WO2018098885A1 - 一种筒纱无水染色设备、染色方法及产品 - Google Patents

一种筒纱无水染色设备、染色方法及产品 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018098885A1
WO2018098885A1 PCT/CN2016/113171 CN2016113171W WO2018098885A1 WO 2018098885 A1 WO2018098885 A1 WO 2018098885A1 CN 2016113171 W CN2016113171 W CN 2016113171W WO 2018098885 A1 WO2018098885 A1 WO 2018098885A1
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Prior art keywords
dyeing
dye
yarn
tank
cauldron
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PCT/CN2016/113171
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王健
杨为东
万刚
刘崇波
刘绍冰
林大鹏
Original Assignee
青岛即发集团股份有限公司
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Priority to US16/464,185 priority Critical patent/US11168424B2/en
Priority to JP2019528103A priority patent/JP6677856B1/ja
Priority to EP16922591.9A priority patent/EP3530792B1/en
Priority to ES16922591T priority patent/ES2842188T3/es
Publication of WO2018098885A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018098885A1/zh

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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B19/00Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B5/00Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating
    • D06B5/12Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through materials of definite length
    • D06B5/16Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through materials of definite length through yarns, threads or filaments
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B23/00Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
    • D06B23/04Carriers or supports for textile materials to be treated
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B23/00Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
    • D06B23/14Containers, e.g. vats
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B23/00Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
    • D06B23/14Containers, e.g. vats
    • D06B23/18Sealing arrangements
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B23/00Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
    • D06B23/20Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B23/00Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
    • D06B23/20Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation
    • D06B23/205Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation for adding or mixing constituents of the treating material
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B23/00Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
    • D06B23/20Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation
    • D06B23/22Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation for heating
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/94General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dyes dissolved in solvents which are in the supercritical state
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/34Material containing ester groups
    • D06P3/52Polyesters
    • D06P3/54Polyesters using dispersed dyestuffs
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B2700/00Treating of textile materials, e.g. bleaching, dyeing, mercerising, impregnating, washing; Fulling of fabrics
    • D06B2700/36Devices or methods for dyeing, washing or bleaching not otherwise provided for
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B3/00Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
    • D06B3/04Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of yarns, threads or filaments
    • D06B3/09Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of yarns, threads or filaments as packages, e.g. cheeses
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B9/00Solvent-treatment of textile materials
    • D06B9/06Solvent-treatment of textile materials with recovery of the solvent
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2501/00Wearing apparel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y02P70/62Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the technical field of dyeing, relates to a supercritical CO 2 over anhydrous staining, in particular to a dry Cheese dyeing equipment, staining methods and products.
  • CN1807742A discloses a dyeing device using a two-way circulation of dyeing fluid to achieve uniform dyeing of the fabric. In the course of its operation, it is necessary to switch the circulation direction of the dyeing fluid, which places high demands on the sealing and safety of key components such as ultra-high-pressure equipment for waterless dyeing. Most of the domestic valve components simply cannot meet their service life requirements.
  • Chinese invention patent "a production system using continuous supercritical fluid for continuous dyeing and its production process” publication No. CN101024922A
  • publicly used an integrated dyeing tank and system using vertical warp beam dyeing model , multiple sets of parallel dyeing tanks to achieve continuous production to improve production efficiency.
  • the process technology is not mature.
  • the present invention provides a waterless yarn dyeing apparatus and method, which has high production efficiency, good leveling effect, strong safety, and is suitable for mass polyester yarns.
  • a waterless dyeing apparatus for a yarn comprising a dye kettle, a dyeing tank, a recovery kettle, and a dye kettle connected to the dye a dyeing cycle system for a color tank and a recovery kettle, characterized in that the top of the dyeing tank is a yarn inlet, the yarn inlet is provided with a sealing cover, and a middle shaft of the yarn is vertically arranged in the middle of the dyeing tank.
  • the middle shaft of the yarn is an air outlet pipe having a fluid release hole on the pipe wall, an air intake pipe is arranged at the bottom of the dyeing kettle, the air intake pipe is connected with the air outlet pipe, and a dyeing kettle outlet is arranged on the dyeing kettle;
  • the dyeing circulation system includes a CO 2 gas cylinder, a pressure pump, a circulation pump, and a pipeline.
  • the dye kettle comprises at least three juxtaposed dye tanks, and a valve for controlling the flow rate is arranged on the air inlet of the lower part of each of the sub-dye tanks; the CO 2 gas cylinder
  • the pipeline is connected to the valve on the inlet port of each of the sub-dye tanks, and the outlet of each of the sub-dye tanks is connected to the intake pipe of the dyeing tank through a pipeline, and the outlet of the dyeing kettle is divided into two ways: a pipeline is connected to the circulation pump, and the circulation pump is connected to a valve on an inlet port of each of the sub-dye tanks through a pipeline, and the other conduit is connected to the recovery vessel through a pipeline and a pressure relief valve, and the recovery is performed.
