WO2018103641A1 - 可伸缩式无人机 - Google Patents

可伸缩式无人机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018103641A1
WO2018103641A1 PCT/CN2017/114641 CN2017114641W WO2018103641A1 WO 2018103641 A1 WO2018103641 A1 WO 2018103641A1 CN 2017114641 W CN2017114641 W CN 2017114641W WO 2018103641 A1 WO2018103641 A1 WO 2018103641A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rail
slide rail
sliding
slide
sliding rail
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/114641
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄立
吴晗
付文
王效杰
顾兴
刘华斌
Original Assignee
普宙飞行器科技（深圳）有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 普宙飞行器科技（深圳）有限公司 filed Critical 普宙飞行器科技（深圳）有限公司
Publication of WO2018103641A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018103641A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U10/00—Type of UAV
    • B64U10/10—Rotorcrafts
    • B64U10/13—Flying platforms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D45/00—Aircraft indicators or protectors not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of drones, and in particular to a retractable drone.
  • the drone is an unmanned aerial vehicle that is operated by radio remote control equipment and a self-contained program control device.
  • Currently it is mostly used in combination with shooting equipment for inspection and aerial photography.
  • the technology of drones is constantly improving and the application is more and more extensive.
  • the arms and blades need to be extended in one direction, the space occupied by them is too large, which is not convenient for storage and transportation.
  • the current solution is to reduce the volume of the drone under non-working state by folding, but this can not achieve all-round protection of the blade, so there is a safety hazard.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a retractable drone that can achieve maximum reduction of volume and overall protection of the blade when the drone is not working, so as to facilitate storage and transportation and provide higher safety. .
  • the present invention provides a retractable drone, including a main cabin and a motor blade mechanism.
  • the left and right sides of the main cabin are respectively provided with a shroud, and the shroud passes through the first slip.
  • a rail mechanism is slidably coupled to the motor blade mechanism, and/or the motor blade mechanism is slidably coupled to the main cabin by a second rail mechanism;
  • the motor blade mechanism is housed in a space between the shroud and the main compartment when the first rail mechanism and the second rail mechanism are in a contracted state, and the main cabin is housed in the two shrouds.
  • the retractable UAV of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • a shroud is disposed on the left and right sides of the main cabin, and each of the shrouds is connected to the motor blade mechanism through a telescopic first rail mechanism, and each motor blade mechanism is connected to the main cabin through a telescopic second rail mechanism.
  • the motor blade mechanism is accommodated in the space formed by the shroud and the main cabin when the first and second rail mechanisms are in a contracted state, and the main cabin is also accommodated in the two shrouds, so that the designed structure is simple and compact, and the operation is simple. Convenient, minimizing the overall size and overall protection of the motor blades during off-hours for storage and transportation and providing greater safety;
  • the design further ensures the relationship between the main cabin, the motor blade mechanism and the shield. Smooth sliding, easier to operate and safe for storage and transportation;
  • the arrangement can ensure that the main compartment, the motor blade mechanism and the shield are in an unfolded state. Stable state, so that the components do not slide;
  • the first sliding rail mechanism and the second sliding rail mechanism can be easily changed from the unfolded stable state to the sliding state, which is convenient for the shrinking operation, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective exploded structural view of a first embodiment of a retractable drone of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view showing the unfolded state of the first embodiment of the retractable drone of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective exploded structural view of a second embodiment of a retractable drone of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view showing the unfolded state of the second embodiment of the retractable drone of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective exploded structural view of a third embodiment of a retractable drone according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective structural view of a card position latch of a third embodiment of the retractable drone of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the first stop mechanism in the third embodiment of the retractable drone according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the first stop mechanism in the contracted state of the third embodiment of the retractable drone of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic top view showing a connection structure of a second stopping mechanism of the third embodiment of the retractable drone according to the present invention in an unfolded state;
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective exploded structural view of a fourth embodiment of a retractable drone of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective structural view of an unlocking mechanism of a fourth embodiment of a retractable drone of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the connection structure of the first stopping mechanism and the unlocking mechanism in the fourth embodiment of the telescopic UAV according to the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the first stop mechanism and the unlocking mechanism in the contracted state of the fourth embodiment of the retractable drone of the present invention
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the structural change of the fourth embodiment of the retractable drone of the present invention from an unfolded state to a contracted state;
  • FIG. 15 is a perspective exploded structural view of a fifth embodiment of a retractable drone according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view showing a contracted state of a fifth embodiment of a retractable drone according to the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a perspective view showing the three-dimensional structure of the motor blade mechanism of the fifth embodiment of the retractable drone of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a perspective exploded structural view of a sixth embodiment of a retractable drone of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic structural view showing the unfolded state of the sixth embodiment of the retractable drone of the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic view showing the structure of the contracted state of the sixth embodiment of the retractable drone of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a three-dimensional exploded structure of the retractable UAV of the present invention, including a main cabin 1 of the drone, and the main compartment 1 is closed around, and is disposed on the left and right sides of the main cabin 1 respectively.
  • the shield 2 is a mesh cover provided with a plurality of meshes 3 on the surface, and the side of the shield 2 facing the main compartment 1 is open.
  • the shroud 2 is respectively slidably connected to the motor blade mechanism by the first sliding rail mechanism 4 of the telescopic type, and the motor blade mechanism includes a motor connecting rod 5, and the base 6 is disposed on the front and rear portions of the motor connecting rod 5, respectively
  • a motor blade assembly 7 is mounted on each of the bases 6, and the motor blade assembly 7 is an existing product, including a motor and a motor blade.
  • the motor blade assembly 7 is bolted to the base 6, and may also pass other Connection methods, such as welding, are all within the scope of this new type of protection.
  • the first slide rail mechanism 4 includes a first slide rail 8 disposed on a side wall of the inner cavity of the shroud 2, and the first slide rail 8 is made of a bump having an inverted L shape in cross section.
  • the first slide rail mechanism includes a second slide rail corresponding to the position of the first slide rail disposed on the motor blade mechanism, that is, a position corresponding to the position of the first slide rail 8 on the side of the motor link 5
  • the second slide rail 9 is provided at the upper portion, and the upper portion of the second slide rail 9 is provided with a first track groove 10 having an inverted L shape in cross section, and a second track groove 11 having an L shape in cross section is disposed at the lower portion thereof.
  • the first track slot 10 of the rail 9 is slidably disposed on the first slide rail 8, and the first rail slot of the first slide rail 8 and the second slide rail 9 passes between the shield 2 and the motor link 5 of the motor blade mechanism. 10 slidingly coupled together, the first rail mechanism 4 can also be a socket structure.
  • the two motor blade mechanisms are respectively slidably coupled to the side of the main compartment 1 by a telescopic second rail mechanism 12, and the second rail mechanism 12 includes a second track slot 11 of the second rail 9 and a second
  • the track groove 11 is correspondingly disposed on the third slide rail 13 of the side wall of the main compartment 1, and the third slide rail 13 is made of a bump having an L-shaped cross section.
  • the second track groove 11 of the second slide rail 9 is slidably disposed on the third slide rail 13, and the motor link 5 of the motor blade mechanism and the main cabin 1 pass through the second track groove 11 of the second slide rail 9 and the third slide
  • the rail 13 is slidably connected, and the second rail mechanism 12 can also be a socket structure.
  • a motor slide mechanism is further slidably coupled between the main cabin 1 and the motor blade mechanism, and the motor slide rail mechanism includes a fourth slide rail disposed on the motor blade mechanism and disposed on a sidewall of the main cabin. a motor slide rail slidably coupled to the fourth slide rail.
  • the motor slide mechanism comprises two fourth slide rails 14 disposed at the front and the rear of the motor link 5 and two motor slide rails 15 disposed on the side wall of the main cabin 1, which are two fourth slides.
  • the rail 14 and the two motor slide rails 15 are two sets of relatively slidable grooved bump structures, that is, the fourth slide rail 14 is a groove structure, and the motor slide rail 15 is a slidably inserted into the fourth slide rail 14 Block structure.
  • the motor blade assembly 7 and the main compartment 1 are slidably coupled to the motor slide rail 15 via the fourth slide rail 14.
  • the fourth slide rail 14 and the motor slide rail 15 may also be a socket structure.
  • the embodiment preferably further includes an auxiliary slide mechanism including a first auxiliary slide rail 16 disposed on the front side and/or the rear side of the main compartment 1 and a front side and/or a rear side of the inner cavity of the shield 2
  • the second auxiliary slide rail 17 on the side in this embodiment, the first auxiliary slide rail 16 is disposed on the rear side of the main cabin 1, and the second auxiliary slide rail 17 is disposed on the rear side of the inner cavity of the shield 2, the main compartment 1 and the shield 2 is slidably connected to the second auxiliary slide rail 17 by the first auxiliary slide rail 16.
  • the first auxiliary slide rail 16 and the second auxiliary slide rail 17 are groove projection structures that are slidably coupled to each other.
  • the motor blade mechanism is accommodated in the space between the two shrouds 2 and the main cabin 1 when the first rail mechanism 4 and the second rail mechanism 12 are in a contracted state, and the main cabin 1 is accommodated in two In the inner cavity of the shield 2.
  • the first rail mechanism 4 and the second rail mechanism 12 are deployed, so that the two shields 2 are respectively unfolded relative to the two motor blade mechanisms, so that the two motors are respectively
  • the blade mechanism is respectively unfolded with respect to the left and right sides of the main cabin 1, and at this time, the first rail 8 is slid outward relative to the first track slot 10 of the second rail 9 to the maximum limit position at which the two rails remain connected.
  • the second track groove 11 of the second slide rail 9 is slid outward relative to the third slide rail 13 to the maximum limit position at which the two slide rails remain connected.
  • the fourth slide rail 14 slides outward relative to the motor slide rail 15 to The maximum limit position
  • the second auxiliary slide rail 17 slides outward relative to the first auxiliary slide rail 16 to the maximum limit position, so that the drone can perform normal inspection and aerial photography work; and when the drone does not work,
  • the first rail mechanism 4 and the second rail mechanism 12 are contracted to accommodate the two motor blade mechanisms in the two shrouds 2, and the main compartment 1 of the drone is completely accommodated in the two shrouds 2, so that the two shields 2 merge to completely cover the main compartment 1 and the two motor blade mechanisms, two motor blade machines
  • the structure is respectively accommodated in the accommodating space between the main compartment 1 and the two shrouds 2, and the structure is simple and compact, and the operation is convenient, and the overall volume and the overall protection of the motor blades can be reduced in a non-working manner. To facilitate storage and transportation and to provide greater security.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are schematic diagrams showing the three-dimensional exploded structure of the retractable UAV of the present invention and the structure of the unfolded state, including the main cabin 1 of the drone, and the main compartment 1 is closed around the main compartment.
