WO2018137594A1 - 换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置 - Google Patents

换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018137594A1
WO2018137594A1 PCT/CN2018/073731 CN2018073731W WO2018137594A1 WO 2018137594 A1 WO2018137594 A1 WO 2018137594A1 CN 2018073731 W CN2018073731 W CN 2018073731W WO 2018137594 A1 WO2018137594 A1 WO 2018137594A1
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Prior art keywords
shifting
gear
transmission
driving
lever
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PCT/CN2018/073731
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
付香芽
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昆山恩电开通信设备有限公司
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Priority to US16/467,944 priority Critical patent/US11022217B2/en
Publication of WO2018137594A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018137594A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/12—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/22—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
    • F16H25/2204—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/32—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of a base station electric-adjusting antenna phase shifter, in particular to a shift-type driving transmission device used in a phase shifter.
  • the base station ESC antenna system plays an important role in the mobile communication network.
  • the phase shifter is the key research object of the ESC antenna.
  • the phase shifter mainly uses manual or motor as the driving source, and the phase shifting function is realized by the transmission mechanism in the middle to realize the phase shifting action.
  • the base station's ESC antenna uses too many multi-frequency modes and the requirements for performance, volume, weight, reliability, cost, etc. are constantly improved.
  • the phase shifter drive control device Design requirements are important.
  • the Chinese invention patent discloses a base station antenna phase shifter adjusting device, comprising a first support block and a second support block fixed on an antenna reflection plate, and the second support block is mounted with a drive The shaft, the front end of the drive shaft is connected with a manual adjustment knob for manually adjusting the electric downtilt angle, the rear end of the drive shaft is connected with the stop block, the stop block is supported by the first support block, and the drive shaft is sleeved with a driven nut, the drive shaft The driven nut is linearly moved by providing an external thread, and the driven nut is fixedly connected with the scaled scale, and the scale passes through the scale indicating block fixedly mounted on the antenna reflector.
  • the design of the phase shifter transmission mechanism is too much in a one-to-one design mode, that is, a phase shifter requires a separate driving source, and the motor driving source and its control board need to be placed separately or collectively inside the antenna or plugged in.
  • These transmission methods have the following problems: First, the multi-frequency ESC antenna requires multiple motor drive sources, and the cost is high. If the motor drive source is placed inside the antenna separately with its control board, it cannot be quickly repaired and replaced, and the internal power supply line needs to be connected in series, and the structure is complicated. If the motor drive source is plugged and unplugged separately with its control board, the power supply line needs to be connected in series outside the antenna, which is unfavorable for engineering and aesthetics.
  • the present invention provides a shifting type multi-channel phase shifter driving transmission, comprising: a driving device including a driving shaft and a shifting shaft that output power outward; a shifting mechanism including a shifting gear, a shifting gear, the shifting gear being coupled to the shifting shaft, the shifting gear meshing with the shifting rack, the shifting gear a shifting protrusion is arranged on the strip, the shifting rack can be moved back and forth; a plurality of angle adjusting mechanisms including a transmission screw, a transmission nut, a clutch lever, a lever, an active clutch gear, and a passive clutch gear
  • the active clutch gear is coupled to the lever, the lever is coupled to the clutch lever, and the clutch lever or lever is coupled to a shift return spring, and the clutch lever and the lever are movable back and forth along the axis Moving, the passive clutch gear is coupled to the transmission screw, the transmission nut is located on the transmission screw, and the active clutch gear is coupled to a drive shaft of the driving device through a transmission mechanism, the shifting rack and the
  • the active clutch gear meshes with the passive clutch gear
  • the transmission nut is connected with the pull rod; a scale mechanism, the angle adjustment mechanism is in one-to-one correspondence with the scale mechanism, the scale mechanism is used for detecting the position of the transmission nut; the frame, the driving device, the shifting mechanism, the angle adjustment mechanism, the scale mechanism Located on the rack.
  • the driving device is an electric driving device or a manual driving device.
  • the driving device is located in a middle portion of the rack, and the angle adjusting mechanism and the scale mechanism are located at two sides of the driving device.
