WO2018196884A1 - 波浪发电单元、波浪发电装置及波浪发电机组 - Google Patents

波浪发电单元、波浪发电装置及波浪发电机组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018196884A1
WO2018196884A1 PCT/CN2018/092508 CN2018092508W WO2018196884A1 WO 2018196884 A1 WO2018196884 A1 WO 2018196884A1 CN 2018092508 W CN2018092508 W CN 2018092508W WO 2018196884 A1 WO2018196884 A1 WO 2018196884A1
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Prior art keywords
power generating
wave power
wave
generator
floating body
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PCT/CN2018/092508
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李广明
李一帆
李玉玺
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李广明
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Application filed by 李广明 filed Critical 李广明
Publication of WO2018196884A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018196884A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wave power unit, a wave power unit and a wave generator set.
  • wave energy is also a non-polluting, renewable, large-capacity and widely distributed energy source. If new technologies are used to utilize the wave energy in the ocean, it can effectively curb the deteriorating energy problem. Therefore, the development of wave power generation technology can alleviate the current severe energy dilemma, but the wave power generation device needs to directly put the equipment for collecting wave energy into the sea, and use the waves to act on the equipment for collecting wave energy to promote the operation of the power generation mechanism. Wave power generation equipment generally has a large investment, and the energy conversion rate is very low, which is not conducive to large-scale promotion and application.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a wave power generating device which is highly efficient in energy conversion and which is advantageous for popularization and application. Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a wave power generating unit in the above wave power generating device and a wave power generating unit using the power generating unit.
  • the wave power generating unit of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a wave power unit comprising a floating body capable of oscillating with waves under the push of waves, the floating body being provided with at least one power generating mechanism, the power generating mechanism comprising a swinging rod mounted on the floating body relative to each other
  • the lower end of the swinging rod is fixed with a weight
  • the upper end of the swinging rod is hingedly connected with a transmission member
  • the power generating mechanism further comprises a generator and a swinging member hingedly connected to the floating body, the transmission member and the transmission member
  • the swinging member is guided to move and cooperate to swing the floating body relative to the swinging rod to convert the swing of the swinging rod into a linear motion of the transmission member relative to the swinging member, and drive the generator to generate electricity.
  • Solution 2 on the basis of the solution 1: the power generation mechanism is provided with two and opposite arrangements.
  • the floating body on the basis of the solution 1 or 2, the floating body is mounted with a closed casing, and the power generating mechanism is installed in the closed casing.
  • the floating body has a closed inner cavity, and the power generating mechanism is installed in the inner cavity of the floating body.
  • the shape of the floating body is a crescent shape.
  • the oscillating member is a hollow structure, and the transmission member is movably mounted in the inner cavity of the oscillating member to form a piston mechanism, and the piston mechanism is connected with a hydraulic motor through a pipeline or a pneumatic motor, the generator is a rotary generator connected to a hydraulic motor or a pneumatic motor, and the piston mechanism can drive a hydraulic motor or a pneumatic motor to rotate and drive rotary power generation under the oscillating motion of the floating body relative to the swing rod.
  • the generator is a linear generator or a piezoelectric generator
  • the transmission member directly drives the linear generator or the piezoelectric generator when moving linearly with the swinging member Power generation.
  • the swinging member is a hollow structure, and the transmission member is guided to be moved and mounted in the inner cavity of the swinging member.
  • the generator is a rotary generator, and the rotary generator is drivingly connected to the transmission member through a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism can linearly move the transmission member relative to the swinging member. It is converted into a rotary motion of a rotary generator to drive a rotary generator to generate electricity.
  • the transmission mechanism can include a speed increasing gear set from the transmission member to the rotary generator.
  • the solution 10 is based on the solution 9.
  • the transmission mechanism includes an overrunning clutch and a transmission bar connected to the overrunning clutch.
  • the overrunning clutch can drive the input shaft of the rotary generator to rotate.
  • the transmission bar is a rack
  • the overrunning clutch is drivingly connected to the transmission bar through a gear provided on the overrunning clutch.
  • the solution 12 is based on the scheme 10: a flywheel is connected to the input shaft of the rotary generator.
  • the floating body is provided with a support rail corresponding to the swinging trajectory of the weight to provide support during the weight swing.
  • the weight is slidably engaged with the support rail during the swinging process, or the weight or the rail is provided with a rolling body for reducing friction at a position where the two are relatively matched, and the support rail supports the weight by the rolling body.
  • the support rail and the weight are blocked in the extending direction of the rotation axis.
  • the weight is spherical and the support surface of the support rail is an annular curved surface that fits the lower side of the spherical weight.
  • Embodiment 1 A wave power generating device comprising a frame fixed relative to the land, the frame body being hingedly mounted with at least one wave power generating unit, wherein the wave power generating unit comprises a floating body capable of swinging with waves under the push of waves,
  • the floating body is provided with at least one power generating mechanism, and the power generating mechanism includes a swinging rod fixedly mounted on the floating body, the lower end of the swinging rod is fixed with a weight, and the upper end of the swinging rod is hingedly connected with a transmission member
  • the power generating mechanism further includes a generator and a swinging member hingedly coupled to the floating body, the transmitting member and the swinging member are guided to move and cooperate to enable the swinging rod to swing when the floating body is swung relative to the swinging rod The swing of the swing rod is converted into a linear motion of the transmission member relative to the swing member, and drives the generator to generate electricity.
  • Solution 2 on the basis of the solution 1: the power generation mechanism is provided with two and opposite arrangements.
  • the floating body on the basis of the solution 1 or 2, the floating body is mounted with a closed casing, and the power generating mechanism is installed in the closed casing.
  • the floating body has a closed inner cavity, and the power generating mechanism is installed in the inner cavity of the floating body.
  • the shape of the floating body is a crescent shape.
  • the oscillating member is a hollow structure, and the transmission member is movably mounted in the inner cavity of the oscillating member to form a piston mechanism, and the piston mechanism is connected with a hydraulic motor through a pipeline or a pneumatic motor, the generator is a rotary generator connected to a hydraulic motor or a pneumatic motor, and the piston mechanism can drive a hydraulic motor or a pneumatic motor to rotate and drive rotary power generation under the oscillating motion of the floating body relative to the swing rod.
  • the generator is a linear generator or a piezoelectric generator
  • the transmission member directly drives the linear generator or the piezoelectric generator when moving linearly with the swinging member Power generation.
  • the swinging member is a hollow structure, and the transmission member is guided to be moved and mounted in the inner cavity of the swinging member.
  • the generator is a rotary generator, and the rotary generator is drivingly connected to the transmission member through a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism can linearly move the transmission member relative to the swinging member. It is converted into a rotary motion of a rotary generator to drive a rotary generator to generate electricity.
  • the transmission mechanism can include a speed increasing gear set from the transmission member to the rotary generator.
  • the solution 10 is based on the solution 9.
  • the transmission mechanism includes an overrunning clutch and a transmission bar connected to the overrunning clutch.
  • the overrunning clutch can drive the input shaft of the rotary generator to rotate.
  • the transmission bar is a rack
  • the overrunning clutch is drivingly connected to the transmission bar by a gear disposed on the clutch.
  • the solution 12 is based on the scheme 10: a flywheel is connected to the input shaft of the rotary generator.
  • the floating body is provided with a support rail corresponding to the swinging trajectory of the weight to provide support during the weight swing.
  • the weight is slidably engaged with the support rail during the swinging process, or the weight or the rail is provided with a rolling body for reducing friction at a position where the two are relatively matched, and the support rail supports the weight by the rolling body.
  • the support rail and the weight are blocked in the extending direction of the rotation axis.
  • the weight is spherical and the support surface of the support rail is an annular curved surface that fits the lower side of the spherical weight.
  • the frame body includes a base frame fixed on the land and a mounting bracket mounted on the base frame in a vertical direction, and the wave power generating unit is hingedly mounted on the mounting On the shelf.
  • the frame body comprises a floating pedestal floating on the water surface, the floating pedestal is connected with a pulling wire, and the other end of the wire is fixed opposite to the land, and the wave power generating unit is hingedly mounted on the floating pedestal.
  • One end of the cable is fixed to the sea floor by an anchor.
  • the floating pedestal includes a frame and a supporting floating body disposed on the frame, and the frame is provided with a beam for the floating body to be hinged.
  • the frame is a flexible frame.
  • the floating base frame is provided with a limiting structure for limiting the swinging angle of the floating body of the wave power generating unit.
  • the limiting structure is a limiting beam that is oppositely disposed on opposite sides of the floating body.
  • the mounting rod is guided to move on the floating base frame in a vertical direction.
  • a limit rod for limiting the swing range of the floating body is disposed above or below the mounting rod.
  • a wave generator set comprising at least two interconnected wave power generating units, the wave power generating unit comprising a floating body capable of swinging with waves under the push of waves, the floating body being provided with at least one power generating mechanism
  • the power generating mechanism includes a swinging rod mounted on the floating body, the lower end of the swinging rod is fixed with a weight, the upper end of the swinging rod is hingedly connected with a transmission member, and the power generating mechanism further comprises a generator and an articulated connection.
  • the transmission member and the oscillating member are guided to move and cooperate to swing the floating body relative to the swinging rod to convert the swing of the swinging rod into a transmitting member relative to the swinging member
  • Solution 2 on the basis of the solution 1: the power generation mechanism is provided with two and opposite arrangements.
