WO2018095186A1 - 导热铝合金及其应用 - Google Patents

导热铝合金及其应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018095186A1
WO2018095186A1 PCT/CN2017/107692 CN2017107692W WO2018095186A1 WO 2018095186 A1 WO2018095186 A1 WO 2018095186A1 CN 2017107692 W CN2017107692 W CN 2017107692W WO 2018095186 A1 WO2018095186 A1 WO 2018095186A1
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aluminum alloy
parts
conductive aluminum
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PCT/CN2017/107692
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭强
李运春
张春萌
谢勇亮
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比亚迪股份有限公司
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Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority to US16/463,426 priority Critical patent/US20210108290A1/en
Priority to EP17874325.8A priority patent/EP3546607A4/en
Priority to KR1020197014544A priority patent/KR20190073465A/ko
Priority to JP2019527302A priority patent/JP2020500265A/ja
Publication of WO2018095186A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018095186A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C2202/00—Physical properties

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of aluminum alloy technology, and in particular to a heat conductive aluminum alloy and its application.
  • Aluminum alloy materials are widely used in aviation, aerospace, electronic and electrical products, automotive, machinery manufacturing and other fields because of their low density, high strength, good plasticity, excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance.
  • the present disclosure provides a thermally conductive aluminum alloy containing an alloying element, unavoidable impurities, and a balance of aluminum elements, wherein the alloying elements are based on the total weight of the thermally conductive aluminum alloy.
  • the alloying elements are based on the total weight of the thermally conductive aluminum alloy.
  • the thermal conductive aluminum alloy prepared by the present disclosure has a tensile strength of not less than 250 MPa, a yield strength of not less than 150 MPa, an elongation of not less than 3.5%, and a thermal conductivity of not less than 150 W/(m ⁇ K).
  • the mechanical properties are high, and the flow molding performance is good.
  • the molding fluidity of the material measured by the mosquito-repellent mold is not less than 1150 mm; the heat-conductive aluminum alloy can be recycled and reused multiple times, and the thermal conductivity of the 5-cycle die-casting material is >125 W/(m ⁇ K).
  • the thermal conductivity of the new material is more than 83%; the thermal conductivity of the 10-cycle die-casting material is >112W/(m ⁇ K), which is more than 75% of the thermal conductivity of the new material.
  • the alloying element comprises: 8.0-11.0% by weight of Si based on the total weight of the thermally conductive aluminum alloy. 0.4-0.6% by weight of Fe, 0.4-0.8% by weight of Mg, less than 0.01% by weight of Zn, less than 0.01% by weight of Mn, less than 0.1% by weight of Sr and less than 0.01% by weight of Cu.
  • the heat-conductive aluminum alloy prepared by the formulation has a tensile strength of not less than 270 MPa, a yield strength of not less than 160 MPa, an elongation of not less than 5%, and a thermal conductivity of not less than 160 W/(m ⁇ K).
  • the impurity element in the thermally conductive aluminum alloy does not exceed 0.2% by weight.
  • the thermally conductive aluminum alloy comprises 5.0-11.0% by weight of Si, 0.4-1.0% by weight of Fe, 0.2-1.0% by weight of Mg, less than 0.1% by weight of Zn, less than 0.1% by weight of Mn, and less than 0.1.
  • the weight % of Sr, less than 0.1% by weight of Cu, does not exceed 0.2% by weight of the impurity element and the balance of aluminum.
  • the thermally conductive aluminum alloy comprises 8.0-11.0% by weight of Si, 0.4-0.6% by weight of Fe, 0.4-0.8% by weight of Mg, less than 0.01% by weight of Zn, less than 0.01% by weight of Mn, and less than 0.1.
  • the weight % of Sr, less than 0.01% by weight of Cu, does not exceed 0.2% by weight of the impurity element and the balance of aluminum.
  • the present disclosure also provides the use of a thermally conductive aluminum alloy as described above in the manufacture of metal structural members and/or heat sinks for electronic and electrical products.
  • a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a thermally conductive aluminum alloy containing an alloying element, unavoidable impurities, and a balance of aluminum elements, wherein the alloying elements may be based on the total weight of the thermally conductive aluminum alloy Including: 5.0-11.0% by weight of Si, 0.4-1.0% by weight of Fe, 0.2-1.0% by weight of Mg, less than 0.1% by weight of Zn, less than 0.1% by weight of Mn, less than 0.1% by weight of Sr and less than 0.1% by weight % of Cu.
  • the thermal conductive aluminum alloy prepared by the present disclosure has a tensile strength of not less than 250 MPa, a yield strength of not less than 150 MPa, an elongation of not less than 3.5%, and a thermal conductivity of not less than 150 W/(m ⁇ K).
  • the mechanical properties are high, and the flow molding performance is good.
  • the molding fluidity of the material measured by the mosquito-repellent mold is not less than 1150mm; the heat-conductive aluminum alloy can be recycled and reused for many times, and the thermal conductivity of the 5-cycle die-casting material is not less than 125W/(m ⁇ K). ), the thermal conductivity of the new material is more than 83%; the thermal conductivity of the 10-cycle die-casting material is not less than 112W/(m ⁇ K), which is more than 75% of the thermal conductivity of the new material.
