port has a height flush with the upper surface of the oil pan.
  • the lubricating oil tank described above is a rectangular parallelepiped having a capacity of 8 to 9 liters and an oil storage capacity of 6 to 7 liters; a sealing ring is provided between the oil tank body and the fuel tank cap.
  • the fuel tank cap of the above, the fuel tank cap is high right and left low, and the slope is 2 to 3 degrees;
  • the breathing check valve has a casing with a single-layer stepped cylindrical outer casing, and the inner and outer diameters are both upper and lower, with the upper end of the breathing check valve and the breathing one-way.
  • the inlet end of the valve and the outer circumference of the outlet end are provided with threads.
  • the external thread of the outlet end is fixed by a nut to the middle of the left side of the fuel tank cap by a nut.
  • the outlet end internal thread is connected to one end of the breathing tube; the breathing tube is a 90° elbow, the elbow is to the left, and the port is flush with the left side of the lubricating oil tank.
  • the oil pan material described above is made of an aluminum alloy.
  • the connecting device is connected to a connecting pipe between the crankcase and the intake pipe.
  • the connecting pipe has an inner diameter of 8 to 10 mm, and is provided with connecting ports at both ends of the connecting pipe, respectively, a crankcase port and a gas pipe end port.
  • the crankcase port is funnel-shaped, and three upper and lower staggered semi-closed baffles are arranged in the funnel-shaped port in the axial direction, the funnel opening is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the intake pipe end port is an articulated port.
  • the connecting pipe described above is a flexible metal bellows.
  • the invention separates the collecting function and the storing function of the oil sump of the lifeboat diesel engine oil.
  • the left oil collecting tank takes over the function of collecting the oil
  • the right lubricating oil tank takes the storage function of the oil.
  • the lubricating oil is used to transfer the oil in the lubricating oil tank to the main oil passage lubricating machine of the diesel engine through the machine filter, and the lubricating oil collected in the oil collecting tank after lubrication is returned to the lubricating oil tank for storage by the oil returning pump.
  • Diesel engine oil recycling Since the oil tank used is sealed and has sufficient design capacity and a flexible suction port, it ensures that the diesel engine is fully lubricated when it is placed upside down, inverted and inverted.
  • the crankcase of the diesel engine is sealed from the outside of the machine except for the breathing port of the respirator.
  • the flow rate of the return pump of the present invention is slightly larger than that of the lubrication pump, so that when the diesel engine is working, there is no oil in the oil collecting tank. Therefore, whether the diesel engine is longitudinal or not Horizontally flipped and inverted, there is no oil in the body to enter the ventilator funnel-shaped damper breathing port, causing oil leakage; when the diesel engine is upright, inverted, inverted, only one respirator is needed to meet the crankcase pressure balance And the inorganic oil leaks; the respirator sends the oil and gas in the crankcase into the intake pipe of the diesel engine to work on the diesel engine to achieve energy saving and environmental protection.
  • the lubricating oil tank is disposed in the oil sump, the left upper space in the lubricating oil tank is communicated with the crankcase through the breathing check valve to achieve the air pressure balance of the lubricating oil tank, and at the same time, the lifeboat is prevented from being fixed on the throwing frame or throwing.
  • the oil in the oil tank is immersed in the breathing valve of the breathing check valve; the safety valve provided on the fuel tank cap ensures the safety of the oil tank.
  • the invention utilizes the worm provided on the cam shaft of the machine body to drive the worm wheel on the pump shaft of the double-line oil pump to realize the power transmission of the oil pump, and the structure is more compact.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the lubrication system of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the diesel engine of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the diesel engine of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the respirator
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the respirator check valve 132 of the present invention
  • connection may be a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components through other components.
  • the oil pan 118 is provided with a partition plate 1181 in the lateral direction, and the oil pan cavity is divided into left and right cavities, and the left cavity is set as the oil collecting groove 1182, and the right cavity is formed. It is set to the tank body 127A.
  • a fuel filler port 141 is provided, and the mouth portion of the fuel filler port 141 is flush with the upper surface of the oil pan case 118, and a sealed fuel filler cap 142 is provided.
  • a tank A pipe joint 122 is provided in the upper half thereof for the oil outlet pipe connection of the oil return pump 112; and a fuel tank B pipe is arranged in the lower half portion thereof.
  • the connector 123, the left end of the fuel tank B pipe joint 123 is connected to the oil inlet pipe of the lubrication pump 111, and the right end of the fuel tank B pipe joint 123 penetrates into the oil tank body 127A, and is connected to the right end of the flexible oil pipe 124.
