WO2018167385A1 - Composition comprising pyrethrum for arthropod pest control - Google Patents

Composition comprising pyrethrum for arthropod pest control Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018167385A1
WO2018167385A1 PCT/FR2018/000052 FR2018000052W WO2018167385A1 WO 2018167385 A1 WO2018167385 A1 WO 2018167385A1 FR 2018000052 W FR2018000052 W FR 2018000052W WO 2018167385 A1 WO2018167385 A1 WO 2018167385A1
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Prior art keywords
essential oil
pyrethrum
weight
composition
active agent
Prior art date
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PCT/FR2018/000052
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French (fr)
Inventor
René Chelle
Vincent HARRACA
Arnaud Vilbert
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Ab7 Innovation S.A.S.U
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Priority to EP18714555.2A priority Critical patent/EP3595450A1/en
Publication of WO2018167385A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018167385A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/58—Meliaceae (Chinaberry or Mahogany family), e.g. Azadirachta (neem)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/22—Lamiaceae or Labiatae [Mint family], e.g. thyme, rosemary, skullcap, selfheal, lavender, perilla, pennyroyal, peppermint or spearmint
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/26—Meliaceae [Chinaberry or Mahogany family], e.g. mahogany, langsat or neem
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/28—Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
    • A61P33/14—Ectoparasiticides, e.g. scabicides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of combating arthropod pests.
  • the invention relates to a composition of natural origin, based on plant pyrethrum.
  • Pyrethrin is known to be a natural insecticidal molecule extracted from oleoresin plants, including chrysanthemum. This contact insecticide kills arthropods causing shock, affecting the nervous system, even at very low doses. Unfortunately, on the one hand, when pyrethrin is included in a formulation, it is very rapidly degraded by UV radiation and microorganisms to such an extent that its action is weakened or even destroyed; on the other hand, it is not stable during storage.
  • Neem oil and margosa extract are both derived from the seed of the margosier, also called neem tree.
  • the difference between neem oil and margosa extract lies in their extraction process used.
  • Virgin neem oil is obtained by simple cold pressing of the seeds, while the margosa extract is obtained in the laboratory, according to various extraction processes of a chemical nature.
  • One or more active molecules can then be selected from the extract.
  • the main active ingredients of margosa extract are glyceride or free fatty acids, as well as limonoids such as nimbin, salanin and azadirachtin.
  • margosa extract can be used to control many species of insects and arachnids, such as silverfish, flies, mosquitoes, ants, mites, etc.
  • Margosa extract has a broad spectrum of action in arthropods due to the large number of active constituents that make it up; this results in a reduction of the risk of development of habituation in the said arthropods.
  • margosa extract has a long-term mode of action that is to say that the insecticidal effect on targeted arthropods appears after a few hours. This mode of action with residual effect is very beneficial in the fight against certain arthropods for which, the shock effect paralyzes them only, without killing them.
  • 3031006 discloses an insecticidal composition
  • a plant extract of pyrethrum in the form of essential oil acting on the nervous system a macerate containing formic acid (nettle extract), an asphyxiating agent in the form of oil plant associated with saponin to clog the pores of the epidemic and citrus essential oil to destroy the cuticle of the body of the insect.
  • European Patent No. 102540 proposes the addition of benzyl alcohol such as thymol or eugenol, the proportion by weight (pyrethrum / alcohol). is between 50/1 and 10/1.
  • Other natural compounds are also used for this purpose, in particular sesame oil (US4983591), salts of specific fatty acids (US4983591), triglycerides and chrysanthemum extract (EP0761097).
  • Vetobiol Vétobiol Pest Control Insecticide Habitat 100 mL discloses an insect lotion containing extracts of margosa, geraniol, lavandula hybrida, extract of plant pyrethrum in large quantities.
  • WO2008 / 124882 discloses a composition comprising eucalyptus essential oil, 10 to 40% neem oil, lemongrass essential oil, pyrethrum, lavender essential oil.
  • WO96 / 39034 discloses a pesticidal composition comprising 0.002 to 0.02% by weight of pyrethrum and neem oil.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a composition comprising plant pyrethrum whose repulsive action against arthropods is not only improved and preserved, but also extended over time to ensure a residual insecticide effect.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a plant pyrethrum composition capable of effectively repelling harmful arthropods, particularly ectoparasites, in a human and animal subject.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition comprising plant pyrethrum capable of inducing a curative pesticidal effect when the subject is already infected with pests, as well as a preventive repellent effect to prevent re-infestation of a subject. by the said pests.
  • Antephipods harmful means arachnids such as ticks, mites and insects such as flies, mosquitoes, fleas, bed bugs, lice and this, whatever their stage of development.
  • Control of pests means the act of either repelling them or killing them, or both simultaneously.
  • active agent is meant the synergistic mixture of the active ingredients with repellent and / or pesticidal action; said active agent may be combined with one or more suitable formulation additives during formulation of the composition.
  • the present invention therefore has, as a first object, a composition for the control of arthropods that are harmful targets that may infect a human or animal subject to be treated, a composition containing an insecticide and / or insect repellent active agent whose diffusion ensures the control of said harmful arthropods, said composition further comprising a suitable topical application vehicle to allow distribution over at least a part of the body of said subject to be treated, the active agent being constituted by a synergistic mixture of plant pyrethrum, natural extract of margosa and at least one essential oil, characterized in that it comprises:
  • the plant pyrethrum is selected from Caucasian pyrethrum, Dalmatian pyrethrum, pesticidal chrysanthemum, natural pyrethrum and pyrethrin.
  • the essential oil is selected from the group consisting of cinnamon essential oil, spearmint essential oil, pennyroyal essential oil, mint essential oil, lemongrass essential oil, cedar essential oil, lemongrass essential oil, eucalyptus essential oil, lavandin essential oil, lavender essential oil, palmarosa essential oil or the mixture of these.
  • the essential oil is lavandin essential oil or lavender essential oil.
  • the essential oil can be replaced, in equal proportion, by their active constituents.
  • Said majority constituents may be terpene alcohols such as geraniol, linalool, p-menthane-diol, menthol, terpene esters, aldehydes.
  • the natural extract of margosa may be substituted, in equal proportion, by neem oil or its majority active constituents; it is the same with regard to the essential oil.
  • the inventors have found that the combination of the three active ingredients, which are the plant pyrethrum, the natural extract of margosa and an essential oil constituting the active agent formulated in a composition makes it possible to obtain a synergistic effect on the skin. the desired effect on the species of parasitic arthropods.
  • the ratio between these three ingredients it is possible either to obtain a repellent action or a pesticidal action.
  • a high rate of pyrethrum and / or margosa confers a pesticidal effect to the composition while a high level of essential oil confers mainly a repellent effect.
  • the active agent of the composition is formulated in liquid form.
  • the vegetable pyridine / natural extract weight ratio of margosa / essential oil in the active agent is between 1/1/1 and 1/1/10.
  • the composition comprises:
  • active agent consisting of a synergistic mixture of vegetable pyrethrum, natural extract of margosa and an essential oil,
  • the amount of constituents of the essential oil is between 0.15 and 10% by weight of the composition.
  • composition of the present invention thanks to the active agent, has a preventive function coupled with a curative function for the control of arthropods harmful.
  • the topical application vehicle may be a liquid, particularly water, a vegetable oil or a solid polymer matrix having been shaped, or in the form of a particular powder or in the form of granules, the active agent being incorporated in said polymer matrix.
  • composition may comprise appropriate formulation additives depending on the state of the topical application vehicle used. Indeed, it is possible to incorporate the active agent into the topical application vehicle in the absence of formulation additive.
  • the topical application vehicle is a liquid or a semi-liquid
  • the active agent is formulated in lotion, spray, emulsion, suspension, liquid concentrate, emulsifiable concentrate, cream, foam, gel , ointment, paste.
  • the topical application vehicle is a biodegradable or non-biodegradable solid polymer matrix
  • the active agent is incorporated therein, in association or not with one or more formulation additives.
  • the biodegradable polymers are chosen from the group formed by polymers of plant origin (agropolymers) based on polysaccharides, starch, celluloses and its derivatives, proteins; biopolyesters of the family of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), polylactides (PLA), polcaprolactones (PCL), polyesteramides (PEA), aliphatic copolyesters (PBSA), aromatic copolyesters (PTAT).
  • agropolymers based on polysaccharides, starch, celluloses and its derivatives, proteins
  • said synthetic thermoplastic polymer matrix consists of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA), the vinyl acetate content of which is between 15 and 60% by weight. weight.
  • the synthetic thermoplastic polymer matrix is chosen from the group formed by thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) such as copolyamides and polyamides (PA) of absorbent grades, absorbent grade polyamide amide blockers, starch grafted polyethylenes; polyvinyl chlorides; vulcanized thermoplastics; thermoplastic polyurethanes based on esters or ethers; styrenic polymers such as SIS, SEBS or a mixture of all these polymers.
  • TPE thermoplastic elastomers
  • PA copolyamides and polyamides
  • PA polyamides
  • styrenic polymers such as SIS, SEBS or a mixture of all these polymers.
  • the solid polymer matrix is a particulate powder of mineral or synthetic origin.
  • thermoplastic polymer matrix said matrix is shaped by plastics techniques well known to those skilled in the art, namely by extortion, by injection molding, by coating or by thermopressing.
  • the polymer matrix is a thermoset which is a crosslinked polyurethane based on isocyanate and polyols or a polyurea based on isocyanate and polyamine.
  • the crosslinked polyurethane is obtained from a liquid or liquid rendered polyol resin and a liquid or liquid isocyanate and then formed by casting.
  • the crosslinked polyurea is obtained from a liquid polyamine resin or made liquid and a liquid isocyanate or made liquid and then shaped by casting.
  • the isocyanate is chosen from the group formed by isocyanates with at least 2 functionalities, of aromatic or aliphatic structure.