  • the alloying elements may include: 8.0-11.0% by weight based on the total weight of the thermally conductive aluminum alloy.
  • Si 0.4-0.6 Fe% by weight, 0.4-0.8% by weight of Mg, less than 0.01% by weight of Zn, less than 0.01% by weight of Mn, less than 0.1% by weight of Sr and less than 0.01% by weight of Cu.
  • the heat-conductive aluminum alloy prepared by the formula has a tensile strength of not less than 270 MPa, a yield strength of not less than 160 MPa, an elongation of not less than 5%, a thermal conductivity of not less than 160 W/(m ⁇ K), and a five-cycle die-casting material.
  • the thermal conductivity is not lower than 138W/(m ⁇ K), which is 86% or more of the thermal conductivity of the new material; the thermal conductivity of the 10-cycle die-casting material is not less than 125W/(m ⁇ K), which is more than 78% of the thermal conductivity of the new material.
  • the purity of the aluminum alloy is one of the important factors affecting the properties of the aluminum alloy, and in order to make the thermally conductive aluminum alloy of the present disclosure excellent in performance, the impurity element in the heat conductive aluminum alloy does not exceed 0.2% by weight.
  • the thermally conductive aluminum alloy is composed of 5.0-11.0% by weight of Si, 0.4-1.0% by weight of Fe, 0.2- 1.0% by weight of Mg, less than 0.1% by weight of Zn, less than 0.1% by weight of Mn, less than 0.1% by weight of Sr, less than 0.1% by weight of Cu, not more than 0.2% by weight of an impurity element and the balance of aluminum.
  • the tensile strength of the thermally conductive aluminum alloy prepared by the formulation is not less than 250 MPa, the yield strength is not less than 150 MPa, the elongation is not less than 3.5%, the thermal conductivity is not less than 150 W/(m ⁇ K), and the flow molding property is good.
  • the molding fluidity of the material measured by the mosquito scent mold is not less than 1150 mm.
  • the thermally conductive aluminum alloy is composed of 8.0-11.0% by weight of Si, 0.4-0.6% by weight of Fe, 0.4- 0.8% by weight of Mg, less than 0.01% by weight of Zn, less than 0.01% by weight of Mn, less than 0.1% by weight of Sr and less than 0.01% by weight of Cu composition.
  • the heat-conductive aluminum alloy prepared by the formula has a tensile strength of not less than 270 MPa, a yield strength of not less than 160 MPa, an elongation of not less than 5%, a thermal conductivity of not less than 160 W/(m ⁇ K), and a five-cycle die-casting material.
  • the thermal conductivity is not lower than 138W/(m ⁇ K), which is 86% or more of the thermal conductivity of the new material; the thermal conductivity of the 10-cycle die-casting material is not less than 125W/(m ⁇ K), which is more than 78% of the thermal conductivity of the new material.
  • a second aspect of the present disclosure provides the use of a thermally conductive aluminum alloy as described above in the manufacture of metal structural members and/or heat sinks for electronic and electrical products.
  • the furnace was preheated at 400 ° C for 25 minutes, and argon gas was purged, and the corresponding parts by weight of pure aluminum ingot was added for melting.
  • the temperature of the pure aluminum liquid reached 800 ° C, the temperature was allowed to stand for 25 minutes to fully melt the pure aluminum ingot.
  • the furnace was preheated at 400 ° C for 25 minutes, and argon gas was purged, and the corresponding parts by weight of pure aluminum ingot was added for melting.
  • the temperature of the pure aluminum liquid reached 800 ° C
  • the temperature was allowed to stand for 25 minutes to fully melt the pure aluminum ingot.
  • the furnace was cooled to 760 ° C, 11.0 parts by weight of pure silicon was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at a constant temperature for 25 minutes.
  • the stirring was continued for 15 minutes; when the temperature of the furnace was lowered to 700 ° C, the remaining intermediate alloy was added, and the mixture was completely allowed to stand after melting.
  • 1.0 part by weight of magnesium was added.
  • the heat-conducting aluminum alloy of the present embodiment is obtained by the feed having an unacceptable content of the melt reaching the acceptable range by feeding or dilution.
  • the furnace was preheated at 400 ° C for 25 minutes, and argon gas was purged, and the corresponding parts by weight of pure aluminum ingot was added for melting.
  • the temperature of the pure aluminum liquid reached 800 ° C
  • the temperature was allowed to stand for 25 minutes to fully melt the pure aluminum ingot.
  • the furnace was cooled to 760 ° C, 8.0 parts by weight of pure silicon was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at a constant temperature for 25 minutes. After the melting, the stirring was continued for 15 minutes.
  • the temperature of the furnace was lowered to 700 ° C, the remaining intermediate alloy was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand after melting.
  • the heat-conducting aluminum alloy of the present embodiment is obtained by the feed having an unacceptable content of the melt reaching the acceptable range by feeding or dilution.
  • Si 11.0 parts by weight of Si, 0.6 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the heat conductive aluminum alloy.
  • Fe 0.8 parts by weight of Mg, 0.002 parts by weight of Zn, 0.002 parts by weight of Mn, 0.002 parts by weight of Sr, 0.002 parts by weight of Cu and the balance of Al.
