WO2018103264A1 - 三维典型机加工艺设计方法及装置 - Google Patents

三维典型机加工艺设计方法及装置 Download PDF

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WO2018103264A1
WO2018103264A1 PCT/CN2017/083472 CN2017083472W WO2018103264A1 WO 2018103264 A1 WO2018103264 A1 WO 2018103264A1 CN 2017083472 W CN2017083472 W CN 2017083472W WO 2018103264 A1 WO2018103264 A1 WO 2018103264A1
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model
typical
design
feature
dimensional
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PCT/CN2017/083472
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张红旗
程五四
陈兴玉
张祥祥
陈帝江
周红桥
胡祥涛
田富君
魏一雄
苏建军
孙宁
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中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所
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Priority to JP2019523024A priority Critical patent/JP6790261B2/ja
Publication of WO2018103264A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018103264A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
    • G05B19/4099—Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
    • G05B2219/35134—3-D cad-cam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of three-dimensional machining process design method, in particular to a three-dimensional typical machining process design method and device.
  • the machining process design of the product parts has received great attention from the enterprise due to its complexity and importance to the quality of the product manufacturing.
  • the three-dimensional machining process of the product parts The document can provide intuitive visual processing guidance for the manufacturing process of the product, which is very favored by the enterprise craftsman and the on-site processing workers.
  • the three-dimensional machining process design has higher requirements for the process designer and is more difficult to make, especially three-dimensional.
  • the typical machine-added process is not well applied in the enterprise. The reason is that the 3D typical machine plus process file uses the 3D model as the information carrier, and all the process information in the process is stored in the 3D model in a structured form.
  • the three-dimensional typical machine-added process design method in the prior art is generally based on the CAPP system's machine-added process file process retrieval and file management, and favors the management of process knowledge.
  • the similarity judgment is used to quickly generate
  • There are few researches on the machining process files of new typical parts which makes it necessary for enterprises to re-design the new typical parts in three-dimensional machining process, or can only learn from a small part of the process content, such as the process tree structure and information content.
  • the technique has the following disadvantages: First, there are many researches on the three-dimensional machine-added process design method, but based on the design model of the typical part and the three-dimensional typical machine-added process model, how to quickly generate a three-dimensional machine-added process model of a new typical part with high similarity, There are few studies, no patents or other intellectual property achievements, and they cannot be widely used. Second, there is no corresponding three-dimensional typical machining.
  • the art design method makes the 3D process design technology of the enterprise inefficient, and cannot directly use the 3D typical machine plus process, resulting in waste of personnel and time.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional typical machining process design method and apparatus to solve the technical problem of low efficiency of three-dimensional machining process design of typical parts in the prior art.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a three-dimensional typical machine plus process design method comprising:
  • Step 1 Make a set of three-dimensional machine plus process files for typical parts, obtain a typical machine-added process model, and save to a typical machine plus process file library, where the typical parts are template parts, the typical machine-added process
  • the model is a template part machine plus a process model, the template part is machined to include at least a workpiece model and a process specification tree, and the process specification tree includes at least an operation node and a work step node;
  • Step 2 Based on the template part machine plus process model, obtain a machined process model of the initial new typical part, the machined process model of the initial new typical part has the same content attribute as the template part; receiving new typical parts Product attribute information, and the information is given to the machine-added process model of the initial new typical parts, and the machine-added process model of the new typical parts is derived;
  • Step 3 Perform similarity judgment of the new typical part.
  • the similarity judgment factor includes at least a topology, a feature sequence, and a parameter value difference
  • the similarity judgment operation includes traversing a characteristic sequence between the new typical part and the template part, Topology, and differences in parameter values;
  • the similarity level is divided into three levels, in which the topology structure and the feature sequence are unchanged, the parameter values are changed, and are defined as one level; the topology structure and the feature sequence are changed, and the parameter values are unchanged.
  • the meaning is two levels; the topology, the characteristic sequence, and the parameter values are all changed, and are defined as three levels;
  • Step 4 Perform different operations according to different similarity levels, where the different operations include acquiring feature elements in the workpiece model associated with the target feature node, specifically:
  • the target feature node with the similarity level is locked, and the process/step node in the process rule tree and the feature elements in the workpiece model are locked and directly reused;
  • the target feature node with similarity is two levels, and the process/step node in the process tree and the feature elements in the workpiece model are marked, and the corresponding increase/decrease process/step node and workpiece are added according to the feature.
  • Feature elements in the model are two levels, and the process/step node in the process tree and the feature elements in the workpiece model are marked, and the corresponding increase/decrease process/step node and workpiece are added according to the feature.
  • the target feature node with similarity level is three, then reconstruct the design of the process/step node and the feature element in the workpiece model in the process tree;
  • the reconstruction design refers to the design of the new typical part
  • the model is a reference, reorganizing and creating the feature elements in the process tree node and the workpiece model;
  • Step 5 Modify and confirm the completeness and accuracy of the new typical part machine process model and process attribute information, and complete the production of the three-dimensional machine plus process file of the new typical part.
  • the template part machining process model further includes a design model and/or a process component model and/or process attribute information; the process component model is an assembly of the design model and the workpiece model. ;
  • the process tree further includes routing information and/or associated geometric features and/or three-dimensional annotations; the process attribute information includes at least a name and/or figure number and/or process resource and/or process parameter.
  • the machine-added process model of the initial new typical part includes at least a model structure, a process tree structure, and process attribute information;
  • the product attribute information of the new typical part includes at least a product Name, part drawing number and material number.
  • the target of the similarity judgment is a design model of a new typical part
  • the object to be compared is a design model of the template part.
  • the similarity judgment of the topology includes: traversing the difference of the feature sequence, the topology structure, and the parameter values between the new typical part and the template part;
  • the traversal comparison includes layer-by-layer comparison of geometric shapes, feature sequences, and parameter values of the two types of design models, wherein the layer-by-layer comparison includes rewinding the feature sequences of the two types of design models to the first target feature node.
  • the geometric shape is compared, and the parameter values are different; and so on, the comparison operation is completed.
  • the new typical part machine process model includes a feature tree and a workpiece model feature, wherein the modification comprises modifying a process tree structure and referring to a new typical part design model.
  • the characteristics of the workpiece model are modified according to the machining process route, so that the process/step model expressing the three-dimensional machine adding process can be generated.