  • TDI toluene diisocyanate
  • HDI hexamethylene diisocyanate
  • MDI diphenylmethylene diisocyanate
  • H12MDI dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate
  • IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
  • NDI naphthalene diisocyanate
  • TODI O-tolidine diisocyanate
  • PPDI para-phenylene diisocyanate
  • the polyol resin is chosen from that having at least 2 long-chain or short-chain hydroxyl functionalities, based on polyesters, polyethers, polythioethers, polyacetals, polycarbonates, polyesteramides, naturally hydroxylated or modified vegetable oils. or the mixture of these.
  • the polyamines are those having at least 2 amino functional groups, chosen from polyetheramines, aliphatic or aromatic.
  • additives for formulation of the composition is chosen as a function of the final dosage form (eg cream, lotion, gel, etc.) or of solid polymer matrix (eg necklace, bracelet, patch, medallion, etc.).
  • the formulation additives may be chosen from water, vegetable oils, a surfactant, an emulsifier, an antioxidant, a stabilizer, a thickener, a foaming agent, a film-forming agent, a preservative, an anti-UV, inert fillers of mineral origin in the form of powder, a gelling agent, a colorant, a synthetic or natural fragrance or a mixture thereof.
  • the present invention has, a second object, a method for the control of arthropods that are harmful targets that may infect a human or animal subject to be treated, a method according to which a composition is applied to at least a part of the body of said subject, said composition which contains an insecticidal and / or insect repellent active agent, furthermore comprises a suitable topical application vehicle, the active agent being constituted by a synergistic mixture of vegetable pyrethrum, natural extract of margosa and less an essential oil, characterized in that said composition comprises:
  • the plant pyrethrum may be selected from Caucasian pyrethrum, Dalmatian pyrethrum, pesticidal chrysanthemum, natural pyrethrum and pyrethrin.
  • the essential oil can be selected from the group consisting of cinnamon essential oil, spearmint essential oil, pennyroyal essential oil, essential mint of field mint lemongrass essential oil, cedar essential oil, lemongrass essential oil, eucalyptus essential oil, lavandin essential oil, lavender essential oil, palmarosa essential oil or the mixture thereof.
  • the ratio of vegetable pyrethrum / natural extract of margosa / essential oil in the active agent is between 1/1 / 1 and 1/1/0.
  • the topical application vehicle can be a liquid or a semi-liquid in which the active agent is formulated in lotion, spray, emulsion, suspension, liquid concentrate, emulsifiable concentrate, cream, foam, gel, ointment, paste.
  • the topical application vehicle may be a solid matrix chosen from biodegradable polymers, synthetic thermoplastic polymers, cast polyuredian thermosets, particulate powder of mineral or synthetic origin.
  • Example 1 Composition containing an active agent according to the invention for the control of fleas and ticks in a pet.
  • Ingredients Function Ratio Active Ingredient Quantity (%) Composition containing an active agent according to the invention for the control of fleas and ticks in a pet.
  • Table 1 formulation of a repellent anti-tick and anti-tick ticking composition
  • Table 2 formulation of a repellent anti-flea and anti-tick composition whose vehicle is an EVA matrix
  • the air bubbles through the pot filled with distilled water to be moistened then passes through the pot containing the composition to be tested or control before entering the olfactometer in the center of which it is sucked.
  • About 20 chips are introduced in the center of the olfactometer, then every 30 seconds for 20 minutes, the number of chips in each arm is counted.
  • the cumulative total number of chips for each of the two odors makes it possible to calculate a behavioral index according to the formula I- (TC) / (T + C) with T the cumulative total number of chips in both arm containing the odor test and C the cumulative total number of fleas in both arms containing the odor control.
  • This index varies from -1 (repellent) to + / (attractive).
  • the validity of the behavioral effect is statistically verified by a Mann-Whitney test through to software R. The manipulation is repeated six times by alternating the positions of the test pots and controls to cover all six different possible combinations.
  • Table 3 Effect on the repellency of the lotion of Table 1 with respect to fleas
  • the behavioral index measured was less than 0, giving a mean index significantly lower than this threshold value.
  • the synergistic combination of the ingredients of the active agent constituted by the vegetable pyrethrum, the margosa extract and the lavandin essential oil of the composition of the present invention formulated in lotion significantly repels the fleas.
  • nymphs of stage IV Ixodes nâmis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Acari: Ixodidae) are used.
  • the study was conducted according to the protocol inspired by the publication of Dautel et al. (999).
  • a filter paper with or without the lotion to be tested (Table 1: about 0.1 ml) is fixed on a balloon filled with hot water.
  • a rod is placed horizontally about 1 to 2 mm in front of the filter paper and a tick is deposited about 2 cm from its end.
  • Three behavioral steps are then noted: the tick walks to the end of the stem (walfi), clings to the filter paper (clinch) and moves on the filter paper without dropping (stay).
  • Replicas are made for the control and lotion recorded in Table 1.
  • the Chi square statistical test is applied via the R software, in order to compare the significance of the responses between the test and the control and thus statistically evaluate the response. repulsive efficacy of the composition according to the invention.
  • composition according to the present invention formulated in lotion has demonstrated a good repulsive activity against ticks, hang (clin) and stay (stay) on the stimulus in the presence of the pipette lotion being significantly reduced compared to control (Table 4, Chi square test, ⁇ ⁇ 0.0 ⁇ ).
  • composition according to the present invention has demonstrated a good repulsive action against fleas and ticks.
  • Example 1 The protocol described in Example 1 was also used in this example to test the effect of each of the active ingredients on the chips.
  • the evaluation test was performed according to the protocol described by Krober et al. (2013). To summarize the method, approximately 0.1 mL of solution (active ingredient dissolved in vegetable oil) to be tested is applied on a circle (diameter 13 cm) drawn on a sloped glass plate and heated. After 5 minutes, two ticks tested simultaneously are placed on a disk of aluminum (3 cm diameter) positioned in the center of the treated area. The behavior of each tick is then observed: if it rises the glass plate, the solution is considered ineffective whereas if it drops or drops the glass plate, the solution is considered repulsive. Twelve replicas for each solution and control are made and the average percentage of effective repulsion is then calculated.
  • Table 5 below shows the results summarizing the tick repellent activity of each of the ingredients of the active agent of the composition of the present invention in solution.
  • Table 6 summarizes the rate of the flea repellent effect of each ingredient of the active agent diluted to 5% in the same vegetable oil mentioned in Table 5.
  • Table 6 Behavioral index (I) measured on chips against the atmospheric diffusion of the various ingredients of the active agent, diluted to 5% in vegetable oil.
  • Example 3 Insecticidal effect of each of the ingredients of the active agent of the composition on fleas.
  • the ingredients of the active agent tested for a volume of 500 ⁇ L each, are the vegetable pyrethrum, the essential oil of lavender, the extract of margosa and a lotion containing a mixture of 2.1 ⁇ , of pyrethrum vegetable, 7.7 ⁇ L of lavandin essential oil, 7.7 ⁇ of margosa extract and 482.5 of vegetable oil, ie a total volume of 500 jxL.
  • Table 7 Percentage of surviving fleas after 24 hours and 96 hours of exposure.
  • insecticidal effect of each of the ingredients of the active agent does not appear to be related to the sex of the fleas. While 92% ⁇ 1.2% of fleas survive after 24 hours (control), it is observed that less than 20% survive in the presence of one of the three ingredients of the active agent or lotion which is 25 times less concentrated. active agent.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition comprising pyrethrum for the control of target arthropod pests on a human or animal to be treated. The composition comprises a synergic mixture as an active agent, consisting of pyrethrum, a natural extract of margosa and an essential oil.

Description

COMPOSITION AU PYRÈTHRE VÉGÉTAL POUR LE CONTRÔLE DES  PLANT PYRETHRE COMPOSITION FOR THE CONTROL OF
ARTHROPODES NUISIBLES  HARMFUL ARTHROPODS
La présente invention se situe dans le domaine de la lutte contre des arthropodes nuisibles. Particulièrement, l'invention concerne une composition, d'origine naturelle, à base de pyrèthre végétal. The present invention is in the field of combating arthropod pests. In particular, the invention relates to a composition of natural origin, based on plant pyrethrum.
On sait que la pyréthrine est une molécule insecticide naturelle extraite des plantes oléorésines, notamment du chrysanthème. Cet insecticide de contact tue les arti ropodes en provoquant un effet choc, en touchant le système nerveux, même à très faible dose. Malheureusement, d'une part, lorsque la pyréthrine est comprise dans une formulation, elle est très rapidement dégradée par les rayonnements UV et par les microorganismes à tel point que son action s'en trouve affaiblie voire anéantie ; d'autre part, elle n'est pas stable au cours du stockage. Afin de palier à ces problèmes de dégradation précoce, il existe dans le commerce, des molécules de substitution d'origine synthétique, dérivées des pyréthrines, appartenant à la famille des pyrétliroïdes (exemples : Permethrine, Fluométrhine, etc.), qui ont la capacité de résister plus longtemps aux attaques des UV ainsi qu'aux autres agressions de nature chimique et biologique. Depuis longtemps, il était nécessaire de protéger le pyrèthre végétal, dans une composition, de la dégradation aux UV pour qu'il puisse encore apporter son action insecticide lors de son utilisation. De même, il était aussi nécessaire de pouvoir stabiliser le pyrèthre végétal au cours de son stockage pendant une période pouvant aller jusqu'à trois ans. Pyrethrin is known to be a natural insecticidal molecule extracted from oleoresin plants, including chrysanthemum. This contact insecticide kills arthropods causing shock, affecting the nervous system, even at very low doses. Unfortunately, on the one hand, when pyrethrin is included in a formulation, it is very rapidly degraded by UV radiation and microorganisms to such an extent that its action is weakened or even destroyed; on the other hand, it is not stable during storage. To overcome these problems of early degradation, there are commercially available replacement molecules of synthetic origin, derived from pyrethrins, belonging to the family of pyrethroids (examples: Permethrin, Fluometrine, etc.), which have the capacity to resist longer the attacks of the UV as well as the other aggressions of chemical and biological nature. For a long time, it was necessary to protect the plant pyrethrum, in a composition, from UV degradation so that it can still bring its insecticidal action during its use. Similarly, it was also necessary to be able to stabilize the plant pyrethrum during its storage for a period of up to three years.