  • the furnace was preheated at 400 ° C for 25 minutes, and argon gas was purged, and the corresponding parts by weight of pure aluminum ingot was added for melting.
  • the temperature of the pure aluminum liquid reached 800 ° C
  • the temperature was allowed to stand for 25 minutes to fully melt the pure aluminum ingot.
  • the furnace was cooled to 760 ° C, 11.0 parts by weight of pure silicon was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at a constant temperature for 25 minutes.
  • the stirring was continued for 15 minutes; when the temperature of the furnace was lowered to 700 ° C, the remaining intermediate alloy was added, and the mixture was completely allowed to stand after melting.
  • 0.8 parts by weight of magnesium was added.
  • the heat-conducting aluminum alloy of the present embodiment is obtained by the feed having an unacceptable content of the melt reaching the acceptable range by feeding or dilution.
  • the total weight of the heat conductive aluminum alloy is 9.5 parts by weight of Si, 0.6 parts by weight of Fe, 0.6 parts by weight of Mg, 0.005 parts by weight of Zn, 0.005 parts by weight of Mn, and 0.05 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total mass of the heat conductive aluminum alloy.
  • the furnace was preheated at 400 ° C for 25 minutes, and argon gas was purged, and the corresponding parts by weight of pure aluminum ingot was added for melting.
  • the temperature of the pure aluminum liquid reached 800 ° C
  • the temperature was allowed to stand for 25 minutes to fully melt the pure aluminum ingot.
  • the furnace was cooled to 760 ° C, 9.5 parts by weight of pure silicon was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at a constant temperature for 25 minutes. After the melting, the stirring was continued for 15 minutes.
  • the temperature of the furnace was lowered to 700 ° C, the remaining intermediate alloy was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand after melting. Finally, 0.6 parts by weight of magnesium was added.
  • the heat-conducting aluminum alloy of the present embodiment is obtained by the feed having an unacceptable content of the melt reaching the acceptable range by feeding or dilution.
  • the present comparative example contains 4.2 parts by weight of Si, 0.2 parts by weight of Fe, 0.4 parts by weight of Mg, 0.05 parts by weight of Zn, 0.05 parts by weight of Mn, and 0.05 by weight based on 100 parts by weight based on the total weight of the heat conductive aluminum alloy. Parts Ni, 0.05 parts by weight of Cr and the balance of Al.
  • the furnace was preheated at 400 ° C for 25 minutes, and argon gas was purged, and the corresponding parts by weight of pure aluminum ingot was added for melting.
  • the temperature of the pure aluminum liquid reached 800 ° C, the temperature was allowed to stand for 25 minutes to fully melt the pure aluminum ingot.
  • the component analysis analyzes the component content of the alloy, and the heat conductive aluminum alloy of the present embodiment is obtained by satisfying the range of the melt which is unqualified in the component content by feeding or dilution.
  • the present comparative example contains 4.0 parts by weight of Si, 0.2 parts by weight of Fe, 0.1 parts by weight of Mg, 0.15 parts by weight of Zn, 0.15 parts by weight of Mn, and 0.15 by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the heat conductive aluminum alloy. Parts of Sr, 0.15 parts by weight of Cu and the balance of Al.
  • the furnace was preheated at 400 ° C for 25 minutes, and argon gas was purged, and the corresponding parts by weight of pure aluminum ingot was added for melting.
  • the temperature of the pure aluminum liquid reached 800 ° C
  • the temperature was allowed to stand for 25 minutes to fully melt the pure aluminum ingot.
  • the furnace was cooled to 760 ° C, 4.0 parts by weight of pure silicon was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at a constant temperature for 25 minutes.
  • the stirring was continued for 15 minutes; when the temperature of the furnace was lowered to 700 ° C, the remaining intermediate alloy was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand after melting.
  • 0.1 parts by weight of magnesium was added.
  • the heat-conducting aluminum alloy of the present embodiment is obtained by the feed having an unacceptable content of the melt reaching the acceptable range by feeding or dilution.
  • the present comparative example contains 12.0 parts by weight of Si, 0.2 parts by weight of Fe, 0.1 parts by weight of Mg, 0.15 parts by weight of Zn, 0.15 parts by weight of Mn, and 0.15 by weight based on 100 parts by weight based on the total weight of the heat conductive aluminum alloy. Parts of Sr, 0.15 parts by weight of Cu and the balance of Al.
  • the furnace was preheated at 400 ° C for 25 minutes, and argon gas was purged, and the corresponding parts by weight of pure aluminum ingot was added for melting.
  • the temperature of the pure aluminum liquid reached 800 ° C
  • the temperature was allowed to stand for 25 minutes to fully melt the pure aluminum ingot.
  • the furnace was cooled to 760 ° C, 12.0 parts by weight of pure silicon was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at a constant temperature for 25 minutes.
  • the stirring was continued for 15 minutes; when the temperature of the furnace was lowered to 700 ° C, the remaining intermediate alloy was added, and the mixture was completely allowed to stand after melting.
  • 0.1 parts by weight of magnesium was added.
  • the heat-conducting aluminum alloy of the present embodiment is obtained by the feed having an unacceptable content of the melt reaching the acceptable range by feeding or dilution.
