WO2018090370A1 - 低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法 - Google Patents

低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法 Download PDF

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WO2018090370A1
WO2018090370A1 PCT/CN2016/106596 CN2016106596W WO2018090370A1 WO 2018090370 A1 WO2018090370 A1 WO 2018090370A1 CN 2016106596 W CN2016106596 W CN 2016106596W WO 2018090370 A1 WO2018090370 A1 WO 2018090370A1
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spinning
temperature
low
micropores
speed
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PCT/CN2016/106596
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王华平
吉鹏
王朝生
李建武
江振林
陈烨
王知言
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东华大学
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
    • D01F6/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins from polypropylene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/60—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of melt spinning and relates to a high-efficiency melt spinning method for low damping polymers.
  • Polyamide fiber has excellent physical properties unmatched by polyester fiber. For example, polyamide fiber has high breaking strength, abrasion resistance is the crown of textile universal fiber, good hygroscopicity, excellent elastic recovery rate and fatigue resistance, and good dyeability. .
  • polyamide fiber has a wide range of applications in other industries, such as tire cord fabrics, automotive textiles, filter materials, and BCF carpet bulk yarns.
  • Polyolefin fiber is a kind of light fiber with high strength and good wear resistance. This fiber also has strong resistance to sunlight and weather. Polyolefin fibers are highly hydrophobic (recovery rate is only 0.1% in standard temperature and humidity atmospheres), stains can be easily removed, so polyolefin fibers can be used for indoor/outdoor carpets, bathroom and kitchen carpets, and upholstery . Polyolefin fibers can be washed and dry cleaned. At the same time, polyolefin fibers also have excellent resilience performance.
  • polyolefin fiber When the polyolefin fiber is mixed with other fibers, its hydrophobic effect makes it an actual component of sportswear fabrics and other high-performance fabrics. It has excellent "wicking effect” and can be applied to sportswear, gymnastics and underwear. Olefin fibers can also be used as industrial fabrics (eg, filter cloth, bag wrap) and geotextiles. In general, polyolefin fiber is one of the important varieties of chemical fiber.
  • the problems existing in the existing melt spinning technology mainly focus on the limited increase of spinning speed, the improvement of production efficiency is not obvious, the rheological resistance and the air friction resistance in the fiber forming process are large, and the melt spinning production process is in progress. It is easy to cause the appearance of wool, broken ends, etc., and the occurrence of a certain amount of waste silk is caused by the phenomenon of wool and broken ends. As the production capacity of chemical fiber increases, the amount of waste silk in the production process will increase accordingly.
  • the waste silk rate of the whole chemical fiber industry in China is 10kg/t, so there are hundreds of thousands of tons of chemical fiber waste silk per year, resulting in serious waste of resources.
  • the force distribution of the fiber on the spinning process is the core part of the melt spinning technology, which plays a key role in melt forming and quality control. From the perspective of fiber spinning research, when the melt spinning process changes, it will cause a distribution change of the force on the spinning process. Under normal circumstances, the force that the fiber receives on the spinning process is mainly rheological resistance and air friction resistance, and these two forces have a direct influence on the increase of the spinning speed.
  • the negative pressure spinning conditions (0.01-0.001 MPa) are designed in the fiber forming process for the above problems, and the spinning speed of the fiber is increased by reducing the frictional resistance of the air, but the rheological resistance to the melt is affected. Lack of necessary considerations, and rheological resistance is one of the key factors for fiber spinning speed and quality improvement.
  • the structure of the spinneret in the spinning assembly has a direct influence on the flow resistance of the melt, which in turn regulates the fiber forming process.
  • the object of the present invention is to reduce the rheological resistance of the melt at the spinneret by greatly reducing the flow resistance of the melted micropores on the surface of the spinneret by utilizing the mechanism of the rheological resistance and reducing the rheological resistance of the melt at the spinneret.
  • the spinning speed further increases the quality of the polymer fibers.
  • the low-damper spinhole is a low surface surface treated with a silicone treatment liquid
  • the spinning micropores of the spinning, the surface pits of the spinning micropores themselves are filled with the low surface energy material, the surface of the spinning micropores is smooth, the friction coefficient of the spinning melt and the spinning micropores is reduced, and the surface energy of the spinning micropores is En ⁇ 35mJ/cm 2 , surface roughness Ra ⁇ 0.2 ⁇ m, surface static contact angle WCA ⁇ 85°.
  • the silica sol is an alkaline silica sol having a pH of 10.3 ⁇ 0.2, a silica sol having a solid content of 30 to 45 wt%, and an average particle diameter of 30 to 50 nm;
  • the aluminum sol is a basic aluminum sol having a pH of 9.6 ⁇ 0.2, the aluminum sol has a solid content of 20 to 35 wt%, and an average particle diameter of 45 to 65 nm;
  • the solvent is a mixed solvent of alcohol and water, the alcohol is a monohydric alcohol or a glycol; and the volume ratio of the monohydric alcohol to water is 1.25 to 1.60:1, and the volume ratio of the glycol to water is 0.75 to 1.0:1;
  • the monohydric alcohol is ethanol, isopropanol or butanol, and the glycol is ethylene glycol or 1,3-propanediol;
  • the catalyst is one or a mixture of two of formic acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid or nitric acid;
  • the auxiliary agent is a mixture of a leveling agent BYK 310, an antifoaming agent BYK 025 and a surface hardening anti-wear agent T801; wherein the mass ratio of the leveling agent, the defoaming agent and the surface hardening anti-wear agent is 1:1 ⁇ 5: 0.25 to 0.5.
  • the flow rate of the flowing liquid from the spinning micropores of the spinneret is 0.01-10 L/min, the time is 0.5-5 min; the preliminary curing time is 15-20 min.
  • the re-solidification time is 20 to 25 minutes; the final curing time is 5 to 10 minutes; the cooling is performed by natural cooling.
  • the spinneret microholes of the present invention include, but are not limited to, spinnerets or spinneret orifices for melt spinning, wet spinning, electrospinning, etc., which are made of stainless steel.
  • the spinning micropores of the present invention also include the spinning micropores of the spinneret used in the composite spinning.
  • the melt spinning process is that the polymer melt is extruded through the micro-pore of the low-damping nozzle, and then cooled, and then bundling, oiling and winding, specifically
  • the parameters are as follows:
  • Polyester staple fiber spinning temperature is 240 ⁇ 260 ° C, spinning speed is 4000 ⁇ 6000 m / min, stretching temperature is 60 ⁇ 80 ° C, pre-stretching ratio is 1.02 ⁇ 1.10, a draw ratio of 1.50 ⁇ 2.00 , the second draw ratio is 1.05 to 1.10, and then cut, the fine fiber has a fineness of 0.3 to 5.0 dtex, and the length is 38 mm or 51 mm;
  • Polyester POY wire spinning temperature is 270 ⁇ 300 ° C, spinning speed is 6000 ⁇ 8000 m / min, stretching temperature is 60 ⁇ 80 ° C, the total stretching ratio is 1.2 ⁇ 2.5;
  • the POY passes through the first roller, the first hot box, the cooling plate, the PU disc false twister, the second roller, the network nozzle, the second hot box, the third roller and the tanker, and finally After winding and winding, the polymer DTY is prepared; wherein the linear velocity of the first roller is 200-600 m/min, the linear velocity of the second roller is 500-600 m/min, and the linear velocity of the third roller is 300-600 m/min.