  • the floating body on the basis of the solution 1 or 2, the floating body is mounted with a closed casing, and the power generating mechanism is installed in the closed casing.
  • the floating body has a closed inner cavity, and the power generating mechanism is installed in the inner cavity of the floating body.
  • the shape of the floating body is a crescent shape.
  • the oscillating member is a hollow structure, and the transmission member is movably mounted in the inner cavity of the oscillating member to form a piston mechanism, and the piston mechanism is connected with a hydraulic motor through a pipeline or a pneumatic motor, the generator is a rotary generator connected to a hydraulic motor or a pneumatic motor, and the piston mechanism can drive a hydraulic motor or a pneumatic motor to rotate and drive rotary power generation under the oscillating motion of the floating body relative to the swing rod.
  • the generator is a linear generator or a piezoelectric generator
  • the transmission member directly drives the linear generator or the piezoelectric generator when moving linearly with the swinging member Power generation.
  • the swinging member is a hollow structure, and the transmission member is guided to be moved and mounted in the inner cavity of the swinging member.
  • the generator is a rotary generator, and the rotary generator is drivingly connected to the transmission member through a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism can linearly move the transmission member relative to the swinging member. It is converted into a rotary motion of a rotary generator to drive a rotary generator to generate electricity.
  • the transmission mechanism can include a speed increasing gear set from the transmission member to the rotary generator.
  • the solution 10 is based on the solution 9.
  • the transmission mechanism includes an overrunning clutch and a transmission bar connected to the overrunning clutch.
  • the overrunning clutch can drive the input shaft of the rotary generator to rotate.
  • the transmission bar is a rack
  • the overrunning clutch is drivingly connected to the transmission bar through a gear provided on the overrunning clutch.
  • the solution 12 is based on the scheme 10: a flywheel is connected to the input shaft of the rotary generator.
  • the floating body is provided with a support rail corresponding to the swinging trajectory of the weight to provide support during the weight swing.
  • the weight is slidably engaged with the support rail during the swinging process, or the weight or the rail is provided with a rolling body for reducing friction at a position where the two are relatively matched, and the support rail supports the weight by the rolling body.
  • the support rail and the weight are blocked in the extending direction of the rotation axis.
  • the weight is spherical and the support surface of the support rail is an annular curved surface that fits the lower side of the spherical weight.
  • Two adjacent wave power generating units are movably connected by a connecting member.
  • the connector is telescopic.
  • the connector is a spring.
  • the wave generator set further includes a pull wire whose one end is connected to the wave power generating unit and the other end is fixed to the land.
  • the cable is fixed to the sea floor by an anchor.
  • the two ends of the wave generator set are connected with a pull wire, and the pull wire is pulled from the front and rear directions respectively.
  • the wave power generating units are fixed in pairs in pairs, and the adjacent two pairs of wave power generating units are movably connected.
  • the wave power generating units are fixed in pairs by a connecting rod.
  • the wave power generating unit of the present invention comprises a floating body capable of swinging with waves under the push of waves, and the floating body is provided with at least one power generating mechanism, and the power generating mechanism comprises a swinging rod which is relatively rotated and mounted on the floating body
  • the lower end of the swinging rod is fixed with a weight
  • the upper end of the swinging rod is hingedly connected with a transmission member
  • the power generating mechanism further comprises a generator and a swinging member hingedly connected to the floating body, and the transmission member and the swinging member are guided to move and cooperate to make the floating body
  • the swinging rod can convert the swinging of the swinging rod into a linear motion of the transmission member with respect to the swinging member, and drive the generator to generate electricity, so that the wave energy can be used for power generation, and the device has simple structure and energy conversion efficiency. High and conducive to promotion and application.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of a wave power generating device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the wave power unit of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the power generating mechanism of FIG. 2;
  • Embodiment 4 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of a wave power generating device of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the wave power generating device of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a wave power generating unit in Embodiment 4 of the wave power generating device of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a wave power generating unit in Embodiment 5 of the wave power generating device of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of the power generating mechanism of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of a wave power generating unit in Embodiment 6 of the wave power generating device of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of the power generating mechanism of Figure 10.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the cooperation structure of the rack and the rotary generator of Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of a generator set of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the generator set of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural view of another power generating mechanism
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of another weight and a track
  • Figure 17 is a P-direction view of Figure 16;
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of another weight and a track
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of another weight and a track
  • Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line M-M of Figure 19.
  • the wave power generating device includes a frame body 11 fixed to the coast, and the frame body 11 includes two pendulum rods vertically fixed on the land 1. And two horizontally disposed crossbars, two vertical rods are spaced apart, and the upper end of the crossbar is connected by a laterally disposed connecting rod to form a gantry frame.
  • the mounting bracket of the wave power generating unit 10 includes a laterally disposed mounting rod 12, and both ends of the mounting rod 12 are guided and moved in the vertical direction by the sliding ring 121 to be assembled on the two vertical rods, and the upper portion of the wave power generating unit 10 is hingedly mounted. On the mounting rod 12, the wave power generating unit 10 is swung around the mounting rod 12 by the pushing of the waves 6, thus providing power to the power generating mechanism 101 in the wave power generating unit 10.
  • the wave power unit 10 includes a floating body 13 of a crescent-shaped structure, and an upper portion of the floating body 13 is provided with a hinge hole for articulating with the mounting rod 12 near a central portion of the upper curved surface.
  • the inside of the floating body 13 is a closed cavity structure to prevent the power generation unit in the inner cavity of the floating body 13 from being corroded by seawater when the wave is impacted.
  • the power generating mechanism 101 is provided at a central portion of the floating body 13, and the power generating mechanism 101 includes a power generating mechanism housing 102 having a closed inner cavity, and other components of the power generating mechanism 101 are disposed in the closed state.
  • the power generating mechanism 101 further includes a swinging bar 104.
  • the inner cavity of the power generating mechanism housing 102 is provided with a transversely disposed beam 103.
  • the swinging bar and the beam 103 are arranged in a cross shape, and the intersection of the swinging bar and the beam 103 is rotated and matched by the rotating shaft.
  • the swing lever and the beam 103 can be relatively oscillated about the rotation axis.
  • the lower end of the swinging rod is fixed with a spherical weight 105.
  • the upper end of the swinging rod 104 is hingedly connected with a transmission member 106.
  • the transmission member 106 has a rod-like structure.
  • One end of the transmission member 106 is hingedly connected to the upper end of the swinging rod 104, and may of course be movably connected to the upper end of the swinging rod 104, and the other end is a piston 107 adapted to the piston cylinder 109.
  • the piston cylinder 109 is mounted on the power generating mechanism mounting bracket 108.
  • the power generating mechanism mounting bracket 108 includes two connecting rods that are fixedly connected to the power generating mechanism housing and are downwardly suspended. The two connecting rods are oppositely disposed, and their overhanging ends are respectively hinged on opposite sides of the piston cylinder 109.
  • the piston 107 is guided to move in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 109 to form a piston mechanism.
  • the piston 107 is linearly moved relative to the piston cylinder 109 through the transmission member, and the piston cylinder is wound around the power generating mechanism.
  • the hinge point of the mounting bracket 108 is rotated.
  • the piston cylinder is constructed and oscillated, and the power generating mechanism housing forms a closed casing as a part of the floating body.
  • the piston mechanism is connected with a hydraulic motor 100 through a pipeline.
  • the pipeline is divided into an oil inlet pipe and a return oil pipe.
  • the hydraulic motor 100 is supplied with high-pressure oil to drive the rotation thereof, and the output shaft of the hydraulic motor and the rotary generator 304
  • the input shaft drive connection is directly coaxially connected in the embodiment, and when the hydraulic pressure is developed, the rotary generator 304 is driven to operate and generate electricity.
  • the power generating mechanism housing is provided with two piston mechanisms and a hydraulic motor and a rotating generator matched thereto, and the two sets of mechanisms are oppositely disposed on both sides of the swing rod; of course, in other embodiments, the hydraulic motor It can also be a pneumatic motor.
  • the piston mechanism drives the air motor to rotate by supplying high-pressure gas to the air motor.
  • the swing rod is connected to the mounting bracket through the ball joint, so that the weight can swing and swing back and forth with the swing rod, and the upper end of the swing rod is transmitted through the upper end.
  • the member drives the piston to move linearly, and at this time, the swinging of the floating body with respect to the weight in the front-rear direction and the swing in the left-right direction can be utilized to improve the power generation efficiency.
  • the power generating unit swings around the mounting rod under the pushing of the wave, and the swinging rod does not substantially rotate under the inertia of the weight 105 during the swinging process, and the floating body 13 rotates around the rotating shaft relative to the pendulum.
  • the rod swings, and the high-pressure oil is supplied to the corresponding hydraulic motor to drive the rotation through the piston mechanism during the swinging process, and the corresponding rotary generator operates under the driving of the corresponding hydraulic motor and generates electricity, and the current is discharged to the corresponding wire through the corresponding wire.
  • the grid In the grid.
  • an arcuate support rail supporting the weight may be provided in the float, as shown in Figures 15-20, respectively, in which several different support rail arrangements are shown.
  • the weight 105 is slidably engaged with the support rail 1050 during the swinging process.
  • the weight or the rail is provided at a position where the two are relatively matched to reduce friction.
  • the rolling body supports the weight by the rolling elements.
  • the support surface of the support rail may be a partial spherical surface, similar to the inner side of the bowl.
