WO2018107924A1 - 一种柔性线路板及其制备方法、太阳能光伏组件 - Google Patents

一种柔性线路板及其制备方法、太阳能光伏组件 Download PDF

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WO2018107924A1
WO2018107924A1 PCT/CN2017/109904 CN2017109904W WO2018107924A1 WO 2018107924 A1 WO2018107924 A1 WO 2018107924A1 CN 2017109904 W CN2017109904 W CN 2017109904W WO 2018107924 A1 WO2018107924 A1 WO 2018107924A1
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Prior art keywords
wiring board
flexible wiring
board according
copper foil
top surface
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PCT/CN2017/109904
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English (en)
French (fr)
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闫勇
高小君
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苏州城邦达力材料科技有限公司
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Priority to JP2018600030U priority Critical patent/JP3224281U/ja
Publication of WO2018107924A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018107924A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J163/00—Adhesives based on epoxy resins; Adhesives based on derivatives of epoxy resins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/18—Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components
    • H05K1/189—Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components characterised by the use of a flexible or folded printed circuit
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/03—Metal processing
    • H05K2203/0392—Pretreatment of metal, e.g. before finish plating, etching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic modules, in particular to a flexible circuit board, a preparation method thereof and a solar photovoltaic module.
  • Solar energy is a new type of clean and environmentally friendly power source.
  • Solar photovoltaic power generation is the mainstay of future energy supply under the premise that environmental issues are increasingly valued worldwide.
  • the encouragement of national policies has led to the rapid development of the solar photovoltaic industry. Better utilization of solar power generation efficiency and the production of more efficient solar modules are increasingly becoming market requirements.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a flexible circuit board, a preparation method thereof, and a solar photovoltaic module.
  • the flexible circuit board is simple in design and manufacture, and has good solderability and oxidation resistance.
  • the solar photovoltaic module can improve heat dissipation function. Reduces internal resistance and also has good oxidation resistance and processability.
  • a flexible circuit board configured for use in a solar photovoltaic module, comprising: a resin substrate, an adhesive layer coated on a top surface of the resin substrate, a copper foil laminated on a top surface of the adhesive layer, and plating
  • the anti-oxidation coating on the top surface of the copper foil, the copper foil and the anti-oxidation coating layer are etched to form a line; the anti-oxidation coating layer has a zinc content of 0.5-20 mg/m 2 , a nickel content of 0.5-15 mg/m 2 , and a chromium content. The amount is 0.5 to 8 mg/m 2 .
  • the adhesive layer is formed by coating with an adhesive
  • the gelling agent comprises the following components by weight: 20 to 100 parts of the resin; 1 to 5 parts of the curing agent; 0.1 to 0.5 parts of the auxiliary; 0.1 to 0.5 of the filler; Parts; and solvent 5 to 10 parts.
  • the resin is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, epoxy resin, and acrylic resin.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer is 8 to 20 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 15 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the resin substrate is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyimide (PI).
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PI polyimide
  • the thickness of the resin substrate is 45 to 125 ⁇ m, preferably 70 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the copper foil is 10 to 45 ⁇ m, preferably 18 to 40 ⁇ m.
  • a solar photovoltaic module comprising a solar cell sheet and the flexible circuit board described above, the solar cell sheet and the line being joined by soldering.
  • the method for preparing a flexible circuit board includes the following steps:
  • Step A The adhesive component is prepared and mixed uniformly to obtain an adhesive
  • Step B uniformly apply the adhesive prepared in the step A on the resin substrate treated by corona treatment of 1 to 3 kV to form an adhesive layer, and quickly dry for 1 to 5 minutes at 50 ° C to 80 ° C. Forming a copper foil on the top surface of the adhesive layer and curing to obtain a flexible copper clad laminate;
  • Step C plating the top surface of the copper foil in the flexible copper clad laminate in step B with an anti-oxidation coating
  • Step D The dry film is adhered to the top surface of the oxidation-proof plating layer in the step C, exposed and developed, and the wiring is etched, and the dry film is peeled off to obtain a flexible wiring board.