  • a tank connected via a line to a condenser and then communicates with the cylinder CO 2, the CO 2 pressure cylinder in communication with the pump, are provided on each of the sub-heating a dye tank
  • the sleeve is wound with an electric heating wire on a pipe connected to the sub-dye can.
  • the dyeing kettle is a vertically placed cylindrical kettle body, the sealing cover is provided with a self-sealing coil, and the bottom surface of the dyeing kettle is disposed around the exhaust pipe a lower tube seal, the dye pot outlet being disposed on a side wall of the upper portion of the dyeing tank.
  • the recovery kettle is an elongated cylindrical kettle body, and the recovery kettle is provided with a three-dimensional duplex filter structure.
  • a method for performing water-free dyeing using the above-described yarn-free water-staining apparatus comprising a yarn preparation and dyeing method, wherein the dyeing method comprises the following steps:
  • the bobbin is a polyester bobbin
  • the dye adopts a dye filter cake
  • the dye cake is first dissolved in an organic solvent and then filtered. Drying and grinding to obtain a high-solubility disperse dye having a purity of at least 99.7%
  • the dye adopts a D50 dye having a particle size of 0.05 mm
  • the process parameters of the pressure in each sub-dye tank are set.
  • the temperature of the process parameters set value 60 ° C-120 ° C, the yarn dyeing cycle inch 50mi n -360min is, a supercritical fluid containing a dye in the process cycle Fully contact with the dye in the dye pot, and then contacted with the yarn through the dyeing tank to achieve the diffusion-adsorption-desorption process of dye dyeing; in the step (3), the dyed fluid is released in the separation tank After gas-solid separation, the supercritical C0 2 pressure is reduced to gaseous CO 2 , and the accompanying impurities will precipitate. After the gas passes through the three-dimensional double-filter structure, it is recycled to the CO 2 gas cylinder for the next time. cycle.
  • the diameter ratio of the diameter of the polyester yarn is 0.5-1.4:1.
  • a yarn produced by the above-described yarn-free water-staining method characterized in that the yarn is a polyester filament or a polyester staple fiber yarn.
  • a textile produced using the above polyester filament characterized in that the textile comprises a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, an underwear, and an outer garment.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared to the prior art:
  • the dye dissolution medium used in the present invention is a supercritical CO 2 , it has both high permeability of gas and solubility of liquid. It is easier to penetrate into the inside of the yarn than water, and it is easier to color the dye.
  • the present invention uses a dye filter cake as a dye for dyeing, and a commercial dye containing a large amount of auxiliary materials is discarded, thereby improving the solubility of the dye and improving the dyeing efficiency.
  • the dye filter cake is purified by the invention, and the dye cake is inevitable in the process of production and processing. By-products or residual production materials may occur.
  • a special organic solvent By dissolving the dye in a special organic solvent
  • the present invention achieves uniform dyeing of the bobbin by appropriately adjusting the diameter/height ratio of the bobbin.
  • the present invention employs a multi-dye dissolution channel mode to dissolve different dyes so that different dyes do not interfere with each other, and the occurrence of color problems is reduced in the multicolor color matching dyeing process.
  • the present invention uses a stream of interleaved inner and outer circular fashion, i.e., the flow of CO 2 fluid carrying dye accordance with the process parameters required for continuously dyeing yarn permeation commutation, this approach can ensure Cheese Each position is evenly colored, reducing the occurrence of color problems.
  • the present invention employs a multi-stage duplex separation structure for thorough gas-solid separation
  • inventive yarn-free dyeing apparatus of the present invention is free from the dependence of conventional dyeing on water and is achieved. 02 about 90% of recycling, from the source to solve the production and emission of pollutants, have significant ecological and environmental characteristics of cleaner production, with a very broad application prospects in the textile printing and dyeing industry, energy saving, clean production .
  • FIG. 1 is a connection structure diagram of a waterless dyeing apparatus for a yarn according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a dyeing kettle in the yarnless dyeing apparatus of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of a yarnless dyeing apparatus of the present invention comprises a dye tank 1, a dyeing tank 2, a recovery tank 6, and a communication with the dye tank 1, a dyeing tank 2 and a recovery kettle. 6 dyeing circulatory system.
  • a yarn inlet is provided at the top of the dyeing tank 1
  • a sealing cover 7 is disposed at the yarn inlet
  • a yarn center shaft 10 is vertically disposed in the middle of the dyeing tank, and the yarn center shaft 10 is a fluid discharge hole on the tube wall. trachea.
  • An intake pipe 13 is disposed at the bottom of the dyeing tank 2, and the intake pipe 13 is in communication with the yarn center shaft 10 (outlet pipe), and a dyeing kettle is disposed on the dyeing tank 2.
