WO2018193510A1 - Contra-rotating propeller device and ship using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The boss of a front propeller (2a) is fixed to a propeller shaft (5), and the boss of a rear propeller (2b) is supported by the propeller shaft (5) so as to be freely rotatable about the axis (Z-Z) of the propeller shaft (5). A reversal mechanism (10) has a contra-rotating gear device (20) and a reverse torque fixing device (40). The contra-rotating gear device (20) is accommodated in the boss of the rear propeller (2b) and reverses the rotation direction of the propeller shaft (5) to drive the rear propeller (2b). Furthermore, the contra-rotating gear device (20) is supported by the propeller shaft (5) so as to be rotatable about the axis (Z-Z). The reverse torque fixing device (40) supports a portion (carrier 30) of the contra-rotating gear device (20) and resists reverse torque about the axis (Z-Z).

Description

Counter-rotating propeller device and ship using the same

The present invention relates to a contra-rotating propeller device in which two propellers (screws) are arranged coaxially and rotate in opposite directions to each other, and a ship using the same.

Marine contra-rotating propeller devices can be broadly classified into two-axis drive systems and one-axis drive systems. In the two-axis drive system, the front propeller and the rear propeller are driven by two concentric axes. In the single-axis drive system, a reversing mechanism is provided between the front propeller and the rear propeller, and both propellers are driven by one axis.
The 1-axis drive system can be further divided into a “1-axis rear propeller drive system” in which the rear propeller is directly connected to the propeller shaft and a “1-axis front propeller drive system” in which the front propeller is directly connected to the propeller shaft. it can.

Compared with other drive systems, the single reversing propeller type counter-rotating propeller device does not require a large reversing mechanism (double-shaft structure, counter-rotating gear device, sleeve shaft joint, etc.) in the engine room. There is an advantage that simplification and weight reduction of the apparatus can be achieved.
For example, Patent Documents 1 to 3 have been proposed as such a one-axis front propeller drive type contra-rotating propeller device.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-95397 Japanese Patent No. 5330382 JP 2004-306947 A

The conventional one-axis front propeller drive type counter-rotating propeller device described above includes a reversing mechanism in the ladder horn located behind the propeller, and an external force (reversing torque) acting on the rear propeller via the reversing mechanism. It is transmitted to the ladder horn, and a part of the load of the reversing mechanism is supported by the ladder horn.
Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the reversing mechanism fixing portion of the ladder horn that fixes the reversing mechanism, and the rudder horn becomes larger in size, which may adversely affect the propulsion performance of the ship.

In addition, the reversing mechanism must be firmly fixed to the ladder horn, and it is difficult to absorb misalignment between the propeller shaft and the reversing mechanism, and the reversing gear device may be damaged in a short period of time due to misalignment and chattering. was there.

Also, since it was necessary to change the ladder horn significantly, it was difficult to replace the in-service ship's 1-axis propulsion system with a 1-axis drive type counter-rotating propeller device.

The present invention has been created to solve the above-described problems. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a contra-rotating propeller device capable of preventing misalignment between the propeller shaft and the reversing mechanism and reducing the size of the reversing mechanism without increasing the size of the ladder horn, and a ship using the same. There is to do.

According to the present invention, there is provided a contra-rotating propeller device that includes a reversing mechanism at a rear portion of the front propeller, and drives the front propeller with a single propeller shaft,
A boss of the front propeller is fixed to the propeller shaft;
The boss of the rear propeller is supported on the propeller shaft so as to be freely rotatable around its axis.
The reversing mechanism has a counter rotating gear device that is housed in a boss of the rear propeller and reverses the rotation direction of the propeller shaft to drive the rear propeller, and the counter rotating gear device includes the propeller shaft. Is supported rotatably about the axis,
Furthermore, there is provided a counter rotating propeller device that includes a counter torque fixing device that supports a part of the counter rotating gear device and resists the counter torque around the axis.

Further, according to the present invention, a ship provided with the above contra-rotating propeller device is provided.

According to the present invention, since the counter rotating gear device is accommodated in the boss of the rear propeller, the reversing mechanism can be miniaturized.

Further, since the rear propeller and the counter-rotating gear device are supported by the propeller shaft so as to be rotatable about its axis, the radial and thrust external forces acting on them can be supported by the propeller shaft, and Misalignment between the propeller shaft and the reversing mechanism can be essentially prevented.

Therefore, the external torque acting on the reverse torque fixing device through a part of the counter rotating gear device is a mechanism that receives only the reverse torque centered on the shaft center, so that the reverse torque fixing device is in the radial direction and the thrust direction. No external force. Thereby, the reverse torque fixing device that resists the reverse torque can be reduced in size, and the ladder horn can be prevented from being increased in size.