  • a shield 2 is disposed on each of the left and right sides of the cover 1, and the shield 2 is a mesh cover provided with a plurality of meshes 3 on the surface.
  • the plurality of mesh holes 3 are formed in a hub shape.
  • the side of the shroud 2 facing the main compartment 1 and the upper end are both open.
  • Each of the shrouds 2 is slidably connected to a motor blade mechanism by a first type of slide rail mechanism 4, and the motor blade mechanism includes a motor link 5, and the base 6 is disposed on the front and rear portions of the motor link 5, respectively.
  • a motor blade assembly 7 is mounted on each of the two bases 6.
  • the motor blade assembly 7 is an existing product, including a motor and a motor blade. In this embodiment, the motor blade assembly 7 is bolted to the base 6 or through Other connection methods, such as welding, are the scope of this new type of protection.
  • the first slide rail mechanism 4 includes a first slide rail 8' disposed in the middle of the side wall of the inner cavity of the shroud 2, and the first slide rail 8' is made of C-shaped channel steel.
  • a second slide rail 9' is disposed on a side of the motor link 5 corresponding to the position of the first slide rail 8', and the second slide rail 9' is also made of C-shaped channel steel, and the cross-sectional dimension thereof is slightly smaller than the first
  • the size of the slide rail 8', the second slide rail 9' is slidably disposed on the first slide rail 8', and the first slide rail 8' and the second slide are passed between the shield 2 and the motor link 5 of the motor blade mechanism.
  • the rails 9' are slidably coupled together.
  • the two motor blade mechanisms are respectively slidably coupled to the side of the main compartment 1 by a telescopic second rail mechanism 12, and the second rail mechanism 12 includes a second rail 9' and a second rail 9' position.
  • the third slide rail 13' is also made of C-shaped channel steel.
  • the cross-sectional dimension of the second rail 9' is slightly larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the third rail 13'.
  • the second slide rail 9' is slidably disposed on the third slide rail 13', and the motor link 5 and the main cabin 1 are slidably coupled to the third slide rail 13' through the second slide rail 9'.
  • a motor slide mechanism is further slidably connected between the main cabin 1 and the motor blade mechanism, and the motor slide rail mechanism includes two fourth slide rails 14 disposed at the front and the rear of the motor blade assembly 7, and is disposed in the main cabin 1
  • Two motor slide rails 15 of the side wall are two sets of grooved bump structures that are relatively slidable, that is, the fourth slide rail 14 is a concave
  • the groove structure, the motor slide rail 15 is a bump structure slidably inserted into the fourth slide rail 14.
  • the motor blade assembly 7 and the main compartment 1 are slidably coupled to the motor slide rail 15 via the fourth slide rail 14.
  • the fourth slide rail 14 and the motor slide rail 15 may also be a socket structure.
  • the embodiment preferably further includes an auxiliary slide mechanism including a first auxiliary slide rail 16' disposed on the front side and/or the rear side of the main compartment 1 and disposed on the front side of the inner cavity of the shield 2 and/or The second auxiliary slide rail 17' on the rear side, in this embodiment, the first auxiliary slide rail 16' is disposed on the front side of the main compartment 1, and the second auxiliary slide rail 17' is disposed on the front side of the inner cavity of the shield 2, the main compartment 1 and the shroud 2 are slidably coupled to the second auxiliary rail 17' by the first auxiliary rail 16'.
  • the first auxiliary slide rail 16' and the second auxiliary slide rail 17' are C-shaped channel steel structures that are slidably coupled to each other.
  • the motor blade mechanism is accommodated in the space between the two shrouds 2 and the main cabin 1 when the first rail mechanism 4 and the second rail mechanism 12 are in a contracted state, and the main cabin 1 is accommodated in two In the inner cavity of the shield 2.
  • the usage mode and process of the embodiment are basically the same as the usage mode and process of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
  • the structure of the same design is simple and compact, and the operation is convenient.
  • the maximum volume and the overall volume can be reduced when not working. All-round protection of the motor blades for storage and transportation and for greater safety.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing the three-dimensional exploded structure of the retractable UAV of the present invention.
  • the majority of the structure is the same as that of the second embodiment described in FIG. 3, including the main compartment 1 of the drone, and the main compartment.
  • the periphery of 1 is closed, and the cover 2 is disposed on the left and right sides of the main compartment 1, and the shield 2 is a mesh cover provided with a plurality of meshes 3 on the surface.
  • the plurality of meshes 3 form a hub shape.
  • the side of the shroud 2 facing the main compartment 1 and the upper end are both open.
  • Each of the shrouds 2 is slidably connected to a motor blade mechanism by a first type of slide rail mechanism 4, and the motor blade mechanism includes a motor link 5, and the base 6 is disposed on the front and rear portions of the motor link 5, respectively.
  • a motor blade assembly 7 is mounted on each of the two bases 6.
  • the motor blade assembly 7 is an existing product, including a motor and a motor blade. In this embodiment, the motor blade assembly 7 is bolted to the base 6 or through Other connection methods, such as welding, are the scope of this new type of protection.
  • the first slide rail mechanism 4 includes a first slide rail 8' disposed in the middle of the side wall of the inner cavity of the shroud 2, and the first slide rail 8' is made of C-shaped channel steel.
  • a second slide rail 9' is disposed on a side of the motor link 5 corresponding to the position of the first slide rail 8', and the second slide rail 9' is also made of C-shaped channel steel, and the cross-sectional dimension thereof is slightly smaller than the first
  • the size of the slide rail 8', the second slide rail 9' is slidably disposed on the first slide rail 8', and the first slide rail 8' and the second slide are passed between the shield 2 and the motor link 5 of the motor blade mechanism.
  • the rails 9' are slidably coupled together.
  • the two motor blade mechanisms are respectively slidably coupled to the side of the main compartment 1 by a telescopic second rail mechanism 12, and the second rail mechanism 12 includes a second rail 9' and a second rail 9' position.
  • the third slide rail 13' is also made of C-shaped channel steel.
  • the cross-sectional dimension of the second rail 9' is slightly larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the third rail 13'.
  • the second slide rail 9' is slidably disposed on the third slide rail 13', and the motor link 5 and the main cabin 1 are slidably coupled to the third slide rail 13' through the second slide rail 9'.
  • a motor slide mechanism is further slidably connected between the main cabin 1 and the motor blade mechanism, and the motor slide rail mechanism includes two fourth slide rails 14 disposed at the front and the rear of the motor blade assembly 7, and is disposed in the main cabin 1
  • Two motor slide rails 15 of the side wall are two sets of relatively slidable grooved bump structures, that is, the fourth slide rail 14 is a concave
  • the groove structure, the motor slide rail 15 is a bump structure slidably inserted into the fourth slide rail 14.
  • the motor blade assembly 7 and the main compartment 1 are slidably coupled to the motor slide rail 15 via the fourth slide rail 14.
  • the fourth slide rail 14 and the motor slide rail 15 may also be a socket structure.
  • the embodiment preferably further includes an auxiliary slide mechanism including a first auxiliary slide rail 16' disposed on the front side and/or the rear side of the main compartment 1 and disposed on the front side of the inner cavity of the shield 2 and/or a second auxiliary slide rail (not shown) on the rear side, in this embodiment, the first auxiliary slide rail 16' is disposed on the front side of the main cabin 1, and the second auxiliary slide rail is disposed on the front side of the inner cavity of the shield 2.
  • the main compartment 1 and the shroud 2 are slidably coupled to the second auxiliary rail by the first auxiliary rail 16'.
  • the first auxiliary rail 16' and the second auxiliary rail are C-shaped channel structures that are slidably coupled to each other.
  • the first sliding rail mechanism 4 is provided with a first stopping mechanism for making the first sliding rail and the second sliding rail when the first sliding rail and the second sliding rail are relatively unfolded.
  • the first slide rail, the second slide rail, and the third slide rail are relatively contracted, so that the first slide rail, the second slide rail, and the third slide rail are in a stable state.
  • the first stop mechanism fixes the upper end surface of the first slide rail and the upper end surface of the second slide rail to make the first The slide rail and the second slide rail are in a stable state, or when the first slide rail, the second slide rail and the third slide rail are relatively contracted, the upper end surface of the first slide rail is fixed by the first stopping mechanism
  • the upper end surface of the second rail and the upper end surface of the third rail are in such a manner that the first rail, the second rail and the third rail are in a stable state.
  • the first stop mechanism includes a hollow mounting sleeve 18 connected to one side of the motor link 5, and the mounting sleeve 18 is mounted with a latching pin 19, and the lower portion of the latching pin is a stepped shaft, when the first sliding rail mechanism When the second sliding rail mechanism is unfolded, the stepped shaft is disposed on the upper end surface of the first sliding rail and the upper end surface of the second sliding rail, and the first sliding rail, the second sliding rail and the third sliding rail are relatively contracted.
  • the stepped shaft is disposed on the upper end surface of the first rail, the upper end surface of the second rail, and the upper end surface of the third rail.
  • the upper portion of the latching pin 19 is a circular shaft 20, and the first spring 21 is mounted on the circular shaft 20.
  • the lower portion of the latching pin 19 is a stepped shaft 22, and the upper cross-sectional dimension of the stepped shaft 22 is larger than that of the lower cross-section. Section size.
  • the middle of the latching pin 19 is provided with a first limiting block 23 having a cross-sectional dimension larger than the cross-sectional dimensions of the circular shaft 20 and the stepped shaft 22.
  • a first inclined surface 24 inclined to the lower side of the second sliding rail 9' is disposed on a side of the first limiting block 23 adjacent to the first sliding rail 8'.
  • the front and rear upper portions of the first limiting block 23 are close to the first sliding portion.
  • Two second limiting blocks 25 are disposed in the direction of the rail 8', and a second side of the two second limiting blocks 25 adjacent to the first sliding rail 8' is respectively provided with a second inclined to the lower side of the second sliding rail 9'.
  • the first connecting hole 27 and the second connecting hole are respectively disposed on the upper end surface of the first sliding rail 8 ′, away from the second sliding rail 9 ′ and adjacent to the two ends of the second sliding rail 9 ′.
  • a third connecting hole 29 is disposed on an upper end surface of the second sliding rail 9' adjacent to the first sliding rail 8'.
  • the upper end surface of the third sliding rail 13' is disposed at an end adjacent to the second sliding rail 9'.
