WO2018192066A1 - 一种邻近露天矿的井工塌陷区治理方法 - Google Patents

一种邻近露天矿的井工塌陷区治理方法 Download PDF

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WO2018192066A1
WO2018192066A1 PCT/CN2017/087329 CN2017087329W WO2018192066A1 WO 2018192066 A1 WO2018192066 A1 WO 2018192066A1 CN 2017087329 W CN2017087329 W CN 2017087329W WO 2018192066 A1 WO2018192066 A1 WO 2018192066A1
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area
subsidence
small
zone
cracks
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French (fr)
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巨峰
郭帅
付志鹏
黄鹏
李平善
刘云飞
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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Priority to AU2017410432A priority Critical patent/AU2017410432B2/en
Priority to US16/605,122 priority patent/US11085296B2/en
Publication of WO2018192066A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018192066A1/zh
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor

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  • the invention relates to a method for treating a subsided area of a wellbore adjacent to an open pit mine, and is particularly suitable for a method for treating a subsided area of a near-open pit mine used in a subsided area caused by a well of an open pit and a well in a well-drilling process.
  • the treatment methods of the coal mines need to be filled with filling materials to cover the gaps in the wells and the cost of transportation and materials.
  • the present invention is a near-open mine.
  • the collapse zone treatment method can reduce costs, save costs, and effectively control the subsidence zone.
  • the method is simple, the operation is simple, the cost is low, and it has important practical significance and broad application prospects.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a method for treating a collapsed area of a nearby industrial mine with a simple construction and a low cost of extracting materials.
  • the method for treating a subsided area of a near-open mine in the present invention for the above technical purpose includes the following steps:
  • the soils classified and screened are firstly filled into small and medium-sized cracks.
  • the small blocks of rock are used for filling until the bottom of the collapsed area;
  • the large blocks of rock selected by the classification are firstly backfilled with large cracked pores, and then the small rocks in the stripped material are continuously filled until the bottom of the collapsed area;
  • Steps a, b, and c will be repeated until all cracks and subsidence zones disappear, and the collapse of the ground stops.
  • the medium-small fracture zone and the large fracture zone are layered for backfilling and compaction.
  • the ratio of the rock particle size used in the backfilling process to the current fracture width is less than 1:3, and the stratified compaction of the topsoil and the bottom of the collapse zone are strong. ⁇ Processing, click ⁇ 3 times, interval fleas, full ⁇ 1 time.
  • the small and medium-sized cracks and large cracks formed above the surface of the earth shall be backfilled in time; the slope of the subsided area shall not be greater than 7°, and the thickness of the concrete layer filled with cement mortar shall not be less than 0.5. m, the thickness of the open pit mine buried in the surface layer is not less than 1m.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the treatment of the collapsed zone of the present invention
  • the method for treating a subsided area of a near-open mine in the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the coal mining face 3 of the industrial and mining area forms a goaf 4 with the advancement, and the small and medium-sized crack belts of varying sizes up to the ground 10 are generated along with the overburden strata.
  • the large crack zone has 6 kinds of failure zones, and forms a ground subsidence zone 7 to collect the soil and rock mining strippings produced by the open pit mine 8;
  • the soils classified and screened are first filled into the small and medium cracks 5.
  • the small blocks are used for filling until the collapse.
  • the large blocks of rock selected by the classification are first backfilled with the pores of the large fractures 6, and then the small rocks in the exfoliation are continued to be filled until the bottom of the collapsed zone 7;
  • the medium-small fracture zone 5 and the large fracture zone 6 are layered for backfilling and compaction.
  • the ratio of the rock particle size used in the backfilling to the current fracture width is less than 1:3, and the stratified compaction of the topsoil and the bottom of the collapsed zone are both strong. ⁇ Processing, point 3 times, interval fleas, full 1 time;
  • the bottom of the collapsed area 7 is subjected to strong compaction treatment, and then the bulk rock selected and sorted is backfilled to the subsidence area 7 until the surface surface 2m, and continues Fill the stripped rock from the small piece of rock to the subsidence area 7 until it covers the large block of rock, then inject the cement mortar into the subsidence area 7 until it is 101m away from the surface, and the cement mortar is completely solidified. Finally, the soil in the stripper is covered, every 0.3m. Stratified to the left and right until it is flush with the ground;
  • the small and medium-sized fracture zone 5 and the large fracture zone 6 formed above the surface 10 are backfilled in time; the slope of the subsidence zone 7 after leveling should not exceed 7°, and the concrete layer is poured with cement.
  • the thickness of the mortar is not less than 0.5m, and the thickness of the open pit in the surface layer is not less than 1m.
  • the coal mining face 3 of the well industrial mine will form a goaf 4 along with the advancing formation, and the small and medium-sized fracture zone 5 and the large fracture zone 6 which are different in size from the overlying strata will be formed.
  • the bottom of the collapsed area 7 is subjected to strong compaction treatment, and then the bulk rock selected and sorted is backfilled to the subsidence area 7 until the surface is 2 m, and the small rock in the stripping body is continuously filled to the collapsed area 7 Until all the large rocks are covered, then the cement mortar is poured into the subsidence area 7 until it reaches 1 m from the surface 10, and the cement mortar is completely solidified. Finally, the soil in the stripping material is covered, and the layer is compacted every 0.3 m until the ground. 10 flush.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