  • the swinging rod is rotatably mounted in the floating body about a constant axis of rotation, as shown in Fig. 15, when the swinging rod 104 is rotated about the axis perpendicular to the beam 103, as shown in Figs. 16-17, 19-20
  • the support rail 1050 and the weight 105 are blocked in the extending direction of the rotation axis.
  • the support track and the weight do not have such a stop relationship, as shown in the structure of FIG.
  • the weight 105 is spherical, and the support surface of the support rail 1050 is an annular curved surface that fits the lower side of the spherical weight, through the axis of rotation between the annular curved surface and the spherical surface. Stop the fit in the direction of extension.
  • the weights 105 are block-shaped, and the limiting flanges 1051 are respectively disposed on both sides of the extending direction of the rotation axis, and the two sides of the supporting rails 1051 and the supporting rails 1050 are blocked. stop. In this way, the weight can only be restricted in the swinging direction by the supporting rail.
  • the supporting rail can restrict the weight from moving in other directions due to inertia, and avoid the impact of the swinging rod in other directions. Protect the function of the pendulum.
  • the wave power generating apparatus includes a floating pedestal floating on the water surface and hinged to the floating pedestal and capable of swinging along the hinge shaft under the impact of the wave pushing.
  • the floating body 13 is connected with a pull wire 24 on the floating base frame, and the pull wire 24 fixes the floating base frame to the sea floor or the land through the anchor 26 at the other end.
  • the floating pedestal includes a frame 21 and a supporting floating body 23 provided on the frame 21.
  • the frame 21 is provided with a hinge beam 22, and the floating body 13 is hinged on the hinge beam 22.
  • the frame 21 on the floating base frame is a rectangular frame welded by a profile, and a hinge beam 22 is arranged in the middle of the rectangular frame.
  • the hinge beam 22 is arranged side by side with the front and rear side beams of the rectangular frame, and the front and rear side beams form a pair of floating
  • the limit beam of the body 13 limit can prevent the safety accident of the damage device caused by the overturning of the floating body 13 under heavy wind and waves.
  • the supporting floating body 23 is a cylindrical hollow casing, and four are fixed at four corners of the frame 21, respectively, and the longitudinal direction of the supporting floating body 23 extends vertically, so as to ensure that the frame 21 is not easily turned over and is more stable.
  • the floating body 13 is a crescent-shaped hollow shell which is low in the middle and high in both sides, and its lower intermediate position is hinged in the middle of the beam by the hinge shaft, and the axis of the hinge shaft is parallel to the axis of the beam to ensure that the floating body 13 swings in the front-rear direction. And is limited by the limit beam on the front and rear sides.
  • the floating body 13 is integrally sealed to seal the power generating mechanism 101 therein, and the power generating mechanism 101 is protected from water, dust, and impact.
  • the power generation mechanism has the same structure as that of the power generation mechanism in the first embodiment of the above-described wave power generation device, and will not be described again.
  • the four corners of the frame 21 are respectively connected with a pull wire 24, which is made of a steel cable or a steel wire rope, and has a tension spring 25 connected in series to provide the necessary amount of expansion and contraction when the water level changes and in the big wind and wave pair.
  • the frame 21 of the floating pedestal can be buffered and protected by the tension spring 25 when a large impact is caused, and the float 24 is further provided with a floating object for balancing the weight of the wire 24 to ensure that the weight of the wire 24 does not affect the floating body 13
  • the draught depth affects, that is, the lower gravity of the pull wire 24 itself is dragged to the sea bottom during the ebb tide, and the gravity applied to the floating pedestal is reduced due to the smaller gravity of the pull wire 24, thereby causing the floating body on the floating pedestal 13
  • the draught is shallower and the floating body 13 is not working properly.
  • the lower end of the pull wire 24 fixes the frame 21 relative to the land (sea bottom) by the anchor, and the anchor 26 is placed at a position such that the pull wire 24 can pull the floating base frame from the four directions corresponding to the diagonal lines of the rectangular frame respectively to facilitate floating.
  • the position of the pedestal is stable within a certain range of the sea surface, and there is no entanglement or twisting between the wires 24 due to the influence of the sea vortex.
  • the length of the pull wire 24 is at least greater than the height from the sea floor to the highest tidal level so that the floating pedestal will not sink into the water during high tide.
  • the installation of the device on the shore can be realized by pulling the wire on the fixed column on the shore.
  • the four anchors 26 are passed.
  • the four pull wires 24 respectively pull the frame 21 from four directions, and it is necessary to ensure that the floating pedestal is still above the water surface when the sea tide is high, and the wires and the rectifiers on the floating body hinged on the beam of the frame 21 are converted.
  • the receiver and other components can be connected to complete the installation; when generating electricity, the wave hits the floating body back and forth, so that the floating body swings back and forth around the hinge shaft, and drives the power generation mechanism to generate electricity.
  • the device fixes the floating base frame relative to the sea bottom through the cable 24,
  • the floating body is hinged on the frame 21, and the floating body can be freely and flexibly oscillated under the wave pushing, and the power generation efficiency is high.
  • the power generating device When the power generating device is located on the shore, the power generating device can also be limited by tying the cable to the mast on the shore. Of course, instead of providing a pull wire, the power can be generated by setting a limit buoy on the water surface. The device circle is in a certain area.
  • connection position between the pull wire and the power generating unit can be flexibly adjusted according to requirements.
  • the number of pull wires can also be adjusted as needed. Multiple pull wires and two pull wires can be set. Only one can be set when the pull wire strength is sufficient.
  • the position of the tension spring connected in series on the wire can be adjusted freely, and even the tension spring can be omitted.
  • the wire should be made of elastic material.
  • the present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the tension wire is not provided on the wire, but is directly connected to the anchor 26, and the power generating unit passes through the door.
  • the beam 32 is mounted on the frame body, and the door beam 32 includes a lifting portion 33 at the upper end and two vertically disposed vertical rods connecting the lifting portion and the lower portion.
  • the first rail 34 and the second rail 35 pass through each of the following years.
  • the vertical rods are connected together, and the power generating unit is hingedly mounted on the first cross bar 34. Both ends of the two cross bars are provided with a slip ring, and the two cross bars are guided by the sliding ring in the up and down direction to be assembled on the two vertical bars.
  • a lifting generator 36 is mounted on the hoisting portion 33.
  • a vertical rod connected to the second cross rod drives the lifting generator to assist power generation
  • the lifting generator can be a linear generator or
  • the piezoelectric material of the piezoelectric generator may be a piezoelectric ceramic or other piezoelectric material
  • the second cross bar constitutes a limit rod for preventing the floating body from generating an excessive turning angle, the limit rod or
  • the first crossbar may also be disposed under the floating body, and the first crossbar constitutes a mounting rod of the floating body, that is, a mounting bracket, and the rest is the same as that of Embodiment 2, and details are not described herein again.
  • the power generating unit in the wave power generating apparatus is different from that of the second embodiment in that the shape of the floating body is a boat shape, and the other parts are the same as those of the second embodiment, and will not be described again.
  • the power generating unit in the wave power generating apparatus is as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, in the present embodiment, the other end of the transmitting member 106 opposite to the hinge end thereof is provided with a disc-shaped structure.
  • the guiding cylinder 209 is hingedly connected to the power generating mechanism housing through the power generating mechanism mounting bracket 108, so that the guiding cylinder 209 can swing about the hinge shaft with respect to the power generating mechanism housing, the guiding cylinder 209 constitutes a swinging member, and the guiding member 207 is guided to move and assemble in the guiding direction.
  • a roller may be disposed therebetween, and in the present embodiment, the roller is disposed on the outer circumference of the guide member.
  • the linear generator 208 is mounted at the bottom position of the guide cylinder, and its power input end is drivingly coupled to the guide member, which in the present embodiment is directly fixed.
  • the transmission member 106 drives the guiding member 207 to guide the movement in the guiding cylinder 209, and when the guiding member 207 moves, the linear generator 208 is driven to generate electricity.
  • the linear generator can also be a piezoelectric generator.
  • the piezoelectric generator is made of piezoelectric ceramic as the main piezoelectric material, and can directly convert the energy of the linear motion into pressure by electric energy.
  • the power generating unit in the wave power generating apparatus is as shown in Figs. 10 to 12, and in the present embodiment, the power transmitting mechanism mounting bracket 108 is attached with the transmission mechanism housing 307, and the transmission mechanism box
  • the body 307 is a swinging member, and one end of the transmission mechanism housing 307 near the swinging rod 104 is a rail portion for guiding the guiding member 207 to move and cooperate, and the other end of the transmission mechanism housing 307 is a hollow structure having a mounting cavity, and the hollow structure
  • the middle wheel is equipped with a gear 303, and the flywheel 302 and the rotary generator 304 are disposed coaxially with the gear 303 and are respectively disposed on two sides of the gear 303.
  • the transmission mechanism box 307 is also guided to move and is equipped with a rack 301 matched with the gear.
  • One end of the rack 301 is fixed to the guide 207.
  • An overrunning clutch is disposed between the gear 303 and the rotating shaft thereof, so that the rotating generator can continue to rotate and generate electricity under the inertia of the flywheel when the floating body returns, and the transmitting member pushes the rack relative to the transmission when the floating body swings relative to the swinging rod.
  • the mechanism box is linearly moved. During the movement, the rack drives the rotary generator to generate electricity and generates electricity.
  • the rack constitutes a transmission strip.
  • the rack can also be provided as a transmission strip having a friction portion, and the gear is set as a friction wheel, and the transmission is realized by the friction fit of the transmission rod and the friction wheel.