  • the upper portion of the stepped shaft 22 is placed on the first connecting hole 27 and the third connecting hole 29, and the lower portion of the stepped shaft 22 is placed on the fourth connecting hole 30.
  • the second sliding rail mechanism 12 is provided with a second stopping mechanism for making the second sliding rail and the third sliding rail stable when the second sliding rail and the third sliding rail are relatively unfolded. Specifically, when the second sliding rail and the third sliding rail are relatively unfolded, the second sliding rail is fixed by the second stopping mechanism to fix the second sliding rail side and the third sliding rail lateral side And the third slide rail is in a stable state.
  • the second stopping mechanism includes a pin shaft; a second connecting hole is disposed on a side of the second sliding rail adjacent to one end of the third sliding rail, and the third sliding rail is adjacent to a side of one end of the second sliding rail There is a sixth connection hole. The pin shaft passes through the fifth connecting hole and the sixth connecting hole when the second sliding rail and the third sliding rail are relatively unfolded.
  • the second stop mechanism is disposed at an angle of 90 degrees with the first stop mechanism.
  • the second stop mechanism further includes a second spring 31, and the second spring 31 is mounted on one end of the pin 32.
  • the other end of the pin 32 is adjacent to the first sliding rail 8', and a third inclined surface 33 is disposed.
  • the second sliding rail 9' is adjacent to one end of the third sliding rail 13' and the third sliding rail 13'.
  • One end of the two slide rails 9' is respectively provided with a fifth connecting hole 34 and a sixth connecting hole 35.
  • the pin shaft 32 passes through the fifth connecting hole 34 and the sixth connecting hole 35.
  • the first rail mechanism 4 and the second rail mechanism 12 are contracted, the first rail 8' slides along the surface of the second rail 9' against the third slope 33, and the pin 32 is pushed back to make the second slide The rail 9' slides relative to the third rail 13'.
  • the first rail mechanism 4 and the second rail mechanism 12 are deployed, so that the two shrouds 2 are respectively deployed relative to the two motor blade mechanisms, so that the two motor blade mechanisms are opposite to the main
  • the left and right sides of the cabin 1 are respectively unfolded, and when the first rail 8' is slid outward relative to the second rail 9' as shown in FIG. 7, the second connecting hole 28 and the third connecting hole 29 are vertically corresponding.
  • the stepped shaft 22 of the first stop mechanism is inserted into the second connecting hole 28 and the third connecting hole 29 to expand the first sliding rail 8' and the second sliding rail 9' and is in a stable state, and at the same time, the second The slide rail 9' slides outward relative to the third slide rail 13' to as shown in FIG.
  • the first sliding rail 8' and the second sliding rail 9' are slid together to the third sliding rail. 13', when the first connecting hole 27, the third connecting hole 29, and the fourth connecting hole 30 are positioned up and down, the stepped shaft 22 of the first stopping mechanism passes through the first connecting hole 27, the third connecting hole 29, and The fourth connecting hole 30 completely contracts the first sliding rail mechanism 4 and the second sliding rail mechanism 12, and the motor blade mechanism is accommodated in the space between the two shrouds 2 and the main compartment 1, and the main compartment 1 is fully accommodated. Placed in two shields 2.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the structure of the four-dimensional exploded structure of the retractable UAV of the present invention, which includes all the structures of the third embodiment, and the same structure as that of the third embodiment will not be described again, and the difference is:
  • the example further includes: an unlocking mechanism 36: mounted on the first sliding rail 8' for releasing the first sliding rail mechanism 4 in a deployed state or a contracted state, specifically for releasing the first sliding rail and
  • the second slide rail is in a stable state when it is relatively unfolded, or the stable state in which the first slide rail, the second slide rail, and the third slide rail are relatively contracted.
  • the unlocking mechanism 36 includes a bottom plate 37 , a side of the bottom plate adjacent to the second sliding rail is provided with a push rod, and a side away from the push rod is provided with a first sliding block, the first a side of the slider adjacent to the second sliding rail is provided with a fourth inclined surface corresponding to the position and angle of the first inclined surface, and the hanging end of the pushing rod is provided with a second sliding block, and the second sliding block is adjacent to the second sliding block
  • One side of the two slide rails is provided with a fifth inclined surface corresponding to the position and angle of the second inclined surface.
  • the bottom plate 37 is provided with a long hole 38.
  • the upper surface of the first sliding rail 8' is disposed at a position between the side wall of the shield 2 and the first connecting hole 27, and the bottom plate 37 is provided with the long hole 38.
  • the left and right movements are mounted on the protrusions 39.
  • the front and rear sides of the bottom plate 37 adjacent to the second sliding rails 9' are symmetrically provided with two push rods 40, and the bottom plate 37 between the two push rods 40 is provided with two a first push block 41, a side of the two first push blocks 41 adjacent to the second slide rail 9' is provided with a fourth slope 42 corresponding to the position and angle of the first slope 24, and the suspension of the two push rods 40
  • a second slider 43 is disposed on each of the two ends, and a second slope 44 corresponding to the position and angle of the two second slopes 26 is disposed on a side of the two second sliders 43 adjacent to the second rail 9'.
  • the stepped shaft 22 of the lower portion of the latching pin 19 is placed at the first connection.
  • the hole 27, the third connecting hole 29 and the fourth connecting hole 30 are arranged such that the third sliding rail 13' is disposed on the second sliding rail 9', and the third sliding rail 13' and the second sliding rail 9' are both provided. Yu Di On the slide rail 8', the length of the three-stage slide rail is reduced to the length of the first slide rail 8', and the motor blade mechanism is accommodated in the space between the two shrouds 2 and the main cabin 1, and the main cabin 1 All are housed in the two shields 2; and when the drone is in operation, as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 are schematic diagrams showing a three-dimensional exploded structure and a structure of a contracted state of the retractable UAV of the present invention, including a main cabin 1 of the drone, and the main compartment 1 is closed, and the main compartment 1 is An outer cover 45 having an outer end opening is connected to the left and right sides, and the outer cover 45 is a hollow grille-shaped cover.
  • the cover 2 is respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the outer cover 45.
  • the cover 2 has a hollow grid shape.
  • the net cover is provided with a plurality of meshes 3 thereon.
  • the side of the shroud 2 facing the main compartment 1 is open.
  • Each of the shrouds 2 is slidably connected to a motor blade mechanism by a first type of slide rail mechanism 4, and the motor blade mechanism includes a motor link 5, and the base 6 is disposed on the front and rear portions of the motor link 5, respectively.
  • a motor blade assembly 7 is mounted on each of the two bases 6.
  • the motor blade assembly 7 is an existing product, including a motor and a motor blade. In this embodiment, the motor blade assembly 7 is bolted to the base 6 or through Other connection methods, such as welding, are the scope of this new type of protection.
  • the first slide rail mechanism 4 includes a first slide rail 8" disposed on a side wall of the inner cavity of the shroud 2, the first slide rail 8" being made of a bump having an inverted T-shaped cross section.
  • a portion of the side of the motor link 5 corresponding to the position of the first slide rail 8" is provided with a second slide rail 9", and the second slide rail 9" is composed of a T-shaped upper rail block 46 at the upper portion and a lower rail block at the lower portion.
  • the upper rail block 46 is provided with a first chute 48 having an inverted T-shaped cross section, and the upper rail block 46 is disposed at the upper surface of the lower rail block 47 near the first rail 8", the lower rail block The lower surface of 47 is provided with a second chute 49 having a T-shaped cross section.
  • the first slide rail 8" is slidably disposed in the first sliding slot 48.
  • the upper rail block 46 of the first slide rail 8" and the second slide rail 9" is passed between the shield 2 and the motor link 5 of the motor blade mechanism.
  • the first chutes 48 are slidably coupled together.
  • the two motor blade mechanisms are respectively slidably coupled to the side of the main compartment 1 by a telescopic second rail mechanism 12, and the second rail mechanism 12 includes a lower rail block 47 of the second rail 9" and the second
  • the slide rail 9" position corresponds to a third slide rail 13" disposed on the side wall of the main compartment 1, and the third slide rail 13" is made of a bump having a T-shaped cross section.
  • the second sliding slot 49 of the lower rail block 47 of the second sliding rail 9" is slidably disposed on the third sliding rail 13", and the motor link 5 and the main cabin 1 pass through the second sliding rail 9" and the third sliding rail 13" Sliding together.
  • a motor slide mechanism is slidably connected between the main cabin 1 and the motor blade mechanism.
  • the motor slide rail mechanism includes two fourth slide rails 14 disposed at the front and the rear of the motor link 5 and Two motor slide rails 15 are disposed on the front and rear sides of the side wall of the main compartment 1.
  • the two fourth slide rails 14 and the two motor slide rails 15 are two sets of relatively slidable grooved bump structures. That is, the fourth slide rail 14 has a T-shaped groove structure in cross section, and the motor slide rail 15 is a T-shaped bump structure slidably inserted into the fourth slide rail 14.
  • the motor blade assembly 7 and the main cabin 1 are slidably coupled to the motor slide rail 15 via a fourth slide rail 14.
  • the utility model further comprises an auxiliary slide rail mechanism comprising a first auxiliary slide rail 16 disposed on the front and rear sides of the main cabin 1 and a second auxiliary slide rail 17 disposed on the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the shield 2, the main cabin 1 and the shroud 2 are slidably coupled to the second auxiliary rail 17 by the first auxiliary rail 16 .
  • the first auxiliary slide rail 16 and the second auxiliary slide rail 17 are groove projection structures that are slidably coupled to each other.
  • the first slide rail mechanism 4 is provided with a first stop mechanism in a stable state when it is in the expanded or contracted state
  • the second slide rail mechanism 12 is provided in a stable state when it is in the expanded or contracted state.
  • the second stop mechanism is provided.
  • the first stop mechanism includes a pair of first stop blocks 50 disposed on the front end of the first slide rail 8" and the upper end of the second slide rail 9", and is disposed on the upper surface of the upper rail block 46.
  • a pair of second stop blocks 51 are laterally adjacent to the end of the first rail 8".
  • the second stop mechanism includes a pair of third stop blocks 52 disposed in front of the lower surface of the lower rail block 47, the rear side is adjacent to the end of the third slide rail 13", and the front and rear lower surfaces disposed on the third slide rail A pair of fourth stop blocks 53 near the end of the second rail.
  • the motor blade mechanism is accommodated in the space between the two shrouds 2 and the main cabin 1 when the first rail mechanism 4 and the second rail mechanism 12 are in a contracted state, and the main cabin 1 is accommodated in two In the inner cavity of the shield 2.