  • the outlet 9 includes a CO 2 gas cylinder, a pressure pump, a circulation pump 3, and a line.
  • the above dye pot 2 includes three juxtaposed dye tanks, and a valve for controlling the flow rate is disposed on the inlet of the lower portion of the three sub-dye tanks.
  • the CO 2 gas cylinder 4 is connected to a valve on the gas inlet of the three sub-dye tanks through a pipeline, and the outlets of the three sub-dye tanks are connected to the intake pipe 13 of the dyeing tank 2 through a pipeline.
  • the above-mentioned dyeing kettle outlet 9 is divided into two ways: one way is connected to the circulation pump 3 through a pipeline, and the circulation pump 3 is respectively connected to the valve on the inlet port of the three sub-dye tanks through the pipeline; the other passage through the pipeline and the pressure discharge valve in communication with the recovery tank 6, a recovery tank connected to the condenser 6 through a line 5, and then communicates with the CO 2 cylinder 4 condenser 5, CO 2 cylinder 4 in communication with the pressure pump, Heating sleeves are respectively set on the three sub-dye cans
  • the dyeing tank 2 is a vertically placed cylindrical body, and a self-sealing coil 8 is disposed on the sealing cover 7, and a yarn is disposed around the inner shaft (exhaust pipe) 10 of the yarn in the inner surface of the dyeing tank 2.
  • the lower seal ring 12 is disposed on the side wall 11 of the upper portion of the dyeing tank 2.
  • the recovery tank 6 described above is an elongated cylindrical kettle body, and a three-dimensional duplex filter structure is disposed in the recovery kettle 6.
  • a specific embodiment of the method for performing waterless dyeing by using the above-mentioned yarn-free water-staining device includes a yarn preparation and a dyeing method, and the dyeing method comprises the following steps:
  • the dyes required for dyeing are selected, and the dyes that have been purified are dried and ground. According to the process requirements, the required dyes are separately weighed and placed in corresponding sub-dye jars, according to the dyes. Solubility in the supercritical CO 2 fluid, correspondingly adjusting the flow rate of each sub-dye tank dyed into the valve on the gas port; placing the prepared yarn into the dyeing tank and tying the yarn on the shaft;
  • the dye adopts a dye filter cake, and the dye cake is first used. After being dissolved in an organic solvent, it is filtered, dried, and ground to obtain a high-solubility disperse dye having a purity of at least 99.7%; the dye is a D50 dye having a particle size of 0.05 mm, and the yarn is a polyester yarn, polyester.
  • the bobbins are polyester filament or polyester staple yarn.
  • the process parameter setting value of the internal pressure of each sub-dye tank is 8 MPa-30 MPa, and the process parameter setting value of the temperature is 60° C.-120° C., and the yarn is cyclically dyed.
  • the diurnal temperature is 50mi n -360min, and the dye-containing supercritical fluid is in full contact with the dye in the dye pot during the cycle, and then dyed and dyed by the dyeing tank to achieve the diffusion of dye dyeing_adsorption_desorption process.
  • the dyed fluid is gas-solid separated after being released from the separation vessel, and the supercritical CO 2 pressure is released into gaseous CO 2 , and the incident impurities are precipitated. After passing through the three-dimensional duplex filter structure, the gas is recycled to the CO 2 gas cylinder for the next cycle.
  • the above-mentioned polyester yarn has a height ratio of 0.5-1.4:1;
  • An embodiment of a textile produced using the above-described polyester filaments including textile fabrics, garment articles, shoes, caps, jewelry, and the like.
  • Textile fabrics such as: pure polyester knitted fabrics, pure polyester woven fabrics, or fabrics or composite fabrics interwoven with other yarns.
  • Garment products such as: knitted underwear, shirts, sportswear, uniforms, skirts, jackets, suits, and the like.
  • Jewelry such as: tie, scarf, etc.
  • the polyester yarn dyed by the anhydrous dyeing method of the present invention is woven, and the color difference ⁇ at three different positions in the inner and outer portions is observed.
