WO2018210204A1 - 物料处理装置、其组和系统及有机物料处理方法 - Google Patents

物料处理装置、其组和系统及有机物料处理方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018210204A1
WO2018210204A1 PCT/CN2018/086689 CN2018086689W WO2018210204A1 WO 2018210204 A1 WO2018210204 A1 WO 2018210204A1 CN 2018086689 W CN2018086689 W CN 2018086689W WO 2018210204 A1 WO2018210204 A1 WO 2018210204A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
disposed
material processing
valve
processing chamber
top plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/086689
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
由里
由甲
吴班
刘鸣
Original Assignee
山东汉菱电气有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 山东汉菱电气有限公司 filed Critical 山东汉菱电气有限公司
Publication of WO2018210204A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018210204A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B19/00—Heating of coke ovens by electrical means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B33/00—Discharging devices; Coke guides
    • C10B33/02—Extracting coke with built-in devices, e.g. gears, screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B33/00—Discharging devices; Coke guides
    • C10B33/12—Discharge valves
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B41/00—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke
    • C10B41/02—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke for discharging coke
    • C10B41/04—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke for discharging coke by electrical means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/16—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members
    • F16K1/18—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/36—Valve members

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a material processing device, a material processing device group, a material processing system including the material processing device or the material processing device group, and an organic material processing method, in particular, the organic material is processed to be subjected to dry distillation cracking gasification to generate decontamination regeneration.
  • a material processing device for extracting combustible gas and tar a material processing device group, a material processing system including the material processing device or the material processing device group, and an organic material processing method.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a material handling device, a material handling device group, a material processing system including the material processing device or the material processing device group, which is simple in structure, convenient for installation, maintenance and repair, and energy-efficient, and Organic material processing method.
  • a material device comprising: a main body including a rectangular bottom plate, four walls extending vertically upward from four sides of the bottom plate, and a connection parallel to the bottom plate a top wall of a four wall; a processing chamber comprising an upper section and a lower section, having a tapered quadrangular shape from top to bottom, the upper section being sleeved in the body, the lower section being from the body
  • the bottom plate extends downward, the joint surface of the upper portion and the lower portion passes through an opening in the bottom plate of the main body; at least two feed hoppers each of which have a funnel shape and are respectively disposed at the bottom
  • the lower ends of the at least two feed hoppers communicate with the processing chamber through openings in the top plate of the main body; a dial discharge valve is connected to the a lower end of the lower portion of the processing chamber; an electric heater group disposed in the processing chamber, uniformly disposed to hang
  • the electric heater group may include a plurality of heating rods, the plurality of heating rods being divided into two groups, each group being arranged in a rectangular matrix, and the two sets of matrices are interposed therebetween exhaust pipe.
  • each of the heating rods includes a ceramic skeleton having a cylindrical shape in cross section, a heating resistance wire formed in a line along the axial direction of the skeleton in the bobbin to form a loop, And a high temperature shield disposed around the ceramic skeleton.
  • the heating rod comprises six heating resistor wires on the inner circumference of the ceramic skeleton, and each two heating resistor wires are electrically connected in series to one phase of the three-phase power source, and the three phases are made The electrical load is consistent.
  • the electric heater group includes a plurality of heating plates, the plurality of heating plates are divided into two groups, each group is arranged in a rectangular matrix, and the row is sandwiched between the two groups of matrices trachea.
  • each of the heating plates includes a ceramic plate skeleton, a heating resistance wire which is disposed in a line pipe in the skeleton in one direction of the ceramic plate skeleton to form a loop, and is laid on a high temperature resistant shield on the outer side of the ceramic skeleton, the heating plate being bent into a comb shape.
  • each of the heating plates includes a plurality of resistance wires forming a loop, and each of the two heating resistor wires is electrically connected in series to one phase of the three-phase power source to make the three-phase electric load uniform.
  • the height of the electric heater group is equal to one third to three quarters of the height of the upper portion of the processing chamber.
  • the exhaust pipe may comprise a tube having a circular or square ring cross section.
  • a sidewall of the processing chamber and a sidewall of the body are filled with a thermally insulating material.
  • the outer periphery of the lower section of the processing chamber comprises a layer of thermally insulating material.
  • the quadrangular pyramid shape of the upper section of the processing chamber comprises a combination of at least one quadrangular prism and at least one quadrangular prism.
  • the at least two feed hoppers comprise two joined feed hoppers that are symmetrical about the top plate of the body, integral with the inlet end.
  • the lower end of each of the two connected feed hoppers comprises a discharge opening having a square cross section.
  • each of the two connected feed hoppers comprises a discharge opening having an elongated rectangular cross section.
  • the at least two feed hoppers comprise four joint feed hoppers with an inlet end integral, and the lower end of each of the four joint feed hoppers comprises a square cross section
  • the discharge port is symmetrically disposed with respect to the top plate of the main body.
  • the dial discharge valve includes a valve body and a spool rotatably mounted in the valve body, the spool including a body portion of the hollow body and a body portion disposed around the body portion A skipper plate discharges material by a rotational movement of the spool relative to the valve body.
  • the valve body comprises a hollow sandwiched wall, two ends of the hollow sandwiched wall are respectively connected to the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, and the two ends of the body portion of the valve core are respectively connected
  • the water pipe and the water outlet pipe realize cooling and heat recovery of the dial discharge valve by circulating cooling water to the valve body and the valve body.
  • variable speed motor or a variable frequency motor is connected to a variable speed motor or a variable frequency motor via a speed reducer via a chain drive.
  • the sealing flapper valve includes a valve body coupled to the cartridge and a card that is translatable relative to the valve body, and includes a connection to the card for pushing and pulling
  • An actuator that implements opening or closing of the flapper valve based on the level information provided by the level gauge.
  • the actuator comprises a hydraulic servo.
  • a material handling apparatus set comprising: a body comprising a rectangular bottom plate, four walls extending vertically upward from four sides of the bottom plate, and parallel to the bottom plate and connecting the four walls a top plate, the main body is divided into a plurality of equidistant units along a length thereof; each unit corresponding to the main body further includes: a processing chamber including an upper portion and a lower portion, which are tapered from top to bottom a prismatic shape, the upper section is sleeved in each unit of the body, the lower section extends downward from the bottom plate of the body, and an interface of the upper section and the lower section passes through An opening in the bottom plate of the main body; at least two feed hoppers each of which assume a funnel shape, respectively disposed on both sides of the top plate of the main body, the at least two feed hoppers a lower end communicating with the processing chamber through an opening in the top plate of the main body; a dial discharge valve connected to a lower end of the lower
  • the material handling device set further comprises a layer of thermally insulating material disposed around the body and around each lower section of each processing chamber.
  • each of the exhaust pipes is connected to the exhaust manifold by a service valve.
  • the number of units of the body is selected according to the amount of material handling required.
  • each of the dial discharge valves is controlled by the electric motor according to the temperature in the main body and the holding time of the predetermined temperature.
  • a material processing system comprising: a material processing apparatus as described above; a dry distillation gas washing apparatus for purifying a gas from an exhaust pipe of the material processing apparatus; and self-cleaning
  • the heat exchanger performs heat exchange cooling and further purification treatment on the gas from the dry distillation gas washing device.
  • a material processing system comprising: a material handling device set as described above; a dry distillation gas washing device for purifying a gas from an exhaust pipe of the material processing device group; and The heat exchanger is configured to perform heat exchange cooling and further purification treatment on the gas from the dry distillation gas washing device.
  • a processing method for processing an organic material using a material processing apparatus comprising: a body comprising a rectangular bottom plate, four walls extending vertically upward from four sides of the bottom plate, and a top plate parallel to the bottom plate and connecting the four walls, the processing chamber, including an upper portion and a lower portion, having a tapered quadrangular shape from top to bottom, the upper portion being sleeved in the body,
  • the lower section extends downwardly from the bottom plate of the body, the joint surface of the upper section and the lower section passes through an opening in the bottom plate of the body, at least two feed hoppers, each of which Presenting funnel shapes respectively disposed on both sides of the top plate of the main body, and lower ends of the at least two feed hoppers communicate with the processing chamber through openings in the top plate of the main body, a dial a discharge valve connected to a lower end of the lower portion of the processing chamber, a heater group disposed in the processing chamber, uniformly disposed with
  • a sealing flapper valve disposed at a lower end of the cartridge to close or open a lower end opening of the cartridge, wherein the sealing flapper valve is provided according to a level gauge provided on a wall of the cartridge
  • the material level information is turned on or off; the processing method includes: loading the organic material into the material processing device through the feeding hopper until the organic material is no longer descending; working the electric heater group by turning on the power; After the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature and after a predetermined time, the dial discharge valve is opened and the sealing flapper valve is opened to enter a continuous working state.
  • the predetermined temperature comprises 400 degrees Celsius to 600 degrees Celsius.
  • the predetermined temperature is relatively low for the case where the tar is extracted with a heavy weight, and the predetermined temperature is relatively high for the case of the partial extraction of the gas.
  • the predetermined temperature is measured by a thermocouple and the temperature signal is transmitted to the temperature controller for automatic control.
  • the rotational speed of the dial discharge valve is controlled in accordance with the rate of production of light oil and gas in the exhaust pipe.
  • the sealing flapper valve is opened or closed according to the level information provided by the level gauge.
  • an electric heater group is disposed, which is disposed in the processing chamber and uniformly disposed to hang downward from the top plate centering on the geometric center of the top plate of the main body, and the air inlet of the exhaust pipe is disposed in the Both sides of the electric heater group are used to efficiently extract the gas generated in the processing chamber to the outside, thus achieving the following advantageous effects.
  • the closed processing chamber and the electric heater group are used for heating, the introduction of air-assisted combustion in the conventional technology while bringing the cooling of the processing chamber and affecting the output is solved as compared with the conventional technology of controlling the temperature of the processing chamber by adjusting the combustion of the air.
  • the problem of gas quality At the same time, the temperature control of the processing chamber is simple and easy, the accuracy is high, and the temperature uniformity is good.
  • the produced gas has a high calorific value, a high oil yield and all are light tar.
  • the center position of the electric heater group coincides with the geometric center of the top of the processing chamber, the center position of the electric heater group is the highest temperature in the processing chamber, and according to the principle of the temperature gradient, the continuously descending material is heated away from the electric heating.
  • the unit is gradually cooled down.
  • the material processing chamber of the present invention is designed to have a substantially tapered cross-sectional tube shape and is relatively long so that the material passes through the processing chamber to sufficiently lyse the material. During the cracking process of the material, the gas generated as the material descends naturally gathers toward the highest point of the temperature and the center of the electric heater at the geometrical maximum point, so that the intake port of the exhaust pipe is disposed therein.
  • the prior art material processing device has a calorific value of about 3500 kcal/m 3 and a methane content of about 27%; the gas produced by the material processing device according to the present invention under the same conditions The calorific value is above 4800kcal/m 3 and the methane content is increased to over 40%.
  • the material handling device comprises a storage barrel, a sealing flapper valve and a level gauge downstream of the dial discharge valve, the storage cylinder being in the shape of a cylinder having a rectangular cross section. a downstream of the dial discharge valve for accommodating material discharged from the dial discharge valve, and a sealing flap valve disposed at a lower end of the storage cylinder to close or open a lower end opening of the storage cylinder Wherein the sealing flapper valve is opened or closed according to the material level information provided by the level gauge provided on the wall of the storage drum.
  • the material in the absence of the storage cylinder and the sealing flapper valve, after a certain period of operation, the material will adhere to the dial of the dial discharge valve, so that the dial discharge valve cannot be Normal work, even unable to discharge, so always clear the dial discharge valve to reduce production efficiency.
  • the material In the case of the storage cylinder and the sealing flapper valve, the material is no longer bonded to the dial discharge valve, and the dial discharge valve can work continuously. This greatly increases production efficiency.
  • the sealing flapper valve is normally closed. After the material level reaches the predetermined position, the level gauge will send a signal to control the sealing flapper valve to open for a predetermined time, and then continue to close, so that the material processing device according to the present invention Smoother operation.
  • the material handling apparatus set according to the present invention the material processing system including the material processing apparatus and the material processing apparatus group, and the organic material processing method using the same for processing the organic material also achieve the above advantageous effects.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view showing a material processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a side elevational view showing a material handling apparatus in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an electric heating rod in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4A, 4B are cross-sectional views showing a hot plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5A, 5B are schematic views showing a dial discharge valve according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of the dial discharge valve, and FIG. 5B is a plan view of the dial discharge valve;
  • Figure 6 is a side elevational view showing a material handling device set in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a block diagram showing a material handling system including a material handling device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a block diagram showing a material handling system including a material handling device set in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a flow chart showing a method of treating organic materials for treating organic materials using the material processing apparatus of the present invention.