  • the anti-oxidation coating layer in the step C has a zinc content of 0.5 to 40 mg/m 2 , a nickel content of 0.5 to 20 mg/m 2 , and a chromium content of 0.5 to 10 mg/m 2 .
  • the anti-oxidation coating layer in the step D is micro-etched during the process of peeling off the dry film after the circuit is etched, so that the content of the plating layer is changed, and the content of the plating layer after the change of the anti-oxidation coating layer is: the zinc content is 0.5-20 mg/ m 2 , a nickel content of 0.5 to 15 mg/m 2 , and a chromium content of 0.5 to 8 mg/m 2 .
  • the step of peeling off the dry film in step D is carried out in a release agent having a concentration of 8% to 12%.
  • the process parameters of peeling off the dry film are: temperature range of 50 to 80 ° C, peeling time It is 30 to 120 s.
  • the etching process in the step D is: after etching for 3 to 5 minutes in a concentration of 200-300 mol/L ferric chloride etching solution under the conditions of a temperature of 45 to 55 ° C and a pressure of 1.5 to 3 kg/cm 2 . .
  • the dry film (7) in step D has a thickness of 30 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the present invention provides a flexible circuit board, a preparation method thereof, and a solar photovoltaic module.
  • the flexible circuit board is simple in design and manufacture, and has good solderability and oxidation resistance; the solar photovoltaic module It can improve heat dissipation, reduce internal resistance, and has good oxidation resistance and processability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a solar photovoltaic module provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic structural view of a flexible circuit board provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 2b is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 2a;
  • FIG. 2c is a schematic structural view of a flexible circuit board of FIG. 2a before etching
  • FIG. 2d is a schematic structural view of a flexible circuit board of FIG. 2c after being adhered to a dry film;
  • FIG. 2e is a schematic structural view of a flexible circuit board of FIG. 2d after etching
  • Figure 2f is a schematic view showing the structure of a flexible wiring board of Figure 2e after peeling off the dry film.
  • the present embodiment provides a flexible circuit board 1 comprising a resin substrate 2, an adhesive layer 6 coated on the top surface of the resin substrate 2, and a composite layer 6 on the adhesive layer.
  • the top surface of the copper foil 5 and the oxidation-proof plating layer 4 plated on the top surface of the copper foil 5; the copper foil 5 and the oxidation-proof plating layer 4 are etched to form the line 3.
  • the material of the resin substrate 2 is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the thickness of the resin substrate 2 is 50 ⁇ m, the thickness of the adhesive layer 6 is 8 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the copper foil 5 is 20 ⁇ m.
  • the flexible wiring board 1 is produced according to the following preparation process:
  • an anti-oxidation coating layer 4 is plated on the top surface of the copper foil 5, wherein the anti-oxidation coating layer 4 has a zinc content of 21.5 mg/m 2 , a nickel content of 10.4 mg/m 2 , and a chromium content of 7 mg. /m 2 .
  • the flexible copper clad plate with the anti-oxidation coating 4 is cut into four samples of 170 mm*170 mm, namely, sample 1, sample 2, sample 3, and sample 4, and are respectively attached to the top surfaces of samples 1 to 4.
  • a 40 ⁇ m dry film 7 is shown in Figure 2d.
  • the sample 1 to the sample 4 after the etching to form the line 3 are stripped of the dry film 7 according to different processes, and the specific procedure is as follows: in the film removal liquid having a temperature of 60 ° C and a concentration of 8% to 12%, the sample 1 to the sample 4 The corresponding peeling time is 180s, 120s, 60s, 30s, respectively, and the dry film 7 is peeled off, and then cleaned and dried with water.
  • the structure after peeling off the dry film 7 is as shown in Fig. 2f, that is, 4 of the flexible circuit board 1 is obtained. Samples.
  • the anti-oxidation coating 4 after demolding was measured for the content of the plating element by an EDS tester.