  • a three-dimensional typical machine plus process design device comprising:
  • the production unit is used for three-dimensional machining process design of typical parts, and a typical machining process model is obtained, that is, a template part machine plus process model;
  • a first generating unit configured to receive product attribute information of a new typical part according to a template part machine adding process model, and derive a machining process model of the new typical part;
  • a first processing unit configured to traverse a similarity level of the comparison template part and the new typical part according to the similarity judgment factor, wherein the similarity judgment factor includes a topology, a feature sequence, and a parameter value difference, and the similarity
  • the level is divided into three levels, in which the topology and the feature sequence are unchanged, and the parameter values are changed, and are defined as a level, such as a family table part; a topology, a feature sequence
  • the change of the parameter, the parameter value has not changed is defined as two grades, such as the increase and decrease feature on the template part; the topology structure, the feature sequence, and the parameter value are all changed, and are defined as three grades, such as the modified reconstruction design based on the template part;
  • a second processing unit configured to perform different operations according to the similarity level, and perform a three-dimensional machining process design on the new typical parts, wherein performing different operations according to the similarity level includes determining a similarity level of each target feature node, Different operations include acquiring feature elements in a workpiece model associated with the target feature node;
  • the determining unit is used to modify and confirm the new typical part machine adding process model and process attribute information, and complete the production of the new typical part three-dimensional machining process file.
  • the technical effect of the invention is that the invention is a three-dimensional typical machine plus process file made by using a three-dimensional process model as a carrier, so that the on-site machining personnel can more intuitively understand all the information in the part processing process, and solve the prior art.
  • the technical problem of low efficiency of designing the three-dimensional machine plus process of typical parts and thus achieving the technical effect of reducing the workload of the three-dimensional machine-adding process designer of typical parts and improving the reuse rate of the three-dimensional machine-added process files of typical parts.
  • Embodiment 1 is a flow chart of a method of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Process model refers to the three-dimensional model set that is inherited from the design model for the machining process and carries all the process information in the machining process.
  • Workpiece Model A three-dimensional model used to derive the state of the machining process of a part.
  • Process component model A 3D model created by building a workpiece model with reference to the design model.
  • a method embodiment of a three-dimensional typical machining process design method is provided, it being noted that the steps illustrated in the flowchart of the drawings may be in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions. The steps shown and described may be performed in a different order than the ones described herein, although the logical order is shown in the flowchart.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a three-dimensional typical machining process design method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes steps 1 to 5, wherein:
  • Step 1 Make a set of 3D machine plus process files to get a typical machine plus process model, ie template Part machine plus process model.
  • a three-dimensional machining process design of a typical part can be performed by a three-dimensional machine plus process design software, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional machining process model for a typical part.
  • Step 2 Based on the template part machine plus process model, the product attribute information of the new typical part is received, and the machined process model of the new typical part is derived. Therefore, the process model in the embodiment of the present invention is a three-dimensional process model.
  • the machine tool model of the initial new typical part can be obtained by copying the template part machine process model, and the machined process model of the initial new typical part is the same content attribute as the template part, including the three-dimensional model structure. , process tree structure and process attribute information.
  • the new typical part property information received including the product name, part drawing number, material number, etc., is given to the machine-added process model of the initial new typical part, and the machine-added process model of the new typical part is derived, that is, the machine of the target new typical part Add a process model.
  • Step 3 Traverse the similarity level of the template part and the new typical part according to the similarity judgment factor.
  • the topology structure, the feature sequence, and the parameter value difference can be used as the similarity judgment factor
  • the similarity judgment operation object is the design model of the target new typical part design model and the template part.
  • the operation includes traversing the feature sequence, the topology, and the difference of the parameter values between the new typical part and the template part, and the feature sequence of the two types of design models is backed off to the first target feature node, where In the state, compare geometric shape, parameter value difference; and so on, complete the comparison operating.
  • Step 4 Perform different operations according to the similarity level and perform a three-dimensional machining process design on the new typical parts.
  • different methods are adopted to classify the similarity according to different levels, and different methods are adopted to design the new typical parts to improve the design efficiency.
  • Step 5 Modify and confirm the new typical parts machine process model and process attribute information, and complete the production of the new typical parts 3D machining process file.
  • a typical machine tooling process model is obtained by making a set of example three-dimensional machine plus process files for a typical part, and saved to a typical machine plus process file library, wherein the typical example parts are template parts; secondly, the template parts are Based on the machine-added process model, the product attribute information of the new typical parts is received, and the machine-added process model of the new typical parts is derived; then the similarity judgment of the new typical parts is performed, and different operations are performed according to the similarity level, wherein the similarity judgment
  • the factors include topology, feature sequence, and parameter value differences.
  • the similarity judgment operation includes traversing the characteristic sequence, topology, and parameter value difference between the new typical part and the template part; modifying and confirming the new typical part machine plus The completeness and accuracy of the process model and process attribute information, to achieve the purpose of the new typical parts three-dimensional machine plus process file, because the three-dimensional process model is the three-dimensional typical machine plus process files, so the on-site machining staff can be more intuitive Understand all the information in the part processing process It solves the typical low-dimensional parts machining process design efficiency technology in technical issues, so as to realize a reduction in a typical three-dimensional parts machining process designer workload and improve the technical effect of the typical three-dimensional machine parts reuse rate increase process documents.
  • step 21 to Step 24 is as follows:
  • Step 21 Copy the template part machine plus process model, including workpiece model, process component model, process structure tree and process attribute information.
  • the process tree and process attribute information are consistent with the template parts, but the names of the workpiece model and the process component model can be temporarily named, but certain naming rules should be followed, such as "drawing number + suffix"
  • the method is differentiated to obtain the machining process model of the initial new typical parts.
  • Step 22 According to the received new typical part attribute information, including the product name, the part drawing number, the material number, etc., the information is given to the machine-added process model of the initial new typical part, and the machine-added process model of the new typical part is derived, ie The machining process model of the target new typical parts, including the workpiece model, the process component model, the process specification tree and the process attribute information, the model name is replaced with the figure number of the new typical part + the suffix, the process attribute information about the product name, The part name, drawing number, material number and other information are also replaced with the corresponding information of the new typical parts.
  • Step 23 If the design model of the new typical part has not been designed and modeled, and the similarity between the target new typical part and the template part is extremely high, create a design model of the new typical part based on the workpiece model of the template part, and directly copy
  • the design model creates a workpiece model and a process component model for the new typical part of the target, and restores the process tree structure and process attribute information to the three-dimensional machine of the new typical part by means of the process specification tree file of the template part of the structured output. Process design process. If this is not the case, skip this step.
  • Step 24 If the design model of the new typical part already exists, load the design model of the new typical part into the machined process model of the initial new typical part.
  • the design model modeling of new typical parts requires uniform modeling specifications with the design model of the template parts, including modeling coordinate system, unit system, environment configuration, and benchmark.
  • the design model of the new typical part is judged similarly to the design model of the template part, and the alternative assembly uses a unified modeling and assembly reference system.
  • the similarity judgment of the new typical part and the template part is required, and different operations are performed according to the similarity level, wherein the similarity judgment factors include the topology structure, the feature sequence, and the parameter value difference, and the similarity judgment
  • the operations include traversing the differences in the pattern, topology, and parameter values between the newer typical part and the template part.
