WO2018180118A1 - Outil de brochage - Google Patents

Outil de brochage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018180118A1
WO2018180118A1 PCT/JP2018/007154 JP2018007154W WO2018180118A1 WO 2018180118 A1 WO2018180118 A1 WO 2018180118A1 JP 2018007154 W JP2018007154 W JP 2018007154W WO 2018180118 A1 WO2018180118 A1 WO 2018180118A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
processing blade
processing
tooth
machining
portions
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/007154
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
渡辺　賢
公二 玉木
智啓 古川
Original Assignee
日本電産株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 日本電産株式会社 filed Critical 日本電産株式会社
Priority to JP2019509017A priority Critical patent/JPWO2018180118A1/ja
Priority to CN201880022051.0A priority patent/CN110475640A/zh
Publication of WO2018180118A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018180118A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D43/00—Broaching tools
    • B23D43/02—Broaching tools for cutting by rectilinear movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F21/00—Tools specially adapted for use in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
    • B23F21/26—Broaching tools

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a broach tool.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a broach tool in which a plurality of cutting edges are made of cemented carbide.
  • the flank face of the blade part is made by processing the surface of the blade part with a grindstone.
  • the grindstone interferes with other blade portions arranged in the axial direction due to a small interval in the circumferential direction between the blade portions. Therefore, the clearance angle of the flank face cannot be suitably provided in a part of the side surface in the circumferential direction of the blade portion, and the molding accuracy of the internal gear or the like processed by the broach tool may be lowered.
  • the present invention provides a broaching tool having a structure capable of suitably providing a clearance angle over the entire circumference of the side surface of the tooth portion in the circumferential direction of the processing blade portion even if it is relatively small.
  • One of the purposes is to provide.
  • One aspect of the broaching tool of the present invention includes a plurality of processing blade portions arranged along a central axis extending in the vertical direction, and a shaft disposed along the central axis, and each of the processing blade portions is And a plurality of teeth protruding outward in the radial direction, the plurality of teeth being arranged along the circumferential direction for each of the processing blades, and each of the teeth of the other processing blades
  • Each of the machining blade portions has a first through hole penetrating the machining blade portion in the axial direction, and the plurality of machining blade portions are separate members from each other.
  • a broach tool having a structure in which a clearance angle can be suitably provided over the entire circumference of the side surface in the circumferential direction of the tooth portion in the machining blade portion even if it is relatively small. Provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view showing the broach tool of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view showing the machining blade portion and the rake portion of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the machining blade portion and the rake portion of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a view of the machining blade portion of the first embodiment viewed from below.
  • FIG. 5 is a view of a part of the machining blade portion of the first embodiment viewed from below.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional side view schematically showing the machining blade portion of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a view of a part of the broach tool of the first embodiment as viewed from below.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view showing the broach tool of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view showing the machining blade portion and the rake portion of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the machining blade portion and the rake portion of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a part of a cutting procedure using the broach tool according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a view of the machining blade portion of the second embodiment viewed from below.
  • FIG. 10 is a view of a part of the broach tool of the third embodiment as viewed from below.
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a machining blade portion of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a view of the machining blade portion of the third embodiment viewed from below.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a speed reducer having an internal gear manufactured using the broach tool of the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
  • the Z-axis direction shown as appropriate in each drawing is a direction parallel to the vertical direction.
  • the positive side in the Z-axis direction is “upper side”
  • the negative side in the Z-axis direction is “lower side”.
  • the central axis J shown as appropriate in each drawing extends in the Z-axis direction, that is, the vertical direction.
  • the axial direction of the central axis J that is, the vertical direction parallel to the Z-axis direction is simply referred to as “axial direction”.
  • the radial direction centered on the central axis J is simply referred to as “radial direction”
  • the circumferential direction centered on the central axis J is simply referred to as “circumferential direction”.
  • the vertical direction, the upper side, and the lower side are simply names for explaining the relative positional relationship of each part, and the actual layout relationship is a layout relationship other than the layout relationship indicated by these names. May be. *
  • the broach tool 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a tool which processes the tooth
  • the broach tool 10 has a rod shape extending in the axial direction about the central axis J.
  • the broach tool 10 includes a lower guide portion 11, a processing portion 12, an upper guide portion 13, and a handle portion 14 in order from the lower side to the upper side. *
  • the processing unit 12 is a part that cuts the processing target OP.
  • the processing unit 12 includes a plurality of processing blade portions 30 and a plurality of rake portions 40. That is, the broach tool 10 includes a plurality of machining blade portions 30 and a rake portion 40.
  • the plurality of machining blade portions 30 are arranged along a central axis J that extends in the vertical direction. In the present embodiment, for example, eight processing blade portions 30A to 30H are provided.
  • the processing blade part 30A to the processing blade part 30H are arranged side by side in order from the lower side to the upper side. *
  • the processing blade portion 30A to the processing blade portion 30H have similar shapes although some of the dimensions are different from each other. In the following description, the processing blade portion 30A to the processing blade portion 30H are simply referred to as the processing blade portion 30 unless otherwise distinguished. *
  • the machining blade portion 30 includes a tapered portion 31 and a main body portion 32.
  • the tapered portion 31 has a truncated cone shape whose outer diameter increases from the upper side to the lower side with the central axis J as the center.
  • the main body 32 has an external gear shape centered on the central axis J.
  • the main body portion 32 is connected to the lower end of the tapered portion 31 on the lower side of the tapered portion 31.
  • a plurality of tooth portions 33 projecting radially outward are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the main body portion 32.
  • each of the machining blade portions 30 has a plurality of tooth portions 33 protruding outward in the radial direction.
  • the plurality of tooth portions 33 are arranged side by side along the circumferential direction for each processing blade portion 30.
