WO2018120653A1 - 多功能钻井实验台架 - Google Patents

多功能钻井实验台架 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018120653A1
WO2018120653A1 PCT/CN2017/087563 CN2017087563W WO2018120653A1 WO 2018120653 A1 WO2018120653 A1 WO 2018120653A1 CN 2017087563 W CN2017087563 W CN 2017087563W WO 2018120653 A1 WO2018120653 A1 WO 2018120653A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drilling
gantry
hydraulic cylinder
column
lug
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PCT/CN2017/087563
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田家林
朱志
陈平
陈德颉
任堰牛
王强
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西南石油大学
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Application filed by 西南石油大学 filed Critical 西南石油大学
Priority to US15/579,601 priority Critical patent/US10329849B2/en
Publication of WO2018120653A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018120653A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
    • E21B15/04—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts specially adapted for directional drilling, e.g. slant hole rigs
    • E21B15/045—Hydraulic, pneumatic or electric circuits for their positioning
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/021—Devices for subsurface connecting or disconnecting by rotation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/022—Control of the drilling operation; Hydraulic or pneumatic means for activation or operation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/026—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting having auxiliary platforms, e.g. for observation purposes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/024—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting having means for adapting to inclined terrain; having means for stabilizing the vehicle while drilling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multifunctional drilling experimental bench for use in the field of oil drilling simulation experiments.
  • On-site experimental wells can only provide a single working condition, and various downhole complexes and accidents are not easy to occur, and downhole complications and accidents are the result that drilling workers are unwilling to see, and it is not possible to change the production working conditions freely for experiments.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional drilling experimental bench for realizing horizontal, inclined and vertical well simulation experiments by hydraulically changing the angle of the gantry, which can provide lifting, pressurization, and various drilling tools and process experiments. Rotating power, etc., can also achieve drilling fluid circulation, and can also correspond to different angles of wellbore, with good reliability, work performance, safety and stability.
  • the multifunctional drilling experimental bench of the present invention utilizes the gantry and hydraulic pressure.
  • the cylinder is used to realize the load simulation experiment of the rig at different angles. It can obtain intermediate experimental data that cannot be obtained by on-site experiments or impossible to obtain in a short period of time, and can effectively speed up the use of new products and new processes into on-site production wells.
  • the multifunctional drilling experimental bench is composed of a door frame, a hydraulic cylinder, a power faucet and a platform base
  • the gantry comprises a door frame rib plate, a gantry column, a column column ear, a beam, a pull Pressure cylinder ear, tension pressure sensor, gantry ears, limit table, guide post mount, guide post, guide post rib plate, beam guide seat, beam lug, door frame rib plate by bolt connection
  • the gantry column is fixed, and the column struts are fixed on the gantry column by welding, and the column pillar mounting seat, the guiding column and the guiding column rib plate are installed in the U-shaped steel groove of the column, and the beam guiding seat is fixed by screws and both ends of the beam
  • the up and down movement is realized by the cooperation of the beam guide seat and the guide column
  • the hydraulic cylinder of the multifunctional drilling test bench is divided into a pitch hydraulic cylinder and a tension hydraulic cylinder, and the pitch hydraulic cylinder is a
  • the cylinder body is composed of a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder plunger.
  • the plunger of the pitch hydraulic cylinder is connected with the column lug through a pin, and the length of the pitch cylinder is changed by a hydraulic control system to realize the door.
  • the rotation of the frame, the hydraulic cylinder block is fixed at both ends of the beam through the trunnion seat, the plunger of the hydraulic cylinder is installed and pulled on the lug of the hydraulic cylinder through the pin b, and the length of the hydraulic cylinder is changed by the hydraulic control system.
  • the middle of the beam is a power faucet, the power faucet is composed of a hydraulic motor and a reduction gear;
  • the platform base comprises a gantry lug, a platform base, a drill rod clamping device and a track slider, the gantry
  • the lugs are mounted on the platform base by bolting.
