WO2018166459A1 - 冷缸循环制冷系统 - Google Patents

冷缸循环制冷系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018166459A1
WO2018166459A1 PCT/CN2018/078916 CN2018078916W WO2018166459A1 WO 2018166459 A1 WO2018166459 A1 WO 2018166459A1 CN 2018078916 W CN2018078916 W CN 2018078916W WO 2018166459 A1 WO2018166459 A1 WO 2018166459A1
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Prior art keywords
cylinder
cooling
pipe
cold
heat insulating
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PCT/CN2018/078916
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
童夏民
吉阿明
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童夏民
吉阿明
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Publication of WO2018166459A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018166459A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/04—Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/356—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/0092—Removing solid or liquid contaminants from the gas under pumping, e.g. by filtering or deposition; Purging; Scrubbing; Cleaning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2251/00—Material properties
    • F05C2251/04—Thermal properties
    • F05C2251/048—Heat transfer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cold cylinder circulation system composed of a rotor type cold cylinder compressor and a unit, in particular to a full cold cylinder compressor and a cold cylinder circulating refrigeration system of a multi-line air conditioner.
  • the basic theory of rotor-type cold-cylinder compressor and cold-cylinder cycle has been described in detail in the three patents of 200910056566.5, 2009100031545 and 200810037121.8, which have been applied for a long time, the cold-cylinder compressor manufacturing process, the application of new materials and The application of the circulatory system has matured.
  • the cold cylinder in the cold cycle refrigeration system is usually defined as the cooled suction and exhaust working chamber, and the full cooling cylinder also needs to strengthen the cooling of the cylinder wall.
  • the pump body and the suction pipe of the totally enclosed rotor compressor are in a high temperature and high pressure housing cavity. Therefore, the establishment of the cold cylinder and the cold damage prevention necessary condition is the insulation of the working air chamber and the suction pipe.
  • the cold cylinder cycle includes low temperature cold cylinder suction and cold cylinder heat release compression, which can be implemented by a full cold cylinder compressor.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a cold cylinder circulating refrigeration system to improve the efficiency and practicability of the cold cylinder compressor and the circulation system through the matching of the units.
  • the cold cylinder circulating refrigeration system of the present invention comprises a cold cylinder compressor, an outdoor unit, a heat exchanger, a multi-line, a precision filter, the pump body and the suction pipe of the compressor are in the housing cavity, and the cold cylinder
  • the utility model comprises a cylinder body, wherein the cylinder body cavity is a compressor suction and exhaust working air chamber, and the air suction pipe is provided with a heat insulation layer for isolating the high temperature and high pressure suction guide pipe, the shell and the heat conduction of the cylinder block.
  • the cold cylinder of the cold-cylinder compressor is a full-cooling cylinder, which is formed by low-temperature return air, the air-insulation heat-insulating ring of the main and auxiliary bearings on the wall surface of the air chamber, and the surface of the rolling piston surface and the sliding surface are oleophilic resistant.
  • the utility model is made of a grinding heat insulating material; a cooling cylinder is formed between the wall surface of the cylinder body and the inner side of the screw hole, and a cooling flow channel which is parallelly circulating around the wall surface of the cylinder body is distributed in the cooling cylinder, and the cooling cylinder is welded by the flow channel plate and the cover plate.
  • a weld bead is formed, and two dovetail positioning blocks are connected outside the cover plate, and the screw holes of the positioning block are respectively connected with the cooling inlet pipe and the cooling outlet pipe; the cover plate, the positioning block, the cooling inlet pipe and the cooling outlet pipe are provided with an insulation layer outside Insulation with cylinder and housing, two exhaust Move down the outside of the cooling cylinder.
  • the cooling cylinder of the cold cylinder compressor is made of copper; the cylinder is made of a heat insulating material; and the rolling piston and the sliding piece are made of glass.
  • a heat insulating slit of a concentric arc is cut between the outer side of the cylinder wall surface of the cylinder body and the inner side of the screw hole, and a center line of the support point is distributed inside the screw hole, and a total of ⁇ ° of both sides of the center line of the support point is
  • the end points of the two ends of the thermal insulation joint are ⁇ °, and the inner side of the ⁇ ° forms a support point at both ends;
  • the thermal insulation joint is filled with heat insulating material, and the heat insulating sleeve and the valve piece are inserted into the two vent holes.
  • a heat insulating core rod having concave arcs at both ends is inserted, thereby forming a slit type heat insulating type cold cylinder compressor.
  • the ⁇ ° is 5 to 7°, preferably 6°, and ⁇ ° is 8 to 12°, preferably 10°.
  • the outer circle of the heat insulating ring of the air chamber is limited to cover the cooling cylinder, and the inner circle is limited to cover the circle of the air chamber, and is fitted and fastened in the dovetail groove, and the heat insulating layer on the surface of the rolling piston is fitted and fastened.
  • the ribs at both ends are used to protect and fasten the surface insulation.
  • the pipeline of the heat exchanger is connected in a top-down downstream form of uniform heat load, wherein the suction pipe in the liquid vapor separation tank distributes a plurality of oil return holes from bottom to top; Absorbent lubricating oil is used to form an absorbent-refrigerant pair.
