WO2018196456A1 - 一种热电联合优化调度模型的建模方法 - Google Patents
一种热电联合优化调度模型的建模方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018196456A1 WO2018196456A1 PCT/CN2018/074413 CN2018074413W WO2018196456A1 WO 2018196456 A1 WO2018196456 A1 WO 2018196456A1 CN 2018074413 W CN2018074413 W CN 2018074413W WO 2018196456 A1 WO2018196456 A1 WO 2018196456A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
- H02J3/46—Controlling the sharing of generated power between the generators, sources or networks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D12/00—Other central heating systems
- F24D12/02—Other central heating systems having more than one heat source
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/02—Hot-water central heating systems with forced circulation, e.g. by pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
- F24D3/1058—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system disposition of pipes and pipe connections
- F24D3/1066—Distributors for heating liquids
- F24D3/1075—Built up from modules
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
- F24H15/414—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B17/00—Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems
- G05B17/02—Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems electric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/08—Electric heater
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/15—Wind energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/32—Heat sources or energy sources involving multiple heat sources in combination or as alternative heat sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2103/00—Details of circuit arrangements for mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2103/30—Simulating, planning, modelling, reliability check or computer assisted design [CAD] of electric power networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of joint economic dispatching of a power system and a thermal system, and particularly relates to a modeling method of a combined heat and power scheduling model.
- Wind energy is the renewable energy source of the world's largest commercial development potential.
- Large-scale development and utilization of wind power generation has become an effective measure for countries around the world to solve energy problems and environmental problems, improve energy structure, and ensure the sustainable development of the national economy.
- Jilin province has abundant reserves of renewable energy and has the conditions to build a national clean energy base.
- the installed capacity of wind power is 54 million kilowatts, which is one of the 9 million kilowatt wind power wind power bases determined by the state.
- the present invention provides a modeling method for a combined heat and power scheduling model.
- a modeling method of a combined heat and power scheduling model is a mixed integer programming model for a district heating system including a heat source, a heat grid, and a heat load
- the heat network includes a heat transfer network and a heat distribution network
- the modeling method includes the following steps:
- Step 1 divide a plurality of heating zones according to the distance between the heat load and the heat source, and divide the day into a plurality of time periods;
- Step 2 omitting the heat transmission loss of the heat distribution network, and establishing a heat transfer network model considering the heat network transmission delay according to the heat transfer network;
- Step 3 Establish a terminal thermal user model capable of reflecting the indoor temperature according to the heat load
- Step 4 Establish a joint optimization scheduling model including conventional units, wind turbines, cogeneration units, electric boilers, and heat storage tanks according to the heat source.
- the heat load node is no longer regarded as a simple load node, but a thermal load demand node calculated according to the ambient temperature, making full use of the thermal inertia of the building to maintain the indoor temperature, and participating in the peak adjustment of heating and power supply. .
- the thermal network model and grid power flow constraints constructed by this method are linear in nature.
- the whole optimization model is mixed integer programming, and most existing optimization software can quickly solve such problems.
- the invention provides an important guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the system, reduces the burning of fossil fuels, improves the system's ability to absorb wind power, and has certain social and economic benefits.
- Figure 1 is a heat network structure diagram
- Figure 2(a) is an average room temperature curve using a conventional modeling method
- Figure 2 (b) is an average indoor temperature change curve of a modeling method using a thermoelectric joint optimization scheduling model
- Figure 3 (a) is a comparison chart of the total heat output of the heat source
- Figure 3 (b) is a comparative diagram of wind power consumption
- Figure 3 (c) is a comparison chart of the output of the cogeneration unit 2;
- Figure 3 (d) is a comparison diagram of the power generation of the conventional unit 1 and the conventional unit 2;
- Figure 4 (a) shows three intra-day ambient temperature curves
- Figure 4 (b) is a wind power prediction curve when the temperature is respectively Figure 4 (a);
- Figure 5 (a) shows the effect of initial heat storage of the heat storage tank on wind power consumption
- Figure 5(b) shows the effect of charging/discharging power on wind power consumption.
