WO2018120281A1 - 一种断路安全锁以及双电源切换开关 - Google Patents

一种断路安全锁以及双电源切换开关 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018120281A1
WO2018120281A1 PCT/CN2017/070348 CN2017070348W WO2018120281A1 WO 2018120281 A1 WO2018120281 A1 WO 2018120281A1 CN 2017070348 W CN2017070348 W CN 2017070348W WO 2018120281 A1 WO2018120281 A1 WO 2018120281A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lock
lock shaft
shaft
sliding member
slider
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/070348
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杜文福
Original Assignee
杜文福
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Application filed by 杜文福 filed Critical 杜文福
Publication of WO2018120281A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018120281A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1009—Interconnected mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/20—Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electromagnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/20—Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms
    • H01H9/26—Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms for interlocking two or more switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/018—Application transfer; between utility and emergency power supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H01H50/32—Latching movable parts mechanically
    • H01H50/326—Latching movable parts mechanically with manual intervention, e.g. for testing, resetting or mode selection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of power circuit devices, and in particular, to an open circuit safety lock and a dual power switch.
  • the dual power switch is generally used to ensure continuous uninterrupted power supply.
  • the function of the dual power switch is mainly used for switching between the main and standby power supplies.
  • the main circuit on the load side is generally connected to the main power supply side.
  • the dual power supply switch can automatically load the load side.
  • the main circuit is connected to the standby power supply to achieve the purpose of uninterrupted power supply on the load side.
  • the current dual power switch is generally switched directly using the A/B bit electrode, that is, it has only two states. If it is necessary to repair the circuit or install the circuit device, it is difficult to ensure that the circuit is completely cut off.
  • the conventional dual-power linear motion switch uses the elastic force of the energy storage spring to return the moving electrode to the intermediate breaking position. As shown in FIG. 1, the moving electrode 71 is released from the position in contact with the fixed electrode 75, and is in the right energy storage spring. The reciprocating motion of the 73 and the left energy storage spring 72, due to the inertia of the moving electrode 71, requires multiple reciprocations to stop at the intermediate disconnection position, and the time is long and the reliability of the disconnection is low.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a safety lock that has a short circuit breaking time and can ensure that the circuit is completely disconnected.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is also to provide a dual power supply switching switch having a fast breaking function.
  • the invention provides a circuit breaker safety lock, comprising: a sliding member and a first locking block fixedly connected with the sliding member; a peripheral member disposed at the periphery of the sliding member and capable of linearly lifting and displaceing relative to the sliding member a first lock shaft, the first lock shaft being slidably engaged with the first lock block; abutting against the first lock shaft facing away from an end of the first lock block, for making the first a first pressure spring of the lock shaft moving in a direction toward the slider; and a first lifting mechanism disposed on a periphery of the slider for moving the first lock shaft in a direction away from the slider.
  • the first lifting mechanism includes a first electromagnet, a first axial core, and a first axial core spring sleeved on the first axial core, the first axial core and the A portion of the first lock shaft contacting is provided with a first lifting slope, and the first lock shaft is provided with a first bearing portion matched with the first lifting slope.
  • the first lock block is provided with a first slot for receiving the end of the first lock shaft, and the two sides are a first slip surface for guiding.
  • the first sliding surface is a circular arc surface or a sloped surface.
  • one end of the first lock shaft contacting the first lock block is provided with a first lock shaft head, and the first lock shaft head is provided with a contact fillet.
  • the circuit breaker safety lock further includes a manual control rod, and one end of the manual control rod contacting the first lock shaft is provided with a spiral inclined surface, and the first lock shaft is provided with A lateral groove matching the spiral bevel.
  • the present invention also provides a dual power supply switch including a housing, an A-position electrode, a B-position electrode, a moving electrode, an AB-position lock, and a trip safety lock as described above, the moving electrode and the sliding member being fixed And moving along the slider between the A-position electrode and the B-position electrode.
  • one side of the A-position electrode is provided with an A-position electromagnet and an A-position axial core
  • one side of the B-position electrode is provided with a B-position electromagnet and a B-position axial core, and the A-position Both the shaft core and the B-position core are attached to the slider.
  • one side of the A-position electrode is provided with an A-position energy storage spring fixed to the housing, and one side of the B-position electrode is provided with a B-position fixed to the housing. Energy storage spring.
  • the AB position lock includes a second lock block fixedly coupled to the sliding member; a second portion disposed on the periphery of the sliding member and capable of linearly moving up and down with respect to the sliding member a lock shaft, wherein the second lock shaft is fastened to the two sides of the second lock block; and the second lock shaft is opposite to an end of the second lock block for a second pressure spring of the two lock shafts moving in the direction of the slider; and a second lifting mechanism disposed on the periphery of the slider for moving the second lock shaft in a direction away from the slider.