  • the outdoor unit is provided with a chassis, a trapezoidal water tank and a water blocking plate are arranged in the bottom plate, the inner machine returns the water into the chassis, the supercooled spiral tube is immersed in the trapezoidal water tank, and the bottom plate is provided with an overflow pipe for controlling the liquid level in the chassis; the bottom of the trapezoidal water tank There are drain valves and trapezoidal legs that support the chassis.
  • the upper end of the porous tube of the precision filter is fixed to the center of the large orifice plate in the shell tube, and the lower end is sleeved to the central hole of the bottom plate, and the multi-layer filter mesh is wound and fixed on the outer surface of the porous tube by the fine mesh filter.
  • the outer circle of the bottom plate is welded and fixed to the inner hole of the bottom of the shell tube, and the central hole is welded with the outlet tube.
  • the upper end of the shell tube is hemispherical, and the top end is connected with the inlet tube.
  • one outdoor unit is connected to a plurality of indoor units to form a multi-connection
  • the liquid pipe connected to the vertical main pipe of the external machine is connected with a liquid mirror and a precision filter
  • the vertical main pipe is connected with a horizontal main pipe to form a T-shaped main pipe
  • the horizontal main pipe extends to the left and right sides.
  • Connect the internal machine, the branch pipe of the internal machine and the branch pipe connecting the capillary or the expansion valve are respectively connected to the steam pipe and the liquid pipe of the horizontal main pipe.
  • the cylinder of the all-cooling cylinder compressor of the present invention realizes the low-temperature cold cylinder suction of the cylinder wall surface of the working air chamber by conveying the refrigerant from the refrigerant inlet pipe and the refrigerant outlet pipe to the cooling flow passage in the cooling cylinder, wherein the suction pipe is in the suction pipe
  • the low temperature characteristics are achieved by continuous inhalation to achieve maximum air cooling capacity.
  • the compression heat release is eliminated as much as possible, and the compression work is sufficiently reduced to reduce the operating power of the compressor motor.
  • a lipophilic wear-resistant insulating material is used in the working air chamber to enhance the sealing property of the surface oil film, reduce the leakage and increase the cooling capacity of the gas, and prevent the cold air of the working gas chamber from leaking to the high temperature and high pressure chamber to form a cold damage. Achieve insulation of the working chamber.
  • the concentrated absorbent lubricating oil and the refrigerant also constitute an internal absorption refrigeration cycle, and the concentrated absorbent lubricating oil can form a lower surface partial pressure on the surface of the cooled working gas chamber, and is stronger against the gaseous refrigerant.
  • the absorption can increase the cooling capacity and reduce the compression work.
  • the outer chassis and the submerged and supercooled spiral pipe use the indoor unit to reinforce the cooling to further reduce the condensation temperature and the refrigerant supercooling temperature, thereby reducing the compression power and increasing the cooling capacity.
  • Figure 1 is a top plan view of a preferred prior art compressor cylinder.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of a cooling type cylinder (full cooling cylinder).
  • Fig. 3A is a plan development view of the cooling flow path 7 of the all-cooling cylinder shown in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 3A.
  • 4A is a plan view of a slit type heat insulating type cold cylinder.
  • Fig. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Fig. 4A.
  • Fig. 5 is a front sectional view showing a rotor type full cooling cylinder compressor.
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged half cross-sectional view of the rolling piston.
  • Fig. 7 is a front sectional view showing a rotor type new material heat insulating type cold cylinder compressor.
  • Figure 8 is a top cross-sectional view of the outdoor unit of the refrigeration cycle refrigeration unit.
  • Fig. 8A is a side view taken along line A of Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 8B is a bottom view taken along line B of Fig. 8.
  • Figure 8C is a cross-sectional view of the outer chassis and the trapezoidal sink.
  • Figure 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the precision filter.
  • Figure 10 is a diagram of a three-line online pipeline.
  • the present invention is preferably a conventional finished compressor cylinder 1, which is suitable for being modified into a cold cylinder having an air suction hole 2, a valve plate rivet hole 3, a screw hole 4, preferably a 5-M6 screw hole,
  • the vent hole 5 is preferably a 2- ⁇ 10 vent hole.
  • the cylinder wall surface 6 is made of a lipophilic wear-resistant heat insulating material such as glass or a formula ceramic, it is a heat insulating type cold cylinder which prevents cold damage.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cooling cylinder including a cooling cylinder 7, a cooling inlet pipe 8, and a cooling outlet pipe 9, wherein the coolant flows into the cooling cylinder 7 in the direction a1, and the coolant flows out of the cooling cylinder 7 in the direction a2, thereby cooling the cylinder.
  • the cooling inlet pipe 8 and the cooling outlet pipe 9 are fixed to the outer wall of the cooling cylinder 7 by a dovetail positioning block 10.
  • a heat insulating slit 14 is provided between the outer wall of the cooling cylinder 7 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 to insulate between the two.
  • FIGS 3A and 3B show the full cooling cylinder cooling runner.
  • the cooling cylinder 7 is welded by the cover plate 11 and the flow passage plate 13, and the weld bead is shown as 12, although it is also possible to use a bonding method.
  • the cover plate 11 is welded with two dovetail-shaped positioning blocks 10, and the cooling inlet pipe 8 and the cooling outlet pipe 9 are respectively connected to the screw holes of the positioning block 10, and the flow channel plate 13 surrounds the cylinder wall surface, and the refrigerant flows around the cylinder wall surface in parallel.