  • the overrunning clutch may not be provided.
  • two, three or other number of wave power generating units may be mounted on the frame of the wave power generating device; two or three holes may be disposed in the inner cavity of each wave power generating unit.
  • the floating body may not be closed, at this time, relying on the power generating mechanism housing to achieve its own closure; there may be no power generating mechanism housing, at which time the components of the power generating mechanism are directly installed in the closed body of the floating body In the cavity; the number of rotating generators can also be set to other quantities according to the volume of the floating body, such as one, three or four; the shape of the floating body can also be a triangular pyramid, a spindle, or both ends It has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with an upwardly angled structure; the floating body can be made of a hard material or a soft material, and the inside thereof can be filled with gas when used, for example, it can be filled with other densities such as helium.
  • the floating body When the floating body is not closed, it may be filled with materials such as foam in the middle; the length of the supporting floating body may not extend vertically, and the frame and the supporting floating body which can horizontally extend the floating base frame may be an integrated structure, that is, the frame is made floating.
  • the frame can also be made of soft steel wire rope.
  • the wire and the supporting floating body need to be tensioned from different directions.
  • the wire rope structure can have stronger resistance to wind and waves pulling impact;
  • the rigid frame is provided with a movable connecting member or a soft connecting member to realize the connection between the respective rods of the frame.
  • the structure not only has a certain rigidity, but also has a certain flexibility to improve the performance against wind and waves;
  • the inner cavity is disposed, and then the oscillating member is guided to move and fit in the inner cavity of the transmission member to realize the guiding movement cooperation of the two;
  • the hinge member can also be disposed on the side, the upper portion and the like of the floating body;
  • the hinge member can be used in various manners. For example, bearings, collars, etc., hinge points can be multiple; the base frame can also be guided in the oblique direction Movement; connector may also be connected to another member other than the float; float may also be a solid (light material), shell-shaped, flexible bag-like structure.
  • the generator and the mechanism cooperated therewith may be disposed at the bottom of the floating body such that the center of gravity of the power generating unit is at its lower position, which enhances stability and makes the power generating unit less prone to tipping over the tumbler. .
  • the wave power generating set includes a plurality of wave power generating units 10, and the plurality of power generating unit supports are movably connected by a connecting member 41 of a soft connecting structure to cause the wave power generating unit 10
  • the movement is more flexible.
  • the connecting member 41 is a spring, and the expansion and contraction of the spring meets the displacement requirement between the power generating units, and the buffering action provided by the elastic force of the spring realizes the pulling and impacting force between the power generating units. Buffer.
  • the connecting member 41 can also be replaced by a movable hinge member such as a hinge, a movable chain or a steel cable, or can be replaced by a telescopic soft body, a telescopic cylinder, etc., and the telescopic cylinder needs to be connected to the telescopic cylinder through an articulated manner to generate electricity.
  • a movable hinge member such as a hinge, a movable chain or a steel cable
  • a telescopic soft body such as a hinge, a movable chain or a steel cable
  • the telescopic cylinder needs to be connected to the telescopic cylinder through an articulated manner to generate electricity.
  • the circuits for generating power of each power generating unit can be connected in series or in parallel, and finally exported through electric wires. After the electric energy is processed by the rectifying device and the confluent device of the prior art, Subsequent utilization,
  • the power generating device is limited to the ground by four wires 24 connected at the beginning and the end and the anchor 26 at the end of the wire.
  • the front and rear ends of the wave power generating device have two wires, and two The strips are pulled from the left and right directions respectively, and the pulling of the four directions of the front, rear, left and right directions not only makes the power generating device not easily rotate with the vortex, but also strengthens the overall traction strength of the pull wire.
  • the power generating device when the power generating device is located on the shore, the power generating device may be limited by tying the cable to the mast on the shore. Of course, the cable may not be provided, but the limit is set on the water surface.
  • the position of the buoy is to circle the power generating device in a certain area; the connection position between the pull wire and the power generating unit can be flexibly adjusted according to needs, and the number of the pulling wires can also be adjusted according to needs, and a plurality of pulling wires can be set to increase the connection strength of the pulling wire, or only Set one wire at each end, of course, only one can be set if the cable strength is sufficient.
  • a drawstring spring 25 is connected in series on the pull wire to act as a buffer and extend the pull wire.
  • the position of the cable spring connected in series on the wire can be freely adjusted, and even the cable spring can be omitted.
  • the wire should be made of elastic material. The length of the cable should not be less than the distance from the sea floor to the maximum rising tide surface to ensure that the length of the cable is high enough during high tide.
  • the wave power generating units 10 are fixedly connected together by the connecting rods 42 in pairs, and may of course be fixed together by other parts.
  • the two adjacent pairs of wave power generating units 10 are connected by a connecting member 41.
  • the connecting member 41 is a spring, and the expansion and contraction of the spring meets the displacement requirement between the power generating units, and the buffering effect provided by the elastic force of the spring is A buffer for pulling and impacting forces between power generating units is achieved.
  • the connecting member 41 can also be replaced with a movable hinge member such as a hinge, a movable chain, a steel cable, or the like, and can also be replaced with a telescopic soft body, a telescopic cylinder, etc., and the telescopic cylinder needs to be connected to the telescopic cylinder by an articulated manner.
  • the weight in the wave power generating unit in this embodiment is in the lower position during operation.
  • each wave power generating unit is movably connected, it is easy to flip over the sea surface when the wave swings, and the bottom of the floating body faces toward Therefore, the weight of the hammer cannot be oscillated, and the wave power unit 10 in this embodiment is fixed in pairs, and the angle of the wave power unit 10 with the wave can be limited to prevent the wave power unit from being turned over.
  • Embodiment 1 the same as Embodiment 1, and no further description is given.
  • a plurality of power generating units are connected in series or in parallel, and the connecting portion adopts a soft connection, and the generated electric energy of each power generating unit is processed by a rectifier or the like and then guided to the one end through a wire in parallel or in series.
  • Wires, which are exported with the wires; multiple power generation units are positioned on the shore by cables or by anchors and anchors at sea, and continue to generate electricity under the endless movement of waves; when the water level rises or the power generation device drifts with the waves, it will pull the wires. Pulling, because the length of the wire is set long and the spring is connected in series on the wire, it can have a certain buffering effect on the pulling force and improve the service life of the wire.
  • a speed increasing gear set may be disposed on the transmission path between the transmission member and the generator to increase the rotational speed of the rotating generator and increase the power generation amount.
  • the wave power generation unit in the above embodiment is the same as the wave power generation unit in the respective embodiments of the above-described wave power generation device, and will not be described again.
  • the wave power generating unit in the respective embodiments of the wave power generating unit of the wave power generating unit has the same structure and will not be described again.