  • the second lifting mechanism includes a second electromagnet, a second axial core, and a second axial core spring sleeved on the second axial core, the second axial core and the A portion of the second lock shaft contacting is provided with a second lifting slope, and the second lock shaft is provided with a second bearing portion matched with the second lifting slope.
  • a second slot for guiding the sliding of the second lock shaft is disposed in the middle of the second lock block, and the second inner side of the second slot is provided with a second slip surface.
  • the second slip surface is a circular arc surface or a sloped surface.
  • one end of the second lock shaft contacting the second lock block is provided with a second lock shaft head, and the second lock shaft head is provided with a contact fillet.
  • the circuit breaker safety lock of the invention can quickly lock the sliding member to which the moving electrode is fixed to the disconnection position, and ensure that the dual power supply switching switch is kept in a completely open state.
  • the dual power switch of the invention can flexibly and quickly switch between the A bit, the B bit and the disconnected middle position, and the contact is reliable and the work is stable.
  • FIG. 1 is a process diagram of returning a moving electrode of a double-switching switch to an intermediate disconnecting position in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the circuit breaker safety lock of the present invention
  • 3(a) to 3(c) are schematic diagrams showing the locking process of the open circuit safety lock of the present invention.
  • 4(a) to 4(c) are schematic diagrams showing an unlocking process of the circuit breaker safety lock of the present invention.
  • 5(a) to 5(c) are schematic diagrams showing the working process of the open circuit safety lock of the present invention in a manually closed state
  • FIG. 6 is a process diagram of the moving electrode of the double-switching switch returning to the intermediate breaking position under the joint action of the energy storage spring and the open-circuit safety lock;
  • Figure 7 is a process diagram of the double-switching switch returning to the intermediate disconnection position under the action of the energy storage spring and the electromagnet and the open circuit safety lock;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic overall structural view of a dual power switch of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9(a) is a schematic view showing the dual power supply switching switch of the present invention in an A-position electrode ON state
  • 9(b) is a schematic view showing the state in which the dual power supply switch of the present invention is in a neutral disconnection state
  • Fig. 9 (c) is a schematic view showing the state in which the dual power supply switching switch of the present invention is in the B-position electrode.
  • the circuit breaker 1 of the present invention includes a sliding member 11, a first locking block 12, a first locking shaft 13, a first pressure spring 14, a first lifting mechanism 15, and a manual control lever 16, and the sliding member 11 drives the movement.
  • the electrodes can reciprocate between the contacts of the two fixed electrodes.
  • the first lock block 12 is fixedly connected to the sliding member 11 , and a first slot 121 for receiving the end of the first lock shaft 13 is disposed therebetween, and the two sides are the first sliding surface of the first lock shaft 13 for sliding guiding. 122.
  • the first sliding surface 122 can lift the first locking shaft 13 and cause the first locking shaft 13 to move up and down.
  • the first slip surface 122 is preferably a circular arc surface or a sloped surface.
  • the first lock shaft 13 is disposed on the outer periphery of the sliding member 11 and is linearly movable up and down with respect to the sliding member 11 for locking and locking with the first locking block 12, and the end of the first locking block 12 is provided with a first end.
  • a lock shaft head 132, the first lock shaft head 132 is provided with contact fillets.
  • the first pressure spring 14 abuts against an end of the first lock shaft 13 facing away from the first lock block 12 for moving the first lock shaft 13 in the direction of the slider 11, in the process of ascending and descending the first lock shaft 13
  • the first pressure spring 14 is in a compressed state, so that the contact sliding between the first lock shaft 13 and the first lock block 12 can be ensured when the first lock shaft 13 passes over the first slip surface of the first lock block 12.
  • the first lock shaft head 132 is locked in the first slot 121 by the action of the first pressure spring 14.
  • the first lifting mechanism 15 is disposed at a periphery of the sliding member 11 for moving the first locking shaft 13 in a direction away from the sliding member 11, and includes a first electromagnet 151, a first axial core 152, and a first axial core.
  • the first bearing portion 131 refers to a groove on the side of the first lock shaft 13 and a semi-cylindrical projection provided in the groove in contact with the first lifting slope 152a.
  • the manual control lever 16 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the disconnection safety lock 1, and one end in contact with the first lock shaft 13 is provided with a spiral inclined surface 161, and the first lock shaft 13 is provided with a lateral groove matched with the spiral inclined surface 161. 133.