  • the drill pipe clamping device is installed under the wellbore hole of the platform base to facilitate clamping the experimental drill pipe.
  • the platform base is provided with track sliders on both sides to facilitate cooperation with the ground track.
  • the gantry ears are connected with the gantry by the pin shaft, and the gantry changes the angle with the ground under the action of the pitch hydraulic cylinder to realize the multi-angle drilling experiment simulation. Most of them are vertical drilling experiments. Therefore, the use of the rotating pin shaft to strengthen the gantry binaural and gantry ears increases the reliability of the experimental bench.
  • the multi-functional drilling test bench in the above scheme is realized by a low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor with continuous rotation in order to realize the rotating motion of the drilling tool, and the power faucet is designed at the center position of the experimental rig beam between the hydraulic motor and the drilling tool. Gears are required to achieve force and speed transfer.
  • the displacement of the power faucet is controlled by fixing two telescopic hydraulic cylinders on the drilling machine, and
  • the tensile pressure sensor is placed at the lower end of the plunger of the hydraulic cylinder to act as a tension and pressure applied by the experimental bench to simulate the drilling.
  • the drill pipe clamping device described in the multi-functional drilling test bench of the above solution is installed on the bottom of the bottom of the platform base by screw connection, and the drill pipe clamping device is clamped by the hydraulic cylinder block and clamped the hydraulic cylinder column.
  • the plug, the clamping mount, the clamping block, the block, the gland are composed, the hydraulic pressure is changed by the hydraulic control system, and the clamping cylinder plunger acts on the clamping block to realize the clamping of the drill The action of the pole.
  • the multi-functional drilling test bench described in the above scheme simulates the drilling experiment between 0 and 90°.
  • grooves and shear bars are designed.
  • the multi-functional drilling test bench described in the above scheme is provided with a gantry turning pin at the yoke lug and supporting with the pitching hydraulic cylinder support.
  • the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: (1) using a telescopic hydraulic cylinder to change the angle between the gantry and the ground, realizing a multi-angle drilling simulation experiment, solving the singularity of the general experimental rig, and making the multifunctional drilling experimental bench It can highly restore various working conditions in the field; (2) Various downhole tools and process experiments have their own special requirements.
  • the multi-functional experimental bench can simulate all technical requirements and can well solve the concealment of the drilling process. Sexuality and complexity bring great risks to field experiments. At the same time, it can verify the simulation of new processes, new technologies and new equipment, and greatly reduce the risk of on-site experiments.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a side elevational view of Figure 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the gantry column and beam.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the drill pipe holding device.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of the three dimensional structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a 60° drilling simulation of a multi-functional drilling test bench.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of horizontal drilling simulation of a multi-functional drilling experimental bench.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gantry binaural.
  • Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the gantry lug structure.
  • FIG. 1 Door frame rib plate, 2. Door frame column, 3. Column column ear, 4. Pin a, 5. Pitch hydraulic cylinder plunger, 6. Pitch hydraulic cylinder block, 7. Pull hydraulic cylinder block 8. Power faucet, 9. Trunnion seat, 10. Beam, 11. Pulling hydraulic cylinder plunger, 12. Pin b, 13. Pulling hydraulic cylinder lug, 14. Pulling pressure sensor, 15. Gantry support Ear, 16. gantry ears, 17. pin, 18. slewing pin, 19 platform pedestal, 20. limit table, 21. drill pipe clamping device, 22. guide post mount, 23. guide post , 24. Clamp the hydraulic cylinder block, 25. Clamp the hydraulic cylinder plunger, 26 clamp the mounting seat, 27 clamping block, 28. Pad, 29. Gland, 30. Pillar rib plate, 31. Beam Guide seat, 32. beam lug, 33. track slider.
  • the multifunctional drilling experimental bench is composed of a door frame, a hydraulic cylinder, a power faucet and a platform base
  • the gantry comprises a door frame rib 1, a gantry column 2, a column shank 3, a beam 10, and a pull.