  • the flow direction reflects the flow channel distribution.
  • the cover plate 11, the positioning block 10, and the cooling inlet and outlet pipes 8, 9 have heat insulating slits 14, 25 to isolate heat conduction.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a slit type heat insulating type cold cylinder in which a heat insulating slit 14 of a concentric arc is formed by wire cutting or laser forming between the outer side of the wall surface 6 of the cylinder 1 and the inner side of the screw hole 4 to form a thickness ⁇ . Insulate the cylinder wall to isolate the heat transfer from the cylinder wall and the cylinder block.
  • the support point is inside the screw hole 4, and both sides of the support point center line 63 are not cut by ⁇ °, ⁇ ° is 5-7°, in this case 6°, and the end points of the heat insulation slit 14 are ⁇ °, ⁇ °
  • the inner side forms support points at both ends, and ⁇ ° is 8 to 12°, in this case, 10°, so that the heat insulating slit 14 is composed of four segments.
  • the heat insulating seam 14 is filled with a heat insulating material, and two heat insulating sleeves 15 are inserted into the ⁇ 10 vent holes 5, and the heat insulating core rods 16 having concave arcs at both ends are inserted into the valve rivet holes 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a front cross-sectional view showing a rotor type full-cooling cylinder compressor using a full-cooling cylinder equipped with a cooling flow passage shown in Fig. 2, which improves the heat insulation of the working air chamber and the cooling of the cylinder wall surface.
  • the utility model comprises a main shaft 17, a motor rotor 18, a motor stator core 19, a casing 20, a main bearing 21, an upper muffler cover 22, a cylinder positioning plate 23, a gas chamber heat insulating ring 24, a refrigerant cooling inlet pipe 8, and a cooling outlet.
  • the tube 9 has a heat insulating layer 25, a cooling inlet pipe 8, a cylinder 1, a dovetail positioning block 10, a cooling flow passage 13, a rolling piston 26, a sub-bearing 27, a gas chamber heat insulating ring 28, a lower muffler cover 29, and suction.
  • the motor and pump body in the cavity of the housing 20 are in a high temperature and high pressure state, and the necessary conditions for establishing the cooling cylinder and preventing chilling damage are:
  • the heat insulating layer 34 outside the intake pipe 30 isolates heat conduction between the intake guide pipe 35, the casing 20, and the cylinder block 1 in a high temperature and high pressure state.
  • the air chamber wall air chamber heat insulating rings 24, 28 of the main bearing 21 and the sub-bearing 27 are made of a lipophilic wear-resistant heat insulating material to improve sealing performance and cycle efficiency.
  • the outer circle of the air chamber heat insulating ring 24, 28 is limited to cover the cooling cylinder 7, and the inner circle is limited to cover the inner circle of the air chamber, and is fitted and fastened in the dovetail groove to prevent the coating heat insulation layer from falling off.
  • the plenum moving parts include the rolling piston 26, the surface insulating layer 36, and the surface of the slider are made of a lipophilic wear resistant heat insulating material.
  • FIG. 6 shows the rolling piston 26 and the surface insulating layer 36 of FIG. 5 being fitted and fastened in the dovetail groove, and the ribs 37 at both ends are used to protect and fasten the surface insulating layer 36.
  • the rolling piston 26 and the slide can be made of a lipophilic wear resistant material such as glass.
  • the cooling cylinder 7 can be made of a copper material having a high thermal conductivity.
  • Figure 7 shows an insulated cold-cylinder compressor, the cylinder 1 of which is made of a heat insulating material, the rolling piston 26 and the sliding piece are made of glass, and the air-insulation ring 24 of the main and auxiliary bearings 21, 27, 28 is the same as the full-cooling cylinder compressor of Fig. 5, and still adopts the structure of the original cylinder of Fig. 1 before modification, and the cylinder wall surface 6 is made of oleophilic wear-resistant and heat-insulating material.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the outdoor unit of the refrigeration cycle refrigeration unit
  • Figure 8A is a side view along the A direction of Figure 8, showing the connection diagram of the downstream pipeline of the condenser to achieve a downstream and uniform heat load, mainly used to return
  • Fig. 8B is a bottom view taken along the B direction of Fig. 8, showing a U-shaped pipe distribution diagram of the condenser
  • Fig. 8C is a cross-sectional view of the outer chassis and the trapezoidal water tank, thereby showing that the backwater in the chassis is enhanced and cooled. cold.
  • the outdoor unit includes an outer chassis 38, a supercooled spiral pipe 39, a trapezoidal water tank 40, a cold cylinder compressor 41, a U-shaped copper pipe 42, an aluminum fin 43, a tee pipe 44, and a semicircular pipe. 45.
  • the condenser is composed of a U-shaped copper tube 42 and aluminum fins 43, and is synthesized by two inner and outer condensers. In Fig.
  • the flow direction of the first and second groups of refrigerant pipes is determined by the circulation characteristics of the cold cylinder, that is, the small amount of flow and the small amount of cooling.
  • the outer chassis 38 has a trapezoidal water tank 40 and a water blocking plate 46.
  • the inner water returning water is introduced into the chassis 38, and the supercooling spiral pipe 39 is immersed in the trapezoidal water tank 40.