  • the furnace was preheated at 400 ° C for 25 minutes, and argon gas was purged, and the corresponding parts by weight of pure aluminum ingot was added for melting.
  • the temperature of the pure aluminum liquid reached 800 ° C
  • the temperature was allowed to stand for 25 minutes to fully melt the pure aluminum ingot.
  • the furnace was cooled to 760 ° C, 4.0 parts by weight of pure silicon was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at a constant temperature for 25 minutes.
  • the stirring was continued for 15 minutes; when the temperature of the furnace was lowered to 700 ° C, the remaining intermediate alloy was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand after melting.
  • 1.0 part by weight of magnesium was added.
  • the heat-conducting aluminum alloy of the present embodiment is obtained by the feed having an unacceptable content of the melt reaching the acceptable range by feeding or dilution.
  • test examples were used to determine the mechanical properties, thermal conductivity and flow formability at room temperature of the thermally conductive aluminum alloys obtained in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4.
  • thermal conductivity The thermally conductive aluminum alloy in each of the examples and comparative examples was prepared as a circular sample having a diameter of 12.7 mm and a thickness of 25.4 mm; uniformly spraying a graphite coating on both sides of the sample to be tested; The sample was placed in a laser thermal conductivity tester. Tested in accordance with the "Standard Method for Measuring Thermal Diffusion Coefficient by ASTM E1461 Flash Method". The specific test results are shown in Table 1.
  • the fluidity of the heat-conductive aluminum alloy material is measured by a mosquito scent mold: the mosquito scent mold is a mold having a mold cavity of a mosquito-repellent shape, and the formed metal member has a spiral shape.
  • the heat conductive aluminum alloys of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were smelted at 730 ° C, and after they were completely melted, they were air-cooled to 690 ° C, cast into a mosquito mold to conduct a fluidity test, and the formed aluminum alloy spiral was measured. The length of the sample. The specific results are shown in Table 1.
  • the thermally conductive aluminum alloy prepared by the present disclosure has better mechanical properties: tensile strength not lower than 250 MPa, yield strength not lower than 150 MPa, extension The rate is not less than 3.5%; while having good mechanical properties, and the flow molding property is good, the mold forming fluidity of the mosquito mold is not less than 1150mm; the thermal conductivity is not less than 150W/(m ⁇ K); especially