L'huile de neem et l'extrait de margosa sont, tous deux, issus de la graine du margosier, également appelé arbre à neem. La différence entre l'huile de neem et l'extrait de margosa se situe dans leur procédé d'extraction utilisé. L'huile de neem vierge est obtenue par simple pression à froid des graines, alors que l'extrait de margosa est obtenu en laboratoire, selon différents procédés d'extraction de nature chimique. Une ou plusieurs molécules actives peuvent alors être sélectionnées à partir de l'extrait. Les principaux ingrédients actifs de l'extrait de margosa sont des acides gras sous forme de glycérides ou libres, ainsi que des limonoïdes, comme la nimbin, la salannin et l'azadirachtine. Il est connu que l'extrait de margosa peut être utilisé pour contrôler de nombreuses espèces d'insectes et d'arachnides, comme par exemple les poissons d'argent, les mouches, les moustiques, les fourmis, les acariens, etc. L'extrait de margosa possède un large spectre d'action chez les arthropodes grâce au nombre important des constituants actifs qui le composent ; il en résulte alors une réduction du risque de développement de l'accoutumance chez lesdits arthropodes. De plus, selon la dose et les ratios des constituants actifs composant l'extrait de margosa, il est possible d'observer un effet allant de la répulsion à la mortalité de ces différents arthropodes. Par ailleurs, l'extrait de margosa a un mode d'action à long terme c'est-à-dire que l'effet insecticide, sur des arthropodes ciblés, apparaît après quelques heures. Ce mode d'action à effet rémanent est très bénéfique dans la lutte contre certains arthropodes pour qui, l'effet choc les paralyse seulement, sans les tuer. Neem oil and margosa extract are both derived from the seed of the margosier, also called neem tree. The difference between neem oil and margosa extract lies in their extraction process used. Virgin neem oil is obtained by simple cold pressing of the seeds, while the margosa extract is obtained in the laboratory, according to various extraction processes of a chemical nature. One or more active molecules can then be selected from the extract. The main active ingredients of margosa extract are glyceride or free fatty acids, as well as limonoids such as nimbin, salanin and azadirachtin. It is known that margosa extract can be used to control many species of insects and arachnids, such as silverfish, flies, mosquitoes, ants, mites, etc. Margosa extract has a broad spectrum of action in arthropods due to the large number of active constituents that make it up; this results in a reduction of the risk of development of habituation in the said arthropods. Moreover, depending on the dose and the ratios of the active constituents of the margosa extract, it is possible to observe an effect ranging from the repulsion to the mortality of these different arthropods. In addition, margosa extract has a long-term mode of action that is to say that the insecticidal effect on targeted arthropods appears after a few hours. This mode of action with residual effect is very beneficial in the fight against certain arthropods for which, the shock effect paralyzes them only, without killing them.
Il est connu que de nombreuses huiles essentielles ont une action répulsive, notamment envers les arthropodes comme les puces, les tiques, les moustiques, les mouches, les poux, etc. It is known that many essential oils have a repulsive action, especially towards arthropods such as fleas, ticks, mosquitoes, flies, lice, etc.
Il est également connu que le pyrèthre végétal est mélangé avec d'autres composés en vue d'obtenir une synergie d'action insecticide. D'un côté, l'action de la pyréthrine peut être synergisée par des composés synthétiques tels que le pipéronyl butoxide (PBO). Ainsi les brevets allemands n°3717467 et n°4421471 qui décrivent des sprays anti-insectes comprenant un mélange d'extrait de pyréthrine, de PBO, de l'huile de turpentine, de lavandin et de citronnelle, confirment ces effets synergiques. D'un autre côté, l'action de la pyréthrine peut être synergisée par des composés naturels comme décrit par le brevet américain n°5679662 à propos d'une composition insecticide comprenant du pyrèthre végétal en association avec l'azadkachtine, ou du pyrèthre avec l'huile de neem purifiée dépourvue d'azadirachtine, pour augmenter l'activité insecticide du pyrèthre. Le brevet français n°2447681 décrit une composition insecticide comprenant de la pyréthrine, de l'huile essentielle de lavande et de la citronnelle. La demande de brevet international n°8505038 décrit une composition insecticide comprenant du pyrèthre végétale, de la roténone ou les deux, et un ou plusieurs composants choisis parmi l'eucalyptus, le romarin, la menthe poivrée et l'acide borique. Le brevet français n°3031006 décrit une composition insecticide comprenant un extrait végétal de pyrèthre en forme d'huile essentielle agissant sur le système nerveux, un macérât contenant l'acide formique (extrait d'ortie), un agent asphyxiant en forme d'huile végétale associée à la saponine pour obstruer les pores de l'épidémie et de l'huile essentielle d'agrumes pour détruire la cuticule du corps de l'insecte. It is also known that plant pyrethrum is mixed with other compounds in order to obtain a synergistic insecticidal action. On the one hand, the action of pyrethrin can be synergized by synthetic compounds such as piperonyl butoxide (PBO). Thus German Patent Nos. 3717467 and 4421471 which describe insect sprays comprising a mixture of pyrethrin extract, PBO, turpentine oil, lavandin and lemongrass, confirm these synergistic effects. On the other hand, the action of pyrethrin can be synergized by natural compounds as described by US Patent No. 5679662 for an insecticidal composition comprising plant pyrethrum in combination with azadkachtin, or pyrethrum with purified neem oil devoid of azadirachtin, to increase the insecticidal activity of pyrethrum. French Patent No. 2,447,681 describes an insecticidal composition comprising pyrethrin, lavender essential oil and lemongrass. International Patent Application No. 8505038 discloses an insecticidal composition comprising vegetable pyrethrum, rotenone or both, and one or more components selected from eucalyptus, rosemary, peppermint and boric acid. French Patent No. 3031006 discloses an insecticidal composition comprising a plant extract of pyrethrum in the form of essential oil acting on the nervous system, a macerate containing formic acid (nettle extract), an asphyxiating agent in the form of oil plant associated with saponin to clog the pores of the epidemic and citrus essential oil to destroy the cuticle of the body of the insect.
Dans un autre registre, pour améliorer l'efficacité insecticide du pyrèthre végétal, le brevet européen n°l 102540 propose l'adjonction de l'alcool benzylique comme le thymol ou l'eugénol, dont la proportion en poids, (pyrèthre/alcool) est comprise entre 50/1 et 10/1. D'autres composés naturels sont également utilisés à cette fin notamment l'huile de sésame (US4983591), des sels d'acides gras spécifiques (US4983591), des triglycérides et de l'extrait de chrysanthème (EP0761097). In another register, to improve the insecticidal efficacy of plant pyrethrum, European Patent No. 102540 proposes the addition of benzyl alcohol such as thymol or eugenol, the proportion by weight (pyrethrum / alcohol). is between 50/1 and 10/1. Other natural compounds are also used for this purpose, in particular sesame oil (US4983591), salts of specific fatty acids (US4983591), triglycerides and chrysanthemum extract (EP0761097).
On connaît également des pipettes antiparasitaires renfermant un mélange d'actif répulsif constitué de margosa, de pyrèthre, de géraniol et de la lavande dont la quantité de chacun des composant est inconnue (Zoomalia : Pipette antiparasitaire volaille - Antiparasites et soins oiseaux). Le document « Vétobiol : Vétobiol Lotion antiparasitaire habitat insecticide 100 mL » divulgue une lotion anti-insectes comportant de l'extrait de margosa, du géraniol, de lavandula hybrida, de l'extrait de pyrèthre végétal en grande quantité. Le document « Les comptoirs de la Bio : Biovetol- Les comptoirs de la Bio » décrit des produits antipuces et antitiques comportant du margosa, du pyrèthre, du géraniol et de la lavande à des proportions inconnues. Le document WO2008/124882 décrit une composition comprenant de l'huile essentielle d'eucalyptus, 10 à 40% d'huile de neem, de l'huile essentielle de citronnelle, du pyrèthre, de l'huile essentielle de lavande. Le document WO96/39034 divulgue une composition pesticide comprenant 0,002 à 0,02% en poids de pyrèthre et d'huile de neem. Also known are antiparasitic pipettes containing a mixture of repellent active consisting of margosa, pyrethrum, geraniol and lavender, the amount of each of the component is unknown (Zoomalia: Pest Control Pest - Antiparasites and bird care). The document "Vetobiol: Vétobiol Pest Control Insecticide Habitat 100 mL" discloses an insect lotion containing extracts of margosa, geraniol, lavandula hybrida, extract of plant pyrethrum in large quantities. The document "Les comptoirs de la Bio: Biovetol- Les comptoirs de la Bio" describes flea and antitic products containing margosa, pyrethrum, geraniol and lavender at unknown proportions. WO2008 / 124882 discloses a composition comprising eucalyptus essential oil, 10 to 40% neem oil, lemongrass essential oil, pyrethrum, lavender essential oil. WO96 / 39034 discloses a pesticidal composition comprising 0.002 to 0.02% by weight of pyrethrum and neem oil.