  • the first rail mechanism 4 and the second rail mechanism 12 are deployed, so that the two shrouds 2 are respectively deployed relative to the two motor blade mechanisms, so that the two motor blade mechanisms are opposite to the main
  • the left and right sides of the cabin 1 are respectively unfolded.
  • the first sliding rail 8" slides outward relative to the first sliding slot 48 of the upper rail block 46 of the second sliding rail 9" to the maximum limit position at which the two rails remain connected. That is, the pair of first stop blocks 50 of the first stop mechanism and the pair of second stop blocks 51 are stuck to each other to maintain the steady state, while the second sliding slot 49 of the second slide rail 9" is opposite to the third slide.
  • the rail 13" slides outward to the maximum limit position at which the two remain connected, i.e., the pair of third stop blocks 52 of the second stop mechanism and the pair of fourth stop blocks 53 are stuck to each other to maintain a steady state.
  • the fourth slide rail 14 slides outward relative to the motor slide rail 15 to the maximum limit position
  • the second auxiliary slide rail 17 slides outward relative to the first auxiliary slide rail 16 to the maximum limit position, so that no one can
  • the machine performs normal inspection and aerial photography work; when the drone is not working, the first slide rail mechanism 4 and the second slide rail mechanism 12 are contracted, that is, the pair of first stop blocks of the first stop mechanism are first released.
  • the first slide rail 8" is contracted to slide relative to the first sliding slot 48 of the upper rail block 46 of the second slide rail 9", while the second sliding slot 49 of the second slide rail 9" is opposite to the third slide rail 13 "The contraction slides so that the two motor blade mechanisms are housed in the two shrouds 2, while the main compartment 1 of the drone is fully housed in the two shrouds 2, so that the two shrouds 2 merge
  • the main compartment 1 and the two motor blade mechanisms are completely covered, and the two motor blade mechanisms are respectively accommodated in the accommodating space between the main compartment 1 and the two shrouds 2, and the structure is simple and tight. , Easy to operate, can be reduced to maximize the overall volume of the blades and the motor full protection when not in operation, in order to facilitate storage and transport and to provide greater security.
  • FIG. 18 and FIG. 20 are schematic diagrams showing the three-dimensional exploded structure, the unfolded state and the contracted state of the sixth embodiment of the retractable drone of the present invention, including the main cabin 1 of the drone, and the main compartment 1
  • the outer cover 45 is connected to the left and right sides of the main compartment 1 respectively.
  • the outer cover 45 is a hollow grille-shaped cover body, and the cover 2 and the cover are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the outer cover 45.
  • 2 is a hollow grid-like mesh cover having a plurality of mesh holes 3 thereon.
  • the side of the shroud 2 facing the main compartment 1 is open.
  • Each of the shrouds 2 is slidably connected to a motor paddle mechanism through a telescopic first rail mechanism 4, and the motor blade mechanism includes two bases 6, and the motor base paddles 7 are mounted on the two bases 6, respectively.
  • the leaf assembly 7 is an existing product, including a motor and a motor blade.
  • the motor blade assembly 7 is bolted to the base 6, and other connection methods, such as welding, can be used to protect the scope of the present invention. .
  • the first slide rail mechanism 4 includes a first slide rail 8 ′′′ disposed on the upper side wall of the inner wall of the shield 2 , and the first slide rail 8 ′′′ is disposed on the upper side wall of the shield 2 to move left and right. Long chute.
  • the upper surface of the base 6 is provided with a second sliding rail 9''', and the second sliding rail 9"' includes a sliding pin 54 fixed to the upper surface of the base 6, and a rail 55 fixed to the base 6, and the sliding pin 54 is located on the rail On one side of the 55 and near the shroud 2, the upper end of the slide pin 54 is provided with an upper slide pin 56 having a T-shaped cross section.
  • the upper slide pin 56 is slidably disposed on the first slide rail 8'''.
  • the shield 2 and the motor blade mechanism are slidably coupled to the upper slide pin 56 of the second slide rail 9''' by the first slide rail 8'''.
  • the two motor blade mechanisms are respectively slidably coupled to the side of the main compartment 1 by a telescopic second rail mechanism 12, and the second rail mechanism 12 includes a track 55 and a second of the second rail 9''
  • the slide rail 9''' position corresponds to the third slide rail 13"' disposed on the upper side wall of the main compartment 1.
  • the track 55 of the second slide rail 9 ′′′ is slidably disposed in the third slide rail 13 ′′′, and the third slide rail 13 ′′′ has a groove corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the rail 55 , the motor blade mechanism and the main
  • the cabin 1 is slidably coupled to the third rail 13''' via a track 55 of the second rail 9'''.
  • the utility model further comprises an auxiliary slide rail mechanism comprising a first auxiliary slide rail 16 disposed on the front and rear sides of the main cabin 1 and a second auxiliary slide rail 17 disposed on the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the shield 2, the main cabin 1 and the shroud 2 are slidably coupled to the second auxiliary rail 17 by the first auxiliary rail 16 .
  • the first auxiliary slide rail 16 and the second auxiliary slide rail 17 are groove projection structures that are slidably coupled to each other.
  • the auxiliary slide mechanism is provided with a stop mechanism in a stable state when the first slide mechanism 4 and the second slide mechanism 12 are deployed or contracted.
  • the stopping mechanism includes a pair of third stopping blocks 57 disposed on an outer side of the first auxiliary sliding rail 16 near the end of the second auxiliary sliding rail 17, and an outer side of the second auxiliary sliding rail 17 disposed adjacent to the first auxiliary sliding rail
  • a pair of stop grooves 58 at the end of the 16th, the third stop block 57 and the stop groove 58 form a concave-convex snap fit structure.
  • the motor blade mechanism is accommodated in the space between the two shrouds 2 and the main cabin 1 when the first rail mechanism 4 and the second rail mechanism 12 are in a contracted state, and the main cabin 1 is accommodated in two In the inner cavity of the shield 2.
  • the first rail mechanism 4 and the second rail mechanism 12 are deployed, so that the two shields 2 are respectively deployed relative to the two motor blade mechanisms, and the first auxiliary rail 16 and the second auxiliary The slide rails 17 are relatively unfolded, and the motor blade mechanisms are respectively unfolded with respect to the left and right sides of the main cabin 1.
  • the maximum limit position of the first auxiliary slide rail 16 and the second auxiliary slide rail 17 are kept connected, that is, the third stop block 57 and the stop groove 58 are stuck to each other to maintain the steady state.
  • both the first slide rail 8"' and the upper slide pin 56 of the second slide rail 9"' maintain the maximum limit of connection, so that the drone can perform normal inspection and aerial photography work;
  • the first slide rail mechanism 4 and the second rail mechanism 12 are contracted to release the latching state between the third stop block 57 and the stop groove 58, so that the upper slide pin 56 is opposite to the first A slide rail 8"" slides in a contraction while the rail 55 of the second rail 9"" slides in a contracted manner relative to the third rail 13"".
  • first auxiliary slide rail 16 and the second auxiliary slide rail 17 are contracted and sliding, so that the two motor blade mechanisms are accommodated in the two shields 2, and the main cabin 1 of the drone is completely accommodated in two In the shroud 2, the two shrouds 2 are combined to completely cover the main compartment 1 and the two motor blade mechanisms, and the two motor blade mechanisms are respectively accommodated between the main compartment 1 and the two shrouds 2.
  • the structure is simple and compact, and the operation is convenient. When not working, the overall volume and the overall protection of the motor blades can be reduced to facilitate storage and transportation and provide higher safety.
  • the shroud 2 is disposed on the left and right sides of the main compartment 1, and the motor paddle mechanism is connected to each of the shrouds 2 by the telescopic first rail mechanism 4, and each motor blade mechanism passes through the telescopic type second rail mechanism 12
  • the main compartment 1 is connected, so that the motor blade mechanism is accommodated in the space formed by the shield 2 and the main compartment 1 when the first rail mechanism 4 and the second rail mechanism 12 are in a contracted state, and the main compartment 1 is also fully accommodated. It is placed in the inner cavity of the two shields 2, so that the designed structure is simple and compact, and the operation is convenient. When not working, the overall volume and the overall protection of the motor blades can be reduced to facilitate storage, transportation and supply. High security;
  • the design further ensures the main cabin 1, the motor blades and the shield Smooth sliding between 2, easier to operate and safe for storage and transportation;
  • the first stop mechanism and the second stop mechanism are respectively disposed on the first slide rail mechanism 4 and the second slide rail mechanism 12, so that the main cabin 1, the motor blade mechanism and the shield 2 can be ensured. a stable state in the unfolded state, so that the components do not slide;
  • the first sliding rail mechanism 4 and the second sliding rail mechanism 12 can be easily changed from the unfolded stable state to the sliding state, which facilitates the shrinking operation, and has a simple structure and convenient operation.