  • the plurality of tooth portions 33 are arranged at equal intervals over one circumference along the circumferential direction.
  • the tooth profile of the tooth portion 33 is, for example, a cycloid tooth profile.
  • the tooth profile of the tooth portion 33 may be a trochoidal tooth profile or an involute tooth profile. *
  • Each of the tooth portions 33 has a rake face 35 facing downward.
  • the rake face 35 is a part of the lower surface of the machining blade portion 30 and is orthogonal to the axial direction.
  • the lower surface of the processing blade portion 30 is a flat surface that faces downward and is orthogonal to the axial direction. That is, for each processing blade portion 30, the rake face 35 of the plurality of tooth portions 33 is disposed on the same plane orthogonal to the axial direction.
  • the rake face 35 of each tooth portion 33 is connected to the rake face 35 of the tooth portion 33 adjacent in the circumferential direction.
  • the rake face 35 is provided on the radially outer edge portion of the lower surface of the machining blade portion 30 over one circumference in the circumferential direction.
  • the rake face 35 of each tooth part 33 connected to each other is an annular shape extending in the circumferential direction.
  • each tooth portion 33 has a flank surface 36 provided on the circumferential side surface of the tooth portion 33 over the entire circumference.
  • the flank 36 of each tooth part 33 is connected with the flank 36 of the tooth part 33 adjacent to the circumferential direction.
  • the flank 36 is provided on the circumferential side surface of the machining blade portion 30 over the entire circumference.
  • the flank surfaces 36 of the tooth portions 33 connected to each other have an annular shape extending in the circumferential direction.
  • the lower end of the flank 36 is connected to the radial outer edge of the rake face 35.
  • a ridge between the rake face 35 and the flank face 36 is a cutting edge 38 of the machining blade portion 30.
  • the “circumferential side surface” is a surface along the circumferential direction and is a surface facing the radially outer side. *
  • the flank 36 is inclined with respect to the axial direction at a flank angle ⁇ . More specifically, the flank 36 is inclined toward the inner side of the cutting edge 38 when viewed from the upper and lower directions as it goes from the lower side to the upper side.
  • the clearance angle ⁇ is the same angle at any position in the circumferential direction.
  • the radial outer edge of the flank 36 in the cross section orthogonal to the axial direction passes through the flank 36, and is located on the inner side of the radial outer edge of the rake face 35, that is, the cutting edge 38. It is arranged at a position equidistant from each other. *
  • the clearance angle ⁇ of the flank 36 is larger than 0 ° and equal to or smaller than ⁇ max shown in FIG.
  • L ⁇ b> 1 is the other of the tooth portions 33 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the processing blade portion 30 ⁇ / b> H arranged on the uppermost side among the plurality of processing blade portions 30 as viewed from the lower side.
  • the tangent lines TL1 and TL2 having the smallest angle ⁇ with the virtual line CL are the distances between the contact points TP1 and TP2 in contact with the tooth portion 33.
  • the imaginary line CL is a line connecting the center in the circumferential direction between the tooth portions 33 adjacent in the circumferential direction and the central axis J.
  • the tangent line in contact with the tooth portion 33 is a tangent line in contact with the outer edge in the radial direction of the rake face 35, that is, the cutting edge 38 as viewed from below.
  • the tangent line TL1 is a tangent line having the smallest angle ⁇ among the tangent lines in contact with the other tooth portion 33 side of the left tooth portion 33 in FIG.
  • the tangent line TL2 is a tangent line having the smallest angle ⁇ among the tangent lines in contact with the other tooth portion 33 side of the right tooth portion 33 in FIG. *
  • L2 is an axial distance between the lower end of the tooth portion 33 of the processing blade portion 30H and the lower end of the tooth portion 33 of the processing blade portion 30G adjacent to the lower side of the processing blade portion 30H. is there.
  • L2 is the axial distance between the rake face 35 of the machining blade portion 30H and the rake face 35 of the machining blade portion 30G.
  • the clearance angle ⁇ is 2 ° or more and 5 ° or less, and preferably 3 °.
  • the processing blade portion 30H corresponds to the first processing blade portion
  • the processing blade portion 30G corresponds to the second processing blade portion.
  • the first processing blade portion is the uppermost processing blade portion among the substantially functioning processing blade portions
  • the second processing blade portion is the first of the substantially functioning processing blade portions. It is the 2nd processing blade part adjacent to the lower side of a processing blade part. That is, for example, even the processing blade portion arranged on the uppermost side does not correspond to the first processing blade portion if it does not substantially function. Moreover, even if it is the process blade part adjacent to the lower side of the 1st process blade part, if it does not function substantially, it will not correspond to a 2nd process blade part.
  • the “substantially functioning processing blade portion” is a processing blade portion capable of scraping at least a part of the processing target OP when processing the processing target OP with a broach tool. *
  • the plurality of tooth portions 33 are provided side by side along the axial direction with the tooth portions 33 of the other processing blade portions 30. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the tooth portion 33 of the processing blade portion 30A, the tooth portion 33 of the processing blade portion 30B, the tooth portion 33 of the processing blade portion 30C, the tooth portion 33 of the processing blade portion 30D, and the processing The tooth portion 33 of the blade portion 30E, the tooth portion 33 of the processing blade portion 30F, the tooth portion 33 of the processing blade portion 30G, and the tooth portion 33 of the processing blade portion 30H overlap in the axial direction. *
  • the tooth portion 33 of the machining blade portion 30 disposed on the upper side does not overlap the tooth portion 33 of the machining blade portion 30 disposed on the lower side as viewed from below.
  • the broach tool 10 is inserted into the through hole H provided in the processing target OP from the upper side and is moved downward, so that the inner periphery of the through hole H is cut by the cutting edge 38.
  • the surface is cut to perform cutting.