  • a flange is provided for fixing the flange of the fuel tank cover 125, and the right height is high and the left side is low, and the inclination is 2 to 3 degrees, so that the oil is collected to the oil collecting tank 1182, and the oil tank body 127A is There is also a sealing ring between the fuel tank caps 125, which is combined into a sealed lubricating oil tank 127.
  • the lubricating oil tank 127 has a capacity of about 8 to 9 liters and an oil storage of 6 to 7 liters.
  • a right flexible oil pipe 124 is connected to the right end of the fuel tank B pipe joint 123, and the other end of the flexible oil pipe 124 is connected with a suction function 126 having a filter function funnel shape, and the oil suction port 126 can be Self gravity Under the action, as the oil tank 127 is turned over and inverted, the suction port 126 suction port is always downward, and is kept in the lower part of the oil in the lubricating oil tank 127, ensuring that the diesel engine lubricates the oil inlet 126 of the pump 111 when it is turned over and inverted.
  • the diesel engine lubrication is satisfied; the flexible oil pipe 124 is a stainless steel bellows.
  • a breathing check valve 132 is disposed in the middle of the left side of the fuel tank cap 125, and a pneumatic safety valve 131 is disposed in the middle of the fuel tank cap 125.
  • the pressure value set by the pneumatic safety valve 131 is 1150 to 1200 kPa.
  • the pneumatic safety valve 131 automatically opens the exhaust gas.
  • the pressure value drops to 1120 to 1100 kPa, the pneumatic safety valve 131 automatically shut down;
  • the structure of the breathing check valve 132 includes a single-stepped cylindrical outer casing 1323 having an inner hole and an outer circle.
  • the inner and outer diameters are both upper and lower, and the inner hole of the outer casing 1323 is provided with a diameter.
  • the steel ball 1322 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder 2 to 3 mm, and the circular valve 1324 is disposed at the boundary between the upper and lower inner holes of the outer casing 1323, and can be blocked by the steel ball 1322.
  • the lower end of the outer casing 1323 is provided with a hole extending through the opening pin 1321 in the radial direction. The blocking of the pin 1321 keeps the steel ball 1322 in the inner hole of the outer casing 1323 at a distance of about 5 to 10 mm.
  • the outer casing 1326 and the step 1325 of the outer casing 1323 are used to fix the outer casing 1323 to the fuel tank cap by a nut.
  • the internal thread 1327 is used to connect the breathing tube 133; the breathing tube 133 is a 90° elbow, one end of the elbow is threaded, connected to the internal thread 1327, and the port plane at the other end is flush with the partition 1181.
  • the function of the breathing check valve 132 when the lifeboat is overturned by 90° or inverted, the steel ball 1322 blocks the valve 1324 under the action of gravity, and the check valve 132 is closed to avoid the oil inflow into the oil tank 127.
  • the crankcase in the body 101 when the lubricating oil tank 127 is placed upright, the steel ball 1322 falls back to the lower end of the inner hole below the outer casing 1323.
  • an oil pump is arranged in the oil collecting tank 1182.
  • the oil pump is a separate double rotor pump with independent inlet and outlet ports, superposed on top and bottom, the upper layer is the lubrication pump 111, and the lower layer is the oil return pump 112.
  • the flow rate of the lubrication pump 111 is 23 to 24 liters / minute, and the flow rate of the oil return pump 112 is 1 to 1.5 liters / minute larger than the flow rate of the lubrication pump 111.
  • the oil inlet end of the lubrication pump 111 is connected to the tank B pipe joint 123 by a pipe.
  • the oil delivery route of the lubrication pump 111 the oil pump end of the lubrication pump 111 - the oil distribution block 119 - the machine filter 134 - the oil distribution block 119 - the main oil passage 102, before the oil enters the machine filter 134, in the oil distribution block 119
  • a relief valve 135 is provided to control the oil pressure of the main oil passage 102 to be 0.3-0.4 Pa, and the oil overflow of the relief valve 135 flows back to the internal crankcase of the diesel engine to the oil collecting tank 1182 to control the lubrication system pressure of the diesel engine;
  • the oil return pump suction port 114 of the oil return pump 112 is disposed on the left side of the oil collecting groove 1182 and has an elongated shape; the oil discharge end of the oil return pump 112 is connected to the oil tank A pipe joint 122 of the lubricating oil tank 127.
  • the lubrication pump 111 and the oil return pump 112 share a pump shaft 110 and an oil pump housing 109.
  • the pump shaft 110 passes through a positioning hole 103 provided in the body 101, is positioned in the bearing 106, and passes through the oil pump housing 109.