  • the manual control lever 16 rotates, the lateral groove 133 moves upward under the pushing of the spiral inclined surface 161, so that the first lock shaft 13 is away from the first lock block 12.
  • 3(a) to 3(c) show the locking process of the open circuit safety lock of the present invention.
  • the slider 11 drives the first lock block 12 to slide to the right, the first electromagnet 151 does not provide a leftward suction force to the first shaft core 152, and the first shaft core 152 is at the first core.
  • the spring 153 is in an extended state, and the first pressure spring 14 provides a downward elastic force to the first lock shaft 13, and the first bearing portion 131 is at the lowest or near lowest position of the first lifting slope 152a.
  • the slider 11 continues to move the first lock block 12 to the right, and the first lock shaft head 132 is in contact with the first slip surface 122, and is driven by the first slip surface 122.
  • a lock shaft 13 moves upward.
  • the slider 11 drives the first lock block 12 to move to the right. After the first lock shaft head 132 passes over the apex of the first slip surface 122, the elastic force of the first pressure spring 14 falls into the air. In the first notch 121, the first lock shaft 13 and the first lock block 12 complete the locking process, and the slider 11 is locked in the intermediate position.
  • the slider 11 and the first lock block 12 are both locked in the intermediate position, the first electromagnet 151 pulls the first shaft core 152 to move to the left, and the first lift ramp 152a pushes the first bearing.
  • the force portion 131 moves the first lock shaft 13 upward until the first lock shaft head 132 reaches a position higher than the first notch 121.
  • the first electromagnet 151 maintains the state in which the first shaft core 152 is sucked, the first lock shaft 13 is kept raised, and the slider 11 and the first lock block 12 are moved to the right to complete.
  • the first lock shaft head 132 is disengaged from the first notch 121.
  • the slider 11 and the first lock block 12 continue to move to the right.
  • the first electromagnet 151 releases the first shaft core 152.
  • the first axial core spring 153 Under the elastic force of the first axial core spring 153, the first axial core 152 moves to the right, and the first lock shaft 13 moves downward under the elastic force of the first pressure spring 14, thereby completing the unlocking process of the open circuit safety lock.
  • Figures 5(a) through 5(c) illustrate the operation of the open circuit safety lock of the present invention in a manually closed state.
  • the manual lever 16 provides an upward thrust to the side groove 133 of the first lock shaft 13 through its spiral slope 161, and the first lock shaft 132 remains at the first position.
  • the first lock block 12 and the first lock shaft 13 remain in a non-contact state, and the open circuit safety lock is in a closed state.
  • Fig. 6 is a process diagram of the moving electrode of the dual power supply switching switch returning to the intermediate disconnection position by the combination of the energy storage spring and the open circuit safety lock.
  • the dual power supply switch has an open circuit safety lock 1, and when the moving electrode 81 moves to the left through the intermediate disconnection position by the right energy storage spring 83, the moving electrode 81 is immediately locked by the disconnection safety lock 81.
  • the open circuit safety lock 1 can greatly shorten the breaking time and avoid the reciprocating swing of the moving electrode 81 before returning to the open position.
  • FIG. 7 is a process diagram of the double-switching switch returning to the intermediate disconnection position by the combination of the energy storage spring and the electromagnet and the open circuit safety lock.
  • the dual power supply switch has a trip safety lock 1, and the right energy storage spring 93 and the electromagnet 94 collectively apply a force to move the left side of the mobile electric chair 91.
  • the movement The speed at which the contact of the electrode 91 is broken and the position of the intermediate disconnection is remarkably accelerated.
  • the disconnection safety lock 1 can still immediately lock the moving electrode 91.
  • the dual power supply switching switch of the present invention comprises a housing 3, an A-position electrode 4, a B-position electrode 5, a moving electrode 6, an AB-position lock 2, and a disconnection safety lock 1 as described above, a moving electrode 6 and a sliding
  • the member 11 is fixed and follows the slider 11 to move between the A-position electrode 4 and the B-position electrode 5.
  • the A-position electrode 4 is provided with an A-position electromagnet 41, an A-position axial core 42 and an A-position energy storage spring 43, and a B-position electromagnet 51, a B-position axial core 52, and a B-position storage are provided on the B-position electrode 5 side.
  • the spring 53 and the A-axis core 42 and the B-position core 52 are both fixed to the slider 11.
  • Both the A-position energy storage spring 43 and the B-position energy storage spring 53 are fixed to the housing 3, and the other end is used to provide the reciprocating power to the slider 11.
  • the A-position electromagnet 41 and the B-position energy storage spring 53 simultaneously drive the slider 11 to move toward the A-position electrode 4, and the B-position electromagnet 51 and the A-position energy storage spring 43 simultaneously drive the slider 11 to the B position.
