WO2018196918A1

WO2018196918A1 - Extracting and using polyphenols, in particular cichoric acids from plants of the posidonia species

Info

Publication number: WO2018196918A1
Application number: PCT/DE2018/100371
Authority: WO
Inventors: Matthias Spies; Roman Gehre
Original assignee: Matthias Spies; Roman Gehre
Priority date: 2017-04-24
Filing date: 2018-04-19
Publication date: 2018-11-01
Also published as: DE102017206827A1; DE112018002135A5

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the extraction of polyphenols, preferably cichoric acid from pressed plant juices of the posidonia species, and to different uses of said base materials in the food, food supplement, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries.

Description

Production and use of polyphenols, in particular cichoric acid, from plants of the genus Posidonia

The invention relates to a process for the recovery and use of polyphenols, in particular cichoric acid, from plants of the genus Posidonia _r example, the kind Po ^¬ sidonia oceanica.

Food additives on the basis of polyphenols, in particular cichoric acid prepared from plants of the Gat ^¬ tung Echinacea, health-promoting properties are attributed. See, for example, WO 2001/022977.

The invention has recognized that the proportion of Polypheno ^¬ len, in particular the amount of cichoric acid, in the foliage leaves of the species Posidonia, particularly of the type Posidonia oceanica to be much higher than in Besag ^¬ th conventionally used as a starting material of plant material of the genus Echinacea , Thus, the proportion of cichoric in the freshly harvested leaves of Posidonia oceanica is at least 5% much higher than those of Echinacea purpura with only about 1%. Similarly, the proportion of polyphenols in the freshly harvested leaves of Posidonia oceanica is at least 7.5% we ^¬ significantly higher than those of Echinacea purpura with only about 2%.

The invention has further recognized that, in contrast to costly and expensive commercial cultivation for obtaining Echinacea plant biomass as a starting point for the production of polyphenols, in particular cichoric acid, these raw materials alternatively from the bungled leaves of the genus Posidonia _r particular the type Posidonia oceanica _r can be obtained. These foliage Leaves are flushed with the seawater to the beach and are available there in sufficient quantities without cultivation and harvesting effort.

The invention has recognized is further comprised of internal preliminary to the present application by the inventors that, surprisingly, a conventional in the art shredding ^¬ tion of the starting biomass prior to extraction leads to a reduction in Cichoriensäureausbeute. This is ^therefore surprising since the person skilled in the art actually assumes a contrary view, according to which a higher extraction yield is associated with increasing comminution and the associated digestion of the biomass. The OF INVENTION ^¬ the have shown that the oxidation of the polyphenols, in particular the cichoric acid is favored at the comminution of the plant material with concomitant increase of the exposed to the air oxygen total surface area and thereby reduce the yield of cichoric acid ent ^¬ speaking. For this reason, it is in accordance vorlie ^¬ gender invention particularly preferably, the Posidonia leaves ^¬ leaves to undergo in the inventive process just not usual in the prior art mechanical crushing and instead to present Posidonia plant starting material without a corresponding Zerklei ^¬ nerungsschritt resorting before pressing ,

Since the accumulation of landed Posidonia leafy leaves for the balance of the ecosystem, inter alia, as part of the coastal protection in which the beach from erosion by the fibrous leaves of Posidonia is at least partially protected, are of considerable value, the invention has further recognized that the erfindungsge ^¬ Mäss processed leaves the Posidonia _r particular the Posidonia oceanica _r after the recovery of press juice can continue to fulfill their coastal protection function. In simple words: The leaves of the Posidonia obtained from the beach or from beaches close to the beach are merely "borrowed" for the processing according to the invention and are structurally virtually unchanged after the pressing. neut for coastal protection or for further processing, for example as an insulating material (see, for example, EP 1 944 423 Bl) available. The invention has recognized that in particular in the prevention of a mechanical comminution of the initial biomass, as is customary in conventional processes for Ge ^¬ winnung of ingredients from plants, and by dispensing with additives and fluids from ^¬ acquisition of fresh water, in particular by not übli ^¬ cherweise organic Lö ^¬ solvents used in the prior art, the pressing residue (ie, the pressed leaves ^¬ leaves the Posidonia) allows an ecologically safe return ^¬ guide to the beach for the purpose of coast protection or further processing to corresponding pollution-free or low-emission intermediate or final products.