  • the winding speed of the winding roller is 400-700 m/min, the draft ratio is 1.1-1.8, and the D/Y ratio of the PU disc type false-twist is 1.2-2.5;
  • Polyester FDY wire spinning speed is 8000 ⁇ 12000m / min, hot roll GR1 speed is 2000 ⁇ 4000m / min, temperature is 80 ⁇ 110 ° C, hot roll GR2 speed is 6000 ⁇ 10000m / min, temperature is 115 ⁇ 135 ° C, the production of polymer FDY filament;
  • Polyamide unoriented yarn spinning temperature is 200-260 ° C, spinning speed is 3000-6000 m / min, cooling air temperature is 20 ⁇ 30 ° C, wind speed is 0.3 ⁇ 1 m / s, relative humidity is 60% - 80%, Obtaining unoriented filaments;
  • Polyamide pre-oriented yarn spinning temperature is 220 ⁇ 260 ° C, spinning speed is 6000 ⁇ 8000 m / min, cooling air temperature is 15 ⁇ 25 ° C, wind speed is 0.3 ⁇ 0.6 m / s, relative humidity is 60% ⁇ 80% , obtaining a pre-oriented yarn;
  • Polyamide full-drawn yarn spinning temperature is 220-260 ° C, the first godet speed is 6000-8000 m/min, the second godet speed is 8000-12000 m/min, and the stretching ratio is 1.1-1.5 times. , the cooling air temperature is 15 to 25 ° C, the wind speed is 0.5 to 1 m / s, the relative humidity is 60% to 90%, and the fully drawn yarn is obtained;
  • Polyamide high-orientation yarn spinning temperature is 220-260 ° C, spinning speed is 10000 ⁇ 14000 m / min, cooling air temperature is 15 ⁇ 20 ° C, wind speed is 0.3 ⁇ 0.5 m / s, relative humidity is 80% - 90% , obtaining a highly oriented filament;
  • Polyolefin fiber the spinneret stretch ratio is 30 to 60 times, the spinning speed is 10,000 to 20,000 m/min, the cooling method is side blowing or ring blowing, the blowing temperature is 30 to 40 ° C, and the blowing temperature is 15 to 25 °C, wind speed is 0.3-0.8m/s, draw ratio is 4-10, first heat roll temperature is 85-90 °C, second heat roll temperature is 100-110 °C, third heat roll temperature is 115-120 °C, the fourth heat roller temperature is 125 to 135 ° C, the fifth heat roller temperature is 135 to 140 ° C, and the winding speed is 15,000 to 20,000 m/min.
  • the high-efficiency melt spinning method of the low-damping polymer of the invention mainly improves the smoothness of the micro-hole of the spinning nozzle and reduces the friction coefficient by lowering the surface energy of the spinning micro-pore surface, and lowers the high temperature during the spinning process.
  • the friction between the high-viscosity melt and the micropores of the spinning wire reduces the tension fluctuation during the spinning process, thereby realizing the high speed and stabilization of the spinning process.
  • the low-surface energy treated spinhole micropores are low-damping spinhole micropores, and the principle of speed increase of polymer melt in low-damping spinneret micropores is as follows:
  • V' V0+V (x) ;
  • V0 is the velocity at which a polymer melt is treated at a point in the micropores without a low surface energy
  • V (x) is the surface of the microporous surface of the polymer melt after treatment with a low surface energy.
  • the rate of slip produced, V' is the velocity at which the polymer melt is at the same point of the spinning micropores after low surface energy treatment
  • the velocity of the polymer melt in the low surface energy treated spinning micropores is increased by V (x) relative to the velocity of the spinning micropores not treated with low surface energy. It shows that the low surface energy treatment of the spinning micropores can significantly increase the flow velocity of the melt.
  • ⁇ is the coefficient of sliding friction and F is the melt pressure
  • the surface energy of the low damping spinning micropores is low, and the surface of the spinning micropores slides with the melt.
  • the minimum stress ⁇ , therefore, the low damping spinhole micropores can reduce the sliding friction force f, thereby reducing the occurrence of yarn breakage due to melt fracture.
  • the velocity gradient of the melt during the flow causes the melt itself to have a shearing action during the flow.
  • the shearing action is greater than the self-polymerization energy of the melt itself, the melt breaks.
  • the faster the melt speed in the conventional ultra-high speed spinning process the more difficult it is to control the spinning straightness.
  • the spinning micropores have a small pore diameter, melt and spray.
  • the microporous substrate has large frictional resistance, so it is easy to cause excessive spinning shearing, and the fiber is broken at the outermost periphery of the fiber during the shearing process. When the fracture area is too large, the fiber is broken when the radial depth of the fiber is too large.
  • the spinning has a filament, so it is prone to breakage during the later stretching process, and the occurrence of the filament phenomenon affects the product quality.
  • the invention adopts low-damping spinning micropores, the shearing force of the melt during the flow process is greatly reduced, and is lower than the self-polymerization energy of the melt itself, thereby avoiding the occurrence of melt fracture phenomenon and ensuring the excellent quality of the fiber. .
  • the low-damping polymer high-efficiency melt spinning method of the present invention is simple in equipment, and only needs to replace the spinneret in the conventional spinning device with the spinneret containing the low-damping spinner micropores in the invention;
  • the spinning micropores in the invention have the characteristics of low surface energy, can improve the smoothness of the spinning micropores and reduce the friction coefficient;
  • the spinning micropores of the present invention are subjected to stepwise surface curing by hydrolysis and condensation of a polysiloxane monomer, thereby ensuring dimensional stability and low surface energy characteristics of the spinning micropores, and also improving curing after curing.
  • the transformation of the siloxane body structure improves the surface hardness and friction resistance of the spinning micropores;
  • the spinneret of the spinning micro-hole of the invention has a cleaning cycle extended to more than 4 times of the original;
  • the low-damping polymer high-efficiency melt spinning method of the invention can significantly increase the spinning speed of the fiber, and the spinning speed of the polyester staple fiber is 4000-6000 m/min (the conventional melt spinning method is 1000-2000 m/min)
  • the polyester POY yarn has a spinning speed of 6000 to 8000 m/min (conventional melt spinning method is 3000 to 4000 m/min), and the polyester FDY filament spinning speed is 8000 to 12000 m/min (the conventional melt spinning method is 4000).
  • the spinning speed of the polyamide unoriented yarn is 3000-6000 m/min (conventional melt spinning method is 1000-1500 m/min), and the polyamide pre-oriented silk spinning speed is 6000-8000 m/min (
  • the conventional melt spinning method is 4000-4500 m/min)
  • the total drawn yarn is 8000-12000 m/min (conventional melt spinning method is 5000-6000 m/min)
  • the high-orientation yarn spinning speed is 10000-14000 m/min (conventional)
  • the melt spinning method is 4500-6000 m/min)
  • the micropore speed of the polyolefin fiber is 10,000-20000 m/min (conventional polyolefin melt spinning speed 1000-2000 m/min), which greatly improves the production efficiency;
  • the invention further improves the quality of the fiber on the basis of increasing the spinning speed of the polymer fiber, and the polymer fiber filament, the breakage rate and the waste silk rate are greatly reduced.
  • a high-efficiency melt spinning method for low-damping polyethylene terephthalate short fibers first preparing a polysiloxane treatment liquid, firstly, 10 parts by weight, a pH value of 10.1, a solid content of 30% by weight, An alkaline silica sol having an average particle diameter of 30 nm and 10 parts of an alkali aluminum sol having a pH of 9.4, a solid content of 20% by weight, and an average particle diameter of 45 nm were mixed, and then 5 parts of formic acid was added as a catalyst to adjust the pH of the system to adjust the pH. The value was maintained at 2, then 10 parts of a mixed solvent of ethanol and water was added.
  • the volume ratio of ethanol to water was 1.25:1, then 30 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane was added, and hydrolysis was carried out at room temperature for 15 minutes, and then The system was placed at 45 ° C for high temperature condensation, and the reaction was maintained for 30 min. After the reaction, 1 part of a mixture of a leveling agent BYK 310, a defoaming agent BYK 025 and a surface hardening antiwear agent T801 was added at a mass ratio of 1:1:0.25. The auxiliary agent is stirred for 5 minutes, and then the system is cooled to room temperature to obtain a polysiloxane treatment liquid;
  • the polysilicon treatment liquid is used to treat the micropores of the spinning to obtain low-damage spinning micropores
  • the spinneret is used as a fixed bed
  • the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used as a flowing liquid
  • the flowing liquid is made at 70 ° C.