It is explanatory drawing of the ship provided with the contra-rotating propeller apparatus of 1st Embodiment by this invention. It is a principal part enlarged view of FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the reversing mechanism of FIG. 2. It is explanatory drawing of the ship provided with the contra-rotating propeller apparatus of 2nd Embodiment by this invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the common part in each figure, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a ship 1 provided with a contra-rotating propeller device 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

In this figure, 1 is a ship, 1a is a stern, 1b is a bottom, 1c is a double floor, 2a is a front propeller, 2b is a rear propeller, 3 is a stern tube, 4a and 4b are stern tube bearings, 5 is a propeller shaft, 6 is an intermediate shaft, 7 is an intermediate bearing, 8 is a rudder horn, and 9 is a rudder plate.
The propeller shaft 5, the intermediate shaft 6, and the main engine output shaft (not shown) rotate around an axis ZZ extending in the horizontal direction. The axis ZZ is not limited to the horizontal axis, and may be an inclined axis inclined with respect to the horizontal.

In FIG. 1, a contra-rotating propeller device 100 is a one-axis front propeller drive type device that includes a reversing mechanism 10 between a front propeller 2a and a rear propeller 2b, and drives the front propeller 2a with a single-axis propeller shaft 5. is there.

In FIG. 1, the boss of the front propeller 2a (hereinafter referred to as “front propeller labs 11”) is fixed to the end portion of the propeller shaft 5 and rotates integrally therewith.
In this example, the front propeller 2a is attached to the propeller shaft 5 in a keyless manner. The shaft system in front of the front propeller 2a is the same as that of a conventional ship that does not include the contra-rotating propeller as described above. That is, the front propeller 2a is driven by the intermediate shaft 6 driven by the main machine and supported by the intermediate bearing 7, and by the propeller shaft 5 supported by the rear stern tube bearings 4a and 4b.
The stern tube bearings 4a and 4b are lubricated by lubricating oil circulating in the stern tube, and the lubricating oil is sealed in a liquid-tight manner by stern tube sealing devices 4c and 4d.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG.

In this figure, the rear propeller shaft 14 is coaxially fixed to the rear end of the propeller shaft 5 by a rear propeller mounting bolt (not shown). The propeller shaft 5 and the rear propeller shaft 14 may be integrated.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the reversing mechanism 10 of FIG.
A boss (hereinafter referred to as “rear propeller labs 12”) of the rear propeller 2b is supported on the propeller shaft 5 via the rear propeller shaft 14 so as to be freely rotatable about its axis ZZ.

In this example, the rear propeller 2b is supported on the rear propeller shaft 14 by front and rear bearings 21a and 21b so as to be freely rotatable.
The front bearing 21 a is, for example, a thrust roller bearing, and transmits the thrust during advance to the propeller shaft 5 via the rear propeller shaft 14. The rear bearing 21b is, for example, a self-aligning roller bearing, and transmits a radial load acting on the rear propeller 2b and a thrust load during reverse travel to the propeller shaft 5 via the rear propeller shaft 14.

With the above-described configuration, the radial and thrust external forces acting on the rear propeller 2 b are supported by the propeller shaft 5 via the rear propeller shaft 14.

3, the reversing mechanism 10 includes a counter rotating gear device 20 and a reversing torque fixing device 40.

The counter-rotating gear device 20 is accommodated in the boss (rear propeller labs 12) of the rear propeller 2b (hereinafter referred to as “inside the boss”) and is reversed with respect to the rotation direction of the propeller shaft 5 (ie, the rear propeller shaft 14) Then, the rear propeller 2b is driven.
The reverse torque fixing device 40 supports a part of the counter-rotating gear device 20 (a carrier 30 described later), resists the reverse torque around the axis ZZ without rotating, and attenuates the vibration. . The “reverse torque” means a rotational torque in the direction opposite to the propeller shaft 5 acting on the carrier 30.

In this example, the counter rotating gear device 20 is a planetary gear device, and includes a single sun gear 22, a plurality of planetary gears 24, a single ring gear 26, and a carrier 30.

The sun gear 22 is fixed to the rear propeller shaft 14 via an adapter sleeve 22a in consideration of maintenance, and rotates in the same direction at the same speed as the propeller shaft 5 about the axis ZZ.

The plurality of planetary gears 24 are supported by a single carrier 30 so as to be rotatable about respective axes.

