WO2018094602A1 - 一种压力检测方法、装置及设备 - Google Patents

一种压力检测方法、装置及设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018094602A1
WO2018094602A1 PCT/CN2016/106903 CN2016106903W WO2018094602A1 WO 2018094602 A1 WO2018094602 A1 WO 2018094602A1 CN 2016106903 W CN2016106903 W CN 2016106903W WO 2018094602 A1 WO2018094602 A1 WO 2018094602A1
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Prior art keywords
pressure
sensing electrode
sensing electrodes
elastic coefficient
sensing
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PCT/CN2016/106903
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
桂新涛
陈小祥
崔剑
陈之友
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深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020187010722A priority Critical patent/KR102050183B1/ko
Priority to PCT/CN2016/106903 priority patent/WO2018094602A1/zh
Priority to CN201680001540.9A priority patent/CN108885144B/zh
Priority to EP16916395.3A priority patent/EP3351915B1/en
Priority to US15/942,709 priority patent/US10534469B2/en
Publication of WO2018094602A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018094602A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/14—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators
    • G01L1/142—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators using capacitors
    • G01L1/146—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators using capacitors for measuring force distributions, e.g. using force arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/14—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
    • G01L1/205—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using distributed sensing elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0447—Position sensing using the local deformation of sensor cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/045—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using resistive elements, e.g. a single continuous surface or two parallel surfaces put in contact

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of touch technologies, and in particular, to a pressure detecting method, device and device.
  • Mobile electronic devices have brought convenience to people's daily work and have become an indispensable tool for people.
  • input devices for mobile electronic devices such as buttons, mice, joysticks, laser pointers, touch screens, and the like.
  • Touch technology has been rapidly applied to various electronic devices due to its good interactivity, and the technology has matured, and various possible applications based on the technology have been fully exploited.
  • the pressure detection technology adds another dimension information based on the position information provided by the touch technology, and can develop various applications based on the input pressure information, bringing a brand-new operation experience for people to use the electronic device. For example, the screen presses a pop-up menu or a "small ball", and the pressure is applied to speed up the scrolling speed of the page up and down, left and right, and tactile feedback.
  • the inventors have found that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: in the existing touch-pressure detecting device, in order to achieve more accurate detection, it is usually required to set a large number of electrodes (or sensors), and the cost is high. At the same time, pressure detection for multi-point pressing cannot be achieved.
  • the present invention provides a pressure detecting method, device and device, which can realize multi-finger pressure detection by using fewer electrodes.
  • the present invention provides a pressure detecting method, comprising: acquiring at least one deformation of an at least one pressure recognized by an externally applied electrode, and converting the deformation into a corresponding original characteristic value represented by an electrical signal, wherein The original feature value corresponds to the pressure; and the pressure information corresponding to the feedback of the sensing electrode is calculated according to the original feature value of each sensing electrode.
  • the method before the calculating the pressure information corresponding to the feedback of the sensing electrodes according to the original characteristic values of the sensing electrodes, the method further includes: acquiring a pressure curve corresponding to each sensing electrode, where the pressure curve is corresponding The relationship between the original characteristic value of the sensing electrode and the pressure, wherein the manner of obtaining the pressure curve comprises directly acquiring pre-stored or separately established; obtaining a relative elastic coefficient for each position relative to each sensing electrode, wherein the manner of obtaining the relative elastic coefficient includes Directly acquired or separately established, the relative elastic coefficient is used to indicate the difference in the deformation of the same sensing electrode at different locations when pressed at different positions.
  • the obtaining a relative elastic coefficient with respect to each of the sensing electrodes for any position includes: dividing the entire touch screen by region, each divided region as a logical channel; at the center of each divided region Pressing the preset force to record the characteristic data of each sensing electrode; substituting the recorded characteristic data of each sensing electrode into the corresponding pressure curve to calculate the pressure; calculating the pressure of each logical channel relative to each sensing by the above calculated pressure The relative elastic modulus of the electrode.
  • the calculating the pressure information corresponding to the feedback of the sensing electrodes according to the original characteristic values of the sensing electrodes comprises: substituting the acquired original characteristic values of the sensing electrodes into the pressure curves of the corresponding sensing electrodes; Data of the relative elastic coefficient of the stored current logical channel at any of the sensing electrodes; correcting the calculated pressure based on the data of the relative elastic coefficient, and outputting the final result.
  • the relative elastic modulus at the pressing position is estimated by the relative elastic coefficient of the adjacent logical passage in which the pressing position is located.
  • the equations are established by the pressure fed back by the sensing electrodes and the relative elastic coefficients of the M positions relative to the sensing electrodes.
  • the Q equations are selected in the equations to solve the corresponding pressures at each position, where Q and M are positive integers and Q ⁇ M.
  • the invention provides a pressure detecting module, comprising: a pressure detecting unit, configured to acquire deformation of at least one pressure recognized by an externally applied at least one pressure, and convert the deformation into a corresponding electric signal.
  • the original feature value wherein the original feature value corresponds to the pressure; and the processing unit is configured to calculate pressure information corresponding to the feedback of the sensing electrode according to the original feature value of each sensing electrode.
  • the module further includes: a first acquiring unit, configured to acquire a pressure curve corresponding to each sensing electrode, where the pressure curve is a relationship between a original characteristic value of the corresponding sensing electrode and a pressure, wherein The manner of the pressure curve includes directly acquiring the pre-stored or separately established; the second obtaining unit is configured to acquire a relative elastic coefficient for each position relative to each of the sensing electrodes, wherein the manner of obtaining the relative elastic coefficient comprises directly acquiring the pre-stored or separately established
  • the relative elastic modulus is used to indicate the difference in the deformation of the same sensing electrode at different positions when pressed at different positions.
  • the second acquiring unit is specifically configured to: perform area division on the entire touch screen, each divided area serves as a logical channel; and presses at a preset strength in the center of each divided area and Recording characteristic data of each sensing electrode; recording each sensing electrode The characteristic data is substituted into the corresponding pressure curves of the respective sensing electrodes to calculate the pressure; the relative elastic coefficients of each of the logical channels with respect to the respective sensing electrodes are respectively calculated by the above calculated pressures.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to: substitute the acquired original characteristic values of the sensing electrodes into the pressure curves of the corresponding sensing electrodes; and read the relative storage of the current logical channels at any of the sensing electrodes.
  • the relative elastic modulus at the pressing position is estimated by the relative elastic coefficient of the adjacent logical passage in which the pressing position is located.
  • the equations are established by the pressure fed back by the sensing electrodes and the relative elastic coefficients of the M positions relative to the sensing electrodes.
  • the Q equations are selected in the equations to solve the corresponding pressures at each position, where Q and M are positive integers and Q ⁇ M.
  • the invention provides a pressure detecting device, comprising: a pressure sensor composed of at least one sensing electrode for recognizing a deformation caused by an externally applied at least one pressure, and converting the deformation into a corresponding electric signal. a raw feature value, wherein the original feature value corresponds to the pressure; at least one processor configured to calculate pressure information corresponding to the feedback of the sensing electrode according to the original feature value of each sensing electrode; and a memory for storing the processing The data of the normal operation of the device.
  • the pressure sensor comprises a resistive sensor and/or a capacitive sensor.
  • the pressure sensor further includes a pressing surface and a detecting circuit unit, and when the externally applied pressure acts on the pressing surface, the deformation of the pressing surface causes a feeling
  • the detection circuit unit is configured to identify the resistance and/or capacitance change and convert the change into an electrical signal, the electrical signal being output in a certain form to represent the corresponding pressing force. The original eigenvalue.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the virtual channel and the spatial interpolation method are used to improve the consistency of the obtained pressure information in the spatial position.