  • the upper end is provided with a waist flange 107, and the waist flange 107 is fixed to the body 101 by screws 108.
  • the upper end of the pump shaft 110 is fixed with a worm wheel 105 meshing with the worm 104A disposed on the cam shaft 104, and the worm wheel 105 has 13
  • the tooth, the worm 104A has 13 heads, that is, the transmission ratio is 1:1, and the end face modulus is 1.5. Therefore, the oil pump of the present invention transmits power through the camshaft 104, and the structure is more compact.
  • the respirator 170 utilizes a connecting tube 175 which is a flexible metal bellows having an inner diameter of 8 to 10 mm and which communicates the gear chamber 188 with the intake tube 171.
  • the upper end of the connecting tube 175 is provided with a hinge body 173, the hinge body 173 is fixed to the right end surface of the intake pipe 171 by the hinge screw 174 and the combination pad 172.
  • the lower end of the connecting tube 175 is provided with a hinge body 178 connected to the joint 181 of the breathing port 176 and fixed to the advancer cover 185.
  • the breathing port 176 is composed of a joint 181 and a funnel-shaped damper cover 183, wherein the joint 181 is a cylindrical body having a shoulder at one end, the shoulder end surface is provided with an axial blind hole, and the bottom of the blind hole is provided with a radial hole communicating with the blind hole.
  • the funnel-shaped damper cover 183 is disposed inside the advancer cover 185.
  • the funnel-shaped damper cover 183 is provided with three upper and lower staggered semi-closed partitions, that is, an upper closed partition 184, from the bottom of the cover to the cover.
  • the lower partition 186 is closed, and the lower portion of the lower semi-closed partition 186 is provided with an oil return hole 186A, and the upper closed partition plate 187 is provided.
  • the joint 181 is provided with an outer end surface of the shoulder and a cover bottom of the funnel-shaped damper cover 183.