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  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种可伸缩式无人机，包括主舱（1）以及电机桨叶机构，所述主舱（1）的左、右侧分别设置有护罩（2），所述护罩（2）通过第一滑轨机构（4）滑动连接所述电机桨叶机构，和/或，所述电机桨叶机构通过第二滑轨机构（12）滑动连接所述主舱（1）；所述电机桨叶机构在第一滑轨机构（4）与第二滑轨机构（12）呈收缩状态时容置在护罩（2）与主舱（1）之间的空间内，且所述主舱（1）容置于两个护罩（2）内；从而无人机非工作时能够最大限度地缩小体积并能够全方位防护桨叶，方便存贮及运输，提高安全性。

Description

可伸缩式无人机 技术领域
本发明涉及无人机技术领域，具体涉及一种可伸缩式无人机。
 背景技术
无人机是利用无线电遥控设备和自备程序控制装置操纵的无人驾驶飞行器，目前大多与拍摄设备结合使用，应用于巡查和航拍。现无人机技术在不断进步，应用也越来越广泛，但因其机臂和桨叶需向个方向伸展导致其所占空间过大，不便于存储和运输。为了解决该问题，目前的解决办法是通过折叠来缩小无人机非工作状态下的体积，但这样又无法实现桨叶的全方位保护，因此存在安全隐患。
 技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供一种可伸缩式无人机，其可实现无人机非工作时最大限度的缩小体积和桨叶的全方位防护，以便于存贮及运输和提供更高的安全性。
 技术解决方案
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种可伸缩式无人机，包括主舱以及电机桨叶机构，所述主舱的左、右侧分别设置有护罩，所述护罩通过第一滑轨机构滑动连接所述电机桨叶机构，和/或，所述电机桨叶机构通过第二滑轨机构滑动连接所述主舱；
所述电机桨叶机构在第一滑轨机构与第二滑轨机构呈收缩状态时容置在护罩与主舱之间的空间内，且所述主舱容置于两个护罩内。
 有益效果
采用上述方案后，本发明可伸缩式无人机具有以下有益效果：
1、通过在主舱左、右侧设置护罩，各护罩内通过伸缩型第一滑轨机构连接电机桨叶机构，各电机桨叶机构通过伸缩型第二滑轨机构与主舱连接，使电机桨叶机构在第一、二滑轨机构呈收缩状态时容置在护罩与主舱组成的空间，且主舱也容置于两个护罩内，这样设计的结构简单紧凑、操作方便，在非工作时最大限度的能缩小整体体积和电机桨叶的全方位防护，以便于存贮及运输和提供更高的安全性；
2、通过在主舱与电机桨叶机构之间设置电机滑轨机构、在主舱与护罩之间设置辅助滑轨机构，这样设计进一步保证主舱、电机桨叶机构及护罩之间的滑动平稳性，更便于操作及存贮、运输的安全性；
3、通过在第一滑轨机构及第二滑轨机构上分别设置第一止位机构及第二止位机构，这样设置可以保证主舱、电机桨叶机构及护罩三者在展开状态时的稳固状态，使各部件不滑动；
4、通过设置解锁机构，可以方便将第一滑轨机构、第二滑轨机构从展开的稳固状态变化为滑动状态，方便进行收缩操作，其结构简单，操作方便。
 附图说明
图1为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例一的立体分解结构示意图；
图2为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例一的展开状态结构示意图；
图3为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例二的立体分解结构示意图；
图4为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例二的展开状态结构示意图；
图5为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例三的立体分解结构示意图；
图6为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例三的卡位插销立体结构示意图；
图7为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例三在展开状态时的第一止位机构连接结构示意图；
图8为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例三在收缩状态时的第一止位机构连接结构示意图；
图9为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例三在展开状态时的第二止位机构的俯视连接结构示意图；
图10为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例四的立体分解结构示意图；
图11为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例四的解锁机构立体结构示意图；
图12为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例四在展开状态时的第一止位机构及解锁机构的连接结构示意图；
图13为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例四在收缩状态时的第一止位机构及解锁机构的连接结构示意图；
图14为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例四从展开状态到收缩状态的结构变化示意图；
图15为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例五的立体分解结构示意图；
图16为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例五的收缩状态结构示意图；
图17为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例五的电机桨叶机构立体结构示意图；
图18为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例六的立体分解结构示意图；
图19为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例六的展开状态结构示意图；
图20为本发明可伸缩式无人机实施例六的收缩状态结构示意图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
具体实施方式
下面根据附图所示实施方式阐述本发明。此次公开的实施方式可以认为在所有方面均为例示，不具限制性。本发明的范围不受以下实施方式的说明所限，仅由权利要求书的范围所示，而且包括与权利要求范围具有同样意思及权利要求范围内的所有变形。
如图1所示本发明可伸缩式无人机的实施例一立体分解结构示意图，包括无人机主舱1，主舱1的四周封闭，位于主舱1的左、右侧分别设置有护罩2，护罩2为表面设置有多个网孔3的网罩，护罩2朝向主舱1的一侧为敞口设计。所述护罩2分别通过伸缩型的第一滑轨机构4滑动连接电机桨叶机构，电机桨叶机构包括电机连杆5，电机连杆5上位于前、后部分别设置有底座6，两个底座6上分别安装有电机桨叶组件7，电机桨叶组件7为现有产品，包括电机及电机桨叶，此实施例电机桨叶组件7通过螺栓连接于底座6上，也可以通过其它连接方式，比如焊接等方式均为本实新型保护的范围。
第一滑轨机构4包括设置于护罩2内腔侧壁的第一滑轨8，该第一滑轨8为横截面为倒L形的凸块制成。所述第一滑轨机构包括设置于所述电机桨叶机构上的、与第一滑轨位置对应的的第二滑轨，即电机连杆5的侧面上与第一滑轨8位置对应的部位设有第二滑轨9，第二滑轨9的上部设有横截面为倒L形的第一轨道槽10，其下部设有横截面为L形的第二轨道槽11，第二滑轨9的第一轨道槽10滑动设于第一滑轨8上，护罩2与电机桨叶机构的电机连杆5之间通过第一滑轨8与第二滑轨9的第一轨道槽10滑动连接在一起，该第一滑轨机构4也可以为套接结构。
两个电机桨叶机构分别通过伸缩型的第二滑轨机构12与主舱1的侧面滑动连接在一起，第二滑轨机构12包括第二滑轨9的第二轨道槽11及与第二轨道槽11位置对应的设置于主舱1侧壁的第三滑轨13，第三滑轨13是由横截面为L形的凸块制成。第二滑轨9的第二轨道槽11滑动设于第三滑轨13上，电机桨叶机构的电机连杆5与主舱1通过第二滑轨9的第二轨道槽11与第三滑轨13滑动连接，该第二滑轨机构12也可以为套接结构。
主舱1与电机桨叶机构之间还分别滑动连接有电机滑轨机构，所述电机滑轨机构包括设置于所述电机桨叶机构上的第四滑轨及设置于主舱侧壁的、与所述第四滑轨滑动连接的电机滑轨。优选地，电机滑轨机构包括设置于电机连杆5前、后部的两个第四滑轨14及设置于主舱1侧壁的两个电机滑轨15，此实施例两个第四滑轨14与两个电机滑轨15为两组可相对滑动的凹槽凸块结构，即第四滑轨14为一凹槽结构，电机滑轨15为一可滑动插入第四滑轨14的凸块结构。各电机桨叶组件7与主舱1之间通过第四滑轨14与电机滑轨15滑动连接在一起，第四滑轨14与电机滑轨15也可以为套接结构。
本实施例优选地还包括辅助滑轨机构，辅助滑轨机构包括设置于主舱1前侧和/或后侧的第一辅助滑轨16及设置于护罩2内腔前侧和/或后侧的第二辅助滑轨17，本实施例中第一辅助滑轨16设置于主舱1后侧，第二辅助滑轨17设置于护罩2的内腔后侧，主舱1与护罩2之间通过第一辅助滑轨16与第二辅助滑轨17滑动连接。此实施例中第一辅助滑轨16与第二辅助滑轨17为可相对滑动连接的凹槽凸块结构。
电机桨叶机构在第一滑轨机构4与第二滑轨机构12呈收缩状态时容置在两个护罩2与主舱1之间的空间内，且主舱1全部容置于两个护罩2的内腔中。
结合图2所示，当无人机工作时，将第一滑轨机构4及第二滑轨机构12展开，使两个护罩2相对于两个电机桨叶机构分别展开，使两个电机桨叶机构相对于主舱1左、右侧分别展开，此时，第一滑轨8相对于第二滑轨9的第一轨道槽10向外滑动到二者保持连接的最大极限位，同时将第二滑轨9的第二轨道槽11相对于第三滑轨13向外滑动到二者保持连接的最大极限位，该过程中第四滑轨14会相对电机滑轨15向外滑动到最大极限位，第二辅助滑轨17相对于第一辅助滑轨16向外滑动到最大极限位，这样就可以使无人机进行正常的巡查和航拍工作；而当无人机不工作时，将第一滑轨机构4与第二滑轨机构12收缩，使两个电机桨叶机构容置于两个护罩2内，同时将无人机的主舱1完全容置于两个护罩2内，这样两个护罩2合并将主舱1及两个电机桨叶机构完全罩起来，两个电机桨叶机构分别容置于主舱1与两个护罩2之间的容置空间内，其结构简单紧凑、操作方便，在非工作时最大限度的能缩小整体体积和电机桨叶的全方位防护，以便于存贮及运输和提供更高的安全性。