  • the four samples obtained above were cut into a size of 5 cm*5 cm, and a low-temperature solder paste having a tin content of 42%, a cerium content of 57%, and a silver content of 1% was applied, and heated and melted at 160 ° C to 180 ° C for visual observation. Solderability of 4 samples. Samples 1 to 4 were aged for 24 hours at a temperature of 85 ° C and a humidity of 85% RH. The oxidation resistance and solder adhesion were visually observed. The test results are shown in the following table:
  • the present embodiment provides a solar photovoltaic module including a solar cell sheet 8 and a flexible wiring board 1 in Embodiment 1, which is joined to the wiring 3 by soldering.
  • the solar photovoltaic module can improve the heat dissipation function, reduce the internal resistance, and has good oxidation resistance and processability.
  • the present embodiment provides a flexible circuit board 1 having a structure substantially the same as that of the flexible circuit board 1 of Embodiment 1, except that the resin substrate 2 in this embodiment is different.
  • the material was polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), the thickness of the resin substrate 2 was 120 ⁇ m, the thickness of the adhesive layer 6 was 20 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the copper foil 5 was 30 ⁇ m.
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • the flexible wiring board 1 in this embodiment is produced according to the following preparation process:
  • an anti-oxidation coating layer 4 is plated on the top surface of the copper foil 5.
  • the top surface of the flexible copper clad laminate with the oxidation-proof plating layer 4 is bonded to the dry film 7 of 50 ⁇ m, and exposed and developed, respectively, at a temperature of 55 ° C and a pressure of 3 kg / cm 2 at a concentration of
  • the copper foil 5 and the oxidation-proof plating layer 4 are etched to form the line 3, which is cleaned with water; the dry film 7 is peeled off, and the specific process is as follows: at a temperature of 60 ° C, concentration In the 8% to 12% of the stripping solution, the stripping time was 120 s, and then washed with water and dried to obtain a flexible wiring board 1.
  • the present embodiment provides a flexible circuit board 1 having a structure substantially the same as that of the flexible circuit board 1 of Embodiment 1, except that the resin substrate 2 in this embodiment is different.
  • the material was polyimide (PI)
  • the thickness of the resin substrate 2 was 70 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer 6 was 10 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the copper foil 5 was 10 ⁇ m.
  • the flexible wiring board 1 in this embodiment is produced according to the following preparation process:
  • an anti-oxidation coating layer 4 is plated on the top surface of the copper foil 5.
  • the present embodiment provides a flexible circuit board 1 having a structure substantially the same as that of the flexible circuit board 1 of Embodiment 1, except that the resin substrate 2 in this embodiment is different.
  • the material is polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the thickness of the resin substrate 2 is 100 ⁇ m; the thickness of the adhesive layer 6 is 15 ⁇ m; the copper foil 5 The thickness is 45 ⁇ m.
  • the flexible circuit board of the embodiment of the invention has simple manufacturing design and good solderability and oxidation resistance; the solar photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the invention can improve the heat dissipation function, reduce the internal resistance, and has a very high Good oxidation resistance and processability.