一种邻近露天矿的井工塌陷区治理方法，适用于露天与井工协同开采过程中使用。该方法利用邻近露天矿（8）排放的土和岩石等剥离物直接充填覆盖井工矿开采生产的地面塌陷区（7），其中开采形成的中小裂缝带（5）和大裂缝带（6）在地面塌陷区（7）产生之前及时进行分区回填、夯实和平整，平整后的土层厚度保持在1m以上，区域坡度控制在7°以内。该方法充分利用了邻近露天矿剥离物，即实现了井工塌陷区的治理，又大大缩短了露天矿剥离物的外排距离，同时解决了井工矿塌陷裂缝带来的漏风、煤发火等安全问题，经济与社会效益显著。

Description

一种邻近露天矿的井工塌陷区治理方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种邻近露天矿的井工塌陷区治理方法，尤其适用于露天与井工协同开采过程中井工矿所致塌陷区使用的邻近露天矿的井工塌陷区治理方法。
背景技术
近年来煤矿地下开采造成了大面积的塌陷区，其治理方式多需要在矿区外运输充填材料充填覆盖井工沉陷裂隙，运输和材料成本昂贵，针对以上问题本发明一种邻近露天矿的井工塌陷区治理方法，可以降低成本，节约费用，同时有效治理塌陷区，方法简单，操作简便，成本低，具有重要的现实意义和广阔的应用前景。
发明内容
技术问题：本发明的目的是克服已有技术中的不足之处，提供一种施工简单、就提取材成本低廉的邻近露天矿的井工塌陷区治理方法。
技术方案：针对上述技术目的本发明邻近露天矿的井工塌陷区治理方法，包括如下步骤：
a.随着露天矿推进，工矿采煤面随着推进形成采空区，伴随着上覆岩层垮落而产生直达地面的大小不等的中小裂缝带和大裂缝带两种破坏带，以及形成地面塌陷区，将露天矿产生的土与岩石开采剥离物收集起来；
b.对剥离物进行筛选分类，从而获得岩石和土壤两类物质，将剥离物运输至塌陷区在地表对塌陷区不同宽度裂隙分别进行填充处理；
针对地表塌陷区内宽度小于0.3m的中小裂缝，首先将分类筛选出的土壤充填至中小裂缝，在充填裂缝距塌陷区坑底3m时，改用小块岩石进行填充，直至塌陷区坑底；
针对地表塌陷区内宽度大于0.3m的大裂缝，首先将分类筛选出的大块岩石回填大裂隙的孔洞，然后继续充填剥离物中小块岩石直至塌陷区坑底；
c.将塌陷区上所有的中小裂缝和大裂隙填充完毕后，对塌陷区坑底进行强夯处理，然后将分类筛选出的大块岩石回填至塌陷区直至地表2m，继续充填剥离物中小块岩石到塌陷区直至全部覆盖大块岩石，接着向塌陷区内灌注水泥砂浆直至距离地表1m，等水泥砂浆完全凝固，最后使用剥离物中土壤进行覆盖，每 隔0.3m左右分层夯实，直至与地面齐平；
d.随着井工矿采煤面继续推进，将产生新的中小裂缝带、大裂缝带和地面塌陷区，重复步骤a、b、c，直至所有裂缝和塌陷区消失，且地面的塌陷停止。
中小裂缝带和大裂缝带分层进行回填及夯实，其中，回填过程中选择回填使用的岩石粒径与当前裂隙宽度比小于1：3，表土层分层夯实和塌陷区坑底夯实均采用强夯处理，点夯3遍，间隔跳夯，满夯1遍。
随着井工矿采煤面向前推进，地表上方形成的中小裂缝带和大裂缝带之前就及时回填治理；塌陷区平整后的坡度不应大于7°，且混凝土层灌注水泥沙浆厚度不低于0.5m，表层填埋的露天矿排土厚度不小于1m。
有益效果：1)充填材料来自临近露天矿剥离物，大大降低充填材料材料成本和运输成本；2)解决了露天矿开采剥离物占用大量地表空间与运输成本的问题；3)封堵地表空气通往采场的通道，防止采煤工作面漏风，确保井工开采安全，在本技术领域内具有广泛的实用性。