  • the other end is connected from the center hole of the bowl bottom of the advanceer cover 185 from the inside to the outside, and is connected to the hinge body 178 at the outer end surface of the advancer cover 185, and passes through the combination washer 179 and the cap nut 180. It is fixed on the advancer cover 185; since the gear chamber 188 in the advanceer cover 185 is in communication with the crankcase of the diesel engine, the utilization of the respirator 170 is achieved to achieve the balance of the crankcase pressure of the diesel engine.
  • test of the invention firstly, the diesel engine is fixed on a rotating frame corresponding to the vertical flipping and inversion of the diesel engine, and then the diesel engine is rotated horizontally by 90°, and fixed on a rotating frame corresponding to the horizontal flipping and inversion of the diesel engine, with reference to the International Maritime Organization.
  • SOLAS International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
  • MSC.81(70) of the Maritime Safety Committee of the International Maritime Organization are respectively carried out according to the following steps:
  • the oil pressure of the oil is 0.3. ⁇ 0.35MPa, oil temperature 80-90°, cooling water temperature 70-85°, ambient temperature 22°, diesel engine running normally, and no oil leakage was found.
  • the machine showed no signs of overheating or excessive wear.

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Abstract

一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置，包括润滑系统和呼吸系统，润滑系统包括机身（101），机油泵，油底壳（118），呼吸系统为柴油机呼吸器；油底壳（118）横向设置一块隔板（1181），将油底壳（118）型腔分隔为左、右型腔，左型腔设为集油槽（1182），右型腔设为油箱体（127A），油箱体（127A）口部设有法兰固定着油箱盖（125），形成封闭的滑油油箱（127）；机油泵为进、出油口分别独立的双联泵，上下叠加，上层为润滑泵（111），下层为回油泵（112）；回油泵（112）的回油泵吸油口（114）连接至集油槽（1182）的底部，出油口连接至滑油油箱（127）；润滑泵进油口连接至滑油油箱（127），出油口与机身主油道（102）联通；油箱盖（125）上设有一只呼吸单向阀（132）和一只气压安全阀（131）；抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置将柴油机油底壳承担的机油汇集功能和储存功能分开，使柴油机无论是进行纵向、横向翻转倒置都能够正常工作。

Description

一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置，特别涉及一种抛落式救生艇柴油机倒置不停车装置，即实现救生艇在柴油机工作状态下，从母船的抛落架上不停车抛落入水，属于船舶柴油机技术领域。
背景技术
救生艇在母船上抛落式释放，可以大大提高救生效率。该技术越来越多地被人们重视和使用。但选用的救生艇主机为倒置停车柴油机，即柴油机在救生艇入水自动扶正后开始点火，从而会浪费一些宝贵的救生时间，因此又制约了抛落式救生艇快捷效能的发挥。