Based on the aforementioned advantages, the invention is based on the objects to provide a process for the production of polyphenols, in particular cichoric acid, in which

Polyphenols, especially in high cichoric From ^¬ yield can be obtained from plant material,

this plant material originates from existing raw material sources, in particular plant material rejected by the plants themselves, without the need for cultivation or destruction or damage of the plants in the course of harvesting this plant material,

which during the extraction of the polyphenols, insbesonde ^¬ re cichoric remaining pomace plant material (pressing residue plant material) in the original ecosystem circuit, for example as part of the coasts ^¬ protection without environmental interference Retired ^¬ leads or in the production of pollution-free and Low-pollutant intermediate and end products can be used.

The solution to these problems arises from the claims. According to the invention, these objects are achieved in that the polyphenols, in particular the cichoric acid from Pflan ^¬ zen the genus Posidonia in a method having the disadvantages the following successive steps are taken: (a) provision of Posidonia's disposal

and / or harvested foliage leaves having a moisture content of at least 70%;

b) cleaning the leaves with fresh water;

c) optionally treating the leaves with water vapor, preferably mi water vapor in excess pressure, for En zyminaktivierung;

d) mechanical pressing of the leaves with a pressure bi 250 bar, preferably with a pressure of 180-220 bar for obtaining a press juice;

e) optionally at least one-off

Washing the leaves pressed in step d) and repeating step d);

f) optionally dehydration of the resulting compressed juice; g) Purification of the press juice with separation of phenols, preferably with separation of cichoric acid.

The invention is based on the surprising and randomly gained knowledge that the genus Posidonia, and in particular the species Posidonia oceanica and Posidoni australis are suitable for solving the abovementioned objects of the invention.

First, some terms used in the context of the invention are explained and reference is made to advantageous embodiments of the invention.

"Polyphenols" in the context of the present invention are natural aromatic compounds having at least two groups bonded to an aromatic ring hydroxyl groups and are derived from plants, including water plants Gattun Posidonia. Among the polyphenols including the cichoric acid, also Dicaffeoylweinsäure or Weinsäu ^¬ redikaffeoylester called. The claimed recovery process is based on a me ^¬ chanical pressing the Posidonia leaves. For the purpose of achieving the abovementioned objects, it has been found in the context of the invention that this is the best option for obtaining polyphenols, in particular cichoric acid, in particular with regard to the economic, sustainability and environmental aspects. Thus, maceration already eludes due to the use of solvents, usually organic solvents. The same applies to the uneconomical steam distillation and Soxhlet extraction. Ultrasonic extraction or ultrasound assisted extraction, often referred to as a "green" alternative due to the reduction in solvent requirements compared to conventional extraction methods, is disadvantageously associated with comminution of the plant material during treatment and requires significant overhead in the subsequent separation of the extract in its liquid and solid components. the same is true (high Voltage Electrical Discharges) Extraktionsmetho ^¬ de for HVED. the SCF (Super Critical fluid) extraction is already proving due to the concomitant use of an organic solvent, such as ethanol, to be unsuitable. the PL ( Pressurized liquid) extraction with elevated tempera tures ^¬ associated, so that it is unsuitable for temperature sensitive Phe ^¬ nole as cichoric acid. the same applies to the microwave-assisted (MA) extraction. An enzyme-assisted (EA) extraction, in which The plant cells are destroyed enzyme-based, goes along with high economic effort and a necessary and long preparation for each individual application.

The mechanical pressure according to the invention can be carried out at mild temperatures and batchwise or continuously, for example using a screw press. Are preferred, the erfindungsge ^¬ Mäss process at a temperature below 55 ° C, preferably at a temperature of 15 ° C - 35 ° C, more vorzugswei- se 20 ° C-25 ° C performed. The Posidonia leaves used in inventive procedural ^¬ ren typically have a moisture content of at least 70% and is particularly positive in a range of 80-90%, which is überaschender-, in experiments on the production of the press juice by way of direct pressing impact compared to samples with a lower moisture content to which moisture was previously extracted by air drying and freeze-drying. The pressing process leads in a first step to a disruption of the cells and escape of the air from the hollows, before in a second step, a compression takes place under release of the press juice which leads to ei ^¬ nem pressure drop and reduction of the pore volume in the pressed plant material before subsequently ^¬ ßend adjust a constant pressing pressure in the last step after delivery of the press juice and pomace plant material (also known as "presscake") is ver ^¬ remains. the core feature of this direct pressing in the sense of the present invention is in particular that no organic ^¬ rule solvents are needed, so The press juice obtained by the direct pressing is then subsequently purified according to the invention by separating off the desired phenols, in particular the cichoric acid, and may optionally be dehydrated beforehand The separation and purification steps following the pressing are familiar to the person skilled in the art and include, for example, sedimentation, filtration and centrifugation.