With the above-described configuration, the radial and thrust external forces acting on the sun gear 22 are supported by the propeller shaft 5 via the rear propeller shaft 14.

In this example, the carrier 30 supports the rotation shafts 24 a of the plurality of planetary gears 24 (hereinafter “planet rotation shafts 24 a”) so as not to rotate about the axis ZZ of the propeller shaft 5.
The carrier 30 is supported by the propeller shaft 5 via a bearing 32 so as to be rotatable about the axis ZZ. The bearing 32 is preferably a sliding bearing, but may be other bearings.
The carrier 30 is positioned in the axial ZZ direction by the bearing 33 and the sun gear 22. The bearing 33 is preferably a sliding bearing, but may be other bearings.

With the configuration described above, the external force in the radial direction acting on the carrier 30 is supported by the propeller shaft 5 via the rear propeller shaft 14, and the external force in the thrust direction is supported by the propeller shaft 5 via the sun gear 22 and the rear propeller shaft 14.

The ring gear 26 is fixed in the boss of the rear propeller 2b. In this example, an internal gear 27 is provided between the planetary gear 24 and the ring gear 26, and the driving force reversed by the planetary gear 24 is transmitted to the ring gear 26 via the internal gear 27, and the rear propeller. 2b is driven in the direction opposite to the propeller shaft 5.
By providing the internal gear 27, axial displacement can be absorbed. The internal gear 27 is not essential and may be omitted.

With the above-described configuration, the counter rotating gear device 20 is accommodated in the boss of the rear propeller 2b, the rotational speed of the rear propeller 2b is lower than that of the front propeller 2a, and the driving torque (reverse torque) acting on the carrier 30 is generated. Therefore, the reversing mechanism 10 can be made compact.
The speed ratio between the front propeller 2a and the rear propeller 2b can be arbitrarily set.

Further, the counter rotating gear device 20 of the present invention is not limited to the planetary gear device, and may be another gear device, for example, a counter rotating gear device using a bevel gear. Further, instead of the counter rotating gear device 20, a reversing mechanism using a hydraulic motor may be used.

In FIG. 3, 16 is a front seal device, and 17 is a rear seal device. The front seal device 16 seals the space between the rear propeller shaft 14 and the outside in a liquid-tight manner. The rear seal device 17 provides a fluid-tight seal between the carrier 30 and the outside.
In this example, the end face (left end in the figure) of the hollow hole of the carrier 30 is liquid-tightly closed by the reverse torque fixing device 40.

With the above-described configuration, the sun gear 22, the planetary gear 24, and the ring gear 26 constituting the counter rotating gear device 20 (planetary gear device) are the front sealing device 16, the rear sealing device 17, and the reverse torque fixing device 40. It is located in the space in a single boss that is liquid tightly closed.

In FIG. 3, 18a and 18b are rope guards, and 19 is a watertight reversing torque fixing device cover having a partially elastic structure. The rope guards 18a and 18b prevent a rope or the like from being wound around the inside thereof. The reverse torque fixing device cover 19 protects the damper device 44 (described later) from foreign substances.

In FIG. 3, the counter rotating gear device 20 includes a circulation pump 35 driven by the propeller shaft 5.
In this example, the counter rotating gear device 20 includes a gear 34 that is coaxially fixed to a rear end of the rear propeller shaft 14, a circulation pump 35 that is driven by the gear 34, an oil filter 36a, and a lubricating oil tank 36b.

With this configuration, the lubricating oil is stored in the boss of the rear propeller 2b, and the lubricating oil is supplied to the single boss inner space through the circulation pump 35 and the oil filter 36a using the driving force of the gear 34. A lubricating oil system can be formed.
Thereby, it becomes a simple lubricating oil system which eliminated the complicated piping to the engine room side.

With the configuration of the first embodiment described above, the sun gear 22 is fixed to the propeller shaft 5 via the adapter sleeve 22 a, and the radial and thrust external forces acting on the sun gear 22 are supported by the propeller shaft 5.
Further, the rear propeller 2b is supported on the rear propeller shaft 14 by bearings 21a and 21b so as to be freely rotatable, and the radial and thrust external forces acting on the rear propeller 2b are supported by the propeller shaft 5.
Further, the carrier 30 is supported by the propeller shaft 5 via the bearing 32 so as to be rotatable about the axis ZZ, and the external force acting on the carrier 30 in the radial direction and the thrust direction is supported by the propeller shaft 5.

Accordingly, the radial and thrust external forces acting on the rear propeller 2b and the counter rotating gear device 20 can be supported by the propeller shaft 5, and the misalignment between the propeller shaft 5 and the reversing mechanism 10 is essentially prevented. Can be prevented.