Force est de constater qu'il est recherché par l'art antérieur d'obtenir une composition, à action exclusivement insecticide, renfermant un pyrèthre végétal. A l'heure actuelle, l'état de la technique mentionne certains acides gras, certaines huiles essentielles voire même le PBO, pour améliorer l'efficacité de l'action insecticide du pyrèthre végétal formulé dans une composition. It is clear that it is sought by the prior art to obtain a composition, exclusively insecticidal action, containing a pyrethrum plant. At present, the state of the art mentions certain fatty acids, certain essential oils or even the PBO, to improve the effectiveness of the insecticidal action of plant pyrethrum formulated in a composition.
Donc, un premier but de la présente invention est de fournir une composition comportant du pyrèthre végétal dont l'action répulsive contre les arthropodes est non seulement améliorée et préservée, mais également prolongée dans le temps pour assurer un effet rémanent voue insecticide. Un autre but de la présente invention est de fournir une composition au pyrèthre végétal apte à repousser efficacement les arthropodes nuisibles, particulièrement des ectoparasites, chez un sujet humain et animal. Thus, a first object of the present invention is to provide a composition comprising plant pyrethrum whose repulsive action against arthropods is not only improved and preserved, but also extended over time to ensure a residual insecticide effect. Another object of the present invention is to provide a plant pyrethrum composition capable of effectively repelling harmful arthropods, particularly ectoparasites, in a human and animal subject.
Un autre but de la présente invention consiste à fournir une composition comportant du pyrèthre végétal apte à induire un effet pesticide curatif lorsque le sujet est déjà infecté par des nuisibles, ainsi qu'un effet répulsif préventif pour éviter une ré-infestation d'un sujet par lesdits nuisibles. Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition comprising plant pyrethrum capable of inducing a curative pesticidal effect when the subject is already infected with pests, as well as a preventive repellent effect to prevent re-infestation of a subject. by the said pests.
On entend par « arthropodes nuisibles », les arachnides tels que les tiques, les acariens et les insectes tels que les mouches, les moustiques, les puces, les punaises de lit, les poux et ce, quelque soit leur stade de développement. "Arthropods harmful" means arachnids such as ticks, mites and insects such as flies, mosquitoes, fleas, bed bugs, lice and this, whatever their stage of development.
On entend par « contrôle » des nuisibles, l'action qui consiste soit à les repousser soit à les tuer soit les deux simultanément. "Control" of pests means the act of either repelling them or killing them, or both simultaneously.
On entend par « agent actif » le mélange synergique des ingrédients actifs à action répulsive et/ou pesticide ; ledit agent actif peut être associé à un ou plusieurs additifs de formulation appropriés lors de la formulation de la composition. By "active agent" is meant the synergistic mixture of the active ingredients with repellent and / or pesticidal action; said active agent may be combined with one or more suitable formulation additives during formulation of the composition.
La présente invention a, en conséquence, pour premier objet, une composition pour le contrôle des arthropodes nuisibles qui constituent des cibles susceptibles d'infester un sujet humain ou animal à traiter, composition renfermant un agent actif insecticide et/ou insectifuge dont la diffusion assure le contrôle desdits arthropodes nuisibles, ladite composition comportant, en outre, un véhicule d'application topique approprié pour permettre une distribution sur au moins une partie du corps dudit sujet à traiter, l'agent actif étant constitué par un mélange synergique de pyrèthre végétal, d'extrait naturel de margosa et d'au moins une huile essentielle, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend : The present invention therefore has, as a first object, a composition for the control of arthropods that are harmful targets that may infect a human or animal subject to be treated, a composition containing an insecticide and / or insect repellent active agent whose diffusion ensures the control of said harmful arthropods, said composition further comprising a suitable topical application vehicle to allow distribution over at least a part of the body of said subject to be treated, the active agent being constituted by a synergistic mixture of plant pyrethrum, natural extract of margosa and at least one essential oil, characterized in that it comprises:
0,15 à 10% en poids de pyrèthre végétal,  0.15 to 10% by weight of vegetable pyrethrum,
0,15 à 5% en poids d'extrait de margosa,  0.15 to 5% by weight of margosa extract,
0,15 à 10% en poids d'une huile essentielle,  0.15 to 10% by weight of an essential oil,
45 à 99,55% en poids de véhicule d'application topique,  45 to 99.55% by weight of topical application vehicle,
0 à 25% en poids d'additifs de formulation.  0 to 25% by weight of formulation additives.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le pyrèthre végétal est choisi parmi le pyrèthre du Caucase, le pyrèthre dalmate, le chrysanthème pesticide, le pyrèthre naturel et la pyréthrine.  According to one embodiment, the plant pyrethrum is selected from Caucasian pyrethrum, Dalmatian pyrethrum, pesticidal chrysanthemum, natural pyrethrum and pyrethrin.
Selon un mode de réalisation, l'huile essentielle est choisie dans le groupe formé par l'huile essentielle de cannelle, l'huile essentielle menthe verte, l'huile essentielle de menthe pouliot, l'huile essentielle de menthe des champs, l'huile essentielle de lemon-grass, l'huile essentielle de cèdre, l'huile essentielle de citronnelle, l'huile essentielle d'eucalyptus, l'huile essentielle de lavandin, l'huile essentielle de lavande, l'huile essentielle de palmarosa ou le mélange de celles-ci. According to one embodiment, the essential oil is selected from the group consisting of cinnamon essential oil, spearmint essential oil, pennyroyal essential oil, mint essential oil, lemongrass essential oil, cedar essential oil, lemongrass essential oil, eucalyptus essential oil, lavandin essential oil, lavender essential oil, palmarosa essential oil or the mixture of these.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulièrement préféré, l'huile essentielle est l'huile essentielle de lavandin ou l'huile essentielle de lavande. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the essential oil is lavandin essential oil or lavender essential oil.
Selon une variante de réalisation, l'huile essentielle peut être remplacée, à proportion égale, par leurs constituants majoritaires actifs. Lesdits constituants majoritaires peuvent être les alcools terpéniques comme le géraniol, le linalol, le p-menthane-diol, le menthol, les esters terpéniques, les aldéhydes. According to an alternative embodiment, the essential oil can be replaced, in equal proportion, by their active constituents. Said majority constituents may be terpene alcohols such as geraniol, linalool, p-menthane-diol, menthol, terpene esters, aldehydes.
Avantageusement, l'extrait naturel de margosa peut être substitué, à proportion égale, par l'huile de neem ou ses constituants actifs majoritaires ; il en est de même en ce qui concerne l'huile essentielle. Advantageously, the natural extract of margosa may be substituted, in equal proportion, by neem oil or its majority active constituents; it is the same with regard to the essential oil.
De manière surprenante, les inventeurs ont constaté que l'association des trois ingrédients actifs que sont le pyrèthre végétal, l'extrait naturel de margosa et une huile essentielle constituant l'agent actif formulé dans une composition permet d'obtenir un effet synergique sur l'effet recherché envers l'espèce des artiiropodes nuisibles. En faisant varier habilement le ratio entre ces trois ingrédients, il est possible soit d'obtenir une action répulsive, soit une action pesticide. D'une manière générale, on peut considérer qu'un fort taux de pyrèthre et/ou de margosa confère un effet pesticide à la composition alors qu'un fort taux d'huile essentielle confère majoritairement un effet répulsif. Surprisingly, the inventors have found that the combination of the three active ingredients, which are the plant pyrethrum, the natural extract of margosa and an essential oil constituting the active agent formulated in a composition makes it possible to obtain a synergistic effect on the skin. the desired effect on the species of parasitic arthropods. By skillfully varying the ratio between these three ingredients, it is possible either to obtain a repellent action or a pesticidal action. In general, it can be considered that a high rate of pyrethrum and / or margosa confers a pesticidal effect to the composition while a high level of essential oil confers mainly a repellent effect.
Avantageusement, l'agent actif de la composition est formulé sous forme liquide. Selon un mode de réalisation, le rapport massique pyrèdire végétal/extrait naturel de margosa/huile essentielle dans l'agent actif est compris entre 1 /1 /1 et 1 /1 /10. Advantageously, the active agent of the composition is formulated in liquid form. According to one embodiment, the vegetable pyridine / natural extract weight ratio of margosa / essential oil in the active agent is between 1/1/1 and 1/1/10.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la composition comprend : According to one embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises:
0,45 à 25% en poids d'agent actif constitué par un mélange synergique de pyrèthre végétal, d'extrait naturel de margosa et d'une huile essentielle,  0.45 to 25% by weight of active agent consisting of a synergistic mixture of vegetable pyrethrum, natural extract of margosa and an essential oil,
45 à 99,55 % en poids de véhicule d'application topique,  45 to 99.55% by weight of topical application vehicle,
0 à 25% en poids d'additifs de formulation.  0 to 25% by weight of formulation additives.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la quantité des constituants de l'huile essentielle est comprise entre 0,15 et 10% en poids de la composition. According to one embodiment, the amount of constituents of the essential oil is between 0.15 and 10% by weight of the composition.
Avantageusement, la composition de la présente invention, grâce à l'agent actif, a une fonction préventive doublée d'une fonction curative pour le contrôle des arthropodes nuisibles.  Advantageously, the composition of the present invention, thanks to the active agent, has a preventive function coupled with a curative function for the control of arthropods harmful.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le véhicule d'application topique peut être un liquide, particulièrement de l'eau, une huile végétale ou une matrice polymère solide ayant été mise en forme, ou sous forme de poudre particulaite ou encore sous forme de granulés, l'agent actif étant incorporé dans ladite matrice polymère. According to one embodiment, the topical application vehicle may be a liquid, particularly water, a vegetable oil or a solid polymer matrix having been shaped, or in the form of a particular powder or in the form of granules, the active agent being incorporated in said polymer matrix.
La composition peut comporter des additifs de formulation appropriés selon l'état du véhicule d'application topique utilisé. En effet, il est possible d'incorporer l'agent actif au sein du véhicule d'application topique en l'absence d'additif de formulation. The composition may comprise appropriate formulation additives depending on the state of the topical application vehicle used. Indeed, it is possible to incorporate the active agent into the topical application vehicle in the absence of formulation additive.