  • the flow rate of 0.01 L/min was flowed out from the microporous micropores of the spinneret, then pre-cure at 95 ° C for 15 min, then at 200 ° C for 20 min, and finally at 260 ° C.
  • the low-damping spinhole micropores were obtained after natural cooling.
  • the test showed that the surface energy En of the prepared low-damping spinner micropores was 35 mJ/cm 2 and the surface roughness Ra was 0.2 ⁇ m.
  • the angle WCA is 85°;
  • polyethylene terephthalate melt is extruded through a low-damping spinneret, cooled, and then bundled, oiled, and wound.
  • process parameters are as follows:
  • Polyethylene terephthalate short fiber spinning process spinning temperature is 240 ° C, spinning speed is 4000 m / min, stretching temperature is 60 ° C, pre-stretching magnification is 1.02, a stretching ratio is 1.50 The second draw ratio was 1.05, and then cut, the fine fiber had a fineness of 0.3 dtex and a length of 38 mm.
  • the polyethylene terephthalate short fiber had an AA% of 98% and a waste silk rate of 1 kg/t.
  • a method for melt spinning a polyethylene terephthalate short fiber which comprises extruding a polyethylene terephthalate melt through a common circular hole type spinning micropore, cooling, and then performing bundling, Oiling and winding, the specific process parameters are as follows:
  • Polyethylene terephthalate short fiber spinning process spinning temperature is 240 ° C, spinning speed is 1000 m / min, stretching temperature is 60 ° C, pre-stretching magnification is 1.02, and a stretching ratio is 1.50 The second draw ratio was 1.05, and then cut, the fine fiber had a fineness of 0.3 dtex and a length of 38 mm.
  • the polyethylene terephthalate staple fiber had an AA% of 92% and a waste silk rate of 8 kg/t.
  • a high-efficiency melt spinning method for low-damping polyethylene terephthalate short fibers first preparing a polysiloxane treatment liquid, firstly, 20 parts by weight, a pH value of 10.5, a solid content of 45 wt%, An alkaline silica sol having an average particle diameter of 50 nm and 20 parts of an alkali aluminum sol having a pH of 9.8, a solid content of 35 wt%, and an average particle diameter of 65 nm were mixed, and then 8 parts of acetic acid was added as a catalyst to adjust the pH of the system to adjust the pH. The value was maintained at 4.5, and then 20 parts of a mixed solvent of isopropyl alcohol and water was added.
  • the volume ratio of isopropyl alcohol to water was 1.42:1, and then 40 parts of methyltriethoxysilane was further added, followed by hydrolysis at normal temperature. 20min, then the system was placed at 80 ° C for high temperature condensation, the reaction was maintained for 75 min, and after the reaction was completed, 3 parts of a leveling agent BYK 310 with a mass ratio of 1:5:0.5, defoaming agent BYK 025 and surface hardening resistance were added. Grinding agent T801 mixture additive, after stirring for 10 min, the system is cooled to room temperature to obtain a polysiloxane treatment liquid;
  • the polysilicon treatment liquid is used to treat the micropores of the spinning to obtain low-damage spinning micropores
  • the spinneret is used as a fixed bed
  • the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used as a flowing liquid
  • the flowing liquid is made at 85 ° C.
  • the flow was discharged from the triangular spinning micropores of the spinneret at a flow rate of 10 L/min, and then preliminary curing was carried out at 120 ° C for 20 min, then at 230 ° C for 25 min, and finally at 280 ° C for 10 min.
  • the low-damping spinhole micropores were obtained after natural cooling.
  • the test showed that the surface energy En of the prepared low-damping spinner micropores was 34 mJ/cm 2 , the surface roughness Ra was 0.15 ⁇ m, and the surface static contact angle WCA was 86°;
  • polyethylene terephthalate melt is extruded through a low-damping spinneret, cooled, and then bundled, oiled, and wound.
  • process parameters are as follows:
  • Polyethylene terephthalate short fiber spinning process spinning temperature is 250 ° C, spinning speed is 5000 m / min, stretching temperature is 70 ° C, pre-stretching magnification is 1.06, and a stretching ratio is 1.80 The second draw ratio was 1.07, and then cut, the fine fiber had a fineness of 2.5 dtex and a length of 38 mm.
  • the polyethylene terephthalate short fiber had an AA% of 99% and a waste silk rate of 0.4 kg/t.
  • a method for melt-spinning polyethylene terephthalate short fiber which comprises extruding a polyethylene terephthalate melt through a common triangular spinning micropore, cooling, and then bundling and uppering Oil and winding, the specific process parameters are as follows:
  • Polyethylene terephthalate short fiber spinning process spinning temperature is 250 ° C, spinning speed is 1200 m / min, stretching temperature is 70 ° C, pre-stretching magnification is 1.06, and a stretching ratio is 1.80 The second draw ratio was 1.07, and then cut, the fine fiber had a fineness of 2.5 dtex and a length of 38 mm.
  • the polyethylene terephthalate short fiber had an AA% of 90% and a waste silk rate of 12 kg/t.
  • a low-damping polytrimethylene terephthalate short fiber high-efficiency melt spinning method first preparing a polysiloxane treatment liquid, firstly, by weight, 15 parts of a pH value of 10.3, a solid content of 35 wt%, an average particle An alkaline silica sol having a diameter of 40 nm and 15 parts of an alkali aluminum sol having a pH of 9.6, a solid content of 30% by weight, and an average particle diameter of 50 nm are mixed, and then 6 parts of hydrochloric acid is added as a catalyst to adjust the pH of the system to maintain the pH.
  • the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used to treat the micropores of the spinning to obtain the micro-pollution micro-pore, the spinneret is used as a fixed bed, and the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used as a flowing liquid, and the flowing liquid is made at 80 ° C.
  • the flow was carried out from the trilobal spinning micropores of the spinneret at a flow rate of 5 L/min, and then preliminary curing was carried out at 100 ° C for 18 min, then at 210 ° C for another for 22 min, and finally at 270 ° C for 8 min.
  • the low-damping nozzle micropores were obtained.
  • the test showed that the surface energy En of the prepared low-damping spinhole micropores was 32 mJ/cm 2 , the surface roughness Ra was 0.1 ⁇ m, and the surface static contact angle WCA 88°;
  • polytrimethylene terephthalate melt is extruded through a low-damping spinneret, cooled, and then bundled, oiled, and wound.
  • process parameters are as follows:
  • Polytrimethylene terephthalate short fiber spinning process spinning temperature is 260 ° C, spinning speed is 6000 m / min, stretching temperature is 80 ° C, pre-stretching ratio is 1.10, and a stretching ratio is 2.00, two The draw ratio of the track was 1.10, and then the staple fiber had a fineness of 5.0 dtex and a length of 51 mm.
  • the polytrimethylene terephthalate short fiber had an AA% of 99% and a waste silk rate of 0.5 kg/t.
  • a low-damping polytrimethylene terephthalate POY filament high-efficiency melt spinning method first preparing a polysiloxane treatment liquid, firstly, by weight, 18 parts of a pH value of 10.3, a solid content of 40% by weight, an average particle An alkaline silica sol having a diameter of 45 nm and 18 parts of an alkaline aluminum sol having a pH of 9.6, a solid content of 30% by weight, and an average particle diameter of 60 nm are mixed, and then 7 parts of phosphoric acid is added as a catalyst to adjust the pH of the system to maintain the pH.
  • the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used to treat the micropores of the spinning to obtain the micro-pollution micro-pore, the spinneret is used as a fixed bed, and the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used as a flowing liquid, and the flowing liquid is made at 80 ° C.
  • the flow rate of 8 L/min was flowed out from the trilobal spun micropores of the spinneret, and then preliminary curing was carried out at 110 ° C for 18 min, then at 220 ° C for 24 min, and finally at 270 ° C for 8 min.
  • the low-damping spinhole micropores were obtained after natural cooling.