如图3和图4所示本发明可伸缩式无人机的实施例二立体分解结构示意图及展开状态的结构示意图，包括无人机的主舱1，主舱1的四周封闭，位于主舱1的左、右侧分别设置有护罩2，护罩2为表面设置有多个网孔3的网罩，此实施例中多个网孔3形成轮毂状。护罩2朝向主舱1的一侧及上端均为敞口设计。各护罩2内分别通过伸缩型的第一滑轨机构4滑动连接有电机桨叶机构，电机桨叶机构包括电机连杆5，电机连杆5上位于前、后部分别设置有底座6，两个底座6上分别安装有电机桨叶组件7，电机桨叶组件7为现有产品，包括电机及电机桨叶，此实施例电机桨叶组件7通过螺栓连接于底座6上，也可以通过其它连接方式，比如焊接等方式均为本实新型保护的范围。
第一滑轨机构4包括设置于护罩2内腔侧壁中部的第一滑轨8＇，该第一滑轨8＇由C型槽钢制成。电机连杆5的侧面上与第一滑轨8＇位置对应的部位设有第二滑轨9＇，第二滑轨9＇也是由C型槽钢制成，其横截面尺寸略小于第一滑轨8＇的尺寸，第二滑轨9＇滑动设于第一滑轨8＇上，护罩2与电机桨叶机构的电机连杆5之间通过第一滑轨8＇与第二滑轨9＇滑动连接在一起。
两个电机桨叶机构分别通过伸缩型的第二滑轨机构12与主舱1的侧面滑动连接在一起，第二滑轨机构12包括第二滑轨9＇及与第二滑轨9＇位置对应的设置于主舱1侧壁的第三滑轨13＇，第三滑轨13＇也是由C型槽钢制成。第二滑轨9＇的横截面尺寸略大于第三滑轨13＇的横截机尺寸。第二滑轨9＇滑动设于第三滑轨13＇上，电机连杆5与主舱1通过第二滑轨9＇与第三滑轨13＇滑动连接在一起。
主舱1与电机桨叶机构之间还分别滑动连接有电机滑轨机构，电机滑轨机构包括设置于电机桨叶组件7前、后部的两个第四滑轨14及设置于主舱1侧壁的两个电机滑轨15，此实施例中两个第四滑轨14与两个电机滑轨15为可相对滑动的两组凹槽凸块结构，即第四滑轨14为一凹槽结构，电机滑轨15为一可滑动插入第四滑轨14的凸块结构。各电机桨叶组件7与主舱1之间通过第四滑轨14与电机滑轨15滑动连接在一起，第四滑轨14与电机滑轨15也可以为套接结构。
本实施例优选地还包括辅助滑轨机构，辅助滑轨机构包括设置于主舱1前侧和/或后侧的第一辅助滑轨16＇及设置于护罩2内腔前侧和/或后侧的第二辅助滑轨17＇，本实施例中第一辅助滑轨16＇设置于主舱1前侧，第二辅助滑轨17＇设置于护罩2的内腔前侧，主舱1与护罩2之间通过第一辅助滑轨16＇与第二辅助滑轨17＇滑动连接在一起。此实施例中第一辅助滑轨16＇与第二辅助滑轨17＇为可相对滑动连接的C型槽钢结构。
电机桨叶机构在第一滑轨机构4与第二滑轨机构12呈收缩状态时容置在两个护罩2与主舱1之间的空间内，且主舱1全部容置于两个护罩2的内腔中。
本实施例的使用方式及过程与上述实施例一的使用方式及过程基本相同，此处不再赘述，其同样设计的结构简单紧凑、操作方便，在非工作时最大限度的能缩小整体体积和电机桨叶的全方位防护，以便于存贮及运输和提供更高的安全性。
如图5所示本发明可伸缩式无人机的实施例三立体分解结构示意图，其大部分结构与上述图3所述实施例二的结构相同，包括无人机的主舱1，主舱1的四周封闭，位于主舱1的左、右侧分别设置有护罩2，护罩2为表面设置有多个网孔3的网罩，此实施例中多个网孔3形成轮毂状。护罩2朝向主舱1的一侧及上端均为敞口设计。各护罩2内分别通过伸缩型的第一滑轨机构4滑动连接有电机桨叶机构，电机桨叶机构包括电机连杆5，电机连杆5上位于前、后部分别设置有底座6，两个底座6上分别安装有电机桨叶组件7，电机桨叶组件7为现有产品，包括电机及电机桨叶，此实施例电机桨叶组件7通过螺栓连接于底座6上，也可以通过其它连接方式，比如焊接等方式均为本实新型保护的范围。
第一滑轨机构4包括设置于护罩2内腔侧壁中部的第一滑轨8＇，该第一滑轨8＇由C型槽钢制成。电机连杆5的侧面上与第一滑轨8＇位置对应的部位设有第二滑轨9＇，第二滑轨9＇也是由C型槽钢制成，其横截面尺寸略小于第一滑轨8＇的尺寸，第二滑轨9＇滑动设于第一滑轨8＇上，护罩2与电机桨叶机构的电机连杆5之间通过第一滑轨8＇与第二滑轨9＇滑动连接在一起。
两个电机桨叶机构分别通过伸缩型的第二滑轨机构12与主舱1的侧面滑动连接在一起，第二滑轨机构12包括第二滑轨9＇及与第二滑轨9＇位置对应的设置于主舱1侧壁的第三滑轨13＇，第三滑轨13＇也是由C型槽钢制成。第二滑轨9＇的横截面尺寸略大于第三滑轨13＇的横截机尺寸。第二滑轨9＇滑动设于第三滑轨13＇上，电机连杆5与主舱1通过第二滑轨9＇与第三滑轨13＇滑动连接在一起。
主舱1与电机桨叶机构之间还分别滑动连接有电机滑轨机构，电机滑轨机构包括设置于电机桨叶组件7前、后部的两个第四滑轨14及设置于主舱1侧壁的两个电机滑轨15，此实施例中两个第四滑轨14与两个电机滑轨15为两组可相对滑动的凹槽凸块结构，即第四滑轨14为一凹槽结构，电机滑轨15为一可滑动插入第四滑轨14的凸块结构。各电机桨叶组件7与主舱1之间通过第四滑轨14与电机滑轨15滑动连接在一起，第四滑轨14与电机滑轨15也可以为套接结构。
本实施例优选地还包括辅助滑轨机构，辅助滑轨机构包括设置于主舱1前侧和/或后侧的第一辅助滑轨16＇及设置于护罩2内腔前侧和/或后侧的第二辅助滑轨（图中未示出），本实施例中第一辅助滑轨16＇设置于主舱1前侧，第二辅助滑轨设置于护罩2的内腔前侧，主舱1与护罩2之间通过第一辅助滑轨16＇与第二辅助滑轨滑动连接在一起。此实施例中第一辅助滑轨16＇与第二辅助滑轨为可相对滑动连接的C型槽钢结构。
本实施例中，第一滑轨机构4上设有第一止位机构，用于当所述第一滑轨以及第二滑轨相对展开时，使得所述第一滑轨以及第二滑轨呈稳固状态，或当所述第一滑轨、第二滑轨以及第三滑轨相对收缩，使得所述第一滑轨、第二滑轨以及第三滑轨呈稳固状态。具体的，当所述第一滑轨以及第二滑轨相对展开时，通过所述第一止位机构固定所述第一滑轨上端面以及第二滑轨上端面的方式使得所述第一滑轨以及第二滑轨呈稳固状态，或当所述第一滑轨、第二滑轨以及第三滑轨相对收缩时，通过所述第一止位机构固定所述第一滑轨上端面、第二滑轨上端面以及第三滑轨上端面的方式使得所述第一滑轨、第二滑轨以及第三滑轨呈稳固状态。
第一止位机构包括连接于电机连杆5一侧的中空安装套18，安装套18内安装有卡位插销19，所述卡位插销的下部为阶梯轴，当所述第一滑轨机构与第二滑轨机构相对展开时，所述阶梯轴穿置在第一滑轨上端面和第二滑轨上端面上，所述第一滑轨、第二滑轨以及第三滑轨相对收缩时，所述阶梯轴穿置在第一滑轨上端面、第二滑轨上端面及第三滑轨上端面上。
结合图6所示，卡位插销19的上部为圆轴20，该圆轴20上安装第一弹簧21，卡位插销19的下部为阶梯轴22，阶梯轴22的上部横截面尺寸大于下部横截面尺寸。卡位插销19的中部设有第一限位块23，该第一限位块23的横截面尺寸大于圆轴20及阶梯轴22的横截面尺寸。第一限位块23上靠近第一滑轨8＇的一侧设有向第二滑轨9＇下方倾斜的第一斜面24，第一限位块23的前、后侧上部靠近第一滑轨8＇的方向设有两个第二限位块25，两个第二限位块25上靠近第一滑轨8＇的一侧分别设有向第二滑轨9＇下方倾斜的第二斜面26。
结合图7和图8所示，第一滑轨8＇上端面上、远离第二滑轨9＇及靠近第二滑轨9＇的两端分别设有第一连接孔27和第二连接孔28，第二滑轨9＇上端面上、靠近第一滑轨8＇的一端设有第三连接孔29，第三滑轨13＇上端面上、靠近第二滑轨9＇的一端设有第四连接孔30，当第一滑轨机构4与第二滑轨机构12相对展开时，阶梯轴22穿置在第二连接孔28和第三连接孔29上，当第一滑轨机构4与第二滑轨机构12相对收缩时，阶梯轴22的上部穿置在第一连接孔27和第三连接孔29上，阶梯轴22的下部穿置在第四连接孔30上。
第二滑轨机构12上设有第二止位机构，用于当所述第二滑轨以及第三滑轨相对展开时，使得所述第二滑轨以及第三滑轨呈稳固状态。具体的，当所述第二滑轨以及第三滑轨相对展开时，通过所述第二止位机构固定所述第二滑轨侧面以及第三滑轨侧面的方式使得所述第二滑轨以及第三滑轨呈稳固状态。所述第二止位机构包括销轴；所述第二滑轨靠近第三滑轨的一端的侧面上设有第五连接孔，所述第三滑轨靠近第二滑轨的一端的侧面上设有第六连接孔。当所述第二滑轨以及第三滑轨相对展开时，所述销轴穿过第五连接孔和第六连接孔。
第二止位机构的设置位置与第一止位机构呈90度的夹角，结合图9所示，第二止位机构还包括第二弹簧31，第二弹簧31安装于销轴32的一端，销轴32的另一端靠近第一滑轨8＇的一侧设有第三斜面33，第二滑轨9＇上靠近第三滑轨13＇的一端及第三滑轨13＇上靠近第二滑轨9＇的一端分别设有第五连接孔34和第六连接孔35，当第二滑轨机构12展开时，销轴32穿过第五连接孔34和第六连接孔35，当第一滑轨机构4与第二滑轨机构12收缩时，第一滑轨8＇沿第二滑轨9＇表面滑动抵在第三斜面33上，销轴32被顶回，使第二滑轨9＇与第三滑轨13＇相对滑动。
当无人机工作时，将第一滑轨机构4及第二滑轨机构12展开，使两个护罩2相对于两个电机桨叶机构分别展开，使两个电机桨叶机构相对于主舱1左、右侧分别展开，当第一滑轨8＇相对于第二滑轨9＇向外滑动到如图7中所示，即第二连接孔28与第三连接孔29上下对应的位置处，通过第一止位机构的阶梯轴22插入第二连接孔28与第三连接孔29内使第一滑轨8＇与第二滑轨9＇展开且呈稳固状态，同时将第二滑轨9＇相对于第三滑轨13＇向外滑动到如图9中所示，即第三滑轨13＇的第六连接孔35与第二滑轨9＇上的第五连接孔34上下对应的位置处，通过第二止位机构的销轴32插入第五连接孔34与第六连接孔35内使第二滑轨9＇与第三滑轨13＇展开且呈稳固状态，即该无人机可以正常工作；而当无人机不工作时，通过外力使第一止位机构的阶梯轴22脱离第三连接孔29，推动第一滑轨8＇，使第一滑轨8＇相对于第二滑轨9＇滑动，而第一滑轨8＇在滑动过程至销轴32的位置处，会抵在销轴32的第三斜面33上，使销轴32脱离第五连接孔34从而使第二滑轨9＇相对第三滑轨13＇滑动，将第一滑轨8＇、第二滑轨9＇一同滑至第三滑轨13＇上，当第一连接孔27、第三连接孔29及第四连接孔30位置上下对应时，第一止位机构的阶梯轴22穿过第一连接孔27、第三连接孔29及第四连接孔30将第一滑轨机构4、第二滑轨机构12全部收缩，电机桨叶机构容置在两个护罩2与主舱1之间的空间内，且主舱1全部容置于两个护罩2内。