  • a material processing system can be used to treat domestic waste and industrial and agricultural production emissions, such as paper dust, plant straw, twig leaves, liqueur and vinasse, medical waste, coal foam and/or oil shale foam, etc.
  • Organic material For convenience of explanation, the following description will be made by taking an organic material as an example. For the treatment of other materials, those skilled in the art can realize in the specific implementation according to the specific materials by appropriately adjusting the process parameters such as temperature and time.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view showing a material handling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side view showing a material processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a view showing a material processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a cross-sectional view of a heating rod
  • Figures 4A and 4B are cross-sectional views showing a hot plate in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a material device 100 may include a main body 110, a processing chamber 120, at least two feed hoppers 130, a dial discharge valve 140, an electric heater group 150, and an exhaust gas.
  • the body 110 may include, for example, a rectangular bottom plate 111, four walls 112, 113, 114, and 115 extending vertically upward from four sides of the bottom plate 111, and a top plate 116 parallel to the bottom plate 111 and connecting the four walls 112, 113, 114, and 115.
  • the invention is not limited thereto, but the body 100 may be, for example, a cylindrical shape, a quadrangular prism shape of a square cross section, or any other suitable shape known to those skilled in the art.
  • the processing chamber 120 may include, for example, an upper section 121 and a lower section 122 having a tapered quadrangular shape from top to bottom, the upper section 121 being sleeved in the body 110, and the lower section 122 extending downward from the bottom plate 111 of the body 110.
  • the joint surface of the upper section 121 and the lower section 122 passes through an opening in the bottom plate 111 of the body 110.
  • the upper section portion 121 and the lower section portion 122 of the processing chamber 120 may all be nested within the body 110 without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • Those skilled in the art can determine the processing chamber 120 according to the type of the processing material. The height is determined and some or all of the processing chamber 120 is nested within the body 110 without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • a thermally insulating material is filled between the sidewalls of the process chamber 120 and the sidewalls of the body 110.
  • a heat insulating material may be provided around the outer periphery of the body 110.
  • the outer periphery of the lower portion 122 of the processing chamber 120 includes a layer of thermally insulating material.
  • the quadrangular shape of the upper portion 121 of the processing chamber 120 may include a combination of at least one quadrangular prism and at least one quadrangular prism.
  • the upper portion 121 of the processing chamber 120 may include a quadrangular prism and a quadrangular prism from top to bottom, and then smoothly connected to the lower portion 122; of course, it may also include a quadrangular prism and a quadrangular prism, and then The lower section 122 is smoothly connected.
  • Those skilled in the art can select the difference between the area of each section of the processing chamber 120 and the area occupied by the electric heater group as the material passage area, taking into consideration the smoothness of the downstream speed of the material.
  • Each of the at least two feed hoppers 130 presents a funnel shape, which may be respectively disposed on both sides above the top plate 116 of the main body 110, and the lower ends of the at least two feed hoppers 130 pass through the openings in the top plate 116 of the main body 110 and the processing chamber 120 connected.
  • the invention is not limited thereto, but may be fed using a feed pump or a feeding means conventionally used by those skilled in the art, as long as uniform, continuous feeding is ensured.
  • a valve is provided between the prior art feed hopper and the processing chamber to adjust the feed amount of the hopper, but the material processing apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention may omit such a valve, the amount of which is fed by the dial The discharge valve 140 is controlled. In this way, the material in the processing chamber 120 is in a continuous downward state instead of a intermittent down state, thereby ensuring consistency of material handling.
  • the at least two feed hoppers 130 can include two connected feed hoppers 130 that are symmetrically disposed about the top plate 116 of the body 110 that are integral at the inlet end.
  • each of them may include a discharge opening having a square cross section, or the lower end of each of the two conjoined feed hoppers 130 may include a cross section It is an elongated rectangular discharge port.
  • the selection of a square or elongated rectangular discharge opening is only a matter of compactness of the structural design, and those skilled in the art will be able to arrange a discharge opening of a circular cross section or any other known cross-sectional shape depending on the particular device configuration.
  • At least two feed hoppers 130 may include four connected feed hoppers 130 that are integral at the inlet end, and the lower ends of each of the four connected feed hoppers 130 may include a square cross section.
  • the discharge port is symmetrically disposed with respect to the top plate 116 of the main body 110.
  • a dial discharge valve 140 is coupled to the lower end of the lower section 122 of the process chamber 120. It is apparent that the opening of the lower end of the lower section portion 122 of the process chamber 120 corresponds to the upper end opening of the dial discharge valve 140, and has the same size and shape so that the two are butted against each other by a pair of flanges (not shown).
  • the dial discharge valve 140 is a specially designed device for the material handling apparatus of the present invention and will be described in further detail later in this document.
  • the electric heater group 150 is disposed in the process chamber 120 and is uniformly disposed to hang downward from the top plate 116 centering on the geometric center of the top plate 116 of the body 110.
  • a material passage is formed between the outer side of the electric heater group 150 and the inner wall of the processing chamber 120, and the material enters the processing chamber 120 from at least two feed hoppers 130, that is, is directly heated by the electric heater group 150, and the heat transfer method includes heat conduction and Thermal radiation, of course, also includes heat convection in the gas flow within the processing chamber 120.
  • the material just enters the processing chamber 120 and is caused to be cracked by the electric heater group 150, and there is sufficient process time for cracking, polymerization, and the like until the dial discharge valve is discharged to the outside during the material downflow.
  • the exhaust pipe 160 is horizontally disposed below the top plate 116 of the main body 110, wherein the air inlets 161 of the exhaust pipe 160 are disposed on both sides of the electric heater group 150 to efficiently extract the gas generated in the process chamber 120 to outside.
  • the exhaust pipe 160 may include a pipe having a circular cross section.
  • the exhaust pipe 160 may include a tube having a square ring cross section.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the exhaust pipe 160 may be a tube having a rectangular shape or any shape known to those skilled in the art, or a pipe having a rectangular shape and gradually transitioning to a circular shape. Those skilled in the art can select as appropriate according to actual design needs.
  • the cartridge 170 may be in the form of a cylinder having a rectangular cross section disposed downstream of the dial discharge valve 140 for containing material discharged from the dial discharge valve 140.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the cartridge 170 corresponds to the shape of the outlet of the dial discharge valve 140 to facilitate connection to each other by, for example, a flange, but the present invention is not limited thereto, but for example, the two may be directly joined by welding.
  • a sealing flapper valve 180 may be disposed at a lower end of the cartridge 170 to close or open a lower end opening of the cartridge 170, wherein the sealing flapper valve 180 is disposed according to a material disposed on a wall of the cartridge 170 The level information provided by the bit meter 190 is turned on or off.
  • the level gauge 190 can be any level gauge that senses the level position and issues a corresponding signal, such as a light sensor, a piezoelectric level gauge, and the like.
  • the signal sensed by the level gauge 190 can be sent to a controller, such as a control computer, processor or control chip, to control the opening or closing of the sealing flapper valve 180.
  • the sealing flapper valve 180 may include a valve body 181 coupled to the cartridge 170 and a card 182 movable in translation relative to the valve body 181, and including a plug-in plate 182 for pushing and pulling thereon.
  • Executive agency 183 implements opening or closing of the flapper valve 180 based on the level information provided by the level gauge 190.
  • the actuator 183 can be any actuator that can slide the translational movement of the card 182 along the valve body 181.
  • the actuator 183 may include, for example, a hydraulic servo, a pneumatic servo, a reciprocating fork, or the like.
  • the conventional material handling apparatus also employs a technical solution in which the exhaust pipe is disposed at the top of the processing chamber, the teaching is given to placing the heat source at the bottom or side of the processing chamber.
  • the principle of the present invention is quite different from the prior art because the center position of the electric heater group 150 coincides with the geometric center of the top of the processing chamber 120, so the center position of the electric heater group 150 is the highest temperature in the processing chamber, and According to the principle of temperature gradient, the continuously descending material gradually cools down as it goes away from the electric heater group.
  • the material processing chamber 120 of the present invention is designed to have a substantially tapered cross-sectional tube shape and is relatively long so that the material passes through the processing chamber to sufficiently lyse the material.
  • the electric heater group 150 is disposed near the material inlet, the processing chamber 120 has a sufficient length, and the air intake port 161 of the exhaust pipe 160 is disposed at the same position as the center of the electric heater group 150, thereby greatly improving material handling efficiency and gas. Take out the efficiency.
  • the electric heater group 150 may include, for example, a plurality of heating rods 151, and the plurality of heating rods 151 may be divided into two groups, for example, each group is arranged in a rectangular matrix, and a row is arranged between the two sets of matrices.
  • Air tube 160 may include, for example, a plurality of heating rods 151, and the plurality of heating rods 151 may be divided into two groups, for example, each group is arranged in a rectangular matrix, and a row is arranged between the two sets of matrices.
  • Air tube 160 may include, for example, a plurality of heating rods 151, and the plurality of heating rods 151 may be divided into two groups, for example, each group is arranged in a rectangular matrix, and a row is arranged between the two sets of matrices.
  • each of the plurality of heating bars 151 may include, for example, a ceramic skeleton 151a having a cylindrical shape in cross section, and heating in a loop formed in the bobbin 151a along the axial direction of the bobbin 151a to form a loop.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, for example, the cross-sectional shape of the ceramic skeleton 151a may be rectangular or any other shape known to those skilled in the art, and how the resistance wire 151b is threaded may also be determined according to actual needs without departing from the present invention. range.
  • the heating rod 151 includes six heating resistor wires 151b on the inner circumference of the ceramic bobbin 151a, and each two heating resistor wires 151b are electrically connected in series to one phase of the three-phase power source to make the three-phase electric load uniform.
  • the electric heater group 150 may include, for example, a plurality of heating plates 151, and the plurality of heating plates 151 are divided into two groups, each group being arranged in a rectangular matrix, and exhaust gas is interposed between the two groups of matrices. Tube 160.
  • each of the heating plates 151 includes a ceramic plate bobbin 151a, a heating resistor wire 151b which is disposed in a bobbin in a direction of the bobbin 151a in a direction of the ceramic plate bobbin 151a to form a loop, and is laid over The high temperature shield 151c on the outer side of the ceramic skeleton 151a is bent in a comb shape.
  • the heating plate 151 includes a plurality of circuit-forming resistor wires 151b, and each of the two heating resistor wires 151b is electrically connected in series to one phase of the three-phase power source to make the three-phase electric load uniform.
  • the height of the electric heater is equal to about one-third to about three-quarters the height of the upper portion 122 of the processing chamber 120, preferably equal to about two-thirds the height of the upper portion 122 of the processing chamber 120.
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B are schematic views showing a dial discharge valve according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein Fig. 5A is a sectional view of the dial discharge valve, and Fig. 5B is a plan view of the dial discharge valve.
  • the dial discharge valve 140 includes a valve body 141 and a spool 142.
  • the valve body 141 includes a left end plate 141a, a right end plate 141b, a front wall plate 141c, and a rear wall plate 141d to surround a hexahedral box shape, the upper opening of which serves as a material inlet, and the lower opening thereof serves as a material outlet.
  • the spool 142 has a cylindrical body 142a, and includes a plurality of strips 142b disposed longitudinally around the body 142a and a concentric shaft 143 extending outwardly at the two end faces, rotatably mounted in the valve body 141.
  • the two rotating shafts 143 respectively pass through the openings opened in the left end plate 141a and the right end plate 141b of the valve body 141 and through the bearings (not shown) fixed to the left end plate 141a and the right end plate 141b, and the left end plate 141a and the right end plate 141b. Rotatingly connected.
  • the driven wheel 144 is keyed to one of the two rotating shafts 143 to receive a driving force from the driving wheel (not shown).
  • the spool 142 is a hollow body, and the two rotating shafts 143 are hollow so that the hollow rotating shaft 143 is fluidly connected to the valve body 142 of the hollow body, and the water entering the spool 142 from one of the rotating shafts 143 and the passing material passing through the valve
  • the core wall is heat-exchanged and reused by the other of the rotating shaft 143 being conveyed to the outside.
  • dial discharge valve 140 may further include a water inlet joint 145 and a water outlet joint 146 that are rotatably sealed and connected to the two hollow shafts 143 in fluid communication.
  • the dial plate 142b may be a simple metal plate
  • the dial plate 142b may preferably include a hollow body having a triangular cross section that protrudes radially outward from the body 142a of the valve body 142, according to an embodiment of the present invention. It may also preferably include a hollow body having a trapezoidal shape that protrudes radially outward from the body 142a of the spool 142, and may also preferably include a hollow body having a parabolic shape that protrudes radially outward from the body 142a of the spool 142.
  • a hollow body having a semi-elliptical cross section that protrudes radially outward from the body 142a of the spool 142 By designing the material palette to be hollow, it communicates with the hollow body of the body 142a of the valve core 142, thereby expanding the volume of the hollow body in the valve core, thereby improving the heat exchange between the cooling water and the material in the valve core 142. effectiveness.
  • the spool 142 includes eight dial plates 142b of triangular cross-section, but the invention is not limited thereto, but preferably may include 5 to 10 strips 142b, more preferably 8 strips 142b.
  • the number of the material 142b can be determined according to the density of the material, and the greater the density, the greater the number of the material 142b, and vice versa.
  • the front wall panel 141c of the valve body 141 may include a hollow sandwich, the upper side of the outer wall of the front wall panel 141c is provided with a cooling water inlet, and the lower wall of the outer wall of the front wall panel 141c is provided. There is a cooling water outlet.
  • the rear wall panel 141d of the valve body 141 may include a hollow sandwich, the upper side of the outer wall of the rear wall panel 141d is provided with a cooling water inlet, and the lower side of the outer wall of the rear wall panel 141d is provided with a cooling water outlet. In this way, cooling of the valve body 141 of the dial discharge valve 140 is achieved.
  • Both the spool 142 and the cooling water of the valve body 141 can be reused by recycling.