  • the flexible circuit board has good solderability and oxidation resistance, and is used in a solar photovoltaic module to improve heat dissipation, reduce internal resistance, and has good oxidation resistance and processability.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

一种柔性线路板及其制备方法、太阳能光伏组件，该柔性线路板（1）用于太阳能光伏组件，包括：树脂基材（2）、涂覆于树脂基材（2）的顶面的胶黏剂层（6）、复合于胶黏剂层（6）的顶面的铜箔（5）、及镀于铜箔（5）的顶面的防氧化镀层（4），铜箔（5）及防氧化镀层（4）经蚀刻形成线路（3）；防氧化镀层（4）中含锌量为0.5～20mg/m 2、含镍量为0.5～15mg/m 2、含铬量为0.5～8mg/m 2。太阳能光伏组件包括上述的柔性线路板（1）和太阳能电池片（8），太阳能电池片（8）与线路（3）通过焊锡接合，该太阳能光伏组件可提高散热功能、减少内阻，还具有很好的防氧化性和加工性。

Description

一种柔性线路板及其制备方法、太阳能光伏组件
本申请要求于2016年12月13日提交中国专利局的申请号为CN201611147213.2、名称为“一种柔性线路板及其制备方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能光伏组件技术领域，尤其涉及一种柔性线路板及其制备方法、太阳能光伏组件。
背景技术
太阳能是一种新型的清洁环保性电源，在全世界对环境问题日益看重的前提下太阳能光伏发电是未来能源供应的主体。随着近年来科技技术的进步，国家政策的鼓励因此太阳能光伏产业也得到快速发展。而更好的利用太阳能发电的效率，制造更高效的太阳能组件也就越来越是市场的要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种柔性线路板及其制备方法、太阳能光伏组件，该柔性线路板的制作设计简单，并具有较好的焊锡性及防氧化性，该太阳能光伏组件可提高散热功能、减少内阻，还具有很好防氧化性和加工性。
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种柔性线路板，配置成用于太阳能光伏组件，包括：树脂基材、涂覆于树脂基材的顶面的胶黏剂层、复合于胶黏剂层的顶面的铜箔、及镀于铜箔的顶面的防氧化镀层，铜箔及防氧化镀层经蚀刻形成线路；防氧化镀层中含锌量为0.5～20mg/m2、含镍量为0.5～15mg/m2、含铬量为0.5～8mg/m2。
其中，胶黏剂层是由胶黏剂涂布形成，胶凝剂包括以下重量份的组分：树脂20～100份；固化剂1～5份；助剂0.1～0.5份；填料0.1～0.5份；和溶剂5～10份。优选地，树脂为选自由聚氨酯、环氧树脂、丙烯酸树脂组成的组合中的至少一种。
胶黏剂层的厚度为8～20μm，优选为10～15μm。
其中，树脂基材的材质选自由聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚酰亚胺(PI)组成的组合中的一种。
树脂基材的厚度为45～125μm，优选为70～100μm。
其中，铜箔的厚度为10～45μm，优选为18～40μm。
一种太阳能光伏组件，包括太阳能电池片和上述的柔性线路板，太阳能电池片与线路通过焊锡接合。
上述一种柔性线路板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤A：胶黏剂组分准备并混合均匀，制得胶黏剂；
步骤B：将步骤A中制得的胶黏剂均匀涂布于经1～3kV电晕处理的树脂基材上形成胶黏剂层，在50℃～80℃的条件下快干1～5min后，在胶黏剂层的顶面复合铜箔并熟化得到柔性覆铜板；
步骤C：在步骤B中的柔性覆铜板中的铜箔的顶面镀防氧化镀层；
步骤D：在步骤C中的防氧化镀层的顶面贴合干膜，进行曝光和显影，并蚀刻出线路，剥离干膜，制得柔性线路板。
其中，步骤C中的防氧化镀层中含锌量为0.5～40mg/m2、含镍量0.5～20mg/m2、含铬量为0.5～10mg/m2。
其中，步骤D中的防氧化镀层在蚀刻出线路后的剥离干膜的过程中受微蚀，使得镀层的含量改变，防氧化镀层的改变后的镀层含量是：含锌量为0.5～20mg/m2、含镍量为0.5～15mg/m2、含铬量为0.5～8mg/m2。
优选地，步骤D中的剥离干膜的工序是在浓度为8％～12％的脱膜剂中进行，可选地，剥离干膜的工艺参数为：温度范围为50～80℃，剥离时间为30～120s。