  • the plurality of machining blade portions 30 pass through the through hole H from the upper side to the lower side in order from the lowermost machining blade portion 30A to the uppermost machining blade portion 30H.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the hole H is cut.
  • the tooth part 33 of the processing blade part 30 disposed on the upper side has a portion that does not overlap the tooth part 33 of the processing blade part 30 disposed on the lower side in the axial direction, so that the lower processing blade part 30
  • the inner peripheral surface of the through hole H can be shaved by the upper processing blade portion 30.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the through hole H can be gradually scraped by the plurality of machining blade portions 30 arranged in the axial direction, and the processing burden on each machining blade portion 30 can be reduced.
  • each of the processing blade portions 30 of the present embodiment can scrape at least a part of the processing target OP in this way, and thus corresponds to the substantially functioning processing blade portion described above.
  • the processing blade portion 30 disposed on the upper side among the processing blade portions 30 adjacent in the axial direction has a tooth portion 33 rather than the processing blade portion 30 disposed on the lower side.
  • the circumferential dimension of the tooth portion 33 is at least one of the radial direction outer ends of the tooth portion 33 and the processing blade portion 30 disposed on the lower side.
  • the circumferential dimension of the tooth portion 33 in the machining blade portion 30 disposed on the upper side is the machining blade portion 30 disposed on the lower side. It is larger than the dimension of the tooth part 33 in the circumferential direction.
  • the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the machining blade portion 30 arranged on the upper side is a machining blade arranged on the lower side. The portion 30 is located on the radially outer side of the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33.
  • the circumferential dimension of the tooth portion 33 varies depending on the radial position of the tooth portion 33, the circumferential dimension of the tooth portion 33 is compared at the same radial position. That is, in this specification, “the circumferential dimension of the tooth part is large” means that the tooth part has a radial dimension at any radial position when the circumferential dimension of the tooth part is compared at the same radial position. Including that the circumferential dimension of the part is large.
  • the processing blade portion 30B has a larger dimension in the circumferential direction of the tooth portion 33 than the processing blade portion 30A disposed on the lower side, and the radial outer end of the tooth portion 33 is located on the radially outer side.
  • the processing blade portion 30C has a larger dimension in the circumferential direction of the tooth portion 33 than the processing blade portion 30B disposed on the lower side, and the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33 is positioned on the radially outer side.
  • the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33 is located on the radially outer side than the processing blade portion 30C disposed on the lower side.
  • the circumferential dimension of the tooth part 33 in the machining blade part 30D is equal to or smaller than the circumferential dimension of the tooth part 33 in the machining blade part 30C.
  • the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33 is located on the radially outer side than the processing blade portion 30D disposed on the lower side.
  • the circumferential dimension of the tooth part 33 in the machining blade part 30E is equal to or smaller than the circumferential dimension of the tooth part 33 in the machining blade part 30D.
  • the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33 is located on the radially outer side than the processing blade portion 30E disposed on the lower side.
  • the circumferential dimension of the tooth part 33 in the machining blade part 30F is equal to or less than the circumferential dimension of the tooth part 33 in the machining blade part 30E.
  • the radial outer end of the tooth portion 33 is located on the radially outer side than the processing blade portion 30F disposed on the lower side.
  • the circumferential dimension of the tooth part 33 in the machining blade part 30G is equal to or smaller than the circumferential dimension of the tooth part 33 in the machining blade part 30F.
  • the position of the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the processing blade portion 30G is located on the outermost radial direction among the plurality of processing blade portions 30.
  • the processing blade portion 30H has a larger dimension in the circumferential direction of the tooth portion 33 than the processing blade portion 30G disposed on the lower side.
  • the dimension in the circumferential direction of the tooth portion 33 in the processing blade portion 30 ⁇ / b> H is the largest among the plurality of processing blade portions 30.
  • the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the machining blade portion 30H is located on the radially inner side of the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the machining blade portion 30G. That is, at least one of the machining blade portions 30 disposed below the machining blade portion 30H among the plurality of machining blade portions 30 has a radially outer end of the tooth portion 33 of the tooth portion 33 in the machining blade portion 30H. It is located radially outward from the radially outer end.
  • finishing cutting is performed by the machining blade 30 other than the machining blade 30H.
  • the processing burden of the processing blade part 30H which cuts the process target OP last can be reduced. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress the wear of the machining blade portion 30H that cuts the machining target OP last. Thereby, the frequency which regrinds the process blade part 30H, and the replacement frequency of the broach tool 10 can be reduced, and the production cost of the product processed and manufactured with the broach tool 10 can be reduced.
  • finishing cutting is performed by the processing blade portion 30H.
  • the side surfaces on both sides in the circumferential direction are in contact with the tooth part of the external gear meshing with the internal gear. Therefore, in the meshing of the gears, the accuracy of the side surfaces on both sides in the circumferential direction in the tooth portion of the internal gear becomes important. Therefore, by finishing machining in the circumferential direction last by the machining blade portion 30H, it is easy to accurately machine the side surfaces on both sides in the circumferential direction of the tooth portion of the internal gear, and smooth the meshing between the gears. Can do. *
  • the position of the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the processing blade portion 30G adjacent to the lower side of the processing blade portion 30H is the outermost radial direction among the plurality of processing blade portions 30. Therefore, in the radial direction, finishing cutting is performed by the processing blade portion 30G. Thereby, the finishing in the radial direction and the finishing in the circumferential direction are finally performed by the two processing blade portions 30G and the processing blade portion 30H. Therefore, for example, it is easy to improve the finishing accuracy in each direction as compared with a case where a cutting process by other processing blade portions is included between the finishing in the radial direction and the finishing in the circumferential direction.
  • the radial direction outer end of the tooth part 33 in the processing blade part 30H is located radially outside the radial direction outer end of the tooth part 33 in the processing blade part 30F.