Further, the external force acting on the reverse torque fixing device 40 without rotating through the carrier 30 is only the reverse torque centered on the axis ZZ, and the reverse torque fixing device 40 has external forces in the radial direction and the thrust direction. Not receive. Thereby, the reverse torque fixing device 40 that resists the reverse torque can be reduced in size, and the ladder horn 8 can be prevented from being increased in size.

2, the reverse torque fixing device 40 is a damper device 44 fixed to the front surface of the strut 42 fixed to the ladder horn 8 on the stern side.

The strut 42 is a member that has an upper end detachably attached to the ladder horn 8 and extends downward. Moreover, it is preferable that the part which attaches the damper apparatus 44 of the strut 42 comprises the front half part 42a of a ladder valve, and forms the ladder valve together with the latter half part 9b of the ladder valve provided in the steering plate 9.

The damper device 44 is fixed without rotating. In this example, the damper device 44 is an elastic joint in which an elastic member 44c (for example, a rubber material) is fixed between the front and rear flanges 44a and 44b. The damper device 44 resists the reverse torque of the carrier 30 and stops its rotation, absorbs the misalignment by the elasticity of the elastic member 44c, and prevents chattering of the counter rotating gear device 20 due to torsional vibration.

The damper device 44 is not limited to this example, and may be another damper device (for example, a leaf spring type damper) that absorbs misalignment and prevents chattering.
When the influence of chattering of the counter rotating gear device 20 can be ignored (for example, when the torsional vibration of the main machine is small or when the propeller shaft 5 is driven by an electric motor instead of the main machine), the damper device 44 is used. Thus, a device (for example, gear coupling) having a function of restricting only the rotation direction may be used.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the ship 1 including the contra-rotating propeller device 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In this figure, the reverse torque fixing device 40 is a braking blade 46 having a plurality of blades 46a fixed to the carrier 30 and extending radially outward from the central portion (its boss).
The blade 46a has an airfoil that generates a rotational torque opposite to that of the rear propeller 2b.

In this example, the contra-rotating propeller device 100 includes an angle adjusting device 48 provided in a boss of the braking blade 46. The angle adjusting device 48 is a device that can prevent rotation with the rear propeller 2b in a low speed region by automatically adjusting the angle of attack of the blade 46a.

The angle adjusting device 48 has a biasing device (for example, a spring) that biases in a direction in which the balance with the rear propeller 2b can be achieved when the flow around the braking blade 46 is weak at a low speed or the like.

In this example, the braking blade 46 is not connected to the ladder horn 8 unlike the first embodiment.
Therefore, with this configuration, the strut 42 and the damper device 44 in the first embodiment can be eliminated, the fluid resistance due to these can be reduced, and further higher efficiency can be achieved.

Further, since the blades 46a generate lift in the rotation direction opposite to the propeller shaft 5, the lift resists the reverse torque acting on the carrier 30 and stops the rotation of the carrier 30, or causes the carrier 30 to move to the propeller shaft. 5 can be rotated in the opposite direction of rotation.

With this configuration, the speed difference between the front propeller 2a and the rear propeller 2b can be reduced by rotating the carrier 30 in the direction opposite to the propeller shaft 5.

Further, in this example, the circulation pump 35, the oil filter 36a, and the lubricating oil tank 36b in the first embodiment are omitted, the lubricating oil is accumulated in the boss of the rear propeller 2b, and the rotation (revolution) of the rear propeller 2b is performed. The lubricating oil is circulated inside.

This configuration can further simplify the single-type lubricant system.

Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

According to the embodiment of the present invention described above, since the counter rotating gear device 20 is accommodated in the boss of the rear propeller 2b, the reversing mechanism 10 can be reduced in size.

Further, since the rear propeller 2b and the counter rotating gear device 20 are supported by the propeller shaft 5 so as to be rotatable about the axis ZZ, the external force acting on these in the radial direction and the thrust direction is applied to the propeller shaft 5 by the propeller shaft 5. It can support and can prevent the misalignment between the propeller shaft 5 and the reversing mechanism 10 essentially.
A double split type clamp ring 49 for fixing the liner of the rear seal device 17 to the carrier 30 is provided.
Further, a cap 50 is provided at the rear part of the braking blade 46 to improve the water flow at the rear part of the boss of the braking blade 46 to reduce the resistance.

