CN107781923A - 一种常温新风除湿装置 - Google Patents

一种常温新风除湿装置 Download PDF

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CN107781923A
CN107781923A CN201610746498.5A CN201610746498A CN107781923A CN 107781923 A CN107781923 A CN 107781923A CN 201610746498 A CN201610746498 A CN 201610746498A CN 107781923 A CN107781923 A CN 107781923A
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air
fresh air
waste
evaporator
condenser
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董际鼎
张惠强
李同玉
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Nanjing Tengya Reinigen Environment Technology Co Ltd
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Nanjing Tengya Reinigen Environment Technology Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F24F12/001Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
    • F24F12/002Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an intermediate heat-transfer fluid
    • F24F12/003Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an intermediate heat-transfer fluid using a heat pump
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/22Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
    • F24F13/222Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate for evacuating condensate
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/30Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/153Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification with subsequent heating, i.e. with the air, given the required humidity in the central station, passing a heating element to achieve the required temperature
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F2003/144Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by dehumidification only
    • F24F2003/1446Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by dehumidification only by condensing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种常温新风除湿装置,属于通风空调技术领域。该装置包括两侧分别具有新风进风口和新风出风口的新风通道、两侧分别具有污风出风口和污风进风口的污风通道,以及热泵制冷循环系统;所述热泵制冷循环系统由压缩机、位于污风出风口的冷凝器、位于新风进风口内侧的过冷器、毛细管、位于新风进风口外侧的蒸发器按序串联而成;所述新风通道和污风通道内分别装有蒸冷风机和冷凝风机。本发明有效解决了制冷除湿机高温出风的难题;并且有效提升了节能系数。

Description

一种常温新风除湿装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种除湿设备,尤其是一种常温新风除湿装置,属于通风空调技术领域。
背景技术
众所周知,室内空气以氧气含量、温度、湿度、空气洁净度四大参数作为衡量标准,通常氧气含量以新风引进量进行调节,室内温度用空调器进行调节,空气湿度用除湿机和加湿器进行调节,空气洁净度用空气净化器和新风进行调节。并且空调器也能降低室内的部分湿度,但由于空调器一般只在暑天使用,其它季节不能借助空调器降湿。长江流域的梅雨季节等情况下,室内相对湿度达到90%以上,地下室湿度可长期在100%的状态,室内所有物品均会发霉,人长期在这样的环境下对健康极其有害。为了降低室内湿度,经常采用除湿效能比空调器大得多的制冷除湿机。实践证明,现有制冷除湿机虽除湿效果好,但除湿后室内空气温度上升明显,在不断补充27℃新风的情况下,除湿后的室内温度可升到48~55℃,而不补充新风,温度更高达60℃以上。为了去除除湿机带来的热量,必须大大降低所配空调器的制冷温度,结果显著增加了空调器的能耗。现有制冷型除湿机的高出风温度已成为长期以来未能解决的难题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:针对上述现有技术遇到的难题,提出一种不仅除湿效果好、而且出风温度保持常温的常温新风除湿装置。
为了达到以上目的,本发明的常温新风除湿装置基本结构为:包括两侧分别具有新风进风口和新风出风口的新风通道、两侧分别具有污风出风口和污风进风口的污风通道,以及热泵制冷循环系统;其中所述热泵制冷循环系统由压缩机、位于污风出风口的冷凝器、位于新风进风口内侧的过冷器、毛细管、位于新风进风口外侧的蒸发器按序串联而成;所述新风通道和污风通道内分别装有蒸冷风机和冷凝风机。
本发明将冷凝分为两部分,一部分为安装在污风通道中的冷凝器,可以利用室内排出的常温空气冷却从压缩排出到冷凝器的部分冷媒,使冷凝器出来的冷媒达到冷凝温度,开始冷却成液态冷媒,冷却冷凝器管内冷媒后的室内常温空气加热到较高温度,被排出室外;另一部分为新风通道中邻近蒸发器的过冷器,经冷凝器达到冷凝温度的冷媒到达蒸发器下游的过冷器时,吹过蒸发器的更低温新风进一步冷却过冷器的液态冷媒,由于液态冷媒在过冷器中没有相变,因此快速降温,得到更大的过冷度,从而显著增加了制冷能力;经蒸发器的低温新风绝对湿度得到降低,但相对湿度依然较高,在吹过过冷器时适当升温,从而使相对湿度也得到降低。因此,采用本发明后,有效解决了制冷除湿机高温出风的难题;并且本发明具有二次节能效果:一次是排出低温污风时的能量回收利用,另一次是蒸发器出风低温冷却过冷器的冷媒,因此有效提升了节能系数。
本发明进一步的完善是,所述新风通道和污风通道分别位于机壳的上部和下部,所述热泵制冷循环系统的压缩机位于机壳底部,其出口由压缩机排气管通往位于污风出风口的冷凝器,所述冷凝器经冷凝器出管通往位于新风进风口内侧的过冷器,所述过冷气经位于机壳中部的毛细管通往位于新风进风口外侧的蒸发器,再经压缩机回气管回至压缩机,构成按序串联的回环。
本发明更进一步的完善是,所述蒸发器为三进三出并联结构。
本发明再进一步的完善是,所述过冷器和蒸发器制成一体,构成蒸冷器。
本发明还进一步的完善是,所述蒸发器的除湿水流入下部的接水箱,所述接水盘的出水口通往冷凝器上方,所述冷凝器下部安置余水接水盘。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。
图1为本发明一个实施例的结构示意图。
图2为图1实施例的除湿流程示意图。
图3为图1实施例运行中的冷媒循环曲线图。
图4为图1实施例中的热泵系统制冷流程示意图。
图5为图1实施例中的蒸冷器流程示意图。