  • the transmission mechanism includes a driving gear, a transmission gear and a plurality of intermediate gears, and the driving shaft is coupled to the driving gear, and the driving gear is meshed with the transmission gear or directly adjacent to the intermediate gear.
  • the active clutch gears of the two angle adjustment mechanisms are directly meshed through the intermediate gear.
  • the frame is provided with 2-9 of the angle adjustment mechanism and the scale mechanism.
  • the frame is an injection molded structure, a die cast structure or a machined formed structure.
  • the passive clutch gear is coupled to a shift spring.
  • the transmission nut is provided with a guiding limiting hole
  • the guiding ruler is provided with a guiding block corresponding to the position of the guiding limiting hole
  • the scale is connected with the scale return spring
  • the shifting rack is provided with a shifting projection at each end, and the top of the shifting projection has a planar structure.
  • the back side of the shifting rack is provided with a guiding mechanism.
  • the shifting type multi-channel phase shifter driving transmission device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the phase shifter driving transmission device is provided with a shifting mechanism and a plurality of angle adjusting mechanisms on the frame, which are first used in use.
  • the shifting rack of the shifting mechanism is driven by the driving device to move to the position of the corresponding angle adjusting mechanism, and the shifting protrusion of the shifting rack is pressed against the lever, so that the active clutch gear of the angle adjusting mechanism meshes with the passive clutch gear.
  • the driving device can drive the active clutch gear and the passive clutch gear to rotate through the transmission mechanism, thereby driving the transmission screw to rotate, so that the transmission nut on the transmission screw can realize reciprocating linear motion.
  • the phase shifter driving transmission can drive a plurality of phase shifters for angle adjustment by a driving device, which reduces the number of driving sources, can effectively reduce the cost, and the driving transmission device can make the structure simpler. Modular assembly can be realized, maintenance and replacement are more convenient, and the appearance is more beautiful, there is no problem of stringing, the performance is more reliable, and the scale can be adjusted manually by this method, and the operation is more simple and convenient.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the back surface of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic view showing the installation structure of a shifting rack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the connection of a scale and a transmission nut according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a shifting multi-channel phase shifter driving transmission device
  • the shifting multi-channel phase shifter driving transmission device comprises a frame 1, and the frame 1 is a frame structure.
  • the frame 1 is provided with front and rear frame side plates 2, and the bottom of the frame 1 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 101.
  • the frame 1 can be an injection molded structure, a die cast structure or a machined molded structure.
  • the frame side panel 2 is also not limited to injection molding, and may be formed by metal die casting or machine sheet metal forming, or combined with an antenna joint mounting plate.
  • a driving device 3 is disposed on the frame 1.
  • the driving device 3 can be an electric driving device or a manual driving device.
  • the frame is provided with a driving device positioning boss 107.
  • the driving device positioning boss 107 can be used for the driving device. Fixed positioning.
  • the drive unit 3 is provided with a drive shaft 5 and a shift shaft 9, and the drive shaft 5 and the shift shaft 9 are both for outputting power outward.
  • the shifting mechanism includes a shifting gear 10 and a shifting rack 11 .
  • the shifting gear 10 is coupled to the shifting shaft 9 , and the shifting gear 11 meshes with the shifting rack 10 .
  • the shifting rack 10 is mounted in the rack mounting guide groove 102.
  • the rack mounting guide groove 102 is provided with a shifting rack positioning boss, and the rack 1 is further provided with a shifting rack mounting opening 109.
  • the shifting rack 11 is provided with a shifting projection 111, and the shifting rack 11 is movable back and forth, and a guiding mechanism is further provided on the back side of the shifting rack 11.
  • a shifting projection 111 is respectively disposed at both ends of the shifting rack 11 , and the top of the shifting projection is a planar structure (as shown in FIG. 3 ).
  • the frame 1 is further provided with a plurality of angle adjustment mechanisms and a plurality of scale mechanisms, and the angle adjustment mechanism has a one-to-one correspondence with the scale mechanism.
  • Each of the angle adjusting mechanisms includes a transmission screw 19, a transmission nut 20, a clutch lever 12, a lever 13, an active clutch gear 16, and a passive clutch gear 17.