  • the electrode 5 moves.
  • the method of using the energy storage spring and the electromagnet to provide the moving power of the sliding member 11 can accelerate the breaking speed of the moving electrode 6, reduce the damage of the arc to the contact, and use the powerful power of the electromagnet to assist the moving sliding member 11, also It can avoid the occurrence of power short circuit or runaway of the electrode contacts that have been melted and combined.
  • the AB bit lock is used to lock the moving electrode 6 to the A-position electrode 4 or the B-position electrode 5, which includes the second lock block 22, the second lock shaft 23, the second pressure spring 24, and the Second lifting mechanism 25.
  • the second lock block 22 is fixedly connected to the sliding member 11 with a second slot 221 for guiding the sliding of the second lock shaft 23, and the second inner side of the second slot 221 is provided with a second slip. Face 222.
  • the second slip surface 222 is a circular arc surface or a sloped surface.
  • the second lock shaft 23 is disposed on the outer periphery of the sliding member 11 and can be linearly moved up and down with respect to the sliding member 11 for locking and locking with the two sides of the second locking block 22, and the end of the second locking block 22 is in contact with the second locking block 22.
  • a second lock shaft head 232 is provided, and the second lock shaft head 232 is provided with contact fillets.
  • the second pressure spring 44 abuts against the end of the second lock shaft 23 facing away from the second lock block 22 for moving the second lock shaft 23 in the direction of the slider 11 during the process of ascending and descending the second lock shaft 23
  • the second pressure spring 44 is in a compressed state, so that the contact sliding between the second lock shaft 23 and the second lock block 12 can be ensured when the second lock shaft 23 passes over the second slip surface of the second lock block 22.
  • the second lock shaft head 232 slides out of the first notch 121 by the action of the second pressure spring 24, and is locked on both sides of the second slider 22.
  • the second lifting mechanism 25 is disposed on the outer periphery of the sliding member 11 for moving the second locking shaft 23 in the direction away from the sliding member 11, and includes a second electromagnet 251, a second axial core 252, and a second axial core.
  • a second core spring 253 on the second core 252 is provided with a second lifting slope 252a at a portion where the second shaft core 252 is in contact with the second lock shaft 23, and the second lock shaft 23 is provided with a second matching surface of the second lifting slope 252a.
  • 9(a) to 9(c) are schematic views of three states of the dual power supply switch of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 (a) is a schematic view showing the dual-power switch of the present invention in an A-position electrode-on state, in which the moving electrode 6 is connected to the A-position electrode 4, and the AB-position lock 2 locks the slider 11, A
  • the energy storage spring is in a state of compressed energy storage.
  • Figure 9 (b) is a schematic view of the dual power supply switching switch of the present invention in a neutral open state, in which the moving electrode 6 is in the middle of the open circuit, the AB position lock 2 is not locked to the sliding block 11, and the open circuit safety lock is 1 Lock the slider 11.
  • FIG. 9(c) is a schematic view showing the state in which the dual power supply switching switch of the present invention is in the B-position electrode ON state, in which the moving electrode 6 is connected to the B-position electrode 5, and the AB-position lock 2 locks the sliding block 11, B
  • the energy storage spring is in a state of compressed energy storage.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)

Abstract

一种断路安全锁以及双电源开关。该断路安全锁包括滑动件（11）、第一锁块（12）、第一锁轴（13）、第一压力弹簧（14）以及第一提升机构（15），第一锁块（12）与滑动件（11）固连，第一锁轴（13）可与第一锁块（12）扣合上锁，第一压力弹簧（14）用于使第一锁轴（13）沿朝向滑动件（11）的方向运动，第一提升机构（15）用于使第一锁轴（13）沿背离滑动件（11）的方向运动。上述断路安全锁能够将固连有移动电极的滑动件快速锁止在断路位置，保证双电源切换开关保持在完全断路的状态。

Description

一种断路安全锁以及双电源切换开关
技术领域
本发明涉及电源回路装置技术领域，尤其涉及一种断路安全锁以及双电源切换开关。
背景技术
随着城市用电的急剧增加，对用电可靠性也提出了更高的要求，特别是在电梯、消防、医院、地铁、通讯等不能停电的重要场合，电源持续供电的可靠性显得尤为重要。对于上述重要的场合，一般都是采用双电源切换开关来保证持续不间断供电。双电源切换开关的作用主要是用于主备电源间的切换，通常情况下,负荷侧主回路一般与主电源侧相连接,当主电源侧因故障而停电,双电源切换开关能够自动将负荷侧主回路同备用电源测相连,以达到负荷侧不间断供电的目的.