  • the similarity judgment of the new typical part and the template part can be realized through steps 31 to 34 to form a similarity level, and steps 31 to 34 are as follows:
  • Step 31 Acquire a similarity judgment component item of the part, and the determined similarity judgment factors include a topology structure, a feature sequence, and a parameter value difference.
  • the topological structure is represented by the change of the geometric shape.
  • the feature sequence is the feature set formed by the part in the 3D modeling process and its order arrangement.
  • the parameter difference is the difference of the parameter values within the feature, such as the family table part, which is the serialized parameter value. .
  • Step 32 According to the similarity judgment factor, the design model of the template part and the design model of the new typical part are placed in the similarity judgment environment, and the assembly reference system is unified, no hidden features, invalid parameter values, and the like.
  • Step 33 The similarity level determination is divided into three levels, wherein the topology structure and the feature sequence are unchanged, and the parameter values are changed, and are defined as a level, such as a family table part; the topology structure, the feature sequence changes, and the parameter value Unchanged, defined as two grades, such as the increase and decrease characteristics of the template parts; topology, feature sequence, parameter values are changed, defined as three grades, such as modified design based on template parts.
  • Step 34 The feature sequence of the design model of the template part and the new typical part is retracted to the first target feature node, and in this state, the geometric shape and the parameter value difference are compared; and so on, the comparison operation is completed.
  • the feature sequence has a relationship with the geometric shape.
  • Step 41 Acquire feature elements in the workpiece model associated with the target feature node, wherein the feature elements include geometric features, points, lines, faces, and three-dimensional annotation information, and the information is related to the process/step node in the process specification tree. Correlation, used to form a process/step model that expresses the state of the part during machining. The relationship between the features in the design model and the features in the workpiece model is related to the method of creating the workpiece model. If the design model has been modeled according to the machining process, the workpiece model is directly copied from the design model and maintained with the design model. Strong associations, in this case, the acquisition of the relationship between them is relatively simple.
  • the workpiece model is based on the design model and re-modeled from the blank state, in this case, the relationship between them is weak, and it is necessary to obtain which feature and feature element in the design model is referenced when the workpiece model is created. And the consistency of the design model with the geometry of the workpiece model.
  • Step 42 The target feature node whose similarity is one level is locked in the process/step node in the process specification tree and the feature element in the workpiece model, and directly reused; if the similarity is the second-level target feature node, the process specification is The process/step node in the tree and the feature elements in the workpiece model are marked, according to the feature increase/decrease corresponding step/step node and feature elements in the workpiece model; the similarity is the third-level target feature node, Then the features in the process/step node and the workpiece model in the process tree are The reconstruction design is performed; wherein the reconstruction design is to reorganize and create the feature elements in the process tree node and the workpiece model according to the design model of the new typical part.
  • Typical parts of the similarity level such as typical parts of the family table, assume different parameter values, but the machining process has not changed.
  • the design model, workpiece model, process tree and process attributes can be directly reused. information. It is only necessary to assign the parameter value to the design model obtained after reuse, and to regenerate the design model and the workpiece model of the new typical part, and the information of the three-dimensional annotation is generated by the three-dimensional model driver, and the value is also updated in real time.
  • Typical parts with similarity level 2 such as the increase or decrease feature on the new typical parts compared with the template parts.
  • the degree of influence of the increase and decrease characteristics on the features on the workpiece model needs to be obtained, and the features on the workpiece model are also Corresponding increase or decrease may occur, which may cause the increase/decrease of the process/step node in the process specification tree, where the characteristics of manufacturing increase and decrease are required, the feature position in the workpiece model is affected, the item of the three-dimensional information is marked, and the process specification tree The position of the middle node in order to increase or decrease the operation.
  • Typical parts with similarity level three because of the low similarity, need to combine the processing methods of the above two cases, re-organize and create the process specification tree node and workpiece model according to the design model of the new typical parts. Characteristic elements.
  • the three-dimensional typical machine-added process design apparatus includes: a production unit 10, a first generation unit 30, a first processing unit 50, a second processing unit 70, and a determination unit 90, wherein:
  • the production unit 10 is used for three-dimensional machining process design of typical parts, and obtains a typical machining process model, that is, a template part machine process model; in the process of designing a three-dimensional machine process using the three-dimensional machine plus process design software, the workpiece needs to be
  • the creation of the model is standardized, based on the design model of the template part. Modeling references, creating process component models, workpiece models, process tree, and process attribute information.
  • the first generating unit 30 is configured to receive the product attribute information of the new typical part according to the template part machining process model, and derive the machining process model of the new typical part; at this time, the first generating unit 30 includes the generating module, the assigning module, and the processing. Module.
  • the generation module is used to generate a machining process model of the initial new typical part. For example, copy the template part machine plus process model, including the workpiece model, process component model, process structure tree and process attribute information.
  • the name of the workpiece model and the process component model is temporarily named using the naming rules of "graph number + suffix" to obtain the machining process model of the initial new typical parts.
  • the assignment module is used to assign the new typical part attribute information received to the machined process model of the initial new typical part. Specifically, according to the received new typical part attribute information, including the product name, the part drawing number, the material number, etc., the information is given to the machine-added process model of the initial new typical part, and the machine-added process model of the new typical part is derived, ie The machining process model of the target new typical parts, including the workpiece model, the process component model, the process specification tree and the process attribute information, the model name is replaced with the figure number of the new typical part + the suffix, the process attribute information about the product name, The part name, drawing number, material number and other information are also replaced with the corresponding information of the new typical parts.
  • the processing module is used to generate a machining process model of the target new typical part. If the design model of the new typical part has not been designed and modeled, and the similarity between the target new typical part and the template part is extremely high, the design model of the new typical part is created based on the workpiece model of the template part, and the design model is directly copied. Create a workpiece model and a process component model of the new typical part of the target, and restore the process tree structure and process attribute information to the 3D machine plus process design process of the new typical part by means of the process specification tree file of the template part of the structured output. in. If this is not the case, skip this step. If the design model of the new typical part already exists, the design model of the new typical part is loaded into the machine of the initial new typical part.
  • the design model modeling of new typical parts requires uniform modeling specifications with the design model of the template parts, including modeling coordinate system, unit system, environment configuration, and benchmark.
  • the design model of the new typical part is judged similarly to the design model of the template part, and the alternative assembly uses a unified modeling and assembly reference system.
  • the first processing unit 50 is configured to traverse the similarity level of the comparison template part and the new typical part according to the similarity judgment factor, wherein the similarity judgment factor includes a topology, a feature sequence, and a parameter value difference, the similarity
  • the level is divided into three levels, in which the topology structure and the feature sequence are unchanged, the parameter values are changed, and are defined as a level, such as a family table part; the topology structure and the feature sequence are changed, and the parameter values are unchanged, and are defined as two levels.
  • the addition and subtraction features on the template part; the topology, the feature sequence, and the parameter values are all changed, and are defined as three levels, such as a modified reconstruction design based on the template part.