  • the thermally conductive aluminum alloy contains 8.0-11.0% by weight of Si, 0.4-0.6% by weight of Fe, 0.4-0.8% by weight of Mg, less than 0.01% by weight of Zn, less than 0.01% by weight of Mn, and less than 0.1% by weight of Sr.
  • the obtained heat conductive aluminum alloy has a tensile strength of not less than 270 MPa, a yield strength of not less than 160 MPa, an elongation of not less than 5%, and a thermal conductivity of not less than 160 W/(m ⁇ K).
  • test examples were used to determine the thermal conductivity after recycling of the thermally conductive aluminum alloys obtained in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4.
  • the thermally conductive aluminum alloy contains 8.0-11.0% by weight of Si, 0.4-0.6% by weight of Fe, 0.4-0.8% by weight of Mg, less than 0.01% by weight of Zn, less than 0.01% by weight of Mn, and less than 0.1% by weight.
  • the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive aluminum alloy 5 cycle casting material is not less than 138 W / (m ⁇ K), the thermal conductivity of the new material is 86% or more; 10 cycle of die casting material
  • the thermal conductivity is not less than 125W/(m ⁇ K), which is more than 78% of the thermal conductivity of the new material.

Abstract

一种导热铝合金包括：5.0-11.0重量%的Si，5.0-11.0重量%的Si，0.4-1.0重量%的Fe，0.2-1.0重量%的Mg，小于0.1重量%的Zn，小于0.1重量%的Mn，小于0.1重量%的Sr，小于0.1重量%的Cu。该铝合金的抗拉强度不低于250MPa，屈服强度不低于150MPa，延伸率不低于3.5%，导热系数不低于150W/（m·K）。

Description

导热铝合金及其应用
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开主张在2016年11月23日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.201611038514.1的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及铝合金技术领域，具体地，涉及一种导热铝合金及其应用。
背景技术
铝合金材料因为具有密度低，强度高，塑性好，导电性、导热性、抗蚀性优良的特点，被广泛应用于航空、航天、电子电器产品、汽车、机械制造等领域。
由于近年来电子电器产品倾向于小型化，市场上现有的常规铝合金材料如ADC12的导热率仅为96W/(m·K)，已经难以满足电子电器产品的高强度高导热的需求，因此亟需开发一种新的铝合金材料，在力学性能高、成本低廉的同时还具有较高的导热率。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种导热铝合金，该导热铝合金具有较高的导热率，并且可以回收利用。
为了实现上述目的，本公开提供一种导热铝合金，该导热铝合金含有合金元素、不可避免的杂质和余量的铝元素，其中以所述导热铝合金的总重量为基准，所述合金元素包括：5.0-11.0重量％的Si，0.4-1.0重量％的Fe，0.2-1.0重量％的Mg，小于0.1重量％的Zn，小于0.1重量％的Mn，小于0.1重量％的Sr和小于0.1重量％的Cu。
通过上述技术方案，本公开制得的导热铝合金的抗拉强度不低于250MPa，屈服强度不低于150MPa，延伸率不低于3.5％，导热系数不低于150W/(m·K)。力学性能高，并且流动成型性能好，蚊香模测得材料成型流性不低于1150mm；该导热铝合金可以多次循环回收使用，5次循环压铸材料导热率>125W/(m·K)，是新材料导热率83％以上；10次循环压铸材料导热率>112W/(m·K)，是新材料导热率75％以上。
可选地，以所述导热铝合金的总重量为基准，所述合金元素包括：8.0-11.0重量％的Si， 0.4-0.6重量％的Fe，0.4-0.8重量％的Mg，小于0.01重量％的Zn，小于0.01重量％的Mn，小于0.1重量％的Sr和小于0.01重量％的Cu。该配方制得的导热铝合金的抗拉强度不低于270MPa，屈服强度不低于160MPa，延伸率不低于5％，导热系数不低于160W/(m·K)。
可选地，所述导热铝合金中的杂质元素不超过0.2重量％。
可选地，所述导热铝合金由5.0-11.0重量％的Si，0.4-1.0重量％的Fe，0.2-1.0重量％的Mg，小于0.1重量％的Zn，小于0.1重量％的Mn，小于0.1重量％的Sr，小于0.1重量％的Cu，不超过0.2％重量的杂质元素和余量的铝组成。