  • the portion of the inner wall of the front wall panel 141c and the rear wall panel 141d that is rotationally fitted to the dial 142b may include an outwardly projecting arc segment. In this way, material can be reduced or prevented from leaking through the rotational gap between adjacent strips 142b.
  • the valve body 141 and the spool 142 may be made of a metal material, preferably stainless steel, to accommodate heat conduction, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance.
  • the driven wheel 144 may, for example, comprise a pulley or a sprocket, which is connected by a V-belt to a drive wheel of a reduction gearbox driven by an electric motor.
  • the sprocket is connected by a chain to a drive wheel of a motorized gearbox.
  • a gear may be employed to mesh with the gear of the reduction gear box.
  • the motor that drives the dial discharge valve 140 may include a variable speed motor or a variable frequency motor. Thus, the discharge speed adjustment of the dial discharge valve 140 can be achieved by varying the rotational speed of the motor in accordance with commands from the central control chamber.
  • an electric heater group 150 is disposed which is disposed in the processing chamber 120 and uniformly disposed to hang downward from the top plate 116 centering on the geometric center of the top plate 116 of the main body 110, the exhaust pipe 160
  • the air inlets 161 are provided on both sides of the electric heater group 150 to efficiently guide the gas generated in the processing chamber 120 to the outside, thus achieving the following advantageous effects.
  • the closed processing chamber 120 and the electric heater group 150 are used for heating, compared with the conventional technique of controlling the temperature of the processing chamber 120 by adjusting the combustion of the air (in the case of the coal, the heating value of the technical gas is about 1500 kcal/m).
  • the output oil is mainly heavy tar
  • this method can refer to the company's patent ZL201210537632.2), which solves the problem of introducing air-assisted combustion in the conventional technology while bringing the cooling of the processing chamber 120 and affecting the quality of the produced gas.
  • the temperature control of the processing chamber 120 is simple and easy, the accuracy is high, and the temperature uniformity is good.
  • the produced gas has a high calorific value and a high oil production.
  • the center position of the electric heater group 150 coincides with the geometric center of the top of the processing chamber 120, the center position of the electric heater group 150 is the highest temperature in the processing chamber 120, and according to the principle of the temperature gradient, the material continuously descends. Downward from the electric heater group 150, the temperature is gradually lowered.
  • the material processing chamber 120 of the present invention is designed to have a substantially tapered cross-sectional tube shape and is relatively long so that the process of passing the material through the processing chamber 120 sufficiently lyses the material. During the cracking of the material, the gas generated as the material descends naturally gathers toward the highest temperature point and the geometrical highest point of the electric heater center, so the air inlet 161 of the exhaust pipe 160 is disposed therein.
  • the gas calorific value is increased to about 3500 kcal/m 3 , the methane content is up to 27%, and the output oil is mostly light.
  • the cloth assembly is eliminated, and the electric heater group 150 is vertically uniformly distributed through the upper part of the gas outlet which is naturally formed by the flow characteristics of the solid organic material combined with the structure of the device.
  • the material space that is, the cracking and polymerization section in the furnace, makes the cracking and polymerization of gas and light tar molecules more effective.
  • the device increases the calorific value of the gas to above 4800 kcal/m 3 , the methane content reaches over 40%, and the produced oil is all light tar.
  • the material handling device comprises a storage barrel, a sealing flapper valve and a level gauge downstream of the dial discharge valve, the storage cylinder being in the shape of a cylinder having a rectangular cross section. a downstream of the dial discharge valve for accommodating material discharged from the dial discharge valve, and a sealing flap valve disposed at a lower end of the storage cylinder to close or open a lower end opening of the storage cylinder Wherein the sealing flapper valve is opened or closed according to the material level information provided by the level gauge provided on the wall of the storage drum.
  • the material in the absence of the storage cylinder and the sealing flapper valve, after a certain period of operation, the material will adhere to the dial of the dial discharge valve, so that the dial discharge valve cannot be Normal work, even unable to discharge, so always clear the dial discharge valve to reduce production efficiency.
  • the material In the case of the storage cylinder and the sealing flapper valve, the material is no longer bonded to the dial discharge valve, and the dial discharge valve can work continuously. This greatly increases production efficiency.
  • the sealing flapper valve is normally closed. After the material level reaches the predetermined position, the level gauge will send a signal to control the sealing flapper valve to open for a predetermined time, and then continue to close, so that the material processing device according to the present invention Smoother operation.
  • a material handling apparatus group 100' according to another aspect of the present invention is a material processing apparatus group 100' formed by combining a plurality of material processing apparatuses 100 according to the first embodiment, and therefore, in the following description, The portions of the above-described first embodiment that are repeated will be appropriately omitted from illustration and description.
  • Figure 6 is a side elevational view showing a material handling device set 100' in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a material processing apparatus group 100' includes a main body 110 that is divided into a plurality of equidistant units along its length direction, and each unit corresponding to the main body 110 further includes a processing chamber 120, At least two feed hoppers 130, a dial discharge valve 140, an electric heater group 150, an exhaust pipe 160, a storage cylinder 170, a seal flapper valve 180, and a level gauge 190.
  • the body 110 includes a rectangular bottom plate 111, four walls extending vertically upward from four sides of the bottom plate 111, and a top plate 116 parallel to the bottom plate 111 and connecting the four walls.
  • the processing chamber 120 includes an upper portion 121 and a lower portion 122 in a tapered quadrangular shape from top to bottom.
  • the upper portion 121 is sleeved in each unit of the body 110, and the lower portion 122 is downward from the bottom plate 111 of the body 110. Extendingly, the joint surface of the upper section portion 121 and the lower section portion 122 passes through an opening in the bottom plate 111 of the body 110.
  • Each of the at least two feed hoppers 130 presents a funnel shape, respectively disposed on two sides above the top plate 116 of the body 110, and the lower ends of the at least two feed hoppers 130 pass through the openings in the top plate 116 of the body 110 and the processing chamber 120 Connected.
  • a dial discharge valve 140 is coupled to the lower end of the lower section 122 of the process chamber 120.
  • the electric heater group 150 is disposed in the process chamber 120 and is uniformly disposed to hang downward from the top plate 116 centering on the geometric center of the top plate 116 of the body 110.
  • the exhaust pipe 160 is horizontally disposed below the top plate 116 of the main body 110, wherein the air inlets 161 of the exhaust pipe 160 are disposed on both sides of the electric heater group 150 to efficiently extract the gas generated in the process chamber 120 to outside.
  • the material handling device set 100' can also include a layer of thermally insulating material disposed about the body 110 and around each of the lower section portions 122 of each of the processing chambers 120.
  • Each of the exhaust pipes 160 may be connected to the exhaust manifold through a service valve.
  • the service valve can be, for example, a gate valve, a globe valve, a ball valve, or the like.
  • the material handling apparatus 100 in the material handling apparatus group 100' is in service, it can be cut off from the other material handling apparatus by closing the service valve.
  • the cartridge 170 may be in the form of a cylinder having a rectangular cross section disposed downstream of the dial discharge valve 140 for containing material discharged from the dial discharge valve 140.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the cartridge 170 corresponds to the shape of the outlet of the dial discharge valve 140 to facilitate connection to each other by, for example, a flange, but the present invention is not limited thereto, but for example, the two may be directly joined by welding.
  • a seal flapper valve 180 may be disposed at a lower end of the cartridge 170 to close or open a lower end opening of the cartridge 170, wherein the seal flapper valve 180 is provided according to a level provided by a level gauge 190 disposed on a wall of the cartridge 170 The information is turned on or off.
  • the level gauge 190 can be any level gauge that senses the level position and issues a corresponding signal, such as a light sensor, a piezoelectric level gauge, and the like.
  • the signal sensed by the level gauge 190 can be sent to a controller, such as a control computer, processor or control chip, to control the opening or closing of the sealing flapper valve 180.
  • the sealing flapper valve 180 may include a valve body 181 coupled to the cartridge 170 and a card 182 movable in translation relative to the valve body 181, and including a plug-in plate 182 for pushing and pulling thereon.
  • Executive agency 183 implements opening or closing of the flapper valve 180 based on the level information provided by the level gauge 190.
  • the actuator 183 can be any actuator that can slide the translational movement of the card 182 along the valve body 181.
  • the actuator 183 may include, for example, a hydraulic servo, a pneumatic servo, a reciprocating fork, or the like.
  • the number of cells of the body 110 is selected according to the amount of material processing required.
  • each of the dial discharge valves 140 is controlled by the electric motor according to the temperature inside the main body 110 and the holding time of the predetermined temperature.
  • the second embodiment can achieve the same advantageous effects as the first embodiment. Further, in the second embodiment, the material processing apparatuses of the first embodiment are reasonably combined. For example, in a group of material handling devices formed by combining four material handling devices, the end wall panels of the four bodies are reduced, and the insulation area is correspondingly reduced. More importantly, because several material handling devices are brought together, the footprint of the device is reduced. This is even more important for large material handling plants.
  • the solid material produced by the above material handling device or material handling device group may become a new industrial raw material or agricultural production data.
  • the treated organic material becomes a smokeless fuel and becomes a clean and harmless fuel
  • the straw is A coke solid material that is ashed or easily degradable and can be recycled for agricultural or other purposes.
  • the gas produced is also a mixed gas, and its components include a mixture of various components such as methane, hydrogen, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and trace amounts of nitrogen and oxygen, which require further processing for industrial use or civil use.
  • the present invention provides a material handling system.
  • the device set shown in Fig. 6 is a plurality of devices shown in Fig. 2 juxtaposed together, so that the first unit is represented by the graph of Fig. 2, and several blocks U2 to U7 represent the devices for the sake of simplicity.
  • Figure 7 is a block diagram showing a material handling system including a material handling device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the material processing system 1000 comprises: the material processing apparatus 100 as above; the dry distillation gas washing apparatus 200, which purifies the gas from the exhaust pipe 160 of the material processing apparatus 100;
  • the heat exchanger 300 performs heat exchange cooling and further purification treatment on the gas from the dry distillation gas washing apparatus.
  • the dry distillation gas washing apparatus 200 and the self-cleaning heat exchanger 300 in the material processing system according to the present invention are not limited thereto, and any other dry distillation gas washing apparatus and heat exchange apparatus may be employed.
  • Figure 8 is a block diagram showing a material handling system including a material handling device set in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a material processing system 2000 includes: a material processing apparatus group 100' as above; a dry distillation gas washing apparatus 200 that purifies gas from an exhaust pipe 160 of the material processing apparatus group 100'; The self-cleaning heat exchanger 300 performs heat exchange cooling and further purification treatment on the gas from the dry distillation gas washing apparatus.
  • the dry distillation gas washing apparatus 200 and the self-cleaning heat exchanger 300 in the material processing system according to the present invention are not limited thereto, and any other dry distillation gas washing apparatus and heat exchange apparatus may be employed.
  • Figure 9 is a flow chart showing a method of treating organic materials for treating organic materials using the material processing apparatus of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a processing method for processing an organic material by using a material processing apparatus.
  • the material processing apparatus includes: a main body 110 including a rectangular bottom plate 111, four walls extending vertically from four sides of the bottom plate 111, And a top plate 116 parallel to the bottom plate 111 and connected to the four walls, the processing chamber 120 includes an upper portion 121 and a lower portion 122, and has a tapered quadrangular shape from top to bottom.
  • the upper portion 121 is sleeved in the main body 110, and the lower portion
  • the portion 122 extends downward from the bottom plate 111 of the main body 110, and the joint surface of the upper portion 121 and the lower portion 122 passes through an opening in the bottom plate 111 of the main body 110, at least two feed hoppers 130, each of which presents a funnel shape, respectively
  • the lower ends of the at least two feed hoppers 130 communicate with the process chamber 120 through openings in the top plate 116 of the body 110, and the dial discharge valve 140 is coupled to the lower portion of the process chamber 120.
  • the lower end of the portion 122, the heater group, is disposed in the processing chamber 120, and is uniformly disposed to hang downward from the top plate 116 centering on the geometric center of the top plate 116 of the main body 110, and the exhaust pipe 160 is horizontally disposed.
  • the air inlets 161 of the exhaust pipe 160 are disposed on both sides of the heater group to effectively guide the gas generated in the process chamber 120 to the outside, and the storage cylinder 170 has a rectangular shape.
  • the lower end of the storage cylinder 170 is open, wherein the sealing flapper valve 180 is opened or closed according to the material level information provided by the level gauge 190 provided on the wall of the storage cylinder 170;
  • the processing method includes: S1 passing the organic material through the feeding hopper 130 is loaded into the material processing device until the organic material is no longer descending; S2 operates the heater by turning on the power; S3 opens the dial after the temperature in the processing chamber 120 reaches a predetermined temperature and after a predetermined time The valve 140 is opened and the sealing flapper valve is opened to enter a continuous working state.
  • the predetermined temperature may include 400 degrees Celsius to 600 degrees Celsius, wherein the predetermined temperature is relatively low for the case of partial extraction of tar, and the predetermined temperature is relatively high for the case of partial extraction of gas.
  • the predetermined temperature is measured by a thermocouple and the temperature signal is transmitted to the temperature controller for automatic control.
  • the rotational speed of the dial discharge valve 140 can be controlled in accordance with the yield of light oil and gas in the exhaust pipe 160.
  • the sealing flapper valve 180 is opened or closed according to the level information provided by the level gauge 190.
  • the material handling apparatus group of the second to fifth embodiments, the material processing system including the material processing apparatus and the material processing apparatus group, and the organic material processing method using the same for processing the organic material can also achieve the same advantageous effects as the first embodiment.
  • organic materials such as garbage, coal (oil shale, coal gangue, coal washing residue), biomass solid waste, canola, etc. can be utilized to the greatest extent without pollution, to the maximum The organic material is fully utilized to the extent.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及物料处理装置、物料处理装置组、物料处理系统和有机物料处理方法。物料处理装置包括主体、处理室、至少两个进料斗、拨轮排料阀、电加热器组、排气管、储料筒、密封插板阀和料位计，其中排气管的进气口设置在电加热器组的两侧，以将处理室内产生的气体有效地引出到外面，密封插板阀根据储料筒壁上设置的料位计提供的料位信息打开或关闭。本申请所涉及的装置和系统主要用于处理有机物料(含生活垃圾和工、农业生产排放的有机固废物料、医疗垃圾等，从而提取焦油和可燃气体且产出无烟燃料(含有固定碳、灰分、少量挥发份和水分)等可再利用或无害化的固体。