附图说明
图1是本发明的塌陷区治理示意图
图中：1-卡车，2-煤，3-采煤工作面，4-采空区，5-小裂隙，6-大裂隙，7-塌陷区，8-露天矿，9-露天矿端帮，10-地面。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的一个实施例作进一步的描述：
如图1所示，本发明的邻近露天矿的井工塌陷区治理方法，包括如下步骤：
a.随着露天矿8推进煤2被开除后，工矿采煤面3随着推进形成采空区4，伴随着上覆岩层垮落而产生直达地面10的大小不等的中小裂缝带5和大裂缝带6两种破坏带，以及形成地面塌陷区7，将露天矿8产生的土与岩石开采剥离物收集起来；
b.对剥离物进行筛选分类，从而获得岩石和土壤两类物质，将剥离物运输至塌陷区7在地表10对塌陷区不同宽度裂隙分别进行填充处理；
针对地表塌陷区7内宽度小于0.3m的中小裂缝5，首先将分类筛选出的土壤充填至中小裂缝5，在充填裂缝距塌陷区7坑底3m时，改用小块岩石进行填充，直至塌陷区7坑底；
针对地表塌陷区7内宽度大于0.3m的大裂缝6，首先将分类筛选出的大块岩石回填大裂隙6的孔洞，然后继续充填剥离物中小块岩石直至塌陷区7坑底；
中小裂缝带5和大裂缝带6分层进行回填及夯实，回填过程中选择回填使用的岩石粒径与当前裂隙宽度比小于1：3，表土层分层夯实和塌陷区坑底夯实均采用强夯处理，点夯3遍，间隔跳夯，满夯1遍；
c.将塌陷区7上所有的中小裂缝5和大裂隙6填充完毕后，对塌陷区7坑底进行强夯处理，然后将分类筛选出的大块岩石回填至塌陷区7直至地表2m，继续充填剥离物中小块岩石到塌陷区7直至全部覆盖大块岩石，接着向塌陷区7内灌注水泥砂浆直至距离地表101m，等水泥砂浆完全凝固，最后使用剥离物中土壤进行覆盖，每隔0.3m左右分层夯实，直至与地面齐平；
d.随着井工矿采煤面3继续推进，将产生新的中小裂缝带5、大裂缝带6和地面塌陷区7，重复步骤a、b、c，直至所有裂缝和塌陷区消失，且地面10的塌陷停止。
随着井工矿采煤面3向前推进，地表10上方形成的中小裂缝带5和大裂缝带6之前就及时回填治理；塌陷区7平整后的坡度不应大于7°，且混凝土层灌注水泥沙浆厚度不低于0.5m，表层填埋的露天矿排土厚度不小于1m。
具体实施例：
首先，井工矿采煤面3随着推进形成采空区4，伴随着上覆岩层垮落而产生直达地面10的大小不等的中小裂缝带5和大裂缝带6两种破坏带，以及形成地面塌陷区7；其中对开采形成的中小裂隙带5、大裂隙带6在地表塌陷区7形成之前，进行分区回填，夯实平整，平整后的土层厚度保持在30CM以上，区域坡度控制在7°以内。
随着露天矿8推进，产生的土与岩石等开采剥离物利用卡车1通过露天矿8的端帮9由坑底向上运输至塌陷区7，在地表10对剥离物进行筛选分类，分为岩石和土壤两类，然后首先对塌陷区不同宽度裂隙分别处理：
1)对于地表塌陷区7内宽度小于0.3m的中小裂缝5，首先将分类筛选出的土壤充填至中小裂缝5，在充填裂缝距塌陷区7坑底3m时，改用小块岩石进行填充，直至塌陷区7坑底；
2)对于地表塌陷区7内宽度大于0.3m的大裂缝6，首先将分类筛选出的大 块岩石回填大裂隙6的孔洞，然后继续充填剥离物中小块岩石直至塌陷区7坑底；