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Abstract

一种波浪发电单元（10）、波浪发电装置及波浪发电机组。所述波浪发电单元（10）包括能够在波浪（6）的推动下随波浪（6）摆动的漂浮体（13），漂浮体（13）上设有至少一个发电机构（101），发电机构（101）包括相对转动装配在漂浮体（13）上的摆杆（104），摆杆（104）的下端固连有重物（105），摆杆（104）的上端铰接连接有传动件（106），发电机构（101）还包括发电机和铰接连接在漂浮体上的摆动件，传动件（106）与摆动件导向移动配合以使漂浮体（13）相对于摆杆（104）摆动时摆杆（104）能够将摆杆（104）的摆动转化为传动件（106）相对于摆动件的直线运动，并驱动发电机工作发电，这样就能够利用波浪能进行发电。装置结构简单，能量转化效率高、利于推广应用。

Description

波浪发电单元、波浪发电装置及波浪发电机组 技术领域
本发明涉及一种波浪发电单元、波浪发电装置及波浪发电机组。
背景技术
目前，新能源技术日益受到人们的关注，其中风力发电、太阳能发电技术发展较早，应用也相对较为广泛。另外，波浪能也是一种无污染、可再生、储量大和分布广的能源，如果通过新技术将海洋中的波浪能加以利用，可以有效地遏制日趋恶化的能源问题。因此，发展波浪发电技术能够缓解目前严峻的能源困境，但是波浪发电装置需要将采集波浪能的设备直接放到海里，通过海浪作用在采集波浪能的设备上，推动发电机构的运转，现有的波浪发电装置一般投资很大，而且能量转化率很低，不利于大面积推广应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能量转化效率高、利于推广应用的波浪发电装置；同时，本发明还提供上述波浪发电装置中的波浪发电单元以及使用该发电单元的波浪发电机组。
为实现上述目的，本发明波浪发电单元采用如下技术方案：
方案1：波浪发电单元，包括能够在波浪的推动下随波浪摆动的漂浮体，所述漂浮体上设有至少一个发电机构，所述发电机构包括相对转动装配在漂浮体上的摆杆，所述摆杆的下端固连有重物，所述摆杆的上端铰接连接有传动件，所述发电机构还包括发电机和铰接连接在所述漂浮体上的摆动件，所述传动件与所述摆动件导向移动配合以使漂浮体相对于摆杆摆动时所述摆杆能够将摆杆的摆动转化为传动件相对于摆动件的直线运动，并驱动发电机工作发电。
方案2，在方案1的基础上：所述发电机构设有两个且相对布置。
方案3，在方案1或2的基础上：所述漂浮体上安装有封闭壳体，所述发电机构安装在所述封闭壳体中。
方案4，在方案1或2的基础上：所述漂浮体具有封闭的内腔，所述发电机构安装在所述漂浮体的内腔中。
方案5，在方案1或2的基础上：所述漂浮体的形状为月牙形。
方案6，在方案1或2的基础上：所述摆动件为中空结构，所述传动件导向移动安装在摆动件的内腔中构成活塞机构，所述活塞机构通过管路连接有液压马达或者气动马达，所述发电机为与液压马达或者气动马达传动连接的旋转发电机，所述活塞机构能够在漂浮体相对于摆杆的摆动运动的带动下驱动液压马达或者气动马达转动并带动旋转发电机工作发电。
方案7，在方案1或2的基础上：所述发电机为直线发电机或者压电发电机，所述传动件相对与所述摆动件直线运动时直接驱动直线发电机或者压电发电机工作发电。
方案8，在方案7的基础上：所述摆动件为中空结构，所述传动件导向移动安装在摆动件的内腔中。
方案9，在方案1或2的基础上：所述发电机为旋转发电机，旋转发电机通过传动机构与所述传动件传动连接，所述传动机构能够将传动件相对于摆动件的直线运动转化为旋转发电机的旋转运动以驱动旋转发电机工作发电。优选地，传动机构可以包括从传动件到旋转发电机的增速齿轮组。
方案10，在方案9的基础上：所述传动机构包括超越离合器以及与超越离合器传动连接的传动条，超越离合器能够带动旋转发电机的输入轴转动。
方案11，在方案10的基础上：所述传动条为齿条，超越离合器通过超越离合器上设置的齿轮与传动条传动连接。
方案12，在方案10的基础上：所述旋转发电机的输入轴上连接有飞轮。
方案13，在方案1或2的基础上：漂浮体内设有与重物的摆动轨迹相对应而在重物摆动过程中提供支撑的支撑轨道。
进而，重物在摆动过程中与支撑轨道滑动配合，或者重物或轨道上在两者相对配合的位置设有用于减小摩擦的滚动体，支撑轨道通过滚动体对重物进行支撑。在摆杆绕不变的转动轴线转动安装在漂浮体内时，支撑轨道与重物在转动轴线的延伸方向上挡止配合。例如优选地，所述重物为球状，支撑轨道的支撑面为与球状重物的下侧面适配的环形弧面。
本发明的波浪发电装置采用如下技术方案：
方案1：波浪发电装置，包括与陆地相对固定的架体，所述架体上铰接安装 有至少一个波浪发电单元，所述波浪发电单元包括能够在波浪的推动下随波浪摆动的漂浮体，所述漂浮体上设有至少一个发电机构，所述发电机构包括相对转动装配在漂浮体上的摆杆，所述摆杆的下端固连有重物，所述摆杆的上端铰接连接有传动件，所述发电机构还包括发电机和铰接连接在所述漂浮体上的摆动件，所述传动件与所述摆动件导向移动配合以使漂浮体相对于摆杆摆动时所述摆杆能够将摆杆的摆动转化为传动件相对于摆动件的直线运动，并驱动发电机工作发电。
方案2，在方案1的基础上：所述发电机构设有两个且相对布置。
方案3，在方案1或2的基础上：所述漂浮体上安装有封闭壳体，所述发电机构安装在所述封闭壳体中。
方案4，在方案1或2的基础上：所述漂浮体具有封闭的内腔，所述发电机构安装在所述漂浮体的内腔中。
方案5，在方案1或2的基础上：所述漂浮体的形状为月牙形。
方案6，在方案1或2的基础上：所述摆动件为中空结构，所述传动件导向移动安装在摆动件的内腔中构成活塞机构，所述活塞机构通过管路连接有液压马达或者气动马达，所述发电机为与液压马达或者气动马达传动连接的旋转发电机，所述活塞机构能够在漂浮体相对于摆杆的摆动运动的带动下驱动液压马达或者气动马达转动并带动旋转发电机工作发电。
方案7，在方案1或2的基础上：所述发电机为直线发电机或者压电发电机，所述传动件相对与所述摆动件直线运动时直接驱动直线发电机或者压电发电机工作发电。
方案8，在方案7的基础上：所述摆动件为中空结构，所述传动件导向移动安装在摆动件的内腔中。
方案9，在方案1或2的基础上：所述发电机为旋转发电机，旋转发电机通过传动机构与所述传动件传动连接，所述传动机构能够将传动件相对于摆动件的直线运动转化为旋转发电机的旋转运动以驱动旋转发电机工作发电。优选地，传动机构可以包括从传动件到旋转发电机的增速齿轮组。
方案10，在方案9的基础上：所述传动机构包括超越离合器以及与超越离合器传动连接的传动条，超越离合器能够带动旋转发电机的输入轴转动。
方案11，在方案10的基础上：所述传动条为齿条，超越离合器通过超越离 合器上设置的齿轮与传动条传动连接。
方案12，在方案10的基础上：所述旋转发电机的输入轴上连接有飞轮。
方案13，在方案1或2的基础上：漂浮体内设有与重物的摆动轨迹相对应而在重物摆动过程中提供支撑的支撑轨道。
进而，重物在摆动过程中与支撑轨道滑动配合，或者重物或轨道上在两者相对配合的位置设有用于减小摩擦的滚动体，支撑轨道通过滚动体对重物进行支撑。在摆杆绕不变的转动轴线转动安装在漂浮体内时，支撑轨道与重物在转动轴线的延伸方向上挡止配合。例如优选地，所述重物为球状，支撑轨道的支撑面为与球状重物的下侧面适配的环形弧面。
在上述各种方案的基础上：所述架体包括固定在陆地上的基架以及沿竖直方向导向移动装配在所述基架上的安装架，所述波浪发电单元铰接安装在所述安装架上。
所述架体包括漂浮在水面上的漂浮基架，所述漂浮基架上连接有拉线，拉线的另一端与陆地相对固定，所述波浪发电单元铰接安装在所述漂浮基架上。
所述拉线的一端通过锚固定于海底。
所述漂浮基架包括框架和设在框架上的支撑浮体，框架上设有供漂浮体铰接的横梁。
所述框架为柔性框架。
所述漂浮基架上设有用于限制所述波浪发电单元的漂浮体摆动角度的限位结构。
所述限位结构为间隔相对设置在所述漂浮体的两侧的限位梁。
所述安装杆沿竖直方向导向移动装配在所述漂浮基架上。
所述安装杆的上方或下方设有对漂浮体的摆动范围进行限位的限位杆。
本发明的波浪发电机组采用如下技术方案：
方案1：波浪发电机组，包括至少两个相互连接的波浪发电单元，所述波浪发电单元包括能够在波浪的推动下随波浪摆动的漂浮体，所述漂浮体上设有至少一个发电机构，所述发电机构包括相对转动装配在漂浮体上的摆杆，所述摆杆的下端固连有重物，所述摆杆的上端铰接连接有传动件，所述发电机构还包括发电机和铰接连接在所述漂浮体上的摆动件，所述传动件与所述摆动件导向移动配合 以使漂浮体相对于摆杆摆动时所述摆杆能够将摆杆的摆动转化为传动件相对于摆动件的直线运动，并驱动发电机工作发电。
方案2，在方案1的基础上：所述发电机构设有两个且相对布置。
方案3，在方案1或2的基础上：所述漂浮体上安装有封闭壳体，所述发电机构安装在所述封闭壳体中。
方案4，在方案1或2的基础上：所述漂浮体具有封闭的内腔，所述发电机构安装在所述漂浮体的内腔中。
方案5，在方案1或2的基础上：所述漂浮体的形状为月牙形。
方案6，在方案1或2的基础上：所述摆动件为中空结构，所述传动件导向移动安装在摆动件的内腔中构成活塞机构，所述活塞机构通过管路连接有液压马达或者气动马达，所述发电机为与液压马达或者气动马达传动连接的旋转发电机，所述活塞机构能够在漂浮体相对于摆杆的摆动运动的带动下驱动液压马达或者气动马达转动并带动旋转发电机工作发电。
方案7，在方案1或2的基础上：所述发电机为直线发电机或者压电发电机，所述传动件相对与所述摆动件直线运动时直接驱动直线发电机或者压电发电机工作发电。
方案8，在方案7的基础上：所述摆动件为中空结构，所述传动件导向移动安装在摆动件的内腔中。
方案9，在方案1或2的基础上：所述发电机为旋转发电机，旋转发电机通过传动机构与所述传动件传动连接，所述传动机构能够将传动件相对于摆动件的直线运动转化为旋转发电机的旋转运动以驱动旋转发电机工作发电。优选地，传动机构可以包括从传动件到旋转发电机的增速齿轮组。