- a modeling method for a combined heat and power scheduling model characterized in that the combined heat and power scheduling model is a mixed integer programming model for a district heating system, the district heating system including a heat source, a heat network, and a heat Load, the heat network comprises a heat transfer network (primary heat network) and a heat distribution network (secondary heat network), and the primary heat network is as shown in Fig. 1.
- the circle in the figure represents a heat exchange station, and the rectangle represents a secondary heat. network.
- the modeling method includes the following steps:
- Step 1 Divide a plurality of heating zones according to the distance between the heat load and the heat source, and divide the day into a plurality of time periods.
- Step 2 Omit the heat transmission loss of the heat distribution network, and establish a heat transfer network model considering the heat network transmission delay according to the heat transfer network.
- the heat loss in each heating zone is calculated separately, and the sink node model of the heat transfer network is established to describe the steady heat transfer model of the entire heat transfer network.
- L is the unit pipe length
- v is the water flow velocity
- ⁇ t is the scheduling time interval
- the thermal resistance R e of the soil can be calculated by the formula (2).
- the temperature loss of the hot water in the pipeline within a certain length can be calculated according to formulas (3) and (4):
- R e is the thermal resistance of the soil
- h represents the distance from the center of the heating pipe to the soil surface
- ⁇ e is the soil thermal conductivity coefficient
- ⁇ r is the heat transfer of the soil surface
- d in and d ex represent the inner and outer diameters of the pipe, respectively
- ⁇ represents the additional factor of heat loss caused by the attachment
- ⁇ b represents the thermal conductivity of the insulating material on the surface of the pipe
- c water represents the specific heat capacity of the water.
- k.end represents the last heating zone, Indicates the flow of hot water through the kth heat exchange station
- H t,k is the heat exchange power of the heat exchange station
- ⁇ R,k is the lower limit of the return water temperature of the kth heat exchange station
- It is the upper limit of the return water temperature of the kth heat exchange station.
- Step 3 Establish a terminal thermal user model that reflects the indoor temperature based on the thermal load.
- Thermal inertia can be stored in indoor air, doors and windows and furniture.
- the thermal inertia of the building can reduce the heating peak and reduce the rate of change of the indoor temperature. With this thermal inertia, the peak adjustment of heating and power supply can be realized, thereby promoting the consumption of wind power.
- Heat loss for the building envelope With The house height correction factor and the house orientation correction factor in the kth heat load zone, A k represents the building envelope area of the kth heat load zone, and F e,k represents the house of the kth heat load zone.
- Heat transfer coefficient of the envelope structure Indicates the average indoor temperature at the kth heat load region at time t, Indicates the outdoor temperature at the kth heat load region at time t, with Respectively represent the lowest average indoor temperature and the highest average indoor temperature, ⁇ ch represents the average indoor temperature change rate per unit scheduling time, ⁇ represents the set of scheduling moments, and K represents the heat load heating zone set;
- cold air intrusion heat loss
- Ven represents the amount of cold air intrusion per hour
- the air temperature in the building is consistent and can be used Description; the thermal mass temperature distribution of the building is balanced, which means that the thermal diffusion process on the surface of the thermal mass is much faster than the convective heat transfer; all the heat obtained in the building unit time can be Unified representation;
- H t,k is the average indoor temperature
- C M is the specific heat capacity of the thermal mass
- M k is the mass of the thermal mass in the kth heat load region
- the product of C M and M k can be obtained through engineering experiments.
- Step 4 Establish a joint optimization scheduling model including conventional units, wind turbines, cogeneration units, electric boilers, and heat storage tanks according to the heat source.
- the ultimate goal of building a heat network model and a regional heat user model is to eliminate wind power and reduce the burning of fossil fuels. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a joint optimization scheduling model including various power supply and heating equipment to verify the effectiveness and practicability of the built heat network model and thermal user model.
- I CHP represents the numbered set of cogeneration units
- BH u,t represents the heating power of the electric boiler u at time t
- BP u,t represents the electric power consumed by the electric boiler
- ⁇ represents the thermal efficiency of the electric boiler.