  • the amount DC2 and the increase amount DC3 of the circumferential dimension of the tooth portion 33 from the machining blade portion 30G to the machining blade portion 30H are larger than the circumferential tolerance of the tooth portion 33.
  • the increase amounts DC1, DC2, and DC3 are substantially the same.
  • the increase amounts DC1, DC2, and DC3 are about 0.01 mm or more and 0.1 mm or less.
  • the dimensional tolerance in the circumferential direction of the tooth portion 33 is about ⁇ 0.005 mm or more and ⁇ 0.01 mm or less. *
  • the machining target OP is cut with the machining blade portion 30 having the tooth portion 33 in which an error has occurred in the radial dimension
  • the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33 is positioned radially outside of the machining blade portion 30.
  • the distances DR1 to DR6 between the radially outer ends of the tooth portions 33 in the respective machining blade portions 30 adjacent in the axial direction are larger than the dimensional tolerance of the tooth portion 33 in the radial direction.
  • the distance DR1 is a radial distance between the radial outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the processing blade portion 30A and the radial outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the processing blade portion 30B.
  • the distance DR2 is a radial distance between the radial outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the processing blade portion 30B and the radial outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the processing blade portion 30C.
  • the distance DR3 is a radial distance between the radial outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the processing blade portion 30C and the radial outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the processing blade portion 30D.
  • the distance DR4 is a radial distance between the radial outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the machining blade portion 30D and the radial outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the machining blade portion 30E.
  • the distance DR5 is a radial distance between a radial outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the processing blade portion 30E and a radial outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the processing blade portion 30F.
  • the distance DR6 is a radial distance between the radial outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the processing blade portion 30F and the radial outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the processing blade portion 30G.
  • the distance DR2, the distance DR3, and the distance DR5 are the same.
  • the distance DR1 is smaller than the distance DR2, the distance DR3, and the distance DR5.
  • the distance DR4 is larger than the distance DR3 and the distance DR5.
  • the distance DR6 is smaller than the distance DR1. That is, the amount of change in the radial position of the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33 between the machining blade portions 30 adjacent in the axial direction is the same or increased between the machining blade portion 30A and the machining blade portion 30E. However, it decreases between the processing blade portion 30E and the processing blade portion 30G. *
  • the outer diameter D of the machining blade portion 30 is a circular diameter centering on the central axis J and passing through the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33.
  • the outer diameter D of the processing blade portion 30 increases in the order of the processing blade portion 30A, the processing blade portion 30B, the processing blade portion 30C, the processing blade portion 30D, the processing blade portion 30E, the processing blade portion 30F, and the processing blade portion 30G.
  • the outer diameter D of the processing blade portion 30H is smaller than the processing blade portion 30G and larger than the processing blade portion 30F.
  • the outer diameter D of each processing blade part 30 is 20 mm or less as an example.
  • the amount of change in the outer diameter D between the machining blade portions 30 adjacent in the axial direction changes in the same manner as the amount of change in the radial position of the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33 described above. *
  • the plurality of processing blade portions 30 are separate members. Therefore, after manufacturing the some process blade part 30 separately, the some process blade part 30 can be connected along an axial direction, and the broach tool 10 can be assembled. Accordingly, for example, when the flank 36 is processed using a grindstone, the grindstone does not interfere with other processing blade portions 30 by performing the processing before the processing blade portion 30 is assembled, which is preferable. A clearance surface 36 having a clearance angle ⁇ is obtained. In the first place, since the processing blade portions 30 are separate members, there is no need to process the flank 36 using a grindstone. For example, the machining blade portion 30 can be manufactured by cutting out the entire flank 36 from the plate member by wire electric discharge machining.
  • each of the plurality of processing blade portions 30 is a single member.
  • the “relatively small broach tool” means a broach tool having an outer diameter of a machining blade portion of 20 mm or less, a broach tool having a distance L1 of 2 mm or less, a broach tool having a distance L2 of 10 mm or less, or the like. including. *
  • the clearance angle ⁇ is less likely to be provided especially at the contact point of the tooth portion 33 with the tangent having the smaller angle ⁇ described above.
  • the clearance angle ⁇ can be suitably provided even at the contacts TP1 and TP2 where the angle ⁇ is the minimum, and therefore the clearance over the entire circumference of the circumferential side surface of the tooth portion 33.
  • the angle ⁇ can be suitably provided.
  • the plurality of processing blade portions 30 are separate members, when some of the processing blade portions 30 of the plurality of processing blade portions 30 are worn out, only some of the processing blade portions 30 can be replaced. Therefore, it is not necessary to replace the entire broach tool 10 when some of the machining blade portions 30 are worn, and the production cost of a product processed and manufactured by the broach tool 10 can be reduced.
  • the tooth profile of the internal gear and the external gear are compared to when the tooth profile is an involute tooth profile.
  • the range of the circumferential side surface in contact with the tooth portion of the gear is large. Therefore, when the tooth profile is a cycloid tooth profile or a trochoidal tooth profile, it is important that the processing accuracy is high on the entire circumference of the circumferential side surface of the tooth portion.