方案10，在方案9的基础上：所述传动机构包括超越离合器以及与超越离合器传动连接的传动条，超越离合器能够带动旋转发电机的输入轴转动。
方案11，在方案10的基础上：所述传动条为齿条，超越离合器通过超越离合器上设置的齿轮与传动条传动连接。
方案12，在方案10的基础上：所述旋转发电机的输入轴上连接有飞轮。
方案13，在方案1或2的基础上：漂浮体内设有与重物的摆动轨迹相对应而在重物摆动过程中提供支撑的支撑轨道。
进而，重物在摆动过程中与支撑轨道滑动配合，或者重物或轨道上在两者相对配合的位置设有用于减小摩擦的滚动体，支撑轨道通过滚动体对重物进行支撑。在摆杆绕不变的转动轴线转动安装在漂浮体内时，支撑轨道与重物在转动轴线的延伸方向上挡止配合。例如优选地，所述重物为球状，支撑轨道的支撑面为与球状重物的下侧面适配的环形弧面。
在上述各种方案的基础上：相邻两个波浪发电单元之间活动连接。
相邻两个波浪发电单元通过连接件活动连接。
所述连接件能够伸缩。
所述连接件为弹簧。
所述波浪发电机组还包括一端与所述波浪发电单元连接、另一端与陆地相对固定的拉线。
所述拉线通过锚固定于海底。
所述波浪发电机组的两端均连接有拉线，拉线分别从前、后两个方向对其拉拽。
所述波浪发电单元两两成对固连，相邻两对波浪发电单元之间活动连接。
所述波浪发电单元两两成对通过连接杆固连。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明的波浪发电单元包括能够在波浪的推动下随波浪摆动的漂浮体，漂浮体上设有至少一个发电机构，发电机构包括相对转动装配在漂浮体上的摆杆，摆杆的下端固连有重物，摆杆的上端铰接连接有传动件，发电机构还包括发电机和铰接连接在漂浮体上的摆动件，传动件与摆动件导向移动配合以使漂浮体相对于摆杆摆动时摆杆能够将摆杆的摆动转化为传动件相对于摆动件的直线运动，并驱动发电机工作发电，这样就能够利用波浪能进行发电，该装置结构简单，能量转化效率高、利于推广应用。
附图说明
图1为本发明的波浪发电装置的实施例1的结构示意图；
图2为图1中的波浪发电单元的结构示意图；
图3为图2中的发电机构的结构示意图；
图4为本发明的波浪发电装置的实施例2的结构示意图；
图5为图4的立体图；
图6为本发明的波浪发电装置的实施例3的结构示意图；
图7为本发明的波浪发电装置的实施例4中的波浪发电单元的结构示意图；
图8为本发明的波浪发电装置的实施例5中的波浪发电单元的结构示意图；
图9为图8中的发电机构的结构示意图；
图10为本发明的波浪发电装置的实施例6中的波浪发电单元的结构示意图；
图11为图10中的发电机构的结构示意图；
图12为图11中齿条与旋转发电机的配合结构示意图；
图13为本发明的发电机组的实施例1的结构示意图；
图14为本发明的发电机组的实施例2的结构示意图；
图15为另一种发电机构的结构示意图；
图16为另一种重物与轨道的配合示意图；
图17为图16中P向视图；
图18为另一种重物与轨道的配合示意图；
图19为另一种重物与轨道的配合示意图；
图20为图19中M-M处的剖视图。
附图中：1、陆地；10、波浪发电单元；11、架体；12、安装杆；13、漂浮体；100、液压马达；101、发电机构；102、发电机构壳体；103、横梁；104、摆杆；105、重物；1050、弧形支撑轨道；1051、限位凸缘；106、传动件；107、活塞；108、发电机构安装架；109、活塞缸；121、滑环；21、框架；22、铰接梁；23、支撑附体；24、拉线；25、拉伸弹簧；26、锚；207、导向件；208、直线发电机；209、导向筒；32、门式梁；33、吊装部分；34、第一横杆；35、第二横杆；36、升降发电机；301、齿条；302、飞轮；303、齿轮；304、旋转发电机；307、传动机构箱体；41、连接件；42、连接杆；6、波浪。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施方式作进一步说明。
本发明的波浪发电装置的具体实施例1，如图1至图3所示，波浪发电装置包括固定在海岸边的架体11，架体11包括两根竖直固定在陆地1上的摆杆和两根水平设置的横杆，两根竖杆间隔设置，横杆的上端通过一根横向设置的连杆连接构成门式框架。波浪发电单元10的安装架包括一根横向设置的安装杆12，安 装杆12的两端均通过滑环121沿竖向方向导向移动装配在两根竖杆上，波浪发电单元10的上部铰接安装在安装杆12上，波浪发电单元10会受到波浪6的推动而绕安装杆12摆动，这样就给波浪发电单元10中的发电机构101提供了动力。
波浪发电单元10包括月牙形结构的漂浮体13，漂浮体13的上部靠近上弧形面的中部位置处设有用于与安装杆12铰接的铰接孔。漂浮体13内部为封闭的空腔结构，避免波浪冲击时使漂浮体13内腔中的发电单元受到海水的腐蚀。在本实施例中发电机构101设有一个，设置在漂浮体13的中部位置处，发电机构101包括具有封闭内腔的发电机构壳体102，发电机构101的其他部件都是设置在这个封闭的发电机构壳体102中，这样进一步提高发电机构101的密封性能，提升可靠性。发电机构101还包括摆杆104，发电机构壳体102的内腔中设有横向设置的横梁103，摆杆与横梁103呈十字形设置，摆杆与横梁103的交叉部分处通过转轴转动配合，使摆杆与横梁103能够绕转轴相对摆动。摆杆的下端固连有球形的重物105，摆杆104的上端铰接连接有传动件106，在本实施例中传动件106为杆状结构。传动件106的一端铰接连接在摆杆104的上端，当然也可以活动连接在摆杆104的上端，另一端为与活塞缸109适配的活塞107，活塞缸109通过发电机构安装架108安装在发电机构壳体上。发电机构安装架108包括两个与发电机构壳体固连并向下悬伸的连接杆，两个连接杆相对设置，且他们的悬伸端分别铰接在活塞缸109外部相对的两侧。活塞107导向移动安装在活塞缸109的内腔中构成活塞机构，漂浮体相对于摆杆摆动时，通过传动件带动活塞107相对于活塞缸109直线移动，此时活塞缸会绕其与发电机构安装架108的铰接点转动。本实施例中活塞缸构成与摆动件，发电机构壳体作为漂浮体的一部分构成封闭壳体。
活塞机构通过管路连接有液压马达100，管路分为进油管和回油管，当活塞机构动作时，为液压马达100提供高压油液以驱动其转动，液压马达的输出轴与旋转发电机304的输入轴传动连接，在本实施例中两者直接同轴连接，液压发达转动时，带动旋转发电机304工作并进行发电。在本实施例中发电机构壳体中设有两个活塞机构以及与之适配的液压马达、旋转发电机，两套机构相对设置在摆杆的两侧；当然，在其他实施例中液压马达还可以为气动马达，活塞机构通过向气动马达提供高压气体驱动气动马达转动；摆杆通过球铰接与安装架连接，这样 重物能够带着摆杆左右摆动和前后摆动，摆杆的上端通过传动件带动活塞直线移动，此时就能够将漂浮体相对于重物前后方向上的摆动以及左右方向上的摆动均利用上，提高发电效率。
本实施例的波浪发电装置使用时，在波浪的推动下发电单元绕安装杆摆动，摆动过程中在重物105的惯性作用下摆杆基本不会发生转动，此时漂浮体13绕转轴相对于摆杆摆动，摆动过程中通过活塞机构向对应的液压马达提供高压油液以驱动其转动，相应的旋转发电机在对应的液压马达的驱动下工作并发电，并通过相应的导线将电流导出到相应的电网中。
当然，更为优选地，可以在漂浮物内设置支撑重物的弧形支撑轨道，如图15～20分别示出了几种不同的支撑轨道设置形式。这几种形式中，重物105在摆动过程中与支撑轨道1050滑动配合，当然，也不排除在其他实施方式中，重物或轨道上在两者相对配合的位置设有用于减小摩擦的滚动体，支撑轨道通过滚动体对重物进行支撑。
在摆杆绕可变的转动轴线转动时，即如上述所说的球铰安装在漂浮体内时，支撑轨道的支撑面可以为部分球面，类似于碗的内侧面。在摆杆绕不变的转动轴线转动安装在漂浮体内时，以图15来看，即摆杆104绕垂直于横梁103的轴线转动时，如图16～17、19～20所示的两种实施方式，支撑轨道1050与重物105在转动轴线的延伸方向上挡止配合。当然，支撑轨道和重物没有这样的挡止关系也是可以的，如图18所示的结构。图16～17所示的实施例中，重物105为球状，支撑轨道1050的支撑面为与球状重物的下侧面适配的环形弧面，通过环形弧面与球面之间在转动轴线的延伸方向上挡止配合。图19～20所示的实施例中，重物105为块状，且在转动轴线延伸方向的两侧分别设有限位凸缘1051，通过限位凸缘1051与支撑轨道1050的两侧面实现挡止。这样能够通过支撑轨道限制重物只能在其摆动方向活动，在波浪不定向冲击漂浮体时，支撑轨道能够限制重物因惯性在其他方向产生运动，避免摆杆受到其他方向的冲击，起到保护摆杆的作用。
本发明的波浪发电装置的实施例2，如图4和图5所示，波浪发电装置包括漂浮在水面上的漂浮基架和与漂浮基架铰接并能够在波浪推动撞击下沿铰轴摆动的漂浮体13，漂浮基架上连接有拉线24，拉线24通过另一端的锚26将漂浮基架相对于海底或陆地固定。漂浮基架包括框架21和设在框架21上的支撑浮体 23，框架21上设有铰接梁22，漂浮体13铰接在铰接梁22上。
漂浮基架上的框架21是由型材焊接而成的矩形框，矩形框的中间设有一根铰接梁22，铰接梁22与矩形框的前后两边梁并列间隔设置，该前后的两边梁构成对漂浮体13限位的限位梁，可防止漂浮体13在大风浪下过度翻转造成的损坏装置的安全事故。
支撑浮体23为圆柱状的空心壳体，有四个，分别固定在框架21的四个角处，且支撑浮体23的长度方向沿竖向延伸，以便保证框架21不容易翻转，更加稳定。
漂浮体13为呈中间低、两边高的月牙状的空心壳体，其下部中间位置通过铰接轴铰接在横梁的中间，铰接轴的轴线与横梁的轴线平行，以保证漂浮体13沿前后方向摆动，并被前后两侧的限位梁限位。漂浮体13整体密封，以将发电机构101密封在其内，对发电机构101进行防水、防尘以及防撞击等保护。发电机构与上述波浪发电装置的实施例1中的发电机构结构相同，不再赘述。