  • the overflow pipe 48 of the chassis 38 controls the liquid level of the chassis 38; the bottom of the trapezoidal water tank 40 There is a drain valve 49, and a trapezoidal leg 47 on the right side supports the chassis 38 to balance the liquid level.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural view of the precision filter 50, including an inlet pipe 51, a casing pipe 52, a large orifice plate 53, a perforated pipe 54, a bottom plate 56, a multilayer sieve 55, and an outlet pipe 57.
  • the upper end of the porous tube 54 is fixed to the center of the large-hole plate 53 in the shell tube 52, and the lower end is sleeved on the central hole of the bottom plate 56.
  • the multi-layer filter 55 is wound and fixed on the outer surface of the porous tube 54 by a fine-mesh filter.
  • the outer circumference of the bottom plate 56 is welded to the inner hole of the bottom of the shell tube 52, and the central hole is welded to the outlet tube 57.
  • the upper end of the shell tube 52 is hemispherical, and the top end thereof is connected to the inlet tube 51.
  • FIG. 10 shows a distribution diagram of one to three multiple online pipelines, including a precision filter 50, a liquid mirror 58, a steam pipe 59, a liquid pipe 60, a capillary or expansion valve 61, and a steam pipe 62.
  • the liquid pipe 60 connecting the vertical manifold of the external machine is connected with a liquid mirror 58 and a precision filter 50 for observing the flow state of the refrigerant, and the vertical manifold is connected to the horizontal manifold to form a T-shaped manifold, and the horizontal manifold extends to the left and right sides to connect the internal machine.
  • the branch pipe 62 of the internal machine and the branch pipe connecting the capillary or expansion valve 61 are connected to the steam pipe 59 and the liquid pipe 60 of the horizontal header, respectively.
  • the liquid pipe 60 of the T-shaped manifold in the cooling state is a full liquid supply filled with liquid refrigerant.
  • the T-shaped main pipe is mainly used for one to two to ten internal multi-line groups, and the horizontal main pipe extending on the left and right sides is evenly distributed symmetrically.
  • Figure 10 shows a classic example of a conventional air conditioner using the slit-type insulated cold-cylinder compressor shown in Figure 4: a three-flight external machine tow three 1.5-hangers, the slotted compartment
  • the cooling type of the hot-type cold-cylinder compressor operates at a power of 300 to 500 W, and the cooling capacity is sufficient.
  • the invention focuses on a full-cooling cylinder compressor and a full-cooling cylinder circulation system applied to a multi-line group.
  • the cold cylinder circulatory system of the present invention has the following thermodynamic advantages:
  • Low-temperature cooling cylinder suction the refrigerant inlet pipe 8 and the refrigerant outlet pipe 9 convey the refrigerant to the cooling flow passage in the cooling cylinder 7, so that the low-temperature characteristic of the cylinder wall surface 6 of the working gas chamber is realized by the cooling cylinder 7. Finally, the maximum amount of gas, that is, the amount of cooling, is obtained, and the low temperature characteristic in the suction pipe 30 is achieved by continuous suction.
  • Insulation of the working air chamber prevent the cold air of the working air chamber from leaking to the high temperature and high pressure chamber to form a cold damage. among them
  • the surface of the air chamber heat insulation rings 24, 28 of the main and auxiliary bearings 21, 27, the surface 36 of the rolling piston 26, and the surface of the sliding piece are made of a lipophilic wear-resistant heat insulating material such as glass or formulated ceramic to enhance the surface oil film. Sealing, reducing leakage and increasing the amount of gas, that is, the amount of cooling.
  • Working air chamber the cylinder wall surface 6, the air chamber heat insulating ring 24, 28 surface, the rolling piston surface 36 and the gap of the sliding surface constitute a dynamic suction low pressure chamber and an exhaust high pressure chamber air chamber, and the sliding surface is separated. Air low pressure and exhaust high pressure chamber air chamber.
  • the rolling piston 26 and the slide are moving parts of the working air chamber.
  • the intake pipe 30 is connected to the suction low pressure chamber, so that the heat transfer between the suction guide pipe 35, the casing 20, and the cylinder 1 is separated by the heat insulating layer 34 outside the pipe of the intake pipe 30.
  • the motor is exothermic
  • the compression exotherm is used for heating to concentrate the absorbed lubricating oil in the compressor casing 20, eliminating foam and chilling damage to achieve efficient oil recovery and purifying the circulation system, that is, pure refrigerant without oil running, to fully Lowering the condensation temperature reduces the compression work and sufficiently reduces the evaporation temperature, that is, the internal air outlet temperature, and increases the cooling capacity.
  • the concentrated absorbent lubricating oil and refrigerant also constitute an internal absorption refrigeration cycle.
  • the concentrated absorbent lubricating oil can form a lower surface partial pressure on the cooled working surface and has a stronger absorption of gaseous refrigerant. Sex, can increase the amount of cooling and reduce the compression work.