如图10所示本发明可伸缩式无人机的实施例四立体分解结构示意图，其包括上述实施例三的所有结构，与实施例三相同的结构不再赘述，不同之处是：该实施例还包括：解锁机构36：安装于第一滑轨8＇上，用于将第一滑轨机构4在展开状态或收缩状态时解除其稳固状态，具体用于解除所述第一滑轨以及第二滑轨相对展开时所处的稳固状态，或解除所述第一滑轨、第二滑轨以及第三滑轨相对收缩时所处的稳固状态。
结合图11所示，该解锁机构36包括底板37，所述底板上靠近第二滑轨的一侧设有推杆，远离所述推杆的一侧设有第一滑块，所述第一滑块上靠近第二滑轨的一侧设有与第一斜面位置、角度对应的第四斜面，所述推杆的悬置端设有第二滑块，所述第二滑块上靠近第二滑轨的一侧设有与第二斜面位置、角度对应的第五斜面。
具体的，底板37上设置有长孔38，第一滑轨8＇的上表面位于护罩2侧壁与第一连接孔27之间的位置设置有凸块39，底板37通过长孔38可左右移动的安装于凸块39上，底板37上靠近第二滑轨9＇的一侧前、后部对称设有两个推杆40，两个推杆40之间的底板37上设置有两个第一推块41，两个第一推块41上靠近第二滑轨9＇的一侧设有与第一斜面24位置、角度对应的第四斜面42，两个推杆40的悬置端分别设有第二滑块43，两个第二滑块43上靠近第二滑轨9＇的一侧设有与两个第二斜面26位置、角度对应的第五斜面44。
结合图14所示，当无人机工作时，第一滑轨机构4及第二滑轨机构12呈展开状态，当其不工作时，将解锁机构36沿长孔38内移动，参考图12所示，将解锁机构36的第二滑块43的第五斜面44与卡位插销19的第二限位块25上的第二斜面26贴合，之后推动解锁机构36，使卡位插销19脱离第二滑轨9＇的第三连接孔29，推动第一滑轨8＇，使第一滑轨8＇相对于第二滑轨9＇表面滑动，当第一滑轨8＇触碰到第二止位机构的销轴32上的第三斜面33时，销轴32的下端脱离第二滑轨9＇的第五连接孔34，第一滑轨8＇与第二滑轨9＇一同沿第三滑轨13＇的表面滑动，当第一连接孔27、第三连接孔29及第四连接孔30上下对应且相通时，卡位插销19下部的阶梯轴22穿置在第一连接孔27、第三连接孔29及第四连接孔30上，这样就使第三滑轨13＇设于第二滑轨9＇上，第三滑轨13＇、第二滑轨9＇均设于第一滑轨8＇上，使三段滑轨的长度缩成第一滑轨8＇的长度，电机桨叶机构容置在两个护罩2与主舱1之间的空间内，且主舱1全部容置于两个护罩2内；而当无人机工作时，参考图13所示，通过解锁机构36的第一滑块41上的第四斜面42与卡位插销19的第一限位块23上的第一斜面24贴合，之后推动解锁机构36，使卡位插销19的阶梯轴22下端脱离第三滑轨13＇上的第四连接孔30，从而使第一滑轨8＇、第二滑轨9＇相对第三滑轨13＇滑动并向外展开，直至第二止位机构的销轴32插入第五连接孔34与第六连接孔35内使第二滑轨9＇与第三滑轨13＇展开且呈稳固状态，而第一滑轨8＇与第二滑轨9＇通过解锁机构的解锁同样展开，使第一止位机构的阶梯轴22插入第二连接孔28与第三连接孔29内使第一滑轨8＇与第二滑轨9＇展开且呈稳固状态，即该无人机可以正常工作。
如图15、图16所示本发明可伸缩式无人机的实施例五立体分解结构示意图及收缩状态结构示意图，包括无人机的主舱1，主舱1的四周封闭，主舱1的左、右侧分别连接有外侧端敞口的外罩45，外罩45为镂空格栅状的罩体，在外罩45的左、右侧分别设置有护罩2，护罩2为有镂空格栅状网罩，其上设有多个网孔3。护罩2朝向主舱1的一侧为敞口设计。各护罩2内分别通过伸缩型的第一滑轨机构4滑动连接有电机桨叶机构，电机桨叶机构包括电机连杆5，电机连杆5上位于前、后部分别设置有底座6，两个底座6上分别安装有电机桨叶组件7，电机桨叶组件7为现有产品，包括电机及电机桨叶，此实施例电机桨叶组件7通过螺栓连接于底座6上，也可以通过其它连接方式，比如焊接等方式均为本实新型保护的范围。
第一滑轨机构4包括设置于护罩2内腔侧壁的第一滑轨8"，该第一滑轨8"由横截面为倒T形的凸块制成。电机连杆5的侧面上与第一滑轨8"位置对应的部位设有第二滑轨9"，第二滑轨9"由位于上部的T形上轨块46和位于下部的下轨块47连接构成，上轨块46上设有横截面为倒T形的第一滑槽48，上轨块46设于下轨块47上表面靠近第一滑轨8"的端部，下轨块47的下表面设有横截面为T形的第二滑槽49。第一滑轨8"滑动设于第一滑槽48内。护罩2与电机桨叶机构的电机连杆5之间通过第一滑轨8"与第二滑轨9"的上轨块46的第一滑槽48滑动连接在一起。
两个电机桨叶机构分别通过伸缩型的第二滑轨机构12与主舱1的侧面滑动连接在一起，第二滑轨机构12包括第二滑轨9"的下轨块47及与第二滑轨9"位置对应的设置于主舱1侧壁的第三滑轨13"，第三滑轨13"是由横截面为T形的凸块制成。第二滑轨9"的下轨块47的第二滑槽49滑动设于第三滑轨13"上，电机连杆5与主舱1通过第二滑轨9"与第三滑轨13"滑动连接在一起。
主舱1与电机桨叶机构之间还分别滑动连接有电机滑轨机构，结合图17所示，电机滑轨机构包括设置于电机连杆5前、后部的两个第四滑轨14及设置于主舱1侧壁前、后部的两个电机滑轨15，此实施例中两个第四滑轨14与两个电机滑轨15为两组可相对滑动的凹槽凸块结构，即第四滑轨14为一横截面为T形槽结构，电机滑轨15为一可滑动插入第四滑轨14的T形凸块结构。各电机桨叶组件7与主舱1之间通过第四滑轨14与电机滑轨15滑动连接在一起。
还包括辅助滑轨机构，辅助滑轨机构包括设置于主舱1前、后侧的第一辅助滑轨16及设置于护罩2内腔前、后侧的第二辅助滑轨17，主舱1与护罩2之间通过第一辅助滑轨16与第二辅助滑轨17滑动连接在一起。此实施例中第一辅助滑轨16与第二辅助滑轨17为可相对滑动连接的凹槽凸块结构。
本实施例中，第一滑轨机构4上设有在其展开或收缩状态时呈稳固状态的第一止位机构，第二滑轨机构12上设有在其展开或收缩状态时呈稳固状态的第二止位机构。
第一止位机构包括设置于第一滑轨8"前、后侧上端靠近第二滑轨9"端部的一对第一止位块50、及设置于上轨块46上表面前、后侧靠近第一滑轨8"端部的一对第二止位块51。
第二止位机构包括设置于下轨块47下表面前、后侧靠近第三滑轨13"端部的一对第三止位块52、及设置于第三滑轨前、后侧下表面靠近第二滑轨端部的一对第四止位块53。
电机桨叶机构在第一滑轨机构4与第二滑轨机构12呈收缩状态时容置在两个护罩2与主舱1之间的空间内，且主舱1全部容置于两个护罩2的内腔中。
当无人机工作时，将第一滑轨机构4及第二滑轨机构12展开，使两个护罩2相对于两个电机桨叶机构分别展开，使两个电机桨叶机构相对于主舱1左、右侧分别展开，此时，第一滑轨8"相对于第二滑轨9"的上轨块46的第一滑槽48向外滑动到二者保持连接的最大极限位，即第一止位机构的一对第一止位块50与一对第二止位块51相互卡住保持稳态，同时将第二滑轨9"的第二滑槽49相对于第三滑轨13"向外滑动到二者保持连接的最大极限位，即第二止位机构的一对第三止位块52与一对第四止位块53相互卡住保持稳态。该过程中第四滑轨14会相对电机滑轨15向外滑动到最大极限位，第二辅助滑轨17相对于第一辅助滑轨16向外滑动到最大极限位，这样就可以使无人机进行正常的巡查和航拍工作；而当无人机不工作时，将第一滑轨机构4与第二滑轨机构12收缩，即先解除第一止位机构的一对第一止位块50与一对第二止位块51之间的卡锁状态，并解除第二止位机构的一对第三止位块52与一对第四止位块53之间的卡锁状态，使第一滑轨8"相对于第二滑轨9"的上轨块46的第一滑槽48呈收缩滑动，同时将第二滑轨9"的第二滑槽49相对于第三滑轨13"呈收缩滑动，使两个电机桨叶机构容置于两个护罩2内，同时将无人机的主舱1完全容置于两个护罩2内，这样两个护罩2合并将主舱1及两个电机桨叶机构完全罩起来，两个电机桨叶机构分别容置于主舱1与两个护罩2之间的容置空间内，其结构简单紧凑、操作方便，在非工作时最大限度的能缩小整体体积和电机桨叶的全方位防护，以便于存贮及运输和提供更高的安全性。
如图18、图19及图20所示本发明可伸缩式无人机的实施例六的立体分解结构示意图、展开状态及收缩状态结构示意图，包括无人机的主舱1，主舱1的四周封闭，主舱1的左、右侧分别连接有外侧端敞口的外罩45，外罩45为镂空格栅状的罩体，在外罩45的左、右侧分别设置有护罩2，护罩2为有镂空格栅状网罩，其上设有多个网孔3。护罩2朝向主舱1的一侧为敞口设计。各护罩2内分别通过伸缩型的第一滑轨机构4滑动连接有电机桨叶机构，电机桨叶机构包括两个底座6，两个底座6上分别安装有电机桨叶组件7，电机桨叶组件7为现有产品，包括电机及电机桨叶，此实施例电机桨叶组件7通过螺栓连接于底座6上，也可以通过其它连接方式，比如焊接等方式均为本实新型保护的范围。
第一滑轨机构4包括设置于护罩2内腔上侧壁的第一滑轨8’’’，该第一滑轨8’’’为设置于护罩2内腔上侧壁可左右移动的长滑槽。底座6的上表面设有第二滑轨9’’’，第二滑轨9’’’包括固定于底座6上表面的下滑销54及固定在底座6上的轨道55，下滑销54位于轨道55的一侧且靠近护罩2的部位，下滑销54的上端设置有横截面为T形的上滑销56。上滑销56滑动设于第一滑轨8’’’上。护罩2与电机桨叶机构之间通过第一滑轨8’’’与第二滑轨9’’’的上滑销56滑动连接在一起。
两个电机桨叶机构分别通过伸缩型的第二滑轨机构12与主舱1的侧面滑动连接在一起，第二滑轨机构12包括第二滑轨9’’’的轨道55及与第二滑轨9’’’位置对应的设置于主舱1上侧壁的第三滑轨13’’’。第二滑轨9’’’的轨道55滑动设于第三滑轨13’’’内，第三滑轨13’’’具有与轨道55横截面形状对应的凹槽，电机桨叶机构与主舱1通过第二滑轨9’’’的轨道55与第三滑轨13’’’滑动连接在一起。
还包括辅助滑轨机构，辅助滑轨机构包括设置于主舱1前、后侧的第一辅助滑轨16及设置于护罩2内腔前、后侧的第二辅助滑轨17，主舱1与护罩2之间通过第一辅助滑轨16与第二辅助滑轨17滑动连接在一起。此实施例中第一辅助滑轨16与第二辅助滑轨17为可相对滑动连接的凹槽凸块结构。