  • the active clutch gear 16 is coupled to the shift lever 13 and the shift lever 13 is coupled to the clutch lever 12.
  • One end of the clutch lever 12 is located outside the frame side panel 2, and the outer end of the clutch lever 12 is provided with a spring pad 18, and the spring pad 18 and A shift return spring 14 is disposed between the frame side plates 2.
  • the shift return spring 14 can also be coupled to the shift lever 13, and the clutch lever 12 and the shift lever 13 can be moved back and forth in the axial direction, so that the active clutch gear 16 can also move back and forth in the axial direction.
  • the frame side plate 2 is provided with a transmission screw mounting hole 104.
  • the transmission screw 19 is connected to the passive clutch gear 17, and the transmission nut 20 is located on the transmission screw 19.
  • the rotation of the transmission screw 19 drives the transmission nut 20 to reciprocate in a linear direction.
  • the transmission nut 20 is connected to the pull rod 4, and the frame side plate 2 is provided with a pull rod hole 105 corresponding to the position of the pull rod 4, and the movement of the transmission nut 20 can drive the pull rod 4 to move.
  • the active clutch gear 16 is coupled to the drive shaft 5 of the drive unit 3 via a transmission mechanism.
  • the drive shaft 5 can drive the active clutch gear 16 of each angle adjustment mechanism to rotate by a transmission mechanism.
  • the shifting rack 11 is opposite to the position of the lever 13 of the angle adjusting mechanism. When the shifting rack 11 is moved to the corresponding position, the shifting projection 111 on the shifting rack 11 is in contact with the lever 13, and the shifting is convex. The 111 will move inwardly against the lever 111 to engage the active clutch gear 16 with the passive clutch gear 17. To ensure linear movement of the lever 13, the bottom of the lever 13 can be provided with a lever guide groove 108.
  • the shifting rack 11 can also be disposed at the end of the clutch lever 12 of the angle adjusting mechanism such that when the shifting projection 111 on the shifting rack 11 comes into contact with the clutch lever 12, the active clutch gear 16 and the passive clutch gear 17 It can also be engaged.
  • the passive clutch gear 17 can be coupled to the shift spring 15, one end of the shift spring 15 is lowered against the passive clutch gear 17, and the other end of the shift spring 15 is Low against the stop ring, the frame 1 is provided with a stop ring mounting opening 110.
  • the scale mechanism is mainly used to detect the position of the transmission nut, the scale mechanism includes a scale 21, and the frame side plate 2 is provided with a scale hole 105.
  • a guide limiting hole may be disposed on the transmission nut 20, and a guiding block 211 corresponding to the position of the guiding limiting hole is disposed on the scale 21, so that when the scale 21 is pulled, the guiding limiting hole is When the guide block 211 is inserted into the guide limit hole, the scale 21 can no longer continue to be pulled outward, so that the position of the transmission nut 20 can be determined.
  • the scale 21 is connected to the scale return spring 22.
  • the scale 21 scale is referenced to the standard table on the frame 1, and the manual pull-out is reset by the scale return spring 22.
  • the driving device 3 can be disposed in the middle of the frame 1, and the angle adjusting mechanism and the scale mechanism are disposed on both sides of the driving device 3.
  • the frame 1 can be provided with 2-9 of the angle adjustment mechanism and the scale mechanism.
  • the rack side plate 2 is provided with a corresponding screw mounting hole 104, a lever hole 105, a scale hole 106, and the like.
  • the transmission mechanism connecting the drive shaft 5 and the active clutch gear 16 can be provided in various structures as needed, as long as the drive shaft 5 can be driven to rotate the active clutch gear 16.
  • the transmission mechanism comprises a drive gear 6, a transmission gear 7 and a plurality of intermediate gears 8.
  • the drive shaft 5 is connected to the drive gear 6, and the drive gear 6 is meshed with the transmission gear 7 or directly with the intermediate gear 8, adjacent
  • the active clutch gears of the two angle adjustment mechanisms can be meshed directly through the intermediate gear 7. It is also possible to cancel the intermediate gear 8 as needed and drive it directly through the transmission gear.