Description

物料处理装置、其组和系统及有机物料处理方法
本申请要求于2017年5月16日递交的中国专利申请No.201710343735.8的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本发明涉及物料处理装置、物料处理装置组、包括该物料处理装置或物料处理装置组的物料处理系统、以及有机物料处理方法，特别是，处理有机物料使其干馏裂解气化从而产生去污染再生物料且提取可燃气体和焦油的物料处理装置、物料处理装置组、包括该物料处理装置或物料处理装置组的物料处理系统、以及有机物料处理方法。
背景技术
近年来，人们一直努力对生活垃圾和工农业生产排放的物料等进行无害化处理和/或经处理后再利用，以便净化环境，实现节能减排，变废为宝。
本发明申请的发明人多年来一直致力于这样的物料处理研究工作和对物料处理装置的设计工作。近年来获得的与本案相关的专利以及提交的在审查中的专利申请引用列表如下：
1、中国专利号：ZL201210537632.2
2、中国专利申请公开号：CN103881737A
3、中国专利申请号：2015100808075
上述专利和专利申请通过全文引用结合于此。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种结构简单，便于安装、维护和修理，以及高效节能的物料处理装置、物料处理装置组、包括该物料处理装置或物料处理装置组的物料处理系统、以及有机物料处理方法。
为了解决上述技术问题，根据本发明的一个方面，所提供的物料装置包括：主体，包括矩形的底板、从所述底板的四侧向上垂直延伸的四壁、以及平行于所述底板且连接所述四壁的顶板；处理室，包括上段部分和下段部分，从上至下呈渐缩的四棱台形状，所述上段部分套接在所述主体中，所述下段部分从所述主体的所述底板向下延伸，所述上段部分与所述下段部分的接合面穿过所述主体的所述底板中的开口；至少两个进料斗，其每一个呈现漏斗形状，分别设置在所述主体的所述顶板之上的两侧，所述至少两个进料斗的下端通过所述主体的所述顶板中的开口与所述处理室连通；拨轮排料阀，连接到所述处理室的所述下段部分的下端；电加热器组，设置在所述处理室内，以所述主体的所述顶板的几何中心为中心均匀地设置为从所述顶板向下悬垂；排气管，水平地设置在所述主体的所述顶板之下，其中所述排气管的进气口设置在所述电加热器组的两侧，以将处理室内产生的气体有效地引出到外面；储料筒，为具有矩形横截面的筒状，设置在所述拨轮排料阀的下游，用于容纳从所述拨轮排料阀排放的物料；以及密封插板阀，设置在所述储料筒的下端以关闭或打开所述储料筒的下端开口，其中所述密封插板阀根据所述储料筒壁上设置的料位计提供的料位信息打开或关闭。
根据本发明的实施例，所述电加热器组可包括多个加热棒，所述多个加热棒分成两组，每一组以矩形矩阵形式布设，所述两组矩阵之间夹设所述排气管。
根据本发明的实施例，所述加热棒的每一个包括横截面为圆柱形状的陶瓷骨架、沿着所述骨架的轴向设置在所述骨架内的线管中而形成回路的加热电阻丝、以及围绕所述陶瓷骨架设置的耐高温护板。
根据本发明的实施例，所述加热棒包括在所述陶瓷骨架内圆周上的6个加热电阻丝，并且每两个加热电阻丝串联电连接到三相电源的一相上，而使三相电负荷一致。
根据本发明的实施例，所述电加热器组包括多个加热板，所述多个加热板分成两组，每一组以矩形矩阵形式布设，所述两组矩阵之间夹设所述排气管。
根据本发明的实施例，所述加热板的每一个包括陶瓷板骨架、沿着所述 陶瓷板骨架的一个方向设置在所述骨架内的线管中而形成回路的加热电阻丝、以及敷设在所述陶瓷骨架外侧的耐高温护板，所述加热板弯曲成梳齿形状。
根据本发明的实施例，所述加热板的每一个包括多个形成回路的电阻丝，并且每两个加热电阻丝串联电连接到三相电源的一相上，而使三相电负荷一致。
根据本发明的实施例，所述电加热器组的高度等于所述处理室的所述上段部分高度的三分之一至四分之三。
根据本发明的实施例，所述排气管可包括横截面为圆环或正方形环的管子。
根据本发明的实施例，所述处理室的侧壁与所述主体的侧壁之间填充有热绝缘材料。
根据本发明的实施例，所述处理室的所述下段部分的外周围包括热绝缘材料层。
根据本发明的实施例，所述处理室的所述上段部分的所述四棱台形状包括至少一个四棱台和至少一个四棱柱的组合。
根据本发明的实施例，所述至少两个进料斗包括进口端为一体的关于所述主体的顶板对称设置的两个连体进料斗。
根据本发明的实施例，所述两个连体进料斗的每一个的下端包括横截面为正方形的出料口。
根据本发明的实施例，所述两个连体进料斗的每一个的下端包括横截面为细长矩形的出料口。
根据本发明的实施例，所述至少两个进料斗包括进口端为一体的四个连体进料斗，并且所述四个连体进料斗的每一个的下端包括横截面为正方形的出料口，该出料口关于所述主体的顶板对称设置。
根据本发明的实施例，所述拨轮排料阀包括阀体和可旋转地安装在所述阀体内的阀芯，所述阀芯包括中空体的本体部分和设置在所述本体部分周围的拨料板，通过所述阀芯相对于所述阀体的旋转运动而排放物料。
根据本发明的实施例，所述阀体包括中空夹层的壁板，所述中空夹层的 壁板的两端分别连接进水管和出水管，并且所述阀芯的本体部分的两端分别连接进水管和出水管，通过对所述阀芯和阀体的冷却水循环而实现所述拨轮排料阀的冷却以及热量回收。
根据本发明的实施例，通过链条传动经由减速器与调速电动机或变频电动机连接。
根据本发明的实施例，所述密封插板阀包括与所述储料筒连接的阀体以及相对于所述阀体可平移运动的插板，并且包括与所述插板连接以对其推拉的执行机构，所述执行机构根据所述料位计提供的料位信息而实施所述插板阀的打开或关闭。优选地，所述执行机构包括液压接力器。
根据本发明的另一个方面，所提供的物料处理装置组包括：主体，包括矩形的底板、从所述底板的四侧向上垂直延伸的四壁、以及平行于所述底板且连接所述四壁的顶板，所述主体沿着其长度方向分成多个等距离的单元；对应于所述主体的每一个单元还包括：处理室，包括上段部分和下段部分，从上至下呈渐缩的四棱台形状，所述上段部分套接在所述主体的每一个单元中，所述下段部分从所述主体的所述底板向下延伸，所述上段部分与所述下段部分的接合面穿过所述主体的所述底板中的开口；至少两个进料斗，其每一个呈现漏斗形状，分别设置在所述主体的所述顶板之上的两侧，所述至少两个进料斗的下端通过所述主体的所述顶板中的开口与所述处理室连通；拨轮排料阀，连接到所述处理室的所述下段部分的下端；电加热器组，设置在所述处理室内，以所述主体的所述顶板的几何中心为中心均匀地设置为从所述顶板向下悬垂；排气管，水平地设置在所述主体的所述顶板之下，其中所述排气管的进气口设置在所述电加热器组的两侧，以将处理室内产生的气体有效地引出到外面；储料筒，为具有矩形横截面的筒状，设置在所述拨轮排料阀的下游，用于容纳从所述拨轮排料阀排放的物料；以及密封插板阀，设置在所述储料筒的下端以关闭或打开所述储料筒的下端开口，其中所述密封插板阀根据所述储料筒壁上设置的料位计提供的料位信息打开或关闭。
根据本发明的实施例，所述物料处理装置组还包括设置在所述主体周围以及每个处理室的每个下段部分周围的热绝缘材料层。
根据本发明的实施例，所述排气管的每一个通过检修阀连接到排气总管。
根据本发明的实施例，所述主体的单元数根据所需的物料处理量选择。
根据本发明的实施例，所述拨轮排料阀的每一个的运行根据所述主体内的温度以及预定温度的保持时间通过电动机进行控制。
根据本发明的再一个方面，所提供的物料处理系统包括：如上所述的物料处理装置；干馏气洗涤设备，将来自所述物料处理装置的排气管的气体进行净化处理；以及自洁换热器，对来自所述干馏气洗涤设备的气体进行热交换降温及进一步净化处理。
根据本发明的再一个方面，所提供的物料处理系统包括：如上所述的物料处理装置组；干馏气洗涤设备，将来自所述物料处理装置组的排气管的气体进行净化处理；以及自洁换热器，对来自所述干馏气洗涤设备的气体进行热交换降温及进一步净化处理。
根据本发明又一个方面，提供一种利用物料处理装置处理有机物料的处理方法，所述物料处理装置包括：主体，包括矩形的底板、从所述底板的四侧向上垂直延伸的四壁、以及平行于所述底板且连接所述四壁的顶板，处理室，包括上段部分和下段部分，从上至下呈渐缩的四棱台形状，所述上段部分套接在所述主体中，所述下段部分从所述主体的所述底板向下延伸，所述上段部分与所述下段部分的接合面穿过所述主体的所述底板中的开口，至少两个进料斗，其每一个呈现漏斗形状，分别设置在所述主体的所述顶板之上的两侧，所述至少两个进料斗的下端通过所述主体的所述顶板中的开口与所述处理室连通，拨轮排料阀，连接到所述处理室的所述下段部分的下端，加热器组，设置在所述处理室内，以所述主体的所述顶板的几何中心为中心均匀地设置为从所述顶板向下悬垂，排气管，水平地设置在所述主体的所述顶板之下，其中所述排气管的进气口设置在所述电加热器组的两侧，以将处理室内产生的气体有效地引出到外面，储料筒，为具有矩形横截面的筒状，设置在所述拨轮排料阀的下游，用于容纳从所述拨轮排料阀排放的物料，以及密封插板阀，设置在所述储料筒的下端以关闭或打开所述储料筒的下端开口，其中所述密封插板阀根据所述储料筒壁上设置的料位计提供的料位信息打开或关闭；所述处理方法包括：将有机物料通过进料斗装入到物料处理装置中，至有机物料不再下行为止；通过导通电源使电加热器组工作；在处理室内的 温度达到预定的温度后至预定的时间后，打开拨轮排料阀且导通密封插板阀，进入连续工作状态。
根据本发明的实施例，所述预定的温度包括400摄氏度至600摄氏度。
根据本发明的实施例，对于偏重提取焦油的情况，所述预定的温度相对偏低；而对于偏重提取煤气的情况，所述预定的温度相对偏高。
根据本发明的实施例，所述预定的温度通过热电偶测量，并且传输温度信号到温度控制仪而实现自动控制。
根据本发明的实施例，所述拨轮排料阀的旋转速度根据排气管中轻质油和煤气的产出率进行控制。
根据本发明的实施例，其中所述密封插板阀根据所述料位计提供的料位信息打开或关闭。