框架21的四个角上分别连接有拉线24，拉线24由钢索或钢丝绳制作而成，其上串接有拉伸弹簧25，以便于在水位变化时提供必要的伸缩量以及在大风浪对漂浮基架的框架21造成较大冲击时可通过拉伸弹簧25进行缓冲和保护，拉线24上还设有漂浮物，用来平衡拉线24的重量，保证拉线24的重量不会对漂浮体13的吃水深度造成影响，即不会在落潮时因拉线24自身下半部松弛拖在海底造成拉线24因重力变小施加给漂浮基架的重力变小，从而导致漂浮基架上的漂浮体13吃水深度变浅，使漂浮体13无法正常工作的问题。
拉线24的下端通过锚将框架21相对于陆地(海底)固定，锚26的安放位置使拉线24可分别从矩形框的对角线对应的四个方向对漂浮基架进行拉拽，以便于漂浮基架的位置稳定在海面一定范围内，且不会因海水涡流的影响而导致拉线24之间的缠绕、扭断等。拉线24的长度至少大于海底到最高涨潮位的高度，以便涨潮时漂浮基架不会将会沉入水中。
本实施例的波浪发电装置在使用时：通过牵引线拴在岸边的固定柱的方式可实现本装置在岸边的安装，当本装置在远离岸边的海中使用时，通过四个锚26及四根拉线24分别从四个方向将框架21拉住，并且需要保证在海水涨潮时漂浮基架依然处于水面之上，将铰接在框架21的横梁上的漂浮体上的电线与整流器、转换接收器等元器件连接即可完成安装；发电时，波浪来回撞击漂浮体，使漂浮 体绕铰轴前后摆动，带动发电机构进行发电，本装置通过拉线24将漂浮基架相对于海底固定，将漂浮体铰接在框架21上，漂浮体可在波浪推动下自由、灵活摆动，发电效率高。
当发电装置位于岸边时，也可通过将拉线拴在岸边的拴柱上的方式对发电装置限位，当然，也可不设置拉线，而是通过在水面上设置限位浮标的方式将发电装置圈在一定区域内。
拉线与发电单元的连接位置可以根据需要灵活调整，拉线的数量也可根据需要调整，可设置多根拉线、两根拉线，在拉线强度足够情况下可仅设置一根。
拉伸弹簧串接在拉线上的位置可自由调整，甚至可以不设置拉伸弹簧，此时拉线应采用具有弹性的材质制成。
本发明的波浪发电装置的实施例3，如图6所示，本实施例与实施例2的不同之处在于拉线上不设置拉伸弹簧，而是直接连接在锚26上，发电单元通过门式梁32安装在架体上，门式梁32包括处于上端的吊装部分33以及连接吊装部分与下部的两个竖直设置的竖杆，第一横杆34和第二横杆35通过来年各个竖杆连接在一起，发电单元铰接安装在第一横杆34上，两个横杆的两端均设有滑环，两个横杆通过滑环沿上下方向导向移动装配在两个竖杆上，在波浪起伏时，漂浮体随波浪摆动并随着水面沿着竖杆上下移动，保证了漂浮体时刻位于水面上。吊装部分33上安装有升降发电机36，漂浮体带动两个横杆上下升降时通过连接在第二横杆上的一个竖杆驱动升降发电机辅助发电，升降发电机可以为直线发电机也可以为压电发电机，压电发电机的压电材料可以为压电陶瓷或者其他压电材料，第二横杆构成限位杆，用于防止漂浮体产生过大的翻转角度，限位杆或者第一横杆还可以设置在漂浮体的下方，第一横杆构成漂浮体的安装杆，即安装架，其他与实施例2相同，不再赘述。
本发明的波浪发电装置的实施例4，波浪发电装置中的发电单元如图7所示，与实施例2的区别在于漂浮体的形状为船形，其他与实施例2相同，不再赘述。
本发明的波浪发电装置的实施例5，波浪发电装置中的发电单元如图8和图9所示，在本实施例中，传动件106与其铰接端相对的另一端上设有圆盘形结构的导向件207。导向筒209通过发电机构安装架108铰接连接在发电机构壳体上，以使导向筒209能够相对于发电机构壳体绕铰接轴摆动，导向筒209构成摆动件， 导向件207导向移动装配在导向筒209的内腔中，为减小导向件与导向筒之间的摩擦力还可以在两者之间设置滚轮，在本实施例中将滚轮设置在导向件的外周上。直线发电机208安装在导向筒的底部位置处，其动力输入端与导向件传动连接，在本实施例中两者直接固连。当漂浮体在受到波浪的冲击后相对于摆杆104摆动时，传动件106带动导向件207在导向筒209中导向移动，导向件207移动时推动直线发电机208工作发电。其他与实施例2相同，不再赘述。当然，直线发电机还可以是压电发电机，压电发电机是由压电陶瓷作为主要压电材料制成的，可以直接将直线运动的能量通过压力转换为电能。
本发明的波浪发电装置的实施例6，波浪发电装置中的发电单元如图10～图12所示，在本实施例中，通过发电机构安装架108安装有传动机构箱体307，传动机构箱体307即为摆动件，传动机构箱体307靠近摆杆104的一端为用于供导向件207导向移动配合的轨道部分，传动机构箱体307的另一端为具有安装腔的中空结构，中空结构中转动装配有齿轮303，飞轮302与旋转发电机304均与齿轮303同轴设置且分别设置在齿轮303的两侧，传动机构箱体307中还导向移动装配有与齿轮配合的齿条301，齿条301的一端固连在导向件207上。齿轮303与其转轴之间设有超越离合器，以使在漂浮体回程时旋转发电机能够在飞轮的惯性作用下继续转动发电，当漂浮体相对于摆杆摆动时，传动件推动齿条相对于传动机构箱体做直线运动，运动过程中齿条通过齿轮驱动旋转发电机动作并发电，其他与实施例2相同，不再赘述。在本实施例中齿条构成传动条，当然，还可以将齿条设置为一个具有摩擦部的传动条，同时将齿轮设置为摩擦轮，通过传动条与摩擦轮的摩擦配合实现传动。在其他实施例中，还可以不设置超越离合器，此时漂浮体摆动时齿轮会发生反向转动，这样旋转发电机就会产生相位不同的电流，此时在发电机的电路中设置相应的电器件，通过电学方法对电流进行处理，以便使用，当然，如果此时发电机电路直接连接的是纯电阻类的用电器比如钨丝灯时，就不需要对电流进行转换而可以直接使用。
在本发明的波浪发电装置其他实施中，波浪发电装置的架体上还可以安装两个、三个或者其他数量个波浪发电单元；每个波浪发电单元的内腔中还可以设置两个、三个或者其他数量个发电机构；漂浮体还可以不封闭，此时依靠发电机构壳体实现自身的封闭；还可以没有发电机构壳体，此时发电机构的部件直接安装 在漂浮体的封闭的内腔中；旋转发电机的数量还可以根据漂浮体的体积设置为其他数量，比如一个、三个或者四个；漂浮体的形状还可以为三角锥体、纺锤体，或者还可以为两端设有向上翘起的角形结构的长方体形等形状；漂浮体可以由硬质材质制成，也可由软质材料制成，使用时将其内部充满气体即可，比如可以充满氦气等其他密度小的气体。漂浮体不封闭时，也可以中间填充泡沫等材料进行封装；支撑浮体的长度也可不沿竖向延伸，可以水平延伸漂浮基架的框架与支撑浮体可以是一体式结构，即将框架做成漂浮式框架；框架也可采用软性的钢丝绳制作而成，相应地需要使拉线和支撑浮体从不同方向对框架进行拉紧操作，钢丝绳结构可具有更强的抵抗风浪拉扯撞击的能力；也可在原有刚性框架上设置活动连接件或软连接件实现框架的各个杆之间的连接，这种结构不仅具有一定的刚性，而且还可具有一定的柔性，以提高抗击风浪的性能；还可以在传动件上设置内腔，然后摆动件导向移动装配在传动件的内腔中实现两者的导向移动配合；铰接部件还可以设置在漂浮体的侧面、上面等其他部位；铰接部件可以采用多种方式，比如轴承、套环等等，铰接点可以多处；基架还可以在倾斜方向上导向移动；连接件还可以连接在漂浮体以外的其他部件上；漂浮体还可以为实心(轻质材料)、壳形、软袋形等结构。在其他实施例中，发电机以及与之配合的机构还可以设置在漂浮体的底部，这样发电单元的重心处于其下部位置处，增强稳定性，使发电单元向不倒翁一样更加不容易发生倾翻。
本发明的波浪发电机组的实施例1，如图13所示，波浪发电机组包括多个波浪发电单元10，多个发电单元支架采用软连接结构的连接件41活动连接，以使波浪发电单元10活动更加灵活，本实施例中连接件41为弹簧，利用弹簧的伸缩性满足发电单元之间的位移要求，通过弹簧的弹性作用力提供的缓冲作用，实现对发电单元之间拉扯、撞击作用力的缓冲。在其他实施例中，连接件41也可替换为铰链、活动链条、钢索等活动铰接部件，也可替换为伸缩软体、伸缩筒等，采用伸缩筒是需要通过铰接方式与伸缩筒连接，发电单元有4个，依次串连在一起，呈蛇形分布，每个发电单元发电的电路可以串联或并联连接，并最终通过电线导出，电能经现有技术的整流装置和汇流装置等处理后即可进行后续利用，整流和后续电能的处理为现有技术，不再赘述。在其他实施例中，发电单元连接方式可以是并联为两路或多路，或者首尾连接为圆形。
波浪发电装置的各发电单元相连后，通过连接在首尾的四条拉线24及拉线端部的锚26将发电装置相对陆地限位，波浪发电装置的前、后两端的拉线均有两条，且两条拉线分别从左、右两个方向对其拉拽，通过前后左右四个方向的拉拽，不仅使发电装置不容易随漩涡旋转，还加强了拉线的整体牵引强度。在其他实施例中，当发电装置位于岸边时，也可通过将拉线拴在岸边的拴柱上的方式对发电装置限位，当然，也可不设置拉线，而是通过在水面上设置限位浮标的方式将发电装置圈在一定区域内；拉线与发电单元的连接位置可以根据需要灵活调整，拉线的数量也可根据需要调整，可设置多根拉线以提高拉线的连接强度，也可仅在两端各设置一根拉线，当然在拉线强度足够情况下可仅设置一根。
拉线上串连有拉绳弹簧25，以起到缓冲和延长拉线的作用。在其他实施例中，拉绳弹簧串接在拉线上的位置可自由调整，甚至可以不设置拉绳弹簧，此时拉线应采用具有弹性的材质制成。拉线的长度应不小于海底到最大涨潮水面的距离，以保证涨潮时拉线的长度足够长。
本发明的波浪发电机组的实施例2，如图14所示，在本实施例中，波浪发电单元10两两成对通过连接杆42固定连接在一起，当然也可以通过其他件固连在一起，相邻两对波浪发电单元10通过连接件41连接，本实施例中连接件41为弹簧，利用弹簧的伸缩性满足发电单元之间的位移要求，通过弹簧的弹性作用力提供的缓冲作用，实现对发电单元之间拉扯、撞击作用力的缓冲。在其他实施例中，连接件41也可替换为铰链、活动链条、钢索等活动铰接部件，也可替换为伸缩软体、伸缩筒等，采用伸缩筒是需要通过铰接方式与伸缩筒连接。本实施例中的的波浪发电单元中的重锤在工作时要处于下部位置，如果每个波浪发电单元均活动连接很容易在随波浪摆动时发生翻转倒扣在海面上，漂浮体的底部朝上，这样重锤就无法摆动工作，而本实施例中的波浪发电单元10两两成对固连在一起后，能够限制波浪发电单元10随波浪摆动的角度，避免波浪发电单元发生翻转，其他与实施例1相同，不再赘述。