图中:1——压缩机 2——冷凝器3——过冷器 4——毛细管5——蒸发器 6——冷凝风机 7——蒸冷风机 8——新风进风口9——新风出风口 10——污风进风口11——污风出风口 12——蒸冷风罩 13——冷凝器风罩 14——机壳 15——压缩机排气管16——冷凝器出管 17——第一蒸发器并联管 18——压缩机回气管19——第二蒸发器并联管 20——接水箱21——余水接水盘 22——水泵 23——排水管 24——吸水管。
具体实施方式
实施例一
本实施例的常温新风除湿装置基本结构如图1和图2所示,机壳14上部位两侧分别具有新风进风口8和新风出风口9的新风通道,下部为两侧分别具有污风出风口11和污风进风口10的污风通道。热泵制冷循环系统的压缩机1位于机壳14底部,其出口由压缩机排气管15通往位于污风出风口11的冷凝器2,冷凝器2经冷凝器出管16通往位于新风进风口8内侧的过冷器3,过冷气3经位于机壳14中部的毛细管4通往位于新风进风口8外侧的蒸发器5,再经压缩机回气管18回至压缩机1,从而构成按序串联的回环。新风通道和污风通道内分别装有位于蒸冷风罩12中的蒸冷风机7和位于冷凝器风罩13中的冷凝风机6。本实施例中的过冷器3和蒸发器5可以制成一体成为蒸冷器,蒸发器管道翅片与过冷器管道翅片间应留出一定的空间,避免过冷器的高温逆向回传给蒸发器。蒸发器5采用借助第一蒸发器并联管17和第二蒸发器并联管19的三进三出并联结构(参见图2),这样膨胀蒸发效果更佳。
本实施例制冷过程的冷媒循环如图3所示,8~1为蒸发器的制冷量的等温蒸发段,1~2是冷媒的升温过热段,2~3是冷媒在压缩机中的等熵压缩段,3~4为冷媒在管道和冷凝器中的过热冷却段,4~5是冷媒在冷凝器中等温冷凝段,5~6为冷媒在冷凝器中的过冷冷却段,6~8是冷媒在毛细管中的等焓节流段。本实施例实际上将冷凝分为两部分,一部分安装在污风通道中,利用室内排出的常温空气冷却从压缩排出到冷凝器的3~5段冷媒,让冷凝器出来的冷媒温度达到冷凝温度,并开始冷却成液态冷媒,冷却冷凝器管内冷媒后的室内常温空气被加热到较高温度排出室外;另一部分称为过冷器以便区别冷凝器,放置在蒸发器的出风端,达到冷凝温度的冷媒排到蒸发器下游的过冷器时,从蒸发器出来的更低温新风直接吹过过冷器冷却其中的液态冷媒——对应图3的5~6段,本实施例的此段比普通除湿机长很多,由于液态冷媒在过冷器中没有相态变化,释放热量不大,冷媒得到快速降温,具有较大的过冷度,而过冷度的增加更延长了1~8段的长度,有效提高了制冷能力;蒸发器出来的低温新风虽绝对湿度在此得到降低,但相对湿度较高,较高相对湿度的低温新风经过冷器加热,则降低了相对湿度,其温度的高低可以调配到与室温基本相同,因此本实施例很好地解决了制冷除湿机高温出风问题。同时,本实施例采用新风机排出低温污风时的能量回收利用,以及利用蒸发器出风低温冷却过冷器的冷媒提高制冷效果,具有二次节能效果,节能系数显著提高。
更具体而言,本实施例的除湿流程参见图2,采用R-410A混合工质或R22为制冷冷媒,冷媒充注量采用系统配机方法进行精确匹配;开机运行时从室内排出的污风从污风进风口10进入污风通道,被冷凝风机6吹向冷凝器2,对冷凝器中的冷媒进行冷却降温至冷凝温度,吸热后的高温污风从污风出风口11排到室外。制冷系统中的过冷器3、节流毛细管4和蒸发器安装在新风通道中,蒸冷风罩12和箱体隔板将新风通道分隔成进风和出风通道,蒸冷风罩进风端安装蒸发器5和过冷器3,蒸发器5和过冷器3之间有10mm到50mm左右的距离,防止过冷器3的热量反向传至蒸发器5,蒸冷风罩的出风端为蒸冷风机7;新风从新风管道引入新风进风口8,被蒸冷风机7吸入蒸发器,新风的热量在这里被蒸发器5内部冷媒蒸发吸热降温到露点温度以下,空气中的大部分水气凝结成水,注入接水盘后被排除,低含水量高相对湿度的低温空气直接排至过冷器3,低温高相对湿度的低湿空气在过冷器中被加热,同时过冷器中达到冷凝温度的冷媒被进一步冷却,新风空气吸热升温,冷媒放热降温,两两达到平衡的常温后,新风相对湿度也得到明显的降低,常温低湿新风经新风出口9排至室内,达到高效常温除湿目的。