  • the broach tool 10 in which the clearance angle ⁇ is suitably provided on the entire circumference of the circumferential side surface of the tooth portion 33, the circumferential side surface of the tooth portion of the internal gear is used. Can be processed with high precision over the entire circumference. Therefore, the effect that the clearance angle ⁇ can be suitably provided in the entire circumference of the side surface in the circumferential direction of the tooth portion 33 described above is particularly useful when the tooth profile of the tooth portion of the processing target OP is a cycloid tooth profile or a trochoidal tooth profile. is there. *
  • the rake face 35 is a part of the lower surface of the machining blade portion 30 that is orthogonal to the axial direction. Therefore, the plate surface of the plate member can be used as the rake face 35 by cutting the plate member by wire electric discharge machining or the like to manufacture the machining blade portion 30. Thereby, the rake face 35 can be easily and accurately made by using a plate member having a relatively high plane accuracy of the plate surface. Thereby, the cutting edge 38 can be made with high precision and the cutting performance of the broach tool 10 can be improved. In addition, since the rake face 35 can be polished by polishing the lower surface of the flat processing blade portion 30 and the cutting blade 38 can be polished, it is easy to re-polish the cutting blade 38 when the cutting blade 38 is worn out. is there. *
  • each of the machining blade portions 30 includes a first through hole 34 a that penetrates the machining blade portion 30 in the axial direction, and a plurality of second through holes 34 b that penetrate the machining blade portion 30 in the axial direction.
  • the shape viewed from the upper side of the first through hole 34a is a circular shape centering on the central axis J.
  • the shape seen from the upper side of the 2nd through-hole 34b is circular shape.
  • the inner diameter of the second through hole 34b is smaller than the inner diameter of the first through hole 34a.
  • two second through holes 34 b are provided in each of the machining blade portions 30.
  • the two second through holes 34b are arranged on opposite sides of the central axis J on the radially outer side of the first through hole 34a.
  • the first through hole 34 a and the second through hole 34 b open on the upper surface of the tapered portion 31. *
  • the rake portion 40 has a cylindrical shape with the central axis J as the center. As shown in FIG. 1, the plurality of rake portions 40 are connected to the lower ends of the respective machining blade portions 30 on the lower side of the respective machining blade portions 30. The same number of rake portions 40 as the number of machining blade portions 30 are provided, and eight rake portions 40 are provided in the present embodiment. The rake portions 40 other than the rake portion 40 arranged on the lowermost side among the plurality of rake portions 40 connect the machining blade portions 30 adjacent in the axial direction between the machining blade portions 30 adjacent in the axial direction. . *
  • the outer diameter of the rake portion 40 is smaller than the portion where the tooth portion 33 is provided in each of the machining blade portions 30 adjacent in the axial direction, that is, the outer diameter of the body portion 32. Therefore, a relief portion 37 that is recessed radially inward is provided between the machining blade portions 30 adjacent in the axial direction.
  • the chips MS generated when the inner peripheral surface of the through hole H of the processing target OP is scraped by the processing blade portion 30 connected to the upper side of the rake portion 40 are released into the escape portion 37. Can do. Therefore, when cutting the processing target OP with the broach tool 10, it is possible to suppress the clogging of the chips MS between the broach tool 10 and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole H, and it is easy to perform the cutting process with the broach tool 10. *
  • the relief portion 37 is an annular shape extending in the circumferential direction.
  • the inner side surface of the relief portion 37 is constituted by the rake surface 35, the outer peripheral surface of the rake portion 40, and the outer peripheral surface of the tapered portion 31.
  • the tapered portion 31 has a truncated cone shape whose outer diameter increases from the upper side to the lower side, the inside of the escape portion 37 can be easily widened on the lower side of the rake face 35 and the chip MS is escaped. Easy to escape inside. Further, when the escape portion 37 is pulled out from the through hole H, the chips MS can be easily removed from the escape portion 37 along the tapered portion 31. *
  • the outer diameter of the rake portion 40 increases toward the upper side at the upper end portion of the rake portion 40.
  • the outer diameter of the lower end of the rake portion 40 is equal to or larger than the outer diameter of the upper end of the machining blade portion 30 connected to the lower side of the rake portion 40, that is, the outer diameter of the upper end of the tapered portion 31. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the chips MS guided downward along the outer peripheral surface of the rake portion 40 from being sandwiched by the boundary portion between the rake portion 40 and the lower processing blade portion 30. Thereby, it is easy to remove the chips MS from the escape portion 37.
  • the rake portion 40 is a separate member from the machining blade portion 30. That is, the plurality of machining blade portions 30 and the plurality of rake portions 40 are separate members. For this reason, as described above, the plate member can be cut out and the processed blade portion 30 can be manufactured, and similarly, the rake portion 40 can be manufactured by cutting out the plate member. Thereby, it is easy to manufacture the processing blade part 30 and the rake part 40, and the rake part 40 can easily release the chips MS. Further, for example, since the plurality of rake portions 40 may have the same shape and dimensions, when the rake portion 40 is manufactured with the same shape and the same dimensions, the rake portion 40 can be easily manufactured. In the present embodiment, for example, the shapes and dimensions of the plurality of rake portions 40 are the same as each other. *
  • the machining blade portion 30 and the rake portion 40 are separate members, the material of the machining blade portion 30 and the material of the rake portion 40 can be made different from each other. Thereby, the process blade part 30 and the scoop part 40 can be manufactured with a suitable material, respectively. Specifically, cutting with the broach tool 10 can be facilitated by using a relatively hard material for the processing blade portion 30 for processing. Moreover, the manufacturing cost of the broach tool 10 can be reduced by making the material of the rake part 40 into a comparatively cheap material. *
  • examples of the material of the machining blade portion 30 include high-speed tool steel materials (JIS G 4403: 2015) such as SKH51, and cemented carbide.
  • examples of the material of the rake portion 40 include carbon steel for machine structure (JIS G 4051: 2009) such as S50C, and SUS420. *
  • Each of the rake portions 40 includes a third through hole 41a that penetrates the rake portion 40 in the axial direction, and a plurality of fourth through holes 41b that penetrate the rake portion 40 in the axial direction.
  • the shape viewed from the upper side of the third through hole 41a is a circular shape centering on the central axis J.
  • the shape seen from the upper side of the fourth through hole 41b is circular.
  • the inner diameter of the fourth through hole 41b is smaller than the inner diameter of the third through hole 41a.
  • two fourth through holes 41 b are provided in each of the rake portions 40.