  • the first processing unit 50 includes an element acquisition module, an environment preset module, a level division module, and a cross comparison module.
  • the feature acquisition module is used to obtain the similarity judgment element item of the part.
  • the determined similarity judgment factors include topology, feature sequence, and parameter value difference.
  • the topological structure is represented by the change of the geometric shape.
  • the feature sequence is the feature set formed by the part in the 3D modeling process and its order arrangement.
  • the parameter difference is the difference of the parameter values within the feature, such as the family table part, which is the serialized parameter value. .
  • the environment preset module is used to preset an environment for similarity judgment. According to the similarity judgment factor, the design model of the template part and the design model of the new typical part are placed in the similarity judgment environment, and the assembly reference system is unified, no hidden features, invalid parameter values, and the like.
  • the ranking module is used to divide the similarity level. Specifically, the similarity level judgment is divided into three levels, wherein the topology structure and the feature sequence are unchanged, and the parameter values are changed, and are defined as a level, such as a family table part; the topology structure, the feature sequence changes, and the parameter value Not changed, defined as two levels, Such as the addition and subtraction features on the template parts; topology, feature sequences, parameter values have changed, defined as three levels, such as based on the modification of the template parts to redesign the design.
  • the cross-comparison module is used for comparison operations between the template part and each target feature node of the new typical part.
  • the feature sequence of the design model and the new typical part are backed up to the first target feature node.
  • the geometric shape and the parameter value difference are compared; and so on, the comparison operation is completed.
  • the feature sequence has a relationship with the geometric shape.
  • the second processing unit 70 is configured to perform different operations according to the similarity level, and perform a three-dimensional machining process design on the new typical parts, wherein performing different operations according to the similarity level includes determining a similarity level of each of the target feature nodes, Different operations include acquiring feature features in the artifact model associated with the target feature node.
  • the second processing unit 70 includes a mapping module and an operation module.
  • the mapping module is used to obtain a mapping association relationship between feature features in the workpiece model associated with the target new typical part feature node. Obtaining feature features in the workpiece model associated with the target feature node, wherein the feature features include geometric features, points, lines, polygons, and three-dimensional annotation information, all of which are associated with the process/step node in the process specification tree.
  • a process/step model used to form a state during the machining of a part.
  • the relationship between the features in the design model and the features in the workpiece model is related to the method of creating the workpiece model. If the design model has been modeled according to the machining process, the workpiece model is directly copied from the design model and maintained with the design model. Strong associations, in this case, the acquisition of the relationship between them is relatively simple.
  • the workpiece model is based on the design model and re-modeled from the blank state, in this case, the relationship between them is weak, and it is necessary to obtain which feature and feature element in the design model is referenced when the workpiece model is created. And the design model and the workpiece model What is the consistency of the shape.