Lorsque le véhicule d'application topique est un liquide ou un semi-liquide, l'agent actif est formulé en lotion, en spray, en émulsion, en suspension, en concentré liquide, en concentré émulsifiable, en crème, en mousse, en gel, en pommade, en pâte. When the topical application vehicle is a liquid or a semi-liquid, the active agent is formulated in lotion, spray, emulsion, suspension, liquid concentrate, emulsifiable concentrate, cream, foam, gel , ointment, paste.
Lorsque le véhicule d'appHcation topique est une matrice polymère solide biodégradable ou non, l'agent actif y est incorporé, en association ou non avec un ou plusieurs additifs de formulation. When the topical application vehicle is a biodegradable or non-biodegradable solid polymer matrix, the active agent is incorporated therein, in association or not with one or more formulation additives.
Dans une première variante de ce mode de réalisation, les polymères biodégradables sont choisis dans le groupe formé par des polymères d'origine végétale (agropolymères) à base de polysaccharides, d'amidon, de celluloses et ses dérivés, de protéines ; des biopolyesters de la famille des polyhydroxyalcanoates (PHA), des polylactides (PLA), des pol caprolactones (PCL), des polyesteramides (PEA), des copolyesters aliphatiques (PBSA), des copolyesters aromatiques (PTAT). In a first variant of this embodiment, the biodegradable polymers are chosen from the group formed by polymers of plant origin (agropolymers) based on polysaccharides, starch, celluloses and its derivatives, proteins; biopolyesters of the family of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), polylactides (PLA), polcaprolactones (PCL), polyesteramides (PEA), aliphatic copolyesters (PBSA), aromatic copolyesters (PTAT).
Dans une seconde variante de ce mode de réalisation, ladite matrice polymère thermoplastique synthétique est constituée d'un copolymère d'éthylène et d'acétate de vinyle (EVA), dont le taux d'acétate de vinyle est compris entre 15 et 60% en poids. Dans une troisième variante de ce mode de réalisation, la matrice polymère thermoplastique synthétique est choisie dans le groupe formé par des élastomères thermoplastiques (TPE) comme des copolyamides et les polyamides (PA) de grades absorbants, des polyéthers block amide de grades absorbants, des polyéthylènes greffés amidon, des polychlorures de vinyle ; des thermoplastiques vulcanisés ; des polyuréthanes thermoplastiques à base d'esters ou d'éthers ; des polymères styréniques tels que les SIS, les SEBS ou un mélange de tous ces polymères. In a second variant of this embodiment, said synthetic thermoplastic polymer matrix consists of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA), the vinyl acetate content of which is between 15 and 60% by weight. weight. In a third variant of this embodiment, the synthetic thermoplastic polymer matrix is chosen from the group formed by thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) such as copolyamides and polyamides (PA) of absorbent grades, absorbent grade polyamide amide blockers, starch grafted polyethylenes; polyvinyl chlorides; vulcanized thermoplastics; thermoplastic polyurethanes based on esters or ethers; styrenic polymers such as SIS, SEBS or a mixture of all these polymers.
Dans une quatrième variante de ce mode de réalisation, la matrice polymère solide est une poudre particulaire d'origine minérale ou synthétique. In a fourth variant of this embodiment, the solid polymer matrix is a particulate powder of mineral or synthetic origin.
Dans le cas d'une matrice polymère thermoplastique, ladite matrice est mise en forme par des techniques de plasturgie bien connues de l'Homme du métier à savoir par extorsion, par injection moulage, par enduction ou encore par thermopressage. In the case of a thermoplastic polymer matrix, said matrix is shaped by plastics techniques well known to those skilled in the art, namely by extortion, by injection molding, by coating or by thermopressing.
Dans une cinquième variante de ce mode de réalisation, la matrice polymère est un thermodur qui est un polyuréthane réticulé à base d'isocyanate et de polyols ou une polyurée à base d'isocyanate et de polyamine. Le polyuréthane réticulé est obtenu à partir d'une résine polyol liquide ou rendue liquide et un isocyanate liquide ou rendu liquide et une puis mis en forme par coulée. La polyurée réticulée est obtenue à partir d'une résine polyamine liquide ou rendue liquide et un isocyanate liquide ou rendu liquide puis mis en forme par coulée. L'isocyanate est choisi parmi le groupe formé par les isocyanates avec au minimum 2 fonctionnalités, de structure aromatique ou aliphatique. On peut citer les TDI (diisocyanate de toluène), HDI (diisocyanate d'hexaméthylène), MDI (diisocyanate de diphénylméthylène), H12MDI (dicyclohéxylméthane diisocyanate), IPDI (isophorone diisocyanate), NDI (naphtalène diisocyanate), TODI (O-tolidine diisocyanate), PPDI (para-phénylène diisocyanate) et leurs prépolymères. In a fifth variant of this embodiment, the polymer matrix is a thermoset which is a crosslinked polyurethane based on isocyanate and polyols or a polyurea based on isocyanate and polyamine. The crosslinked polyurethane is obtained from a liquid or liquid rendered polyol resin and a liquid or liquid isocyanate and then formed by casting. The crosslinked polyurea is obtained from a liquid polyamine resin or made liquid and a liquid isocyanate or made liquid and then shaped by casting. The isocyanate is chosen from the group formed by isocyanates with at least 2 functionalities, of aromatic or aliphatic structure. There may be mentioned TDI (toluene diisocyanate), HDI (hexamethylene diisocyanate), MDI (diphenylmethylene diisocyanate), H12MDI (dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate), IPDI (isophorone diisocyanate), NDI (naphthalene diisocyanate), TODI (O-tolidine diisocyanate) ), PPDI (para-phenylene diisocyanate) and their prepolymers.
La résine polyol est choisie parmi celle ayant au minimum 2 fonctionnalités hydroxyle, à chaîne longue ou à chaîne courte, à base de polyesters, de polyéthers, de polythioéthers, de polyacétals, de polycarbonates, de polyestéramides, d'huiles végétales naturellement hydroxylées ou modifiées ou le mélange de ceux-ci. Les polyamines sont celles ayant au moins 2 fonctionnalités aminé, choisies parmi les polyétheramines, aliphatiques ou aromatiques. The polyol resin is chosen from that having at least 2 long-chain or short-chain hydroxyl functionalities, based on polyesters, polyethers, polythioethers, polyacetals, polycarbonates, polyesteramides, naturally hydroxylated or modified vegetable oils. or the mixture of these. The polyamines are those having at least 2 amino functional groups, chosen from polyetheramines, aliphatic or aromatic.
La nature desdits additifs de formulation de la composition est choisie en fonction de la forme galénique finale (ex : crème, lotion, gel, etc.) ou en matrice polymère solide (ex : collier, bracelet, patch, médaillon, etc.). The nature of said additives for formulation of the composition is chosen as a function of the final dosage form (eg cream, lotion, gel, etc.) or of solid polymer matrix (eg necklace, bracelet, patch, medallion, etc.).
Les additifs de formulation pouvant être choisis parmi l'eau, des huiles végétales, un tensioactif, un émulsifiant, un antioxydant, un stabilisant, un épaississant, un agent moussant, un agent filmogène, un conservateur, un anti-UV, des charges inertes d'origine minérale sous forme de poudre, un gélifiant, un colorant, un parfum de synthèse ou d'origine naturelle ou un mélange de ceux-ci. The formulation additives may be chosen from water, vegetable oils, a surfactant, an emulsifier, an antioxidant, a stabilizer, a thickener, a foaming agent, a film-forming agent, a preservative, an anti-UV, inert fillers of mineral origin in the form of powder, a gelling agent, a colorant, a synthetic or natural fragrance or a mixture thereof.
La présente invention a, un second objet, un procédé pour le contrôle des arthropodes nuisibles qui constituent des cibles susceptibles d'infester un sujet humain ou animal à traiter, procédé selon lequel on applique une composition sur au moins une partie du corps dudit sujet, ladite composition qui renferme un agent actif insecticide et/ ou insectifuge, comporte, en outre, un véhicule d'application topique approprié, l'agent actif étant constitué par un mélange synergique de pyrèthre végétal, d'extrait naturel de margosa et d'au moins une huile essentielle, caractérisé en ce que ladite composition comprend : The present invention has, a second object, a method for the control of arthropods that are harmful targets that may infect a human or animal subject to be treated, a method according to which a composition is applied to at least a part of the body of said subject, said composition which contains an insecticidal and / or insect repellent active agent, furthermore comprises a suitable topical application vehicle, the active agent being constituted by a synergistic mixture of vegetable pyrethrum, natural extract of margosa and less an essential oil, characterized in that said composition comprises:
0,15 à 10% en poids de pyrèthre végétal,  0.15 to 10% by weight of vegetable pyrethrum,
0,15 à 5% en poids d'extrait de margosa,  0.15 to 5% by weight of margosa extract,
0,15 à 10% en poids d'une huile essentielle,  0.15 to 10% by weight of an essential oil,
45 à 99,55% en poids de véhicule d'application topique,  45 to 99.55% by weight of topical application vehicle,
0 à 25% en poids d'additifs de formulation.  0 to 25% by weight of formulation additives.
Selon une mise en œuvre, le pyrèthre végétal peut être choisi parmi le pyrèthre du Caucase, le pyrèthre dalmate, le chrysanthème pesticide, le pyrèthre naturel et la pyréthrine.  According to one embodiment, the plant pyrethrum may be selected from Caucasian pyrethrum, Dalmatian pyrethrum, pesticidal chrysanthemum, natural pyrethrum and pyrethrin.