  • the external chassis 38 and the submerged and supercooled spiral pipe 39 are further cooled by the indoor unit backwater to further reduce the condensation temperature and the refrigerant supercooling temperature, thereby further reducing the compression power and increasing the cooling capacity.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种冷缸循环系统，由转子式冷缸压缩机及机组构成，其低温冷却气缸壁面可实现低温冷缸吸气、冷缸放热压缩，工作气室和吸气管外设隔热层，以防止冷量向高温高压腔泄漏及冷害形成。主副轴承（21、27）位于气室壁面的气室隔热圈(24、28)以及滚动活塞（26）的表面隔热层(36)和滑片表面均采用亲油性的耐磨隔热材料制成。室外机设置冷却底盘(38)和浸水式过冷螺旋盘(39)，利用内机回水强化冷却。该冷缸循环系统可增大冷量和降低压缩机功率。

Description

冷缸循环制冷系统 技术领域
本发明涉及转子式冷缸压缩机及机组构成的冷缸循环系统，尤其是全冷缸压缩机及多联机空调的冷缸循环制冷系统。
背景技术
有关转子式冷缸压缩机及冷缸循环的基础理论，在本人申请的200910056566.5、2009100031545、200810037121.8三个专利中已有详细说明，经历了长期实践，冷缸压缩机制造工艺、新材料的应用和循环系统的应用，已趋成熟。冷缸循环制冷系统中的冷缸通常定义为被冷却的吸排气工作气室，全冷缸还需强化气缸壁面的冷却。因全封闭转子式压缩机的泵体和吸气管处于高温高压的壳体腔内。因而建立冷缸和冷害防止必要条件是工作气室和吸气管的隔热。而冷缸循环包括低温冷缸吸气和冷缸放热压缩，需全冷缸压缩机才能实施。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是通过机组的匹配，提供一种冷缸循环制冷系统以提高冷缸压缩机及循环系统的效率和实用性。
由此，本发明冷缸循环制冷系统，包括冷缸压缩机、室外机、热交换器、多联机、精密过滤器，压缩机的泵体和吸气管处于壳体腔内，而所述冷缸则包括缸体，该缸体腔体则为压缩机吸排气工作气室，所述吸气管外设有隔热层用以隔离高温高压的吸气导向管、壳体以及缸体的热传导；所述冷缸压缩机的冷缸为全冷缸，由低温回气形成、主副轴承位于气室壁面的气室隔热圈以及滚动活塞表面隔热层和滑片表面均采用亲油性耐磨隔热材料制成；所述的缸体的壁面与其螺孔内侧之间形成冷却缸，冷却缸内分布绕缸体壁面平行环流的冷却流道，冷却缸由流道板和盖板焊接合成，形成焊缝，盖板外连接两个燕尾形定位块，定位块的螺孔分别连接冷却入口管和冷却出口管；盖板、定位块、冷却入口管和冷却出口管外侧设有隔热层以与缸体和壳体隔热，两个排气孔下移至冷却缸外侧。
优选地，所述冷缸压缩机的冷却缸采用铜材制成；缸体由隔热材料制成； 所述滚动活塞和滑片则用玻璃制成。
优选地，所述缸体的气缸壁面外侧和螺孔内侧之间切割有同心圆弧的隔热缝，在螺孔内侧分布有支撑点中心线，所述支撑点中心线两侧共α°为非切割区，隔热缝的两端终止点为β°，β°内侧形成两端支撑点；所述隔热缝内充填隔热材料，两个排气孔内插入隔热套管、阀片铆钉孔内则插入两端有凹弧的隔热芯棒，由此构成割缝式隔热型冷缸压缩机。
优选地，所述α°为5～7°，较佳为6°，β°为8～12°，较佳为10°。
优选地，所述气室隔热圈的外圆以覆盖冷却缸为限、内圆以覆盖气室内圆为限，嵌合紧固于燕尾槽内，滚动活塞表面隔热层嵌合紧固于燕尾槽内，两端的边肋用以保护和紧固表面隔热层。
优选地，所述热交换器的管路连接成均匀热负荷的自上而下的顺流形式，其中液汽分离罐内的吸气管自下而上分布多个回油孔；热交换器采用吸收性润滑油，构成吸收剂-制冷剂对。
所述室外机设有底盘，底盘内有梯形水槽和隔水板，内机回水引入底盘，过冷螺旋管浸没于梯形水槽内，底盘设有控制底盘内液位的溢水管；梯形水槽底部有放水阀以及支撑底盘的梯形撑脚。
优选地，所述的精密过滤器的多孔管上端固定于壳管内的大孔板中心、下端套接于底板中心孔，多层滤网用细孔滤网在多孔管外圆表面缠绕叠合固定而成，底板外圆与壳管底部内孔焊接固定，中心孔焊接出口管，壳管上端为半球形，其顶端连接入口管。
优选地，一台室外机联接多台室内机形成多联机，连接外机的垂直总管的液管连接液镜、精密过滤器，垂直总管连接水平总管构成T字形总管，水平总管向左右两侧延伸连接内机，内机的支汽管和连接毛细管或膨胀阀的支液管分别连接水平总管的汽管和液管。