目前,救生艇柴油机倒置不停车装置，在救生艇翻转倒置时,不仅存在着柴油机只能绕着与曲轴轴线平行的轴线翻转,即救生艇只能横向翻转，而且还存在着柴油机在翻转倒置时机油泄漏问题。虽然柴油机符合：国际海事组织《国际海上人命安全公约》2009以及国际海事组织海上安全委员会MSC.81(70)决议通过的《经修订的关于救生设备试验的建议案》，“发动机倒置试验6.14.6将发动机固定于一个可绕着相当于救生艇纵轴的轴线旋转的架子上,在发动机下方设置一个盘子收集漏油以便测量。6.14.7在试验时按下述步骤进行：……6.14.7.8将运转中的发动机沿顺时针方向旋转180°，保持于180°的位置达10s，然后沿顺时针方向再旋转180°，以完成一周(综合试验步骤，柴油机一次试验需完成顺时针和逆时针旋转共6周)；6.14.8在试验期间，发动机不应发生过热、工作失效，或当任一次倒置时漏油超过250ml。”，但是它不能满足救生艇柴油机在不停车的状态下，从母船艇架上抛落式入水，以及救生艇在行驶过程中，被海浪卷起引起的纵向翻转的使用要求。
众所周知，保持柴油机能够在翻转、倒置状态下短时工作的条件是需要为柴油机提供良好的润滑。现有救生艇柴油机，其倒置不停车装置，如专利号：200810154941.5，该装置设置了安装在缸头罩壳上的主呼吸器，安装在提前器盖上的副呼吸器，主呼吸器用于柴油机正置工作,副呼吸器用于柴油机倒置工作；除此之外，该装置主要结构还包括在曲轴箱与油底壳型腔之间设置一块隔板，将曲轴箱与油底壳型腔密封隔开，并在隔板上设置单向阀,柴油机正置、或横倾小于等于90°时，单向阀都处于导通状态，曲轴箱与油底壳型腔联通，以便柴油机回油；当柴油机横倾大于90°后,单向阀阀口自动关闭，曲轴箱与油底壳型腔隔开，从而控制油底壳型腔内机油流入曲轴箱，使得柴油机在翻转、倒置时机油泵进油口始终浸没在油底壳型腔的机油内，保持柴油机润滑。
抛落式救生艇是以艇艏向下,艇的纵向与水平面呈35°～45°斜角的方式固定在母船抛落架上，救生艇柴油机是以齿轮室端对着艇艏,飞轮端对着艇艉,固定在救生艇机舱底部，救生艇抛落时，艇艏向下直抛入水，柴油机跟随纵向翻转约90°，齿轮室向下。因此，将现有的倒置不停车救生艇柴油机装入抛落式救生艇内，再将救生艇固定到母船抛落架上，油底壳隔板上单向阀尚未截止，即油底壳与柴油机曲轴箱为连通，因此，柴油机油底壳型腔内一部分机油将通过单向阀阀口流入曲轴箱和齿轮室内，导致油底壳型腔内油位下降，使得油底壳型腔内剩余的机油不能维持柴油机整个抛落过程的润滑。增加油底壳型腔的储油 量，又会导致柴油机在固定状态下油位升高，机油浸没柴油机副呼吸器口，从而使机油从副呼吸器口流出机器，造成机油浪费和环境污染，目前，一般救生艇倒置不停车柴油机在油底壳内储油量大约为5～7升。此外，当柴油机向下抛落时，原先柴油机在固定状态下，从油底壳型腔流入到曲轴箱和齿轮室盖内的机油，将浸没柴油机副呼吸器口，导致柴油机机油泄漏不可控；所以，该结构不能满足抛落式倒置不停车救生艇柴油机的使用要求。
综上所述，目前柴油机倒置不停车装置，要实现救生艇在柴油机工作状态下，从母船的抛落架上不停车抛落入水，需要解决的问题：1、柴油机不能够纵向翻转；2、柴油机翻转时对外机油泄漏；3、柴油机需配备双呼吸器,即柴油机同时配备主呼吸器、副呼吸器。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有倒置不停车救生艇柴油机，只能横向翻转，不能纵向翻转，且柴油机翻转时会产生机油泄漏污染；以及柴油机还需配备双呼吸器,即柴油机同时配备主呼吸器、副呼吸器等缺陷。
发明一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置，满足救生艇柴油机，从母船的抛落架上，在不停车的状态下抛落入水，以及救生艇在行驶过程中被海浪卷起引起的纵向、横向等翻转、倒置状态下的使用要求。
为达到上述目的，本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现。
一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置，包括润滑系统和呼吸系统，所述润滑系统包括机身、机油泵，设置在机身底部的油底壳，所述呼吸系统为柴油机呼吸器，柴油机呼吸器为连通柴油机曲轴箱与进气管的连通装置；其特征在于：所述油底壳，其横向设置一块隔板,将油底壳型腔分隔为左、右型腔,左型腔设为集油槽，右型腔设为油箱体，油箱体口部设有法兰固定着油箱盖，形成封闭的滑油油箱；所述机油泵为进、出油口分别独立的双联泵，上下叠加，上层为润滑泵，下层为回油泵；所述回油泵的进油口由管路连接至集油槽的底部，出油口由管路连接至滑油油箱内；所述润滑泵进油口由管路连接至滑油油箱内，出油口由管路连接至机滤器入口，机滤器出口与机身主油道联通；所述油箱盖上设置一只呼吸单向阀和一只气压安全阀；所述呼吸单向阀固定在油箱盖的左侧中部。
本发明的目的还可以通过以下技术解决措施来进一步实现。
上述所述机油泵,设置在集油槽内，机油泵的泵轴上端伸出泵体，并穿过机身上轴承孔,在泵轴的上顶端还设有一只蜗轮，与柴油机上凸轮轴上设置的蜗杆相啮合；机油泵泵体的上端设有法兰，固定在机身上。
上述所述回油泵和润滑泵，均为转子泵。
上述所述回油泵和润滑泵，润滑泵流量为23～24升/分钟，回油泵的流量大于润滑泵流量1～1.5升/分钟。
上述所述蜗轮为13齿,蜗杆为13头,端面模数为1.5。
上述所述回油泵，其吸油口为带有滤网的长条漏斗形，设置在集油槽左下侧，且漏斗大端朝向集油槽底部。
上述所述润滑泵，其吸油口为柔性吸油口。
上述所述柔性吸油口，其端口形状为漏斗形，漏斗的大端带有滤网始终向下，漏斗的小端利用金属波纹管连接至滑油油箱侧面的油箱B管接头右端口。