  • the operational module is used for different typical models based on different levels of similarity, using different operations. If the similarity is a level of target feature nodes, the process/step nodes in the process tree and the feature elements in the workpiece model are locked and directly reused; the target feature nodes with similarity are two levels, then in the process specification tree The feature elements in the process/step node and the workpiece model are marked, and the feature elements in the process step/step node and the workpiece model are increased or decreased according to the feature; the target feature node with similarity is three levels, and the process is The process/step node in the rule tree and the feature elements in the workpiece model are reconstructed; wherein the reconstruction design is based on the design model of the new typical part, reorganizing and creating the process tree node and the workpiece model Feature elements. as well as
  • the determining unit 90 is used for modifying and confirming the new typical part machine process model and process attribute information, and completing the production of the new typical part three-dimensional machining process file.
  • the present invention solves the technical problem of low efficiency of the three-dimensional machining process design of the typical parts in the prior art, and further reduces the workload of the three-dimensional machining process designer of typical parts and improves the three-dimensionality of typical parts.
  • the disclosed technical contents may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the unit may be a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or may be Integrate into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • Another point, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed The connection may be through some interface, indirect coupling or communication connection of the unit or module, and may be electrical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

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Abstract

一种三维典型机加工艺设计方法和装置，以三维工艺模型为载体制作三维典型机加工艺文件，车间现场机械加工人员能够更加直观的了解零件加工过程中的所有信息，解决了现有技术中典型零件三维机加工艺设计效率低的技术问题，进而实现了减少典型零件三维机加工艺设计师工作量和提高典型零件三维机加工艺文件的重用率的技术效果。

Description

三维典型机加工艺设计方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及三维机加工艺设计方法领域，具体而言，涉及一种三维典型机加工艺设计方法和装置。
背景技术
鉴于三维工艺设计技术已开始在产品的工艺设计过程中进行应用，产品零件的机加工艺设计因其复杂性以及对产品制造质量的重要性，得到企业的极大重视，产品零件三维机加工艺文件能够对产品的制造过程提供直观形象的加工指导，很受企业工艺设计师以及车间现场加工工人的青睐，但三维机加工艺设计对工艺设计师要求较高，制作难度较大，尤其是三维典型机加工艺没有很好的在企业内得到有效应用，究其原因，三维典型机加工艺文件以三维模型为信息载体，将加工过程中的所有工艺信息都以结构化的形式储存在三维模型中，无法高效地应用于典型零件的三维机加工艺设计过程。现有技术中三维典型机加工艺设计方法通常是基于CAPP系统的机加工艺文件流程检索及文件管理，偏向于工艺知识的管理，对于利用三维典型机加工艺文件，通过相似度判断，快速生成新典型零件的机加工艺文件研究较少，使得企业需要对新典型零件重新进行三维机加工艺设计，或者只能借鉴较少部分的工艺内容，如工艺规程树结构及信息内容，总结归纳现有技术具有如下缺点：一是三维机加工艺设计方法研究较多，但基于典型零件的设计模型以及三维典型机加工艺模型，如何快速生成相似度高的新典型零件的三维机加工艺模型，研究较少，没有形成专利或其他知识产权成果，无法得到广泛应用；二是由于没有相应的三维典型机加工 艺设计方法，使得企业三维工艺设计技术效率不高，无法直接使用三维典型机加工艺，造成人员和时间的浪费。
针对现有技术中典型零件三维机加工艺设计效率低的技术问题，目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种三维典型机加工艺设计方法和装置，以解决现有技术中典型零件三维机加工艺设计效率低的技术问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了以下技术方案：
一种三维典型机加工艺设计方法，包括：
步骤1：对典型零件制作一套实例三维机加工艺文件，得到典型机加工艺模型，并保存至典型机加工艺文件库，其中所述的典型零件为模板零件，所述的典型机加工艺模型为模板零件机加工艺模型，该模板零件机加工以模型至少包括工件模型和工艺规程树，该工艺规程树至少包括工序节点和工步节点；
步骤2：以所述模板零件机加工艺模型为基础，得到初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型，该初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型与模板零件具有相同的内容属性；接收新典型零件的产品属性信息，并将该信息赋予初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型，派生新典型零件的机加工艺模型；
步骤3：进行新典型零件的相似度判断，相似度判断因素至少包括拓扑结构、特征序列、以及参数值差异，所述相似度判断操作包括遍历比较新典型零件与模板零件之间的特征序、拓扑结构、以及参数值的差异性；
将相似度等级分为三个等级，其中，拓扑结构、特征序列未变化，参数值发生改变，定义为一等级；拓扑结构、特征序列发生改变，参数值未变化，定 义为二等级；拓扑结构、特征序列、参数值均发生改变，定义为三等级；
步骤4：根据不同相似度等级，执行不同操作，所述不同操作包括获取与目标特征节点关联的工件模型中的特征要素，具体为：
a.相似度为一等级的目标特征节点，则锁定工艺规程树中的工序/工步节点及工件模型中的特征要素，直接重用；