c.裂隙5、6填充完毕后，对塌陷区7坑底进行强夯处理，然后将分类筛选出的大块岩石回填至塌陷区7直至地表2m，继续充填剥离物中小块岩石到塌陷区7直至全部覆盖大块岩石，接着向塌陷区7内灌注水泥砂浆直至距离地表10达到1m，等水泥砂浆完全凝固，最后使用剥离物中土壤进行覆盖，每隔0.3m左右分层夯实，直至与地面10齐平。
d.随着井工矿采煤面3继续推进，将产生新的中小裂缝带5、大裂缝带6和地面塌陷区7，重复步骤a、b、c，直至所有裂缝和塌陷区消失，且地面10的塌陷停止。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种邻近露天矿的井工塌陷区治理方法，其特征在于包括步骤如下：
    a.随着露天矿(8)推进，工矿采煤面(3)随着推进形成采空区(4)，伴随着上覆岩层垮落而产生直达地面(10)的大小不等的中小裂缝带(5)和大裂缝带(6)两种破坏带，以及地面塌陷区(7)；将露天矿(8)产生的土与岩石开采剥离物收集起来；
    b.对剥离物进行筛选分类，从而获得岩石和土壤两类物质，将剥离物运输至塌陷区(7)在地表(10)对塌陷区不同宽度裂隙分别进行填充处理；
    针对地表塌陷区(7)内宽度小于0.3m的中小裂缝(5)，首先将分类筛选出的土壤充填至中小裂缝(5)，在充填裂缝距塌陷区(7)坑底3m时，改用小块岩石进行填充，直至塌陷区(7)坑底；
    针对地表塌陷区(7)内宽度大于0.3m的大裂缝(6)，首先将分类筛选出的大块岩石回填大裂隙(6)的孔洞，然后继续充填剥离物中小块岩石直至塌陷区(7)坑底；
    c.将塌陷区(7)上所有的中小裂缝(5)和大裂隙(6)填充完毕后，对塌陷区(7)坑底进行强夯处理，然后将分类筛选出的大块岩石回填至塌陷区(7)直至地表2m，继续充填剥离物中小块岩石到塌陷区(7)直至全部覆盖大块岩石，接着向塌陷区(7)内灌注水泥砂浆直至距离地表(10)1m，等水泥砂浆完全凝固，最后使用剥离物中土壤进行覆盖，每隔0.3m左右分层夯实，直至与地面齐平；
    d.随着井工矿采煤面(3)继续推进，将产生新的中小裂缝带(5)、大裂缝带(6)和地面塌陷区(7)，重复步骤a、b、c，直至所有裂缝和塌陷区消失，且地面(10)的塌陷停止。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的邻近露天矿的井工塌陷区治理方法，其特征在于：中小裂缝带(5)和大裂缝带(6)分层进行回填及夯实，回填过程中选择回填使用的岩石粒径与当前裂隙宽度比小于1：3，表土层分层夯实和塌陷区坑底夯实均采用强夯处理，点夯3遍，间隔跳夯，满夯1遍。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的邻近露天矿的井工塌陷区治理方法，其特征在于：随着井工矿采煤面(3)向前推进，地表(10)上方形成的中小裂缝带(5)和大裂缝带(6)之前就及时回填治理；塌陷区(7)平整后的坡度不应大于7°，且 混凝土层灌注水泥沙浆厚度不低于0.5m，表层填埋的露天矿排土厚度不小于1m。
PCT/CN2017/087329 2017-04-19 2017-06-06 一种邻近露天矿的井工塌陷区治理方法 Ceased WO2018192066A1 (zh)

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