- U denotes the number set of the electric boiler
- ⁇ denotes the set of scheduling times
- S w,t represents the heat storage capacity of the heat storage tank w at time t
- CS w,t represents the heating power of the heat storage tank w at time t
- DCS w,t represents the heat release power of the heat storage tank w at time t
- f w,t is used to indicate the state of the heat storage tank, 0 means that the heat storage tank is emitting heat, and 1 means that the heat storage tank is storing heat.
- I CG , I WP and I Load represent the conventional unit number, the wind farm number and the number of the electric load node, respectively, and LD n,t represents the load power at time t connected to the n-th bus;
- Rup i and rdown i respectively represent the maximum upward climbing rate and downward climbing rate of the unit, and ⁇ t is the scheduling time interval;
- SR up and SR down represent the maximum upward rotation reserve constraint and downward rotation reserve constraint required by the system, respectively;
- SF l,n represents the transfer factor from bus n to line 1
- F l represents the maximum transmission capacity of line 1
- I Line represents the set of line numbers
- the parameters used in the modeling process can be obtained by the prior art.
- thermoelectric joint optimization scheduling model is constructed by multiple sub-models, and its essence is a mixed integer programming model.
- the heating system of the embodiment adopts the district heating system of a city in northeastern China. In order to match the capacity of the power supply and the heating unit, the power system partially extracts some of the province's units and some of the actual operating grid data.
- Table 1 shows the equipment information of all the scheduled dispatches, including the equipment information of the conventional unit 1, the conventional unit 2, the cogeneration unit 1, and the cogeneration unit 2.
- Table 2 shows all the basic parameters used in this study.
- the program was written by the Yalmip language on the Matlab R2014b platform, and the Cplex solver was used to solve the mixed integer programming problem built by the program.
- the system power flow constraint, the pressure loss of the heating pipe network and the heat storage tank are not considered. Since the hot water transmission time is much longer than the power transmission time, the farther the heat load area needs to consider the hot water transmission delay.
- the heat network delay is not taken into account, and the output power of the heat source is always in accordance with the heat load, which causes the time period during which the heat load peaks to coincide with the electrical load, in order to ensure the user's demand. Putting the device in an overloaded state can easily lead to system failure.
- the thermal load balancing constraints are represented by equations (39)-(40).
- the heat load region is divided into four sections, and Figure 2 shows the variation of the average indoor temperature after using the conventional model and the model proposed by the present invention, respectively, and the two horizontal dashed lines in the figure respectively indicate Upper temperature limit and lower temperature limit. It can be seen from the figure that the farther away from the heat source, the greater the fluctuation of the average indoor temperature. Even in the farthest area, the maximum indoor room temperature exceeds the maximum allowable temperature. This can cause some hot users to open the window due to excessive room temperature, which will result in a waste of some resources. In actual situations, the indoor temperature of hot users far from the heat source will be relatively low, so heating companies are often complained. Fortunately, due to the thermal inertia of the building, the indoor temperature of the hot user fluctuates within an acceptable range most of the time.
- Figure 3 shows the optimization results using the conventional optimized scheduling model and the optimization model proposed by the present invention.
- the oblique line filling portion in Fig. 3(a) indicates the heat source heat output adjustment
- the oblique line filling portion in Fig. 3(b) indicates For wind power with multiple consumption
- the oblique line filling portion in Fig. 3(c) indicates the electric power output adjustment of the heating unit
- the oblique line filling portion in Fig. 3(d) indicates the power system rotation reserve capacity.
- the electric boiler always operates at maximum power.
- the optimization results show that the power generation cost of the traditional optimized scheduling model is $149 120, and the optimal scheduling result proposed by the present invention is $142,470.
- the optimization model proposed by the invention can consume 270 MWh of wind power in one day, which is due to the wrong peak adjustment, which makes the cogeneration unit more flexible.