  • the test showed that the surface energy En of the prepared low-damping spinneret micropores was 34 mJ/cm 2 , the surface roughness Ra was 0.2 ⁇ m, and the surface static contact angle was WCA. 88°;
  • polytrimethylene terephthalate melt is extruded through a low-damping spinneret, cooled, and then bundled, oiled, and wound.
  • process parameters are as follows:
  • Polytrimethylene terephthalate POY silk spinning process spinning temperature is 270 ° C, spinning speed is 6000 m / min, stretching temperature is 60 ° C, and total stretching ratio is 1.2.
  • the polypropylene terephthalate POY yarn had an AA% of 99% and a waste silk rate of 0.8 kg/t.
  • a low-damping polybutylene terephthalate POY filament high-efficiency melt spinning method first preparing a polysiloxane treatment liquid, firstly, by weight, 10 parts of a pH value of 10.1, a solid content of 30% by weight, An alkaline silica sol having an average particle diameter of 30 nm and 10 parts of an alkali aluminum sol having a pH of 9.4, a solid content of 20% by weight, and an average particle diameter of 45 nm are mixed, and then 5 parts of nitric acid is added as a catalyst to adjust the pH of the system to adjust the pH.
  • the value is maintained at 2, then 10 parts of a mixed solvent of 1,3-propanediol and water is added, the volume ratio of 1,3-propanediol to water is 1.0:1, and then 30 parts of phenyltriethoxysilane is added, and then Hydrolysis was carried out at room temperature for 15 min, then the system was placed at 45 ° C for high temperature condensation, and the reaction was maintained for 30 min. After the reaction, 1 part of a flow ratio agent of BYK 310, defoaming agent BYK 025 and a mass ratio of 1:1:0.25 were added. The surface hardening anti-wear agent T801 mixture additive, after stirring for 5 min, the system is cooled to room temperature to obtain a polysiloxane treatment liquid;
  • the polysilicon treatment liquid is used to treat the micropores of the spinning to obtain low-damage spinning micropores
  • the spinneret is used as a fixed bed
  • the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used as a flowing liquid
  • the flowing liquid is made at 70 ° C.
  • the low-damping spinhole micropores were obtained after natural cooling.
  • the test showed that the surface energy En of the prepared low-damping spinner micropores was 32 mJ/cm 2 , the surface roughness Ra was 0.2 ⁇ m, and the surface static contact angle was obtained.
  • WCA is 85°;
  • polybutylene terephthalate melt is extruded through a low-damping spinneret, cooled, and then bundled, oiled, and wound.
  • the specific process parameters are as follows:
  • Polybutylene terephthalate POY silk spinning process spinning temperature is 285 ° C, spinning speed is 7000 m / min, stretching temperature is 70 ° C, and total stretching ratio is 1.8.
  • the polybutylene terephthalate POY yarn had an AA% of 98% and a waste silk rate of 1 kg/t.
  • a low-damping polybutylene terephthalate POY filament high-efficiency melt spinning method first preparing a polysiloxane treatment liquid, firstly, by weight, 15 parts of a pH value of 10.3, a solid content of 40% by weight, An alkaline silica sol having an average particle diameter of 40 nm and 15 parts of an alkali aluminum sol having a pH of 9.6, a solid content of 30% by weight, and an average particle diameter of 60 nm were mixed, and then a mixture of 6 parts of formic acid and acetic acid was added as a catalyst to adjust the pH of the system.
  • the value is maintained at a pH of 3, the mass ratio of formic acid to acetic acid is 1:1, then 15 parts of a mixed solvent of ethanol and water is added, the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 1.25:1, and then 35 parts of methyl topaz are added.
  • a mixture of oxysilane and methyltriethoxysilane, the corresponding volume ratio is 1:1, and then hydrolyzed at room temperature for 18 minutes, and then the system is placed at 70 ° C for high temperature condensation, the reaction is maintained for 60 min, after the reaction is over Add 2 parts of mixture agent BYK 310 with a mass ratio of 1:5:0.5, defoamer BYK 025 and surface hardening anti-wear agent T801. After stirring for 8 minutes, the system is cooled to room temperature to obtain poly. Silicone treatment solution;
  • the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used to treat the micropores of the spinning to obtain the micro-pollution micro-pore, the spinneret is used as a fixed bed, and the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used as a flowing liquid, and the flowing liquid is made at 80 ° C.
  • the flow was discharged from the flat-type spinning micropores of the spinneret at a flow rate of 8 L/min, and then preliminary curing was carried out at 100 ° C for 18 min, then at 220 ° C for 24 min, and finally at 270 ° C for 8 min.
  • polybutylene terephthalate melt is extruded through a low-damping spinneret, cooled, and then bundled, oiled, and wound.
  • the specific process parameters are as follows:
  • Polybutylene terephthalate POY silk spinning process spinning temperature is 300 ° C, spinning speed is 8000 m / min, The stretching temperature was 80 ° C and the total stretching ratio was 2.5.
  • the AA% of the polybutylene terephthalate POY yarn was 100%, and the waste silk rate was 0.5 kg/t.
  • a high-efficiency melt spinning method of a low-damping polyethylene terephthalate and polytrimethylene terephthalate copolymer DTY filament first preparing a polysiloxane treatment liquid, firstly by weight, 10 a basic silica sol having a pH of 10.1, a solid content of 30% by weight, an average particle diameter of 30 nm, and 10 parts of an alkali aluminum sol having a pH of 9.4, a solid content of 20% by weight, and an average particle diameter of 45 nm, and then added 5 parts of a mixture of hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid, used as a catalyst to adjust the pH of the system to maintain the pH at 2, the mass ratio of hydrochloric acid to phosphoric acid is 1:2, then add 10 parts of a mixed solvent of isopropanol and water, isopropanol and The volume ratio of water is 1.42:1, and then a mixture of 30 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane and trimethyl
  • the polysilicon treatment liquid is used to treat the micropores of the spinning to obtain low-damage spinning micropores
  • the spinneret is used as a fixed bed
  • the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used as a flowing liquid
  • the flowing liquid is made at 70 ° C.
  • the flow rate of 0.01 L/min was flowed out from the micro-spinning micropores of the spinneret, then pre-cure at 95 ° C for 15 min, then at 200 ° C for 20 min, and finally at 260 ° C for final curing.
  • the low-damping spinhole micropores were obtained after natural cooling.
  • the test showed that the surface energy En of the prepared low-damping spinner micropores was 34.8 mJ/cm 2 and the surface roughness Ra was 0.19 ⁇ m.
  • the angle WCA is 85°;
  • Copolymer DTY spinning process of polyethylene terephthalate and polytrimethylene terephthalate spinning temperature is 270 ° C, spinning speed is 6500 m / min, stretching temperature is 60 ° C, total Under the condition of a draw ratio of 1.2, a copolymerized POY yarn of polyethylene terephthalate and polytrimethylene terephthalate was prepared, and the POY filaments were equilibrated for 8 hours, respectively, through the first roller, the first The hot box, the cooling plate, the PU disc type false twister, the second roller, the network nozzle, the second hot box, the third roller and the oil tanker are finally formed by winding a roller to form polyethylene terephthalate.
  • a copolymer DTY yarn of an ester and polytrimethylene terephthalate wherein the first roller has a linear velocity of 200 m/min, the second roller has a linear velocity of 500 m/min, and the third roller has a linear velocity of 300 m/min, and the winding roller
  • the line speed is 400 m/min, the draft ratio is 1.1, and the PU disc type false twist D/Y ratio is 1.2.
  • the copolymer ATY of the polyethylene terephthalate and polytrimethylene terephthalate had an AA% of 98% and a waste silk rate of 0.6 kg/t.