根据本发明的物料处理装置，采用电加热器组，其设置在处理室内并且以主体的顶板的几何中心为中心均匀地设置为从顶板向下悬垂，排气管的进气口设置在所述电加热器组的两侧，以将处理室内产生的气体有效地引出到外面，因此实现了如下的有益效果。
因为采用密闭处理室和电加热器组加热，所以与通过空气进入量调节燃烧进而控制处理室温度的传统技术相比，解决了传统技术中引入空气助燃而同时带来处理室降温以及影响产出气体质量的问题。同时，处理室的温度控制简单易行、精确度高、温度均匀性好。另外，以处理有机物料为例，所产出的煤气热值高，产油量高而且全部为轻质焦油。
另外，因为电加热器组中心位置与处理室顶部的几何中心重合，所以电加热器组的中心位置是处理室内的温度最高点，并且按照温度梯度原理，不断下行的物料随着下行远离电加热器组而逐步降温。本发明的物料处理室设计为大致的逐渐缩小横截面的管道形状且相对很长，因此物料通过处理室的过程可充分使物料裂解。在物料的裂解过程中，随着物料的下行所产生的煤气自然向温度最高点和几何最高点的电加热器中心聚集，因此排气管的进气口设置在此处。
因为电加热器组垂悬均布在处理室顶部，所以气体分子的裂解、聚合更加有效。以处理褐煤沫煤为例，现有技术的物料处理装置的产出气体热值在 3500kcal/m 3左右，甲烷含量为27％左右；根据本发明的物料处理装置在同等条件下的产出气体热值达到4800kcal/m 3以上，甲烷含量提升到40％以上。
更为重要的是，根据本发明的物料处理装置在拨轮排料阀的下游包括储料筒、密封插板阀以及料位计，储料筒为具有矩形横截面的筒状，设置在所述拨轮排料阀的下游，用于容纳从所述拨轮排料阀排放的物料，密封插板阀设置在所述储料筒的下端以关闭或打开所述储料筒的下端开口，其中所述密封插板阀根据所述储料筒壁上设置的料位计提供的料位信息打开或关闭。根据发明人的实验结果，在没有储料筒和密封插板阀的情况下，经过一定时间的运行后，物料会粘结在拨轮排料阀的拨轮上，致使拨轮排料阀无法正常工作，甚至无法排料，因此要经常清理拨轮排料阀而降低生产效率。在设置储料筒和密封插板阀的情况下，物料不再粘结到拨轮排料阀上，拨轮排料阀可连续工作。这大大提高了生产效率。密封插板阀是常关状态，在物料的料位达到预定的位置后，料位计将发出信号，控制密封插板阀打开预定的时间，然后继续关闭，从而使根据本发明的物料处理装置更加平稳运行。
同样，根据本发明的物料处理装置组、包括物料处理装置和物料处理装置组的物料处理系统以及采用其处理有机物料的有机物料处理方法也实现如上的有益效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1是示出根据本发明一个实施例的物料处理装置的主视图；
图2是示出根据本发明一个实施例的物料处理装置的侧视图；
图3是示出根据本发明一个实施例的电热棒的截面图；
图4A、4B是示出根据本发明一个实施例的电热板的截面图；
图5A、5B是示出根据本发明一个实施例的拨轮排料阀的示意图，其中图5A是拨轮排料阀的截面图，而图5B是拨轮排料阀的俯视图；
图6是示出根据本发明一个实施例的物料处理装置组的侧视图；
图7是示出根据本发明一个实施例的包括物料处理装置的物料处理系统的模块图；
图8是示出根据本发明一个实施例的包括物料处理装置组的物料处理系统的模块图；以及
图9是示出采用本发明的物料处理装置处理有机物料的有机物料处理方法的流程图。
应注意，附图不必按比例绘制，其中相同的附图标记通篇表示相同或类似的元件。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另作定义，此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本申请所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本专利申请说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“一个”或者“一”等类似词语也不表示数量限制，而是表示存在至少一个。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也相应地改变。附图中各层膜层的厚度和形状不反映真实比例，目的只是示意说明本申请内容。
下面，参考附图描述本发明的实施例。描述以下面的顺序进行。
1、第一实施例(物料处理装置的结构)
2、第二实施例(物料处理装置组的结构)
3、第三实施例(包括物料处理装置的物料处理系统)
4、第四实施例(包括物料处理装置组的物料处理系统)
5、第五实施例(有机物料处理的方法)
根据本发明实施例的物料处理系统可用于处理生活垃圾和工农业生产排放物，例如，纸屑、植物秸秆、树枝树叶、酒渣和酒糟、医疗垃圾、煤沫和/或油页岩沫等有机物料。为了便于说明，下面以处理有机物料为例进行描述。对于处理其它物料，本领域的技术人员可在具体实施中根据具体的物料通过适当调整诸如温度和时间的工艺参数而实现。
第一实施例(物料处理装置的结构)
图1是示出根据本发明一个实施例的物料处理装置的主视图；图2是示出根据本发明一个实施例的物料处理装置的侧视图；图3是示出根据本发明一个实施例的电热棒的截面图；图4A和4B是示出根据本发明一个实施例的电热板的截面图。
首先，参见图1和图2，根据本发明实施例的物料装置100可包括主体110、处理室120、至少两个进料斗130、拨轮排料阀140、电加热器组150、排气管160、储料筒170、密封插板阀180和料位计190。
主体110可包括例如矩形的底板111、从底板111的四侧向上垂直延伸的四壁112、113、114和115、以及平行于底板111且连接四壁112、113、114和115的顶板116。然而，本发明不限于此，而是主体100例如可为圆柱形状、正方形横截面的四棱柱形状或者本领域技术人员已知的任何其它适当的形状。为了实现如下所述的物料处理装置组的目的，优选采用上述长方体的主体110。
处理室120例如可包括上段部分121和下段部分122，从上至下呈渐缩的四棱台形状，上段部分121套接在主体110中，下段部分122从主体110的底板111向下延伸，上段部分121与下段部分122的接合面穿过主体110的底板111中的开口。
在另一个实施例中，处理室120的上段部分121与下段部分122可全部套接在主体110中，而不脱离本发明的范围。然而，为了减小主体110的高度且保证处理室120足够高度的目的，优选采用上段部分121与下段部分122 两部分的技术方案，本领域的技术人员可根据处理物料的类型确定处理室120的高度，并且决定处理室120的部分或全部套接在主体110中，而不脱离本发明的范围。
为了使处理室120与外界处于热绝缘状态，处理室120的侧壁与主体110的侧壁之间填充有热绝缘材料。作为选择，也可在主体110的外周围设置热绝缘材料。
另外，为了同样的目的，处理室120的下段部分122的外周围包括热绝缘材料层。
再者，处理室120的上段部分121的四棱台形状可包括至少一个四棱台和至少一个四棱柱的组合。具体而言，处理室120的上段部分121从上至下可包括一段四棱台和一段四棱柱，然后与下段部分122光滑连接；当然，也可包括一段四棱柱和一段四棱台，然后与下段部分122光滑连接。本领域的技术人员可根据处理室120的每个截面上的面积以及电加热器组占据的面积之差作为物料通过面积，考虑物料的下行速度的平稳性而进行选择。
至少两个进料斗130的每一个呈现漏斗形状，可分别设置在主体110的顶板116之上的两侧，至少两个进料斗130的下端通过主体110的顶板116中的开口与处理室120连通。然而，本发明不限于此，而是可采用给料泵或本领域技术人员惯常使用的给料手段进行给料，只要保证均匀、连续给料。另外，现有技术的进料斗与处理室之间设有阀门，从而调节料斗的给料量，但是根据本发明实施例的物料处理装置100可省略这样的阀门，其给料量由拨轮排料阀140控制。这样，处理室120内的物料处于连续下行状态，而不是间断的下行状态，从而保证了物料处理的一致性。
另外，至少两个进料斗130可包括进口端为一体的关于主体110的顶板116对称设置的两个连体进料斗130。
在两个连体进料斗130的情况下，优选地，其每一个的下端可包括横截面为正方形的出料口，或者两个连体进料斗130的每一个的下端可包括横截面为细长矩形的出料口。选择正方形或细长矩形的出料口仅为结构设计的紧凑性考虑，本领域的技术人员根据具体的装置结构布置可选用圆形截面或任何其它已知截面形状的出料口。
再者，优选地，至少两个进料斗130可包括进口端为一体的四个连体进料斗130，并且四个连体进料斗130的每一个的下端可包括横截面为正方形的出料口，该出料口关于主体110的顶板116对称设置。
拨轮排料阀140连接到处理室120的下段部分122的下端。显然，处理室120的下段部分122的下端的开口与拨轮排料阀140的上端开口对应，具有相同的大小和形状，以便于二者通过法兰盘对(未示出)彼此对接。拨轮排料阀140是为本发明的物料处理装置专门设计的装置，将在本文的后面部分进一步详细描述。
电加热器组150设置在处理室120内，以主体110的顶板116的几何中心为中心均匀地设置为从顶板116向下悬垂。电加热器组150的外侧与处理室120的内壁之间形成物料通道，物料从至少两个进料斗130进入处理室120，即经受电加热器组150的直接加热，热传递方式包括热传导和热辐射，当然也包括处理室120内气体流动中的热对流。换言之，物料刚进入处理室120就由电加热器组150促使其进行裂解，并且在物料下行期间直至到拨轮排料阀被排出到外面之前有充分的裂解、聚合等工艺时间。
排气管160水平地设置在主体110的顶板116之下，其中排气管160的进气口161设置在电加热器组150的两侧，以将处理室120内产生的气体有效地引出到外面。
根据本发明的实施例，排气管160可包括横截面为圆环的管子。在另一个实施例中，排气管160可包括横截面为正方形环的管子。然而，本发明不限于此，而是排气管160可采用横截面为矩形或本领域技术人员已知的任何形状的管子，还可采用取气口为矩形且逐步过渡到圆形的管路，本领域的技术人员可根据实际的设计需要酌情选择。