  • the drive shaft and the shift drive shaft may be combined into one, the drive shaft 5 of the drive device 3 and the shift shaft 9 are coaxially disposed, and the shift shaft 9 is sleeved in the drive shaft 5
  • the drive shaft 5 can also be sleeved in the shift shaft 9, and the shift shaft 9 and the drive shaft 5 can be independently rotated. It is also within the scope of this patent to mount the drive gear 06 coaxially with the shifting gear 10 and drive it separately.
  • the shifting gear 10 can be first driven to rotate by the shifting shaft 9 of the driving device 3, thereby driving the shifting rack 11 to move, so that the shifting rack 11 is
  • the shifting projection 111 is lowered against the lever 13 at the corresponding position, thereby engaging the active clutch gear 16 corresponding to the lever 13 with the passive clutch gear 17.
  • the active clutch gear 16 is then driven by the drive shaft 5 of the drive unit 3 via the transmission mechanism, since only the active clutch gear 16 corresponding to the position of the shift projection 111 meshes with the passive clutch gear 17, and the active clutch gear 16 of the other angle adjustment mechanism It does not mesh with the passive clutch gear 17, so that the transmission screw 19 on the corresponding angle adjustment mechanism can be rotated by the transmission shaft, thereby driving the transmission nut 20 and the tie rod 4 to move.
  • the position of the transmission nut on each of the angle adjustment mechanisms can be determined by the scale mechanism, and the inclination angle of the antenna can be determined.
  • the phase shifter driving transmission device is provided with a shifting mechanism and a plurality of angle adjusting mechanisms on the frame.
  • the shifting rack of the shifting mechanism is first driven by the driving device to move to the position of the corresponding angle adjusting mechanism, and the shifting is performed.
  • the shifting protrusion of the rack bears against the lever, so that the active clutch gear of the angle adjusting mechanism meshes with the passive clutch gear, so that the driving device can drive the active clutch gear and the passive clutch gear to rotate through the transmission mechanism, thereby driving the transmission screw to rotate.