  • a high-efficiency melt spinning method of a low-damage polytrimethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate copolymer DTY filament first preparing a polysiloxane treatment liquid, firstly by weight, 20 a basic silica sol having a pH of 10.5, a solid content of 45 wt%, an average particle diameter of 50 nm, and 20 parts of an alkaline aluminum sol having a pH of 9.8, a solid content of 35 wt%, and an average particle diameter of 65 nm, and then added
  • a mixture of 8 parts of phosphoric acid and nitric acid is used as a catalyst to adjust the pH of the system to maintain the pH at 4.5, the mass ratio of phosphoric acid to nitric acid is 2:1, and then 20 parts of a mixed solvent of 1,3-propanediol and water is added, 1,3 The volume ratio of propylene glycol to water is 1.0:1, and then a mixture of 38 parts of methyltrimethoxysilane
  • the polysilicon treatment liquid is used to treat the micropores of the spinning to obtain low-damage spinning micropores
  • the spinneret is used as a fixed bed
  • the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used as a flowing liquid
  • the flowing liquid is made at 85 ° C.
  • the flow was discharged from the spinneret at a flow rate of 10 L/min, then preliminarily cured at 120 ° C for 20 min, then re-cured at 230 ° C for 25 min, and finally cured at 280 ° C for 10 min. After the natural cooling, the low-damping nozzle micropores were obtained.
  • the test showed that the surface energy En of the prepared micro-pores of the low-damage spinning micropores was 35 mJ/cm 2 , the surface roughness Ra was 0.18 ⁇ m, and the surface static contact angle was WCA. Is 86°;
  • Copolymer DTY filament spinning process of polytrimethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate spinning temperature is 285 ° C, spinning speed is 6800 m / min, stretching temperature is 70 ° C, A total polymer POY yarn of polytrimethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate was prepared under the condition of a total draw ratio of 1.8.
  • the AA% of the copolymer DTY filament of polytrimethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate was 100%, and the waste silk rate was 0.4 kg/t.
  • High-efficiency melt spinning method of low-damping polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate copolymer DTY filament first preparing polysiloxane treatment
  • the liquid firstly comprises 20 parts by weight of an alkaline silica sol having a pH of 10.5, a solid content of 45 wt%, an average particle diameter of 50 nm, 20 parts of a pH of 9.8, a solid content of 35 wt%, and an average particle diameter of
  • the 65 nm alkaline aluminum sol was mixed, and then 8 parts of acetic acid was added as a catalyst to adjust the pH of the system to maintain the pH at 4.5, and then 20 parts of a mixed solvent of isopropyl alcohol and water was added.
  • the volume ratio of isopropanol to water was 1.42. :1, then add 40 parts of methyltriethoxysilane, and then hydrolyze at room temperature for 20 min, then put the system into 80 ° C for high temperature condensation, the reaction is maintained for 75 min, and then add 3 parts by mass after the reaction is completed.
  • the polysilicon treatment liquid is used to treat the micropores of the spinning to obtain low-damage spinning micropores
  • the spinneret is used as a fixed bed
  • the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used as a flowing liquid
  • the flowing liquid is made at 85 ° C.
  • the flow rate of 10 L/min was flowed out from the 8-shaped spinneret micropores of the spinneret, then preliminarily cured at 120 ° C for 20 min, then re-cured at 230 ° C for 25 min, and finally cured at 280 ° C for 10 min.
  • the low-damping spinhole micropores were obtained.
  • the test showed that the surface energy En of the prepared low-damping spinhole micropores was 34 mJ/cm 2 , the surface roughness Ra was 0.15 ⁇ m, and the surface static contact angle was WCA. Is 86°;
  • Copolymer DTY spinning process of polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate spinning temperature is 300 ° C, spinning speed is 7500 m / Copolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate at a stretching temperature of 80 ° C and a total draw ratio of 2.5 POY wire, POY wire after 8 hours of balance, respectively through the first roller, the first hot box, the cooling plate, the PU disc false twister, the second roller, the network nozzle, the second hot box, the third roller and the tanker Finally, it is wound and wound to form polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate.
  • Ester copolymer DTY yarn wherein the first roller has a linear velocity of 600 m/min, the second roller has a linear velocity of 600 m/min, the third roller has a linear velocity of 600 m/min, and the winding roller has a linear velocity of 700 m/min.
  • the draw ratio is 1.8, and the PU disc type false twist D/Y ratio is 2.5.
  • the copolymerized DTY yarn of polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate had an AA% of 99% and a waste silk rate of 0.6 kg/t.
  • a low-damping polyethylene terephthalate FDY filament high-efficiency melt spinning method first preparing a polysiloxane treatment liquid, firstly, by weight, 15 parts of a pH value of 10.3, a solid content of 35 wt%, An alkaline silica sol having an average particle diameter of 40 nm and 15 parts of an alkali aluminum sol having a pH of 9.6, a solid content of 30% by weight, and an average particle diameter of 50 nm are mixed, and then 6 parts of hydrochloric acid is added as a catalyst to adjust the pH of the system to adjust the pH. The value was maintained at 3, and then 15 parts of a mixed solvent of butanol and water was added.
  • the volume ratio of butanol to water was 1.60:1, and then 35 parts of ethyltriethoxysilane was further added, followed by hydrolysis at room temperature for 18 minutes. Then, the system was placed at 50 ° C for high temperature condensation, and the reaction was maintained for 40 min. After the reaction, 2 parts of a leveling agent BYK 310, a defoaming agent BYK 025 and a surface hardening anti-wear agent were added in a mass ratio of 1:1:0.25. The mixture aid of T801 is stirred for 8 minutes, and then the system is cooled to room temperature to obtain a polysiloxane treatment liquid;
  • the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used to treat the micropores of the spinning to obtain the micro-pollution micro-pore, the spinneret is used as a fixed bed, and the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used as a flowing liquid, and the flowing liquid is made at 80 ° C.
  • the flow rate of 5 L/min was flowed out from the Y-shaped orifice of the spinneret, and then preliminary curing was carried out at 100 ° C for 18 min, then at 210 ° C for another 22 min, and finally at 270 ° C for 8 min.
  • the low-damping spinhole micropores were obtained after natural cooling.
  • the test showed that the surface energy En of the prepared low-damping spinner micropores was 32 mJ/cm 2 , the surface roughness Ra was 0.1 ⁇ m, and the surface static contact angle WCA was 88°;
  • polyethylene terephthalate melt is extruded through a low-damping spinneret, cooled, and then bundled, oiled, and wound.
  • process parameters are as follows:
  • Polyethylene terephthalate FDY silk spinning process spinning speed is 8000m/min, hot roll GR1 speed is 2000m/min, temperature is 80°C, hot roll GR2 speed is 6000m/min, temperature is 115 ° C.
  • the polyethylene terephthalate FDY yarn had an AA% of 98% and a waste silk rate of 0.7 kg/t.
  • a low-damping polyethylene terephthalate FDY filament high-efficiency melt spinning method first preparing a polysiloxane treatment liquid, firstly, by weight, 15 parts of a pH value of 10.3, a solid content of 40% by weight, An alkaline silica sol having an average particle diameter of 40 nm and 15 parts of an alkali aluminum sol having a pH of 9.6, a solid content of 30% by weight, and an average particle diameter of 60 nm were mixed, and then a mixture of 6 parts of formic acid and acetic acid was added as a catalyst to adjust the pH of the system.
  • the value is maintained at a pH of 3, the mass ratio of formic acid to acetic acid is 1:1, then 15 parts of a mixed solvent of ethanol and water is added, the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 1.25:1, and then 35 parts of methyl topaz are added.
  • a mixture of oxysilane and methyltriethoxysilane, the corresponding volume ratio is 1:1, and then hydrolyzed at room temperature for 18 minutes, and then the system is placed at 70 ° C for high temperature condensation, the reaction is maintained for 60 min, after the reaction is over Add 2 parts of mixture agent BYK 310 with a mass ratio of 1:5:0.5, defoamer BYK 025 and surface hardening anti-wear agent T801. After stirring for 8 minutes, the system is cooled to room temperature to obtain poly. Silicone treatment solution;
  • the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used to treat the micropores of the spinning to obtain the micro-pollution micro-pore, the spinneret is used as a fixed bed, and the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used as a flowing liquid, and the flowing liquid is made at 80 ° C.