可选地，所述导热铝合金由8.0-11.0重量％的Si，0.4-0.6重量％的Fe，0.4-0.8重量％的Mg，小于0.01重量％的Zn，小于0.01重量％的Mn，小于0.1重量％的Sr，小于0.01重量％的Cu，不超过0.2重量％的杂质元素和余量的铝组成。
本公开还提供了如上所述的导热铝合金在制造电子电器产品的金属结构件和/或散热件中的应用。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
具体实施方式
以下对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开，并不用于限制本公开。
本文中，在无相反说明的情况下，导热铝合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率的数值是指参照《GB/T 228.1-2010金属材料拉伸试验第一部分：室温试验方法》测试的金属材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率。
本公开第一方面：提供一种导热铝合金，该导热铝合金含有合金元素、不可避免的杂质和余量的铝元素，其中以所述导热铝合金的总重量为基准，所述合金元素可以包括：5.0-11.0重量％的Si，0.4-1.0重量％的Fe，0.2-1.0重量％的Mg，小于0.1重量％的Zn，小于0.1重量％的Mn，小于0.1重量％的Sr和小于0.1重量％的Cu。
通过上述技术方案，本公开制得的导热铝合金的抗拉强度不低于250MPa，屈服强度不低于150MPa，延伸率不低于3.5％，导热系数不低于150W/(m·K)。力学性能高，并且流动成型性能好，蚊香模测得材料成型流性不低于1150mm；该导热铝合金可以多次循环回收使用，5次循环压铸材料导热率不低于125W/(m·K)，是新材料导热率83％以上；10次循环压铸材料导热率不低于112W/(m·K)，是新材料导热率75％以上。
根据本公开第一方面，为了进一步提高所述导热铝合金的力学性能、导热率和铸造性能，以所述导热铝合金的总重量为基准，所述合金元素可以包括：8.0-11.0重量％的Si，0.4-0.6 重量％的Fe，0.4-0.8重量％的Mg，小于0.01重量％的Zn，小于0.01重量％的Mn，小于0.1重量％的Sr和小于0.01重量％的Cu。该配方制得的导热铝合金的抗拉强度不低于270MPa，屈服强度不低于160MPa，延伸率不低于5％，导热系数不低于160W/(m·K)，5次循环压铸材料导热率不低于138W/(m·K)，是新材料导热率86％以上；10次循环压铸材料导热率不低于125W/(m·K)，是新材料导热率78％以上。
根据本公开第一方面，铝合金的纯度是影响铝合金性能的重要因素之一，为了使本公开的导热铝合金性能优良，所述导热铝合金中的杂质元素不超过0.2重量％。
根据本公开的第一方面，为了进一步提高所述导热铝合金的力学性能、导热率和铸造性能，所述导热铝合金由5.0-11.0重量％的Si，0.4-1.0重量％的Fe，0.2-1.0重量％的Mg，小于0.1重量％的Zn，小于0.1重量％的Mn，小于0.1重量％的Sr，小于0.1重量％的Cu，不超过0.2％重量的杂质元素和余量的铝组成。该配方制得的导热铝合金的抗拉强度不低于250MPa，屈服强度不低于150MPa，延伸率不低于3.5％，导热系数不低于150W/(m·K)，流动成型性能好，蚊香模测得材料成型流性不低于1150mm。
根据本公开的第一方面，为了进一步提高所述导热铝合金的力学性能、导热率和铸造性能，所述导热铝合金由8.0-11.0重量％的Si，0.4-0.6重量％的Fe，0.4-0.8重量％的Mg，小于0.01重量％的Zn，小于0.01重量％的Mn，小于0.1重量％的Sr和小于0.01重量％的Cu组成。该配方制得的导热铝合金的抗拉强度不低于270MPa，屈服强度不低于160MPa，延伸率不低于5％，导热系数不低于160W/(m·K)，5次循环压铸材料导热率不低于138W/(m·K)，是新材料导热率86％以上；10次循环压铸材料导热率不低于125W/(m·K)，是新材料导热率78％以上。
本公开第二方面：提供了如上所述的导热铝合金在制造电子电器产品的金属结构件和/或散热件中的应用。
下面将通过实施例来进一步说明本发明，但是本发明并不因此而受到任何限制。
实施例1
本实施例中以导热铝合金的总重量为100重量份计，含有5.0重量份的Si，1.0重量份的Fe，0.2重量份的Mg，0.05重量份的Zn，0.05重量份的Mn，0.05重量份的Sr、0.05重量份的Cu和余量的Al。
首先将熔炉在400℃下预热25分钟，并用氩气吹扫，加入相应重量份纯铝锭进行熔化，当纯铝液温度达到800℃时，恒温静置25分钟，使纯铝锭充分熔化；将熔炉降温至760℃，加入5.0重量份的纯硅，恒温静置25分钟，待其熔化后继续搅拌15分钟；将熔炉温度降至 700℃时，加入剩余中间合金，熔化完全后静置；最后再加入0.2重量份的镁，熔化完全后，继续搅拌8分钟，祛除浮渣，在700℃加入精炼剂进行精炼，搅拌15分钟；然后进行炉前成分分析，检验合金的成分含量，对成分含量不合格的熔体通过补料或冲淡方式达到合格的范围得到本实施例的导热铝合金。
实施例2
本实施例中以导热铝合金的总重量为100重量份计，含有11.0重量份的Si，0.4重量份的Fe，1.0重量份的Mg，0.05重量份的Zn，0.05重量份的Mn，0.05重量份的Sr、0.05重量份的Cu和余量的Al。
首先将熔炉在400℃下预热25分钟，并用氩气吹扫，加入相应重量份纯铝锭进行熔化，当纯铝液温度达到800℃时，恒温静置25分钟，使纯铝锭充分熔化；将熔炉降温至760℃，加入11.0重量份的纯硅，恒温静置25分钟，待其熔化后继续搅拌15分钟；将熔炉温度降至700℃时，加入剩余中间合金，熔化完全后静置；最后再加入1.0重量份的镁，熔化完全后，继续搅拌8分钟，祛除浮渣，在700℃加入精炼剂进行精炼，搅拌15分钟；然后进行炉前成分分析，检验合金的成分含量，对成分含量不合格的熔体通过补料或冲淡方式达到合格的范围得到本实施例的导热铝合金。
实施例3
本实施例中以导热铝合金的总重量为100重量份计，含有8.0重量份的Si，0.4重量份的Fe，0.4重量份的Mg，0.008重量份的Zn，0.008重量份的Mn，0.05重量份的Sr、0.008重量份的Cu和余量的Al。
