WO2018148905A1 - 介质滤波器、收发设备及基站 - Google Patents

介质滤波器、收发设备及基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018148905A1
WO2018148905A1 PCT/CN2017/073789 CN2017073789W WO2018148905A1 WO 2018148905 A1 WO2018148905 A1 WO 2018148905A1 CN 2017073789 W CN2017073789 W CN 2017073789W WO 2018148905 A1 WO2018148905 A1 WO 2018148905A1
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Prior art keywords
hole
dielectric filter
dielectric
resonant cavity
ring
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PCT/CN2017/073789
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姜涛
郭继勇
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to KR1020197026808A priority Critical patent/KR102259051B1/ko
Priority to CA3053674A priority patent/CA3053674C/en
Priority to CN201780086163.8A priority patent/CN110291681B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2017/073789 priority patent/WO2018148905A1/zh
Priority to CN202111210399.2A priority patent/CN113991267B/zh
Priority to EP17896528.1A priority patent/EP3576218B1/en
Publication of WO2018148905A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018148905A1/zh
Priority to US16/542,992 priority patent/US11139546B2/en
Priority to US17/492,124 priority patent/US11664564B2/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P11/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P11/007Manufacturing frequency-selective devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/2002Dielectric waveguide filters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/201Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
    • H01P1/205Comb or interdigital filters; Cascaded coaxial cavities
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/207Hollow waveguide filters
    • H01P1/208Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/207Hollow waveguide filters
    • H01P1/208Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure
    • H01P1/2084Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure with dielectric resonators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/212Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters suppressing or attenuating harmonic frequencies
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P11/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P11/001Manufacturing waveguides or transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P11/006Manufacturing dielectric waveguides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P7/00Resonators of the waveguide type
    • H01P7/06Cavity resonators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P7/00Resonators of the waveguide type
    • H01P7/10Dielectric resonators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40Circuits

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of filter technologies, and in particular, to a dielectric filter, a transceiver device, and a base station.
  • the dielectric waveguide can greatly reduce the size of the product, and has the advantages of high Q value and small temperature drift, and is a good filter miniaturization solution.
  • the dielectric filter In order to achieve the bandpass filtering effect, the dielectric filter needs to be designed to achieve high-side zero suppression and low-side zero suppression of the passband.
  • the low-side zero of the filter passband can be generated by capacitive coupling to achieve low-side zero suppression outside the passband.
  • the implementation of capacitive coupling is not as simple as the implementation of inductive coupling and requires special design.
  • the capacitive coupling between the resonant cavities is realized by the combined structure of the through holes and the conductive layer partitioning (ie, the first blocking ring), and the difficulty of processing the through holes and the first blocking ring on the dielectric block is less than that of processing the specified depth on the dielectric block.
  • the difficulty of the blind slot or the blind hole can be seen that the requirements of the dielectric filter of the embodiment of the present application are reduced, and the problem of precision control when processing blind slots or blind holes is avoided, in particular, the accuracy requirements are compared. High small high frequency filters also achieve high machining accuracy.
  • the dielectric block has a slot on the partition that divides the dielectric block into at least three resonant cavities, the inner surface of the slot being covered with a metal layer.
  • the slot is divided into at least three resonant cavities by slotting, the implementation of the slotting is simple, the processing difficulty is low, and the number of resonant cavities formed is at least three, which is beneficial to the use of the actual filtering scenario.
  • the through hole is a circular through hole.
  • the through hole is designed to be circular, which further reduces the difficulty of processing the dielectric filter.
  • the through holes are polygonal through holes.
  • the polygon may be various possible polygonal through holes such as a triangular through hole, a rectangular through hole, a pentagon through hole, and a hexagonal through hole.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a transceiver device, including: the foregoing media filter.
  • the dielectric filter, the transceiver device and the base station of the embodiment of the present invention realize the capacitive coupling between the resonant cavities through the combined structure of the through holes and the conductive partition layer, and the structure of the capacitive coupling in the dielectric filter is simple, the processing difficulty is reduced, and the overcoming is overcome.
  • the technical problem of the depth of blind slots or blind holes in the prior art is difficult to precisely control.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dielectric filter according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another dielectric filter according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the dielectric filter shown in Figure 4.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a band pass of a dielectric filter according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a low-end zero point adjustment curve of a dielectric filter according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the dielectric filter shown in Figure 9;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of still another dielectric filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • REFERENCE SIGNS 1-first resonant cavity, 2-second resonant cavity, 3-third resonant cavity, 4-first slotted, 5-second slotted, 6-through hole, 7-first partition ring , 7a - outer edge of the first partition ring, 7b - inner edge of the first partition ring, 8-fourth cavity, 9 - second block ring, 10 - fifth cavity, 11 - sixth cavity, 12 - Microstrip feeder, 21-antenna, 22-medium filter, 23-switch, 24-signal transmit branch, 25-signal receive branch, 241-power amplifier, 251-low noise amplifier.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dielectric filter according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the dielectric filter includes a dielectric block having a surface covering metal layer, the dielectric block being made of a solid dielectric material.
  • the metal layer covering the surface of the dielectric block is not marked.
  • the surface of the structure shown in Fig. 1 is covered with a metal layer unless otherwise specified.
  • the dielectric block shown in Figure 1 includes at least two resonant cavities.
  • a slot may be provided on the dielectric block, and the dielectric block is divided into at least two resonant cavities by the slot.
  • the inner surface of each slot is also covered with a metal layer.
  • the two first slots 4 divide the dielectric block into two resonant cavities, namely a first resonant cavity 1 and a second resonant cavity 2.