- the heat source no longer urgently follows the fluctuation of the heat load, but fully utilizes the range of variation of the indoor temperature. This change can reduce the heat output of the cogeneration unit and reduce the electric output of the cogeneration unit, thus freeing up more space to absorb wind power.
- a large-scale heat storage tank to be completed at the end of 2017 is considered in the optimized scheduling model proposed by the present invention.
- the analysis of the example shows the influence of the relevant parameters of the heat storage tank on wind power consumption.
- Figure 4 shows three ambient temperature changes and wind power prediction curves for different ambient temperatures.
- Figure 5 shows the effect of the initial heat storage of the heat storage tank and the charge/discharge heat power on the wind power consumption.
- the initial heat storage of the heat storage tank can increase the wind power consumption rate.
- the optimized model has no feasible solution when the initial capacity is less than 300 MWh and the ambient temperature follows T3 because the heat source cannot provide the most basic heat supply to the thermal user.
- the initial capacity is increased above 1100 MWh, the amount of wind power consumption is no longer increased. This is because the heat reserve capacity is sufficient to cope with the fluctuation of heat demand within one day. The larger capacity will only increase the initial investment cost, and will no longer promote the wind power consumption.
- a larger charge/discharge power is beneficial to reduce the amount of wind.
- the charging power is greater than 100 MW and the heat release power is greater than 450 MW
- further improvement in charging/discharging power does not support the consumption of wind power. This is because even though the heating system provides sufficient space for the consumption of wind power, since the system must have a certain rotating reserve capacity, the conventional unit cannot further reduce its electric output, so the wind power cannot be further absorbed.
- This embodiment shows that although the coupling relationship of thermoelectric joint optimization scheduling is still not completely decoupled, the heat storage tank can greatly relax the coupling relationship between heating and power supply.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (6)
- 一种热电联合优化调度模型的建模方法,其特征在于,所述热电联合优化调度模型是一个混合整数规划模型,用于区域供热系统,所述区域供热系统包括热源、热网和热负荷,所述热网包括输热网和配热网,建模方法包括以下步骤:步骤一:根据热负荷与热源的距离划分出多个供热区,并将一天划分为多个时段;步骤二:省略配热网的热传输损耗,根据输热网建立考虑热网传输延时的输热网模型;步骤三:根据热负荷建立能够反映室内温度的终端热用户模型;步骤四:根据热源建立包含常规机组、风电机组、热电联产机组、电锅炉和储热罐在内的联合优化调度模型。