上述所述油箱体，其侧面设有一只带加油盖的加油口。
上述所述加油口，其高度与油底壳上平面齐平。
上述所述滑油油箱，为长方体，容量为8～9升，储油6～7升；在油箱体与油箱盖之间设有密封圈。
上述所述油箱盖，油箱盖右高左低，斜度为2～3°；
上述所述呼吸单向阀，其外壳为一个内孔和外圆均为单层台阶圆筒形外壳，内外径均为上小下大，上为呼吸单向阀出口端，下为呼吸单向阀进口端，出口端内外圆设有螺纹。
上述所述出口端外螺纹，利用螺母将呼吸单向阀固定在油箱盖的左侧中部。
上述所述出口端内螺纹，连接着呼吸管的一端；呼吸管为一只90°弯管，弯头向左，端口与滑油油箱左侧面齐平。
上述所述油底壳材质为铝合金。
上述所述连通装置，为连接曲轴箱与进气管之间的连接管，所述连接管内径为8～10毫米，在连接管的两端设有连接端口，分别为曲轴箱端口和气管端端口；所述曲轴箱端口为漏斗形，在漏斗形端口内沿轴向依次设置有三块上下交错半封闭的隔板，漏斗口与水平面保持垂直，所述进气管端端口为铰接端口。
上述所述连接管为柔性金属波纹管。
本发明的优点和有益效果：
众所周知，保证柴油机翻转倒置短时工作，必须要保证其润滑，以及曲轴箱气压平衡。本发明是将救生艇柴油机油底壳承担机油的汇集功能和储存功能分开，左边集油槽承担机油的汇集功能，右边滑油油箱承担机油的储存功能。柴油机工作时，利用润滑泵将滑油油箱内机油经机滤器，输送至柴油机的主油道润滑机器，同时利用回油泵将润滑后汇集在集油槽内的机油送回到滑油油箱储存，实现柴油机机油循环利用。由于使用的滑油油箱是密封的且设计容量充足，并使用柔性吸油口，确保柴油机正置、翻转、倒置时都能够得到充分润滑。
柴油机曲轴箱除呼吸器的呼吸口外，与机体外是密封的，本发明回油泵比润滑泵的流量略大，从而使柴油机工作时，集油槽内无存油，因此，柴油机无论是纵向、还是横向翻转、倒置，机体内不会有存油进入呼吸器漏斗形阻尼呼吸口，造成机油外泄；实现柴油机正置、翻转、倒置时，仅需要一只呼吸器，就能够满足曲轴箱气压平衡，且无机油泄漏；呼吸器将曲轴箱内油气送入柴油机进气管，给柴油机做功，实现节能环保排放。
此外，由于滑油油箱设置在油底壳内，通过呼吸单向阀将滑油油箱内左上部空间与曲轴箱联通，实现滑油油箱的气压平衡，同时避免救生艇固定在抛落架或抛落时，滑油油箱内机油浸没呼吸单向阀呼吸口；通过油箱盖上设置的安全阀，确保滑油油箱安全。
本发明利用机体内凸轮轴上设置的蜗杆，带动双联机油泵泵轴上的蜗轮，实现机油泵的动力传输，结构更加紧凑。
本发明的优点和特点，将通过下面优选实施例的非限制性说明进行图示和解释，这些实施例，是参照附图仅作为例子给出的。
附图说明
图1本发明润滑系统示意图
图2本发明柴油机纵剖示意图
图3本发明柴油机横剖示意图
图4本发明呼吸器示意图
图5本发明呼吸器单向阀132示意图
图中：101、机身，102、主油道，103、定位孔，104、凸轮轴，104A、蜗杆，105、蜗轮，106、轴承，107、腰形法兰，108、螺钉，109、油泵外壳，110、泵轴，111、润滑泵，112、回油泵，114、回油泵吸油口，118、油底壳，1181、隔板，1182、集油槽，119、分油路块，122、油箱A管接头,123、油箱B管接头、124、柔性油管，125、油箱盖，126、吸油口，127、滑油油箱，127A、油箱体，131、气压安全阀，132、呼吸单向阀，1321、开口销，1322、钢球，1323、外壳，1324、气门，1325、台阶，1326、外螺纹，1327、内螺纹，133、呼吸管,134、机滤器，135、溢流阀，141、加油口，142、加油口盖。
170、呼吸器，171、进气管，172、组合垫片一，173、铰接体一，174、铰接螺钉，175、连接管，176、呼吸口，178铰接体二，179、组合垫片二，180、盖形螺母，181、接头，183、漏斗形阻尼罩，184、上封闭隔板一，185、提前器盖，186、下封闭隔板，186A、回油孔，187、上封闭隔板二，188、齿轮室。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的和技术方案更加清楚，下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
本技术领域技术人员可以理解，除非另外定义，这里使用的所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语)具有与本发明所属领域中的普通技术人员的一般理解相同的意义。
本发明中所述的“左、右、上、下、前、后”的含义指的是阅读者正对附图时，阅读者的左边即为左，阅读者的右边即为右，阅读者的上边即为上，阅读者的下边即为下，阅读者前方纸里的面为前，阅读者正对的面为后，而非对本发明的特定限定。
本发明中所述的“连接”的含义可以是部件之间的直接连接也可以是部件间通过其它部件的间接连接。
如图1、图2、图3所示，油底壳118其横向设置一块隔板1181,将油底壳型腔分隔为左、右型腔,左型腔设为集油槽1182，右型腔设为油箱体127A。
在油箱体127A的后侧面，设有加油口141，加油口141的口部与油底壳118上平面齐平，并设有密封的加油口盖142。