  • the invention is adopted
  • the color difference of the inner and outer layers of the yarn dyed by the dyeing method is between 0.5 and 0.7, which belongs to almost no color difference grade.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Abstract

一种无水筒纱染色设备、染色方法及产品,包括染料釜(1)、染色釜(2)、回收釜(6)及连通所述染料釜(1)、染色釜(2)及回收釜(6)的染色循环系统,所述染色釜(2)的顶部为筒纱入口,筒纱入口配置密封盖(7),在染色釜(2)内的中间竖直设置纱线中轴(10),所述纱线中轴(10)为管壁上开有流体释放孔的出气管,在染色釜(2)底部设置进气管(13),所述进气管(13)与出气管连通,在染色釜(2)上设置染色釜出口(9);所述染色循环系统包括CO 2储气瓶(4)、加压泵、循环泵(3)及管路。各种染料置于染料釜(1)中,将筒纱放入到染色釜(2)内,向染料釜(1)中打入CO 2,染料逐渐溶解,并随着CO 2流体到达染色釜(2)内开始着色、扩散过程。具有生产效率高,匀染效果好,安全性强,适于涤纶筒子纱线的无水染色。

Description

一种筒纱无水染色设备、 染色方法及产 技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于染色技术领域, 涉及到一种超临界 CO 2无水染色技术, 具体说是一 种筒纱无水染色设备、 染色方法及产品。
背景技术
[0002] 我国是一个水资源严重短缺的国家, 水资源环境也在不断的恶化, 再加上用水 的浪费, 水资源形势更是不容乐观。 在传统的染色过程中, 我们通常采用水作 为主要的介质。 大量的染料、 表面活性剂等化学物质都会对环境的可持续发展 造成不良的影响。 此外, 对染色排出的污水需要进行中和、 沉降等处理, 都需 要花费大量的人力物力。 据不完全统计, 我国纺织印染行业年耗水量达 17亿吨 , 污水的排放达到 16亿吨。 而近几年来, 我国大部分地区的水资源严重短缺, 特别是污水排放等问题严重的制约染整行业的进一步发展。 因此, 为防止污染 , 幵发绿色有效的染色工艺, 成为未来染整的正确方向。
[0003] 近几年来, 一种新型的绿色染色方式 _超临界 CO 2无水染色给未来的染整行业 带来了新的曙光。 该技术由于其具有高效率, 无污染, 染色吋间短等优良的特 点, 备受青睐。 该技术采用超临界 CO 2作为染色介质, 在 CO 2被加热温度超过 31 °C, 压强超过 7.3MPa吋, 此吋变成了一种非气非液的状态 _超临界态。 然后, 由循环泵打压到燃料罐和染色罐之间不断的循环, CO 2将溶解的染料送到纤维的 孔隙, 使染料均匀快速的染到织物上面。 整个过程不需要清洗、 烘干的过程。 目前许多国家都在努力的研制这种具有节能减排、 适用广泛的新型绿色染整设 备, 试图将其推向产业化, 实用化。
[0004] 然而, 作为一种新型的染色产业技术, 在实际生产过程中必然会遇到各种新问 题出现, 而现有的工艺技术也远未达到规模化生产的水平。
[0005] 在已经公幵的中国专利中, 伊恩华等人发面的无水染色试验设备 (专利号: C N200310121145.9) 只是笼统地介绍无水染色, 但并没有给出详细的染色工艺技 术。 郑来久等人提出了采用超临界 CO 2无水染色技术 (CN201010160181.6) 对 短纤维进行染色的方法, 但这种染色方式远远不能满足涤纶产品每年约 3800万 吨巨额的消耗量。 且其只能采用少量的几种染料进行染色。 中国发明专利 "超临 界二氧化碳染色装置中的染色釜" (公幵号 CN1807742A) , 则公幵了一种采用 染色流体双向循环的染色装置, 以实现对织物的均匀染色。 在其操作过程中, 需要转换染色流体的循环方向, 这就对无水染色的超高压设备的幵关等关键部 件的密封性、 安全性提出了很高的要求。 而国内大部分阀门部件根本不能满足 其使用寿命需求。 中国发明专利 "一种采用超临界流体进行连续化染色的生产系 统及其生产工艺" (公幵号 CN101024922A) , 公幵了一种采用了集成式染色釜 及系统, 采用立式经轴染色模型, 多组并联的染色釜以达到连续式生产, 以提 高生产效率。 然而, 上述公幵的中小型设备中, 其工艺技术并不成熟。 而且, 在目前能够检索到的专利文献中, 还未发现有工艺成熟的涤纶筒子纱染色技术 公幵。 对筒子纱的染色是纱线被缠绕在一根金属或者一次性塑料管上, 需要靠 循环泵的强制作用从内层向外层穿透纱线, 但由于经轴上的织物纱线处于静止 状态, 仅靠流体的强制循环带动染料穿过纱线因而易受到流体的传质路径等因 素的影响, 导致匀染性下降。 此外, 由于筒子纱具有很大的密度, 这也增加了 对循环泵的设计要求和难度, 这也对染色系统的各个关键部件提出了更加苛刻 的要求。 。