- 根据权利要求1所述的热电联合优化调度模型的建模方法,其特征在于,所述步骤一中建立输热网模型的方法为:分别计算各供热区各时段内的热量损耗,建立输热网的汇流节点模型,描述整个输热网的稳态热力传输模型。
- 根据权利要求2所述的热电联合优化调度模型的建模方法,其特征在于,所述步骤一中建立输热网模型的方法为:根据水流速度和调度时间间隔计算单位管道长度:L=v·Δt式中,L为单位管道长度,v为水流速度,Δt为调度时间间隔;(1)根据热传递的基本原理,计算土壤的热阻以及单位管道长度内的热水的温度损耗:式中,R e为土壤的热阻, 表示在第k个供热区第t个时段内的供水网络的温度损耗, 表示在第k个供热区第t个时段内的回水网络的温度损耗,h代表供热管道的中心到土壤表面的距离,λ e为土壤热导系数,α r为土壤表面的热量传输系数,d in和d ex分别表示管道的内径和外径,β代表由附件造成的热损耗的附加因子,λ b代表管道表面绝热材料的热导,c water代表水的比热容, 表 示t时刻的土壤表面温度, 和 分别代表在第k个供热区中t时刻的供水管道与回水管道中的热水质流量, 和 分别代表在K区域t时刻的供水管道与回水管网的水温,Γ表示调度时刻集合,K代表热负荷供热区集合;(2)考虑延时的节点质流量连续性约束:(3)汇流节点处的水温:(4)相邻供热区管内热水温度损耗:(5)管道流量限制:(6)压力损失:(7)换热站热交换功率:
- 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的热电联合优化调度模型的建模方法,其特征在于,所述步骤三中建立终端热用户模型的方法为:省略配热网的热传输损耗,换热站从所述输热网吸收的热量,就是传输给用户侧的热量,根据热力工程分别计算供暖区中的房屋的围护结构热损耗、冷风侵入热损耗和冷风渗透热损耗,得到一片供暖区内的平均室内温度,从而衡量用户的热舒适度。
- 根据权利要求4所述的热电联合优化调度模型的建模方法,其特征在于,供暖区内的平均室内温度为:(1)围护机构热损耗由于真正的热传递过程十分复杂,包括对流、传导和辐射,为了简化热传递过程,在这里只采用稳态环境下的热损耗计算公式求解建筑物的围护结构热损耗:式中, 为建筑物的围护结构热损耗, 和 分别是在第k个热负荷区的房屋高度修正系数和房屋朝向修正系数,A k代表第k个热负荷区的建筑物围护结构面积,F e,k表示第k个热负荷区域的房屋围护结构的热传递系数, 表示t时刻在第k个热负荷区域的平均室内温度, 表示表示t时刻在第k个热负荷区域的室外温度, 和 分别表示最低平均室内温度和最高平均室内温度, θ ch表示单位调度时间内的平均室内温度最大变化率,Γ表示调度时刻集合,K代表热负荷供热区集合;(2)冷风渗透热损耗在风力和热压造成的室内外压差作用下,室外的冷风空气通过门、窗等缝隙渗入室内,被加热后逸出,把这部分冷空气从室外温度加热到室内温度所消耗的热量,成为冷风渗透热损耗:(3)冷风侵入热损耗在冬季受风压和热压的作用下,冷空气又开启的外门入侵室内,把这部分冷空气加热到室内温度所消耗的热量称为冷风侵入热损耗:(4)可表征建筑热惯性的平均室内温度的计算为了简化计算,做出如下假设:建筑物内的空气温度是一致的,且可以用 描述;建筑物的热质温度分布是均衡的,这就意味着在热质的表面热扩散过程速度远大于对流换热;建筑物单位时间内得到的全部热量都可以被 统一表示;基于以上假设,平均室内温度为:H t,k为平均室内温度,C M表示热质的比热容,M k表示在第k个热负荷区域内的热质的质量,C M与M k的乘积可以通过工程实验获得。
- 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的热电联合优化调度模型的建模方法,其特征在于,所述步骤四中建立联合优化调度模型的方法为:(1)热电联产机组模型p i,t为热电联产机组发电功率, 为热电联产机组发电功率上限, p i热电联产机组发电功率下限, 为热电联产机组的热电耦合特性因子,h i,t表示热电产机组的供热功率, 表示最大供热功率,I CHP表示热电联产机组的编号集合;(2)电锅炉模型(3)根据储热罐在一天的充放热总量是相同的建立储热罐模型S w,t表示储热罐w在t时刻的储热量,CS w,t表示储热罐w在t时刻的充热功率,DCS w,t表示储热罐w在t时刻的放热功率,f w,t用来表示储热罐的状态,0表示储热罐正在放热,1表示储热罐正在蓄热, 表示储热罐w的最大储热能力, 表示储热罐的最大蓄热功率, 表示储热罐w的最大放热功率,W表示储热罐编号的集合;(4)电功率平衡I CG、I WP和I Load分别代表常规机组编号、风电场编号以及电负荷节点的编号, LD n,t表示接在n号母线上的在t时刻的负荷功率;(5)热功率约束(6)机组爬坡速率约束rup i和rdown i分别表示机组的最大向上爬坡速率和向下爬坡速率,Δt为调度时间间隔;(7)系统旋转储备约束SR up和SR down分别表示系统所要求的最大向上旋转储备约束和向下旋转储备约束;(8)系统潮流约束
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US20180356105A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 |
| CN106998079A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
| US10982861B2 (en) | 2021-04-20 |
| CN106998079B (zh) | 2020-05-05 |
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