首先将熔炉在400℃下预热25分钟，并用氩气吹扫，加入相应重量份纯铝锭进行熔化，当纯铝液温度达到800℃时，恒温静置25分钟，使纯铝锭充分熔化；将熔炉降温至760℃，加入8.0重量份的纯硅，恒温静置25分钟，待其熔化后继续搅拌15分钟；将熔炉温度降至700℃时，加入剩余中间合金，熔化完全后静置；最后再加入0.4重量份的镁，熔化完全后，继续搅拌8分钟，祛除浮渣，在700℃加入精炼剂进行精炼，搅拌15分钟；然后进行炉前成分分析，检验合金的成分含量，对成分含量不合格的熔体通过补料或冲淡方式达到合格的范围得到本实施例的导热铝合金。
实施例4
本实施例中以导热铝合金的总重量为100重量份计，含有11.0重量份的Si，0.6重量份 的Fe，0.8重量份的Mg，0.002重量份的Zn，0.002重量份的Mn，0.002重量份的Sr、0.002重量份的Cu和余量的Al。
首先将熔炉在400℃下预热25分钟，并用氩气吹扫，加入相应重量份纯铝锭进行熔化，当纯铝液温度达到800℃时，恒温静置25分钟，使纯铝锭充分熔化；将熔炉降温至760℃，加入11.0重量份的纯硅，恒温静置25分钟，待其熔化后继续搅拌15分钟；将熔炉温度降至700℃时，加入剩余中间合金，熔化完全后静置；最后再加入0.8重量份的镁，熔化完全后，继续搅拌8分钟，祛除浮渣，在700℃加入精炼剂进行精炼，搅拌15分钟；然后进行炉前成分分析，检验合金的成分含量，对成分含量不合格的熔体通过补料或冲淡方式达到合格的范围得到本实施例的导热铝合金。
实施例5
本实施例中以导热铝合金的总重量为100重量份计，含有9.5重量份的Si，0.6重量份的Fe，0.6重量份的Mg，0.005重量份的Zn，0.005重量份的Mn，0.05重量份的Sr、0.005重量份的Cu和余量的Al。
首先将熔炉在400℃下预热25分钟，并用氩气吹扫，加入相应重量份纯铝锭进行熔化，当纯铝液温度达到800℃时，恒温静置25分钟，使纯铝锭充分熔化；将熔炉降温至760℃，加入9.5重量份的纯硅，恒温静置25分钟，待其熔化后继续搅拌15分钟；将熔炉温度降至700℃时，加入剩余中间合金，熔化完全后静置；最后再加入0.6重量份的镁，熔化完全后，继续搅拌8分钟，祛除浮渣，在700℃加入精炼剂进行精炼，搅拌15分钟；然后进行炉前成分分析，检验合金的成分含量，对成分含量不合格的熔体通过补料或冲淡方式达到合格的范围得到本实施例的导热铝合金。
对比例1
本对比例中以导热铝合金的总重量为100重量份计，含有4.2重量份的Si，0.2重量份的Fe，0.4重量份的Mg，0.05重量份的Zn，0.05重量份的Mn，0.05重量份的Ni、0.05重量份的Cr和余量的Al。
首先将熔炉在400℃下预热25分钟，并用氩气吹扫，加入相应重量份纯铝锭进行熔化，当纯铝液温度达到800℃时，恒温静置25分钟，使纯铝锭充分熔化；将熔炉降温至760℃，加入4.2重量份的纯硅，恒温静置25分钟，待其熔化后继续搅拌15分钟；将熔炉温度降至700℃时，加入剩余中间合金，熔化完全后静置；最后再加入0.4重量份的镁，熔化完全后，继续搅拌8分钟，祛除浮渣，在700℃加入精炼剂进行精炼，搅拌15分钟；然后进行炉前 成分分析，检验合金的成分含量，对成分含量不合格的熔体通过补料或冲淡方式达到合格的范围得到本实施例的导热铝合金。
对比例2
本对比例中以导热铝合金的总重量为100重量份计，含有4.0重量份的Si，0.2重量份的Fe，0.1重量份的Mg，0.15重量份的Zn，0.15重量份的Mn，0.15重量份的Sr，0.15重量份的Cu和余量的Al。
首先将熔炉在400℃下预热25分钟，并用氩气吹扫，加入相应重量份纯铝锭进行熔化，当纯铝液温度达到800℃时，恒温静置25分钟，使纯铝锭充分熔化；将熔炉降温至760℃，加入4.0重量份的纯硅，恒温静置25分钟，待其熔化后继续搅拌15分钟；将熔炉温度降至700℃时，加入剩余中间合金，熔化完全后静置；最后再加入0.1重量份的镁，熔化完全后，继续搅拌8分钟，祛除浮渣，在700℃加入精炼剂进行精炼，搅拌15分钟；然后进行炉前成分分析，检验合金的成分含量，对成分含量不合格的熔体通过补料或冲淡方式达到合格的范围得到本实施例的导热铝合金。
对比例3
本对比例中以导热铝合金的总重量为100重量份计，含有12.0重量份的Si，0.2重量份的Fe，0.1重量份的Mg，0.15重量份的Zn，0.15重量份的Mn，0.15重量份的Sr，0.15重量份的Cu和余量的Al。
首先将熔炉在400℃下预热25分钟，并用氩气吹扫，加入相应重量份纯铝锭进行熔化，当纯铝液温度达到800℃时，恒温静置25分钟，使纯铝锭充分熔化；将熔炉降温至760℃，加入12.0重量份的纯硅，恒温静置25分钟，待其熔化后继续搅拌15分钟；将熔炉温度降至700℃时，加入剩余中间合金，熔化完全后静置；最后再加入0.1重量份的镁，熔化完全后，继续搅拌8分钟，祛除浮渣，在700℃加入精炼剂进行精炼，搅拌15分钟；然后进行炉前成分分析，检验合金的成分含量，对成分含量不合格的熔体通过补料或冲淡方式达到合格的范围得到本实施例的导热铝合金。
对比例4
本对比例中以导热铝合金的总重量为100重量份计，含有4.0重量份的Si，1.2重量份的Fe，1.0重量份的Mg，0.15重量份的Zn，0.15重量份的Mn，0.15重量份的Sr，0.15重量份的Cu和余量的Al。
首先将熔炉在400℃下预热25分钟，并用氩气吹扫，加入相应重量份纯铝锭进行熔化，当纯铝液温度达到800℃时，恒温静置25分钟，使纯铝锭充分熔化；将熔炉降温至760℃，加入4.0重量份的纯硅，恒温静置25分钟，待其熔化后继续搅拌15分钟；将熔炉温度降至700℃时，加入剩余中间合金，熔化完全后静置；最后再加入1.0重量份的镁，熔化完全后，继续搅拌8分钟，祛除浮渣，在700℃加入精炼剂进行精炼，搅拌15分钟；然后进行炉前成分分析，检验合金的成分含量，对成分含量不合格的熔体通过补料或冲淡方式达到合格的范围得到本实施例的导热铝合金。
测试实施例1
本测试实施例用于测定实施例1-5与对比例1-4中获得的导热铝合金的在室温下的力学性能、导热系数和流动成型性能。
导热系数的测定：将各实施例与对比例中导热铝合金制备为直径为12.7mm、厚度为25.4mm的圆形试样；在待测试样的两面均匀喷涂石墨涂层；将处理好的试样放入激光导热仪中进行测试。按照《ASTM E1461闪光法测定热扩散系数的标准方法》测试。具体测试结果见表1。