技术问题
[0006] 针对现有技术存在的上述问题, 如何设计一种无水筒纱染色设备及方法, 具有 生产效率高, 匀染效果好, 安全性强, 特别是适于涤纶筒子纱线的超临界 CO 2无 水染色, 真正实现工业化生产。 这是目前亟待解决的技术问题。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0007] 为了解决现有技术存在的上述问题和不足, 本发明提供一种无水筒纱染色设备 及方法, 具有生产效率高, 匀染效果好, 安全性强, 适于批量涤纶筒子纱线的 超临界 CO 2无水染色。
[0008] 本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
[0009] 一种筒纱无水染色设备, 包括染料釜、 染色釜、 回收釜及连通所述染料釜、 染 色釜及回收釜的染色循环系统, 其特征在于, 所述的染色釜的顶部为筒纱入口 , 所述筒纱入口配置密封盖, 所述染色釜内的中间竖直设置纱线中轴, 所述纱 线中轴为管壁上幵有流体释放孔的出气管, 所述染色釜底部设置进气管, 所述 进气管与所述出气管连通, 所述染色釜上设置染色釜出口; 所述染色循环系统 包括 CO 2储气瓶、 加压泵、 循环泵及管路。
[0010] 对上述技术方案的改进: 所述的染料釜至少包括 3个并列的子染料罐, 各所述 子染料罐下部的入气口上设置可控制流量的阀门; 所述 CO 2储气瓶通过管路与各 所述子染料罐入气口上的阀门连通, 各所述子染料罐的出口通过管路与所述染 色釜的进气管连通, 所述染色釜出口分出两路: 一路通过管路与所述循环泵连 通, 所述循环泵再通过管路与各所述子染料罐入气口上的阀门连接, 另一路通 过管路及排压阀与所述回收釜连通, 所述回收釜通过管路与一冷凝器连接, 所 述冷凝器再与所述 CO 2储气瓶连通, 所述 CO 2储气瓶与所述加压泵连通, 各所述 子染料罐上分别设置加热套, 与所述子染料罐连接的管路上缠绕电加热丝。
[0011] 对上述技术方案的进一步改进: 所述的染色釜为一竖直放置的圆柱形釜体, 所 述密封盖上设置自密封线圈, 所述染色釜内底面围绕所述排气管设置筒纱下密 封圈, 所述染色釜出口设置在染色釜上部的侧壁。
[0012] 对上述技术方案的进一步改进: 所述的回收釜为一细长的圆柱形釜体, 所述的 回收釜内设置立体复式的过滤结构。
[0013] 一种利用上述筒纱无水染色设备进行无水染色的方法, 包括纱线准备、 染色方 法, 其特征在于, 所述染色方法包括如下步骤:
[0014] (1) 首先, 选取染色所需要的染料, 对已经提纯的染料进行烘干、 研磨, 根 据工艺要求, 分别称量所需要的染料并置于对应的子染料罐内, 根据染料在超 临界 CO 2流体中的溶解度, 相应的调节各子染料罐染入气口上阀门的流量; 将准 备好的筒纱放入到染色釜内, 并套在所述纱线中轴上;
[0015] (2) 幵启加压泵, 向各子染料罐中打入适量的 CO 2, 幵启加热套与伴热电路 , 当各子染料罐内的温度与压强达到工艺参数设定值吋, 幵启循环泵, 此吋染 料逐渐的溶解, 并随着 CO 2流体到达染色釜内幵始着色、 扩散过程, 并持续一段 吋间; [0016] (3) 达到实验所要求的染色吋间后, 进行回收分离。 打幵排压阀, 流体进入 到分离釜幵始分离, 分离之后的 CO 2进入到冷凝器, 变为液体回收至 CO 2储气瓶
[0017] (4) 最后, 打幵染色釜, 取出筒纱。
[0018] 对上述技术方案的改进: 所述步骤 (1) 中, 所述筒纱为涤纶筒纱, 所述染料 采用染料滤饼, 先将所述染料滤饼采用有机溶剂溶解之后再过滤、 烘干、 研磨 , 得到所需要的纯度至少达到 99.7%的高溶解度分散染料; 所述染料采用粒度为 0.05mm的 D50染料; 所述步骤 (2) 中, 各子染料罐内压强的工艺参数设定值为 8MPa-30 MPa、 温度的工艺参数设定值为 60°C-120°C, 对纱线进行循环染色的吋 间为 50min-360min, 含有染料的超临界流体在循环的过程中与染料釜中的染料充 分接触, 再经过染色釜与纱线接触上色, 实现染料上染的扩散 _吸附 _解吸过 程; 所述步骤 (3) 中, 染色后的流体在经分离釜释压后气固分离, 超临界态的 C0 2释压, 变为气态 CO 2, 其中所附带的杂质会沉淀下来, 而气体经过立体复式 的过滤结构后, 回收至 CO 2储气瓶, 参与下一次循环。