但目前的双电源切换开关一般都是采用A/B位电极的直接切换,也就是只具有两状态,若需要对电路进行维修或者安装电路设备时,很难保证电路保持在完全切断的状态。而且传统的双电源直线运动开关都是利用储能弹簧的弹力使移动电极回复中间断路位置，如图1所示，移动电极71从与固定电极75接触的位置被释放后，在右储能弹簧73和左储能弹簧72的作用下往复运动，由于移动电极71自身惯性的作用，需要往复多次才能够停止在中间断路位置，时间长且断路可靠性低。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题，在于提供一种断路时间短且能够保证电路完全断路的安全锁。
本发明所要解决的技术问题，还在于要提供一种具有快速断路功能的双电源切换开关。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
本发明提供了一种断路安全锁，其包括：滑动件以及与所述滑动件固连的第一锁块；设于所述滑动件外围、且可相对于所述滑动件作直线升降位移的第一锁轴，所述第一锁轴可与所述第一锁块扣合上锁；抵靠于所述第一锁轴背离所述第一锁块的一端、用于使所述第一锁轴沿朝向所述滑动件方向运动的第一压力弹簧；以及设于所述滑动件外围、用于使所述第一锁轴沿背离所述滑动件方向运动的第一提升机构。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述第一提升机构包括第一电磁铁、第一轴芯以及套设于所述第一轴芯上的第一轴芯弹簧，所述第一轴芯与所述第一锁轴接触的部位设有第一提升斜面，所述第一锁轴设有与所述第一提升斜面相配套的第一承力部。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述第一锁块中间设有用于容纳所述第一锁轴端部的第一槽口，两侧面为起导向作用的第一滑移面。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述第一滑移面为圆弧面或斜面。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述第一锁轴与所述第一锁块接触的一端设有第一锁轴头，所述第一锁轴头设有接触圆角。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述断路安全锁还包括一手动控制杆，所述手动控制杆与所述第一锁轴接触的一端设有螺旋斜面，所述第一锁轴设有与所述螺旋斜面相配套的侧向凹槽。
本发明还提供了一种双电源切换开关，其包括壳体、A位电极、B位电极、移动电极、AB位锁以及如上所述的断路安全锁，所述移动电极与所述滑动件固连并跟随所述滑动件在A位电极和B位电极之间移动。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述A位电极一侧设有A位电磁铁和A位轴芯，所述B位电极一侧设有B位电磁铁和B位轴芯，所述A位轴芯和B位轴芯都与所述滑动件固连。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述A位电极一侧设有与所述壳体固连的A位储能弹簧，所述B位电极一侧设有与所述壳体固连的B位储能弹簧。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述AB位锁包括与所述滑动件固连的第二锁块；设于所述滑动件外围、且可相对于所述滑动件作直线升降位移的第二锁轴，所述第二锁轴可与所述第二锁块的两侧扣合上锁；抵靠于所述第二锁轴背离所述第二锁块的一端、用于使所述第二锁轴沿朝向所述滑动件方向运动的第二压力弹簧；以及设于所述滑动件外围、用于使所述第二锁轴沿背离所述滑动件方向运动的第二提升机构。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述第二提升机构包括第二电磁铁、第二轴芯以及套设于所述第二轴芯上的第二轴芯弹簧，所述第二轴芯与所述第二锁轴接触的部位设有第二提升斜面，所述第二锁轴设有与所述第二提升斜面相配套的第二承力部。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述第二锁块中间设有用于导引所述第二锁轴滑动的第二槽口，所述第二槽口的两内侧边设有第二滑移面。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述第二滑移面为圆弧面或斜面。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述第二锁轴与所述第二锁块接触的一端设有第二锁轴头，所述第二锁轴头设有接触圆角。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明断路安全锁能够将固连有移动电极的滑动件快速锁止在断路位置，保证双电源切换开关保持在完全断路的状态。