  • the reciprocating linear motion of the transmission nut on the transmission screw is realized.
  • the phase shifter driving transmission can drive a plurality of phase shifters for angle adjustment by a driving device, which reduces the number of driving sources, can effectively reduce the cost, and the driving transmission device can make the structure simpler. Modular assembly can be realized, maintenance and replacement are more convenient, and the appearance is more beautiful, there is no problem of stringing, the performance is more reliable, and the scale can be adjusted manually by this method, and the operation is more simple and convenient. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

一种换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置，其包括：驱动装置（3）、换挡机构、多个调角机构和多个标尺机构。在使用时通过驱动装置（3）驱动换挡机构的换挡齿条（11）移动至相应调角机构的位置，换挡齿条（11）的换挡凸起（111）顶住拨杆（13），使该调角机构的主动离合齿轮（16）与被动离合齿轮（17）啮合，进而带动传动螺杆（19）旋转，使传动螺杆（19）上的传动螺母（20）实现往复直线运动。该移相器驱动传动装置可通过一个驱动装置（3）驱动多个移相器进行角度调节，减少了驱动源的个数，可有效降低成本，同时采用这种驱动传动装置可使结构变得更加简单，可实现模块化装配，维修、更换更加的方便，而且外观更加的美观，不会出现串线的问题，性能更加的可靠。

Description

换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置 技术领域
本发明涉及基站电调天线移相器技术领域，特别涉及一种用在移相器上的换挡式驱动传动装置。
背景技术
基站电调天线系统对于移动通信网络有举足轻重的作用，移相器作为实现天线电调功能的关键元件，是电调天线的重点研究对象。移相器主要采用人工或电机作为驱动源，中间通过传动机构传动来实现移相调角功能，从而实现移相动作。随着通信行业的飞速发展及安装铁塔资源的紧张等，基站电调天线太多采用多频模式而且对性能、体积、重量、可靠性、成本等要求不断提高，对于移相器驱动控制装置的设计要求优其重要。
中国发明专利(公开号：204303992U)就公开了一种基站天线移相器调节装置，包括固定在天线反射板上的第一支撑块和第二支撑块，所述第二支撑块上安装有驱动轴，驱动轴前端与用于手动调节电下倾角的手调旋钮连接，驱动轴后端与止动块连接，止动块由第一支撑块支撑，驱动轴上套有从动螺母，驱动轴通过设有外螺纹驱动从动螺母直线运动，从动螺母与设有刻度的标尺固定连接，标尺穿过固定安装在天线反射板上的标尺指示块。
目前移相器传动机构的设计太多采用一对一设计模式，也就是一个移相器需要一个单独的驱动源，电机驱动源及其控制板需要分开或集合放置在天线内部或采用插拔式，这些传动方式存在以下问题：首先多频电调天线需要多个电机驱动源，成本高。如电机驱动源随其控制板分开放置天线内部，则不能实现快速维修、更换，而且内部需要串接电源线，结构复杂。如采用电机驱动源随其控制板分开采用插拔式，则天线外部需要串接电源线，对于工程及美观不利。如采用单个电机驱动源分开放置，控制板集合放置天线内部，则不能实现快速维修、更换，而且内部需要串接电源线。如采用单个电机驱动源分开放置、控制板集合采用插拔式，驱动源不能实现快速维修、更换，而且内部需要串接电源线。而且以上方式均不能 实现人工驱动，且调角标尺设计也较为困难。
发明内容
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供一种结构简单、可采用一个驱动源驱动多路移相器驱动传动装置。