  • the two fourth through holes 41b are arranged on the opposite sides of the central axis J on the radially outer side of the third through hole 41a.
  • the inner diameter of the third through hole 41a is the same as the inner diameter of the first through hole 34a.
  • the inner diameter of the fourth through hole 41b is the same as the inner diameter of the second through hole 34b.
  • the broach tool 10 further includes a shaft 21 disposed along the central axis J.
  • the shaft 21 has a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction.
  • the shaft 21 connects the lower guide portion 11, the processing portion 12, the upper guide portion 13, and the handle portion 14.
  • the lower guide portion 11, the processing portion 12, the upper guide portion 13, and the handle portion 14 are coupled to each other through a shaft 21 that passes through an axially provided through hole provided in each portion.
  • a male thread portion is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the lower end portion of the shaft 21 and the outer peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the shaft 21.
  • a nut 15 is fastened to the male screw portion at the lower end portion of the shaft 21.
  • a nut 16 is fastened to the male screw portion at the upper end portion of the shaft 21. Accordingly, the lower guide portion 11, the processing portion 12, the upper guide portion 13, and the handle portion 14 are clamped in the axial direction by the nut 15 and the nut 16 and are fixed to the shaft 21.
  • the shaft 21 connects the plurality of machining blade portions 30 and the plurality of rake portions 40 constituting the machining portion 12. More specifically, the plurality of machining blade portions 30 are connected to the first through hole 34a through the shaft 21. Thereby, each processing blade part 30 can be arrange
  • the plurality of rake portions 40 are connected to the third through hole 41a through the shaft 21.
  • the plurality of machining blade portions 30 and the plurality of rake portions 40 are connected through the shaft 21 through the first through hole 34a and the third through hole 41a.
  • the some process blade part 30 and the some rake part 40 can be arrange
  • the material of the machining blade 30 and the material of the shaft 21 are different from each other.
  • the processing blade part 30 and the shaft 21 can each be manufactured with a suitable material.
  • the shaft 21 that connects the plurality of machining blade portions 30 and the plurality of rake portions 40 can be hardly broken by making the material of the shaft 21 a material having high tenacity.
  • the material of the shaft 21 include carbon steel materials for mechanical structures such as S50C (JIS G 4051: 2009) and SUS420, similarly to the rake portion 40.
  • the material of the shaft 21 may be different from the material of the rake part 40. *
  • the broach tool 10 further includes a rotation stopper 50 that suppresses relative rotation between the machining blade portions 30. Therefore, it can control that processing blade parts 30 which are separate members mutually shift in the peripheral direction, and can control that processing accuracy of broach tool 10 falls.
  • the rotation stopper 50 includes a plurality of second through holes 34b provided in each of the machining blade parts 30, a plurality of fourth through holes 41b provided in each of the rake parts 40, and a plurality of pins 22. Have. That is, the broach tool 10 further includes a plurality of pins 22. *
  • two pins 22 are provided.
  • two second through holes 34b are provided for each processing blade portion 30.
  • two fourth through holes 41b are provided for each scoop portion 40. *
  • the pin 22 has a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction.
  • the outer diameter of the pin 22 is smaller than the outer diameter of the shaft 21.
  • the lower end of the pin 22 is fixed to the lower guide portion 11.
  • the pin 22 is passed over the second through holes 34b of the plurality of processing blade portions 30.
  • the rotation stop part 50 can suppress that the some processing blade part 30 mutually rotates in the circumferential direction.
  • the rotation stopper 50 since the rotation stopper 50 is configured using the second through hole 34b and the pin 22, labor and cost for making the rotation stopper 50 can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the broach tool 10 can be reduced. *
  • the 2nd through-hole 34b through which the pin 22 passes can be made comparatively small. Thereby, it can suppress that the rigidity of the processing blade part 30 falls.
  • the pin 22 is passed over the fourth through holes 41 b of the plurality of rake portions 40. That is, in the present embodiment, the pin 22 is passed over the second through holes 34 b of the plurality of machining blade portions 30 and the fourth through holes 41 b of the plurality of rake portions 40. Thereby, the rotation stop part 50 can suppress that the some process blade part 30 and the some rake part 40 rotate relatively in the circumferential direction.
  • a clearance is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the first through hole 34 a and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 21.
  • the machining blade 30 may move in the radial direction with respect to the shaft 21 by the clearance.
  • the first through hole The movement in the radial direction of the machining blade portion 30 due to the clearance between 34 a and the shaft 21 is suppressed by the contact between the inner peripheral surface of the second through hole 34 b and the outer peripheral surface of the pin 22. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the machining blade portion 30 from moving in the radial direction with respect to the shaft 21 by the clearance between the first through hole 34 a and the shaft 21.
  • the first through hole 34a when the tolerance of the radial position of the second through hole 34b with respect to the first through hole 34a is relatively small and the radial position of the pin 22 with respect to the shaft 21 deviates within the tolerance range, the first through hole The direction in which the radial direction of the shaft 21 shifts due to the clearance in 34a is easily determined uniquely. Therefore, the shift
  • a plurality of pins 22 are provided, and a plurality of second through holes 34 b are also provided for each processing blade portion 30. Therefore, the rotation stopper 50 can suppress the circumferential rotation of the machining blade 30 at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction for each machining blade 30.
  • a clearance is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the second through hole 34 b and the outer peripheral surface of the pin 22.
  • the machining blade portion 30 is rotationally stopped by the plurality of pins 22 and the plurality of second through holes 34b, for example, the first through holes 34a of the plurality of second through holes 34b in each machining blade portion 30.
  • the circumferential positions of may deviate within tolerances. Therefore, when the plurality of pins 22 are respectively passed through the plurality of second through holes 34 b, the circumferential movement of the machining blade portion 30 due to the clearance between the second through holes 34 b and the pins 22 is caused by the other pins 22.