  • the equations are established by the pressure feedback from the sensing electrodes and the relative elastic coefficients of the M positions relative to the sensing electrodes, and the Q is selected from the equations.
  • the equations solve the corresponding pressures at each position, and can accurately acquire the pressure information at each position when multiple positions are pressed by multiple forces.
  • the multi-finger press detection on the touch screen can be realized by using fewer electrodes in practical applications. , reducing costs and improving the user experience.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a pressure detecting method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the distribution of sensing electrodes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pressure curve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 5a is a schematic structural view of an initial state of a sensing electrode in an X direction according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5b is a schematic structural view of pressing the middle position of the sensing electrode in the X direction according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5c is a schematic view showing the structure of pressing the sensing electrode near the right edge in the X direction according to the present invention.
  • 5d is a schematic structural view of the sensing electrode in the X direction near the left edge in the X direction according to the present invention
  • 6a is another schematic flowchart of a first embodiment of a pressure detecting method according to the present invention.
  • Figure 6b is a schematic diagram of the area division according to the present invention.
  • Figure 6c is a recording table of relative elastic coefficient of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic flowchart of a first embodiment of a pressure detecting method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8a is a schematic diagram showing relative elastic coefficients of a row position of the sensing electrode S4 according to the present invention.
  • 8b is a schematic diagram of relative elastic coefficients of a column position of the sensing electrode S4 according to the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of a pressure detecting device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of the pressure detecting device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a pressure detecting method according to the present invention
  • an embodiment of the present invention specifically introduces the foregoing pressure calculating method, including the following steps:
  • S101 Acquire at least one deformation induced by the externally applied at least one pressure recognized by the sensing electrode, and convert the deformation into a corresponding original characteristic value represented by an electrical signal, wherein the original characteristic value corresponds to the pressure .
  • the above steps are implemented by a pressure sensor, which may be composed of a plurality of sensing electrodes, which may be capacitive sensors, resistive sensors, etc.
  • the sensing sensor is a capacitive sensor; the sensing electrodes may be different sensing electrodes.
  • the sensing electrodes may also be the same sensing electrodes, and the number of the sensing electrodes may be actual according to actual conditions. The requirements are set. Due to the comprehensive consideration of cost and performance, the number of sensing electrodes in this embodiment is nine, as shown in FIG. 2, wherein S0, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, and S8 are all provided.
  • the number of sensing electrodes required to implement the present invention is not limited to nine, and may be other numbers, such as 8, 4, and 15.
  • the pressure sensor further includes a pressing surface and a detecting circuit unit, wherein when the externally applied pressure acts on the pressing surface, the deformation of the pressing surface causes a change in capacitance with the sensing electrode, and the detecting circuit unit is used for The capacitance change is identified and converted into an electrical signal that is output in a form to represent the original characteristic value of the corresponding compression force.
  • S102 Calculate pressure information corresponding to the feedback of the sensing electrodes according to original characteristic values of the sensing electrodes.
  • the embodiment of the present invention needs to obtain a pressure curve corresponding to each sensing electrode, and the method for obtaining the pressure curve corresponding to the sensing electrode is to read the pre-read data from the stored data of the system.
  • the stored pressure curve data the manner of pre-storing the pressure curve data includes directly storing the formula parameters related to the established pressure curve or establishing and storing corresponding sample data tables under different strengths according to the formula; the pressure curve refers to When the reference point of each sensing electrode is pressed, the relationship between the original characteristic value detected by the corresponding sensing electrode and the pressure (ie, the pressing force, the same below) may be simply referred to as an RF curve (Raw Data-Force curve), which is denoted as R j .
  • the pressure curve can be pre-stored in each device before leaving the factory.
  • Each device can establish its own pressure curve separately, or several prototypes can be selected from a batch of devices as samples for establishing a pressure curve. Other devices can Pre-store the same pressure curve as the prototype. When the equipment is used in the factory, it is necessary to read these pre-stored pressure curves when calculating the pressure information.
  • the RF curve may obtain related sample data by pressing a corresponding sensing electrode in advance, and then established by curve fitting, and the fitting function may be fitted by a simple polynomial, or according to the detecting circuit and the selected sensing.
  • the electrode structure establishes a fitting function.
  • the pressing position may be a center point of each of the sensing electrodes, or may be an arbitrary position. This position is referred to as a reference point of the sensing electrode, and the reference point is selected to be the position at which the induced electrode shape variable is maximized.
  • the size of the sample pressure can be selected with reference to the maximum pressure and minimum pressure of the user's actual use process.
  • sample data of the acquired pressure F i of 0gf, 100gf, 200gf, 300gf, 400gf, 500gf, 600gf is separately collected, and the RF curve is fitted and drawn by the sample data.
  • the sample data can well fall on the fitting curve; in other embodiments, the sample data of the pressure F i is not limited to 0gf, 100gf, 200gf, 300gf, 400gf, 500gf, 600gf, can be any value of pressure within the pressure sensor range.
  • the data table is then obtained by the look-up table method to obtain the pressure information corresponding to the original feature value, specifically:
  • the data of the RF relation table may be stored in the memory; it is assumed that the original feature value of the jth sensing electrode under a certain pressure is y j in real time, and the y j is between two preset pressures F i , F i +1 corresponding feature data y j,i , y j,i+1 , ie y j,i >y j ⁇ y j,i+1 (or y j,i ⁇ y j ⁇ y j,i+ 1 ), using a piecewise approximate linear method to calculate the pressure, ie
  • one of the nine sensing electrodes or the plurality of sensing electrodes may be selected to calculate the pressure, and the sensing electrode may be selected based on the pressing position and the position of the sensing electrode or based on the shape.
  • the size of the variable is selected and a plurality of sensing electrodes are selected for pressure calculation, the pressures respectively calculated by the plurality of sensing electrodes may be weighted and averaged as the pressure of the current pressing.
  • FIG. 5a is a schematic structural view of an initial state of the sensing electrode in the X direction
  • FIG. 5b is a schematic structural view of pressing the intermediate position of the sensing electrode in the X direction
  • FIG. 5c is a schematic structural view of pressing the sensing electrode near the right edge in the X direction
  • 5d is a schematic structural view of pressing the sensing electrode near the left edge in the X direction, where d 0 is the default distance between the pressing surface and the sensing electrode, and ⁇ d is a shape variable.
  • d 0 is the default distance between the pressing surface and the sensing electrode
  • ⁇ d is a shape variable.
  • the deformation of the sensing electrode when pressed near the left and right edges is smaller than the deformation of the deformation at the center position, if the pressure information is only measured according to the deformation amount. Then, when the same pressure is pressed at different positions of the sensing electrode, the pressure calculated at different positions of the system will have a large deviation. Similarly, the shape variables of the sensing electrodes will be different when pressed at the same pressure in different positions in the Y direction.
  • the X direction and the Y direction referred to herein refer to the X direction and the Y direction of the two-dimensional coordinates of the plane in which the touch screen is located, and can also be understood as the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
  • the shape variable of the sensing electrode when the user presses at the same pressure at different positions, the shape variable of the sensing electrode may be different, and there is a certain relationship between the known pressure and the shape variable, and the determined relationship is determined by the screen.
  • the physical structure of the body is determined. Based on the thin plate small disturbance degree deformation theory, the determined relationship can be quantitatively established and corrected for the pressure outputted at different positions, so that the pressure information acquired by the same sensing electrode is the same when the different positions are pressed by the same pressure.