  • the rib plate 1 fixes the two gantry columns 2 by bolting, and the column ears 3 are fixed to the gantry column 2 by welding, and the column mounting seat 22, the guiding column 23 and the guiding column rib 30 are mounted on the column.
  • the beam guiding seat 31 is fixed to both ends of the beam 10 by screws, and then moved up and down by the cooperation of the beam guiding seat 31 and the guiding column 23.
  • the hydraulic cylinder of the multifunctional drilling test bench is divided into a pitch hydraulic cylinder and a tension hydraulic cylinder, and the pitch hydraulic cylinder is composed of a pitch hydraulic cylinder plunger 5 and a pitch hydraulic cylinder 6 , and the tension hydraulic cylinder is pulled by
  • the hydraulic cylinder block 7 and the hydraulic cylinder plunger 11 are assembled.
  • the pitch hydraulic cylinder plunger 5 is connected with the column arm 3 through the pin a4, and the pitch of the pitch cylinder is changed by the hydraulic control system to realize the rotation of the door frame, and the hydraulic cylinder is pulled and pressed.
  • the cylinder block 7 is fixed to both ends of the beam 10 through the trunnion seat 9, and the tension cylinder 15 is mounted and pulled on the cylinder 13 by the pin b12, and the length of the hydraulic cylinder is changed by the hydraulic control system to realize the beam.
  • 10 moves along the guide post 23, the middle of the beam 10 is a power faucet 8, and the power faucet is composed of a hydraulic motor and a reduction gear.
  • the platform base comprises a gantry lug 15, a platform base 19, a drill rod clamping device 21 and a track slider 33, and the gantry lug 15 is mounted on the platform base 19 by bolting, the drill rod clamping device 21 is installed under the wellbore hole of the platform base 19 to facilitate clamping of the experimental drill pipe.
  • the track base 33 is mounted on both sides of the platform base 19 to facilitate cooperation with the ground track to realize the mobile multifunctional drilling experimental bench, the double frame
  • the ear 16 is connected to the gantry lug 15 through the pin shaft 17, and the gantry changes the angle with the ground under the action of the pitch hydraulic cylinder to realize the multi-angle drilling experiment simulation, and the slewing is performed because the vertical drilling experiment is mostly simulated.
  • the pin 18 is used to reinforce the gantry binaural 16 and the gantry lug 15 connection to increase the reliability of the experimental gantry.
  • the drill pipe clamping device 21 of the multifunctional drilling test bench is installed at a wellhead position on the bottom surface of the platform base 19 by screwing.
  • the drill pipe clamping device 21 is a clamping hydraulic cylinder block 24 and a clamping hydraulic cylinder.
  • the plunger 25, the clamping mount 26, the clamping block 27, the spacer 28, and the gland 29 are formed.
  • the hydraulic pressure is changed by the hydraulic control system, and the clamping hydraulic cylinder plunger 25 acts on the clamping block 27 to clamp the drill pipe. Actions.
  • the multi-functional drilling test bench in order to realize the pulling and pressure functions required for simulating drilling, is to fix two telescopic tension and pressure hydraulic cylinders on the drilling machine, and put the tensile pressure sensor 14 into the experimental bench to simulate drilling. Feedback of the applied tension and pressure; in order to achieve multi-functional simulation of vertical, inclined and horizontal wells, it is necessary to rotate the rig between 0 and 90°, and rely on the expansion and contraction of the pitching hydraulic cylinder to support the gantry to rotate around the pin 17 To achieve different angles of drilling.