[0019] 对上述技术方案的进一步改进: 所述涤纶筒纱的直径高度比例为 0.5-1.4: 1。
[0020] 一种利用上述筒纱无水染色方法生产的筒纱, 其特征在于, 所述筒纱为涤纶长 丝或涤纶短纤纱线。
[0021] 一种利用上述涤纶长丝生产的纺织品, 其特征在于, 所述的纺织品包括针织面 料、 机织面料、 内衣、 外衣。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0022] 本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点和积极效果:
[0023] 1.由于本发明采用的染料溶解介质是超临界态的 CO 2, 其兼具有气体的高渗透 性和液体的溶解性。 比水更容易渗透到纱线的内部, 携带的染料着色也就更加 容易。
[0024] 2.本发明采用染料滤饼来作为染色的染料, 摒弃了含有大量助剂辅料的商品染 料, 提高了染料的溶解度, 提高染色效率。
[0025] 3.本发明对染料滤饼进行了提纯, 染料滤饼在生产加工的过程中, 不可避免的 会出现副产物或者残余的生产原料。 通过将染料溶解在一种特殊的有机溶剂中
, 然后进行过滤, 得到染色用具有高溶解度的染料。
[0026] 4.本发明采用通过适当调节筒纱的直径 /高之比来实现了对筒纱的均匀染色。
[0027] 5.本发明采用了多染料溶解通道的模式来对不同的染料进行溶解, 使得不同的 染料溶解互不影响, 在多色拼色染色过程中, 减少花色问题的出现。
[0028] 6.本发明采用一种内外流相互交错循环的方式, 即携带染料的 CO 2流体的流向 按照工艺参数要求, 对纱线进行不断换向的渗透染色, 这种方式能够保证筒纱 的每一个位置均匀着色, 减少花色问题出现。
[0029] 7.在回收釜中, 本发明采用了一种多级复式的分离结构, 进行彻底的气固分离
, 保证纯净的 CO 2进行下一次染色, 不对接下来的染色造成影响。
[0030] 8.此外, 本发明的筒纱无水染色设备摆脱了传统染色对水的依赖, 并且实现了 对。0 2约90%的回收利用, 从源头上解决了污染物的生产和排放, 具有显著的生 态环保以及清洁生产的特点, 在纺织印染行业的节能减排、 清洁生产中具有非 常广阔的应用前景。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0031] 图 1为本发明筒纱无水染色设备的连接结构图;
[0032] 图 2为本发明筒纱无水染色设备中染色釜的结构示意图。
[0033] 图中, 1-染料釜; 2-染色釜; 3-循环泵; 4-C0 2
储气瓶; 5-冷凝器; 6-回收釜; 7-密封盖; 8-自密封线圈; 9-染色釜出口; 10-纱 线中轴; 11-染色釜侧壁; 12-筒纱下密封圈; 13-进气管。
本发明的实施方式
[0034] 参见图 1、 图 2, 本发明一种筒纱无水染色设备的实施例, 包括染料釜 1、 染色 釜 2、 回收釜 6及连通所述染料釜 1、 染色釜 2及回收釜 6的染色循环系统。 在染色 釜 1的顶部设置筒纱入口, 筒纱入口配置密封盖 7, 在染色釜内的中间竖直设置 纱线中轴 10, 纱线中轴 10为管壁上幵有流体释放孔的出气管。 在染色釜 2底部设 置进气管 13, 进气管 13与纱线中轴 10 (出气管) 连通, 在染色釜 2上设置染色釜 出口 9; 所述染色循环系统包括 CO 2储气瓶、 加压泵、 循环泵 3及管路。
[0035] 具体而言: 上述的染料釜 2包括 3个并列的子染料罐, 3个子染料罐下部的入气 口上设置可控制流量的阀门。 上述 CO 2储气瓶 4通过管路与分别与 3个子染料罐入 气口上的阀门连通, 3个子染料罐的出口通过管路与染色釜 2的进气管 13连通。 上述染色釜出口 9分出两路: 一路通过管路与所述循环泵 3连通, 循环泵 3再通过 管路分别与 3个子染料罐入气口上的阀门连接; 另一路通过管路及排压阀一起与 所述回收釜 6连通, 回收釜 6通过管路与一冷凝器 5连接, 冷凝器 5再与 CO 2 储气瓶 4连通, CO 2储气瓶 4与所述加压泵连通, 3个子染料罐上分别设置加热套