  • the deformation amount at the sensing electrode S0 is ⁇ d a0 , and is pressed directly at the center of the sensing electrode S0 such that the velocity of the shape variable at the sensing electrode S0 is ⁇ d a0 is F 0 , that is,
  • the pressure F 0 pressed at the center of the sensing electrode S0 is equivalent to the pressure F a pressed at the Pa, and the original characteristic value detected by the sensing electrode S0 is the same, and based on the above analysis, The following relationship:
  • FIG. 6a another flow diagram of the pressure detecting method according to the present invention uses a method of dividing a logical channel and spatial interpolation to obtain a relative elastic coefficient with respect to an arbitrary position P with respect to each sensing electrode, specifically including The following steps:
  • S201 Perform area division on the entire touch screen, and each divided area serves as a logical channel.
  • the full screen is divided into N areas, and each area is regarded as a logical channel, which is respectively denoted as C 0 , C 1 , . . . , C N-1 , and the manner of dividing the area described in this embodiment is arbitrary.
  • the division may be a full screen uniform division or a non-uniform division, and the division manner may be selected according to actual needs, and the number N of the regions is determined by the division manner.
  • S203 Calculate the pressure by substituting the recorded sensing electrode characteristic data into the pressure curves of the corresponding sensing electrodes.
  • S204 Calculate the relative elastic coefficients of each of the logic channels with respect to the respective sensing electrodes by using the above calculated pressures.
  • the embodiment of the present invention combines the coordinate information reported by the touch screen with the virtual channel of the region division to obtain the current
  • the relative elastic modulus of the logic channel relative to each of the sensing electrodes and the pressure fed back by the sensing electrodes can be modified to enhance the consistency of the system output pressure when the different positions are pressed at the same force.
  • FIG. 7 it is another schematic flowchart of the pressure detecting method according to the present invention. Based on the foregoing steps, the calculation process of the pressure information during actual operation of the user may be further determined, including the following. step:
  • the pressures fed back by the respective sensing electrodes are denoted as F 0 , F 1 , ..., F 8 .
  • S302 Read data of a relative elastic coefficient of the pre-stored current logical channel at any of the sensing electrodes.
  • F 8 ' u i8 F 8 , ie the pressure of the final output is now F 0 ', F 1 ', ...
  • the result after F 8 ' takes the mean value, or takes the weighted average based on the distance between the logical channel and the sensing electrode, or the pressure calculated only by the sensing electrode closest to the logical channel.
  • the relative elastic coefficient is calculated based on the pressing position as the center position of the logical channel, so when the actual pressing position of the user does not fall in the center position of the logical channel, the acquired pressure information will exist. Deviation, in order to reduce the deviation, the number of divided logical channels can be increased, but considering various factors such as storage space, mass production efficiency, etc., the actually divided logical channel N is limited.
  • the relative elastic coefficient may be pre-stored in each device before leaving the factory. Each device may establish its own relative elastic coefficient, or may select several prototypes from a batch of devices as samples for establishing the elastic coefficient. The device can pre-store the same sample coefficients as the prototype.
  • the pressure detecting method of the present invention provides a calculation method based on spatial position interpolation, as shown in FIG. 8a, for sensing electrodes S4 when pressed at different positions on the pressing surface.
  • the relative elastic coefficient of each point, each curve represents the relative elastic coefficient of different positions on a certain line in Fig. 6b, reflecting the variation law of the relative elastic coefficient in the horizontal direction, as shown in Fig. 8b, when pressing at different positions on the pressing surface
  • each curve represents the relative elastic coefficient of a different position on a column in Fig. 6b, reflecting the variation of the relative elastic coefficient in the vertical direction.
  • the relative elastic coefficient changes in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction are continuous. Therefore, when the actual pressing position does not fall in the center of the logical channel, we can estimate the relative elastic modulus at the pressing position by using the relative elastic coefficient of the adjacent logical channel where the pressing position is located.
  • the relative elastic modulus at point P in Fig. 6b can be estimated from the relative elastic coefficients at logical channels C28, C29, C39, C40. There are many possible estimation methods (such as bilinear interpolation) depending on the specific case of the embodiment. ).
  • the nine logical channels of C40 use quadratic surface fitting to estimate the relative elastic coefficient.
  • the relative elastic coefficient at the pressing position can be effectively estimated by the relative elastic coefficient of the adjacent logical channel where the pressing position is located, thereby ensuring the acquired pressure information. accuracy.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a pressure detecting method for multi-point pressing, which will be briefly described below with reference to FIG. 2 .
  • the pressures F a and F b are simultaneously applied at Pa and Pb respectively, and the shape variables of a certain observation position are equivalent to the deformation variables when pressures F a and F b are respectively applied at Pa and Pb respectively. And.
  • any Q (Q ⁇ M) equations can be solved. Due to the influence of SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio), the errors calculated by different methods of selecting equations may be different.
  • the equation is selected, the coordinate information reported by the touch system may be combined, and the equation corresponding to the sensing electrode corresponding to the sensing position near the pressing position or the sensing electrode corresponding to the large amount of the original characteristic value before and after the pressing may be selected; the pressure calculation method according to the embodiment of the present invention It is not limited to the above-described least squares method. In other embodiments, the above-described least squares method may also be optimized, such as using weighted least squares (WLS) to further reduce the error.
  • WLS weighted least squares
  • the pressure information at each position can be accurately obtained when multiple positions are pressed by multiple forces, and the multi-finger pressure detection on the touch screen can be realized by using fewer electrodes in practical applications, thereby reducing the cost and improving the user's Use experience.
  • a schematic structural view of the pressure detecting device of the present invention includes a pressure detecting unit 101, a processing unit 102, a first obtaining unit 103, and a second acquiring unit 104.
  • the pressure detecting unit 101 is configured to acquire deformation of at least one pressure detected by the externally applied at least one pressure, and convert the deformation into a corresponding original feature value represented by an electrical signal, wherein the original feature a value corresponding to the pressure;
  • the processing unit 102 is configured to calculate pressure information corresponding to the feedback of the sensing electrodes according to the original characteristic values of the sensing electrodes.
  • the processing unit 102 is specifically configured to substitute the obtained original characteristic values of the sensing electrodes into the pressure curves of the corresponding sensing electrodes. In, read the pre-stored current logical channel in any sense Based on the data of the relative elastic coefficient at the electrode, the calculated pressure is corrected based on the data of the relative elastic coefficient, and the final result is output.
  • the first obtaining unit 103 is configured to acquire a pressure curve corresponding to each sensing electrode, where the pressure curve is a relationship between a original characteristic value of the corresponding sensing electrode and a pressure;
  • the second obtaining unit 104 is configured to acquire a relative elastic coefficient with respect to each sensing electrode for an arbitrary position, wherein the relative elastic coefficient is used to indicate that when pressing at different positions, for pressing a shape variable of the same sensing electrode at different positions
  • the second obtaining unit 104 is specifically configured to perform area division on the entire touch screen, and each divided area serves as a logical channel, and presses at a center of each divided area with a preset force and records each sensing electrode.
  • the characteristic data is obtained by substituting the recorded characteristic data of each sensing electrode into the pressure curve of the corresponding sensing electrodes, and calculating the relative elastic coefficient of each logical channel with respect to each sensing electrode by the calculated pressure.
  • the pressure detecting module 100 estimates the relative elastic modulus at the pressing position by the relative elastic coefficient of the adjacent logical channel where the pressing position is located.
  • the pressure curve and the relative elastic coefficient may be established and stored in advance, and when the pressure information is acquired, the corresponding pressure curve and relative elastic coefficient stored in advance may be directly read.
