Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
  • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
  • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
  • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
  • B32B5/12—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/06—Interconnection of layers permitting easy separation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
  • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
  • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
  • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
  • B63H9/067—Sails characterised by their construction or manufacturing process
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
  • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
  • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
  • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
  • B63H9/067—Sails characterised by their construction or manufacturing process
  • B63H9/0678—Laminated sails
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
  • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
  • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
  • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
  • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
  • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
  • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
  • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
  • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
  • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
  • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
  • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
  • B32B2307/538—Roughness
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/70—Other properties
  • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/70—Other properties
  • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/70—Other properties
  • B32B2307/744—Non-slip, anti-slip
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2553/00—Packaging equipment or accessories not otherwise provided for
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
  • B32B2605/12—Ships

Definitions

• the invention relates to a transfer system for a composite material comprising a cover sheet, a backing material consisting of a non-woven fabric and a textile layer of reinforcing fibers, in particular multifilaments.
• the composite material is particularly suitable for use in rigid composites, e.g. Surfboards, Skis, etc., as well as in flexible composites such. Canvas laminates and membranes suitable.
• Non-wovens are widely used to improve the properties of fabrics. For example, they increase the resistance to breakage and tearing, prevent the propagation of cracks, increase the impact resistance and improve the appearance.
• the open porosity of the non-wovens has a positive effect on the permeation of the binder contained in the composite.
• Reinforcing fibers are used in packaging materials and engineering products to increase tensile strength, impact resistance, stiffness and processing compatibility. In combination with non-wovens, improvements result from the combination of the properties of both materials.
• a composite of polyester films and reinforcing fibers has proven itself in sailing, for example.
• scrims are also used to improve the roughness and grip of surfaces.
• scrims are applied to the surface to improve grip in surfboards.
• Fiber reinforcements are typically applied to fabrics immediately prior to manufacture by machine-feeding the appropriate fibers into an adhesive bed.
• the introduction of a fiber reinforcement in an adhesive bed is usually associated with inaccuracies that conflict with the intended purpose, such as the absorption of tensile forces in a sail.
• a way to introduce fiber reinforcement into the sheet with precise alignment and in a tight form would be desirable.
• WO 2013/148696 A1 discloses a lattice work made of a plurality of bonded fiber layers which can be used to modify surfaces. The production is complicated and the adhesion of the different fiber layers to each other is limited.
• the textile layer has intersecting reinforcing fibers.
• the transfer system may also comprise a layer of parallel reinforcing fibers, preferably in the machine direction, and a combination of parallel and intersecting ones Reinforcing fibers.
• the fibers run for example at an angle of 0 °, + 45 ° and -45 ° to the machine direction. Angles other than 0 ° and 90 ° are referred to as off-angles.
• a cover film is understood as meaning a film which serves to protect the composite of nonwoven and textile reinforcing fibers and which can be readily removed before, during or after the application of the composite thereof.
• the cover film is thus not included in the composite.
• the transfer system according to the invention may have one or two cover sheets, in the latter case one on each side. With sufficient dimensional stability of the composite material can be dispensed with a cover sheet.
• the carrier material (nonwoven) and the applied textile layer of reinforcing fibers are adhesively connected to one another.
• the non-woven consists of thermoplastic materials, such as fibers of polyamide, polyester, polyolefin, etc., which develop a sufficient adhesive property when heated, this adhesive property can be used for fixing.
• the carrier material before or during the application is to be provided with a suitable binder.
• the application of the textile layer of reinforcing fibers without binder takes place at elevated temperature.
• the carrier material should recover its essential properties after cooling and the reinforcing fibers should not be adversely affected in the bonding process.
• the reinforcing fibers according to the invention consist of multifilaments, ie a plurality of individual fibers, which have a substantially parallel course.
• the fibers may be twisted, but need not.
• Multifilaments of a plurality of individual fibers have the advantage that the crossing points can be kept flat and thus the composite has a low thickness.
• monofilaments and tapeworm materials is also possible.
• any materials can be used for the cover film, provided that they have release properties and are easily removable from the composite.