本发明双电源切换开关可以在灵活地、快速地在A位、B位以及断路中位间切换，接触可靠且工作稳定。
附图说明
图1是现有技术中双切换开关的移动电极回复到中间断路位置的过程图；
图2是本发明断路安全锁的整体结构示意图；
图3（a）至图3（c）是本发明断路安全锁的上锁过程示意图；
图4（a）至图4（c）是本发明断路安全锁的解锁过程示意图；
图5（a）至图5（c）是本发明断路安全锁处于手动关闭状态的工作过程示意图；
图6是双切换开关的移动电极在储能弹簧和断路安全锁的共同作用下回复中间断路位置的过程图；
图7是双切换开关在储能弹簧和电磁铁以及断路安全锁共同作用下回复中间断路位置的过程图；
图8是本发明双电源切换开关的整体结构示意图；
图9（a）是本发明双电源切换开关处于A位电极接通状态的示意图；
图9（b）是本发明双电源切换开关处于中位断路状态的示意图；
图9（c）是本发明双电源切换开关处于B位电极接通状态的示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例和附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果进行清楚、完整地描述，以充分地理解本发明的目的、特征和效果。显然，所描述的实施例只是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例，基于本发明的实施例，本领域的技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的其他实施例，均属于本发明保护的范围。另外，专利中涉及到的所有联接/连接关系，并非单指构件直接相接，而是指可根据具体实施情况，通过添加或减少联接辅件，来组成更优的联接结构。本发明中的各个技术特征，在不互相矛盾冲突的前提下可以交互组合。
请参照图2，本发明断路安全锁1包括滑动件11、第一锁块12、第一锁轴13、第一压力弹簧14、第一提升机构15以及手动控制杆16，滑动件11带动移动电极可在两个固定电极的触点之间往复移动。
第一锁块12与滑动件11固连，其中间设有用于容纳第一锁轴13端部的第一槽口121，两侧面为第一锁轴13滑动起导向作用的第一滑移面122，第一提升机构15带动第一锁轴13横向移动时，第一滑移面122能够将第一锁轴13托起并使第一锁轴13作升降运动。本实施例中，第一滑移面122优选为圆弧面或斜面。
第一锁轴13设于滑动件11的外围且可相对于滑动件11作直线升降位移，用于与第一锁块12扣合上锁，其与第一锁块12接触的一端设有第一锁轴头132，第一锁轴头132设有接触圆角。
第一压力弹簧14抵靠于第一锁轴13背离第一锁块12的一端、用于使第一锁轴13沿朝向滑动件11方向运动，在第一锁轴13上升和下降的过程中，第一压力弹簧14都处于压缩状态，这样就能够保证第一锁轴13与第一锁块12之间的接触滑动，当第一锁轴13越过第一锁块12的第一滑移面122的最高点时，第一锁轴头132在第一压力弹簧14的作用下落入第一槽口121内实现上锁。
第一升降机构15设于滑动件11的外围、用于使第一锁轴13沿背离滑动件11方向运动，其包括第一电磁铁151、第一轴芯152以及套设于第一轴芯152上的第一轴芯弹簧153，第一轴芯152与第一锁轴13接触的部位设有第一提升斜面152a，第一锁轴13设有与第一提升斜面152a相配套的第一承力部131。在此较佳实施例中，第一承力部131是指第一锁轴13侧面的一个凹槽以及在此凹槽中设有的与所述第一提升斜面152a接触的半圆柱状凸起。
手动控制杆16用于控制断路安全锁1的开启与关闭，其与第一锁轴13接触的一端设有螺旋斜面161，第一锁轴13设有与螺旋斜面161相配套的侧向凹槽133，手动控制杆16旋转时，侧向凹槽133在螺旋斜面161的推动下向上运动，使第一锁轴13远离第一锁块12。
图3（a）至图3（c）示出了本发明断路安全锁的上锁过程。
如图3（a）所示，滑动件11带动第一锁块12向右滑动，第一电磁铁151未对第一轴芯152提供向左的吸力，第一轴芯152在第一轴芯弹簧153的作用下处于伸出状态，第一压力弹簧14对第一锁轴13提供向下的弹力，第一承力部131处于第一提升斜面152a的最低或靠近最低位置。
如图3（b）所示，滑动件11继续带动第一锁块12向右运动，第一锁轴头132与第一滑移面122接触，在第一滑移面122的推动作用下第一锁轴13向上运动。
如图3（c）所示，滑动件11带动第一锁块12向右运动，第一锁轴头132越过第一滑移面122的顶点后，在第一压力弹簧14的弹力作用下落入第一槽口121内，第一锁轴13和第一锁块12即完成上锁过程，滑动件11被锁止于中间位置。
图4（a）至图4（c）示出了本发明断路安全锁的解锁过程。
如图4（a）所示，滑动件11与第一锁块12都锁止于中间位置，第一电磁铁151吸合第一轴芯152向左运动，第一提升斜面152a推动第一承力部131，进而使第一锁轴13向上运动，直至第一锁轴头132达到高于第一槽口121的位置。