Therefore, the external force acting on the reverse torque fixing device 40 via a part of the counter rotating gear device 20 (carrier 30) is only the reverse torque centered on the axis ZZ, and the reverse torque fixing device 40 is Not subject to external forces in the radial and thrust directions. Thereby, the reverse torque fixing device 40 that resists the reverse torque can be reduced in size, and the ladder horn 8 can be prevented from being increased in size.

Further, since the reverse torque fixing device 40 attenuates the vibration of the counter rotating gear device 20 (carrier 30), chattering of the counter rotating gear device 20 can be prevented.

Furthermore, the present invention has the following accompanying effects.
(1) Since a single-type lubricating oil system that supplies lubricating oil to a single boss inner space is formed, complicated piping to the engine room side can be eliminated.
(2) The rudder valve 9 can be provided with the latter half portion 9b of the ladder valve, and the ladder valve can be formed together with the front half portion 42a of the ladder valve provided on the strut 42.
(3) It is not necessary to change the engine room side with respect to the 1-axis propulsion system of the in-service ship, and by replacing the stern side with the propeller shaft 5, it can be replaced with the contra-rotating propeller device 100 with good propulsion efficiency. It becomes possible.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

ZZ shaft center, 1 ship, 1a stern, 1b ship bottom, 1c inboard floor, 2a front propeller, 2b rear propeller, 3 stern pipe, 4a, 4b stern pipe bearing, 4c, 4d stern pipe seal device, 5 propeller shaft, 6 intermediate shaft, 7 intermediate bearing, 8 rudder horn, 9 rudder plate, 9b latter half of ladder valve, 10 reversing mechanism, 11 front propeller boss, 12 rear propeller boss, 14 rear propeller shaft, 16 front seal device, 17 rear Sealing device, 18a, 18b Rope guard, 19 Reverse torque fixing device cover, 20 Counter rotating gear device, 21a, 21b Bearing, 22 Sun gear, 22a Adapter sleeve, 24 Planetary gear, 24a Rotating shaft (Planet rotating shaft), 26 Ring gear, 27 Internal gear, 30 Carrier, 32 Slide bearing, 33 Slide bearing, 34 Gear, 35 Circulation pump, 36a Lubricant filter, 36b Lubricating oil tank, 40 Reverse torque fixing device, 42 Strut, 42a Ladder valve front half 44 Damper device, 44a, 44b Flange, 44c Elastic member, 46 Braking blade, 46a blade, 48 Angle adjustment device, 49 Clamp Ring, 50 caps, 100 counter-rotating propeller device

Claims (8)

1. A counter-rotating propeller device having a reversing mechanism at the rear part of the front propeller and driving the front propeller with a single propeller shaft,
   A boss of the front propeller is fixed to the propeller shaft;
   The boss of the rear propeller is supported on the propeller shaft so as to be freely rotatable around its axis.
   The reversing mechanism has a counter rotating gear device that is housed in a boss of the rear propeller and reverses the rotation direction of the propeller shaft to drive the rear propeller, and the counter rotating gear device includes the propeller shaft. Is supported rotatably about the axis,
   Further, the counter rotating propeller device includes a counter torque fixing device that supports a part of the counter rotating gear device and resists the counter torque around the axis.
2. The counter rotating gear device is a planetary gear device, and includes a single sun gear, a plurality of planet gears, a single carrier, and a single ring gear,
   The sun gear is fixed to the propeller shaft;
   The ring gear is fixed in the boss of the rear propeller;
   A plurality of the planetary gears are supported by a single carrier so as to be rotatable about respective axes.
   The contra-rotating propeller device according to claim 1, wherein the carrier is supported by the propeller shaft so as to be rotatable about its axis.
3. The counter-rotating propeller device according to claim 1, wherein the counter-rotating torque fixing device is a damper device that is fixed to a front surface of a strut fixed to a rudder horn on the stern side and attenuates vibrations of the counter-rotating gear device. .
4. The portion of the strut to which the reverse torque fixing device is attached constitutes a first half portion of a ladder valve, and constitutes the ladder valve together with a second half portion of the ladder valve provided on a steering plate. Double reversing propeller device.
5. The reverse torque fixing device is a braking wing having a plurality of wings extending radially outward from a central portion,
   The contra-rotating propeller device according to claim 1, wherein the blade has an airfoil that generates a rotational torque opposite to that of the rear propeller.
6. The contra-rotating propeller device according to claim 5, further comprising an angle adjusting device that is provided in a boss of the braking blade and automatically adjusts an angle of attack of the blade.
7. The counter-rotating propeller device according to claim 1, further comprising a circulation pump driven by the propeller shaft.
8. A ship provided with the contra-rotating propeller device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
   

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