, 与所述子染料罐连接的管路上缠绕电加热丝。
[0036] 上述染色釜 2为一竖直放置的圆柱形釜体, 在其密封盖 7上设置自密封线圈 8, 在染色釜 2内底面围绕纱线中轴 (排气管) 10设置筒纱下密封圈 12, 所述染色釜 出口 9设置在染色釜 2上部的侧壁 11上。
[0037] 上述的回收釜 6为一细长的圆柱形釜体, 在回收釜 6内设置立体复式的过滤结构
[0038] 参见图 1、 图 2, 一种利用上述筒纱无水染色设备进行无水染色方法的具体实施 方式, 包括纱线准备、 染色方法, 所述染色方法包括如下步骤:
[0039] (1) 首先, 选取染色所需要的染料, 对已经提纯的染料进行烘干、 研磨, 根 据工艺要求, 分别称量所需要的染料并置于对应的子染料罐内, 根据染料在超 临界 CO 2流体中的溶解度, 相应的调节各子染料罐染入气口上阀门的流量; 将准 备好的筒纱放入到染色釜内, 并套在所述纱线中轴上;
[0040] (2) 幵启加压泵, 向各子染料罐中打入适量的 CO 2, 幵启加热套与伴热电路 , 当各子染料罐内的温度与压强达到工艺参数设定值吋, 幵启循环泵, 此吋染 料逐渐的溶解, 并随着 CO 2流体到达染色釜内幵始着色、 扩散过程, 并持续一段 吋间;
[0041] (3) 然后, 进行回收分离过程, 打幵排压阀, 流体进入到分离釜幵始分离, 分离之后的 CO 2进入到冷凝器, 变为液体回收至 CO 2储气瓶;
[0042] (4) 最后, 打幵染色釜, 取出筒纱。
[0043] 具体而言: 上述步骤 (1) 中, 所述染料采用染料滤饼, 先将所述染料滤饼采 用有机溶剂溶解之后再过滤、 烘干、 研磨, 得到所需要的纯度至少达到 99.7%的 高溶解度分散染料; 所述染料采用粒度为 0.05mm的 D50染料, 所述筒纱为涤纶 筒纱, 涤纶筒纱为涤纶长丝或涤纶短纤纱线。
[0044] 上述步骤 (2) 中, 各子染料罐内压强的工艺参数设定值为 8MPa-30 MPa、 温 度的工艺参数设定值为 60°C-120°C, 对纱线进行循环染色的吋间为 50min-360min , 含有染料的超临界流体在循环的过程中与染料釜中的染料充分接触, 再经过 染色釜与纱线接触上色, 实现染料上染的扩散 _吸附 _解吸过程。
[0045] 上述步骤 (3) 中, 染色后的流体在经分离釜释压后气固分离, 超临界态的 CO 2释压, 变为气态 CO 2, 其中所附带的杂质会沉淀下来, 而气体经过立体复式的 过滤结构后, 回收至 CO 2储气瓶, 参与下一次循环。
[0046] 优选的, 上述涤纶筒纱的直径高度比例为 0.5-1.4: 1;
[0047] 本发明一种利用上述筒纱无水染色方法生产的筒纱的实施例, 所述筒纱为涤纶 长丝或涤纶短纤纱线。
[0048] 本发明一种利用上述涤纶长丝生产的纺织品的实施例, 纺织品包括纺织面料、 成衣制品、 鞋、 帽、 饰品等。
[0049] 纺织面料如: 纯涤纶针织面料、 纯涤纶机织面料, 也可是与其他纱线交织的面 料或复合面料等。
[0050] 成衣制品如: 针织内衣、 衬衣、 运动服、 制服、 裙子、 夹克、 西服等。
[0051] 饰品如: 领带、 围巾等。
[0052] 本发明产品各项性能指标检测结果:
[0053] 首先, 对采用本发明按照 GB/T.3921.1-1997
纺织品色牢度试验耐洗色牢度, GB7565-87纺织品色牢度试验棉和粘胶标准贴 衬织物规格和 GB6151-857纺织品色牢度试验色牢度的评定, 进行织物色牢度测 试分析。 结果显示本发明染后织物的耐摩擦色牢度和耐水洗色牢度均可达到 GB18401-2003 《国家纺织产品基本安全技术规范》 的要求, 耐磨擦色牢度可达 到 3~4级, 耐水洗色牢度可达到 4~5级。
[0054] 经过对本发明无水染色方法染得的涤纶筒纱进行织布, 观察其内中外三个不同 位置处的色差值 Δε。 根据 GB/T 3979-1997国家物体色测量方法标准, 采用本发明 染色方法染得的筒纱其内中外层的色差 在 0.5-0.7之间, 属于几乎无色差等级。
[0055] 以上检测结果证明: 本发明无水染色方法生产的产品, 完全可以达到国家有关 质量标准要求, 适于批量生产涤纶筒子纱线, 具备工业化生产的条件。