  • the flow was discharged from the H-shaped orifice of the spinneret at a flow rate of 8 L/min, and then preliminary curing was carried out at 100 ° C for 18 min, then at 220 ° C for 24 min, and finally at 270 ° C for 8 min.
  • the low-damping spinhole micropores were obtained after natural cooling.
  • the test showed that the surface energy En of the prepared low-damping spinhole micropores was 33 mJ/cm 2 , the surface roughness Ra was 0.2 ⁇ m, and the surface static contact angle WCA was 87°;
  • polyethylene terephthalate melt is extruded through a low-damping spinneret, cooled, and then bundled, oiled, and wound.
  • process parameters are as follows:
  • Polyethylene terephthalate FDY silk spinning process spinning speed is 10000m/min, speed of hot roll GR1 It is 3000 m/min, the temperature is 95 ° C, the speed of the hot roll GR2 is 8000 m/min, and the temperature is 125 °C.
  • the AA% of the polyethylene terephthalate FDY yarn was 98%, and the waste silk rate was 0.8 kg/t.
  • a low-damping polytrimethylene terephthalate FDY filament high-efficiency melt spinning method first preparing a polysiloxane treatment liquid, firstly, by weight, 10 parts of a pH value of 10.1, a solid content of 30% by weight, an average particle An alkaline silica sol having a diameter of 30 nm and 10 parts of an alkali aluminum sol having a pH of 9.4, a solid content of 20% by weight, and an average particle diameter of 45 nm are mixed, and then a mixture of 5 parts of hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid is added as a catalyst to adjust the pH of the system.
  • the mass ratio of hydrochloric acid to phosphoric acid is 1:2, then adding 10 parts of a mixed solvent of isopropanol and water, the volume ratio of isopropanol to water is 1.42:1, and then adding 30 parts.
  • the polysilicon treatment liquid is used to treat the micropores of the spinning to obtain low-damage spinning micropores
  • the spinneret is used as a fixed bed
  • the polysiloxane treatment liquid is used as a flowing liquid
  • the flowing liquid is made at 70 ° C.
  • the H-type spinneret micropores of the spinneret flowed out at a flow rate of 0.01 L/min in 0.5 min, then pre-cure at 95 ° C for 15 min, then at 200 ° C for 20 min, and finally at 260 ° C for final cure. After 5 min, the low-damping spinhole micropores were obtained after natural cooling.
  • the test showed that the surface energy En of the prepared low-damping spinner micropores was 34.8 mJ/cm 2 and the surface roughness Ra was 0.19 ⁇ m.
  • the angle WCA is 85°;
  • polytrimethylene terephthalate melt is extruded through a low-damping spinneret, cooled, and then bundled, oiled, and wound.
  • process parameters are as follows:
  • Polytrimethylene terephthalate FDY silk spinning process spinning speed is 12000m/min, hot roll GR1 speed is 4000m/min, temperature is 110°C, hot roll GR2 speed is 10000m/min, temperature is 135°C .
  • the polypropylene terephthalate FDY yarn had an AA% of 99% and a waste silk rate of 1 kg/t.
  • a high-efficiency melt spinning method for low-damping polymer fibers first preparing low-damper spinning micropores, and then extruding the polymer melt through low-damper spinning micropores, cooling, then bundling, oiling, and Winding, the specific process parameters are shown in the table below.
  • a low-damping nylon 1010 full-stretched wire high-efficiency melt spinning method first preparing a low-damper spinning micropore, the specific preparation steps are the same as in the embodiment 7; then, the nylon 1010 melt is extruded through a low-damping spinner micropore , cooling, and then bundling, oiling and winding, the specific process parameters are as follows:
  • Full stretch yarn process spinning temperature is 220 ° C, first godet speed is 6000 m / min, second godet speed is 8000 m / min, draw ratio is 1.1 times, cooling air temperature is 15 ° C, wind speed 0.5 m/s, relative humidity of 60%, to obtain a fully drawn yarn.
  • a low-damping nylon 1010 full-stretched wire high-efficiency melt spinning method first preparing a low-damper spinning micropore, the specific preparation steps are the same as in the embodiment 8; then, the nylon 1010 melt is extruded through a low-damping spinner micropore , cooling, and then bundling, oiling and winding, the specific process parameters are as follows:
  • Full stretch yarn process spinning temperature is 240 ° C, the first godet speed is 7000 m / min, the second godet speed is 10000 m / min, the draw ratio is 1.3 times, the cooling air temperature is 20 ° C, wind speed 0.8 m/s, relative humidity of 75%, to obtain a fully drawn yarn.
  • a low-damping nylon 6 and nylon 66 copolymer full-stretch yarn high-efficiency melt spinning method first preparing low-damping spinhole micropores, the specific preparation steps are the same as in Example 9; then, the copolymer of nylon 6 and nylon 66 (The molar ratio of nylon 6 to nylon 66 is 1:1) The melt is extruded through the micro-pore of the low-damping nozzle, cooled, and then bundled, oiled and wound.
  • the specific process parameters are as follows:
  • Full stretch yarn process spinning temperature is 260 ° C, first godet speed is 8000 m / min, second godet speed is 12000 m / min, draw ratio is 1.5 times, cooling air temperature is 25 ° C, wind speed 1 m/s, relative humidity of 90%, to obtain a fully drawn yarn.
  • a high-efficiency melt spinning method for copolymer of low-damping nylon 11 and nylon 12 first preparing low-damping spinhole micropores, the specific preparation steps are the same as in Example 10; then, a copolymer of nylon 11 and nylon 12 ( The molar ratio of nylon 11 to nylon 12 is 1:2). After the melt is extruded through the micro-pore of the low-damping nozzle, it is cooled, and then bundled, oiled and wound.
  • the specific process parameters are as follows:
  • Highly oriented yarn process spinning temperature is 220 ° C, spinning speed is 10000 m / min, cooling air temperature is 15 ° C, wind speed is 0.3 m / s, relative humidity is 80%, and high oriented yarn is obtained.
  • a low-damping nylon 612 and nylon 1010 copolymer high-orientation filament high-efficiency melt spinning method first preparing low-damping spinhole micropores, the specific preparation steps are the same as in Example 11; then, a copolymer of nylon 612 and nylon 1010 ( The molar ratio of nylon 612 to nylon 1010 is 2:1). After the melt is extruded through the micro-pore of the low-damping nozzle, it is cooled, and then bundling, oiling and winding.
  • the specific process parameters are as follows:
  • Highly oriented yarn process spinning temperature is 240 ° C, spinning speed is 12000 m / min, cooling air temperature is 18 ° C, wind speed is 0.4 m / s, relative humidity is 85%, and high oriented yarn is obtained.
  • a method for high-efficiency melt spinning of a copolymer of low-damping nylon 11, nylon 12 and nylon 610 first preparing a low-damping spinhole, the specific preparation steps are the same as in the embodiment 12; then, nylon 11, nylon 12 and The copolymer of nylon 610 (nylon 11, nylon 12 and nylon 610 has a molar ratio of 1:1:1), the melt is extruded through a low-damping spinneret, cooled, and then bundled, oiled, and wound.
  • the specific process parameters are as follows:
  • High-orientation yarn process spinning temperature is 260 ° C, spinning speed is 14000 m / min, cooling air temperature is 20 ° C, wind speed is 0.5 m / s, relative humidity is 90%, and highly oriented yarn is obtained.
  • a high-efficiency melt spinning method for low-damping polymer fibers first preparing low-damper spinning micropores, and then extruding the polymer melt through low-damper spinning micropores, cooling, then bundling, oiling, and Winding, wherein the polymer melt spinning spinneret draw ratio and spinning speed are constant; the polymer melt spinning process uses a certain cooling method under certain blowing temperature, supply air temperature and wind speed Cooling; the melt-spun formed polymer fibers are drawn and heat set by a certain draw ratio, and the temperatures of the first heat roller, the second heat roller, the third heat roller, the fourth heat roller, and the fifth heat roller are not Similarly, the polymer fibers after heat setting are wound at a certain winding speed.