  • the pressure of the pressure detecting module 100 through the sensing electrodes and the relative position of the M positions relative to the sensing electrodes.
  • the elastic coefficient establishes the equations, and Q equations are selected from the equations to solve the corresponding pressures at each position.
  • Q and M are positive integers, and Q ⁇ M.
  • the pressure detecting device in the above embodiment may perform the pressure detecting method provided by the embodiment of the present invention. It has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.
  • the pressure detecting device 200 includes a pressure sensor 201, at least one processor 202, and a memory 203.
  • the pressure sensor 201 is composed of a plurality of identical sensing electrodes 2011 for identifying deformation caused by externally applied at least one pressure and converting the deformation into corresponding original characteristic values characterized by electrical signals, wherein
  • the pressure sensor 201 includes a capacitive sensor, a resistive sensor, and the like.
  • the pressure sensor 201 is a capacitive sensor;
  • the number of the sensing electrodes 2011 in the embodiment of the present invention is nine, but the number is not limited to nine.
  • the pressure sensor 201 further includes a pressing surface 2012 and a detecting circuit unit 2013.
  • a pressing surface 2012 When an externally applied pressure acts on the pressing surface 2012, the deformation of the pressing surface 2012 causes a change in resistance and/or capacitance with the sensing electrode 2011.
  • the detection circuit unit 2013 identifies the resistance and/or capacitance change and converts the change into an electrical signal, which is output in a certain form as an original feature value corresponding to the pressing force.
  • the at least one processor 202 is configured to calculate pressure information corresponding to the feedback of the sensing electrode 2011 according to the original characteristic value of each sensing electrode, and the processor 2012 is configured to implement some or all of the steps of the foregoing method, and calculate the pressure information.
  • the procedure please refer to the above method embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the memory 203 is configured to store various data that supports the operation of the processor 202, and the memory 203 is implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access.
  • Memory SRAM
  • electrically erasable programmable read only memory EEPROM
  • EPROM Electrically erasable programmable read only memory
  • PROM Programmable Read Only Memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • Magnetic Memory Flash Memory
  • Disk or Optical Disk and the like.
  • real-time accurate detection of external pressure can be realized by the pressure detecting device and converted into corresponding pressure information.

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Abstract

一种压力检测方法，包括：获取至少一个感应电极识别的由外部施加的至少一个压力引起的形变，并将形变转化为相应的由电信号表征的原始特征值，其中，原始特征值与压力对应；根据各个感应电极的原始特征值计算对应感应电极反馈的压力信息。还提供了压力检测装置和设备。

Description

一种压力检测方法、装置及设备 技术领域
本发明涉及触控技术领域，尤其涉及一种压力检测方法、装置及设备。
背景技术
移动电子设备为人们的日常生活工作带来了不少便利，已成为人们不可或缺的工具。用于移动电子设备的输入装置有多种，例如按键、鼠标、操纵杆、激光笔、触摸屏等。触控技术因其良好的交互性被迅速地应用于各种电子设备，该技术已趋于成熟，基于该技术的各种可能应用也被充分挖掘。
随着技术的发展，用户对电子设备如手机、平板等的操作体验要求也越来越高，期待更便利的人机交互体验。压力检测技术在触控技术提供的位置信息基础上增加了另一维度信息，基于输入的压力信息可以开发各种应用，为人们使用电子设备带来一种全新的操作体验。例如，屏幕按压弹出下拉菜单或是“小圆球”，重压加快页面上下、左右的滚动速度，触觉反馈等效果。
在实现本发明过程中，发明人发现现有技术中至少存在如下问题：现有的触控按压检测装置中，为了实现更准确的检测通常需要设置数量众多的电极(或传感器)，成本较高，同时也不能实现对多点按压的压力检测。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中相关产品的不足，本发明提出一种压力检测方法、装置及设备，利用较少的电极就可实现多指压力检测。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
本发明提供的一种压力检测方法，包括：获取至少一个感应电极识别的由外部施加的至少一个压力引起的形变，并将所述形变转化为相应的由电信号表征的原始特征值，其中，所述原始特征值与所述压力对应；根据各感应电极的原始特征值计算对应感应电极反馈的压力信息。