如图4（b）所示，第一电磁铁151保持吸合第一轴芯152的状态，第一锁轴13保持升起的状态，滑动件11与第一锁块12向右运动，完成第一锁轴头132与第一槽口121的脱离。
如图4（c）所示，滑动件11与第一锁块12继续向右运动，第一锁轴头132与第一槽口121偏离时，第一电磁铁151释放第一轴芯152，在第一轴芯弹簧153的弹力作用下，第一轴芯152向右运动，第一锁轴13则在第一压力弹簧14的弹力作用下向下运动，进而完成断路安全锁的解锁过程。
图5（a）至图5（c）示出了本发明断路安全锁处于手动关闭状态的工作过程。如图5（a）至图5（c）所示，手动控制杆16通过其螺旋斜面161对第一锁轴13的侧面凹槽133提供向上的推力，第一锁轴头132保持在第一锁块12最高点的上方，这样，滑动件11和第一锁块12往复运动时，第一锁块12与第一锁轴13就保持不接触的状态，断路安全锁就处于关闭的状态。
图6是双电源切换开关的移动电极在储能弹簧和断路安全锁的共同作用下回复中间断路位置的过程图。如图6所示，双电源切换开关具有断路安全锁1，当移动电极81在右储能弹簧83的作用下向左运动经过中间断路位置时，移动电极81立即被断路安全锁81锁住。对比图1中的时间可以看出，断路安全锁1能够极大地缩短断路时间，而且避免了移动电极81在回复到断路位置前的往返摆动。
图7是双切换开关在储能弹簧和电磁铁以及断路安全锁共同作用下回复中间断路位置的过程图。如图7所示，双电源切换开关具有断路安全锁1，右储能弹簧93和电磁铁94共同对移动电椅91施加向左运动的力，与图6中的运动曲线对比可以看出，移动电极91的接点分断和回复中间断路位置的速度都明显加快，当移动电极91运动至中间断路位置时，断路安全锁1依然可以立即将移动电极91锁固。储能弹簧和电磁铁（或其他机械动力）的同时作用能够实现高拉力的分断能力，也就是拉开已经熔接的触头，而断路安全锁则能保证高速度、大拉力的移动电极的快速回中断路。图8示出了本发明双电源切换开关的具体结构。如图5所示，本发明双电源切换开关包括壳体3、A位电极4、B位电极5、移动电极6、AB位锁2以及如上所述的断路安全锁1，移动电极6与滑动件11固连并跟随滑动件11在A位电极4和B位电极5之间移动。
A位电极4一侧设有A位电磁铁41、A位轴芯42以及A位储能弹簧43，B位电极5一侧设有B位电磁铁51、B位轴芯52以及B位储能弹簧53，A位轴芯42和B位轴芯52都与滑动件11固连。A位储能弹簧43和B位储能弹簧53的一端都与壳体3固连，而另一端用于给滑动件11提供往复运动的动力。具体而言，A位电磁铁41和B位储能弹簧53同时驱动滑动件11向A位电极4运动，而B位电磁铁51和A位储能弹簧43则同时驱动滑动件11向B位电极5运动。这种采用储能弹簧配合电磁铁来提供滑动件11的运动动力的方法能够使移动电极6加快断路速度，减少电弧对触头的破坏，而且采用电磁铁的强大动力辅助移动滑动件11，也能够避免已经融化结合的电极触头发生电力短路或失控的现象发生。当然，在不同的实施例中，也可以只采用储能弹簧提供回复力。
如图8所示，AB位锁用于将移动电极6锁止于A位电极4或B位电极5处，其包括第二锁块22、第二锁轴23、第二压力弹簧24以及第二提升机构25。
第二锁块22与所述滑动件11固连，其中间设有用于导引第二锁轴23滑动的第二槽口221，第二槽口221的两内侧边设有第二滑移面222。优选地，第二滑移面222为圆弧面或斜面。
第二锁轴23设于滑动件11外围、且可相对于滑动件11作直线升降位移，用于与第二锁块22的两侧扣合上锁，其与第二锁块22接触的一端设有第二锁轴头232，第二锁轴头232设有接触圆角。
第二压力弹簧44抵靠于第二锁轴23背离第二锁块22的一端、用于使第二锁轴23沿朝向滑动件11方向运动，在第二锁轴23上升和下降的过程中，第二压力弹簧44都处于压缩状态，这样就能够保证第二锁轴23与第二锁块12之间的接触滑动，当第二锁轴23越过第二锁块22的第二滑移面222时，第二锁轴头232在第二压力弹簧24的作用下滑出第一槽口121、在第二滑块22的两侧实现上锁。
第二升降机构25设于滑动件11的外围、用于使第二锁轴23沿背离滑动件11方向运动，其包括第二电磁铁251、第二轴芯252以及套设于第二轴芯252上的第二轴芯弹簧253，第二轴芯252与第二锁轴23接触的部位设有第二提升斜面252a，第二锁轴23设有与第二提升斜面252a相配套的第二承力部231。
图9（a）至图9（c）是本发明双电源切换开关的三种状态的示意图。
图9（a）是本发明双电源切换开关处于A位电极接通状态的示意图，在该状态中，移动电极6与A位电极4接通，AB位锁2将滑动块11锁止，A位储能弹簧处于压缩储能的状态。
图9（b）是本发明双电源切换开关处于中位断路状态的示意图，在该状态中，移动电极6处于断路的中间位置，AB位锁2未对滑动块11锁止，而断路安全锁1将滑动块11锁止。