在油箱体127A的左侧面,即隔板1181上,分别在其上半部设有油箱A管接头122，供回油泵112出油端管路连接；在其下半部设有油箱B管接头123，油箱B管接头123左端供润滑泵111进油端管路连接，油箱B管接头123右端深入油箱体127A内，连接着柔性油管124右端。
在油箱体127A的口部，设有法兰，用于固定油箱盖125的法兰，且右高左低，斜度2～3°，便于机油向集油槽1182汇集，且在油箱体127A与油箱盖125之间还设有密封圈，组合成一个密封的滑油油箱127，滑油油箱127容量约为8～9升，储油6～7升。
在油箱体127A内部，油箱B管接头123的右端，连接着一根柔性油管124，柔性油管124的另一端，连接着一只带有过滤功能漏斗形的吸油口126，该吸油口126能够在自身重力 的作用下，随着滑油油箱127翻转、倒置，吸油口126吸口始终向下，并保持在滑油油箱127内机油的下部，确保柴油机在翻转、倒置时润滑泵111吸油口126的进油，满足柴油机润滑；柔性油管124为不锈钢波纹管。
在油箱盖125左侧中部设有一只呼吸单向阀132，在油箱盖125中部设有一只气压安全阀131。
气压安全阀131设定的压力值为1150～1200kPa，当滑油油箱127内气压达到该值时，气压安全阀131自动打开排气，当压力值下降到1120～1100kPa时，气压安全阀131自动关闭；
如图5所示，呼吸单向阀132的结构，包含一个内孔和外圆均为单层台阶圆筒形外壳1323，内外径均为上小下大，外壳1323下内孔设有一只直径小于筒体内径2～3毫米的钢球1322，外壳1323上下内孔交界处设有圆形气门1324，能被钢球1322封堵，外壳1323下端径向设有贯穿开口销1321孔，利用开口销1321的阻挡，使钢球1322始终保持在外壳1323下内孔里，上下活动距离约为5～10毫米，利用外壳1323的上端外螺纹1326和台阶1325，通过螺母将外壳1323固定在油箱盖125上,内螺纹1327用来连接呼吸管133；呼吸管133为90°弯头，弯头的一端设有螺纹，与内螺纹1327连接，另一端的端口平面与隔板1181齐平。
呼吸单向阀132的功能：滑油油箱127随救生艇翻转超90°或倒置时，钢球1322在重力作用下，封堵气门1324，单向阀132关闭，避免滑油油箱127内机油流入机身101内的曲轴箱中；滑油油箱127正置时，钢球1322落回外壳1323下内孔的下端。滑油油箱127随救生艇翻转小于90°时，由于时间短，根据理想气体平衡方程，机油渗入曲轴箱的量已可忽略不计；此外，由于呼吸单向阀132设置在油箱盖125左侧中部，且呼吸管133为90°弯头另一端的端口平面与隔板1181齐平，因此，保证救生艇固定在抛落架上，或抛落时，滑油油箱127内机油不会浸没呼吸单向阀132。
如图1、图2、图3所示，集油槽1182内设有机油泵，机油泵为进、出油口分别独立的双联转子泵，上下叠加，上层为润滑泵111，下层为回油泵112；润滑泵111流量为23～24升/分钟，回油泵112的流量比润滑泵111流量大1～1.5升/分钟。
润滑泵111的进油端利用管路与油箱B管接头123相连。润滑泵111的机油出油路线：润滑泵111出油端—分油路块119—机滤器134—分油路块119—主油道102，机油进入机滤器134前，在分油路块119内部，设有一只溢流阀135，控制主油道102机油压力为0.3～0.4Pa，溢流阀135的溢油流回柴油机内部曲轴箱至集油槽1182，控制柴油机的润滑系统压力；
回油泵112的回油泵吸油口114设置在集油槽1182下左侧，为长条形；回油泵112的出油端连接至滑油油箱127的油箱A管接头122。
如图3所示，润滑泵111与回油泵112共用一只泵轴110和油泵外壳109，泵轴110穿过机身101上设置的定位孔103，定位在轴承106内，并通过油泵外壳109的上端设有腰形法兰107，腰形法兰107通过螺钉108固定在机身101上，泵轴110的上端固定一只蜗轮105与凸轮轴104上设置的蜗杆104A啮合，蜗轮105有13齿,蜗杆104A有13头,即传动比1:1，端面模数1.5，因此，本发明机油泵是通过凸轮轴104传递动力，结构更加紧凑。
如图4所示，呼吸器170是利用一根连接管175，所述连接管175为柔性金属波纹管，内径为8～10毫米，将齿轮室188与进气管171联通的装置。连接管175的上端设有铰接体一 173，通过铰接螺钉174、组合垫片一172，将铰接体一173固定在进气管171的右端面上。连接管175的下端设有铰接体二178，与呼吸口176的接头181连接，固定在提前器盖185上。
呼吸口176由接头181和漏斗形阻尼罩183构成，其中接头181为一端设有凸肩的柱形体，凸肩端面设有轴向盲孔，盲孔底部设有与盲孔相通的径向孔，所述漏斗形阻尼罩183设置在所述提前器盖185内侧，漏斗形阻尼罩183内自罩底向罩口依次设置有三块上下交错半封闭的隔板，即上封闭隔板一184，下封闭隔板186，且下半封闭隔186的下部设有回油孔186A，上封闭隔板二187，所述接头181设有凸肩一端外端面与所述漏斗形阻尼罩183的罩底相连通，另一端从所述提前器盖185的碗底中心孔由内向外穿出，在提前器盖185的外端面与铰接体二178连接，并通过组合垫片二179、盖形螺母180固定在提前器盖185上；由于提前器盖185内齿轮室188是与柴油机的曲轴箱是联通的，从而实现利用呼吸器170，实现柴油机曲轴箱气压平衡。