Selon une mise en œuvre, l'huile essentielle peut être choisie dans le groupe formé par l'huile essentielle de cannelle, l'huile essentielle menthe verte, l'huile essentielle de menthe pouliot, l'hiule essentielle de menthe des champs, l'huile essentielle de lemon-grass, l'huile essentielle de cèdre, l'huile essentielle de citronnelle, l'huile essentielle d'eucalyptus, l'huile essentielle de lavandin, l'huile essentielle de lavande, l'huile essentielle de palmarosa ou le mélange de celles-ci. According to one implementation, the essential oil can be selected from the group consisting of cinnamon essential oil, spearmint essential oil, pennyroyal essential oil, essential mint of field mint lemongrass essential oil, cedar essential oil, lemongrass essential oil, eucalyptus essential oil, lavandin essential oil, lavender essential oil, palmarosa essential oil or the mixture thereof.
Selon une mise en œuvre, le rapport massique pyrèthre végétal/ extrait naturel de margosa/huile essentielle dans l'agent actif est compris entre 1/1 /1 et 1 /1 / 0. According to one embodiment, the ratio of vegetable pyrethrum / natural extract of margosa / essential oil in the active agent is between 1/1 / 1 and 1/1/0.
Selon une mise en œuvre, le véhicule d'application topique peut être un liquide ou un semi-liquide dans lequel l'agent actif est formulé en lotion, en spray, en émulsion, en suspension, en concentré liquide, en concentré émulsifiable, en crème, en mousse, en gel, en pommade, en pâte. According to one embodiment, the topical application vehicle can be a liquid or a semi-liquid in which the active agent is formulated in lotion, spray, emulsion, suspension, liquid concentrate, emulsifiable concentrate, cream, foam, gel, ointment, paste.
Selon une mise en œuvre, le véhicule d'application topique peut être une matrice solide choisie parmi des polymères biodégradables, des polymères thermoplastiques synthétiques, des thermodurs en polyurédiane coulé, de la poudre particulaire d'origine minérale ou synthétique. According to one embodiment, the topical application vehicle may be a solid matrix chosen from biodegradable polymers, synthetic thermoplastic polymers, cast polyuredian thermosets, particulate powder of mineral or synthetic origin.
Les exemples ci-après sont fournis pour illustrer la composition selon la présente invention, sans en restreindre sa portée. The following examples are provided to illustrate the composition of the present invention, without restricting its scope.
Exemple 1 : Composition renfermant un agent actif conforme à l'invention pour le contrôle des puces et des tiques chez un animal de compagnie. Ingrédients Fonction Ratio ingrédient actif Quantité (%)Example 1: Composition containing an active agent according to the invention for the control of fleas and ticks in a pet. Ingredients Function Ratio Active Ingredient Quantity (%)
Pyrèthre végétal actif 1 0,4 Active plant pyrethrum 1 0.4
Huile essentielle de lavande actif 3,75 1,5  Lavender essential oil active 3,75 1,5
Extrait naturel de margosa actif 3,75 1,5  Natural extract of active margosa 3.75 1.5
Parfum additif 1 ,1  Additive fragrance 1, 1
Huile de coprah véhicule 95,5  Coprah oil vehicle 95.5
Tableau 1 : formulation d'une composition en lotion répulsive antipuces et anti-tiques  Table 1: formulation of a repellent anti-tick and anti-tick ticking composition
Figure imgf000009_0001
Figure imgf000009_0001
Tableau 2 : formulation d'une composition répulsive antipuces et anti-tiques dont le véhicule est une matrice EVA  Table 2: formulation of a repellent anti-flea and anti-tick composition whose vehicle is an EVA matrix
Les tests ont été réalisés en adéquation avec les recommandations de l'Union Européenne sur les produits biocides (EC 2012).  The tests were carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the European Union on biocidal products (EC 2012).
Test sur les puces : Flea test:
Pour cette expérience, des puces adultes des deux sexes mélangés Ctenocephalides fe/is (Bouché, 1835) (Siphonaptera : Pulicidae) sont utilisées. L'étude a été menée dans un olfactomètre à quatre entrées décrit par Vet et al. (1983). Ce type de dispositif permet d'évaluer strictement l'effet répulsif de l'odeur d'un produit (PT1 de la réglementation biocide), sans contact direct avec celui-ci pour éviter les biais liés à une éventuelle toxicité (PT18 de la réglementation biocide). Ce test in vitro est une méthode viable permettant de limiter les tests de produits sur animaux comme recommandé par la directive européenne 2010/63/UE. For this experiment, adult fleas of both sexes mixed Ctenocephalides (Ischia, 1835) (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) are used. The study was conducted in a four-way olfactometer described by Vet et al. (1983). This type of device makes it possible to strictly evaluate the repellent effect of the odor of a product (PT1 of the biocidal regulation), without direct contact with it to avoid bias related to possible toxicity (PT18 of the regulation biocide). This in vitro test is a viable method to limit the testing of animal products as recommended by European Directive 2010/63 / EU.
Pour ce faire, dans chaque bras, l'air bulle à travers le pot rempli d'eau distillée pour être humidifié, puis transite via le pot contenant la composition à tester ou le contrôle avant d'entrer dans l'olfactomètre au centre duquel il est aspiré. Il se crée ainsi à l'intérieur de l'olfactomètre quatre zones odorantes distinctes, correspondant aux quatre bras de l'olfactomètre. Environ 20 puces sont introduites au centre de l'olfactomètre, puis toutes les 30 secondes pendant 20 minutes, le nombre de puces présentes dans chaque bras est comptabilisé. Le nombre total cumulé de puces pour chacune des deux odeurs (lotion du tableau 1 et contrôle) permet de calculer un indice comportemental selon la formule I— (T-C)/ (T+C) avec T le nombre total cumulé de puces dans les deux bras contenant l'odeur test et C le nombre total cumulé de puces dans les deux bras contenant l'odeur contrôle. Cet indice varie de -1 (répulsif) à + / (attractif). La validité de l'effet comportemental est statistiquement vérifiée par un test de Mann-Whitney grâce au logiciel R. La manipulation est répétée six fois en alternant les positions des pots tests et contrôles afin de couvrir toutes les six différentes combinaisons possibles. To do this, in each arm, the air bubbles through the pot filled with distilled water to be moistened, then passes through the pot containing the composition to be tested or control before entering the olfactometer in the center of which it is sucked. This creates four distinct odorous zones within the olfactometer, corresponding to the four arms of the olfactometer. About 20 chips are introduced in the center of the olfactometer, then every 30 seconds for 20 minutes, the number of chips in each arm is counted. The cumulative total number of chips for each of the two odors (lotion of Table 1 and control) makes it possible to calculate a behavioral index according to the formula I- (TC) / (T + C) with T the cumulative total number of chips in both arm containing the odor test and C the cumulative total number of fleas in both arms containing the odor control. This index varies from -1 (repellent) to + / (attractive). The validity of the behavioral effect is statistically verified by a Mann-Whitney test through to software R. The manipulation is repeated six times by alternating the positions of the test pots and controls to cover all six different possible combinations.
Résultat sur les puces : (n—6 réplicas)
Figure imgf000010_0001
Result on chips: (n-6 replicas)
Figure imgf000010_0001
Tableau 3 : résultat sur la répulsivité de la lotion du tableau 1 vis-à-vis des puces  Table 3: Effect on the repellency of the lotion of Table 1 with respect to fleas
A chaque réplica, l'indice comportemental mesuré était inférieur à 0, donnant un indice moyen nettement inférieur à cette valeur seuil. Les puces évitent ainsi significativement les bras de l'olfactomètre contenant la lotion (Tableau 3 ; test de Wilcoxon, W=0, ^<0,01). At each replica, the behavioral index measured was less than 0, giving a mean index significantly lower than this threshold value. The chips thus significantly avoid the arms of the olfactometer containing the lotion (Table 3, Wilcoxon test, W = 0.01 <0.01).
On peut considérer que l'association synergique des ingrédients de l'agent actif constitué par le pyrèthre végétal, l'extrait de margosa et l'huile essentielle de lavandin de la composition de la présente invention formulée en lotion repousse significativement les puces. It can be considered that the synergistic combination of the ingredients of the active agent constituted by the vegetable pyrethrum, the margosa extract and the lavandin essential oil of the composition of the present invention formulated in lotion significantly repels the fleas.
Test sur les tiques : Tick test:
Pour cette expérience, des nymphes de stade IV Ixodes nâmis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Acari: Ixodidae) sont utilisées. L'étude a été menée selon le protocole inspiré de la publication de Dautel et al. ( 999). Pour ce faire, un papier filtre comportant ou non la lotion à tester (tableau 1 : environ 0,1 mL) est fixé sur un ballon rempli d'eau chaude. Une tige est placée horizontalement à environ 1 à 2 mm devant le papier filtre et une tique est déposée à environ 2 cm de son extrémité. Trois étapes comportementales sont alors notées : la tique marche jusqu'au bout de la tige (walfi), s'accroche sur le papier filtre (clin^j et se déplace sur le papier filtre sans s'en laisser tomber (stay). Douze réplicas sont réalisés pour lé contrôle et la lotion consignée au tableau 1. Pour chaque réponse comportementale, le test statistique du Chi carré est appliqué via le logiciel R, afin de comparer la significativité des réponses entre le test et le contrôle et ainsi évaluer statistiquement l'efficacité répulsive de la composition selon l'invention. For this experiment, nymphs of stage IV Ixodes nâmis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Acari: Ixodidae) are used. The study was conducted according to the protocol inspired by the publication of Dautel et al. (999). To do this, a filter paper with or without the lotion to be tested (Table 1: about 0.1 ml) is fixed on a balloon filled with hot water. A rod is placed horizontally about 1 to 2 mm in front of the filter paper and a tick is deposited about 2 cm from its end. Three behavioral steps are then noted: the tick walks to the end of the stem (walfi), clings to the filter paper (clinch) and moves on the filter paper without dropping (stay). Replicas are made for the control and lotion recorded in Table 1. For each behavioral response, the Chi square statistical test is applied via the R software, in order to compare the significance of the responses between the test and the control and thus statistically evaluate the response. repulsive efficacy of the composition according to the invention.