作为本发明的进一步改进，在所述根据各感应电极的原始特征值计算对应感应电极反馈的压力信息之前，所述方法还包括：获取各个感应电极对应的压力曲线，所述压力曲线为对应的感应电极的原始特征值与压力的关系，其中，获取压力曲线的方式包括直接获取预存的或单独建立；获取对于任意位置相对于各个感应电极的相对弹性系数，其中，获取相对弹性系数的方式包括直接获取预存的或单独建立，所述相对弹性系数用于表示在不同位置按压时，对于按压在不同位置处同一感应电极的形变量的差别。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述获取对于任意位置相对于各个感应电极的相对弹性系数包括：对整个触摸屏进行区域划分，每一个划分的区域作为一个逻辑通道；在每个划分的区域的中心以预设的力度进行按压并记录各感应电极的特征数据；将记录的各感应电极的特征数据代入对应的压力曲线计算压力；通过上述计算得出的压力分别计算出每个逻辑通道相对于各个感应电极的相对弹性系数。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述根据各感应电极的原始特征值计算对应感应电极反馈的压力信息包括：将获取的各感应电极的原始特征值分别代入对应感应电极的压力曲线中；读取预先存储的当前逻辑通道在任一感应电极处的相对弹性系数的数据；根据所述相对弹性系数的数据，对计算得到的压力进行修正，输出最终结果。
作为本发明的进一步改进，当按压位置没有落在逻辑通道的中心时，通过按压位置所在的临近逻辑通道的相对弹性系数估算出按压位置处的相对弹性系数。
作为本发明的进一步改进，当同时存在M个压力分别按压位置不同的M个位置时，通过各感应电极反馈的压力和M个位置相对于各感应电极处的相对弹性系数建立方程组，并从方程组中挑选出Q个方程求解出各位置处对应的压力，其中，Q和M均为正整数，且Q≥M。
本发明提供的一种压力检测模块，包括：压力检测单元，用于获取至少一个感应电极识别的由外部施加的至少一个压力引起的形变，并将所述形变转化为相应的由电信号表征的原始特征值，其中，所述原始特征值与所述压力对应；处理单元，用于根据各感应电极的原始特征值计算对应感应电极反馈的压力信息。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述模块还包括：第一获取单元，用于获取各个感应电极对应的压力曲线，所述压力曲线为对应的感应电极的原始特征值与压力的关系，其中，获取压力曲线的方式包括直接获取预存的或单独建立；第二获取单元，用于获取对于任意位置相对于各个感应电极的相对弹性系数，其中，获取相对弹性系数的方式包括直接获取预存的或单独建立，所述相对弹性系数用于表示在不同位置按压时，对于按压在不同位置处同一感应电极的形变量的差别。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第二获取单元具体用于：对整个触摸屏进行区域划分，每一个划分的区域作为一个逻辑通道；在每个划分的区域的中心以预设的力度进行按压并记录各感应电极的特征数据；将记录的各感应电极的 特征数据代入对应的各感应电极的压力曲线计算压力；通过上述计算得出的压力分别计算出每个逻辑通道相对于各个感应电极的相对弹性系数。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述处理单元具体用于：将获取的各感应电极的原始特征值分别代入对应感应电极的压力曲线中；读取预先存储的当前逻辑通道在任一感应电极处的相对弹性系数的数据；根据所述相对弹性系数的数据，对计算得到的压力进行修正，输出最终结果。
作为本发明的进一步改进，当按压位置没有落在逻辑通道的中心时，通过按压位置所在的临近逻辑通道的相对弹性系数估算出按压位置处的相对弹性系数。
作为本发明的进一步改进，当同时存在M个压力分别按压位置不同的M个位置时，通过各感应电极反馈的压力和M个位置相对于各感应电极处的相对弹性系数建立方程组，并从方程组中挑选出Q个方程求解出各位置处对应的压力，其中，Q和M均为正整数，且Q≥M。
本发明提供的一种压力检测设备，包括：压力传感器，由至少一个感应电极组成，用于识别由外部施加的至少一个压力引起的形变，并将所述形变转化为相应的由电信号表征的原始特征值，其中，所述原始特征值与所述压力对应；至少一个处理器，用于根据各感应电极的原始特征值计算对应感应电极反馈的压力信息；存储器，用于存储支持所述处理器正常运行的各项数据。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述压力传感器包括电阻式传感器和/或电容式传感器。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述压力传感器还包括按压面以及检测电路单元，当外部施加的压力作用在所述按压面上时，所述按压面的形变引起了与感 应电极间的电阻和/或电容变化，所述检测电路单元用于识别所述电阻和/或电容变化，并将该变化转化为电信号，所述电信号按照一定形式输出为代表相应按压力度的原始特征值。
与现有技术相比，本发明有以下优点：
1、结合触摸屏上报的坐标信息采用区域划分的虚拟通道及空间插值的方法，可以提高所获取的压力信息的在空间位置上的一致性。
2、通过插值的方法，即使按压位置没有落在逻辑通道的中心，也可以通过按压位置所在的临近逻辑通道的相对弹性系数有效估算出按压位置处的相对弹性系数，保证了所获取的压力信息的准确性。
3、同时存在M个压力分别按压位置不同的M个位置时，通过各感应电极反馈的压力和M个位置相对于各感应电极处的相对弹性系数建立方程组，并从方程组中挑选出Q个方程求解出各位置处对应的压力，可以在多个力度按压多个位置时，准确的获取各位置处的压力信息，实际应用中利用较少的电极就可以实现触摸屏上的多指按压检测，降低了成本同时提高用户的使用体验。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明所述压力检测方法一个实施例的流程示意图；
图2为本发明一种实施方式的感应电极的分布示意图；
图3为本发明一种实施方式的压力曲线示意图；
图4为本发明所述各个感应电极的原始特征值与压力关系表；
图5a为本发明所述在X方向上感应电极初始状态的结构示意图；
图5b为本发明所述在X方向上按压感应电极中间位置的结构示意图；
图5c为本发明所述在X方向上按压感应电极靠近右边缘处的结构示意图；
图5d为本发明所述在X方向上按压感应电极靠近左边缘处的结构示意图；
图6a为本发明所述压力检测方法第一实施例的另一流程示意图；
图6b为本发明所述区域划分的示意图；
图6c为本发明相对弹性系数的记录表；
图7为本发明所述压力检测方法第一实施例的另一流程示意图；
图8a为本发明所述感应电极S4处某一行位置的相对弹性系数示意图；
图8b为本发明所述感应电极S4处某一列位置的相对弹性系数示意图；
图9为本发明所述压力检测装置的结构示意图；
图10为本发明所述压力检测设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳实施例。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。
实施例一
参阅图1所示，为本发明所述压力检测方法的一个实施例的流程示意图，本发明实施例具体介绍上述的压力计算方法，包括如下步骤：
S101：获取至少一个感应电极识别的由外部施加的至少一个压力引起的形变，并将所述形变转化为相应的由电信号表征的原始特征值，其中，所述原始特征值与所述压力对应。
在本发明实施例中，上述步骤由压力传感器实现，所述压力传感器可由多个感应电极组成，所述压力传感器可以是电容式传感器、电阻式传感器等，在本发明的一些实施例中，所述压力传感器为电容式传感器；所述感应电极可以是不相同的感应电极，在本发明的一些实施例中，所述感应电极也可以是相同的感应电极，所述感应电极的数量可根据实际需求进行设置，由于成本和性能的综合考虑，本实施例所述感应电极的数量为9个，参阅图2所示，其中S0、S1、S2、S3、S4、S5、S6、S7、S8均为感应电极，但实现本发明所需感应电极的数量并不限于9个，还可以是其他数量，诸如8个、4个、15个。
所述压力传感器还包括按压面以及检测电路单元，当外部施加的压力作用在所述按压面上时，所述按压面的形变引起了与感应电极间的电容变化，所述检测电路单元用于识别所述电容变化，并将该变化转化为电信号，所述电信号按照一定形式输出为代表相应按压力度的原始特征值。
S102：根据各感应电极的原始特征值计算对应感应电极反馈的压力信息。
首先，在计算得到所述压力信息之前/之时，本发明实施例需要获取各个感应电极对应的压力曲线，所述获取感应电极对应的压力曲线的方式是通过从系统的存储数据内读取预先存储的压力曲线数据，所述的预先存储压力曲线数据的方式包括直接存储建立的压力曲线相关的公式参数或根据公式建立并存储对 应的不同力度下的样本数据表；所述压力曲线是指在各个感应电极的基准点处按压时，对应的感应电极检测到的原始特征值与压力(即按压力度，下同)的关系，可以简称为R-F曲线(Raw Data—Force曲线)，记为Rj＝fj(θj,F)，j＝0,1,...8，其中θj为待确定参数矢量。所述压力曲线可以在出厂前预先存储在每一台设备中，每一台设备可以分别建立各自的压力曲线，也可以从一批设备中挑选几个样机作为建立压力曲线的样本，其他设备可以预存与样机相同的压力曲线。设备出厂使用过程中，需要计算压力信息的时候读取这些预存的压力曲线即可。