根据本发明的实施例，储料筒170可为具有矩形横截面的筒状，设置在拨轮排料阀140的下游，用于容纳从所述拨轮排料阀140排放的物料。储料筒170的横截面形状与拨轮排料阀140的出口形状对应以方便通过例如法兰彼此连接，但本发明不限于此，而是例如二者可通过焊接直接连接。
根据本发明的实施例，密封插板阀180可设置在储料筒170的下端以关闭或打开储料筒170的下端开口，其中密封插板阀180根据储料筒170的壁 上设置的料位计190提供的料位信息打开或关闭。
料位计190可为能感应到料位位置且发出相应信号的任何料位计，例如，光感传感器，压电式料位计等。料位计190感应的信号可发送至控制器，例如，控制计算机、处理器或控制芯片，以控制打开或关闭密封插板阀180。
根据本发明的实施例，密封插板阀180可包括与储料筒170连接的阀体181以及相对于阀体181可平移运动的插板182，并且包括与插板182连接以对其推拉的执行机构183。执行机构183根据料位计190提供的料位信息而实施插板阀180的打开或关闭。执行机构183可为能使插板182沿着阀体181的滑到平移运动的任何执行机构。例如，执行机构183例如可包括液压接力器、气动接力器、往复拨叉等。
尽管传统技术的物料处理装置也多采用排气管设置在处理室顶部的技术方案，但是给出的教导都是将热源设置在处理室的底部或侧面。本发明的原理与现有技术相比截然不同，因为电加热器组150中心位置与处理室120顶部的几何中心重合，所以电加热器组150的中心位置是处理室内的温度最高点，并且按照温度梯度原理，不断下行的物料随着下行远离电加热器组而逐步降温。本发明的物料处理室120设计为大致的逐渐缩小横截面的管道形状且相对很长，因此物料通过处理室的过程可充分使物料裂解。在物料的裂解的过程中，随着物料的下行所产生的煤气自然向温度最高点和几何最高点的电加热器中心聚集，因此排气管的进气口设置在此处。电加热器组150设置在物料进口附近，处理室120具有足够的长度，并且排气管160的取气口161的设置位置与电加热器组150的中心一致，从而大大提高了物料处理效率和气体取出效率。
根据本发明的一个实施例，电加热器组150例如可包括多个加热棒151，多个加热棒151例如可分成两组，每一组以矩形矩阵形式布设，两组矩阵之间夹设排气管160。
如图3所示，所述多个加热棒151的每一个例如可包括横截面为圆柱形状的陶瓷骨架151a、沿着骨架151a的轴向设置在骨架151a内的线管中而形成回路的加热电阻丝151b、以及围绕陶瓷骨架151a设置的耐高温护板151c。然而，本发明不限于此，例如，陶瓷骨架151a的截面形状可为矩形或本领域 技术人员已知的任何其它形状，并且电阻丝151b如何穿线也可根据实际需要确定，而不脱离本发明的范围。
例如，加热棒151包括在陶瓷骨架151a内圆周上的6个加热电阻丝151b，并且每两个加热电阻丝151b串联电连接到三相电源的一相上，而使三相电负荷一致。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，电加热器组150例如可包括多个加热板151，多个加热板151分成两组，每一组以矩形矩阵形式布设，两组矩阵之间夹设排气管160。
如图4A和4B所示，加热板151的每一个包括陶瓷板骨架151a、沿着陶瓷板骨架151a的一个方向设置在骨架151a内的线管中而形成回路的加热电阻丝151b、以及敷设在陶瓷骨架151a外侧的耐高温护板151c，加热板151弯曲成梳齿形状。
例如，加热板151包括多个形成回路的电阻丝151b，并且每两个加热电阻丝151b串联电连接到三相电源的一相上，而使三相电负荷一致。
根据本发明的实施例，电加热器的高度等于处理室120上段部分122高度的约三分之一至约四分之三，优选为等于处理室120上段部分122高度的约三分之二。
图5A和5B是示出根据本发明一个实施例的拨轮排料阀的示意图，其中图5A是拨轮排料阀的截面图，而图5B是拨轮排料阀的俯视图。
如图5A和图5B所示，根据本发明实施例的拨轮排料阀140包括阀体141和阀芯142。
阀体141包括左端板141a、右端板141b、前壁板141c和后壁板141d以围成六面体箱体形状，其上部开口作为物料进口，其下部开口作为物料出口。
阀芯142具有柱体形状的本体142a，包括均布在本体142a周围纵向设置的多个拨料板142b以及在两个端面向外延伸的同心转轴143，可旋转地安装在阀体141内，两个转轴143分别穿过阀体141的左端板141a和右端板141b中开设的开口且通过固定到左端板141a和右端板141b上的轴承(未示出)与左端板141a和右端板141b可旋转地连接。
另外，从动轮144键接在两个转轴143之一上以接受来自主动轮(未示出)的驱动力。阀芯142是中空体，两个转轴143是空心的，以使空心的转轴143与中空体的阀芯142流体相通地连接，从转轴143的一个进入阀芯142的水与经过的物料通过阀芯壁进行热交换，并且通过转轴143的另一个输送到外面而得到再利用。
再者，拨轮排料阀140还可包括可旋转密封连接的进水管接头145和可旋转密封连接的出水管接头146，流体相通地连接到两个空心转轴143。
此外，尽管拨料板142b可为简单的金属板，但是根据本发明的实施例，拨料板142b可优选包括从阀芯142的本体142a径向向外突出的横截面为三角形的空心体，也可优选包括从阀芯142的本体142a径向向外突出的横截面为梯形的空心体，还可优选包括从阀芯142的本体142a径向向外突出的横截面为抛物线形的空心体，进一步可优选包括从阀芯142的本体142a径向向外突出的横截面为半椭圆形的空心体。通过使拨料板设计为空心的，使其与阀芯142的本体142a的空心体相通，从而扩大了阀芯内空心体的体积，从而提高了阀芯142内的冷却水与物料的热交换效率。
图5A示出了阀芯142包括8个三角形截面的拨料板142b，但本发明不限于此，而是优选可包括5至10个拨料板142b，更优选包括8个拨料板142b。拨料板142b的数量可根据物料的密度确定，密度越大，拨料板142b的数量越多，反之亦然。
为了进一步改善对拨轮排料阀140的冷却，阀体141的前壁板141c可包括空心夹层，前壁板141c的外壁上侧设有冷却水进口，并且前壁板141c的外壁下侧设有冷却水出口。同样，阀体141的后壁板141d可包括空心夹层，后壁板141d的外壁上侧设有冷却水进口，并且后壁板141d的外壁下侧设有冷却水出口。这样，实现了对拨轮排料阀140的阀体141的冷却。
阀芯142和阀体141的冷却水二者都可通过回收而得到再利用。
如图5A所示，前壁板141c和后壁板141d的内壁与拨料板142b旋转配合的部分可包括向外凸起的圆弧段。这样，可减少或避免物料通过相邻拨料板142b之间转动间隙而泄漏。
阀体141和阀芯142可由金属材料制造，优选由不锈钢制造，以便适应 导热、耐热和耐腐蚀。
从动轮144例如可包括皮带轮或链轮，皮带轮通过三角带与由电动机驱动的减速箱的主动轮连接。链轮通过链条与由电动机驱动的减速箱的主动轮连接。然而，本发明不限于此，而是可采用齿轮与减速箱的齿轮啮合。驱动拨轮排料阀140的电动机可包括调速电动机或变频电动机。这样，拨轮排料阀140的排料速度调节可根据来自中控室的指令通过改变电动机的转速而实现。
根据本发明的物料处理装置，采用电加热器组150，其设置在处理室120内并且以主体110的顶板116的几何中心为中心均匀地设置为从顶板116向下悬垂，排气管160的进气口161设置在电加热器组150的两侧，以将处理室120内产生的气体有效地引出到外面，因此实现了如下的有益效果。
因为采用密闭处理室120和电加热器组150加热，所以与通过空气进入量调节燃烧进而控制处理室120温度的传统技术相比(以沫煤为例，该技术气体热值约为1500kcal/m 3左右，产出油品主要为重质焦油，该方式可参考本公司专利ZL201210537632.2)，解决了传统技术中引入空气助燃而同时带来处理室120降温以及影响产出气体质量的问题。同时，处理室120的温度控制简单易行、精确度高、温度均匀性好。另外，以处理沫煤为例，所产出的煤气热值高，产油量高。
另外，因为电加热器组150中心位置与处理室120顶部的几何中心重合，所以电加热器组150的中心位置是处理室120内的温度最高点，并且按照温度梯度原理，不断下行的物料随着下行远离电加热器组150而逐步降温。本发明的物料处理室120设计为大致的逐渐缩小横截面的管道形状且相对很长，因此物料通过处理室120的过程可充分使物料裂解。在物料的裂解的过程中，随着物料的下行所产生的煤气自然向温度最高点和几何最高点的电加热器中心聚集，因此排气管160的进气口161设置在此处。
与我公司的在先专利申请公开号：CN103881737A(该技术同样为炉内采用电加热棒的形式，但为炉内下部各加热隔离干馏室内水平或垂直放置，在炉内上部设有布料装置，同时该布料装置还兼有煤气集气伞的作用，出气口设在布料装置的下部空间内，因炉内上下两端各设有出料阀和进料阀，所 以炉内物料处理过程为隔绝空气状态，与将空气引入炉内而调节温度的方式相比，以沫煤为例，其气体热值提高到了3500kcal/m 3左右，甲烷含量达到了27％，产出油品大部分为轻质焦油，少部分为重质焦油)相比，取消了布料装置，将电加热器组150垂直均布穿过因固体有机物料的流动特点结合本装置结构而自然形成的出气口附近的上部无料空间，也就是炉内裂解和聚合段，使得气体、轻质焦油分子的裂解和聚合更加有效。以沫煤为例，该装置使气体热值提高到了4800kcal/m 3以上，甲烷含量达到了40％以上，且产出油品全部为轻质焦油。