图9（c）是本发明双电源切换开关处于B位电极接通状态的示意图，在该状态中，移动电极6与B位电极5接通，AB位锁2将滑动块11锁止，B位储能弹簧处于压缩储能的状态。
以上是对本发明的较佳实施例进行了具体说明，但本发明并不限于所述实施例，熟悉本领域的技术人员在不违背本发明精神的前提下还可做出种种的等同变形或替换，这些等同的变形或替换均包含在本申请权利要求所限定的范围内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种断路安全锁，其特征在于，包括：
    滑动件以及与所述滑动件固连的第一锁块；
    设于所述滑动件外围、且可相对于所述滑动件作直线升降位移的第一锁轴，所述第一锁轴可与所述第一锁块扣合上锁；
    抵靠于所述第一锁轴背离所述第一锁块的一端、用于使所述第一锁轴沿朝向所述滑动件方向运动的第一压力弹簧；以及
    设于所述滑动件外围、用于使所述第一锁轴沿背离所述滑动件方向运动的第一提升机构。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的断路安全锁，其特征在于：所述第一提升机构包括第一电磁铁、第一轴芯以及套设于所述第一轴芯上的第一轴芯弹簧，所述第一轴芯与所述第一锁轴接触的部位设有第一提升斜面，所述第一锁轴设有与所述第一提升斜面相配套的第一承力部。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的断路安全锁，其特征在于：所述第一锁块中间设有用于容纳所述第一锁轴端部的第一槽口，两侧面为起导向作用的第一滑移面。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的断路安全锁，其特征在于：所述第一滑移面为圆弧面或斜面。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的断路安全锁，其特征在于：所述第一锁轴与所述第一锁块接触的一端设有第一锁轴头，所述第一锁轴头设有接触圆角。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的断路安全锁，其特征在于：所述断路安全锁还包括一手动控制杆，所述手动控制杆与所述第一锁轴接触的一端设有螺旋斜面，所述第一锁轴设有与所述螺旋斜面相配套的侧向凹槽。
  7. 一种双电源切换开关，其特征在于：包括壳体、A位电极、B位电极、移动电极、AB位锁以及如权利要求1至6任一项所述的断路安全锁，所述移动电极与所述滑动件固连并跟随所述滑动件在A位电极和B位电极之间移动。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电源切换开关，其特征在于：所述A位电极一侧设有A位电磁铁和A位轴芯，所述B位电极一侧设有B位电磁铁和B位轴芯，所述A位轴芯和B位轴芯都与所述滑动件固连。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的电源切换开关，其特征在于：所述A位电极一侧设有与所述壳体固连的A位储能弹簧，所述B位电极一侧设有与所述壳体固连的B位储能弹簧。
  10. 如权利要求7至9任一项所述的电源切换开关，其特征在于：所述AB位锁包括
    与所述滑动件固连的第二锁块；
    设于所述滑动件外围、且可相对于所述滑动件作直线升降位移的第二锁轴，所述第二锁轴可与所述第二锁块的两侧扣合上锁；
    抵靠于所述第二锁轴背离所述第二锁块的一端、用于使所述第二锁轴沿朝向所述滑动件方向运动的第二压力弹簧；以及
    设于所述滑动件外围、用于使所述第二锁轴沿背离所述滑动件方向运动的第二提升机构。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电源切换开关，其特征在于：所述第二提升机构包括第二电磁铁、第二轴芯以及套设于所述第二轴芯上的第二轴芯弹簧，所述第二轴芯与所述第二锁轴接触的部位设有第二提升斜面，所述第二锁轴设有与所述第二提升斜面相配套的第二承力部。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的电源切换开关，其特征在于：所述第二锁块中间设有用于导引所述第二锁轴滑动的第二槽口，所述第二槽口的两内侧边设有第二滑移面。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的电源切换开关，其特征在于：所述第二滑移面为圆弧面或斜面。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的电源切换开关，其特征在于：所述第二锁轴与所述第二锁块接触的一端设有第二锁轴头，所述第二锁轴头设有接触圆角。
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