可选的，所述R-F曲线可以通过事先按压对应的感应电极获取相关样本数据，然后通过曲线拟合的方式建立，拟合函数可以采用简单的多项式拟合，或者根据检测电路及所选取的感应电极结构建立拟合函数。
本实施例中，按压位置可以是各个感应电极的中心点，也可以是任意位置，该位置称为感应电极的基准点，基准点选择在使感应电极形变量最大的位置较好。样本压力的大小可以参照用户实际使用过程的最大压力和最小压力选择若干个压力。
具体的：
分别对每个感应电极用n个不同的压力Fi，i＝1,2,...n在该感应电极的基准点按压，记录原始特征值(Raw Data)，共9组，其中，感应电极S0对应的一组R-F数据为：(F1,r01),(F2,r02),...,(Fn,r0n)，感应电极S1对应的一组R-F数据为：(F1,r11),(F2,r12),...,(Fn,r1n)，……，感应电极S8对应的一组R-F数据为：(F1,r81),(F2,r82),...,(Fn,r8n)。
结合各个感应电极的R-F曲线Rj＝fj(θj,F)，j＝0,1,...8的假设函数模型，利用原始样本数据(F1,r01),(F2,r02),...,(Fn,r0n)，(F1,r11),(F2,r12),...,(Fn,r1n)，……，(F1,r81),(F2,r82),...,(Fn,r8n)对Rj＝fj(θj,F)，j＝0,1,...8进行拟合，确定并记录参数 θj，j＝0,1,...8。
R-F曲线Rj＝fj(θj,F)中的参数θj确定后，只需将压力传感器实时检测到的原始特征值代入Rj＝fj(θj,F)，j＝0,1,...8即可计算对应的压力。
例如，参阅图3所示，通过事先分别采集获取压力Fi为0gf、100gf、200gf、300gf、400gf、500gf、600gf的样本数据，并通过所述样本数据进行拟合并绘制R-F曲线，由图3可以看出，所述样本数据都可以很好的落在拟合曲线上；在其他实施方式中，所述压力Fi的样本数据并不只限于0gf、100gf、200gf、300gf、400gf、500gf、600gf，可以是在压力传感器量程范围内的任意数值的压力。
为了简化运算量加快处理器的数据处理速度，可以选择根据Rj＝fj(θj,F)，j＝0,1,...8在压力样本Fi下对应的原始特征值事先建立数据表，然后通过查表法获取原始特征值对应的压力信息，具体的：
参阅图4所示，根据Rj＝fj(θj,F)，j＝0,1,...8预设一个压力间隔step(如50gf)建立各个感应电极的R-F关系表，所述R-F关系表的数据可以存储在存储器中；假设实时获取到某压力下的第j个感应电极的原始特征值为yj，所述的yj介于两个预设的压力Fi，Fi+1对应的特征数据yj,i，yj,i+1之间，即yj,i>yj≥yj,i+1(或yj,i<yj≤yj,i+1)，采用分段近似线性的方法计算压力，即
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000001
当按压位置位于图2中的Pa或Pb时，可以选取9个感应电极中的其中一个感应电极或者多个感应电极计算压力，感应电极的选取方法可以基于按压位置与感应电极的位置或者基于形变量的大小，选择多个感应电极进行压力计算的情况下，可以将多个感应电极分别计算得到的压力作加权平均后作为当前按压的压力。
图5a为在X方向上感应电极初始状态的结构示意图，图5b为在X方向上 按压感应电极中间位置的结构示意图，图5c为在X方向上按压感应电极靠近右边缘处的结构示意图，图5d为在X方向上按压感应电极靠近左边缘处的结构示意图，图中所示d0为按压面与所述感应电极之间的默认距离，Δd即为形变量，为了描述方便，图中仅截取了按压面到感应电极之间的部分，实际应用中所述感应电极不一定放置在图中所示的位置。综合图5a、图5b、图5c以及图5d可以明显看出，在靠近左右边缘处按压时感应电极的形变量比在中心位置处按压的形变量要小，如果仅仅按照形变量来衡量压力信息，那么同一压力在所述感应电极不同位置按压时，系统计算到的不同位置的压力将会存在较大的偏差。同理，沿着Y方向上不同位置以同一压力按压时感应电极的形变量也将会不同。这里所说的X方向和Y方向，指的是触摸屏所在平面二维坐标的X方向和Y方向，也可以理解为水平方向和竖直方向。
对于同一感应电极，用户在不同位置以同一压力按压时，所述感应电极的形变量可能会不同，已知压力与形变量之间会存在某种确定的关系，这种确定的关系是由屏体的物理结构决定。基于薄板小扰度形变理论，可以定量建立并利用该确定的关系对不同位置输出的压力进行修正，使得以同一压力按压不同位置时，同一感应电极获取的压力信息相同。
基于薄板小扰度形变理论，可以推导得出形变量与压力近似呈线性关系；假设在感应电极S0中心按压时，感应电极S0处的形变量与压力满足F＝k0Δd，在Pa处按压时，感应电极S0的形变量与压力满足F＝ka0Δd，已知感应电极S0处检测到的原始特征值完全由感应电极S0的形变量确定，即无论按压位置在哪里，只要感应电极S0处的形变量相同，在感应电极S0处检测到的原始特征值相同。
假设在Pa处以任意压力Fa进行按压，在感应电极S0处的形变量为Δda0， 直接在感应电极S0中心处按压使得感应电极S0处的形变量为Δda0的力度为F0，即对于感应电极S0而言，在感应电极S0中心处按压的压力F0与在Pa处按压的压力Fa是等效的，感应电极S0检测到的原始特征值是相同的，基于上述分析，可以得到如下关系：
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000002
本实施例中，在Pa处按压时，将感应电极S0检测到的原始特征值代入感应电极S0的R-F曲线R0＝f0(θ0,F)中算出的等效的压力F0乘以
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000003
即为当前Pa处的真实压力；若定义
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000004
为位置Pa在感应电极S0处的相对弹性系数，由于所述相对弹性系数反映的是在不同位置按压时，对于按压在不同位置处同一感应电极的形变量的差别，这个形变量差异主要由物理结构决定，对于同一个感应电极来说，各个位置在各个感应电极处的相对弹性系数是可以通过事先测试获取的；对于任意位置P，位置P在每一个感应电极处都会存在一个相对弹性系数up0，up1，up2，up3，up4，up5，up6，up7，up8。
参阅图6a所示，为本发明所述压力检测方法的另一流程示意图，采用划分逻辑通道及空间插值的方法来获取对于任意位置P，相对于每一个感应电极处的相对弹性系数，具体包括如下步骤：
S201：对整个触摸屏进行区域划分，每一个划分的区域作为一个逻辑通道。
参阅图6b所示，将全屏划分成N个区域，每个区域作为一个逻辑通道，分别记为C0，C1，…，CN-1，本实施例所述的区域划分的方式是任意的，可以是全屏均匀的划分，也可以是非均匀的划分，可以根据实际需求自行选择划分方式，所述区域的数量N由划分的方式确定。
S202：在每个划分的区域的中心以预设的力度进行按压并记录各感应电极的特征数据。
分别在每个逻辑通道的中心以m(m≥1)个预设力度F1,F2,…Fm进行按压，记录下各感应电极的特征数据，用预设力度Fk按压逻辑通道Ci时各感应电极的特征数据记为
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000005
S203：将记录的各感应电极特征数据代入对应的各感应电极的压力曲线计算压力。
将步骤S202中得到的
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000006
代入对应的R-F曲线Rj＝fj(θj,F)，j＝0,1,...8计算压力，记为
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000008
S204：通过上述计算得出的压力分别计算出每个逻辑通道相对于各个感应电极的相对弹性系数。
根据步骤S203中计算到的压力计算逻辑通道Ci在感应电极Sj处的相对弹性系数uij，
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000009
记录所述相对弹性系数uij的数据，所述数据保存在存储器中，如图6c所示。
通过上述步骤可以很明确的获取对于当前逻辑通道Ci在任一感应电极Sj处的相对弹性系数uij，基于上述分析，本发明实施例结合触摸屏上报的坐标信息采用区域划分的虚拟通道获取当前逻辑通道相对于各个感应电极的相对弹性系数并对各感应电极反馈的压力进行修正，可以增强以相同力度按压不同位置时系统输出压力的一致性。