Résultat sur les tiques : (n— 12 réplicas) Result on ticks: (n-12 replicas)
Figure imgf000010_0002
Figure imgf000010_0002
Tableau 4 : résultat sur la répulsivité de la composition en lotion vis-à-vis des tiques  Table 4: Result on repellency of the lotion composition with respect to ticks
La composition selon la présente invention formulée en lotion a démontré une bonne activité répulsive contre les tiques, l'accroche (clin ) et le séjour (stay) sur le stimulus en présence de la lotion en pipette étant significativement réduite comparée au contrôle (Tableau 4 ; test du Chi carré, ρ<0,0ί). The composition according to the present invention formulated in lotion has demonstrated a good repulsive activity against ticks, hang (clin) and stay (stay) on the stimulus in the presence of the pipette lotion being significantly reduced compared to control (Table 4, Chi square test, ρ <0.0ί).
En conclusion, dans les conditions de cette expérience, avec les échantillons testés et les méthodologies employées, la composition selon la présente invention a démontré une bonne action répulsive contre les puces et les tiques. In conclusion, under the conditions of this experiment, with the samples tested and the methodologies employed, the composition according to the present invention has demonstrated a good repulsive action against fleas and ticks.
Exemple 2 : Essai de répulsion envers les puces et les tiques de chacun des ingrédients de l'agent actif dissouts dans une huile végétale. Example 2 Flea and Tick Repulsion Test of Each Ingredient of the Active Agent Dissolved in Vegetable Oil
Test sur les puces : Flea test:
Le protocole décrit dans l'exemple 1 a aussi été utilisé dans le présent exemple pour tester l'effet de chacun des ingrédients actifs sur les puces. The protocol described in Example 1 was also used in this example to test the effect of each of the active ingredients on the chips.
Test sur les tiques : Tick test:
Le test d'évaluation a été effectué conformément au protocole décrit par Krober et al, (2013). Pour résumer la méthode, environ 0,1 mL de solution (ingrédient actif dissout dans huile végétale) à tester est appliquée sur un cercle (diamètre 13 cm) dessiné sur une plaque de verre inclinée et chauffée. Après 5 minutes, deux tiques testées simultanément sont placées sur un disque en alui iinium (diamètre 3 cm) positionné au centre de la zone traitée. Le comportement de chaque tique est alors observé: si elle monte la plaque de verre, la solution est considérée comme ineffective alors que si elle se laisse tomber ou redescend la plaque de verre, la solution est considérée comme répulsive. Douze réplicas pour chaque solution et le contrôle sont réalisés et le pourcentage moyen de répulsion efficace est ensuite calculé.  The evaluation test was performed according to the protocol described by Krober et al. (2013). To summarize the method, approximately 0.1 mL of solution (active ingredient dissolved in vegetable oil) to be tested is applied on a circle (diameter 13 cm) drawn on a sloped glass plate and heated. After 5 minutes, two ticks tested simultaneously are placed on a disk of aluminum (3 cm diameter) positioned in the center of the treated area. The behavior of each tick is then observed: if it rises the glass plate, the solution is considered ineffective whereas if it drops or drops the glass plate, the solution is considered repulsive. Twelve replicas for each solution and control are made and the average percentage of effective repulsion is then calculated.
Résultat sur les tiques : (n= 12 réplicas) Result on ticks: (n = 12 replicas)
Le tableau 5 ci-dessous montre les résultats résumant l'activité répulsive, envers les tiques, de chacun des ingrédients de l'agent actif de la composition de la présente invention en solution. Table 5 below shows the results summarizing the tick repellent activity of each of the ingredients of the active agent of the composition of the present invention in solution.
Figure imgf000011_0001
Figure imgf000011_0001
Tableau 5 : Pourcentage de tiques affectées par différentes concentrations des ingrédients de l'agent actif  Table 5: Percentage of ticks affected by different concentrations of ingredients in the active agent
Résultat sur les puces : (η=6 réplicas)  Result on chips: (η = 6 replicas)
Le tableau 6 ci-dessous récapitule le taux de l'effet répulsif, envers les puces, de chacun des ingrédients de l'agent actif dilué à 5% dans la même huile végétale mentionnée dans le tableau 5. a,v »« y y y y, Table 6 below summarizes the rate of the flea repellent effect of each ingredient of the active agent diluted to 5% in the same vegetable oil mentioned in Table 5. a, v "" yyyy,
Figure imgf000012_0002
Figure imgf000012_0002
Tableau 6 : Indice comportemental (I) mesuré sur des puces face à la diffusion atmosphérique des différents ingrédients de l'agent actif, dilués à 5% dans de l'huile végétale.  Table 6: Behavioral index (I) measured on chips against the atmospheric diffusion of the various ingredients of the active agent, diluted to 5% in vegetable oil.
En conclusion, dans les conditions de cette expérience, avec les échantillons testés et les méthodologies employées, on observe que le pyrèthre végétal à 0,1 % induit 100% d'effet répulsif envers les tiques (Tableau 5); alors qu'à une quantité bien plus élevée de 5%, il ne provoque aucun effet répulsif envers les puces (Tableau 6). En revanche, l'huile essentielle de lavandin qui donne de faibles résultats répulsifs sur les tiques à 1 % (Tableau 5) donne de très bons résultats de répulsivité sur les puces à 5% (Tableau 6 ; test de Wilcoxon, W:=0, i<0,01). In conclusion, under the conditions of this experiment, with the samples tested and the methodologies employed, it is observed that the vegetable pyrethrum 0.1% induces 100% repellent effect against ticks (Table 5); while at a much higher amount of 5%, it does not cause any repellent effect on fleas (Table 6). In contrast, the essential oil of lavender which gives low results repellents on 1% tick (Table 5) gives very good results of repellency on the chips 5% (Table 6; Wilcoxon test, W: = 0 , <0.01).
Exemple 3 : Effet insecticide de chacun des ingrédients de l'agent actif de la composition sur les puces. Example 3: Insecticidal effect of each of the ingredients of the active agent of the composition on fleas.
L'étude de l'évaluation de l'effet insecticide est menée selon un protocole basé sur les recommandations de la réglementation biocide PT18 (EC 2012) et de l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS, 1981). Trois groupes de puces mâles et trois groupes de puces femelles ont été testés pour chaque produit et la mortalité a été vérifiée à 24 heures, comme réclamé par la réglementation biocide (EC 2012). The study of the evaluation of the insecticidal effect is conducted according to a protocol based on the recommendations of the PT18 biocidal regulation (EC 2012) and the World Health Organization (WHO, 1981). Three groups of male fleas and three groups of female fleas were tested for each product and the mortality was verified at 24 hours, as required by the biocidal regulation (EC 2012).
Les ingrédients de l'agent actif testés, pour un volume de 500 uL chacun, sont le pyrèthre végétal, l'huile essentielle de lavandin, l'extrait de margosa et une lotion contenant un mélange de 2,1 μΧ, de pyrèthre végétal, 7,7 uL d'huile essentielle de lavandin, 7,7 μΕ d'extrait de margosa et 482,5
Figure imgf000012_0001
d'huile végétale, soit un volume total de 500 jxL. The ingredients of the active agent tested, for a volume of 500 μL each, are the vegetable pyrethrum, the essential oil of lavender, the extract of margosa and a lotion containing a mixture of 2.1 μΧ, of pyrethrum vegetable, 7.7 μL of lavandin essential oil, 7.7 μΕ of margosa extract and 482.5
Figure imgf000012_0001
of vegetable oil, ie a total volume of 500 jxL.
Figure imgf000012_0003
Figure imgf000012_0003
Tableau 7 : Pourcentage de puces survivantes après 24 heures et 96 heures d'exposition.  Table 7: Percentage of surviving fleas after 24 hours and 96 hours of exposure.
L'effet insecticide de chacun des ingrédients de l'agent actif ne semble pas être lié au sexe des puces. Alors que 92%± 1,2% des puces survivent après 24 heures (contrôle), on observe que moins de 20% survivent en présence d'un des trois ingrédients de l'agent actif ou de la lotion laquelle étant 25 fois moins concentrée en agent actif. The insecticidal effect of each of the ingredients of the active agent does not appear to be related to the sex of the fleas. While 92% ± 1.2% of fleas survive after 24 hours (control), it is observed that less than 20% survive in the presence of one of the three ingredients of the active agent or lotion which is 25 times less concentrated. active agent.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Composition pour le contrôle des arthropodes nuisibles qui constituent des cibles susceptibles d'infester un sujet humain ou animal à traiter, composition renfermant un agent actif insecticide et/ ou insectifuge dont la diffusion assure le contrôle desdits arthropodes nuisibles, ladite composition comportant, en outre, un véhicule d'application topique approprié pour permettre une distribution sur au moins une partie du corps dudit sujet à traiter, l'agent actif étant constitué par un mélange synergique de pyrèthre végétal, d'extrait naturel de margosa et d'au moins une huile essentielle, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend : 1. A composition for the control of arthropod pests that are targets likely to infest a human or animal subject to be treated, a composition containing an insecticide active agent and / or insect repellent whose diffusion ensures the control of said arthropods harmful, said composition comprising, in in addition, a topical application vehicle suitable for allowing a distribution on at least a part of the body of said subject to be treated, the active agent being constituted by a synergistic mixture of plant pyrethrum, natural extract of margosa and at least an essential oil, characterized in that it comprises:
0,15 à 0% en poids de pyrèthre végétal,  0.15 to 0% by weight of vegetable pyrethrum,
0,15 à 5% en. poids d'extrait de margosa,  0.15 to 5% in. weight of margosa extract,
0, 5 à 10% en poids d'une huile essentielle,  0.5 to 10% by weight of an essential oil,
45 à 99,55% en poids de véhicule d'application topique,  45 to 99.55% by weight of topical application vehicle,
0 à 25% en poids d'additifs de formulation.  0 to 25% by weight of formulation additives.