本实施例的制冷流程如图4所示,冷媒回气被压缩机1等熵压缩成高温高压过热气体,经压缩机排气管15排至冷凝器2出风端下管,经冷污风冷却至冷凝温度后从冷凝器2进风端下管排至冷凝器出管16,进入蒸冷器的过冷器3,冷媒在过冷器3中被来至蒸发器5的除湿后的低温新风冷却至过冷温度液体,高压过冷液体冷媒经毛细管节流4,由第二蒸发器并联管19分流到5蒸发器,高湿新风的热量被蒸发器5吸收冷却,低于露点温度的蒸发器5翅片管将流经其外表面新风的水份析出,被排出室外,冷媒在蒸发器5中吸热蒸发为低温气体,经压缩机回气管18排到压缩机的气液分离灌中蒸发为过热气体冷媒,回到压缩机1进行等熵压缩。整个过程连续循环进行。由此可见与现有制冷除湿机的最大区别是本实施例将冷凝分为两部分,一部分利用排出污风与冷凝器的温度差,回收原本排出室外的污风冷量冷却冷凝器,因此具有能量回收利用的基本节能效果。
本实施例的蒸冷器节能可以借助图5说明,冷凝的另一部分是系统中的过冷器3,与毛细管4和蒸发器5组织在新风通道中,构成蒸冷器。从冷凝器2出来的冷媒,经冷凝器出管16排至过冷器3进一步放热冷却,热量被从蒸发器出来的高相对温度的低温新风吸收,提高新风相对湿度;同时在过冷器管道内的冷媒继续降温至过冷温度,增加冷媒的制冷效果,达到高效节能的目的,形成本实施例进一步的节能效果。
从过冷器3下端流出的高压低温的冷媒液体,流过毛细管4,被节流降压后进入第二蒸发器并联管19,分流到蒸发器5分组管系中膨胀吸热蒸发,使冷媒温度迅速降低至冷媒的蒸发温度,对流过蒸发器的新风进行降温除湿,由于蒸发温度远低于新风的露点温度,达到露点温度的新风中水蒸汽被冷凝成水,蒸发器翅片采用亲水膜铝箔,凝水沿亲水膜铝箔流到蒸发器下部的接水箱,达到除去新风空气绝对湿度的目的。除了被利用的部分凝水外,多余凝水被排出室外。
此外,本实施例的上下两层结构使得新风经过上层蒸发器5时产生的除湿水可以被利用。蒸发器5产生的除湿水流入下部的接水箱20,接水箱内有两层,两层都有漏水孔,只要接水盘里有水就会从孔中向下流到冷凝器上部,并顺着冷凝器的翅片向下流到整个冷凝器翅片管上,翅片管内冷媒在这里被冷却放热冷凝,除湿水在冷凝器翅片管上被加热蒸发成水蒸汽,同室内进来的污风一起被风机排出室外。多余的除湿水流到冷凝器下部的余水接水盘21,余水接水盘也有两层,盘隔板上有漏水孔,底部没有孔,余水积存在余水接水盘下层中,达到一定积水量后,水泵22会自动将作水从吸水管24吸出水泵,从排水管23排出室外。由于冷凝器的散热量远大于蒸发器的制冷量,除湿水在正常情况下会被全部蒸发完。余水接水盘只为出现特殊情况时使用。
除上述实施例外,本发明还可以有其他实施方式。凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案,均落在本发明要求的保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种常温新风除湿装置,包括两侧分别具有新风进风口和新风出风口的新风通道、两侧分别具有污风出风口和污风进风口的污风通道,以及热泵制冷循环系统;其特征在于:所述热泵制冷循环系统由压缩机、位于污风出风口的冷凝器、位于新风进风口内侧的过冷器、毛细管、位于新风进风口外侧的蒸发器按序串联而成;所述新风通道和污风通道内分别装有蒸冷风机和冷凝风机。
2.根据权利要求1所述的常温新风除湿装置,其特征在于:所述新风通道和污风通道分别位于机壳的上部和下部,所述热泵制冷循环系统的压缩机位于机壳底部,其出口由压缩机排气管通往位于污风出风口的冷凝器,所述冷凝器经冷凝器出管通往位于新风进风口内侧的过冷器,所述过冷气经位于机壳中部的毛细管通往位于新风进风口外侧的蒸发器,再经压缩机回气管回至压缩机,构成按序串联的回环。
3.根据权利要求2所述的常温新风除湿装置,其特征在于:所述蒸发器为三进三出并联结构。
4.根据权利要求3所述的常温新风除湿装置,其特征在于:所述过冷器和蒸发器制成一体,构成蒸冷器。
5.根据权利要求4所述的常温新风除湿装置,其特征在于:所述蒸发器的除湿水流入下部的接水箱,所述接水盘的出水口通往冷凝器上方,所述冷凝器下部安置余水接水盘。
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JP2021046947A (ja) * 2019-09-17 2021-03-25 パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 除湿機能付き熱交換形換気装置
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