  • the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the second through hole 34b are in contact with each other. Thereby, it can suppress that the process blade part 30 moves to the circumferential direction with respect to the shaft 21 with the clearance between the pin 22 and the 2nd through-hole 34b.
  • the material of the machining blade 30 and the material of the pin 22 are different from each other.
  • the process blade part 30 and the pin 22 can be manufactured with a suitable material, respectively.
  • the pin 22 that functions as a rotation stopper for the plurality of machining blade portions 30 and the plurality of rake portions 40 can be made difficult to break by making the material of the pin 22 a material having high tenacity.
  • the material of the pins 22 include carbon steel materials for mechanical structures such as S50C (JIS G 4051: 2009), and SUS420, similarly to the rake portion 40 and the shaft 21.
  • the material of the pin 22 may be different from the material of the rake portion 40 and the material of the shaft 21.
  • the material of the pin 22 may be a high-speed tool steel material (JIS G 4403: 2015) such as SKH51, or may be a cemented carbide, for example, similarly to the processing blade portion 30. *
  • the processing blade part 30 and the rake part 40 may be a single member.
  • the rake part 40 does not need to be provided.
  • the rotation stopper 50 is not particularly limited as long as the machining blade 30 can be prevented from rotating in the circumferential direction with respect to the shaft 21.
  • the processing blade part 30, the rake part 40, the shaft 21 and the pin 22 may be made of the same material.
  • the number of the processing blade portions 30 is not particularly limited as long as it is plural. *
  • the position of the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33 in the processing blade portion 30 ⁇ / b> H may be positioned on the outermost radial direction among the plurality of processing blade portions 30.
  • the circumferential dimension of the tooth portion 33 may be larger than the circumferential dimension of the tooth portion 33 of the processing blade portion 30H. If the relief surface 36 having the relief angle ⁇ larger than 0 ° is provided on the entire circumference of the side surface in the circumferential direction of each tooth portion 33, the relief surfaces 36 of each tooth portion 33 may not be connected to each other. Further, the clearance angle ⁇ may vary depending on the position of the clearance surface 36.
  • the tooth portion 33 may be provided with a straight land (JIS B 0175-1996) having a clearance angle ⁇ of 0 °.
  • the radial outer surface of the straight land is orthogonal to the radial direction.
  • the straight land connects the flank 36 and the rake face 35 between the flank 36 and the rake face 35.
  • a plurality of machining blade portions 30H having the largest circumferential dimension of the tooth portion 33 may be provided side by side in the axial direction. According to this configuration, even if the cutting operation of the processing target OP cannot be finished with the processing blade portion 30H arranged on the lowermost side among the plurality of processing blade portions 30H, another processing blade portion on the upper side. Since 30H is provided, it is possible to improve the certainty of the finishing of the machining target OP. Further, for example, even when the lowermost processing blade 30H among the plurality of processing blades 30H is worn, the finishing of the cutting is performed by another processing blade 30H disposed on the upper side. Therefore, the replacement frequency of the machining blade 30H can be reduced.
  • the plurality of processing blade portions 30H provided only have the same circumferential dimension of the tooth portion 33 and the largest of the processing blade portions 30, and the position of the radially outer end of the tooth portion 33 is They may be different from each other within a range radially inward of the tooth portion 33 of the processing blade portion 30G.
  • the rotation stopper 150 includes an outer peripheral surface of the shaft 121 and an inner peripheral surface of the first through hole 134 a.
  • the recess is a recess 134c that is recessed radially outward from the inner peripheral surface of the first through hole 134a.
  • the convex portion is a convex portion 121 a that protrudes radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 121. *
  • the convex portion 121a is fitted into the concave portion 134c. Thereby, the rotation stopper 150 can suppress the machining blade 130 from rotating in the circumferential direction with respect to the shaft 121.
  • the shaft 121 is a single member having a convex portion 121a. Therefore, the rotation stopper 150 can be configured without increasing the number of parts, and the manufacturing cost of the broach tool 110 can be reduced.
  • a configuration may be adopted in which a second concave portion recessed radially inward is provided at a position facing the concave portion 134c in the radial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 121, and the key member is fitted to the concave portion 134c and the second concave portion.
  • the key member corresponds to “a convex portion provided on the other of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the first through hole and protruding in the radial direction”.
  • the concave portion may be a concave portion that is recessed radially inward from the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 121, and the convex portion may be a convex portion that protrudes radially inward from the inner peripheral surface of the first through hole 134a. Good. *
  • the broach tool 210 of the present embodiment includes nine machining blade portions 230A to 230I as a plurality of machining blade portions 230.
  • the processing blade portion 230A to the processing blade portion 230I are arranged side by side in order from the lower side to the upper side.
  • the processing blade portion 230A to the processing blade portion 230I have the same shape although some dimensions are different from each other.
  • the processing blade portion 230A to the processing blade portion 230I are simply referred to as the processing blade portion 230 unless otherwise distinguished. *
  • each of the machining blade portions 230 has a plurality of tooth portions 233 protruding outward in the radial direction.
  • the plurality of tooth portions 233 are arranged at equal intervals over one circumference along the circumferential direction.
  • the tooth profile of the tooth portion 233 is an involute tooth profile unlike the above-described embodiments.
  • the radially outer end of the tooth portion 233 is positioned on the radially outer side as the machining blade portion 230 is located on the upper side.
  • the radially outer end of the tooth portion 233 includes the processing blade portion 230A, the processing blade portion 230B, the processing blade portion 230C, the processing blade portion 230D, the processing blade portion 230E, the processing blade portion 230F, the processing blade portion 230G, and the processing blade portion.
  • 230H and the processing blade part 230I are located on the radially outer side in this order.