本发明全冷缸压缩机的气缸通过由制冷剂入口管和制冷剂出口管向冷却缸内的冷却流道输送制冷剂而实现工作气室的气缸壁面的低温冷缸吸气，其中吸气管内的低温特性由连续吸气而实现，从而获得最大的输气冷量。同时尽可能排除压缩放热，充分降低压缩功而降低压缩机电机运行功率。此外，在工作气室中采用亲油性的耐磨隔热材料从而增强表面油膜的密封性，减少泄漏而增大输气冷量，防止工作气室的冷量向高温高压腔泄漏而形成冷害从而达到工作气室的隔热。压缩放热和电机放热用于加热而浓缩压缩机壳体内 吸收性的润滑油，消除泡沫和冷害以实现高效回油而净化循环系统，即纯制冷剂无油运行，以充分降低冷凝温度而减少压缩功和充分降低蒸发温度，即内机出风温度，而增大冷量。其中浓缩的吸收性润滑油和制冷剂还构成一个内含的吸收式制冷循环，浓缩的吸收性润滑油在冷却的工作气室表面可形成较低的表面分压，对气态制冷剂有较强的吸收性，可以增大冷量和降低压缩功。最后外机底盘和浸水过冷螺旋管，利用室内机回水强化冷却进一步降低冷凝温度和制冷剂过冷温度，从而降低压缩功率和增大制冷量。
附图说明
图1是优选的现有压缩机气缸俯视图。
图2是冷却式气缸(全冷缸)俯视图。
图3A是图2所示全冷缸气缸的冷却流道7的平面展开图。
图3B是图3A 的A-A向的截面图。
图4A是割缝式隔热型冷缸的俯视图。
图4B是图4A的B-B剖视图。
图5是转子式全冷缸压缩机主剖视图。
图6是滚动活塞的放大半剖视图。
图7是转子式新材料隔热型冷缸压缩机主剖视图。
图8是冷缸循环制冷机组室外机俯剖视图。
图8A是沿图8中A向的侧视图。
图8B是沿图8中B向的仰视图。
图8C是外机底盘及梯形水槽剖视图。
图9是精密过滤器放大剖视图。
图10是一拖三多联机管路图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。
参见附图1，本发明优选现有成品压缩机气缸1，该结构适合改制成冷缸，其上设有吸气孔2、阀片铆钉孔3、螺丝孔4，优选5-M6螺丝孔、排气孔5，优选2-Φ10排气孔。当气缸壁面6用亲油性耐磨隔热材料，如玻璃、配方陶瓷等，制成时，即成为防止冷害形成的隔热型冷缸。
如图2所示为冷却式气缸：其中包括冷却缸7、冷却入口管8和冷却出口管9，其中冷却剂沿方向a1流入冷却缸7，冷却剂沿方向a2流出冷却缸7，从而冷却气缸壁面。冷却入口管8和冷却出口管9采用燕尾形定位块10固定在冷却缸7的外壁上。在冷却缸7的外壁与气缸1的内壁之间设有隔热缝14以使两者之间隔热。
图3A和3B显示了全冷缸冷却流道。冷却缸7由盖板11和流道板13焊接而成，焊缝图示为12，当然也可采用粘合方式。，盖板11外焊接两个燕尾形定位块10，冷却入口管8和冷却出口管9分别连接于定位块10的螺孔，流道板13环绕气缸壁面，其中的制冷剂绕气缸壁面平行环流，其流向反映了流道分布。盖板11、定位块10、冷却出入口管8、9外侧有隔热缝14、25隔离热传导。
图4显示了实施例割缝式隔热型冷缸气缸，其中沿气缸1壁面6外侧和螺孔4内侧之间采用线切割或激光制成同心圆弧的隔热缝14，形成厚度δ的隔热缸壁，隔离气缸壁和缸体的热传导。支撑点在螺孔4内侧，支撑点中心线63两侧共α°不切割，α°为5～7°，此例中为6°，隔热缝14两端终止点为β°，β°内侧形成两端支撑点，β°为8～12°，此例中为10°，从而使该隔热缝14由4段构成。隔热缝14内充填隔热材料，2个Φ10排气孔5内插入隔热套管15、阀片铆钉孔3内插入两端有凹弧的隔热芯棒16。
图5为转子式全冷缸压缩机主剖视图，该压缩机气缸采用图2所示配备有冷却流道的全冷缸，改进了工作气室的隔热和气缸壁面的冷却。其包括主轴17，电机转子18、电机定子铁芯19、壳体20、主轴承21、上消音罩22、气缸定位盘23、气室隔热圈24、制冷剂的冷却入口管8、冷却出口管9外有隔热层25、冷却入口管8、缸体1、燕尾形定位块10、冷却流道13、滚动活塞26、副轴承27、气室隔热圈28、下消音罩29、吸气管30、液汽分离罐31、内吸气管32、回油孔33、吸气管隔热层34、吸气导向管35、冷却缸7。
壳体20腔内的电机和泵体是高温高压状态，其建立冷缸和防止冷害的必要条件是：
A、吸气管30的隔热：
吸气管30外的隔热层34隔离高温高压状态的吸气导向管35、壳体20、缸体1之间的热传导。
B、工作气室的隔热和冷却：
首先，主轴承21、副轴承27的气室壁面气室隔热圈24、28用亲油性耐磨隔热材料制成，以提高密封性和循环效率。其中气室隔热圈24、28的外圆以覆盖冷却缸7为限、内圆以覆盖气室内圆为限，嵌合紧固于燕尾槽内，防止涂层隔热层脱落。气室运动部件包括滚动活塞26、表面隔热层36和滑片表面用亲油性耐磨隔热材料制成。
图6示出图5中的滚动活塞26和表面隔热层36嵌合紧固于燕尾槽内，两端的边肋37用以保护和紧固表面隔热层36。
在优选实施例中，滚动活塞26和滑片可用亲油性耐磨材料如玻璃制成。为强化冷缸的冷却，冷却缸7可用导热系数较高的铜材制成。