b.相似度为二等级的目标特征节点，则对工艺规程树中的工序/工步节点和工件模型中的特征要素进行标记，根据特征的增减相应的增减工序/工步节点和工件模型中的特征要素；
c.相似度为三级的目标特征节点，则对工艺规程树中的工序/工步节点和工件模型中的特征要素进行重构设计；所述的重构设计是指以新典型零件的设计模型为参照，重新组织和创建工艺规程树节点和工件模型中的特征要素；
步骤5：修改并确认所述新典型零件机加工艺模型及工艺属性信息的完整准确，完成所述新典型零件三维机加工艺文件的制作。
优选的，在所述步骤1中：所述模板零件机加工艺模型还包括了设计模型和/或工艺组件模型和/或工艺属性信息；所述工艺组件模型为设计模型与工件模型的装配体；
优选的，所述工艺规程树还包含了工艺路线信息和/或关联的几何特征和/或三维标注；所述工艺属性信息至少包含了名称和/或图号和/或工艺资源和/或工艺参数。
优选的，在所述步骤2中，所述初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型至少包括模型结构、工艺规程树结构和工艺属性信息；
优选的，在所述步骤2中，所述新典型零件的产品属性信息至少包括产品 名、零件图号及物料号。
优选的，在所述步骤3中，所述相似度判断的目标为新典型零件的设计模型，判断对比的对象为模板零件的设计模型。
优选的，在所述步骤3中，所述拓扑结构的相似度判断包括：遍历比较新典型零件与模板零件之间的特征序列、拓扑结构、以及参数值的差异性；
所述遍历比较包括对该两类设计模型的几何外形、特征序列、参数值进行逐层比对，其中，逐层比对包括将该两类设计模型的特征序列回退至第一目标特征节点，在该状态下，比较几何外形，参数值差异；以此类推，完成比对操作。
优选的，在所述步骤5中，所述新典型零件机加工艺模型包括工艺规程树和工件模型的特征，其中，所述修改包括修改工艺规程树结构，以及以新典型零件设计模型为参照，按照机加工艺路线对工件模型的特征进行修改，使之能够生成表达三维机加工艺过程的工序/工步模型。
一种三维典型机加工艺设计装置，包括：
制作单元，用于对典型零件进行三维机加工艺设计，得到典型机加工艺模型，即模板零件机加工艺模型；
第一生成单元，用于根据模板零件机加工艺模型，接收新典型零件的产品属性信息，派生新典型零件的机加工艺模型；
第一处理单元，用于按照相似度判断因素，遍历比较模板零件与新典型零件的相似度等级，其中，所述相似度判断因素包括拓扑结构、特征序列、以及参数值差异，所述相似度等级分为三个等级，其中，拓扑结构、特征序列未变化，参数值发生改变，定义为一等级，如族表类零件；拓扑结构、特征序列发 生改变，参数值未变化，定义为二等级，如模板零件上增减特征；拓扑结构、特征序列、参数值均发生改变，定义为三等级，如基于模板零件的修改重构设计；
第二处理单元，用于按照相似度等级执行不同的操作，对新典型零件进行三维机加工艺设计，其中按照相似度等级执行不同的操作包括判断每一个目标特征节点的相似度等级，所述不同操作包括获取与目标特征节点关联的工件模型中的特征要素；
确定单元，用于修改并确认新典型零件机加工艺模型及工艺属性信息，完成新典型零件三维机加工艺文件的制作。
本发明的技术效果在于：本发明是以三维工艺模型为载体制作的三维典型机加工艺文件，所以车间现场机械加工人员能够更加直观的了解零件加工过程中的所有信息，解决了现有技术中典型零件三维机加工艺设计效率低的技术问题，进而实现了减少典型零件三维机加工艺设计师工作量和提高典型零件三维机加工艺文件的重用率的技术效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施例1的方法流程图；
图2是本发明的实施例2的结构框图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所 有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是，本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本发明的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
对本发明实施例中所涉及的技术术语做如下解释：
工艺模型：是指面向机械加工过程，从设计模型继承而来，承载机械加工过程中所有工艺信息的三维模型集合。
工件模型：用于派生表达零件机械加工过程状态的三维模型。
工艺组件模型：以设计模型为参照，用于构建工件模型而创建的三维模型。
根据本发明实施例，提供了一种三维典型机加工艺设计方法的方法实施例，需要说明的是，在附图的流程图示出的步骤可以在诸如一组计算机可执行指令的计算机系统中执行，并且，虽然在流程图中示出了逻辑顺序，但是在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤。
实施例1
图1是根据本发明实施例的三维典型机加工艺设计方法的流程图，如图1所示，该方法包括步骤1至步骤5，其中：
步骤1：制作一套实例三维机加工艺文件，得到典型机加工艺模型，即模板 零件机加工艺模型。
具体地，可以通过三维机加工艺设计软件对典型零件的实例进行三维机加工艺设计，从而得到关于典型零件的三维机加工艺模型。并且，在利用三维机加工艺设计软件进行三维机加工艺设计过程中，需要对工件模型的创建进行规范，依据模板零件的设计模型为建模参照，创建工艺组件模型、工件模型、工艺规程树以及工艺属性信息。
步骤2：以模板零件机加工艺模型为基础，接收新典型零件的产品属性信息，派生新典型零件的机加工艺模型，所以本发明实施例中的工艺模型为三维工艺模型。
具体地，可以通过复制所述模板零件机加工艺模型，得到初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型，所述初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型为与模板零件相同的内容属性，包括三维模型结构、工艺规程树结构和工艺属性信息等。将接收到的新典型零件属性信息，包括产品名称、零件图号、物料号等，赋予初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型，派生新典型零件的机加工艺模型，即目标新典型零件的机加工艺模型。
步骤3：按照相似度判断因素，遍历比较模板零件与新典型零件的相似度等级。在本发明实施例中，可以将拓扑结构、特征序列、以及参数值差异作为相似度判断因素，相似度判断操作对象为目标新典型零件的设计模型与模板零件的设计模型。
具体地，采用操作包括遍历比较新典型零件与模板零件之间的特征序列、拓扑结构、以及参数值的差异性，将该两类设计模型的特征序列回退至第一目标特征节点，在该状态下，比较几何外形，参数值差异；以此类推，完成比对 操作。
步骤4：按照相似度等级执行不同的操作，对新典型零件进行三维机加工艺设计。在本本发明实施例中，通过将相似度划分等级，按照不同的等级，在对新典型零件进行三维机加工艺设计时，采用不同的方法，以提高设计效率。
步骤5：修改并确认新典型零件机加工艺模型及工艺属性信息，完成新典型零件三维机加工艺文件的制作。
在本发明实施例中，通过对典型零件制作一套实例三维机加工艺文件，得到典型机加工艺模型，并保存至典型机加工艺文件库，其中实例典型零件为模板零件；其次以模板零件机加工艺模型为基础，接收新典型零件的产品属性信息，派生新典型零件的机加工艺模型；然后进行新典型零件的相似度判断，按照相似度等级执行不同的操作，其中，相似度判断因素包括拓扑结构、特征序列、以及参数值差异，相似度判断操作包括遍历比较新典型零件与模板零件之间的特征序、拓扑结构、以及参数值的差异性；修改并确认新典型零件机加工艺模型及工艺属性信息的完整准确，达到新典型零件三维机加工艺文件制作的目的，由于是以三维工艺模型为载体制作的三维典型机加工艺文件，所以车间现场机械加工人员能够更加直观的了解零件加工过程中的所有信息，解决了现有技术中典型零件三维机加工艺设计效率低的技术问题，进而实现了减少典型零件三维机加工艺设计师工作量和提高典型零件三维机加工艺文件的重用率的技术效果。
具体地，在本发明实施例中，可以通过步骤21至步骤24实现以模板零件机加工艺模型为基础，接收新典型零件的产品属性信息，派生新典型零件的机加工艺模型，步骤21至步骤24具体如下：
步骤21：复制模板零件机加工艺模型，内容包括了工件模型、工艺组件模型、工艺结构树及工艺属性信息。具体地，工艺规程树及工艺属性信息与模板零件保持一致，但可以对工件模型、工艺组件模型的名称进行临时命名，但应遵循一定的命名规则，如可以采用“图号+前后缀”的方式区分，得到初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型。
步骤22：根据接收到的新典型零件属性信息，包括产品名称、零件图号、物料号等，将这些信息赋予初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型，派生新典型零件的机加工艺模型，即目标新典型零件的机加工艺模型，其中，包括了工件模型、工艺组件模型、工艺规程树及工艺属性信息，模型名称更换为新典型零件的图号+前后缀，工艺属性信息关于产品名称、零件名称、图号、物料号等信息也更换成新典型零件的相应信息。