The invention has further recognized that in a mechanical pressing of the Posidonia leaves according to the inventive method at a pressure of 180-250 bar particularly much press juice can win. In preliminary experiments, comparative tests were carried out to manual pressure and found that with a correspondingly high pressure applying hydraulic press compared to the manual pressing a yield improvement to 464%, ie a multiple compared to the hand pressing, is achieved.

Since Posidonia is a saltwater plant, so that their ab ^¬ stoßen or harvested leaves are inevitably loaded with salt and when shooting from the beach usually with sand and smaller stones. These deposits can preferably be removed before the mechanical pressing in the process according to the invention with a freshwater purification of the leaves, which can be followed, if necessary, by treatment of the leaves with water vapor for enzyme inactivation in the foliage leaves. This enzyme inactivation with water vapor preferably takes place with overpressure, ie at correspondingly mild temperatures, in order to avoid degradation of the temperature-sensitive phenols and in particular of the cichoric acid. Through this treatment, the Posidonia leaves remain largely green, while a brown color of the leaves are an indicator of the onset of enzymatic degradation of the polyphenols to be recovered and in particular the cichoric acid.

It is particularly advantageous also when each oxidation of phenols, and in particular of cichoric acid is avoided in the OF INVENTION ^¬ to the invention method. This is achieved in the context of the present invention in which the method step d), preferably steps b) to e), further preferably, the steps b) to f), in the absence of air, further preferably by displacement of oxygen-containing air Fumigation with an inert gas and / or CO ₂ , are performed.

The compressed juice obtained in the process according to the invention and the polyphenols, in particular the cichoric acid, can be used analogously to the extracts conventionally obtained from Echinacea plants. This includes in particular the use of a base or additive in a Kosme ^¬ tikprodukt or in a cosmetic method, preferably in a natural cosmetic product or in a naturkos ^¬ metic method a. Also comes the use as Food or dietary supplements or as a base or additive in a food or food supplement ^¬ medium into consideration. Also included are the use as a medicament, preferably selected for use in a säu ^¬ animals (for example, in a human or livestock) in enhancing the immune system activity, for pain reduction, as anti-reduction agents, including cardiovascular inflammation, pain relief agents, antidepressants or for treating a disease of the group consisting of a bacterial infection, viral disease, including HIV, diabetes, Alzheimer's, cancer, skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis.

An embodiment of the invention and its results with reference to data of a publication of the prior art are described below.

example

Taken from the beach-water green Posidonia oceanica leaves were rinsed with fresh water and subjected to no further treatment, weighed into a filter cloth and transferred to the baling chamber, a pressure is applied on a press die and the exiting through the outlet press juice exhaustive, that is, until the pressing juice stream versieg ^¬ te , collected. The pulp residue was once heaped with sweet ^¬ water and again pressed as "Nachspülfraktion" off was used for pressing a hydraulic devices ^¬ cal, driven by a motor Tinkturpresse (HAPA Press System, Model HPMA 2.5. S: press basket-filling volume 2.51, pressing force max 62 kN, surface pressure max 47 bar, high pressure 200 bar, pressure control and regulation manometer and automatic pressure control) The cichoric acid content in the press juice was then determined. The Cichoriensäuregehalt was quantitated by chroma ^¬ tographischer analysis. The cichoric acid standard was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Handels GmbH (product number C7243-10MG). Using standard was created a Stan ^¬ dardverdünnungsreihe and recorded a series of chromatograms on HPLC. By measuring the peak areas in the Standardchromatogrammen and its known concentration was able to provide a calibration curve it ^¬ be with the concentration of the cichoric acid in the extract c _E (mg / 1) of the samples is determined c. The cichoric acid content per 100 g can then be determined via the masses of the extracts m _E (g), their density p _E (g / dm ³ ) and the moisture content TS (%) of the samples and their amounts used m _{Pos ic} i _on (g) Dry matter used Posidonia leaves are calculated according to the following equation: esc x mg. x 100 _mq