本发明试验：先将柴油机，固定于一个相当于柴油机纵向翻转、倒置的旋转架子上，再将柴油机水平旋转90°，固定于一个相当于柴油机横向翻转、倒置的旋转架子上，参照国际海事组织《国际海上人命安全公约》2009以及国际海事组织海上安全委员会MSC.81(70)决议通过的《经修订的关于救生设备试验的建议案》，分别按“6.14.7在试验时按下列步骤进行”试验：
1、起动柴油机并全速运转5min
2、停车并沿顺时针方向旋转360°
3、再起动柴油机并全速运转10min
4、停车并沿逆时针方向旋转360°
5、再起动柴油机，全速运转10min，然后停机
6、使柴油机冷却下来
7、再起动柴油机并全速运转5min
8、将运转中的柴油机沿顺时针方向旋转180°，保持于180°的位置达10s，然后沿顺时针方向再旋转180°，以完成一周
9、让柴油机继续全速运转10min
10、停车并让其冷却
11、再起动柴油机并全速运转5min
12、将运转中的柴油机沿逆时针方向旋转180°，保持于180°的位置达10s，然后沿逆时针方向再旋转180°，以完成一周
13、让柴油机并全速运转10min
14、停车并让其冷却
15、再起动柴油机，并全速运转5min，
16、将柴油机沿顺时针方向旋转180°柴油机停机，再旋转180°，以完成顺时针一周
17、再起动柴油机，并全速运转10min
18、将柴油机沿逆时针方向旋转180°柴油机停机，再旋转180°，以完成逆时针一周
19、重新起动柴油机，全速运转10min，然后停机
20、拆开柴油机检查
经过柴油机的纵向翻转、倒置，和横向翻转、倒置试验，在试验期间，机油油压0.3 ～0.35MPa,、机油温度80～90°、冷却水水温70～85°，环境温度22°，柴油机运转正常，且未发现漏油，拆开柴油机检查时，机器无过热或过度磨损的迹象。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置，包括润滑系统和呼吸系统，所述润滑系统包括机身、机油泵，设置在机身底部的油底壳，所述呼吸系统为柴油机呼吸器，柴油机呼吸器为连通柴油机曲轴箱与进气管的连通装置；其特征在于：所述油底壳，其横向设置一块隔板,将油底壳型腔分隔为左、右型腔,左型腔设为集油槽，右型腔设为油箱体，油箱体口部设有法兰固定着油箱盖，形成封闭的滑油油箱；所述机油泵为进、出油口分别独立的双联泵，上下叠加，上层为润滑泵，下层为回油泵；所述回油泵的进油口由管路连接至集油槽的底部，出油口由管路连接至滑油油箱内；所述润滑泵进油口由管路连接至滑油油箱内，出油口由管路连接至机滤器入口，机滤器出口与机身主油道联通；所述油箱盖上设置一只呼吸单向阀和一只气压安全阀；所述呼吸单向阀进口端设置在油箱盖下面，呼吸单向阀出口端设置在油箱盖上面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置，其特征在于：所述机油泵,设置在集油槽内，机油泵的泵轴上端伸出泵体，并穿过机身上轴承孔,在泵轴的上顶端还设有一只蜗轮，与柴油机凸轮轴上设置的蜗杆相啮合；机油泵泵体的上端设有法兰，固定在机身上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置，其特征在于：所述回油泵，其进油口为带有滤网的长条漏斗形，设置在集油槽左下边，且漏斗大端朝向集油槽底部。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置，其特征在于：所述润滑泵，其进油口为柔性进油口。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置，其特征在于：所述滑油油箱，为长方体，容量为8～9升，储油6～7升；在油箱体与油箱盖之间设有密封圈。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置，其特征在于：所述呼吸单向阀，其外壳为一个内孔和外圆均为单层台阶圆筒形外壳，内外径均为上小下大，上为呼吸单向阀出口端，下为呼吸单向阀进口端，出口端内外圆均设有螺纹。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置，其特征在于：所述出口端外螺纹，利用螺母将呼吸单向阀固定在油箱盖的左侧中部。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置，其特征在于：所述出口端内螺纹，连接着呼吸管的一端；呼吸管为一只90°弯管，呼吸管的另一端端口与滑油油箱左侧面齐平。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种抛落艇用多缸柴油机倒置不停车装置，其特征在于：所述连通装置，为连接曲轴箱与进气管之间的连接管，所述连接管内径为8～10毫米，在连接管的两端设有连接端口，分别为曲轴箱端口和气管端端口；所述曲轴箱端口为漏斗形，在漏斗形端口内沿轴向依次设置有三块上下交错半封闭的隔板，漏斗口与水平面保持垂直，所述进气管端端口为铰接端口。
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