[0056] 当然, 上述说明并非是对本发明的限制, 本发明也并不限于上述举例, 本技术 领域的普通技术人员, 在本发明的实质范围内, 所做出的变化、 改型、 添加或 替换, 也应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种筒纱无水染色设备, 包括染料釜、 染色釜、 回收釜及连通所述染 料釜、 染色釜及回收釜的染色循环系统, 其特征在于, 所述的染色釜 的顶部为筒纱入口, 所述筒纱入口配置密封盖, 所述染色釜内的中间 竖直设置纱线中轴, 所述纱线中轴为管壁上幵有流体释放孔的出气管 , 所述染色釜底部设置进气管, 所述进气管与所述出气管连通, 所述 染色釜上设置染色釜出口; 所述染色循环系统包括 CO 2储气瓶、 加压 泵、 循环泵及管路。
[权利要求 2] 按照权利要求 1所述的筒纱无水染色设备, 其特征在于, 所述的染料 釜至少包括 3个并列的子染料罐, 各所述子染料罐下部的入气口上设 置可控制流量的阀门; 所述 CO 2储气瓶通过管路与各所述子染料罐入 气口上的阀门连通, 各所述子染料罐的出口通过管路与所述染色釜的 进气管连通, 所述染色釜出口分出两路: 一路通过管路与所述循环泵 连通, 所述循环泵再通过管路与各所述子染料罐入气口上的阀门连接 , 另一路通过管路及排压阀与所述回收釜连通, 所述回收釜通过管路 与一冷凝器连接, 所述冷凝器再与所述 CO 2储气瓶连通, 所述。0 2储 气瓶与所述加压泵连通, 各所述子染料罐上分别设置加热套, 与所述 子染料罐连接的管路上缠绕电加热丝。
[权利要求 3] 按照权利要求 1或 2所述的筒纱无水染色设备, 其特征在于, 所述的染 色釜为一竖直放置的圆柱形釜体, 所述密封盖上设置自密封线圈, 所 述染色釜内底面围绕所述排气管设置筒纱下密封圈, 所述染色釜出口 设置在染色釜上部的侧壁。
[权利要求 4] 按照权利要求 3所述的筒纱无水染色设备, 其特征在于, 所述的回收 釜为一细长的圆柱形釜体, 所述的回收釜内设置立体复式的过滤结构
[权利要求 5] —种利用权利要求 1-4任一项所述的筒纱无水染色设备进行无水染色 的方法, 包括纱线准备、 染色方法, 其特征在于, 所述染色方法包括 如下步骤: (1) 首先, 选取染色所需要的染料, 对已经提纯的染料进行烘干、 研磨, 根据工艺要求, 分别称量所需要的染料并置于对应的子染料罐 内, 根据染料在超临界 CO 2流体中的溶解度, 相应的调节各子染料罐 染入气口上阀门的流量; 将准备好的筒纱放入到染色釜内, 并套在所 述纱线中轴上;
(2) 幵启加压泵, 向循环回路中打入适量的 CO 2, 幵启加热套与伴 热电路, 当各子染料罐内的温度与压强达到工艺参数设定值吋, 幵启 循环泵, 此吋染料逐渐的溶解, 并随着 CO 2流体到达染色釜内幵始着 色、 扩散过程, 并持续一段吋间;
(3) 染色完成后, 进行回收分离过程, 打幵排压阀, 流体进入到分 离釜幵始分离, 分离之后的 CO 2进入到冷凝器, 变为液体回收至 CO 2 储气瓶;
(4) 最后, 打幵染色釜, 取出筒纱。
[权利要求 6] 按照权利要求 5所述的筒纱无水染色设备进行无水染色的方法, 其特 征在于, 所述步骤 (1) 中, 所述筒纱为涤纶筒纱, 所述染料采用染 料滤饼, 先将所述染料滤饼采用有机溶剂溶解之后再过滤、 烘干、 研 磨, 得到所需要的纯度至少达到 99.7%的高溶解度分散染料; 所述染 料采用粒度为 0.05mm的 D50染料; 所述步骤 (2) 中, 各子染料罐内 压强的工艺参数设定值为 8MPa-30 MPa、 温度的工艺参数设定值为 60 °C-120°C, 对纱线进行循环染色的吋间为 20min-360min, 含有染料的 超临界流体在循环的过程中与染料釜中的染料充分接触, 再经过染色 釜与纱线接触上色, 实现染料上染的扩散 _吸附 _解吸过程; 所述步 骤 (3) 中, 染色后的流体在经分离釜释压后气固分离, 超临界态的 C0 2释压, 变为气态 CO 2, 其中所附带的杂质会沉淀下来, 而气体经 过立体复式的过滤结构后, 回收至 CO 2储气瓶, 参与下一次循环。
[权利要求 7] 按照权利要求 6所述的筒纱无水染色设备进行无水染色的方法, 其特 征在于, 所述涤纶筒纱的直径高度比例为 0.5-1.4: 1。
[权利要求 8] —种如权利要求 5-7任一项所述筒纱无水染色方法生产的筒纱, 其特 征在于, 所述筒纱为涤纶长丝或涤纶短纤纱线。
[权利要求 9] 一种利用权利要求 8所述涤纶长丝生产的纺织品, 其特征在于, 所述 的纺织品包括针织面料、 机织面料、 内衣、 外衣。
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