  • the first resonant cavity 1 and the second resonant cavity 2 are each equivalent to a circuit in which an inductor and a capacitor are coupled in parallel.
  • the dielectric block shown in FIG. 1 also has a through hole 6 which is located between two adjacent resonant cavities, as shown in FIG.
  • a through hole 6 is provided between the first resonant cavity 1 and the second resonant cavity 2, and an inner wall of the through hole 6 covers the metal layer.
  • at least one opening surrounding the through hole 6 on the surface of the dielectric block has a first partition ring 7, and an area surrounded by the inner edge 7b of the first partition ring and the outer edge 7a of the first partition ring exposes the dielectric block.
  • the center line of the first barrier ring 7 coincides with the axis of the through hole 6.
  • the combination of the first barrier ring 7 and the through hole 6 is provided on the dielectric filter, structural discontinuity is generated, so that the electric field near the through hole 6 and the first barrier ring 7 is more concentrated.
  • the electric energy can be stored.
  • the combined structure of the first blocking ring 7 and the through hole 6 is equivalent to a capacitor for storing electric energy.
  • the inner edge of the first barrier ring 7 and the edge of the opening of the through hole 6 may overlap.
  • the inner edge of the first barrier ring 7 is spaced apart from the edge of the opening of the through hole 6.
  • a first barrier ring 7 is provided on one open side of the through hole 6, and in an alternative embodiment, a first one may be provided on both open sides of the through hole 6. Breaking ring 7.
  • the dielectric block has a first slot 4 and a second slot 5, and the inner surfaces of the first slot 4 and the second slot 5 also cover the metal layer.
  • the first slot 4 and the second slot 5 divide the dielectric block into three resonant cavities. Specifically, the first slot 4 is used to partition the first resonant cavity 1 and the third resonant cavity 3, and the second slot 5 is used for the second slot 5 The first cavity 1 and the second cavity 2 are separated, and the second slot 5 is also used to separate the second cavity 2 and the third cavity 3.
  • each cavity is equivalent to a circuit in which an inductor and a capacitor are coupled in parallel, and a narrow channel between two adjacent resonators is a window between the resonators, which is formed based on a window opening.
  • the coupling between two adjacent resonant cavities is inductively coupled.
  • a first path (solid line identification): a signal path of the first resonant cavity 1 - a second resonant cavity 2 - a third resonant cavity 3;
  • a through hole is provided between the first resonant cavity 1 and the third resonant cavity 3.
  • the inner wall of the through hole 6 is covered with a metal layer, and at least one opening surrounding the through hole on the surface of the dielectric block has a first partition ring 7, and the inner edge 7b of the first partition ring and the first partition The area enclosed by the outer edge 7a of the ring exposes the dielectric block.
  • the inner edge 7b of the first barrier ring is spaced apart from the edge of the through hole 6.
  • the center line of the first barrier ring 7 coincides with the axis of the through hole 6.
  • the equivalent circuit of the dielectric filter shown in FIG. 4 is that, in the first path, the first resonant cavity 1, the second resonant cavity 2, and the third resonant cavity 3 are inductively coupled. In the two paths, the first resonant cavity 1 and the third resonant cavity 3 are capacitively coupled. Since the signals in the two paths are opposite in phase, the signals in the two paths cancel each other, thereby generating a low-end zero point of the band pass. inhibition.
  • the dielectric filter shown in FIG. 4 forms a high-end zero point A of the pass band of the filter by inductive coupling, and forms a low-end zero point B of the pass band by capacitive coupling.
  • the coupling amount of the capacitive coupling can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the position of the low end zero point of the filter pass band, wherein the diameter of the through hole 6 is
  • the B1 point is the low-end zero position when the capacitive coupling amount is large
  • B3 is the low-end zero position when the capacitive coupling amount is small
  • the coupling amount is larger than the capacitive coupling between the two resonant cavities corresponding to the B3 point, and is smaller than the capacitive coupling between the two resonant cavities corresponding to the B1 point.
  • the shape of the through hole 6 in the dielectric filter of the embodiment of the present application may be designed according to actual needs, for example, may be designed as a circular through hole 6 or as a polygonal through hole 6 , wherein the circular through hole is designed. 6 is simpler to process; it is designed as a polygonal through hole 6, and may be, for example, a triangular through hole 6, a rectangular through hole 6, a pentagon through hole 6, and a hexagonal through hole 6, and the like.
  • the shape of the through hole 6 in the dielectric filter shown in FIG. 4 may be the same as or different from the shape of the first partition ring 7.
  • the through hole 6 is a circular through hole
  • the first blocking ring 7 is a square ring or an irregularly shaped partition ring.
  • the specific shape and size of the first partition ring 7 can be adjusted according to the performance requirements of the dielectric filter, and is not specifically limited.
  • a first barrier ring 7 is provided on one open side of the through hole 6, and in an alternative embodiment, a first one may be provided on both open sides of the through hole 6. Breaking ring 7.
  • the medium block has two first slots 4 and one second slot 5, wherein the two first slots The inner surfaces of 4 and a second slot 5 are both covered with a metal layer.
  • the two first slots 4 and one second slot 5 divide the dielectric block into four resonant cavities, specifically one of the slots for separating the first resonant cavity 1 and the fourth resonant cavity 8 and the other slotting
  • the second slot 5 is for separating the first resonant cavity 1 and the second resonant cavity 2, and is also for separating the third resonant cavity 3 and the fourth resonant cavity 8 .
  • each cavity is equivalent to a circuit in which an inductor and a capacitor are coupled in parallel, and a narrow channel between two adjacent resonators is a window between the resonators, which is formed by the window opening.