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的，本发明提供一种换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置，其包括：驱动装置，所述驱动装置包括向外输出动力的驱动轴和换挡轴；换挡机构，所述换挡机构包括换挡齿轮、换挡齿条，所述换挡齿轮与所述换挡轴连接，所述换挡齿轮与所述换挡齿条啮合，所述换挡齿条上设有换挡凸起，所述换挡齿条可来回移动；多个调角机构，所述调角机构包括传动螺杆、传动螺母、离合杆、拨杆、主动离合齿轮、被动离合齿轮，所述主动离合齿轮与所述拨杆连接，所述拨杆与所述离合杆连接，所述离合杆或拨杆与换挡复位弹簧连接，所述离合杆、拨杆可沿轴线方向来回移动，所述被动离合齿轮与所述传动螺杆连接，所述传动螺母位于所述传动螺杆上，所述主动离合齿轮通过传动机构与所述驱动装置的驱动轴连接，所述换挡齿条与所述调角机构的拨杆或离合杆的位置相对，所述换挡凸起与所述拨杆或离合杆接触时，所述主动离合齿轮与所述被动离合齿轮啮合，所述传动螺母与拉杆连接；多个标尺机构，所述调角机构与所述标尺机构一一对应，所述标尺机构用于检测所述传动螺母的位置；机架，所述驱动装置、换挡机构、调角机构、标尺机构位于所述机架上。
优选的，所述驱动装置为电动驱动装置或人工驱动装置。
优选的，所述驱动装置位于所述机架的中部，所述调角机构、标尺机构位于所述驱动装置的两侧。
优选的，所述传动机构包括驱动齿轮、传动齿轮和多个中间齿轮，所述驱动轴与所述驱动齿轮连接，所述驱动齿轮通过所述传动齿轮或直接与所述中间齿轮啮合，相邻两个调角机构的主动离合齿轮直接通过所述中间齿轮啮合连接。
优选的，所述机架上设有2-9个所述调角机构和标尺机构。
优选的，所述机架为注塑成型结构、压铸成型结构或机加工成型结构。
优选的，所述被动离合齿轮与换挡弹簧连接。
优选的，所述传动螺母上设有导向限位孔，所述标尺上设有与所述导向限位孔位置对应的导向块，所述标尺与标尺复位弹簧连接。
优选的，所述换挡齿条在两端各设有一换挡凸起，所述换挡凸起的顶部为平面结构。
优选的，所述换挡齿条的背面设有导向机构。
如上所述，本发明的换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置具有以下有益效果：该移相器驱动传动装置在机架上设置了换挡机构和多个调角机构，在使用时首先通过驱动装置驱动换挡机构的换挡齿条移动至相应调角机构的位置，换挡齿条的换挡凸起顶住拨杆，使该调角机构的主动离合齿轮与被动离合齿轮啮合，这样驱动装置就可通过传动机构带动主动离合齿轮、被动离合齿轮旋转，进而带动传动螺杆旋转，使传动螺杆上的传动螺母实现往复直线运动。该移相器驱动传动装置可通过一个驱动装置驱动多个移相器进行角度调节，减少了驱动源的个数，可有效降低成本，同时采用这种驱动传动装置可使结构变得更加简单，可实现模块化装配，维修、更换更加的方便，而且外观更加的美观，不会出现串线的问题，性能更加的可靠，而且采用这种方式可手工方式调节标尺，操作更加的简单、方便。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的正面结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例的背面结构示意图。
图3为本发明实施例换挡齿条的安装结构示意图。
图4为本发明实施例标尺与传动螺母的连接示意图。
元件标号说明
1、机架；101安装孔；102齿条安装导向槽；104、螺杆安装孔；105、拉杆孔；106、标尺孔；107、驱动装置定位凸台；108、拨杆导向槽；109、换挡齿条安装口；110；止挡环安装口；2、机架侧板；3、驱动装置；4、拉杆；5、驱动轴；6、驱动齿轮；7、传动齿轮；8、中间齿轮；9、换挡轴；10、换挡齿轮；11、换挡齿 条；111、换挡凸起；12、离合杆；13、拨杆；14、换挡复位弹簧；15、换挡弹簧；16主动离合齿轮；17、被动离合齿轮；18、弹簧垫；19传动螺杆；20、传动螺母；21、标尺；211、导向块22、标尺复位弹簧。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效。
请参阅图1至图4。须知，本说明书所附图式所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容得能涵盖的范围内。同时，本说明书中所引用的如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中间”及“一”等的用语，亦仅为便于叙述的明了，而非用以限定本发明可实施的范围，其相对关系的改变或调整，在无实质变更技术内容下，当亦视为本发明可实施的范畴。