2. Composition selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le pyrèthre végétal est choisi parmi le pyrèthre du Caucase, le pyrèthre dalmate, le chrysanthème pesticide, le pyrèthre naturel et la pyréthrine. 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the plant pyrethrum is selected from Caucasian pyrethrum, Dalmatian pyrethrum, pesticide chrysanthemum, natural pyrethrum and pyrethrin.
3. Composition selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'huile essentielle est choisie dans le groupe formé par l'huile essentielle de cannelle, l'huile essentielle menthe verte, l'huile essentielle de menthe pouliot, l'huile essentielle de menthe des champs, l'huile essentielle de lemon-grass, l'huile essentielle de cèdre, l'huile essentielle de citronnelle, l'huile essentielle d'eucalyptus, l'huile essentielle de lavandin, l'huile essentielle de lavande, l'huile essentielle de palmarosa ou le mélange de celles-ci. 3. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the essential oil is selected from the group consisting of cinnamon essential oil, spearmint essential oil, pennyroyal essential oil, essential oil of field mint, lemongrass essential oil, cedar essential oil, lemongrass essential oil, eucalyptus essential oil, lavandin essential oil, lavender essential oil, lemon grass essential oil of palmarosa or the mixture thereof.
4. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 et 3, caractérisée en ce que l'huile essentielle est l'huile essentielle de lavandin ou huile essentielle de lavande. 4. Composition according to one of claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the essential oil is essential oil of lavandin or essential oil of lavender.
5. Composition selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'extrait naturel de margosa est substitué, à proportion égale, par l'huile de neem ou ses constituants actifs majoritaires. 5. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the natural extract of margosa is substituted, in equal proportion, by neem oil or its major active constituents.
6. Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le rapport massique pyrèthre végétal/ extrait naturel de margosa/huile essentielle dans l'agent actif est compris entre 1 /1 /1 et 1 /1 /10. 6. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the weight ratio plant pyrethrum / natural extract of margosa / essential oil in the active agent is between 1/1/1 and 1/1/10.
7. Composition selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que, le véhicule d'application topique est un liquide ou un semi-liquide dans lequel l'agent actif est formulé en lotion, en spray, en émulsion, en suspension, en concentré liquide, en concentré émulsifiable, en crème, en mousse, en gel, en pommade, en pâte. 7. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the topical application vehicle is a liquid or a semi-liquid in which the active agent is formulated in lotion, spray, emulsion, suspension, liquid concentrate. , in emulsifiable concentrate, in cream, in mousse, in gel, in ointment, in paste.
8. Composition selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le véhicule d'application topique est une matrice solide en polymères biodégradables choisis dans le groupe formé par des polymères d'origine végétale (agropolymères) à base de polysaccharides, d'amidon, de celluloses et ses dérivés, de protéines ; des biopolyesters de la famille des polyhydroxyalcanoates (PHA), des polylactides (PLA), des polycaprolactones (PCL), des polyesteramides (PEA), des copolyesters aliphatiques (PBSA), des copolyesters aromatiques (PTAT). 8. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the topical application vehicle is a solid matrix of biodegradable polymers selected from the group consisting of polymers of plant origin (agropolymers) based on polysaccharides, starch, celluloses and its derivatives, of proteins; biopolyesters of the family of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), polylactides (PLA), polycaprolactones (PCL), polyesteramides (PEA), aliphatic copolyesters (PBSA), aromatic copolyesters (PTAT).
9. Composition selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que le véhicule d'application topique est une matrice solide en polymère thermoplastique synthétique constitué d'un copolymère d'éthylène et d'acétate de vinyle, dont le taux d'acétate de vinyle est compris entre 15 et 60% en poids. 9. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the topical application vehicle is a solid matrix of synthetic thermoplastic polymer consisting of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate, the vinyl acetate level is between 15 and 60% by weight.
10. Composition selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que le véhicule d'application topique est une matrice solide en polymères thermoplastiques synthétiques choisis dans le groupe formé par des élastomères thermoplastiques (TPE) comme des copolyamides et les polyamides (PA) de grades absorbants, des polyéthers block amide de grades absorbants, des polyéthylènes greffés amidon, des polychlorures de vinyle ; des thermoplastiques vulcanisés ; des polyuréthanes thermoplastiques à base d'esters ou d'éthers ; des polymères styrémques tels que les SIS, les SEBS ou un mélange de tous ces polymères 10. Composition according to claim 9, characterized in that the topical application vehicle is a solid matrix of synthetic thermoplastic polymers selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) such as copolyamides and polyamides (PA) of absorbent grades absorbent grade polyether amide blockers, starch grafted polyethylenes, polyvinyl chlorides; vulcanized thermoplastics; thermoplastic polyurethanes based on esters or ethers; styrene polymers such as SIS, SEBS or a mixture of all these polymers
11. Composition selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisée en ce que la matrice polymère solide est une poudre particulaire d'origine minérale ou synthétique. 11. Composition according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the solid polymer matrix is a particulate powder of mineral or synthetic origin.
12. Composition selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la matrice polymère est un thermodur en polyuréthane coulé à base de d'isocyanate et de polyols ou une polyurée à base d'isocyanate et de polyamine. 12. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer matrix is a polyurethane heat-cast polyurethane based on isocyanate and polyols or polyurea based on isocyanate and polyamine.
13. Procédé pour le contrôle des arthropodes nuisibles qui constituent des cibles susceptibles d'infester un sujet humain ou animal à traiter, procédé selon lequel on applique une composition sur au moins une partie du corps dudit sujet, ladite composition qui renferme un agent actif insecticide et/ ou insectifuge, comporte, en outre, un véhicule d'application topique approprié, l'agent actif étant constitué par un mélange synergique de pyrèthre végétal, d'extrait naturel de margosa et d'au moins une huile essentielle, caractérisé en ce que ladite composition comprend : 13. A method for the control of arthropod pests which are targets likely to infest a human or animal subject to be treated, the method according to which a composition is applied to at least a part of the body of said subject, said composition containing an insecticidal active agent and / or insect repellent, comprises, in addition, a suitable topical application vehicle, the active agent being constituted by a synergistic mixture of vegetable pyrethrum, natural extract of margosa and at least one essential oil, characterized in that that said composition comprises:
0,15 à 10% en poids de pyrèthre végétal,  0.15 to 10% by weight of vegetable pyrethrum,
0,15 à 5% en poids d'extrait de margosa,  0.15 to 5% by weight of margosa extract,
0, 5 à 10% en poids d'une huile essentielle,  0.5 to 10% by weight of an essential oil,
45 à 99,55% en poids de véhicule d'application topique,  45 to 99.55% by weight of topical application vehicle,
0 à 25% en poids d'additifs de formulation. 0 to 25% by weight of formulation additives.
14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le pyrèthre végétal est choisi parmi le pyrèthre du Caucase, le pyrèthre dalmate, le chrysanthème pesticide, le pyrèthre naturel et la pyréthrine. 14. The method of claim 13, characterized in that the plant pyrethrum is selected from the pyrethrum of the Caucasus, pyrethrum Dalmatian, chrysanthemum pesticide, natural pyrethrum and pyrethrin.
15. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'huile essentielle est choisie dans le groupe formé par l'huile essentielle de cannelle, l'huile essentielle menthe verte, l'huile essentielle de mendie pouliot, l'huile essentielle de menthe des champs, l'huile essentielle de lemon-grass, l'huile essentielle de cèdre, l'huile essentielle de citronnelle, l'huile essentielle d'eucalyptus, l'huile essentielle de lavandin, l'huile essentielle de lavande, l'huile essentielle de palmarosa ou le mélange de celles-ci. 15. The method of claim 13, characterized in that the essential oil is selected from the group consisting of cinnamon essential oil, spearmint essential oil, pennyroyal essential oil, essential oil of field mint, lemongrass essential oil, cedar essential oil, lemongrass essential oil, eucalyptus essential oil, lavandin essential oil, lavender essential oil, lemon grass essential oil of palmarosa or the mixture thereof.
16. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 13 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le rapport massique pyrèthre végétal/ ex trait naturel de margosa/huile essentielle dans l'agent actif est compris entre 1 /1 /1 et 1 /1 /10. 16. Method according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the mass ratio pyrethrum plant / ex natural trait of margosa / essential oil in the active agent is between 1/1/1 and 1/1/10 .
17. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le véhicule d'application topique est un liquide ou u semi-liquide dans lequel l'agent actif est formulé en lotion, en spray, en émulsion, en suspension, en concentré liquide, en concentré émulsifiable, en crème, en mousse, en gel, en pommade, en pâte. 17. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the topical application vehicle is a liquid or semi-liquid in which the active agent is formulated in lotion, spray, emulsion, suspension, liquid concentrate, in emulsifiable concentrate, cream, mousse, gel, ointment, paste.
18. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le véhicule d'application topique est une matrice solide choisie parmi des polymères biodégradables, des polymères thermoplastiques synthétiques, des thermodurs en polyuréthane coulé, de la poudre particulaire d'origine minérale ou synthétique. 18. The method of claim 13, characterized in that the topical application vehicle is a solid matrix selected from biodegradable polymers, synthetic thermoplastic polymers, molded polyurethane thermosets, particulate powder of mineral or synthetic origin.
PCT/FR2018/000052 2017-03-15 2018-03-14 Composition comprising pyrethrum for arthropod pest control WO2018167385A1 (en)

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