  • the coupling between two adjacent resonant cavities is inductively coupled.
  • a first path (solid line identification): a signal path of the first resonant cavity 1 - the second resonant cavity 2 - the third resonant cavity 3 - the fourth resonant cavity 8;
  • the second path (marked by a broken line): the signal path of the first resonant cavity 1 - the fourth resonant cavity 8.
  • adjacent resonant cavities form an inductive coupling between the adjacent resonant cavities
  • the coupling between the first resonant cavity 1 and the fourth resonant cavity 8 in the second via is inductively coupled
  • the input After the signals pass through the first resonant cavity 1 to the fourth resonant cavity 8, the phases of the two path signals are the same, and the signals are superimposed in phase without generating a zero point; when the first resonant cavity 1 and the fourth resonant cavity 8 in the second path are coupled
  • the phases of the two path signals are opposite after the input signal passes through the first resonant cavity 1 to the fourth resonant cavity 8, and the signals of the two paths are cancelled, and a zero point can be generated.
  • a through hole is provided between the first resonant cavity 1 and the fourth resonant cavity 8. 6.
  • the inner wall of the through hole 6 is covered with a metal layer, and a first partition ring 7 is formed on the surface of the dielectric block around at least one opening side of the through hole 6, and the inner edge 7b of the first partition ring and the first partition The enclosed area of the outer edge 7a of the ring exposes the dielectric block.
  • the inner edge 7b of the first barrier ring is spaced apart from the edge of the corresponding through hole 6.
  • the combined structure of the through hole 6 and the partition ring forms a capacitive coupling between the first resonant cavity 1 and the fourth resonant cavity 8, and the equivalent circuit is a capacitive component.
  • the equivalent circuit of the dielectric filter shown in FIG. 9 is such that, in the first path, between the first resonant cavity 1, the second resonant cavity 2, the third resonant cavity 3, and the fourth resonant cavity 8.
  • the first resonant cavity 1 and the fourth resonant cavity 8 are capacitively coupled. Since the signals in the two paths are opposite in phase, the signals in the two paths cancel each other, thereby generating Low-end zero suppression of bandpass.
  • the purpose of adjusting the low-end zero position of the dielectric filter can also be achieved by adjusting the diameter of the through hole 6 and the width of the first blocking ring 7.
  • the shape of the through hole 6 in the dielectric filter of the embodiment of the present application may be designed according to actual needs, for example, may be designed as a circular through hole 6 or as a polygonal through hole 6 in which a circular through hole is designed.
  • Hole 6 is simpler to process; it is designed as a polygonal through hole 6, and may be, for example, a triangular through hole 6, a rectangular through hole 6, a pentagon through hole 6, and a hexagonal through hole 6, and the like.
  • a first barrier ring 7 is provided on one open side of the through hole 6, and in an alternative embodiment, a first one may be provided on both open sides of the through hole 6. Breaking ring 7.
  • the medium filter of the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a transceiver device, for example, can be applied in a base station.
  • the dielectric filter shown in FIG. 9 is further provided with a signal input end and a signal output end, wherein the signal input end and the signal output end are disposed on the dielectric filter in the same manner as the embodiment. ,No longer.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of still another dielectric filter according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the dielectric filter includes a dielectric block covering the metal layer, wherein the metal layer covering the surface of the dielectric block in FIG. 12 is not identified, and for the structure shown in FIG. 12, unless otherwise specified, Each surface of the structure shown in Fig. 12 is covered with a metal layer. In the following description of the structure of Fig. 12, only the portion not covering the metal layer will be specifically described.
  • a slot is provided in the dielectric block shown in FIG. 12, and the dielectric block is divided into a plurality of resonant cavities by slotting. As shown in FIG. 12, four first slots 4 and one second slot 5 are disposed on the dielectric block, and the dielectric blocks are separated into first to sixth by four first slots 4 and one second slot 5. Resonant cavity 11.
  • a first path (solid line identification): a signal path of the first resonant cavity 1 - the second resonant cavity 2 - the third resonant cavity 3 - the fourth resonant cavity 8 - the fifth resonant cavity 10 - the sixth resonant cavity 11;
  • adjacent resonant cavities form an inductive coupling between the adjacent resonant cavities
  • the coupling between the second resonant cavity 2 and the fifth resonant cavity 10 in the second via is inductively coupled
  • the signals in the paths have the same phase, and the signals are superimposed in phase without generating a zero point; when the coupling between the second cavity 5 and the fifth cavity 10 is capacitively coupled in the second path, the signals in the two paths are opposite in phase. The signals of the two paths are cancelled, and a zero point can be generated.
  • the combined structure of the through hole 6 and the partition ring forms a capacitive coupling between the first resonant cavity 1 and the third resonant cavity 3, and the equivalent circuit is a capacitive component.
  • the purpose of adjusting the low-end zero position of the dielectric filter can also be achieved by adjusting the diameter of the through hole 6 and the width of the first blocking ring 7.
  • the purpose of adjusting the low-end zero position of the dielectric filter can also be achieved by adjusting the diameter of the through hole 6 and the width of the first blocking ring 7.
  • the shape of the through hole 6 in the dielectric filter of the embodiment of the present application may be designed according to actual needs, for example, may be designed as a circular through hole 6 or as a polygonal through hole 6 in which a circular through hole is designed.
  • the hole 6 is simpler to machine; it is designed as a polygonal through hole 6, and may be, for example, a triangular through hole 6, a rectangular through hole 6, a pentagon through hole 6, and a hexagonal through hole 6, and the like.