如图1、2所示，本发明提供一种换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置，该换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置包括机架1，机架1为一框型结构，机架1上设有前后机架侧板2，机架1的底部设有多个安装孔101。机架1可采用注塑成型结构、压铸成型结构或机加工成型结构。机架侧板2也不限于注塑成型，也可用金属压铸或机钣金成型，或与天线接头安装板合二为一。机架1上设有一驱动装置3，驱动装置3可以为电动驱动装置，也可以为人工驱动装置，机架上设有驱动装置定位凸台107，通过驱动装置定位凸台107可以为驱动装置进行固定定位。驱动装置3上设有驱动轴5和换挡轴9，驱动轴5、换挡轴9都是用于向外输出动力。
机架1上还设有一换挡机构，该换挡机构包括换挡齿轮10、换挡齿条11，换挡齿轮10与换挡轴9连接，换挡齿轮11与换挡齿条10啮合，换挡齿条10安装在齿条安装导向槽102内，齿条安装导 向槽102内设有换挡齿条定位凸台，机架1上还设有换挡齿条安装口109。换挡齿条11上设有换挡凸起111，换挡齿条11可来回移动，在换挡齿条11的背面还设有导向机构。作为一种优选实施方式，可在换挡齿条11的两端分别设置一换挡凸起111，换挡凸起的顶部为平面结构(如图3所示)。该换挡机构在工作时，驱动装置3驱动换挡轴9旋转，换挡轴9带动换挡齿轮11旋转，换挡齿轮11带动换挡齿条10往复运动。
在机架1上还设有多个调角机构和多个标尺机构，调角机构与标尺机构一一对应。每个调角机构均包括传动螺杆19、传动螺母20、离合杆12、拨杆13、主动离合齿轮16、被动离合齿轮17。主动离合齿轮16与拨杆13连接，拨杆13与离合杆12连接，离合杆12的一端位于机架侧板2的外侧，离合杆12的外端设有弹簧垫18，在弹簧垫18和机架侧板2之间设有换挡复位弹簧14。换挡复位弹簧14也可与拨杆13连接，离合杆12、拨杆13可沿轴线方向来回移动，因此主动离合齿轮16也可沿轴线方向来回移动。机架侧板2上设有传动螺杆安装孔104，传动螺杆19与被动离合齿轮17连接，传动螺母20位于传动螺杆19上，传动螺杆19旋转可驱动传动螺母20沿直线方向往复移动。传动螺母20与拉杆4连接，机架侧板2上设有与拉杆4位置对应的拉杆孔105，传动螺母20移动就可带动拉杆4移动。
主动离合齿轮16通过传动机构与驱动装置3的驱动轴5连接，驱动轴5可通过传动机构带动各个调角机构的主动离合齿轮16旋转。换挡齿条11与调角机构的拨杆13的位置相对，当换挡齿条11移动到相应位置，换挡齿条11上的换挡凸起111会与拨杆13接触，换挡凸起111会顶住拨杆111向内移动，使主动离合齿轮16与被动离合齿轮17啮合，为了保证拨杆13沿直线运动，可将拨杆13的底部设置拨杆导向槽108。换挡齿条11也可设置在调角机构的离合杆12的端部，这样当换挡齿条11上的换挡凸起111与离合杆12接触时，主动离合齿轮16与被动离合齿轮17也可以啮合。为了保证主动离合齿轮16与被动离合齿轮17之间有效啮合，可使被动离合齿轮17与换挡弹簧15连接，换挡弹簧15的一端低靠在被动离 合齿轮17，换挡弹簧15的另一端低靠在止挡环上，机架1上设有止挡环安装口110。
如图4所示，标尺机构主要用于检测所述传动螺母的位置，标尺机构包括标尺21，机架侧板2上设有标尺孔105。作为一种具体实施方式，可在传动螺母20上设置导向限位孔，在标尺21上设有与导向限位孔位置对应的导向块211，这样拉动标尺21时，由于有导向限位孔的限位，当导向块211插入到导向限位孔时，标尺21就不能再继续向外拉，这样就可判定传动螺母20的位置。标尺21与标尺复位弹簧22连接。标尺21刻度以机架1上的标准台作为基准，人工拉出通过标尺复位弹簧22复位。
作为一种优选方式，驱动装置3可设置在机架1的中部，调角机构、标尺机构设置在驱动装置3的两侧。根据需要机架1可上设有2-9个所述调角机构和标尺机构。相对于每一个调角机构和标尺机构，机架侧板2上均设有与其对应的螺杆安装孔104、拉杆孔105、标尺孔106等。
连接驱动轴5与主动离合齿轮16的传动机构可根据需要设置为各种结构，只要能保证驱动轴5带动主动离合齿轮16旋转即可。作为一种具有实施方式，传动机构包括驱动齿轮6、传动齿轮7和多个中间齿轮8，驱动轴5与驱动齿轮6连接，驱动齿轮6通过传动齿轮7或直接与中间齿轮8啮合，相邻两个调角机构的主动离合齿轮可直接通过中间齿轮7啮合连接。也可根据需要取消中间齿轮8，直接通过传动齿轮进行传动。作为一种实施例，也可以将驱动轴与换档驱动轴合二为一，将驱动装置3的驱动轴5和换挡轴9同轴设置，将换挡轴9套设在驱动轴5内，当然，也可将驱动轴5套设在换挡轴9内，换挡轴9、驱动轴5分别独立旋转。将驱动齿轮06与换档齿轮10同轴安装，分开驱动，这种方式也在本专利的保护范围之内。