更为重要的是，根据本发明的物料处理装置在拨轮排料阀的下游包括储料筒、密封插板阀以及料位计，储料筒为具有矩形横截面的筒状，设置在所述拨轮排料阀的下游，用于容纳从所述拨轮排料阀排放的物料，密封插板阀设置在所述储料筒的下端以关闭或打开所述储料筒的下端开口，其中所述密封插板阀根据所述储料筒壁上设置的料位计提供的料位信息打开或关闭。根据发明人的实验结果，在没有储料筒和密封插板阀的情况下，经过一定时间的运行后，物料会粘结在拨轮排料阀的拨轮上，致使拨轮排料阀无法正常工作，甚至无法排料，因此要经常清理拨轮排料阀而降低生产效率。在设置储料筒和密封插板阀的情况下，物料不再粘结到拨轮排料阀上，拨轮排料阀可连续工作。这大大提高了生产效率。密封插板阀是常关状态，在物料的料位达到预定的位置后，料位计将发出信号，控制密封插板阀打开预定的时间，然后继续关闭，从而使根据本发明的物料处理装置更加平稳运行。
在大量处理物料的情况下，可采用多个上述物料处理装置并列使用，但是，会造成占地面积较大的问题。为此，下面描述一种物料处理装置组来解决这样的问题。
第二实施例(物料处理装置组的结构)
根据本发明的另一个方面的物料处理装置组100’是将多个根据第一实施例的物料处理装置100组合在一起而形成的物料处理装置组100’，因此，在下面的描述中，与上述第一实施例重复的部分将适当省略图示和描述。
图6是示出根据本发明一个实施例的物料处理装置组100’的侧视图。
如图6所示，根据本发明实施例的物料处理装置组100’包括沿着其长 度方向分成多个等距离的单元的主体110，并且对应于主体110的每一个单元还包括处理室120、至少两个进料斗130、拨轮排料阀140、电加热器组150、排气管160、储料筒170、密封插板阀180和料位计190。
主体110包括矩形的底板111、从底板111的四侧向上垂直延伸的四壁、以及平行于底板111且连接四壁的顶板116。
处理室120包括上段部分121和下段部分122，从上至下呈渐缩的四棱台形状，上段部分121套接在主体110的每一个单元中，下段部分122从主体110的底板111向下延伸，上段部分121与下段部分122的接合面穿过主体110的底板111中的开口。
至少两个进料斗130的每一个呈现漏斗形状，分别设置在主体110的顶板116之上的两侧，至少两个进料斗130的下端通过主体110的顶板116中的开口与处理室120连通。
拨轮排料阀140连接到处理室120的下段部分122的下端。
电加热器组150设置在处理室120内，以主体110的顶板116的几何中心为中心均匀地设置为从顶板116向下悬垂。
排气管160水平地设置在主体110的顶板116之下，其中排气管160的进气口161设置在电加热器组150的两侧，以将处理室120内产生的气体有效地引出到外面。
物料处理装置组100’还可包括设置在主体110周围以及每个处理室120的每个下段部分122周围的热绝缘材料层。
排气管160的每一个可通过检修阀连接到排气总管。检修阀例如可为闸阀、截止阀、球阀等。在物料处理装置组100’中的一个物料处理装置100检修时可通过关闭检修阀而与其它物料处理装置切断。
储料筒170可为具有矩形横截面的筒状，设置在拨轮排料阀140的下游，用于容纳从所述拨轮排料阀140排放的物料。储料筒170的横截面形状与拨轮排料阀140的出口形状对应以方便通过例如法兰彼此连接，但本发明不限于此，而是例如二者可通过焊接直接连接。
密封插板阀180可设置在储料筒170的下端以关闭或打开储料筒170的下端开口，其中密封插板阀180根据储料筒170的壁上设置的料位计190提 供的料位信息打开或关闭。
料位计190可为能感应到料位位置且发出相应信号的任何料位计，例如，光感传感器，压电式料位计等。料位计190感应的信号可发送至控制器，例如，控制计算机、处理器或控制芯片，以控制打开或关闭密封插板阀180。
根据本发明的实施例，密封插板阀180可包括与储料筒170连接的阀体181以及相对于阀体181可平移运动的插板182，并且包括与插板182连接以对其推拉的执行机构183。执行机构183根据料位计190提供的料位信息而实施插板阀180的打开或关闭。执行机构183可为能使插板182沿着阀体181的滑到平移运动的任何执行机构。例如，执行机构183例如可包括液压接力器、气动接力器、往复拨叉等。
根据本发明的实施例，主体110的单元数根据所需的物料处理量选择。
根据本发明的实施例，拨轮排料阀140的每一个的运行根据主体110内的温度以及预定温度的保持时间通过电动机进行控制。
上述第一实施例和第二实施例中的各特征在不冲突的情况下可结合使用。
第二实施例可实现如第一实施例相同的有益效果。另外，第二实施例中将第一实施例的物料处理装置合理地结合在一起。例如，在四个物料处理装置结合在一起而形成的物料处理装置组中，减少了四个主体的端面侧壁板，相应地减少了保温面积。更重要的是，因为几个物料处理装置集合在一起，所以减少了装置占地面积。这对于大型物料处理厂来说更加重要。
第三实施例(包括物料处理装置的物料处理系统)
上述物料处理装置或物料处理装置组所产出的固体物料部分可能变为新的工业原料或农业生产资料，例如，处理后的有机物料变为了无烟燃料，成为洁净、无害燃料；秸秆被灰化或易于降解的焦炭固体物料，可回收农用或其它用途。然而，所产出的气体部分还是混合气体，其成分包括甲烷、氢气、碳氢化合物、一氧化碳及微量氮、氧气等多种成分的混合，需要进一步处理才能进行工业使用或民用。为此，本发明提供一种物料处理系统。
图6所示的装置组是多个图2所示的装置并列在一起，因此第一单元由图2的图形表示，出于简化目的几个方框U2至U7分别代表该装置。
图7是示出根据本发明一个实施例的包括物料处理装置的物料处理系统的模块图。
如图7所示，根据本发明的物料处理系统1000包括：如上的物料处理装置100；干馏气洗涤设备200，将来自物料处理装置100的排气管160的气体进行净化处理；以及自洁换热器300，对来自干馏气洗涤设备的气体进行热交换降温及进一步净化处理。
为了简便起见，对物料处理装置100不再重复描述，并且将专利(专利号：ZL201210537632.2)和专利(专利申请公开号：CN103881737A)通过全文引用结合于此，而在此省略对干馏气洗涤设备200和自洁换热器300的描述。
根据本发明的物料处理系统中的干馏气洗涤设备200和自洁换热器300不限于此，而是可采用任何其它的干馏气洗涤设备和换热设备。
第四实施例(包括物料处理装置组的物料处理系统)
图8是示出根据本发明一个实施例的包括物料处理装置组的物料处理系统的模块图。
如图8所示，根据本发明物料处理系统2000包括：如上的物料处理装置组100’；干馏气洗涤设备200，将来自物料处理装置组100’的排气管160的气体进行净化处理；以及自洁换热器300，对来自干馏气洗涤设备的气体进行热交换降温及进一步净化处理。
为了简便起见，对物料处理装置组100’不再重复描述，并且将专利(专利号：ZL201210537632.2)和专利(专利申请公开号：CN103881737A)通过全文引用结合于此，而在此省略对干馏气洗涤设备200和自洁换热器300的描述。
根据本发明的物料处理系统中的干馏气洗涤设备200和自洁换热器300不限于此，而是可采用任何其它的干馏气洗涤设备和换热设备。
第五实施例(有机物料处理的方法)
图9是示出采用本发明的物料处理装置处理有机物料的有机物料处理方法的流程图。
如图9所示，本发明提供一种利用物料处理装置处理有机物料的处理方 法，该物料处理装置包括：主体110，包括矩形的底板111、从底板111的四侧向上垂直延伸的四壁、以及平行于底板111且连接四壁的顶板116，处理室120，包括上段部分121和下段部分122，从上至下呈渐缩的四棱台形状，上段部分121套接在主体110中，下段部分122从主体110的底板111向下延伸，上段部分121与下段部分122的接合面穿过主体110的底板111中的开口，至少两个进料斗130，其每一个呈现漏斗形状，分别设置在主体110的顶板116之上的两侧，至少两个进料斗130的下端通过主体110的顶板116中的开口与处理室120连通，拨轮排料阀140，连接到处理室120的下段部分122的下端，加热器组，设置在处理室120内，以主体110的顶板116的几何中心为中心均匀地设置为从顶板116向下悬垂，排气管160，水平地设置在主体110的顶板116之下，其中排气管160的进气口161设置在加热器组的两侧，以将处理室120内产生的气体有效地引出到外面，储料筒170，为具有矩形横截面的筒状，设置在拨轮排料阀140的下游，用于容纳从拨轮排料阀140排放的物料，以及密封插板阀180，设置在储料筒170的下端以关闭或打开储料筒170的下端开口，其中密封插板阀180根据储料筒170的壁上设置的料位计190提供的料位信息打开或关闭；该处理方法包括：S1将有机物料通过进料斗130装入到物料处理装置中，至有机物料不再下行为止；S2通过导通电源使加热器工作；S3在处理室120内的温度达到预定的温度后至预定的时间后，打开拨轮排料阀140且导通密封插板阀，进入连续工作状态。
上述预定的温度可包括400摄氏度至600摄氏度，其中对于偏重提取焦油的情况，预定的温度相对偏低；而对于偏重提取煤气的情况，预定的温度相对偏高。预定的温度通过热电偶测量，并且传输温度信号到温度控制仪而实现自动控制。
另外，拨轮排料阀140的旋转速度可根据排气管160中轻质油和煤气的产出率进行控制。
而且，密封插板阀180根据料位计190提供的料位信息打开或关闭。
第二至第五实施例的物料处理装置组、包括物料处理装置和物料处理装置组的物料处理系统以及采用其处理有机物料的有机物料处理方法也可实现 如上第一实施例相同的有益效果。
另外，通过采用本发明的物料处理系统处理后的产出的气体，可以将物料中的焦油、灰尘等杂质分离出来，并进行脱油、脱水、脱硫、脱萘，并得到洁净气体，最终可以得到洁净气体，可以达到工业及民用可燃气使用标准。在上述有机物料处理系统和方法中，可以最大程度无污染地利用现有例如垃圾、沫煤(含油页岩、煤矸石、洗煤渣)、生物质固废、浒苔等的有机物料，以最大程度地充分利用该有机物料。
以上实施方式仅用于说明本申请，而并非对本申请的限制，有关技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的情况下，还可以做出各种变化和变型，因此所有等同的技术方案也属于本申请的范畴，本申请的专利保护范围应由权利要求限定。