  • a first barrier ring 7 is provided on one open side of the through hole 6, and in an alternative embodiment, a first one may be provided on both open sides of the through hole 6. Breaking ring 7.

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Abstract

本申请实施例涉及滤波器技术领域,尤其涉及一种介质滤波器、收发设备及基站。其中,所述介质滤波器包括:表面覆盖金属层的介质块,所述介质块包括至少两个谐振腔;所述介质块上有通孔,所述通孔位于相邻的两个谐振腔之间,所述通孔的内壁覆盖有金属层;所述介质块表面上围绕所述通孔的至少一个开口有第一隔断环,所述第一隔断环的内边沿与所述第一隔断环的外边沿所围成的区域暴露出所述介质块。本发明实施例提供的介质滤波器、收发设备及基站,实现电容耦合的结构简单,能够降低介质滤波器的加工难度。

Description

介质滤波器、收发设备及基站 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及滤波器技术领域,尤其涉及一种介质滤波器、收发设备及基站。
背景技术
随着滤波器行业的发展,小型化、轻量化滤波器逐渐成为一种趋势。介质波导可以大幅减小产品尺寸,并且具有高Q值,温漂小等优点,是一种很好的滤波器小型化解决方案。
为了实现带通滤波效果,介质滤波器上需要设计实现通带的高端零点抑制和低端零点抑制。通过电容耦合能够产生滤波器通带的低端零点,从而实现通带外的低端零点抑制。但是,对于介质滤波器而言,电容耦合的实现不像电感耦合的实现方式那样简单,需要特殊设计。
现有技术中,在介质滤波器上实现电容耦合的一种方式是:在介质滤波器上挖盲槽或盲孔,通过控制盲槽或盲孔的深度在介质滤波器上实现电容耦合。此种方式虽然能够在介质滤波器上实现电容耦合,但需要精确控制盲槽或盲孔的深度,如果盲槽或盲孔的深度控制的不合适,盲槽或盲孔形成的会是电感耦合。
在上述方案中,由于需要精确控制盲槽或盲孔的深度,因此带来了一定的加工精度控制方面的困难,尤其对于高频小型化器件,对于精度要求更高,加工盲槽或盲孔的难度急剧增加,甚至无法实现。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种介质滤波器、收发设备及基站,实现电容耦合的结构简单,能够降低介质滤波器的加工难度。
第一方面,本申请实施例提供了一种介质滤波器,包括:表面覆盖金属层的介质块,所述介质块包括至少两个谐振腔;所述介质块上有通孔,所述通孔位于相邻的两个谐振腔之间,所述通孔的内壁覆盖有金属层;所述介质块表面上围绕所述通孔的至少一个开口有第一隔断环,所述第一隔断环的内边沿与所述第一隔断环的外边沿所围成的区域暴露出所述介质块。通过通孔和导电层隔断(即第一隔断环)的组合结构实现谐振腔之间的电容耦合,在介质块上加工通孔和第一隔断环的难度要小于在介质块上加工指定深度的盲槽或盲孔的难度,可见,本申请实施例的介质滤波器对加工工艺的要求降低,避免了加工盲槽或盲孔时精度控制的难题,特别是,对于精度要求比较 高的小型高频滤波器也能达到较高的加工精度。
在一种可能的设计中,所述介质块上有开槽,所述开槽将所述介质块分隔为至少三个谐振腔,所述开槽的内表面覆盖有金属层。通过开槽将介质块分隔为至少三个谐振腔,开槽的实现方式简单,加工难度低,而且形成的谐振腔的个数为至少三个,有利于实际滤波场景的使用。
在一种可能的设计中,所述第一隔断环的内边沿与所述通孔开口的边沿间隔设置。通过调节第一隔断环的内边沿与通孔开口的边沿之间的间隔,可以调节介质滤波器中的容性耦合量,进而可以调节介质滤波器的低端零点位置。
在一种可能的设计中,所述第一隔断环的中心线与所述通孔的轴线重合。第一隔断环的中心线与通孔的轴线重合,符合工程设计需求,另外,能够使介质滤波器结构美观。
在一种可能的设计中,所述通孔的两个开口侧均有所述第一隔断环。在通孔的两个开口侧均有所述第一隔断环,可以增加介质滤波器的容性耦合量。
在一种可能的设计中,所述通孔为圆形通孔。将通孔设计为圆形,能够进一步降低介质滤波器的加工难度。
在一种可能的设计中,所述通孔为多边形通孔。可选的,所述多边形可以为三角形通孔、矩形通孔、五边形通孔及六边形通孔等各种可能的多边形通孔。
在一种可能的设计中,所述介质块上还有第二隔断环;所述第二隔断环的内边沿和外边沿之间暴露出所述介质块;所述第二隔断环的内边沿所围成区域的金属层作为信号输入端或信号输出端。将第二隔断环的内边沿所围成区域的金属层作为信号输入端或信号输出端,无需在介质滤波器上再设计额外的端口作为信号输入端或信号输出端,信号输入端或信号输出端的实现方式简单巧妙。
第二方面,本申请实施例提供了一种收发设备,包括:上述的介质滤波器。
第三方面,本申请实施例提供了一种基站,包括上述的收发设备。
本申请实施例的介质滤波器、收发设备及基站,通过通孔和导电隔断层的组合结构实现谐振腔之间的电容耦合,介质滤波器中实现电容耦合的结构简单,加工难度降低,克服了现有技术中盲槽或盲孔的深度难以精确控制的技术问题。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种介质滤波器的结构示意图;