CiGrsoriensä rstjeiialt - - =

pS. ^X iapcsidoisia x TS x 100 lOctTSSG

For the sake of completeness, the technical data of the chromatographic analysis are briefly summarized in tabular form below:

HPLC system Perkin Elmer 200 Series

Detector UV / VIS LC200D diode array

Wavelength 330 nm

Software TotalChrom Version 6.3.2 Perkin Elmer 2008

Flow rate 1 ml / min

Eluent A 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water

Mobile phase B 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile: water (9: 1)

Gradient 80% A + 20% B to 20% A + 80% B Temperature 30 ° C

Injection 20/100 μΐ

volume

Guard Column AJO-4286 Secure Guard Cartriges C18 4x2, 00mm

Column BDS Hypersil C18 Dim. 250x4, 6mm Particle Gr. (at 5'o clock

The table below gives the measured yields of cichoric acid in the presence of polsidonia in comparison to the values described in the prior art for Echinacea according to Qu, Luping et al.

(2005) "Patterns of Variation in Alkamides and Cichoric Acid in Roots and Aboveground Parts of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench", Hort Science 40 (5), pp. 1239-1242.

* TSSG dry matter content is determined by drying at 105 ° C to constant weight. The batch under investigation had a dry matter content of 21%.

The posidonia cichoric acid content determined in the present study is at the level of the highest Ec nacea values.

Claims

claims

Process for obtaining polyphenols, preferably cichoric acid, from Posidonia _r comprising the combination of the following successive process ^steps :

(a) provision of Posidonia peeled and / or harvested leaves having a moisture content of not less than 70%;

b) cleaning the leaves with fresh water;

c) optionally treating the leaves with water vapor, preferably with steam in excess pressure, for enzyme inactivation;

d) mechanical pressing of the leaves with a pressure up to 250 bar, preferably with a pressure of 180-220 bar for obtaining a press juice;

e) optionally washing at least once the leaves pressed in step d) and repeating step d);

f) if appropriate, dewatering of the obtained Presssaf ^¬ tes;

g) purification of the press juice with separation of phenols, preferably with deposition of cichoric acid.

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that Posidonia is selected from the group of species Posidonia oceanica be ^¬ standing out and Posidonia australis.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leaves before and / or after the pressing no mechanical crushing process, in particular no mechanical mechanical crushing process have been subjected. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that step d), preferably steps b) to e), further preferably steps b) to f),

the absence of air, more preferably under Verdrän ^¬ supply oxygen-containing air by gassing with an inert gas and / or CO _2, are performed.

Method according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that are used in the manufacturing method with the exception of fresh water without any additives and liquids, in particular no organic solvent ^¬ medium, including alcohols.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method at a temperature below 55 ° C, preferably at a temperature ^¬ ture of 15 ° C - 35 ° C, more preferably 20 ° C-25 ° C is performed.

use of

- Press juice obtained in a method according to any one of the preceding claims, or

Polyphenols, preferably cichoric acid, obtained from a pressed juice in a process according to one of the preceding claims,

as a base or additive in a cosmetic product or in a cosmetic process, preferably in a natural cosmetic product or in a naturkosmeti ^¬ rule method.

8. Use of - Press juice obtained in a method according to any one of the preceding claims 1-6, or

Polyphenols, preferably cichoric acid, obtained from a pressed juice in a process according to one of the preceding claims 1-6,

as food or food supplements or as a primer or additive in a food or Close ^¬ approximately supplements.

Press juice obtained in a process according to any one of the preceding claims 1-6 or polyphenols, preferably ^¬ as cichoric acid, obtained from a pressed juice in a method according to any one of the preceding claims 1-6 for use as a medicament,

preferably for use in a mammal in enhancing the immune system activity, pain Minde ^¬ tion, as an inflammation reducing means including cardiovascular inflammation, pain relief agents, antidepressants or for treating a disease from ^¬ selected from the group consisting of

- a bacterial infection,

- viral disease, including HIV,

- diabetes,

- Alzheimer's,

- Cancer,

- Skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis.

Posidonia press juice or Posidonia polyphenols, before ^¬ Posidonia preferably cichoric acid, for use as a medicament or preferred medical use according to claim 9, characterized in that the säu ^¬ is a human animals or farm animals.