该换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置在使用时，可首先通过驱动装置3的换挡轴9带动换挡齿轮10旋转，进而驱动换挡齿条11移动，使换挡齿条11的换挡凸起111低靠在相应位置的拨杆13上，进而使与该拨杆13对应的主动离合齿轮16与被动离合齿轮17啮 合。然后由驱动装置3的驱动轴5通过传动机构驱动主动离合齿轮16，由于只有与换挡凸起111位置对应的主动离合齿轮16与被动离合齿轮17啮合，而其他调角机构的主动离合齿轮16与被动离合齿轮17不啮合，这样就可通过传动轴带动相应调角机构上的传动螺杆19旋转，进而带动传动螺母20及拉杆4移动。这样就可通过一个动力源驱动不同换向器工作。而通过标尺机构可确定每个调角机构上传动螺母的位置，进而可确定天线的倾斜角度。
该移相器驱动传动装置在机架上设置了换挡机构和多个调角机构，在使用时首先通过驱动装置驱动换挡机构的换挡齿条移动至相应调角机构的位置，换挡齿条的换挡凸起顶住拨杆，使该调角机构的主动离合齿轮与被动离合齿轮啮合，这样驱动装置就可通过传动机构带动主动离合齿轮、被动离合齿轮旋转，进而带动传动螺杆旋转，使传动螺杆上的传动螺母实现往复直线运动。该移相器驱动传动装置可通过一个驱动装置驱动多个移相器进行角度调节，减少了驱动源的个数，可有效降低成本，同时采用这种驱动传动装置可使结构变得更加简单，可实现模块化装配，维修、更换更加的方便，而且外观更加的美观，不会出现串线的问题，性能更加的可靠，而且采用这种方式可手工方式调节标尺，操作更加的简单、方便。所以，本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具高度产业利用价值。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置，其特征在于，其包括：
    驱动装置，所述驱动装置包括向外输出动力的驱动轴和换挡轴；
    换挡机构，所述换挡机构包括换挡齿轮、换挡齿条，所述换挡齿轮与所述换挡轴连接，所述换挡齿轮与所述换挡齿条啮合，所述换挡齿条上设有换挡凸起，所述换挡齿条可来回移动；
    多个调角机构，所述调角机构包括传动螺杆、传动螺母、离合杆、拨杆、主动离合齿轮、被动离合齿轮，所述主动离合齿轮与所述拨杆连接，所述拨杆与所述离合杆连接，所述离合杆或拨杆与换挡复位弹簧连接，所述离合杆、拨杆可沿轴线方向来回移动，所述被动离合齿轮与所述传动螺杆连接，所述传动螺母位于所述传动螺杆上，所述主动离合齿轮通过传动机构与所述驱动装置的驱动轴连接，所述换挡齿条与所述调角机构的拨杆或离合杆的位置相对，所述换挡凸起与所述拨杆或离合杆接触时，所述主动离合齿轮与所述被动离合齿轮啮合，所述传动螺母与拉杆连接；
    多个标尺机构，所述调角机构与所述标尺机构一一对应，所述标尺机构用于检测所述传动螺母的位置；
    机架，所述驱动装置、换挡机构、调角机构、标尺机构位于所述机架上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置，其特征在于：所述驱动装置为电动驱动装置或人工驱动装置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置，其特征在于：所述驱动装置位于所述机架的中部，所述调角机构、标尺机构位于所述驱动装置的两侧。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置，其特征在于：所述传动机构包括驱动齿轮、传动齿轮和多个中间齿轮，所述驱动轴与所述驱动齿轮连接，所述驱动齿轮通过所述传动齿轮或直接与所述中间齿轮啮合，相邻两个调角机构的主动离合齿 轮直接通过所述中间齿轮啮合连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置，其特征在于：所述机架上设有2-9个所述调角机构和标尺机构。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置，其特征在于：所述机架为注塑成型结构、压铸成型结构或机加工成型结构。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置，其特征在于：所述被动离合齿轮与换挡弹簧连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置，其特征在于：所述传动螺母上设有导向限位孔，所述标尺上设有与所述导向限位孔位置对应的导向块，所述标尺与标尺复位弹簧连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置，其特征在于：所述换挡齿条在两端各设有一换挡凸起，所述换挡凸起的顶部为平面结构。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的换挡式多路移相器驱动传动装置，其特征在于：所述驱动装置的驱动轴和换挡轴同轴设置，所述换挡轴套设在所述驱动轴内或所述驱动轴套设在所述换挡轴内，所述换挡轴、驱动轴分别独立旋转。
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