步骤23：若新典型零件的设计模型尚未设计建模，且目标新典型零件与模板零件的相似度极高，则以模板零件的工件模型为基础，创建新典型零件的设计模型，并直接复制该设计模型，创建目标新典型零件的工件模型、工艺组件模型，并借助结构化输出的模板零件的工艺规程树文件，将工艺规程树结构以及工艺属性信息重新还原至新典型零件的三维机加工艺设计过程中。若不存在该种情况，则跳过该步骤。
步骤24：若新典型零件的设计模型已存在，将新典型零件的设计模型装入初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型。其中，新典型零件的设计模型建模需要同模板零件的设计模型采用统一的建模规范，包括建模坐标系、单位制、环境配置、基准等。新典型零件的设计模型与模板零件的设计模型相似度判断，替代装配均采用统一的建模和装配参照体系。
在本发明实施例中，需要进行新典型零件与模板零件的相似度判断，按照相似度等级执行不同的操作，其中，相似度判断因素包括拓扑结构、特征序列、以及参数值差异，相似度判断操作包括遍历比较新典型零件与模板零件之间的特征序、拓扑结构、以及参数值的差异性。此时，可以通过步骤31至步骤34实现新典型零件与模板零件的相似度判断，形成相似度等级，步骤31至步骤34具体如下：
步骤31：获取零件的相似度判断要素项，确定的相似度判断因素包括拓扑结构、特征序列、以及参数值差异。其中，拓扑结构表现为几何外形的变化，特征序列为零件在三维建模过程中形成的特征集合及其顺序排列，参数差异为特征内参数值的不同，如族表类零件，为系列化参数值。
步骤32：按照相似度判断因素，将模板零件的设计模型与新典型零件的设计模型置于相似度判断环境中，确认装配参照体系统一，无隐含特征，失效参数值等。
步骤33：将相似度等级判定分为三个等级，其中，拓扑结构、特征序列未变化，参数值发生改变，定义为一等级，如族表类零件；拓扑结构、特征序列发生改变，参数值未变化，定义为二等级，如模板零件上增减特征；拓扑结构、特征序列、参数值均发生改变，定义为三等级，如基于模板零件的修改重构设计。
步骤34：将该模板零件与新典型零件这两类设计模型的特征序列回退至第一目标特征节点，在该状态下，比较几何外形，参数值差异；以此类推，完成比对操作。具体说来，所述特征序列与几何外形具有关联关系，对比时，将该两类设计模型按照特征序列最顶端开始，依次进行几何外形的交叉对比，相似 度等级的判断规则适用于在比对操作过程中每一个目标特征节点的比对过程中。
在本发明实施例中，按照相似度等级执行不同的操作，对新典型零件进行三维机加工艺设计。在本本发明实施例中，通过将相似度划分等级，按照不同的等级，在对新典型零件进行三维机加工艺设计时，采用不同的方法，以提高设计效率。此时，可以通过步骤41至步骤42实现新典型零件与模板零件的相似度判断，形成相似度等级，步骤41至步骤42具体如下：
步骤41：获取与目标特征节点关联的工件模型中的特征要素，其中特征要素包括了几何特征，点、线、面，三维标注信息，这些信息都与工艺规程结构树中的工序/工步节点相关联，用于形成表达零件机械加工过程中状态的工序/工步模型。设计模型中的特征与工件模型中的特征关联关系，与工件模型创建的方法有关，若设计模型已经按照机械加工过程进行建模，工件模型是直接复制设计模型得来，与设计模型之间保持强关联关系，这种情况下，它们之间关联关系的获取比较简单。若工件模型是依据设计模型为参照，从毛坯状态开始重新建模，这种情况下，它们之间关联关系较弱，需要获取工件模型创建时参照了设计模型中的哪项特征及特征元素，以及设计模型与工件模型几何外形的一致性。
步骤42：相似度为一等级的目标特征节点，则锁定工艺规程树中的工序/工步节点及工件模型中的特征要素，直接重用；相似度为二等级的目标特征节点，则对工艺规程树中的工序/工步节点和工件模型中的特征要素进行标记，根据特征的增减相应的增减工序/工步节点和工件模型中的特征要素；相似度为三级的目标特征节点，则对工艺规程树中的工序/工步节点和工件模型中的特征要 素进行重构设计；其中，重构设计为按照新典型零件的设计模型为参照，重新组织和创建工艺规程树节点和工件模型中的特征要素。
在这里列举几种比较特殊的情况下，三维典型机加工艺设计的处理方法。相似度一级的典型零件，如族表类典型零件，假定参数值不同，但机加工艺路线并没有发生改变，在这种情况下可以直接重用设计模型，工件模型，工艺规程树及工艺属性信息。只需要将参数值赋给重用后得到的设计模型，并以此重新生成新典型零件的设计模型和工件模型，三维标注的信息，均由三维模型驱动生成，则也会实时更新数值。相似度二级的典型零件，如与模板零件相比，新典型零件上存在增减特征的情况，该种情况下，需要获取增减特征对工件模型上特征的影响程度，工件模型上特征也可能发生相应的增减，继而可能造成工艺规程树上工序/工步节点的增减，在此需要制造增减的特征，影响工件模型中的特征位置，三维标注信息的项目，以及工艺规程树中节点的位置，以便进行增加或减少操作。相似度三级的典型零件，由于相似度较低，需要将以上两种情况下的处理方式结合起来，重新按照新典型零件的设计模型为参照，重新组织和创建工艺规程树节点和工件模型中的特征要素。
实施例2
图2是根据本发明实施例的电子装联工艺文件的制作装置的示意图。该三维典型机加工艺设计装置包括：制作单元10、第一生成单元30、第一处理单元50、第二处理单元70和确定单元90，其中：
制作单元10用于对典型零件进行三维机加工艺设计，得到典型机加工艺模型，即模板零件机加工艺模型；在利用三维机加工艺设计软件进行三维机加工艺设计过程中，需要对工件模型的创建进行规范，依据模板零件的设计模型为 建模参照，创建工艺组件模型、工件模型、工艺规程树以及工艺属性信息。
第一生成单元30用于根据模板零件机加工艺模型，接收新典型零件的产品属性信息，派生新典型零件的机加工艺模型；此时，第一生成单元30包括生成模块、赋值模块和处理模块。
生成模块用于生成初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型。例如，复制模板零件机加工艺模型，内容包括了工件模型、工艺组件模型、工艺结构树及工艺属性信息。采用“图号+前后缀”的命名规则，对工件模型、工艺组件模型的名称进行临时命名，得到初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型。
赋值模块用于将收到的新典型零件属性信息赋值给初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型。具体地，根据接收到的新典型零件属性信息，包括产品名称、零件图号、物料号等，将这些信息赋予初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型，派生新典型零件的机加工艺模型，即目标新典型零件的机加工艺模型，其中，包括了工件模型、工艺组件模型、工艺规程树及工艺属性信息，模型名称更换为新典型零件的图号+前后缀，工艺属性信息关于产品名称、零件名称、图号、物料号等信息也更换成新典型零件的相应信息。
处理模块用于产生目标新典型零件的机加工艺模型。若新典型零件的设计模型尚未设计建模，且目标新典型零件与模板零件的相似度极高，则以模板零件的工件模型为基础，创建新典型零件的设计模型，并直接复制该设计模型，创建目标新典型零件的工件模型、工艺组件模型，并借助结构化输出的模板零件的工艺规程树文件，将工艺规程树结构以及工艺属性信息重新还原至新典型零件的三维机加工艺设计过程中。若不存在该种情况，则跳过该步骤。若新典型零件的设计模型已存在，将新典型零件的设计模型装入初始新典型零件的机 加工艺模型。其中，新典型零件的设计模型建模需要同模板零件的设计模型采用统一的建模规范，包括建模坐标系、单位制、环境配置、基准等。新典型零件的设计模型与模板零件的设计模型相似度判断，替代装配均采用统一的建模和装配参照体系。
第一处理单元50用于按照相似度判断因素，遍历比较模板零件与新典型零件的相似度等级，其中，所述相似度判断因素包括拓扑结构、特征序列、以及参数值差异，所述相似度等级分为三个等级，其中，拓扑结构、特征序列未变化，参数值发生改变，定义为一等级，如族表类零件；拓扑结构、特征序列发生改变，参数值未变化，定义为二等级，如模板零件上增减特征；拓扑结构、特征序列、参数值均发生改变，定义为三等级，如基于模板零件的修改重构设计。此时，第一处理单元50包括要素获取模块、环境预设模块、等级划分模块和交叉比对模块。
要素获取模块用于获取零件的相似度判断要素项。确定的相似度判断因素包括拓扑结构、特征序列、以及参数值差异。其中，拓扑结构表现为几何外形的变化，特征序列为零件在三维建模过程中形成的特征集合及其顺序排列，参数差异为特征内参数值的不同，如族表类零件，为系列化参数值。
环境预设模块用于预先设置相似度判断的环境。按照相似度判断因素，将模板零件的设计模型与新典型零件的设计模型置于相似度判断环境中，确认装配参照体系统一，无隐含特征，失效参数值等。
等级划分模块用于划分相似度等级。具体地，将相似度等级判断分为三个等级，其中，拓扑结构、特征序列未变化，参数值发生改变，定义为一等级，如族表类零件；拓扑结构、特征序列发生改变，参数值未变化，定义为二等级， 如模板零件上增减特征；拓扑结构、特征序列、参数值均发生改变，定义为三等级，如基于模板零件的修改重构设计。