参照《GB/T 228.1-2010金属材料拉伸试验第一部分：室温试验方法》测试的铝合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率。将本发明实施例1-5及对比例1-4挤压加工后的板材经线切割制成标准拉伸试样，拉伸试样的轴线方向与挤压方向一致。具体测试结果见表1。
采用蚊香模测定导热铝合金材料流动性：所述蚊香模为具有蚊香形状模腔的模具，所成型的金属件为螺旋线形状。将实施例1-5与对比例1-4中导热铝合金于730℃熔炼，待其完全熔化后出炉空冷至690℃，浇铸进蚊香模中进行流动性测试，测定成型后的铝合金螺旋线试样的长度。具体结果见表1。
表1
Figure PCTCN2017107692-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2017107692-appb-000002
经实施例1-5与对比例1-4的结果对比可以看出，本公开制备得到的导热铝合金具有更优良的力学性能：抗拉强度不低于250MPa，屈服强度不低于150MPa，延伸率不低于3.5％；在具备良好的力学性能的同时，并且流动成型性能好，蚊香模测得材料成型流性不低于1150mm；导热系数不低于150W/(m·K)；尤其是所述导热铝合金含有8.0-11.0重量％的Si，0.4-0.6重量％的Fe，0.4-0.8重量％的Mg，小于0.01重量％的Zn，小于0.01重量％的Mn，小于0.1重量％的Sr和小于0.01重量％的Cu组成时，制得的导热铝合金的抗拉强度不低于270MPa，屈服强度不低于160MPa，延伸率不低于5％，导热系数不低于160W/(m·K)。
测试实施例2
本测试实施例用于测定实施例1-5与对比例1-4中获得的导热铝合金的回收利用后的导热系数。
导热铝合金的循环回收：将各实施例与对比例中新材料导热铝合金分别收集后于760℃下熔融1小时；将熔融后的物料置于坩埚内进行机械搅拌，搅拌的速率为1200转/分钟、时间为30min，冷却后得到回收的导热铝合金；参照测试实施例1中的导热系数测定方法测定回收5次和10次后的铝合金的导热系数。具体测试结果见表2。
表2
Figure PCTCN2017107692-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2017107692-appb-000004
经实施例1-5与对比例1-4的结果对比可以看出，本公开制得的导热铝合金可以多次循环回收使用，5次循环压铸材料导热率不低于125W/(m·K)，是新材料导热率83％以上；10次循环压铸材料导热率不低于112W/(m·K)，是新材料导热率75％以上。尤其是所述导热铝合金含有8.0-11.0重量％的Si，0.4-0.6重量％的Fe，0.4-0.8重量％的Mg，小于0.01重量％的Zn，小于0.01重量％的Mn，小于0.1重量％的Sr和小于0.01重量％的Cu组成时，制得的导热铝合金5次循环压铸材料导热率不低于138W/(m·K)，是新材料导热率86％以上；10次循环压铸材料导热率不低于125W/(m·K)，是新材料导热率78％以上。
以上详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式，但是，本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本公开的技术构思范围内，可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本公开的思想，其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种导热铝合金，含有合金元素、不可避免的杂质和余量的铝元素，其中以所述导热铝合金的总重量为基准，所述合金元素包括：5.0-11.0重量％的Si，0.4-1.0重量％的Fe，0.2-1.0重量％的Mg，小于0.1重量％的Zn，小于0.1重量％的Mn，小于0.1重量％的Sr和小于0.1重量％的Cu。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的导热铝合金，其中以所述导热铝合金的总重量为基准，所述合金元素包括：8.0-11.0重量％的Si，0.4-0.6重量％的Fe，0.4-0.8重量％的Mg，小于0.01重量％的Zn，小于0.01重量％的Mn，重量小于0.1％的Sr和小于0.01重量％的Cu。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的导热铝合金，其中所述导热铝合金中的杂质元素不超过0.2重量％。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的导热铝合金，其中所述导热铝合金由5.0-11.0重量％的Si，0.4-1.0重量％的Fe，0.2-1.0重量％的Mg，小于0.1重量％的Zn，小于0.1重量％的Mn，小于0.1重量％的Sr，小于0.1重量％的Cu，不超过0.2％重量的杂质元素和余量的铝组成。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的导热铝合金，其中所述导热铝合金由8.0-11.0重量％的Si，0.4-0.6重量％的Fe，0.4-0.8重量％的Mg，小于0.01重量％的Zn，小于0.01重量％的Mn，小于0.1重量％的Sr，小于0.01重量％的Cu，不超过0.2重量％的杂质元素和余量的铝组成。
  6. 根据权利要求1、2、4或5所述的导热铝合金，其中所述导热铝合金的抗拉强度不低于250MPa，屈服强度不低于150MPa，延伸率不低于3.5％，导热系数不低于150W/(m·K)。
  7. 根据权利要求2或5中所述的导热铝合金，其中所述导热铝合金的抗拉强度不低于270MPa，屈服强度不低于160MPa，延伸率不低于5％，导热系数不低于160W/(m·K)。
  8. 权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的导热铝合金在制造电子电器产品金属结构件和/或散热件中的应用。
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