参阅图7所示，为本发明所述压力检测方法的另一流程示意图，在上述步骤的基础上，可以进一步确定用户实际操作时压力信息的计算过程，包括如下 步骤：
S301：将获取的各感应电极的原始特征值分别代入对应感应电极的压力曲线中。
将各感应电极的原始特征值R0，R1，……，R8分别代入对应感应电极的R-F曲线Rj＝fj(θj,F)，j＝0,1,...8计算各感应电极反馈的压力，记为F0，F1，……，F8。
S302：读取预先存储的当前逻辑通道在任一感应电极处的相对弹性系数的数据。
根据系统上报的位置坐标信息计算当前的按压中心位置对应的逻辑通道Ci，从存储器中读取出逻辑通道Ci在各感应电极处的相对弹性系数ui0，ui1，……，ui8。
S303：根据所述相对弹性系数的数据，对计算得到的压力进行修正，输出最终结果。
由F0′＝ui0F0，F1′＝ui1F1，……，F8′＝ui8F8，即现在的最终输出的压力为综合F0′，F1′，……，F8′后的结果，例如取均值，或基于逻辑通道与感应电极的距离取加权平均，或只用距离逻辑通道最近的感应电极计算的压力等。
由上述分析可以知道，相对弹性系数是以按压位置为逻辑通道的中心位置为参考计算得出的，所以，当用户的实际按压位置没有落在逻辑通道的中心位置时，获取的压力信息会存在偏差，为了减少偏差可以增加划分逻辑通道的个数，但是考虑到诸如存储空间、量产效率等各种因素，实际划分的逻辑通道N是有限的。所述相对弹性系数可以在出厂前预先存储在每一台设备中，每一台设备可以分别建立各自的相对弹性系数，也可以从一批设备中挑选几个样机作为建立弹性系数的样本，其他设备可以预存与样机相同的样本系数。
为了解决这个问题，本发明所述的压力检测方法提供了一种基于空间位置插值的计算方法，参阅图8a所示，为在按压面上不同位置按压时在感应电极S4 处的相对弹性系数，每一条曲线代表图6b中某一行上的不同位置的相对弹性系数，反映相对弹性系数沿水平方向的变化规律，参阅图8b所示，为在按压面上不同位置按压时在感应电极S4处的相对弹性系数，每一条曲线代表图6b中某一列上的不同位置的相对弹性系数，反映相对弹性系数沿竖直方向的变化规律。
从图8a，图8b中可以看出，相对弹性系数沿着水平方向或者竖直方向的变化都是连续的。因此，当实际按压位置没有落在逻辑通道的中心时，我们可以利用按压位置所在的临近逻辑通道的相对弹性系数估计出按压位置处的相对弹性系数。图6b中的P点处的相对弹性系数可以由逻辑通道C28，C29，C39，C40处的相对弹性系数估计出，根据实施例的具体情况存在多种可能的估计方法(如双线性插值法)。
设P处的坐标(以按压面左上角为坐标零点)为(x,y)，逻辑通道C28，C29，C39，C40处的坐标(中心点的坐标)分别为(x28,y28)，(x29,y29)，(x39,y39)，(x40,y40)，以感应电极S4为参考时，逻辑通道C28，C29，C39，C40处的弹性系数比为u28，u29，u39，u40。所以有：
Y方向插值：
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000010
X方向插值：
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000011
此外，我们也可以选取P处附近的多个逻辑通道通过曲面拟合的方法估计P处的相对弹性系数，如图6b中可以选取C16，C17，C18，C27，C28，C39，C38，C39，C40这9个逻辑通道利用二次曲面拟合估计相对弹性系数。
通过上述插值的方法，即使按压位置没有落在逻辑通道的中心，也可以通过按压位置所在的临近逻辑通道的相对弹性系数有效估算出按压位置处的相对弹性系数，保证了所获取的压力信息的准确性。
实施例二
在上述实施例的基础上，为本发明所述压力检测方法的第二实施例，本发明实施例进一步给出了一种多点按压时的压力检测方法，下面结合图2进行简要的说明。
根据薄板形变的线性叠加理论，分别在Pa，Pb处同时施加压力Fa，Fb，某观察位置的形变量等效为分别在Pa，Pb处单独施加压力Fa，Fb时的形变量的和。
假设Pa处在各感应电极处的相对弹性系数为ua0，ua1，……，ua8，Pb在各感应电极处的相对弹性系数为ub0，ub1，……，ub8，位置Pa和Pb在各感应电极处的相对弹性系数通过上述插值的方法计算得到。
根据上述实施例分析，在Pa处按压力度Fa，将各感应电极的原始特征值Rj，j＝0,1,…,8代入对应感应电极的R-F曲线Rj＝fj(θj,F)，j＝0,1,...8计算到的压力为Fa/uaj，j＝0,1,...,8。
同理，在Pb处按压力度Fb，将各感应电极的原始特征指Rj，j＝0,1,…,8代入对应感应电极的R-F曲线Rj＝fj(θj,F)，j＝0,1,...8计算到的压力为Fb/ubj，j＝0,1,…,8。
那么同时在Pa，Pb处分别施加压力Fa，Fb时，将各感应电极的原始特征数据Rj，j＝0,1,…,8代入对应感应电极的R-F曲线Rj＝fj(θj,F)，j＝0,1,...8计算到的压力应该为Fj＝Fa/uaj+Fb/ubj，j＝0,1,…,8。
同理，同时存在M个压力
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000012
分别按压位置p1,……，pM，我们可以建立如下方程组，
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000013
只需从式(0)中挑选出Q(Q≥M)个方程采用最小二乘法即可求解出各位置处的压力
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000014
其中，Q和M均为正整数，假设挑选的Q个方程对应的感应电极为j1,…,jQ，0≤j1,…,jQ≤8。
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000015
记
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000016
式(0)的最小二乘解f＝(UΤU)-1UΤf′即为各处的按压力度。
理论上，任选Q(Q≥M)个方程的都是可以解出
Figure PCTCN2016106903-appb-000017
的，由于SNR(信噪比)的影响，不同的挑选方程方法计算到的结果的误差可能不一样。挑选方程时可以结合触控系统上报的坐标信息，考虑优选选择按压位置附近感应电极对应的方程或者按压前后原始特征值变化量大的感应电极对应的方程；本发明实施例所述的压力计算方法并不限于上述最小二乘方法，在其他实施方式中，还可以对上述最小二乘方法进行优化，如采用加权最小二乘法(WLS)进一步减小误差。
通过上述过程可以在多个力度按压多个位置时，准确的获取各位置处的压力信息，实际应用中利用较少的电极就可以实现触摸屏上的多指按压检测，降低了成本同时提高用户的使用体验。
实施例三
参阅图9所示，本发明所述压力检测装置的结构示意图，所述压力检测装置100包括压力检测单元101、处理单元102、第一获取单元103和第二获取单元104。
所述压力检测单元101用于获取至少一个感应电极识别的由外部施加的至少一个压力引起的形变，并将所述形变转化为相应的由电信号表征的原始特征值，其中，所述原始特征值与所述压力对应；
所述处理单元102用于根据各感应电极的原始特征值计算对应感应电极反馈的压力信息；所述处理单元102具体用于将获取的各感应电极的原始特征值分别代入对应感应电极的压力曲线中，读取预先存储的当前逻辑通道在任一感 应电极处的相对弹性系数的数据，根据所述相对弹性系数的数据，对计算得到的压力进行修正，输出最终结果。
第一获取单元103用于获取各个感应电极对应的压力曲线，所述压力曲线为对应的感应电极的原始特征值与压力的关系；
第二获取单元104用于获取对于任意位置相对于各个感应电极的相对弹性系数，其中，所述相对弹性系数用于表示在不同位置按压时，对于按压在不同位置处同一感应电极的形变量的差别；所述第二获取单元104具体用于对整个触摸屏进行区域划分，每一个划分的区域作为一个逻辑通道，在每个划分的区域的中心以预设的力度进行按压并记录各感应电极的特征数据，将记录的各感应电极的特征数据代入对应的各感应电极的压力曲线计算压力，通过上述计算得出的压力分别计算出每个逻辑通道相对于各个感应电极的相对弹性系数。
在本发明的实施例中，当按压位置没有落在逻辑通道的中心时，所述的压力检测模块100通过按压位置所在的临近逻辑通道的相对弹性系数估算出按压位置处的相对弹性系数。
在本发明的其他实施例中，所述的压力曲线、相对弹性系数可以预先建立并存储，在获取压力信息时，可以直接读取预先存储的对应的压力曲线、相对弹性系数。
在本发明的实施例中，当同时存在M个压力分别按压位置不同的M个位置时，所述的压力检测模块100通过各感应电极反馈的压力和M个位置相对于各感应电极处的相对弹性系数建立方程组，并从方程组中挑选出Q个方程求解出各位置处对应的压力，其中，Q和M均为正整数，且Q≥M。
上述实施例中的压力检测装置可执行本发明实施例所提供的压力检测方法， 具备执行方法相应的功能模块和有益效果。