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Abstract

一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，将聚合物熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔进行熔融纺丝，低阻尼喷丝微孔表面能En≤35mJ/cm 2，表面粗糙度Ra≤0.2μm，表面静态接触角WCA≥85°，低阻尼喷丝微孔是通过以喷丝板为固定床，以聚硅氧烷处理液为流动液，在70～85℃条件下，使流动液从喷丝板的喷丝微孔流出，然后在95～120℃条件下进行初步固化，再在200～230℃进行再次固化，最后在260～280℃进行终固化，冷却后得到的。

Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]　低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法 技术领域
本发明属于熔融纺丝领域，涉及一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法。
背景技术
中国是化纤大国，化纤是纺织领域重要的原材料。从化纤的产量来说，2014年中国化纤产能达到4390万吨，其中聚酯纤维占到了化纤总产量的70％以上。2013年我国聚酰胺纤维产量为211.28万吨，同比增长12.44％，产量约占合成纤维总产量的6.3％。聚酰胺纤维具有聚酯纤维无法比拟的优良物理性能，如聚酰胺纤维的断裂强度较高，耐磨性居纺织通用纤维之冠，吸湿性好，弹性回复率和耐疲劳性能优良，染色性好。聚酰胺纤维除了服装业用和装饰用外，在其他产业中也有广阔的应用，如其在轮胎帘子布、汽车用纺织品、过滤材料、BCF地毯膨体纱上都开发了新产品。聚烯烃纤维是一种轻型纤维，其强度很高，耐磨性能良好，这种纤维还具有较强的抗阳光和耐气候能力。聚烯烃纤维具有强疏水性(在标准温湿度大气环境下回潮率仅为0.1％)，污渍可以容易的抹去，因此聚烯烃纤维能用于室内/室外地毯、浴室和厨房地毯以及室内装饰品。聚烯烃纤维可以水洗和干洗。同时聚烯烃纤维还具有优异的回弹性能。聚烯烃纤维与其他纤维混合时，其疏水性作用使其能作为运动服面料和其他高性能用织物的实际组成部分，具有较优异的“芯吸作用”，可以应用于运动服、体操装及内衣。烯烃纤维还可以用作为工业用织物(如：过滤布、袋包装布)和土工布。总体来说，聚烯烃纤维是化纤重要的品种之一。
目前化纤转型升级中以生产高效节能及纤维品质提升为主要发展趋势，熔融纺丝技术的提升对于化纤领域的转型升级具有重大的促进作用。
现有的熔融纺丝技术在应用过程中存在的问题主要集中在纺丝速度提升有限，生产效率提升不明显，纤维成形过程中流变阻力与空气摩擦阻力较大，熔融纺丝生产加工过程中，容易导致毛丝、断头等出现，毛丝、断头等现象的出现导致一定数量废丝的产生，随着化纤产能的增加，生产过程中的废丝料量也会相应增加。我国化纤全行业的废丝率水平为10kg/t，因此每年有几十万吨的化纤废丝的产生，造成严重的资源浪费。
针对以上存在的问题，需要对熔融纺丝技术进行优化，提升熔融纺丝速度、降低能耗的同时进一步提升纤维品质。其中在熔体纺丝过程中，纺程上纤维的受力分布是熔融纺丝技术的核心部分，对于熔体成型及品质调控起到关键的作用。从纤维纺程研究角度出发，当熔融纺丝工艺发生变化时，会引起纺程上力的分布变化。一般情况下，纤维在纺程上受到的力以流变阻力、空气摩擦阻力为主，这两种力对纺速的提升具有直接的影响。中国专利CN 102206879A中针对以上的问题在纤维成形过程中设计负压纺丝条件(0.01～0.001MPa)，通过降低空气摩擦阻力的方式提升纤维的纺速，但是对于熔体所受的流变阻力缺乏必要考虑，而流变阻力对于纤维纺速与品质的提升是关键因素之一。纺丝组件中喷丝板的结构对熔体所受流变阻力具有直接影响，进而调控纤维成型过程。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足，利用流变阻力的机理，通过对喷丝板表面喷丝微孔进行低表面能处理，降低熔体在喷丝板处的流变阻力，大大提升纺速同时进一步提高聚合物纤维品质。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，将聚合物熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔进行熔融纺丝；所述低阻尼喷丝微孔是经过聚硅氧烷处理液表面处理的低表面能的喷丝微孔，喷丝微孔本身的表面凹坑被低表面能材料填充，喷丝微孔表面光滑，纺丝熔体与喷丝微孔摩擦系数降低，喷丝微孔表面能En≤35mJ/cm2，表面粗糙度Ra≤0.2μm，表面静态接触角WCA≥85°。
作为优选的技术方案：
如上所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，所述低阻尼喷丝微孔的制备方法为：以喷丝板为固定床，以聚硅氧烷处理液为流动液，在70～85℃条件下，使流动液从喷丝板的喷丝微孔流出，然后在95～120℃条件下进行初步固化，再在200～230℃进行再次固化，最后在260～280℃进行终固化，冷却后得到低阻尼喷丝微孔。
如上所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，所述聚硅氧烷处理液按重量份计，各组分为：
Figure PCTCN2016106596-appb-000001
如上所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，所述聚硅氧烷处理液的制备方法为按比例加入硅溶胶和铝溶胶，然后用催化剂调节pH值，使体系的pH值维持在2～4.5，然后再加入溶剂和硅氧烷，再在常温下进行水解15～20min，然后再把体系放入45～80℃进行高温缩合，反应维持30～75min，反应结束后再加入助剂，进行搅拌5～10min后，待体系冷却到室温，得到所需的聚硅氧烷处理液。
如上所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，所述硅氧烷为甲基三甲氧基硅烷、甲基三乙氧基硅烷、乙基三乙氧基硅烷、三甲基氯硅烷和苯基三乙氧基硅烷中的一种以上；
所述硅溶胶为碱性硅溶胶，其pH值为10.3±0.2，硅溶胶的固含量为30～45wt％，平均粒径为30～50nm；
所述铝溶胶为碱性铝溶胶，其pH值为9.6±0.2，铝溶胶的固含量为20～35wt％，平均粒径为45～65nm；
所述溶剂为醇与水的混合溶剂，醇为一元醇或者二元醇；且一元醇与水的体积比为1.25～1.60:1，二元醇与水的体积比为0.75～1.0:1；
其中一元醇为乙醇、异丙醇或丁醇，二元醇为乙二醇或1,3-丙二醇；
所述催化剂为甲酸、乙酸、盐酸、磷酸或硝酸中的一种或两种的混合物；
所述助剂为流平剂BYK 310、消泡剂BYK 025和表面增硬耐磨剂T801的混合物；其中流平剂、消泡剂与表面增硬耐磨剂的质量比为1:1～5:0.25～0.5。
如上所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，所述硅氧烷为甲基三甲氧基硅烷、苯基三乙氧基硅烷和三甲基氯硅烷的混合物，且相应的体积比为1:0.05～0.25:0.05～0.1。
如上所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，流动液从喷丝板的喷丝微孔流出的流速为0.01～10L/min，时间为0.5～5min；初步固化时间为15～20min；再次固化时间为20～25min；终固化时间为5～10min；冷却采用自然冷却。
如上所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，所述低阻尼喷丝微孔包括常规圆孔和各种异形孔，各种异形孔为三角型、三叶型、中空型、扁平型、十字型、丰字型、“8”字型、“Y”型或“H”型微孔。
本发明的喷丝微孔包括且不限于熔融纺丝、湿法纺丝、静电纺丝等所用喷丝板或喷丝通道的喷丝微孔，所述喷丝板的材质为不锈钢。