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  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

公开了一种多功能钻井实验台架，包括门架、液压缸、动力水龙头（8）、平台底座。门架主要用于钻进过程对钻柱的控制，为了模拟直井、斜井、水平井，需要使钻机在0~90°之间旋转，门架旋转靠液压缸伸缩来实现，动力水龙头（8）在液压缸的配合下实现钻井钻柱的钻进、旋转和流体循环，平台底座用来安放门架、液压缸和承受钻井实验的拉、压、扭载荷，还能在轨道上移动以实现不同类型的实验。该多功能钻井实验台架利用门架和液压缸来实现钻机在不同角度的负载模拟实验，能快速获得现场实验无法取得或在短时期内不可能取得的中间实验数据，有效地加快新产品、新工艺投入现场生产井使用。

Description

多功能钻井实验台架 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于石油钻井模拟实验领域中的多功能钻井实验台架。
背景技术
随着国内外对石油能源需求的增加，国内各油田公司不但重视国内石油资源的勘探和开采，而且积极参与国外市场的竞争，先进可靠的钻井工具是石油勘探和开发可靠保证。随着钻井技术的迅猛发展，大量钻井新工艺、新技术、新工具的出现，使得钻井工具的实验技术和手段必须与之相适应。小规模室内实验装置在许多方面已经满足不了当前钻井技术发展的需要。为克服和避免钻井过程的隐蔽性、复杂性给现场实验带来的风险，探索提高钻井的质量与速度、控制钻井成本、预防与解决钻井复杂和事故，国内外许多石油公司和研究院所都相继建立了钻井、采油、井控等实验井，使钻井等技术成果更具科学性和可靠性。目前，制约国内钻井科技人员创新开发钻井新工艺、新技术、新工具的技术瓶颈，是国内缺乏系统、完整的验证这些钻井新工艺、新技术、新工具性能、技术参数的中间实验系统平台，多功能钻井实验平台是进行多种井下工具及工艺技术研究必不可少的实验手段，因此，急需发展一种科学和产业化的多功能钻井实验平台。
现场实验井只能提供单一的作业工况，而各种井下复杂和事故不易出现，且井下复杂和事故又是钻井工作者不愿看到的结果，更不能为了实验而随意改变生产作业工况，在现场实验中增加生产作业的风险；用计算机硬件科学技术和相关的工程模拟软件研究成果使采用模拟实验井成为高效、可靠和便捷的新工具新工艺设计和检验手段，但从长远的技术及经济利益考虑，不宜用现场生产井实验代替模拟实验井实验。总之，只有模拟实验才能获得现场实验无法取得的或在短时期内不可能取得的中间实验数据；也只有模拟实验才能大大缩短实验周期，有效地克服未经任何中间实验就盲目地把新产品、新工艺投入现场生产井使用的弊端。从而可以避免一些不必要的无功作业和经济损失，使科研成果更具有科学性、可靠性、实用性和经济性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种靠液压改变门架角度实现水平井、斜井和竖直井模拟实验的多功能钻井实验台架，能为各种钻井工具、工艺实验提供起升、加压、旋转等动力，还能实现钻井液循环，同时还能与不同角度井筒对应，具有很好的可靠性、工作性能、安全性和稳定性，本发明的多功能钻井实验台架利用门架和液压缸来实现钻机在不同角度的负载模拟实验， 能获得现场实验无法取得或在短时期内不可能取得的中间实验数据，能有效地加快新产品、新工艺投入现场生产井使用。