优选地，步骤D中的蚀刻工艺是：在温度45～55℃、压力为1.5～3kg/cm2的条件下，在浓度为200～300mol/L氯化铁蚀刻液中蚀刻3～5min后取出。
可选地，步骤D中的干膜(7)的厚度为30～50μm。
本发明的有益效果为：本发明提出的一种柔性线路板及其制备方法、太阳能光伏组件，该柔性线路板的制作设计简单，并具有较好的焊锡性及防氧化性；该太阳能光伏组件可提高散热功能、减少内阻，还具有很好防氧化性和加工性。
附图说明
图1是本发明提供的一种太阳能光伏组件的结构示意图；
图2a是本发明提供的一种柔性线路板的结构示意图；
图2b是图2a中的A-A剖视图；
图2c是图2a中的一种柔性线路板在蚀刻前的结构示意图；
图2d是图2c中的一种柔性线路板在贴合干膜后的结构示意图；
图2e是图2d中的一种柔性线路板在蚀刻后的结构示意图；
图2f是图2e中的一种柔性线路板在剥离干膜后的结构示意图。
图中：1-柔性线路板；2-树脂基材；3-线路；4-防氧化镀层；5-铜箔；6-胶黏剂层；7-干膜；8-太阳能电池片。
具体实施方式
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例1
如图2a和图2b所示，本实施例提供一种柔性线路板1，包括树脂基材2、涂覆于树脂基材2的顶面的胶黏剂层6、复合于胶黏剂层6的顶面的铜箔5、及镀于铜箔5的顶面的防氧化镀层4；铜箔5及防氧化镀层4经蚀刻形成线路3。其中，树脂基材2的材质为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)，树脂基材2的厚度为50μm；胶黏剂层6的厚度为8μm；铜箔5的厚度为20μm。
如图2d至图2e所示，柔性线路板1是按照以下制备过程制得：
S101、将聚氨酯500g、固化剂30g、助剂3g、填料3g、溶剂70g混合均匀，制得胶黏剂。
S102、在经2kV电晕处理的、厚50μm的树脂基材2的顶面涂布胶黏剂，形成8μm的胶黏剂层6后，在70℃的条件下快干3min后，在胶黏剂层6的顶面复合20μm的铜箔5并熟化，获得柔性覆铜板，柔性覆铜板的厚度为78μm，TD＝340mm、MD＝340mm。
S103、在铜箔5的顶面镀一层防氧化镀层4，其中，防氧化镀层4中：含锌含量为21.5mg/m2、含镍含量为10.4mg/m2、含铬量为7mg/m2。
S104、将上述带有防氧化镀层4的柔性覆铜板分切为4个170mm*170mm的样品，即样品1、样品2、样品3及样品4，在样品1至样品4的顶面分别贴合40μm的干膜7，如图2d所示。
再分别进行曝光、显影，在温度50℃、压力为2kg/cm2的条件下，在浓度为250mol/L氯化铁蚀刻液中蚀刻3min后取出，从而铜箔5和防氧化镀层4蚀刻形成线路3，用清水清洗干净，得到4个170mm*170mm的样品(样品1至样品4)，如图2e所示。
将上述蚀刻形成线路3后的样品1至样品4按照不同的工艺进行剥离干膜7，具体的工序如下：在温度为60℃，浓度8％～12％的脱膜液中，样品1至样品4对应的剥离时间分别为180s、120s、60s、30s进行剥离干膜7，然后用清水清洗干净并烘干，剥离干膜7后的结构如图2f所示，即得到柔性线路板1的4个样品。
以下对上述柔性线路板1的4个样品的性能进行检测。
由于铜箔5表面的防氧化镀层4根据脱膜速率的不同其镀层元素含量也会相应发生变 化，脱模后的防氧化镀层4通过EDS测试仪测定其镀层元素的含量。将上述最终得到的4个样品裁剪为5cm*5cm的大小，涂布锡含量为42％、铋含量57％，银1％的低温锡膏，并在160℃～180℃下加热融化，目测观察4个样品的可焊锡性。再将样品1至样品4在温度为85℃、湿度为85％RH的条件下老化24h，目测其防氧化性和焊锡密着性，检测结果如下表所示：
表1样品1至样品4的可焊性、防氧化性及焊锡密着性的检测结果
Figure PCTCN2017109904-appb-000001
实施例2
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种太阳能光伏组件，其包括太阳能电池片8和实施例1中的柔性线路板1，该柔性线路板1通过焊锡将太阳能电池片8与线路3接合。该太阳能光伏组件既可以提高散热功能、减少内阻，还具有很好防氧化性和加工性。
实施例3
如图2a和图2b所示，本实施例提供一种柔性线路板1，其结构与实施例1中柔性线路板1的结构大致相同，不同之处在于：本实施例中的树脂基材2的材质为聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)，树脂基材2的厚度为120μm；胶黏剂层6的厚度为20μm；铜箔5的厚度为30μm。