交叉比对模块用于模板零件与新典型零件每一个目标特征节点之间的比对操作。将该模板零件与新典型零件这两类设计模型的特征序列回退至第一目标特征节点，在该状态下，比较几何外形，参数值差异；以此类推，完成比对操作。具体说来，所述特征序列与几何外形具有关联关系，对比时，将该两类设计模型按照特征序列最顶端开始，依次进行几何外形的交叉对比，相似度等级的判断规则适用于在比对操作过程中每一个目标特征节点的比对过程中。
第二处理单元70用于按照相似度等级执行不同的操作，对新典型零件进行三维机加工艺设计，其中按照相似度等级执行不同的操作包括判断每一个目标特征节点的相似度等级，所述不同操作包括获取与目标特征节点关联的工件模型中的特征要素。此时，第二处理单元70包括映射模块和操作模块。
映射模块用于获取与目标新典型零件特征节点关联的工件模型中的特征要素之间的映射关联关系。获取与目标特征节点关联的工件模型中的特征要素，其中特征要素包括了几何特征，点、线、面，三维标注信息，这些信息都与工艺规程结构树中的工序/工步节点相关联，用于形成表达零件机械加工过程中状态的工序/工步模型。设计模型中的特征与工件模型中的特征关联关系，与工件模型创建的方法有关，若设计模型已经按照机械加工过程进行建模，工件模型是直接复制设计模型得来，与设计模型之间保持强关联关系，这种情况下，它们之间关联关系的获取比较简单。若工件模型是依据设计模型为参照，从毛坯状态开始重新建模，这种情况下，它们之间关联关系较弱，需要获取工件模型创建时参照了设计模型中的哪项特征及特征元素，以及设计模型与工件模型几 何外形的一致性。
操作模块用于根据不同等级的相似度新典型模型，采用不同的操作。相似度为一等级的目标特征节点，则锁定工艺规程树中的工序/工步节点及工件模型中的特征要素，直接重用；相似度为二等级的目标特征节点，则对工艺规程树中的工序/工步节点和工件模型中的特征要素进行标记，根据特征的增减相应的增减工序/工步节点和工件模型中的特征要素；相似度为三级的目标特征节点，则对工艺规程树中的工序/工步节点和工件模型中的特征要素进行重构设计；其中，重构设计为按照新典型零件的设计模型为参照，重新组织和创建工艺规程树节点和工件模型中的特征要素。以及
确定单元90用于修改并确认新典型零件机加工艺模型及工艺属性信息，完成新典型零件三维机加工艺文件的制作。
从以上的描述中，可以看出，本发明解决了现有技术中典型零件三维机加工艺设计效率低的技术问题，进而实现了减少典型零件三维机加工艺设计师工作量和提高典型零件三维机加工艺文件的重用率的技术效果。
上述本发明实施例序号仅仅为了描述，不代表实施例的优劣。
在本发明的上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的技术内容，可通过其它的方式实现。其中，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如所述单元的划分，可以为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连 接可以是通过一些接口，单元或模块的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可为个人计算机、服务器或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种三维典型机加工艺设计方法，其特征在于，包括：
    步骤1：对典型零件制作一套实例三维机加工艺文件，得到典型机加工艺模型，并保存至典型机加工艺文件库，其中所述的典型零件为模板零件，所述的典型机加工艺模型为模板零件机加工艺模型，该模板零件机加工艺模型至少包括工件模型和工艺规程树，该工艺规程树至少包括工序节点和工步节点；
    步骤2：以所述模板零件机加工艺模型为基础，得到初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型，该初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型与模板零件具有相同的内容属性；接收新典型零件的产品属性信息，并将该信息赋予初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型，派生新典型零件的机加工艺模型
    步骤3：进行新典型零件的相似度判断，相似度判断因素至少包括拓扑结构、特征序列、以及参数值差异，所述相似度判断操作包括遍历比较新典型零件与模板零件之间的特征序列、拓扑结构、以及参数值的差异性；
    将相似度等级分为三个等级，其中，拓扑结构、特征序列未变化，参数值发生改变，定义为一等级；拓扑结构、特征序列发生改变，参数值未变化，定义为二等级；拓扑结构、特征序列、参数值均发生改变，定义为三等级；
    步骤4：根据不同相似度等级，执行不同操作，所述不同操作包括获取与目标特征节点关联的工件模型中的特征要素，具体为：
    a.相似度为一等级的目标特征节点，则锁定工艺规程树中的工序/工步节点及工件模型中的特征要素，直接重用；
    b.相似度为二等级的目标特征节点，则对工艺规程树中的工序/工步节点和工件模型中的特征要素进行标记，根据特征的增减相应的增减工序/工步节点和工件模型中的特征要素；
    c.相似度为三级的目标特征节点，则对工艺规程树中的工序/工步节点和工件模型中的特征要素进行重构设计；所述的重构设计是指以新典型零件的设计模型为参照，重新组织和创建工艺规程树节点和工件模型中的特征要素；
    步骤5：修改并确认所述新典型零件机加工艺模型及工艺属性信息的完整准确，完成所述新典型零件三维机加工艺文件的制作。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的三维典型机加工艺设计方法，其特征在于：在所述步骤1中：所述模板零件机加工艺模型还包括了设计模型和/或工艺组件模型和/或工艺属性信息；所述工艺组件模型为设计模型与工件模型的装配体。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的三维典型机加工艺设计方法，其特征在于：所述工艺规程树还包含了工艺路线信息和/或关联的几何特征和/或三维标注；所述工艺属性信息至少包含了名称和/或图号和/或工艺资源和/或工艺参数。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的三维典型机加工艺设计方法，其特征在于：在所述步骤2中，所述初始新典型零件的机加工艺模型至少包括模型结构、工艺规程树结构和工艺属性信息。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的三维典型机加工艺设计方法，其特征在于：在所述步骤2中，所述新典型零件的产品属性信息至少包括产品名称、零件图号及物料号。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的三维典型机加工艺设计方法，其特征在于：在所述步骤3中，所述相似度判断的目标为新典型零件的设计模型，判断对比的对象为模板零件的设计模型。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的三维典型机加工艺设计方法，其特征在于：在所述步骤3中，所述拓扑结构的相似度判断包括：遍历比较新典型零件与模板零 件之间的特征序列、拓扑结构、以及参数值的差异性；
    所述遍历比较包括对该两类设计模型的几何外形、特征序列、参数值进行逐层比对，其中，逐层比对包括将该两类设计模型的特征序列回退至第一目标特征节点，在该状态下，比较几何外形，参数值差异；以此类推，完成比对操作。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的三维典型机加工艺设计方法，其特征在于：在所述步骤5中，所述新典型零件机加工艺模型包括工艺规程树和工件模型的特征，其中，所述修改包括修改工艺规程树结构，以及以新典型零件设计模型为参照，按照机加工艺路线对工件模型的特征进行修改，使之能够生成表达三维机加工艺过程的工序/工步模型。
  9. 一种三维典型机加工艺设计装置，其特征在于，包括：
    制作单元，用于对典型零件进行三维机加工艺设计，得到典型机加工艺模型，即模板零件机加工艺模型；
    第一生成单元，用于根据模板零件机加工艺模型，接收新典型零件的产品属性信息，派生新典型零件的机加工艺模型；
    第一处理单元，用于按照相似度判断因素，遍历比较模板零件与新典型零件的相似度等级，其中，所述相似度判断因素包括拓扑结构、特征序列、以及参数值差异，所述相似度等级分为三个等级，其中，拓扑结构、特征序列未变化，参数值发生改变，定义为一等级，如族表类零件；拓扑结构、特征序列发生改变，参数值未变化，定义为二等级，如模板零件上增减特征；拓扑结构、特征序列、参数值均发生改变，定义为三等级，如基于模板零件的修改重构设计；
    第二处理单元，用于按照相似度等级执行不同的操作，对新典型零件进行三维机加工艺设计，其中按照相似度等级执行不同的操作包括判断每一个目标特征节点的相似度等级，所述不同操作包括获取与目标特征节点关联的工件模型中的特征要素；
    确定单元，用于修改并确认新典型零件机加工艺模型及工艺属性信息，完成新典型零件三维机加工艺文件的制作。
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