本发明的波浪发电机组在使用时：多个发电单元串联或并联在一起，连接处采用软连接，各个发电单元的所产生的电能经整流器等处理后通过导线并联或串联方式导流至一端的电线，并随电线导出；多个发电单元通过拉线拴在岸边或通过拉线和锚定位在海上，在波浪无休止的运动下持续发电；当水位上涨或发电装 置随波漂流时，会对拉线进行拉扯，由于拉线的长度设置较长且拉线上串连有弹簧，可对拉力有一定缓冲作用，提高拉线使用寿命。
上述的各种实施例中，在发电机为旋转发电机时，还可以在位于传动件和发电机之间的传动路径上设置增速齿轮组，以提高旋转发电机的转速，增大发电量。
上述实施例中的波浪发电单元与上述波浪发电装置的各个实施例中的波浪发电单元的结构相同，不再赘述。
本发明的波浪发电单元的实施例，所述波浪发电单元上述波浪发电装置的各个实施例中的波浪发电单元的结构相同，不再赘述。

Claims (37)

  1. 波浪发电单元，其特征在于：包括能够在波浪的推动下随波浪摆动的漂浮体，所述漂浮体上设有至少一个发电机构，所述发电机构包括相对转动装配在漂浮体上的摆杆，所述摆杆的下端固连有重物，所述摆杆的上端铰接连接有传动件，所述发电机构还包括发电机和铰接连接在所述漂浮体上的摆动件，所述传动件与所述摆动件导向移动配合以使漂浮体相对于摆杆摆动时所述摆杆能够将摆杆的摆动转化为传动件相对于摆动件的直线运动，并驱动发电机工作发电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：所述发电机构设有两个且相对布置。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：所述漂浮体上安装有封闭壳体，所述发电机构安装在所述封闭壳体中。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：所述漂浮体具有封闭的内腔，所述发电机构安装在所述漂浮体的内腔中。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：所述漂浮体的形状为月牙形。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：所述摆动件为中空结构，所述传动件导向移动安装在摆动件的内腔中构成活塞机构，所述活塞机构通过管路连接有液压马达或者气动马达，所述发电机为与液压马达或者气动马达传动连接的旋转发电机，所述活塞机构能够在漂浮体相对于摆杆的摆动运动的带动下驱动液压马达或者气动马达转动并带动旋转发电机工作发电。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：所述发电机为直线发电机或者压电发电机，所述传动件相对与所述摆动件直线运动时直接驱动直线发电机或者压电发电机工作发电。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：所述发电机为旋转发电机，旋转发电机通过传动机构与所述传动件传动连接，所述传动机构能够将传动件相对于摆动件的直线运动转化为旋转发电机的旋转运动以驱动旋转发电机工作发电。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：所述传动机构包括超越离合器以及与超越离合器传动连接的传动条，超越离合器能够带动旋转发电机的输入轴转动。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：所述传动条为齿条，超越离合器通过超越离合器上设置的齿轮与传动条传动连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：所述传动条为齿条，超越离合器通过超越离合器上设置的齿轮与传动条传动连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：所述旋转发电机的输入轴上连接有飞轮。
  13. 根据权利要求1或2所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：漂浮体内设有与重物的摆动轨迹相对应而在重物摆动过程中提供支撑的支撑轨道。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：重物在摆动过程中与支撑轨道滑动配合。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：摆杆绕不变的转动轴线转动安装在漂浮体内，支撑轨道与重物在转动轴线的延伸方向上挡止配合。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：所述重物为球状，支撑轨道的支撑面为与球状重物的下侧面适配的环形弧面。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的波浪发电单元，其特征在于：重物或轨道上在两者相对配合的位置设有用于减小摩擦的滚动体，支撑轨道通过滚动体对重物进行支撑。
  18. 波浪发电装置，其特征在于：包括与陆地相对固定的架体，所述架体上铰接安装有至少一个如权利要求1～17任意一项所述的波浪发电单元。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的波浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述架体包括固定在陆地上的基架以及沿竖直方向导向移动装配在所述基架上的安装架，所述波浪发电单元铰接安装在所述安装架上。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的波浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述架体包括漂浮在水面上的漂浮基架，所述漂浮基架上连接有拉线，拉线的另一端与陆地相对固定，所述波浪发电单元铰接安装在所述漂浮基架上。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的波浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述拉线的一端通过 锚固定于海底。
  22. 根据权利要求20或21所述的波浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述漂浮基架包括框架和设在框架上的支撑浮体，框架上设有供漂浮体铰接的横梁。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的波浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述框架为柔性框架。
  24. 根据权利要求20或21所述的波浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述漂浮基架上设有用于限制所述波浪发电单元的漂浮体摆动角度的限位结构。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的波浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述限位结构为间隔相对设置在所述漂浮体的两侧的限位梁。
  26. 根据权利要求20所述的波浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述安装杆沿竖直方向导向移动装配在所述漂浮基架上。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的波浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述安装杆的上方或下方设有对漂浮体的摆动范围进行限位的限位杆。
  28. 波浪发电机组，其特征在于：包括至少两个相互连接的波浪发电单元，所述波浪发电单元为如权利要求1～17任意一项所述的波浪发电单元。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的波浪发电机组，其特征在于：相邻两个波浪发电单元之间活动连接。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的波浪发电机组，其特征在于：相邻两个波浪发电单元通过连接件活动连接。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的波浪发电机组，其特征在于：所述连接件能够伸缩。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的波浪发电机组，其特征在于：所述连接件为弹簧。
  33. 根据权利要求28～32中任意一项所述的波浪发电机组，其特征在于：所述波浪发电机组还包括一端与所述波浪发电单元连接、另一端与陆地相对固定的拉线。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的波浪发电机组，其特征在于：所述拉线通过锚固定于海底。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的波浪发电机组，其特征在于：所述波浪发电机组的两端均连接有拉线，拉线分别从前、后两个方向对其拉拽。
  36. 根据权利要求28所述的波浪发电机组，其特征在于：所述波浪发电单元两两成对固连，相邻两对波浪发电单元之间活动连接。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的波浪发电机组，其特征在于：所述波浪发电单元两两成对通过连接杆固连。
PCT/CN2018/092508 2017-04-28 2018-06-22 波浪发电单元、波浪发电装置及波浪发电机组 WO2018196884A1 (zh)

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