图2是本申请实施例中分布在通孔两侧的两个谐振腔的等效耦合元件示意图;
图3本申请实施例中介质滤波器上的信号输入端的示意图;
图4是本申请实施例提供的另一种介质滤波器的结构示意图;
图5是图4所示介质滤波器的等效示意图;
图6是图4所示介质滤波器的等效电路图;
图7是本申请实施例介质滤波器的带通示意图;
图8是本申请实施例介质滤波器的低端零点调整曲线示意图;
图9是本申请实施例提供的又一种介质滤波器的结构示意图;
图10是图9所示介质滤波器的等效示意图;
图11是图图9所示介质滤波器的等效电路图;
图12是本申请实施例提供的再一种介质滤波器的结构示意图;
图13是图12所示介质滤波器的等效电路图;
图14是本申请实施例提供的一种收发设备的结构示意图;
附图标记:1-第一谐振腔,2-第二谐振腔,3-第三谐振腔,4-第一开槽,5-第二开槽,6-通孔,7-第一隔断环,7a-第一隔断环的外边沿,7b-第一隔断环的内边沿,8-第四谐振腔,9-第二隔断环,10-第五谐振腔,11-第六谐振腔,12-微带馈线,21-天线,22-介质滤波器,23-开关,24-信号发射支路,25-信号接收支路,241-功率放大器,251-低噪声放大器。
具体实施方式
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种介质滤波器的结构示意图。如图1所示,该介质滤波器包括表面覆盖金属层的介质块,所述介质块为固态介质材料制成。在图1中,对覆盖在介质块表面的金属层未进行标识,对于图1所示的结构,除特别指出的部分,图1所示结构的各个面上均覆盖金属层。
图1所示介质块包括至少两个谐振腔。如图1中,可以在介质块上设置开槽,通过所述开槽将介质块分隔为至少两个谐振腔,需要说明的是,在各个开槽的内表面也覆盖有金属层。例如图1中,两个第一开槽4将介质块分隔为两个谐振腔,即第一谐振腔1和第二谐振腔2。第一谐振腔1和第二谐振腔2均等效为电感和电容耦合并联的电路。
为了在图1所示介质滤波器中形成容性耦合,图1所示的介质块上还有通孔6,所述通孔6位于相邻的两个谐振腔之间,如图1中,在第一谐振腔1和第二谐振腔2之间设置通孔6,并且通孔6的内壁覆盖金属层。进一步在介质块表面上围绕通孔6的至少一个开口有第一隔断环7,第一隔断环的内边沿7b与第一隔断环的外边沿7a所围成的区域暴露出介质块。可选的,第一隔断环7的中心线与通孔6的轴线重合。
在本申请实施例方案中,由于在介质滤波器上设有第一隔断环7和通孔6的组合,产生结构上的不连续,使得通孔6和第一隔断环7附近的电场更加集中,能够存储电能,如图2所示,第一隔断环7和通孔6的组合结构相当于一个存储电能的电容器。
另外,对于未设置第一隔断环7的通孔6,虽然也产生结构上的不连续,但在通孔6附近是磁场能量占优势,呈现电感性质。
在本申请实施例方案中,第一隔断环7的内边沿与通孔6开口的边沿可以重合,可选的,第一隔断环7的内边沿与通孔6开口的边沿间隔设置。其中,通过调整第一隔断环7的内边沿与通孔6开口的边沿之间的间隔量,可以调节介质滤波器的容性耦合量,进而可以调节介质滤波器的低端零点位置。
另外,本申请实施例介质滤波器上的通孔6的形状可以根据实际需要进行设计,例如,可以设计为圆形通孔6,也可以设计为多边形通孔,其中,设计为圆形通孔加工起来更加简单;设计为多边形通孔,例如可以为三角形通孔、矩形通孔、五边形通孔及六边形通孔等各种可能的多边形通孔。
进一步,图1所示介质滤波器中通孔6的形状可以与第一隔断环7的形状相同,也可以不同。例如,通孔6为圆形通孔,第一隔断环7为方形环或者不规则形状的隔断环。隔断环的具体形状和尺寸可以根据介质滤波器的性能要求进行调整,不做具体限定。
在图1所示的介质滤波器中,在通孔6的一个开口侧设置了第一隔断环7,在一个可选的实施例中,可以在通孔6的两个开口侧均设置第一隔断环7。
进一步,本申请实施例的介质滤波器可以应用在收发设备中,例如可以应用在基站中。为了与收发设备中的电路结构相连接,图1所示介质滤波器上还设置有信号输入端和信号输出端。
例如,在图1所示介质滤波器中的第一谐振腔1上设置信号输入端,在第二谐振腔2上设置信号输出端。
图3示出了设置在第一谐振腔1上的信号输入端的结构示意图。以图3所示结构为例,信号输入端的结构为:在第一谐振腔1上设置第二隔断环9,第二隔断环9的内边沿和外边沿之间暴露出介质块,第二隔断环9的内边沿所围成区域的金属层作为信号输入端。
在本申请实施例方案中,信号输出端的结构与信号输入端的结构可以相同,具体的:
在第二谐振腔2上设置第三隔断环,第三隔断环的内边沿和外边沿之间暴露出介质块,第三隔断环的内边沿所围成区域的金属层作为信号输出端。
图4是本实施例提供的另一种介质滤波器的结构示意图。如图4所示,该介质滤波器包括表面覆盖金属层的介质块,所述介质块为固态介质材料制成。在图4中,对覆盖在介质块表面的金属层未进行标识,对于图4所示的结构,除特别指出部分,图4所示结构的各个面上均覆盖金属层。