• polyolefins, in particular polyethylene and polypropylene are suitable.
• Such cover films have, for example, a thickness of 0.1 to 0.4 mm.
• Cover films may be disposed on only one or both sides of the nonwoven and fabric layer composite and allow the composite to be sheeted and rolled up. It is also possible to provide the layer of reinforcing fibers on both sides with a non-woven. In this case, the cover sheet can be arranged on one side or on both sides.
• the coversheet may be used as a base in the manufacture of the composite of nonwoven and reinforcing fibers. But it is also possible to combine the cover film and the composite in the manufacturing process.
• the carrier material non-woven
• the carrier material preferably has a thickness of 0.020 to 0.070 mm and in particular 0.030 to 0.060 mm. He should develop its adhesive properties at a temperature in the range of 80 to 180 ° C, in particular at about 100 ° C.
• the carrier material has a thermoplastic fiber material which adheres when heated, in particular a polyamide.
• Intersecting reinforcing fibers of the textile layer are preferably arranged in individual layers which have sets of parallel-guided filaments.
• the distance between the filaments is 0.3 to 1 1, 5 cm, in particular about 2 cm.
• the different layers are arranged so that the flocks intersect, preferably off-angle (not at right angles). Preference is given to crossing angles of 40 to 140 °, except the range 85 to 95 °. The distance and the crossing angle result from the strength requirements as well as from the yarn size itself, ie when using yarn with a high titer, the distance between the individual strands can be high and vice versa.
• the strand denier density may be 18,000 dpi (denier per inch), for example, 18 strands per inch width of each 1 .000 can distribute the.
• a strand denier density of 500 to 7,500 dpi in each yarn layer is sufficient, in particular one of 1 .000 to 6,000 dpi.
• the reinforcing fibers are customary in question, as they are used in particular in the compositing, sailing, or for packaging purposes, such as aramid, carbon, polyester, polyolefin, polyamide.
• multifilament yarns of UHMWPE e.g., Dyneema®
• aramid e.g., Technora Black®, Twaron®
• the use of UHMWPE based material e.g., EnduMax® is also possible.
• the textile layer consists of the corresponding number of individual layers.
• the reinforcing fibers in the textile layer form a lattice structure.
• Lattice structure in this context means that at least two sets of filaments intersect. But there may also be more flocks available, for example, a crowd, which runs in the machine direction and two other flocks, which intersect at an angle of 60 and 120 °.
• the transfer system according to the invention can be produced with a low thickness, for example with a thickness of less than 0.3 mm.
• the strength of the composite of non-woven and reinforcing fibers can be less than 0.2 mm. However, the strength depends on the requirements of the respective application.
• the composite of the transfer system according to the invention has a thickness of 0.2 to 0.4 mm, measured at the crossing points with one or two cover sheets.
• a composite produced according to the invention - without a cover sheet - may, for example, have a weight per unit area of 21 g / m 2 .
• Such low basis weights for fiber reinforcement are in one Adhesive bed laid reinforcing fibers difficult to reach.
• the basis weight of the composite is 10 to 30 g / m 2 .
• the transfer material according to the invention is easy to produce in large quantities and can be produced, for example, as a roll material with widths of up to 2.0 m and lengths of up to 1 000 m.
• the roll material can be cut to any size and is applicable due to the high flexibility of the composite on curved surfaces. In particular, it can be used for the production of canvas and sailing as well as for increasing the surface roughness of surfaces, such as surfboards.
• Another purpose is in the production of packaging materials, are placed on the high demands on tear resistance and toughness. The production and the cutting of reinforcing tapes is also possible.
• the composite according to the invention is laid in a known manner in an adhesive bed, wherein the cover sheet, if present on the adhesive side is removed in advance and a possible second cover sheet after application to the adhesive bed.
• the non-woven of the transfer system according to the invention retains its porosity - and thus its permeability to air and adhesive or resin - even in the composite. This makes it possible to suck air out of the composite during the laminate production by means of vacuum, a conventional method. This results in a more uniform laminate. At the same time, glue or resin can be sucked (infused) into the laminate.
• a transfer system according to the invention was provided with one and two cover sheets of polypropylene which served as peel-off films and a non-woven fabric Polyamide base produced as a carrier material and reinforcing fibers.
• Technora Black® fibers with 750 denier and an angle of + 22 ° and -22 ° to the machine direction at a distance of 1, 9 cm were used.
• the measured thicknesses at the points of intersection, with a fiber layer and the carrier material alone, and the basis weights with and without cover films are given in the table below.
• the pattern had a basis weight of the composite of 21 g / m 2 .
• the values given are mean values from three measurements.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (4)

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Citations (5)

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• 2017
  • 2017-01-24 DE DE102017101301.6A patent/DE102017101301A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2018
  • 2018-01-19 US US16/480,005 patent/US11504942B2/en active Active
  • 2018-01-19 EP EP18703696.7A patent/EP3573824B1/de active Active
  • 2018-01-19 JP JP2019560470A patent/JP7069216B2/ja active Active
  • 2018-01-19 WO PCT/EP2018/051337 patent/WO2018138015A1/de not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (6)

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