如图2d至图2e所示，本实施例中的柔性线路板1是按照以下制备过程制得：
S301、将环氧树脂1000g、固化剂50g、助剂2g、填料2g、溶剂100g混合均匀，制得胶黏剂。
S302、在经3kV电晕处理的树脂基材2的顶面涂布胶黏剂，形成胶黏剂层6后，在80℃的条件下快干1min后，在胶黏剂层6的顶面复合铜箔5并熟化，获得柔性覆铜板。
S303、在铜箔5的顶面镀一层防氧化镀层4。
S304、将上述带有防氧化镀层4的柔性覆铜板的顶面贴合50μm的干膜7，再分别进行曝光、显影，在温度55℃、压力为3kg/cm2的条件下，在浓度为200mol/L氯化铁蚀刻液中蚀刻5min后取出，从而铜箔5和防氧化镀层4蚀刻形成线路3，用清水清洗干净；剥离干膜7，具体的工序如下：在温度为60℃，浓度8％～12％的脱膜液中，剥离时间分别为120s，然后用清水清洗干净并烘干，即得到柔性线路板1。
实施例4
如图2a和图2b所示，本实施例提供一种柔性线路板1，其结构与实施例1中柔性线路板1的结构大致相同，不同之处在于：本实施例中的树脂基材2的材质为聚酰亚胺(PI)，树脂基材2的厚度为70μm；胶黏剂层6的厚度为10μm；铜箔5的厚度为10μm。
如图2d至图2e所示，本实施例中的柔性线路板1是按照以下制备过程制得：
S401、将丙烯酸树脂300g、固化剂20g、助剂1g、填料5g、溶剂50g混合均匀，制得胶黏剂。
S402、在经1kV电晕处理的树脂基材2的顶面涂布胶黏剂，形成胶黏剂层6后，在50℃的条件下快干5min后，在胶黏剂层6的顶面复合铜箔5并熟化，获得柔性覆铜板。
S403、在铜箔5的顶面镀一层防氧化镀层4。
S404、将上述带有防氧化镀层4的柔性覆铜板的顶面分别贴合30μm的干膜7；再分别进行曝光、显影，在温度45℃、压力为1.5kg/cm2的条件下，在浓度为300mol/L氯化铁蚀刻液中蚀刻3min后取出，从而铜箔5和防氧化镀层4蚀刻形成线路3，用清水清洗干净；剥离干膜7，具体的工序如下：在温度为60℃，浓度8％～12％的脱膜液中，剥离时间分别为120s，然后用清水清洗干净并烘干，即得到柔性线路板1。
实施例5
如图2a和图2b所示，本实施例提供一种柔性线路板1，其结构与实施例1中柔性线路板1的结构大致相同，不同之处在于：本实施例中的树脂基材2的材质为聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)，树脂基材2的厚度为100μm；胶黏剂层6的厚度为15μm；铜箔5的厚度为45μm。
按照实施例1中的测试方法对实施例3～5中的柔性线路板1的可焊锡性、防氧化性和焊锡密着性进行检测，检测结果如下表所示：
表2实施例3～5的柔性线路板的可焊性、防氧化性及焊锡密着性的检测结果
项目 可焊性 防氧化性 焊锡密着性
实施例3 优异 良好 优异
实施例4 优异 良好 优异
实施例5 优异 良好 优异
综上所述，本发明实施例的柔性线路板的制作设计简单，并具有较好的焊锡性及防氧化性；本发明实施例的太阳能光伏组件可提高散热功能、减少内阻，还具有很好防氧化性和加工性。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的技术原理。这些描述只是为了解释本发明的原理，而不能以任何方式解释为对本发明保护范围的限制。基于此处的解释，本领域的技术人员 不需要付出创造性的劳动即可联想到本发明的其它具体实施方式，这些方式都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。
工业实用性：
该柔性线路板具有较好的焊锡性及防氧化性，用于太阳能光伏组件中，可提高散热功能、减少内阻，还具有很好防氧化性和加工性。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种柔性线路板，配置成用于太阳能光伏组件，其特征在于，包括：树脂基材(2)、涂覆于所述树脂基材(2)的顶面的胶黏剂层(6)、复合于所述胶黏剂层(6)的顶面的铜箔(5)、及镀于所述铜箔(5)的顶面的防氧化镀层(4)；所述铜箔(5)及所述防氧化镀层(4)经蚀刻形成线路(3)；所述防氧镀层(4)中含锌量0.5～20mg/m2、含镍量0.5～15mg/m2、含铬量0.5～8mg/m2。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性线路板，其特征在于，所述胶黏剂层(6)是由胶黏剂涂布形成，所述胶凝剂包括以下重量份的组分：树脂20～100份；固化剂1～5份；助剂0.1～0.5份；填料0.1～0.5份；和溶剂5～10份。