本发明的技术方案是：多功能钻井实验台架是由门架、液压缸、动力水龙头、平台底座组成，所述的门架包括门架筋板、门架立柱、立柱支耳、横梁、拉压液压缸支耳、拉压力传感器、门架双耳、限位台、导柱安装座、导柱、导柱筋板、横梁导向座、横梁支耳，门架筋板通过螺栓连接将两个门架立柱固定，立柱支耳通过焊接固定在门架立柱上，将导柱安装座、导柱和导柱筋板安装在立柱的U型钢槽内，横梁导向座通过螺钉固定与横梁的两端，再通过横梁导向座和导柱的配合来实现上下移动；多功能钻井实验台架的液压缸分为俯仰液压缸和拉压液压缸，俯仰液压缸是由俯仰液压缸柱塞和俯仰液压缸缸体组成，拉压液压缸是由拉压液压缸缸体和拉压液压缸柱塞组成，俯仰液压缸柱塞通过销钉与立柱支耳连接，通过液压控制系统改变俯仰液压缸长度实现门架转动，拉压液压缸缸体通过耳轴座固定在横梁的两端，拉压液压缸柱塞通过销钉b安装与拉压液压缸支耳上，通过液压控制系统改变拉压液压缸的长度实现横梁沿导柱移动；横梁中间为动力水龙头，动力水龙头由液压马达和减速齿轮组成；所述的平台底座包括门架支耳、平台基座、钻杆夹持装置和轨道滑块，门架支耳通过螺栓连接安装在平台基座上，钻杆夹持装置安装在平台基座的井眼孔的下面便于夹住实验钻杆，平台基座的两边安有轨道滑块便于与地面轨道配合来实现移动多功能钻井实验台架，门架双耳通过销轴来实现与门架支耳连接，门架在俯仰液压缸的作用下改变与地面的夹角来实现多角度钻井实验模拟，由于多为竖直钻井实验模拟所以用回转销轴来加强门架双耳和门架支耳连接增加实验台架的可靠性。
上述方案中的多功能钻井实验台架，为了实现钻具的旋转动作，采用连续回转的低速大扭矩液压马达来实现，将动力水龙头设计在实验钻机横梁中心位置，在液压马达与钻具之间需要采用齿轮实现力和转速的传递。
上述方案中的多功能钻井实验台架，为了实现模拟钻井钻进所需的钻压和提升所需的拉力的功能，采用在钻机上固定两个伸缩拉压液压缸控制动力水龙头的位移，并将拉压力传感器安放在拉压液压缸柱塞的下端，作用为实验台架模拟钻井时反馈所施加的拉力和压力。
上述方案中的多功能钻井实验台架，为了实现对直井、斜井、水平井的多功能模拟实验，需要使钻机在0～90°之间旋转，依靠俯仰液压缸的伸缩来支撑门架绕销轴旋转来实现不同角度钻井模拟。
上述方案中多功能钻井实验台架所述的钻杆夹持装置，通过螺纹连接安装在平台基座底面的井口位置，钻杆夹持装置是由夹持液压缸缸体、夹持液压缸柱塞、夹持安装座、夹持块、垫块、压盖组成，通过液压控制系统改变液压，夹持液压缸柱塞作用于夹持块来实现夹住钻 杆的动作。
上述方案中所述的多功能钻井实验台架在0～90°之间模拟钻井实验，为了增加门架支耳螺钉承受剪力的能力，设计了凹槽和剪力条。
上述方案中所述的多功能钻井实验台架，为了增加工作时候的稳定性，门架支耳处加装了门架回转销轴，并与俯仰液压缸支撑配合。
本发明的有益效果是：(1)利用伸缩液压缸来改变门架与地面的夹角，实现多角度钻井模拟实验，解决了一般实验台架的工作单一性，使该多功能钻井实验台架能够高度还原现场的多种工况；(2)各种井下工具及工艺实验都有其各自特殊的要求，该多功能实验台架能模拟符合所有的技术要求，能很好解决钻井过程的隐蔽性、复杂性给现场实验带来巨大的风险，同时能为新工艺、新技术、新装备的模拟实验验证，更大大降低现场实验的风险；(3)用多功能钻井实验台架模拟实验能快速获得现场实验无法取得的或在短时期内不可能取得的中间实验数据；(4)能大大缩短实验周期，有效地克服未经任何中间实验就盲目地把新产品、新工艺投入现场生产井使用的弊端；(5)可以避免一些不必要的无功作业和经济损失，使科研成果更具有科学性、可靠性、实用性和经济性。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2是本发明图1中的侧面图。
图3是门架立柱和横梁结构示意图。
图4是钻杆夹持装置结构示意图。
图5是本发明的三维结构示意图。
图6是多功能钻井实验台架60°钻井模拟示意图。
图7是多功能钻井实验台架水平钻井模拟示意图。
图8门架双耳结构示意图。
图9门架支耳结构示意图。