如图4所示,介质块上有第一开槽4和第二开槽5,第一开槽4和第二开槽5的内表面也覆盖金属层。第一开槽4和第二开槽5将介质块分隔为三个谐振腔,具体的,第一开槽4用于分隔第一谐振腔1和第三谐振腔3,第二开槽5用于分隔第一谐振腔1和第二谐振腔2,第二开槽5还用于分隔第二谐振腔2和第三谐振腔3。
在图4所示的介质滤波器中,每个谐振腔等效为电感和电容耦合并联的电路,相邻两个谐振腔之间的狭窄通道为谐振腔之间的开窗,基于开窗形成的相邻两个谐振腔之间的耦合为电感耦合。
当从图4所示介质滤波器的第一谐振腔1输入信号,从第三谐振腔3输出信号时,图4所示的介质滤波器上形成两个信号通路,如图5所示,包括:
第一通路(实线标识):第一谐振腔1一第二谐振腔2一第三谐振腔3的信号通路;
第二通路(虚线标识):第一谐振腔1一第三谐振腔3的信号通路。
其中,第一通路为介质滤波器的主耦合通路,相邻的谐振腔之间基于开窗结构形成感性耦合,当第二通路中的第一谐振腔1和第三谐振腔3之间的耦合为感性耦合时,输入信号经过第一谐振腔1到第三谐振腔3后两个通路信号的相位相同,信号同相叠加不产生零点;当第二通路中的第一谐振腔1和第三谐振腔3之间的耦合为容性耦合时,输入信号经过第一谐振腔1到第三谐振腔3后两个通路信号的相位相反,两个通路的信号相消,能够产生零点。
为了使第二通路中的第一谐振腔1和第三谐振腔3之间的耦合为容性耦合,如图4所示,在第一谐振腔1和第三谐振腔3之间设置通孔6,所述通孔6的内壁覆盖有金属层,所述介质块表面上围绕所述通孔的至少一个开口有第一隔断环7,所述第一隔断环的内边沿7b与第一隔断环的外边沿7a所围成的区域暴露出所述介质块。可选的,所述第一隔断环的内边沿7b与通孔6的边沿间隔设置。可选的,第一隔断环7的中心线与通孔6的轴线重合。
由于在介质滤波器中设置了第一隔断环7和通孔6的组合,介质滤波器产生结构上的不连续,使得通孔6和第一隔断环7附近的电场更加集中,能够存储电能,使得第一隔断环7和通孔6的组合结构相当于一个存储电能的电容器。
如图6所示,图4所示介质滤波器的等效电路为,在第一通路上,第一谐振腔1、第二谐振腔2和第三谐振腔3之间为感性耦合,在第二通路上,第一谐振腔1和第三谐振腔3之间为容性耦合,由于两个通路中的信号相位相反,两个通路中的信号相互抵消,因此能够产生带通的低端零点抑制。
如图7所示,图4所示的介质滤波器,通过电感耦合形成滤波器通带的高端零点A,通过电容耦合形成通带的低端零点B。
如图8所示,通过调整通孔6的直径和第一隔断环7的宽度,能够调整电容耦合的耦合量,进而调整滤波器通带低端零点的位置,其中,当通孔6的直径增加和/或第一隔断环7的宽度增加时,等效电容值会增加,相应的电容耦合量增加,相应的滤波器的零点位置会产生移动。如图8中,B1点是容性耦合量较大时的低端零点位置,B3是容性耦合量较小时的低端零点位置,低端零点位置B2所对应两个谐振腔之间的电容耦合量大于B3点所对应两个谐振腔之间的电容耦合量,小于B1点所对应两个谐振腔之间的电容耦合量。
由此可以看出,本申请实施例提供的介质滤波器,通过调整通孔6的直径和第一隔断环7的宽度,可以调节容性耦合的强度,因此比较容易实现谐振腔之间的强耦合。
另外,本申请实施例介质滤波器中通孔6的形状可以根据实际需要进行设计,例如,可以设计为圆形通孔6,也可以设计为多边形通孔6,其中,设计为圆形通孔6加工起来更加简单;设计为多边形通孔6,例如可以为三角形通孔6、矩形通孔6、五边形通孔6及六边形通孔6等各种可能的多边形通孔6。
进一步,图4所示介质滤波器中通孔6的形状可以与第一隔断环7的形状相同,也可以不同。例如,通孔6为圆形通孔,第一隔断环7为方形环或者不规则形状的隔断环。第一隔断环7的具体形状和尺寸可以根据介质滤波器的性能要求进行调整,不做具体限定。
在图4所示的介质滤波器中,在通孔6的一个开口侧设置了第一隔断环7,在一个可选的实施例中,可以在通孔6的两个开口侧均设置第一隔断环7。
进一步,本申请实施例的介质滤波器可以应用在收发设备中,例如可以应用在基站中。为了与收发设备中的电路结构相连接,图4所示介质滤波器上还设置有信号输入端和信号输出端。
例如,在图4所示介质滤波器中的第一谐振腔1上设置信号输入端,在第三谐振腔3上设置信号输出端,其中,在介质滤波器上设置信号输入端和信号输出端的方式与图3相同,不再赘述。
图9是本申请实施例提供的又一种介质滤波器的结构示意图。如图9所示,该介质滤波器包括表面覆盖金属层的介质块,所述介质块为固态介质材料制成。在图9中,对覆盖在介质块表面的金属层未进行标识,对于图9所示的结构,除特别指出的部分,图9所示结构的表面上均覆盖金属层。
如图9中,介质块上有两个第一开槽4和一个第二开槽5,其中,两个第一开槽 4和一个第二开槽5的内表面均覆盖金属层。两个第一开槽4和一个第二开槽5将介质块分隔为四个谐振腔,具体的,其中一个开槽用于分隔第一谐振腔1和第四谐振腔8,另一个开槽用于分隔第二谐振腔2和第三谐振腔3,第二开槽5用于分隔第一谐振腔1和第二谐振腔2,还用于分隔第三谐振腔3和第四谐振腔8。
图9所示的介质滤波器中,每个谐振腔等效为电感和电容耦合并联的电路,相邻两个谐振腔之间的狭窄通道为谐振腔之间的开窗,由于开窗形成的相邻两个谐振腔之间的耦合为电感耦合。
当从图9所示介质滤波器的第一谐振腔1输入信号,从第四谐振腔8输出信号时,图9所示的介质滤波器上形成两个信号通路,如图10所示,包括:
第一通路(实线标识):第一谐振腔1一第二谐振腔2一第三谐振腔3一第四谐振腔8的信号通路;
第二通路(虚线标识):第一谐振腔1一第四谐振腔8的信号通路。
其中,在第一通路中,相邻的谐振腔之间基于开窗结构形成感性耦合,当第二通路中的第一谐振腔1和第四谐振腔8之间的耦合为感性耦合时,输入信号经过第一谐振腔1到第四谐振腔8后两个通路信号的相位相同,信号同相叠加不产生零点;当第二通路中的第一谐振腔1和第四谐振腔8之间的耦合为容性耦合时,输入信号经过第一谐振腔1到第四谐振腔8后两个通路信号的相位相反,两个通路的信号相消,能够产生零点。
为了使第二通路中的第一谐振腔1和第四谐振腔8之间的耦合为容性耦合,如图9所示,在第一谐振腔1和第四谐振腔8之间设置通孔6,所述通孔6的内壁覆盖有金属层,在所述介质块表面围绕所述通孔6的至少一个开口侧有第一隔断环7,第一隔断环的内边沿7b与第一隔断环的外边沿7a所述围成的区域暴露出所述介质块。可选的,第一隔断环的内边沿7b与相应通孔6的边沿间隔设置。
在本申请实施例方案中,通孔6和隔断环的组合结构使得第一谐振腔1和第四谐振腔8之间形成电容耦合,等效电路是一个电容元件。
如图11所示,图9所示介质滤波器的等效电路为,在第一通路上,第一谐振腔1、第二谐振腔2、第三谐振腔3和第四谐振腔8之间为感性耦合,在第二通路上,第一谐振腔1和第四谐振腔8之间为容性耦合,由于两个通路中的信号相位相反,两个通路中的信号相互抵消,因此能够产生带通的低端零点抑制。
同样的,在本实施例中,也可以通过调整通孔6的直径和第一隔断环7的宽度,达到调整介质滤波器低端零点位置的目的。
另外,本申请实施例介质滤波器上的通孔6的形状可以根据实际需要进行设计,例如,可以设计为圆形通孔6,也可以设计为多边形通孔6,其中,设计为圆形通孔 6加工起来更加简单;设计为多边形通孔6,例如可以为三角形通孔6、矩形通孔6、五边形通孔6及六边形通孔6等各种可能的多边形通孔6。
在图9所示的介质滤波器中,在通孔6的一个开口侧设置了第一隔断环7,在一个可选的实施例中,可以在通孔6的两个开口侧均设置第一隔断环7。
进一步,本申请实施例的介质滤波器可以应用在收发设备中,例如可以应用在基站中。为了与收发设备中的电路结构相连接,图9所示介质滤波器上还设置有信号输入端和信号输出端,其中,在介质滤波器上设置信号输入端和信号输出端的方式与实施例相同,不再赘述。
图12是本申请实施例提供的再一种介质滤波器的结构示意图。如图12所示,该介质滤波器包括覆盖金属层的介质块,其中,在图12中覆盖在介质块表面的金属层未进行标识,对于图12所示的结构,除特别指出的部分,图12所示结构的各个面上均覆盖有金属层,下述在介绍图12的结构时,仅对未覆盖金属层的部分进行特别的说明。
在图12所示的介质块上设置有开槽,通过开槽将介质块分隔为多个谐振腔。如图12中,介质块上设置有四个第一开槽4和一个第二开槽5,通过四个第一开槽4和一个第二开槽5将介质块分隔为第一至第六谐振腔11。
当从图12所示介质滤波器的第一谐振腔1输入信号,从第六谐振腔11输出信号时,图12所示的介质滤波器上形成两个信号通路,如图12所示,包括:
第一通路(实线标识):第一谐振腔1一第二谐振腔2一第三谐振腔3一第四谐振腔8一第五谐振腔10一第六谐振腔11的信号通路;
第二通路(虚线标识):第一谐振腔1一第二谐振腔2一第五谐振腔10一第六谐振腔11的信号通路。
其中,在第一通路中,相邻的谐振腔之间基于开窗结构形成感性耦合,当第二通路中的第二谐振腔2和第五谐振腔10之间的耦合为感性耦合时,两个通路中的信号相位相同,信号同相叠加不产生零点;当第二通路中,第二谐振腔2和第五谐振腔10之间的耦合为容性耦合时,两个通路中信号相位相反,两个通路的信号相消,能够产生零点。
为了使第二通路中的第二谐振腔2和第五谐振腔10之间的耦合为容性耦合,如图12所示,在第二谐振腔2和第五谐振腔10之间设置通孔6,所述通孔6的内壁覆盖有金属层,在所述介质块表面围绕所述通孔6的至少一个开口有第一隔断环7,所述第一隔断环7的内边沿与所述第一隔断环7的外边沿所述围成的区域暴露出所述介质块。可选的,所述第一隔断环7的内边沿与相应通孔6的边沿间隔设置。
在本申请实施例方案中,通孔6和隔断环的组合结构使得第一谐振腔1和第三谐振腔3之间形成电容耦合,等效电路是一个电容元件。
如图13所示,图12所示介质滤波器的等效电路为,在第一通路上,第一谐振腔1、第二谐振腔2、第三谐振腔3、第四谐振腔8、第五谐振腔10和第六谐振腔11之间为感性耦合,在第二通路上,第二谐振腔2和第五谐振腔10之间为容性耦合,由于两个通路中的信号相位相反,两个通路中的信号相互抵消,因此能够产生带通的低端零点抑制。
同样的,在本实施例中,也可以通过调整通孔6的直径和第一隔断环7的宽度,达到调整介质滤波器低端零点位置的目的。
同样的,在本实施例中,也可以通过调整通孔6的直径和第一隔断环7的宽度,达到调整介质滤波器低端零点位置的目的。
另外,本申请实施例介质滤波器上的通孔6的形状可以根据实际需要进行设计,例如,可以设计为圆形通孔6,也可以设计为多边形通孔6,其中,设计为圆形通孔6加工起来更加简单;设计为多边形通孔6,例如可以为三角形通孔6、矩形通孔6、五边形通孔6及六边形通孔6等各种可能的多边形通孔6。