图7所示为一种隔热型冷缸压缩机，其气缸1用隔热材料制成，滚动活塞26和滑片用玻璃制成，主副轴承21、27的气室隔热圈24、28与图5的全冷缸压缩机一样，仍采用改装前图1原气缸的结构，而气缸壁面6则采用亲油性耐磨隔热材料制成。
图8所示为冷缸循环制冷机组室外机俯剖视图，图8A是沿图8中A向的侧视图，显示出冷凝器顺流管路连接图，达到顺流和均匀热负荷，主要用来回油；图8B是沿图8中B向的仰视图，显示出冷凝器U形管路分布图；图8C是外机底盘及梯形水槽剖视图由此可以看出底盘内的回水强化冷却和过冷。
参见图8-8C可知，该室外机包括外机底盘38、过冷螺旋管39、梯形水槽40、冷缸压缩机41、U形铜管42、铝翅片43、三通管44、半圆管45、隔水板46、梯形撑脚47、溢水管48和放水阀49。冷凝器由U形铜管42和铝翅片43组成，由内外两片冷凝器合成。在图8A中，由4个三通管44和多个半圆管45连接成2组均匀热负荷的自上而下的顺流管路，1进至1出，2进至2出，分别表示第一、第二组制冷剂管路流向，这种连接方式是由冷缸循环特性，即流量小冷量大确定的。
外机底盘38有梯形水槽40和隔水板46，内机回水引入底盘38，过冷螺旋管39浸没于梯形水槽40内，底盘38的溢水管48控制底盘38液位；梯形水槽40底部有放水阀49，右侧有梯形撑脚47支撑底盘38以平衡液面。通过以上设置，达到利用内机回水强化冷却。
图9为精密过滤器50的结构图，包括入口管51、壳管52、大孔板53、多孔管54、底板56、多层滤网55、出口管57。其中，多孔管54上端固定于 壳管52内的大孔板53中心、下端套接于底板56中心孔，多层滤网55用细孔滤网在多孔管54外圆表面缠绕叠合固定而成，底板56外圆与壳管52底部内孔焊接固定、中心孔焊接出口管57，壳管52上端为半球形，其顶端连接入口管51。
图10所示为一拖三多联机管路分布图，包括精密过滤器50，液镜58、汽管59、液管60、毛细管或膨胀阀61、支汽管62。
连接外机的的垂直总管的液管60连接用来观察制冷剂流动状态的液镜58和精密过滤器50，垂直总管连接水平总管构成T字形总管，水平总管向左右两侧延伸连接内机，内机的支汽管62和连接毛细管或膨胀阀61的支液管分别连接水平总管的汽管59和液管60。制冷状态T字形总管的液管60为充满液态制冷剂的满液式供液。T字形总管主要应用于一拖二～十台内机多联机组，左右两侧延伸的水平总管均匀对称分布内机为最佳。
图10所示是一款采用图4所示的割缝式隔热型冷缸压缩机的应用于常规空调的经典战例：一台3匹外机拖三台1.5匹挂机，该割缝式隔热型冷缸压缩机制冷状态运行功率300～500W，冷量充足。
本发明着力于全冷缸压缩机及应用于多联机组的全冷缸循环系统。
综上，本发明全冷缸压缩机冷缸循环系统具有以下热力学优势：
1、低温冷缸吸气：制冷剂入口管8、制冷剂出口管9向冷却缸7内的冷却流道输送制冷剂，从而使工作气室的气缸壁面6的低温特性由冷却缸7来实现，最终获得最大的输气量即冷量，吸气管30内的低温特性由连续吸气而实现。
2、冷缸放热压缩：冷却的气缸壁面6和工作气室可以尽可能排除压缩放热，充分降低压缩功而降低压缩机电机运行功率。
3、工作气室的隔热：防止工作气室的冷量向高温高压腔泄漏而形成冷害。其中
1)主副轴承21、27的气室隔热圈24、28表面、滚动活塞26表面36、滑片表面用亲油性的耐磨隔热材料，如玻璃或配方陶瓷制成，增强表面油膜的密封性，减少泄漏而增大输气量，即冷量。
2)工作气室：气缸壁面6、气室隔热圈24、28表面、滚动活塞表面36和滑片表面的空隙构成动态的吸气低压腔和排气高压腔气室，滑片表面分隔吸气低压和排气高压腔气室。滚动活塞26和滑片是工作气室的运动部件。吸气管30连接吸气低压腔，因此吸气管30的管外由隔热层34隔离吸气导向管 35、壳体20、气缸1之间的热传导。
4、电机放热，压缩放热用于加热而浓缩压缩机壳体20内吸收性的润滑油，消除泡沫和冷害以实现高效回油而净化循环系统，即纯制冷剂无油运行，以充分降低冷凝温度而减少压缩功和充分降低蒸发温度，即内机出风温度，而增大冷量。浓缩的吸收性润滑油和制冷剂还构成一个内含的吸收式制冷循环，浓缩的吸收性润滑油在冷却的工作室表面可形成较低的表面分压，对气态制冷剂有较强的吸收性，可以增大冷量和降低压缩功。
5、外机底盘38和浸水过冷螺旋管39，利用室内机回水强化冷却进一步降低冷凝温度和制冷剂过冷温度，进一步降低压缩功率和增大制冷量。
以上所述的，仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非用以限定本发明的范围，本发明的上述实施例还可以做出各种变化。即凡是依据本发明申请的权利要求书及说明书内容所作的简单、等效变化与修饰，皆落入本发明专利的权利要求保护范围。本发明未详尽描述的均为常规技术内容。

Claims (9)