图中1.门架筋板，2.门架立柱，3.立柱支耳，4.销钉a，5.俯仰液压缸柱塞，6.俯仰液压缸缸体，7.拉压液压缸缸体，8.动力水龙头，9.耳轴座，10.横梁，11.拉压液压缸柱塞，12.销钉b，13.拉压液压缸支耳，14.拉压力传感器，15.门架支耳，16.门架双耳，17.销轴，18.回转销轴，19平台基座，20.限位台，21.钻杆夹持装置，22.导柱安装座，23.导柱，24.夹持液压缸缸体，25.夹持液压缸柱塞，26夹持安装座，27夹持块，28.垫块，29.压盖，30.导柱筋板，31.横梁导向座，32.横梁支耳，33.轨道滑块。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明：
参见附图，多功能钻井实验台架由门架、液压缸、动力水龙头、平台底座组成，所述的门架包括门架筋板1、门架立柱2、立柱支耳3、横梁10、拉压液压缸支耳13、拉压力传感器14、门架双耳16、限位台20、导柱安装座22、导柱23、导柱筋板30、横梁导向座31、横梁支耳32，门架筋板1通过螺栓连接将两个门架立柱2固定，立柱支耳3通过焊接固定在门架立柱2上，将导柱安装座22、导柱23和导柱筋板30安装在立柱的U型钢槽内，横梁导向座31通过螺钉固定与横梁10的两端，再通过横梁导向座31和导柱23的配合来实现上下移动。
所述的多功能钻井实验台架的液压缸分为俯仰液压缸和拉压液压缸，俯仰液压缸是由俯仰液压缸柱塞5和俯仰液压缸缸体6组成，拉压液压缸是由拉压液压缸缸体7和拉压液压缸柱塞11组成，俯仰液压缸柱塞5通过销钉a4与立柱支耳3连接，通过液压控制系统改变俯仰液压缸长度实现门架转动，拉压液压缸缸体7通过耳轴座9固定在横梁10的两端，拉压液压缸柱塞11通过销钉b12安装与拉压液压缸支耳13上，通过液压控制系统改变拉压液压缸的长度实现横梁10沿导柱23移动，横梁10中间为动力水龙头8，动力水龙头由液压马达和减速齿轮组成。
所述的平台底座包括门架支耳15、平台基座19、钻杆夹持装置21和轨道滑块33，门架支耳15通过螺栓连接安装在平台基座19上，钻杆夹持装置21安装在平台基座19的井眼孔的下面便于夹住实验钻杆，平台基座19的两边安有轨道滑块33便于与地面轨道配合来实现移动多功能钻井实验台架，门架双耳16通过销轴17来实现与门架支耳15连接，门架在俯仰液压缸的作用下改变与地面的夹角来实现多角度钻井实验模拟，由于多为竖直钻井实验模拟所以用回转销轴18来加强门架双耳16和门架支耳15连接增加实验台架的可靠性。
所述多功能钻井实验台架的钻杆夹持装置21，通过螺纹连接安装在平台基座19底面的井口位置，钻杆夹持装置21是由夹持液压缸缸体24、夹持液压缸柱塞25、夹持安装座26、夹持块27、垫块28、压盖29组成，通过液压控制系统改变液压，夹持液压缸柱塞25作用于夹持块27来实现夹住钻杆的动作。
所述的多功能钻井实验台架，为实现模拟钻井所需的拉、压力的功能，采用在钻机上固定两个伸缩拉压液压缸，并安放拉压力传感器14作用为实验台架模拟钻井时反馈所施加的拉力和压力；为实现对直井、斜井、水平井的多功能模拟，需要使钻机在0～90°之间旋转，依靠俯仰液压缸的伸缩来支撑门架绕销轴17旋转来实现不同角度钻井。

Claims (7)