在图12所示的介质滤波器中,在通孔6的一个开口侧设置了第一隔断环7,在一个可选的实施例中,可以在通孔6的两个开口侧均设置第一隔断环7。
进一步,本申请实施例的介质滤波器可以应用在收发设备中,例如,双工器、射频信号滤波器等装置。为了与收发设备中的电路结构相连接,图12所示介质滤波器上还设置有信号输入端和信号输出端,其中,在介质滤波器上设置信号输入端和信号输出端的方式与实施例相同,不再赘述。如图12中,介质滤波器上的信号输入端和信号输出端可以通过微带馈线12设置在电路板上,并通过微带馈线12与其它部件连接。
本申请实施例还提供了一种收发设备,该收发设备包括本申请实施例提供的任一种介质滤波器。可选的,图13示出了一种可能的收发设备结构图,该收发设备包括:介质滤波器22、天线21、开关23、信号接收支路25和信号发射支路24;所述天线21、所述介质滤波器22和所述开关23的控制端依次相连;所述开关23的两个选择端分别与所述信号接收支路25和所述信号发射支路24连接。具体的,在信号发射支路24上可以设置功率放大器241,在信号接收支路25上可以设置低噪声放大器251。
本申请实施例还提供一种基站,该基站包含本申请实施例提供的收发设备。本申请所述的基站可以包括各种形式的宏基站、微基站、中继站、接入点或射频拉远单元(Remote Radio Unit,RRU)等与用户设备进行无线通信的的网络侧设备,本申请对此不做唯一限定。在采用不同的无线接入技术的系统中,具备基站功能的设备的名称可能会有所不同,例如在LTE网络中,称为演进的节点B(evolved NodeB,eNB或 eNodeB),在3G(the 3rd Generation,第三代)网络中,称为节点B(Node B)等。
以上所述,仅为本申请的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此,本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种介质滤波器,其特征在于,包括:表面覆盖金属层的介质块,所述介质块包括至少两个谐振腔;
    所述介质块上有通孔,所述通孔位于相邻的两个谐振腔之间,所述通孔的内壁覆盖有金属层;
    所述介质块表面上围绕所述通孔的至少一个开口有第一隔断环,所述第一隔断环的内边沿与所述第一隔断环的外边沿所围成的区域暴露出所述介质块。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的介质滤波器,其特征在于,所述介质块上有开槽,所述开槽将所述介质块分隔为至少三个谐振腔,所述开槽的内表面覆盖有金属层。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的介质滤波器,其特征在于,所述第一隔断环的内边沿与所述通孔开口的边沿间隔设置。
  4. 如权利要求1至3任一项所述的介质滤波器,其特征在于,所述第一隔断环的中心线与所述通孔的轴线重合。
  5. 如权利要求1至4任一项所述的介质滤波器,其特征在于,所述通孔的两个开口侧均有所述第一隔断环。
  6. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的介质滤波器,其特征在于,所述通孔为圆形通孔。
  7. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的介质滤波器,其特征在于,所述通孔为多边形通孔。
  8. 如权利要求1至7任一项所述的介质滤波器,其特征在于,所述介质块上还有第二隔断环;
    所述第二隔断环的内边沿和外边沿之间暴露出所述介质块;
    所述第二隔断环的内边沿所围成区域的金属层作为信号输入端或信号输出端。
  9. 一种收发设备,其特征在于,包括:如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的介质滤波器。
  10. 一种基站,其特征在于,包括:如权利要求9所述的收发设备。
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WO2020228198A1 (zh) * 2019-05-14 2020-11-19 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 介质波导滤波器及其容性耦合结构
CN110098456A (zh) * 2019-05-24 2019-08-06 武汉凡谷电子技术股份有限公司 一种容性耦合装置及含有该容性耦合装置的滤波器
WO2020252946A1 (zh) * 2019-06-20 2020-12-24 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 介质波导滤波器的容性耦合结构及介质波导滤波器
JP2021002779A (ja) * 2019-06-21 2021-01-07 Agc株式会社 導波管フィルタ
JP7207193B2 (ja) 2019-06-21 2023-01-18 Agc株式会社 導波管フィルタ
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