  1. 冷缸循环制冷系统，包括冷缸压缩机、室外机、热交换器、多联机、精密过滤器(50)，冷缸压缩机的泵体和吸气管(30)处于壳体(20)腔内，而所述冷缸则包括缸体(1)，该缸体(1)腔体则为压缩机吸排气工作气室，其特征在于：
    所述吸气管(30)外设有隔热层(34)用以隔离高温高压的吸气导向管(35)、壳体(20)以及缸体(1)的热传导；
    所述冷缸压缩机的冷缸为全冷缸由低温回气形成、主副轴承(21、27)位于气室壁面的气室隔热圈(24、28)以及滚动活塞(26)表面隔热层(36)和滑片表面均采用亲油性耐磨隔热材料制成；
    所述的缸体(1)的气缸壁面(6)与其螺孔(4)内侧之间形成冷却缸(7)，冷却缸(7)内分布绕缸体(1)壁面平行环流的冷却流道(13)，冷却缸(7)由流道板(13)和盖板(11)焊接合成，形成焊缝(12)，盖板(11)外连接两个燕尾形定位块(10)，定位块(10)的螺孔分别连接冷却入口管(8)和冷却出口管(9)；
    盖板(11)、定位块(10)、冷却入口管(8)和冷却出口管(9)外侧设有隔热层(14、25)以与缸体(1)和壳体(20)隔热，两个排气孔(5)下移至冷却缸(7)外侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的冷缸循环制冷系统，其特征在于：所述全冷缸压缩机的冷却缸(7)采用铜材制成；缸体(1)由隔热材料制成；所述滚动活塞(26)和滑片则用玻璃制成。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的冷缸循环制冷系统，其特征在于：所述的气缸壁面(6)采用亲油性耐磨隔热材料制成，构成隔热型冷缸压缩机。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的冷缸循环制冷系统，其特征在于：所述缸体(1)的气缸壁面(6)外侧和螺孔(4)内侧之间切割有同心圆弧的隔热缝(14)，在螺孔(4)内侧分布有支撑点中心线(63)，所述支撑点中心线(63)两侧共α°为非切割区，隔热缝(14)的两端终止点为β°，β°内侧形成两端支撑点；所述α°为5～7°，β°为8～12°；所述隔热缝(14)内充填隔热材料，两个排气孔(5)内插入隔热套管(15)、阀片铆钉孔(3)内则插入两端有凹弧的隔热芯棒(16)，由此构成割缝式隔热型冷缸压缩机。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的冷缸循环制冷系统，其特征在于，所述气室隔热圈(24、28)的外圆以覆盖冷却缸(7)为限、内圆以覆盖气室内圆为限，嵌合紧固于燕尾槽内，滚动活塞(26)表面隔热层(36)嵌合紧固于燕尾槽内，两端的边肋(37)用以保护和紧固表面隔热层(36)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的冷缸循环制冷系统，其特征在于，所述热交换器的管路连接成均匀热负荷的自上而下的顺流形式，与吸所管(30)相连并位于液汽分离罐(31)内的内吸气管(32)自下而上分布多个回油孔(33)；热交换器采用吸收性润滑油，构成吸收剂-制冷剂对。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的冷缸循环制冷系统，其特征在于：所述室外机设有底盘(38)，底盘(38)内有梯形水槽(40)和隔水板(46)，内机回水引入底盘(38)，过冷螺旋管(39)浸没于梯形水槽(40)内，底盘(38)设有控制底盘(38)内液位的溢水管(48)；梯形水槽(40)底部有放水阀(49)以及支撑底盘(38)的梯形撑脚(47)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的冷缸循环制冷系统，其特征在于：所述的精密过滤器(50)的多孔管(54)上端固定于壳管(52)内的大孔板(53)中心、下端套接于底板(56)中心孔，多层滤网(55)用细孔滤网在多孔管(54)外圆表面缠绕叠合固定而成，底板(56)外圆与壳管(52)底部内孔焊接固定，中心孔焊接出口管(57)，壳管(52)上端为半球形，其顶端连接入口管(51)。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的冷缸循环制冷系统，其特征在于：包括一台室外机联接多台室内机形成多联机，连接外机的垂直总管的液管(60)连接液镜(58)、精密过滤器(50)，垂直总管连接水平总管构成T字形总管，水平总管向左右两侧延伸连接内机，内机的支汽管(62)和连接毛细管或膨胀阀(61)的支液管分别连接水平总管的汽管(59)和液管(60)。
PCT/CN2018/078916 2017-03-15 2018-03-14 冷缸循环制冷系统 WO2018166459A1 (zh)

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