  1. 多功能钻井实验台架其特征在于：所述的钻井实验台架由门架、液压缸、动力水龙头、平台底座组成，所述的门架包括门架筋板(1)、门架立柱(2)、立柱支耳(3)、横梁(10)、拉压液压缸支耳(13)、拉压力传感器(14)、门架双耳(16)、限位台(20)、导柱安装座(22)、导柱(23)、导柱筋板(30)、横梁导向座(31)、横梁支耳(32)，门架筋板(1)通过螺栓连接将两个门架立柱(2)固定，立柱支耳(3)通过焊接固定在门架立柱(2)上，将导柱安装座(22)、导柱(23)和导柱筋板(30)安装在立柱的U型钢槽内，横梁导向座(31)通过螺钉固定于横梁(10)的两端，再通过横梁导向座(31)和导柱(23)的配合来实现上下移动；多功能钻井实验台架的液压缸分为俯仰液压缸和拉压液压缸，俯仰液压缸是由俯仰液压缸柱塞(5)和俯仰液压缸缸体(6)组成，拉压液压缸是由拉压液压缸缸体(7)和拉压液压缸柱塞(11)组成，俯仰液压缸柱塞(5)通过销钉a(4)与立柱支耳(3)连接，通过液压控制系统改变俯仰液压缸长度实现门架转动，拉压液压缸缸体(7)通过耳轴座(9)固定在横梁(10)的两端，拉压液压缸柱塞(11)通过销钉b(12)安装于拉压液压缸支耳(13)上，通过液压控制系统改变拉压液压缸的长度实现横梁(10)沿导柱(23)移动；横梁(10)中间为动力水龙头(8)，动力水龙头由液压马达和减速齿轮组成；所述的平台底座包括门架支耳(15)、平台基座(19)、钻杆夹持装置(21)和轨道滑块(33)，门架支耳(15)通过螺栓连接安装在平台基座(19)上，钻杆夹持装置(21)安装在平台基座(19)的井眼孔的下面便于夹住实验钻杆，平台基座(19)的两边安有轨道滑块(33)便于与地面轨道配合来实现移动多功能钻井实验台架，门架双耳(16)通过销轴(17)来实现和门架支耳(15)连接，门架在俯仰液压缸的作用下改变与地面的夹角来实现多角度钻井实验模拟，由于多为竖直钻井实验模拟所以用回转销轴(18)来加强门架双耳(16)和门架支耳(15)连接增加实验台架的可靠性。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能钻井实验台架，其特征是：为实现钻具的旋转，采用连续回转的低速大扭矩液压马达，并将动力水龙头(8)设计在实验钻机横梁(10)中心位置，在液压马达与钻具之间需采用齿轮实现钻速和力的传递。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能钻井实验台架，其特征是：为模拟钻井钻进所需钻压和提升所需拉力的功能，采用在钻机上固定两个伸缩拉压液压缸来控制动力水龙头(8)位移，拉压力传感器(14)安放在拉压液压缸柱塞(11)的下端，作用为实验台架模拟钻井时反馈所施加的拉力和压力。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能钻井实验台架，其特征是：为了实现对直井、斜井、水平井的多功能模拟，需要使钻机在0～90°之间旋转，依靠俯仰液压缸的伸缩来支撑门架绕销轴(17)旋转来实现不同角度钻井。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能钻井实验台架，其特征是：所述的钻杆夹持装置(21)通过螺纹连接安装在平台基座(19)底面的井口位置，钻杆夹持装置(21)由夹持液压缸缸体(24)、夹持液压缸柱塞(25)、夹持安装座(26)、夹持块(27)、垫块(28)、压盖(29)组成，通过液压控制系统改变液压，夹持液压缸柱塞(25)作用于夹持块(27)来实现夹住钻杆的动作。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的多功能钻井实验台架，其特征是，在0～90°之间模拟钻井实验，为了增加门架支耳(15)螺钉承受剪力的能力，设计了凹槽和剪力条。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的多功能钻井实验台架，其特征是：为了增加工作时候的稳定性，门架支耳(15)处加装了门架回转销轴(18)，并与俯仰液压缸支撑配合。
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