本实施例中，辅助滑轨机构上设有在第一滑轨机构4、第二滑轨机构12展开或收缩状态时呈稳固状态的止位机构。止位机构包括设置于第一辅助滑轨16外侧面靠近第二辅助滑轨17端部的一对第三止位块57、及设置于第二辅助滑轨17外侧面靠近第一辅助滑轨16端部的一对止位槽58，第三止位块57与止位槽58形成凹凸卡扣配合结构。
电机桨叶机构在第一滑轨机构4与第二滑轨机构12呈收缩状态时容置在两个护罩2与主舱1之间的空间内，且主舱1全部容置于两个护罩2的内腔中。
当无人机工作时，将第一滑轨机构4及第二滑轨机构12展开，使两个护罩2相对于两个电机桨叶机构分别展开，第一辅助滑轨16与第二辅助滑轨17相对展开，电机桨叶机构相对于主舱1的左、右侧分别展开。此时第一辅助滑轨16与第二辅助滑轨17二者保持连接的最大极限位，即第三止位块57与止位槽58相互卡住保持稳态。同时，第一滑轨8’’’和第二滑轨9’’’的上滑销56二者保持连接的最大极限位，这样就可以使无人机进行正常的巡查和航拍工作；而当无人机不工作时，将第一滑轨机构4和第二滑轨机构12收缩，解除第三止位块57和止位槽58之间的卡锁状态，使上滑销56相对于第一滑轨8’’’的呈收缩滑动，同时第二滑轨9’’’的轨道55相对于第三滑轨13’’’上呈收缩滑动。并且第一辅助滑轨16与第二辅助滑轨17呈收缩滑动，使两个电机桨叶机构容置于两个护罩2内，同时将无人机的主舱1完全容置于两个护罩2内，这样两个护罩2合并将主舱1及两个电机桨叶机构完全罩起来，两个电机桨叶机构分别容置于主舱1与两个护罩2之间的容置空间内，其结构简单紧凑、操作方便，在非工作时最大限度的能缩小整体体积和电机桨叶的全方位防护，以便于存贮及运输和提供更高的安全性。
上述六个实施例总结有以下优点：
1、通过在主舱1左、右侧设置护罩2，各护罩2内通过伸缩型第一滑轨机构4连接电机桨叶机构，各电机桨叶机构通过伸缩型第二滑轨机构12与主舱1连接，使电机桨叶机构在第一滑轨机构4、第二滑轨机构12呈收缩状态时容置在护罩2与主舱1组成的空间，且主舱1也完全容置于两个护罩2的内腔，这样设计的结构简单紧凑、操作方便，在非工作时最大限度的能缩小整体体积和电机桨叶的全方位防护，以便于存贮及运输和提供更高的安全性；
2、通过在主舱1与电机桨叶机构之间设置电机滑轨机构、在主舱1与护罩2之间设置辅助滑轨机构，这样设计进一步保证主舱1、电机桨叶及护罩2之间的滑动平稳性，更便于操作及存贮、运输的安全性；
3、通过在第一滑轨机构4及第二滑轨机构12上分别设置第一止位机构及第二止位机构，这样设置可以保证主舱1、电机桨叶机构及护罩2三者在展开状态时的稳固状态，使各部件不滑动；
4、通过设置解锁机构，可以方便将第一滑轨机构4、第二滑轨机构12从展开的稳固状态变化为滑动状态，方便进行收缩操作，其结构简单，操作方便。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本发明的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本发明的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本发明的一般性原理并包括未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本发明的真正范围和精神由下面的权利要求指出。
应当理解的是，本发明并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本发明的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种可伸缩式无人机，包括主舱以及电机桨叶机构，其特征在于，所述主舱的左、右侧分别设置有护罩，所述护罩通过第一滑轨机构滑动连接所述电机桨叶机构，和/或，所述电机桨叶机构通过第二滑轨机构滑动连接所述主舱；
    所述电机桨叶机构在第一滑轨机构与第二滑轨机构呈收缩状态时容置在护罩与主舱之间的空间内，且所述主舱容置于两个护罩内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，所述第一滑轨机构包括设置于护罩内腔侧壁的第一滑轨，所述第一滑轨机构包括设置于所述电机桨叶机构上的、与第一滑轨位置对应的第二滑轨；所述第一滑轨与第二滑轨滑动连接，由此使得所述护罩与电机桨叶机构滑动连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，所述第二滑轨机构还包括设置于主舱侧壁的、与第二滑轨位置对应的第三滑轨；所述第二滑轨与第三滑轨滑动连接，由此使得所述电机桨叶机构与主舱滑动连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，所述可伸缩式无人机还包括电机滑轨机构，且所述电机滑轨机构包括设置于所述电机桨叶机构上的第四滑轨及设置于主舱侧壁的、与所述第四滑轨滑动连接的电机滑轨。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，所述可伸缩式无人机还包括辅助滑轨机构，且所述辅助滑轨机构包括设置于主舱前侧和/或后侧的第一辅助滑轨及对应设置于护罩内腔前侧和/或后侧的第二辅助滑轨，所述主舱与护罩之间通过第一辅助滑轨与第二辅助滑轨滑动连接。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，所述可伸缩式无人机还包括：第一止位机构，其用于当所述第一滑轨以及第二滑轨相对展开时，使得所述第一滑轨以及第二滑轨呈稳固状态，或当所述第一滑轨、第二滑轨以及第三滑轨相对收缩，使得所述第一滑轨、第二滑轨以及第三滑轨呈稳固状态。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，当所述第一滑轨以及第二滑轨相对展开时，通过所述第一止位机构固定所述第一滑轨上端面以及第二滑轨上端面的方式使得所述第一滑轨以及第二滑轨呈稳固状态，或当所述第一滑轨、第二滑轨以及第三滑轨相对收缩时，通过所述第一止位机构固定所述第一滑轨上端面、第二滑轨上端面以及第三滑轨上端面的方式使得所述第一滑轨、第二滑轨以及第三滑轨呈稳固状态。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，所述第一止位机构包括连接于电机连杆一侧的中空安装套，所述安装套内安装有卡位插销，所述卡位插销的下部为阶梯轴；
    当所述第一滑轨机构与第二滑轨机构相对展开时，所述阶梯轴穿置在第一滑轨上端面和第二滑轨上端面上，所述第一滑轨、第二滑轨以及第三滑轨相对收缩时，所述阶梯轴穿置在第一滑轨上端面、第二滑轨上端面及第三滑轨上端面上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，所述阶梯轴的上部横截面尺寸大于下部横截面尺寸，所述第一滑轨上端面上、远离第二滑轨及靠近第二滑轨的两端分别设有第一连接孔和第二连接孔；所述第二滑轨上端面上、靠近第一滑轨的一端设有第三连接孔；所述第三滑轨上端面上、靠近第二滑轨的一端设有第四连接孔； 
    当所述第一滑轨机构与第二滑轨机构相对展开时，所述阶梯轴的上部穿置在第二连接孔和第三连接孔上，所述第一滑轨、第二滑轨以及第三滑轨相对收缩时，所述阶梯轴的上部穿置在第一连接孔和第三连接孔上，所述阶梯轴的下部穿置在第四连接孔上。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，所述卡位插销的上部安装有第一弹簧，所述卡位插销中部设有第一限位块，所述第一限位块上靠近第一滑轨的一侧设有向第二滑轨下方倾斜的第一斜面，所述第一限位块的前、后侧上部靠近第一滑轨的方向设有两个第二限位块，两个所述第二限位块上靠近第一滑轨的一侧分别设有向第二滑轨下方倾斜的第二斜面。
    11. 根据权利要求3所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，所述可伸缩式无人机还包括：第二止位机构，其用于当所述第二滑轨以及第三滑轨相对展开时，使得所述第二滑轨以及第三滑轨呈稳固状态。
    12. 根据权利要求11所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，当所述第二滑轨以及第三滑轨相对展开时，通过所述第二止位机构固定所述第二滑轨侧面以及第三滑轨侧面的方式使得所述第二滑轨以及第三滑轨呈稳固状态。
    13. 根据权利要求12所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，所述第二止位机构包括销轴；所述第二滑轨靠近第三滑轨的一端的侧面上设有第五连接孔，所述第三滑轨靠近第二滑轨的一端的侧面上设有第六连接孔；
    当所述第二滑轨以及第三滑轨相对展开时，所述销轴穿过第五连接孔和第六连接孔。
    14. 根据权利要求13所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，所述第二止位机构还包括安装于销轴一端的第二弹簧，所述销轴另一端靠近第一滑轨的一侧设有第三斜面；当所述第一滑轨机构与第二滑轨机构相对收缩时，所述第一滑轨沿第二滑轨表面滑动抵在第三斜面上，由此使得第二滑轨与第三滑轨相对滑动。
    15. 根据权利要求10所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，所述伸缩式无人机还包括：解锁机构，其用于解除所述第一滑轨以及第二滑轨相对展开时所处的稳固状态，或解除所述第一滑轨、第二滑轨以及第三滑轨相对收缩时所处的稳固状态。
    16. 根据权利要求15所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，所述解锁机构包括底板，所述底板上靠近第二滑轨的一侧设有推杆，远离所述推杆的一侧设有第一滑块；
    所述第一滑块上靠近第二滑轨的一侧设有与第一斜面位置、角度对应的第四斜面，所述推杆的悬置端设有第二滑块，所述第二滑块上靠近第二滑轨的一侧设有与第二斜面位置、角度对应的第五斜面。
    17. 根据权利要求5所述的可伸缩式无人机，其特征在于，所述辅助滑轨机构上设有在第一滑轨机构、第二滑轨机构相对展开或相对收缩状态时呈稳固状态的止位机构。
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