实施例四
参阅图10所示，为本发明所述压力检测设备200的结构示意图，所述压力检测装置200包括压力传感器201、至少一个处理器202以及存储器203。
所述压力传感器201由多个相同的感应电极2011组成，用于识别由外部施加的至少一个压力引起的形变，并将所述形变转化为相应的由电信号表征的原始特征值，其中，所述原始特征值与所述压力对应；所述压力传感器201包括电容式传感器、电阻式传感器等，在本发明实施例中，所述压力传感器201为电容式传感器；所述感应电极2011数量根据实际需求进行设置，由于成本和性能的综合考虑，本发明实施例所述感应电极2011数量为9个，但其数量并不限于9个。
所述压力传感器201还包括按压面2012及检测电路单元2013当外部施加的压力作用在所述按压面2012时，所述按压面2012形变引起了与感应电极2011的电阻和/或电容变化，所述检测电路单元2013识别所述电阻和/或电容变化，并将该变化转化为电信号，所述电信号按照一定形式输出为与按压力度相对应的原始特征值。
所述至少一个处理器202用于根据各感应电极的原始特征值计算对应感应电极2011反馈的压力信息，所述处理器2012用以实施上述的方法的部分或全部步骤，所述压力信息的计算过程请参考上述方法实施例，这里不再赘述。
所述存储器203用于存储支持所述处理器202常运行的各项数据，所述存储器203以由任何类型的易失性或非易失性存储设备或者它们的组合实现，如静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)，电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)，可擦 除可编程只读存储器(EPROM)，可编程只读存储器(PROM)，随机存取存储器(RAM)，只读存储器(ROM)，磁存储器，快闪存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
在本发明实施例中，通过所述压力检测设备可以实现对外部压力的实时准确的检测并转化为相应的压力信息。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种压力检测方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取至少一个感应电极识别的由外部施加的至少一个压力引起的形变，并将所述形变转化为相应的由电信号表征的原始特征值，其中，所述原始特征值与所述压力对应；
    根据各感应电极的原始特征值计算对应感应电极反馈的压力信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的压力检测方法，其特征在于，在所述根据各感应电极的原始特征值计算对应感应电极反馈的压力信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    获取各个感应电极对应的压力曲线，所述压力曲线为对应的感应电极的原始特征值与压力的关系，其中，获取压力曲线的方式包括直接获取预存的或单独建立；
    获取对于任意位置相对于各个感应电极的相对弹性系数，其中，获取相对弹性系数的方式包括直接获取预存的或单独建立，所述相对弹性系数用于表示在不同位置按压时，对于按压在不同位置处同一感应电极的形变量的差别。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的压力检测方法，其特征在于，建立所述对于任意位置相对于各个感应电极的相对弹性系数包括：
    对整个触摸屏进行区域划分，每一个划分的区域作为一个逻辑通道；
    在每个划分的区域的中心以预设的力度进行按压并记录各感应电极的特征数据；
    将记录的各感应电极的特征数据代入对应的各感应电极的压力曲线计算压力；
    通过上述计算得出的压力分别计算出每个逻辑通道相对于各个感应电极的 相对弹性系数。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的压力检测方法，其特征在于，所述根据各感应电极的原始特征值计算对应感应电极反馈的压力信息包括：
    将获取的各感应电极的原始特征值分别代入对应感应电极的压力曲线中；
    读取预先存储的当前逻辑通道在任一感应电极处的相对弹性系数的数据；
    根据所述相对弹性系数的数据，对计算得到的压力进行修正，输出最终结果。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的压力检测方法，其特征在于：当按压位置没有落在逻辑通道的中心时，通过按压位置所在的临近逻辑通道的相对弹性系数估算出按压位置处的相对弹性系数。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的压力检测方法，其特征在于：当同时存在M个压力分别按压位置不同的M个位置时，通过各感应电极反馈的压力和M个位置相对于各感应电极处的相对弹性系数建立方程组，并从方程组中挑选出Q个方程求解出各位置处对应的压力，其中，Q和M均为正整数，且Q≥M。
  7. 一种压力检测模块，其特征在于，包括：
    压力检测单元，用于获取至少一个感应电极识别的由外部施加的至少一个压力引起的形变，并将所述形变转化为相应的由电信号表征的原始特征值，其中，所述原始特征值与所述压力对应；
    处理单元，用于根据各感应电极的原始特征值计算对应感应电极反馈的压力信息。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的压力检测模块，其特征在于，所述模块还包括：
    第一获取单元，用于获取各个感应电极对应的压力曲线，所述压力曲线为 对应的感应电极的原始特征值与压力的关系，其中，获取压力曲线的方式包括直接获取预存的或单独建立；
    第二获取单元，用于获取对于任意位置相对于各个感应电极的相对弹性系数，其中，获取相对弹性系数的方式包括直接获取预存的或单独建立，所述相对弹性系数用于表示在不同位置按压时，对于按压在不同位置处同一感应电极的形变量的差别。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的压力检测模块，其特征在于，所述第二获取单元具体用于：
    对整个触摸屏进行区域划分，每一个划分的区域作为一个逻辑通道；
    在每个划分的区域的中心以预设的力度进行按压并记录各感应电极的特征数据；
    将记录的各感应电极的特征数据代入对应的各感应电极的压力曲线计算压力；
    通过上述计算得出的压力分别计算出每个逻辑通道相对于各个感应电极的相对弹性系数。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的压力检测模块，其特征在于，所述处理单元具体用于：
    将获取的各感应电极的原始特征值分别代入对应感应电极的压力曲线中；
    读取预先存储的当前逻辑通道在任一感应电极处的相对弹性系数的数据；
    根据所述相对弹性系数的数据，对计算得到的压力进行修正，输出最终结果。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的压力检测模块，其特征在于：当按压位置没有 落在逻辑通道的中心时，通过按压位置所在的临近逻辑通道的相对弹性系数估算出按压位置处的相对弹性系数。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的压力检测模块，其特征在于：当同时存在M个压力分别按压位置不同的M个位置时，通过各感应电极反馈的压力和M个位置相对于各感应电极处的相对弹性系数建立方程组，并从方程组中挑选出Q个方程求解出各位置处对应的压力，其中，Q和M均为正整数，且Q≥M。
  13. 一种压力检测设备，其特征在于，包括：
    压力传感器，由至少一个感应电极组成，用于识别由外部施加的至少一个压力引起的形变，并将所述形变转化为相应的由电信号表征的原始特征值，其中，所述原始特征值与所述压力对应；
    至少一个处理器，用于根据各感应电极的原始特征值计算对应感应电极反馈的压力信息；
    存储器，用于存储支持所述处理器正常运行的各项数据。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的压力检测设备，其特征在于：所述压力传感器包括电阻式传感器和/或电容式传感器。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的压力检测设备，其特征在于：所述压力传感器还包括按压面以及检测电路单元，当外部施加的压力作用在所述按压面上时，所述按压面的形变引起了与感应电极间的电阻和/或电容变化，所述检测电路单元用于识别所述电阻和/或电容变化，并将该变化转化为电信号，所述电信号按照一定形式输出为代表相应按压力度的原始特征值。
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