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的柔性线路板，其特征在于，所述树脂为选自由聚氨酯、环氧树脂、丙烯酸树脂组成的组合中的至少一种。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的柔性线路板，其特征在于，所述胶黏剂层(6)的厚度为8～20μm，优选为10～15μm。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的柔性线路板，其特征在于，所述树脂基材(2)的材质选自由聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚酰亚胺(PI)组成的组合中的至少一种。.
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的柔性线路板，其特征在于，所述树脂基材(2)的厚度为45～125μm，优选为70～100μm。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的柔性线路板，其特征在于，所述铜箔(5)的厚度为10～45μm，优选为18～40μm。
  8. 一种太阳能光伏组件，其特征在于，其包括如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的柔性线路板(1)和太阳能电池片(8)，所述太阳能电池片(8)与所述线路(3)通过焊锡接合。
  9. 用于权利要求1至7中任一项所述的柔性线路板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    步骤A：胶黏剂组分准备并混合均匀，制得胶黏剂；
    步骤B：将所述步骤A中制得的胶黏剂均匀涂布于经1～3kV电晕处理的树脂基材(2)上形成胶黏剂层(6)，在50℃～80℃的条件下快干1～5min后，在胶黏剂层(6)的顶面复合铜箔(5)并熟化得到柔性覆铜板；
    步骤C：在所述步骤B中的柔性覆铜板中的铜箔(5)的顶面镀防氧化镀层(4)；
    步骤D：在所述步骤C中的防氧化镀层(4)的顶面贴合干膜(7)，进行曝光和显影， 并蚀刻出线路(3)，剥离所述干膜(7)，制得柔性线路板。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的柔性线路板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤C中的防氧化镀层(4)中含锌量为0.5～40mg/m2、含镍量0.5～20mg/m2、含铬量为0.5～10mg/m2。
  11. 根据权利要求9至10中任一项所述的柔性线路板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤D中的防氧化镀层(4)在蚀刻出线路(3)后的剥离干膜(7)的过程中受微蚀，使得所述镀层的含量改变。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种柔性线路板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述防氧化镀层(4)的改变后的镀层含量是：含锌量为0.5～20mg/m2、含镍量为0.5～15mg/m2、含铬量为0.5～8mg/m2。
  13. 根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的柔性线路板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤D中的剥离干膜(7)的工序是在浓度为8％～12％的脱模剂中进行.。
  14. 根据权利要求9至13中任一项所述的柔性线路板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤D中的剥离干膜(7)的工艺参数为：温度范围为50～70℃，剥离时间为30～120s。
  15. 根据权利要求9至14中任一项所述的柔性线路板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤D中的蚀刻工艺是：在温度45～55℃、压力为1.5～3kg/cm2的条件下，在浓度为200～300mol/L氯化铁蚀刻液中蚀刻3～5min后取出。
  16. 根据权利要求9至14中任一项所述的柔性线路板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤D中的干膜(7)的厚度为30～50μm。
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