  • the circumferential dimension of the tooth portion 233 is the same.
  • the circumferential dimension of the tooth part 233 in the machining blade part 230H is larger than the circumferential dimension of the tooth part 233 from the machining blade part 230A to the machining blade part 230G.
  • the circumferential dimension of the tooth part 233 in the machining blade part 230I is larger than the circumferential dimension of the tooth part 233 in the machining blade part 230H.
  • the dimension of the tooth portion 233 in the circumferential direction of the processing blade portion 230I is the largest among the plurality of processing blade portions 230. *
  • the internal gear G1 of the reducer GR shown in FIG. 13 is the broach tool of the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the broach tools of the above-described embodiments. It is an example of the internal gear manufactured using this.
  • the reduction gear GR has an internal gear G1, an external gear G2, and an output member OM.
  • the internal gear G1 has an annular shape centering on the rotation axis O1 of the motor shaft S.
  • a plurality of tooth portions T1 arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotation shaft O1 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the internal gear G1.
  • the internal gear G1 is fixed to the housing of the reduction gear GR. *
  • the external gear G2 is an annular shape fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the eccentric part Se of the motor shaft S.
  • the eccentric shaft O2 of the eccentric portion Se is eccentric with respect to the rotation axis O1 of the motor shaft S.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the external gear G2 functions as a sliding bearing and can rotate relative to the eccentric part Se.
  • a plurality of tooth portions T2 arranged along the circumferential direction of the eccentric shaft O2 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the external gear G2.
  • the tooth part T2 meshes with a part of the outer periphery of the tooth part T1 and the external gear G2.
  • the tooth profile of the tooth portion T1 and the tooth shape of the tooth portion T2 are, for example, a cycloid tooth profile. *
  • the external gear G2 has a plurality of holes PH that penetrate the external gear G2 in the axial direction of the eccentric shaft O2.
  • the plurality of holes PH are arranged at equal intervals over one circumference along the circumferential direction of the eccentric shaft O2.
  • the output member OM has a plurality of support pins P inserted into the holes PH.
  • the outer diameter of the support pin P is smaller than the inner diameter of the hole PH.
  • the internal gear G1 of such a reduction gear GR can be manufactured. More specifically, the internal gear G1 can be manufactured by making a plurality of tooth portions T1 by cutting using the broach tool of the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above. *

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling, Broaching, Filing, Reaming, And Others (AREA)

Abstract

Un aspect de cet outil de brochage est pourvu : d'une pluralité de parties de lame de traitement alignées le long d'un axe central s'étendant dans la direction verticale ; et d'un arbre disposé le long de l'axe central. Chacune des parties de lame de traitement comporte une pluralité de sections dents faisant saillie vers l'extérieur dans une direction radiale. La pluralité de sections dents sont agencées en parallèle dans la direction périphérique pour chaque partie de lame de traitement, et sont chacune agencées en parallèle le long de la section dents et la direction axiale de différentes parties de lame de traitement. Chacune des parties de lame de traitement comporte un premier trou traversant passant à travers la partie de lame de traitement dans la direction axiale de celle-ci. La pluralité de parties de lame de traitement sont des éléments séparés les uns des autres, et sont reliées par l'arbre passant à travers les premiers trous traversants. La présente invention est en outre pourvue d'une partie de prévention de rotation qui empêche une rotation relative entre les parties de lame de traitement.
PCT/JP2018/007154 2017-03-27 2018-02-27 Outil de brochage WO2018180118A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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JP2019509017A JPWO2018180118A1 (ja) 2017-03-27 2018-02-27 ブローチ工具
CN201880022051.0A CN110475640A (zh) 2017-03-27 2018-02-27 拉削工具

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JP2017-061476 2017-03-27
JP2017061476 2017-03-27

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WO2018180118A1 true WO2018180118A1 (fr) 2018-10-04

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1365819A (en) * 1972-02-02 1974-09-04 Lapointe Machine Tool Co Broaching tools
EP0013189A1 (fr) * 1978-11-10 1980-07-09 Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault Broche à éléments de coupe rapportés
JPS62228329A (ja) * 1986-03-04 1987-10-07 Hidetoshi Yokoi 積層ブロ−チの製造法
US4985609A (en) * 1987-06-16 1991-01-15 Franz Hofele Method of making a broach
JP2009201258A (ja) * 2008-02-21 2009-09-03 Toyota Motor Corp 回転電機
JP2010233291A (ja) * 2009-03-26 2010-10-14 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd モータのロータ
JP2012101487A (ja) * 2010-11-11 2012-05-31 Reform Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk 孔径拡大工具、孔径拡大方法及び配管取替方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2114529U (zh) * 1991-10-23 1992-09-02 杜建民 组合式拉刀
CN201644917U (zh) * 2009-12-10 2010-11-24 杨方洲 一种推拉刀
CN103817374B (zh) * 2014-02-26 2016-01-13 大连理工大学 一种对树脂基碳纤维复合材料制孔的刀具

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1365819A (en) * 1972-02-02 1974-09-04 Lapointe Machine Tool Co Broaching tools
EP0013189A1 (fr) * 1978-11-10 1980-07-09 Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault Broche à éléments de coupe rapportés
JPS62228329A (ja) * 1986-03-04 1987-10-07 Hidetoshi Yokoi 積層ブロ−チの製造法
US4985609A (en) * 1987-06-16 1991-01-15 Franz Hofele Method of making a broach
JP2009201258A (ja) * 2008-02-21 2009-09-03 Toyota Motor Corp 回転電機
JP2010233291A (ja) * 2009-03-26 2010-10-14 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd モータのロータ
JP2012101487A (ja) * 2010-11-11 2012-05-31 Reform Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk 孔径拡大工具、孔径拡大方法及び配管取替方法

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