Claims (35)

  1. 一种物料处理装置，包括：
    主体，包括矩形的底板、从所述底板的四侧向上垂直延伸的四壁、以及平行于所述底板且连接所述四壁的顶板；
    处理室，包括上段部分和下段部分，从上至下呈渐缩的四棱台形状，所述上段部分套接在所述主体中，所述下段部分从所述主体的所述底板向下延伸，所述上段部分与所述下段部分的接合面穿过所述主体的所述底板中的开口；
    至少两个进料斗，其每一个呈现漏斗形状，分别设置在所述主体的所述顶板之上的两侧，所述至少两个进料斗的下端通过所述主体的所述顶板中的开口与所述处理室连通；
    拨轮排料阀，连接到所述处理室的所述下段部分的下端；
    电加热器组，设置在所述处理室内，以所述主体的所述顶板的几何中心为中心均匀地设置为从所述顶板向下悬垂；
    排气管，水平地设置在所述主体的所述顶板之下，其中所述排气管的进气口设置在所述电加热器组的两侧，以将处理室内产生的气体有效地引出到外面；
    储料筒，为具有矩形横截面的筒状，设置在所述拨轮排料阀的下游，用于容纳从所述拨轮排料阀排放的物料；以及
    密封插板阀，设置在所述储料筒的下端以关闭或打开所述储料筒的下端开口，
    其中所述密封插板阀根据所述储料筒壁上设置的料位计提供的料位信息打开或关闭。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的物料处理装置，其中所述电加热器组包括多个加热棒，所述多个加热棒分成两组，每一组以矩形矩阵形式布设，所述两组矩阵之间夹设所述排气管。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的物料处理装置，其中所述加热棒的每一个包括横截面为圆柱形状的陶瓷骨架、沿着所述骨架的轴向设置在所述骨架内的线管中而形成回路的加热电阻丝、以及围绕所述陶瓷骨架设置的耐高温护板。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的物料处理装置，其中所述加热棒包括在所述陶瓷骨架内圆周上的6个加热电阻丝，并且每两个加热电阻丝串联电连接到三相电源的一相上，而使三相电负荷一致。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的物料处理装置，其中所述电加热器组包括多个加热板，所述多个加热板分成两组，每一组以矩形矩阵形式布设，所述两组矩阵之间夹设所述排气管。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的物料处理装置，其中所述加热板的每一个包括陶瓷板骨架、沿着所述陶瓷板骨架的一个方向设置在所述骨架内的线管中而形成回路的加热电阻丝、以及敷设在所述陶瓷骨架外侧的耐高温护板，所述加热板弯曲成梳齿形状。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的物料处理装置，其中所述加热板的每一个包括多个形成回路的电阻丝，并且每两个加热电阻丝串联电连接到三相电源的一相上，而使三相电负荷一致。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的物料处理装置，其中所述电加热器组的高度等于所述处理室的所述上段部分高度的三分之一至四分之三。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的物料处理装置，其中所述排气管包括横截面为圆环的管子。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的物料处理装置，其中所述排气管包括横截面为正方形环的管子。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的物料处理装置，其中所述处理室的侧壁与所述主体的侧壁之间填充有热绝缘材料。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的物料处理装置，其中所述处理室的所述下段部分的外周围包括热绝缘材料层。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的物料处理装置，其中所述处理室的所述上段部分的所述四棱台形状包括至少一个四棱台和至少一个四棱柱的组合。
  14. 如权利要求1所述的物料处理装置，其中所述至少两个进料斗包括进口端为一体的关于所述主体的顶板对称设置的两个连体进料斗。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的物料处理装置，其中所述两个连体进料斗的每一个的下端包括横截面为正方形的出料口。
  16. 如权利要求14所述的物料处理装置，其中所述两个连体进料斗的每一个的下端包括横截面为细长矩形的出料口。
  17. 如权利要求1所述的物料处理装置，其中所述至少两个进料斗包括进口端为一体的四个连体进料斗，并且所述四个连体进料斗的每一个的下端包括横截面为正方形的出料口，该出料口关于所述主体的顶板对称设置。
  18. 如权利要求1所述的物料处理装置，其中所述拨轮排料阀包括阀体和可旋转地安装在所述阀体内的阀芯，所述阀芯包括中空体的本体部分和设置在所述本体部分周围的拨料板，通过所述阀芯相对于所述阀体的旋转运动而排放物料。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的物料处理装置，其中所述阀体包括中空夹层的壁板，所述中空夹层的壁板的两端分别连接进水管和出水管，并且所述阀芯的本体部分的两端分别连接进水管和出水管，通过对所述阀芯和阀体的冷却水循环而实现所述拨轮排料阀的冷却以及热量回收。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的物料处理装置，其中通过链条传动经由减速器与调速电动机或变频电动机连接。
  21. 如权利要求1所述的物料处理装置，其中所述密封插板阀包括与所述储料筒连接的阀体以及相对于所述阀体可平移运动的插板，并且包括与所述插板连接以对其推拉的执行机构，所述执行机构根据所述料位计提供的料位信息而实施所述插板阀的打开或关闭。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的物料处理装置，其中所述执行机构包括液压接力器。
  23. 一种物料处理装置组，包括：
    主体，包括矩形的底板、从所述底板的四侧向上垂直延伸的四壁、以及平行于所述底板且连接所述四壁的顶板，所述主体沿着其长度方向分成多个等距离的单元；
    对应于所述主体的每一个单元还包括：
    处理室，包括上段部分和下段部分，从上至下呈渐缩的四棱台形状，所述上段部分套接在所述主体的每一个单元中，所述下段部分从所述主体的所述底板向下延伸，所述上段部分与所述下段部分的接合面穿过所述主体的所 述底板中的开口；
    至少两个进料斗，其每一个呈现漏斗形状，分别设置在所述主体的所述顶板之上的两侧，所述至少两个进料斗的下端通过所述主体的所述顶板中的开口与所述处理室连通；
    拨轮排料阀，连接到所述处理室的所述下段部分的下端；
    电加热器组，设置在所述处理室内，以所述主体的所述顶板的几何中心为中心均匀地设置为从所述顶板向下悬垂；
    排气管，水平地设置在所述主体的所述顶板之下，其中所述排气管的进气口设置在所述电加热器组的两侧，以将处理室内产生的气体有效地引出到外面；
    储料筒，为具有矩形横截面的筒状，设置在所述拨轮排料阀的下游，用于容纳从所述拨轮排料阀排放的物料；以及
    密封插板阀，设置在所述储料筒的下端以关闭或打开所述储料筒的下端开口，
    其中所述密封插板阀根据所述储料筒壁上设置的料位计提供的料位信息打开或关闭。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的物料处理装置组，还包括设置在所述主体周围以及每个处理室的每个下段部分周围的热绝缘材料层。
  25. 如权利要求23所述的物料处理装置组，其中所述排气管的每一个通过检修阀连接到排气总管。
  26. 如权利要求23所述的物料处理装置组，其中所述主体的单元数根据所需的物料处理量选择。
  27. 如权利要求23所述的物料处理装置组，其中所述拨轮排料阀的每一个的运行根据所述主体内的温度以及预定温度的保持时间通过电动机进行控制。
  28. 一种物料处理系统，包括：
    如权利要求1至22任何一项所述的物料处理装置；
    干馏气洗涤设备，将来自所述物料处理装置的排气管的气体进行净化处理；以及
    自洁换热器，对来自所述干馏气洗涤设备的气体进行热交换降温及进一步净化处理。
  29. 一种物料处理系统，包括：
    如权利要求23至27任何一项所述的物料处理装置组；
    干馏气洗涤设备，将来自所述物料处理装置组的排气管的气体进行净化处理；以及
    自洁换热器，对来自所述干馏气洗涤设备的气体进行热交换降温及进一步净化处理。
  30. 一种利用物料处理装置处理有机物料的处理方法，所述物料处理装置包括：
    主体，包括矩形的底板、从所述底板的四侧向上垂直延伸的四壁、以及平行于所述底板且连接所述四壁的顶板，
    处理室，包括上段部分和下段部分，从上至下呈渐缩的四棱台形状，所述上段部分套接在所述主体中，所述下段部分从所述主体的所述底板向下延伸，所述上段部分与所述下段部分的接合面穿过所述主体的所述底板中的开口，
    至少两个进料斗，其每一个呈现漏斗形状，分别设置在所述主体的所述顶板之上的两侧，所述至少两个进料斗的下端通过所述主体的所述顶板中的开口与所述处理室连通，
    拨轮排料阀，连接到所述处理室的所述下段部分的下端，
    电加热器组，设置在所述处理室内，以所述主体的所述顶板的几何中心为中心均匀地设置为从所述顶板向下悬垂，
    排气管，水平地设置在所述主体的所述顶板之下，其中所述排气管的进气口设置在所述电加热器组的两侧，以将处理室内产生的气体有效地引出到外面，
    储料筒，为具有矩形横截面的筒状，设置在所述拨轮排料阀的下游，用于容纳从所述拨轮排料阀排放的物料，以及
    密封插板阀，设置在所述储料筒的下端以关闭或打开所述储料筒的下端开口，
    其中所述密封插板阀根据所述储料筒壁上设置的料位计提供的料位信息打开或关闭；
    所述处理方法包括：
    将有机物料通过进料斗装入到物料处理装置中，至物料不再下行为止；
    通过导通电源使电加热器组工作；
    在处理室内的温度达到预定的温度后至预定的时间后，打开拨轮排料阀且导通密封插板阀，进入连续工作状态。
  31. 如权利要求30所述的有机物料处理方法，其中所述预定的温度包括400摄氏度至600摄氏度。
  32. 如权利要求31所述的有机物料处理方法，其中，对于偏重提取焦油的情况，所述预定的温度相对偏低；而对于偏重提取煤气的情况，所述预定的温度相对偏高。
  33. 如权利要求31所述的有机物料处理方法，其中所述预定的温度通过热电偶测量，并且传输温度信号到温度控制仪而实现自动控制。
  34. 如权利要求31所述的有机物料处理方法，其中所述拨轮排料阀的旋转速度根据排气管中轻质油和煤气的产出率进行控制。
  35. 如权利要求31所述的有机物料处理方法，其中所述密封插板阀根据所述料位计提供的料位信息打开或关闭。
PCT/CN2018/086689 2017-05-16 2018-05-14 物料处理装置、其组和系统及有机物料处理方法 WO2018210204A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710343735.8A CN108865182A (zh) 2017-05-16 2017-05-16 物料处理装置、其组和系统及有机物料处理方法
CN201710343735.8 2017-05-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018210204A1 true WO2018210204A1 (zh) 2018-11-22

Family

ID=64274062

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2018/086689 WO2018210204A1 (zh) 2017-05-16 2018-05-14 物料处理装置、其组和系统及有机物料处理方法

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108865182A (zh)
WO (1) WO2018210204A1 (zh)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB197732A (en) * 1922-02-16 1923-05-16 Moore Samuel Improved method of and means for removing coke or ash from gas generators or the like, and for supporting the body of fuel therein
WO1990010683A1 (de) * 1989-03-16 1990-09-20 Still Otto Gmbh Verfahren zum austrag von trocken gekühltem koks aus einem kokskühlschacht und vorrichtung zur durchführung dieses verfahrens
JP2002302677A (ja) * 2001-02-05 2002-10-18 Nippon Steel Corp コークス乾式消火設備におけるコークス排出装置
CN102925169A (zh) * 2012-11-13 2013-02-13 中冶焦耐工程技术有限公司 一种半焦排焦工艺
CN102965129A (zh) * 2012-12-13 2013-03-13 山东汉菱电气有限公司 有机物料气化炉
CN103881738A (zh) * 2013-06-09 2014-06-25 山东汉菱电气有限公司 有机物料处理系统
CN204512463U (zh) * 2015-02-13 2015-07-29 山东汉菱电气有限公司 拨轮排料阀、物料处理装置、物料处理装置组及其系统
CN106015594A (zh) * 2015-02-13 2016-10-12 山东汉菱电气有限公司 物料处理装置
CN106398734A (zh) * 2016-12-12 2017-02-15 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 一种煤热解的进出料系统及方法
WO2017070467A1 (en) * 2015-10-22 2017-04-27 Enventix, Inc. Pyrolysis reactor

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1123106A (ja) * 1997-07-02 1999-01-26 Daiyu:Kk 流路切換機構を具えたアキュムレータ

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB197732A (en) * 1922-02-16 1923-05-16 Moore Samuel Improved method of and means for removing coke or ash from gas generators or the like, and for supporting the body of fuel therein
WO1990010683A1 (de) * 1989-03-16 1990-09-20 Still Otto Gmbh Verfahren zum austrag von trocken gekühltem koks aus einem kokskühlschacht und vorrichtung zur durchführung dieses verfahrens
JP2002302677A (ja) * 2001-02-05 2002-10-18 Nippon Steel Corp コークス乾式消火設備におけるコークス排出装置
CN102925169A (zh) * 2012-11-13 2013-02-13 中冶焦耐工程技术有限公司 一种半焦排焦工艺
CN102965129A (zh) * 2012-12-13 2013-03-13 山东汉菱电气有限公司 有机物料气化炉
CN103881738A (zh) * 2013-06-09 2014-06-25 山东汉菱电气有限公司 有机物料处理系统
CN204512463U (zh) * 2015-02-13 2015-07-29 山东汉菱电气有限公司 拨轮排料阀、物料处理装置、物料处理装置组及其系统
CN106015594A (zh) * 2015-02-13 2016-10-12 山东汉菱电气有限公司 物料处理装置
WO2017070467A1 (en) * 2015-10-22 2017-04-27 Enventix, Inc. Pyrolysis reactor
CN106398734A (zh) * 2016-12-12 2017-02-15 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 一种煤热解的进出料系统及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108865182A (zh) 2018-11-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN102154019B (zh) 螺旋推进式低温热解炭化炉
CN205472672U (zh) 一种粉末状石墨连续高温热处理生产线
CN108441241A (zh) 一种连续进出料的密封热解炉
CN104232121B (zh) 有机物料干馏裂解气化炉及有机物料处理方法
CN201990632U (zh) 螺旋推进式低温热解炭化炉
CN107022363A (zh) 一种连续式生物质热解气逆流回用炭气联产设备
CN104877691A (zh) 一种生物质滚筒式炭化炉
RU2441053C2 (ru) Пиролизная печь
CN203999502U (zh) 一种有机固体废弃物干化炭化一体系统
CN107267176A (zh) 一种高效生物质处理焦油多联产热解炉
WO2018210204A1 (zh) 物料处理装置、其组和系统及有机物料处理方法
CN111704922A (zh) 一种具有温差发电功能的绞龙推进的卧式生物质热解装置
CN105505412B (zh) 移动床热解反应器
CN204512463U (zh) 拨轮排料阀、物料处理装置、物料处理装置组及其系统
CN204039324U (zh) 热解炉
CN207738699U (zh) 一种用于长焰煤干馏的瓦斯全循环干馏系统
CN107355790B (zh) 多炉体生物质固体废物气化炉并联处理系统及方法
CN106015594B (zh) 物料处理装置
CN202116507U (zh) 一种双活性炭的生产系统
CN207498314U (zh) 热裂解余热污泥碳化并生产生物质能源颗粒的设备
CN204752613U (zh) 一种热解煤冷却出料装置
CN103788978B (zh) 内燃加热旋叶式生物质热解液化装置
CN208200835U (zh) 一种连续进出料的密封热解炉
CN109022001B (zh) 一种自重螺旋渐进式生物质高效节能热解炉装置
CN209098577U (zh) 一种基于砖窑的热裂解制油设备

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18802103

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18802103

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1