本发明的喷丝微孔，也包括复合纺丝所用喷丝板的喷丝微孔。
如上所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，所述聚合物为聚酯、聚酰胺或聚烯烃；所述聚酯为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯中的一种，或者为两种以上的共聚合物；所述聚酰胺为尼龙6、尼龙66、尼龙11、尼龙12、尼龙610、尼龙612和尼龙1010中的一种，或者为两种以上的共聚物；所述聚烯烃为聚乙烯、聚 丙烯、聚1-丁烯和聚4-甲基-1-戊烯中的一种，或者为两种以上的共聚物。
如上所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，熔融纺丝工艺为聚合物熔体经低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体参数如下：
聚酯短纤维：纺丝温度为240～260℃，纺丝速度为4000～6000m/min，拉伸温度为60～80℃，预拉伸倍率为1.02～1.10，一道拉伸倍率为1.50～2.00，二道拉伸倍率为1.05～1.10，然后经切断，短纤维的纤度为0.3～5.0dtex，长度为38mm或51mm；
聚酯POY丝：纺丝温度为270～300℃，纺丝速度为6000～8000m/min，拉伸温度为60～80℃，总拉伸倍率为1.2～2.5；
进一步地，POY经过8小时平衡后，分别经第一罗拉、第Ⅰ热箱、冷却板、PU盘式假捻器、第二罗拉、网络喷嘴、第Ⅱ热箱、第三罗拉和油轮，最后经过卷绕罗拉卷绕成型，制成聚合物DTY；其中第一罗拉的线速度200～600m/min，第二罗拉的线速度500～600m/min，第三罗拉的线速度300～600m/min，卷绕罗拉的线速度400～700m/min，牵伸比1.1～1.8，PU盘式假捻D/Y比为1.2～2.5；
聚酯FDY丝：纺丝速度为8000～12000m/min，热辊GR1的速度为2000～4000m/min，温度为80～110℃，热辊GR2的速度为6000～10000m/min，温度为115～135℃，制得聚合物FDY长丝；
聚酰胺未取向丝：纺丝温度为200～260℃，纺丝速度为3000～6000m/min，冷却风温为20～30℃，风速0.3～1m/s，相对湿度为60％～80％，得到未取向丝；
聚酰胺预取向丝：纺丝温度为220～260℃，纺丝速度为6000～8000m/min，冷却风温为15～25℃，风速0.3～0.6m/s，相对湿度为60％～80％，得到预取向丝；
聚酰胺全拉伸丝：纺丝温度为220～260℃，第一导丝盘速度为6000～8000m/min，第二导丝盘速度为8000～12000m/min，拉伸倍数为1.1～1.5倍，冷却风温为15～25℃，风速0.5～1m/s，相对湿度为60％～90％，得到全拉伸丝；
聚酰胺高取向丝：纺丝温度为220～260℃，纺丝速度为10000～14000m/min，冷却风温为15～20℃，风速0.3～0.5m/s，相对湿度为80％～90％，得到高取向丝；
聚烯烃纤维：喷丝头拉伸比为30～60倍，纺丝速度为10000～20000m/min，冷却方式为侧吹或环吹，吹风温度为30～40℃，送风温度为15～25℃，风速为0.3～0.8m/s，牵伸倍数为4～10，第一热辊温度为85～90℃，第二热辊温度为100～110℃，第三热辊温度为115～120℃，第四热辊温度为125～135℃，第五热辊温度为135～140℃，卷绕速度为15000～20000m/min。
本发明的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，主要是通过对纺丝喷丝微孔表面进行低表面能处理，提高喷丝微孔光滑度和降低摩擦系数，降低纺丝过程中高温高粘度熔体与喷丝微孔之间的摩擦，降低纺丝过程中张力波动，实现纺丝过程的高速化与稳定化。低表面能处理后的喷丝微孔为低阻尼喷丝微孔，聚合物熔体在低阻尼喷丝微孔中速度提升原理如下式：
V’＝V0+V(x)；
式中，V0为聚合物熔体在未经低表面能处理喷丝微孔中某一位置点的速度，V(x)为聚合物熔体在低表面能处理后的喷丝微孔表面所产生的滑移的速度，V’为聚合物熔体在低表面能处理后喷丝微孔相同位置点的速度；
对比可以看出聚合物熔体在低表面能处理的喷丝微孔即低阻尼喷丝微孔中的速度相对于未经低表面能处理的喷丝微孔的速度增加了V(x)，说明低表面能处理喷丝微孔能够显著提升熔体的流动速度。
聚合物熔体在熔体管道其滑动摩擦力f＝F×μ；
式中，μ为滑动摩擦系数，F为熔体压力；
在相同的压力F条件下，低阻尼喷丝微孔的表面能较低，喷丝微孔表面与熔体的滑动 摩擦系数μ越低，滑动摩擦力f也随之降低，而在纺丝过程中为了避免聚合物熔体出口断裂，为了减少毛丝断头等现象的产生，滑动摩擦力f必须小于聚合物断裂的最小应力σ，因此低阻尼喷丝微孔能够降低滑动摩擦力f，从而减少由于熔体断裂导致的毛丝断头的发生。
熔体在流动过程中的速度梯度，导致熔体本身在流动过程中存在剪切作用，当其剪切作用大于熔体本身的自聚能时，熔体发生断裂。常规超高速纺丝过程中熔体速度越快，纺丝平直越难控制，同时对于细旦、超细旦纤维而言，其本身纺丝过程中喷丝微孔孔径小，熔体与喷丝微孔基材摩擦阻力大，因此易于导致纺丝剪切过大，而在剪切过程导致纤维最外围先发生断裂，当断裂面积过大，深入到纤维径向深度过大时，纤维发生断裂，而纺丝出现毛丝，因此在后期拉伸过程中易于出现断裂，毛丝现象的产生，影响产品品质。本发明采用低阻尼喷丝微孔，熔体在流动过程中的剪切作用力大大降低，低于熔体本身的自聚能，从而避免了熔体断裂现象的产生，保证了纤维的优良品质。
有益效果：
1)本发明的低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法装置简单，只需将常规纺丝装置中的喷丝板替换为本发明中含有低阻尼喷丝微孔的喷丝板即可；
2)本发明中的喷丝微孔，具有低表面能特点，能够提高喷丝微孔光滑度和降低摩擦系数；
3)本发明的喷丝微孔，采用聚硅氧烷单体水解缩合后进行逐级表面固化，既保证了喷丝微孔的尺寸稳定性和低表面能特性，同时还可以提高固化后聚硅氧烷体型结构的转变，提高喷丝微孔表面硬度和耐摩擦性能；
4)本发明的喷丝微孔的喷丝板，清洗周期延长至原有的4倍以上；
5)本发明的低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法能够显著提高纤维的纺丝速度，聚酯短纤维的纺丝速度为4000～6000m/min(常规熔融纺丝方法为1000～2000m/min)，聚酯POY丝的纺丝速度为6000～8000m/min(常规熔融纺丝方法为3000～4000m/min)，聚酯FDY丝纺丝速度为8000～12000m/min(常规熔融纺丝方法为4000～5000m/min)，聚酰胺未取向丝的纺丝速度为3000～6000m/min(常规熔融纺丝方法为1000～1500m/min)，聚酰胺预取向丝纺丝速度为6000～8000m/min(常规熔融纺丝方法为4000～4500m/min)，全拉伸丝8000～12000m/min(常规熔融纺丝方法为5000～6000m/min)，高取向丝纺丝速度为10000～14000m/min(常规熔融纺丝方法为4500～6000m/min)，聚烯烃纤维出喷丝微孔速度达到10000-20000m/min(常规聚烯烃熔融纺丝速度1000-2000m/min)，极大地提高了生产效率；
6)本发明在提升聚合物纤维纺丝成形速度基础上进一步提升纤维的品质，聚合物纤维毛丝、断头率、废丝率大大减低。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
一种低阻尼聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯短纤维高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备聚硅氧烷处理液，首先按重量份计，将10份pH值为10.1、固含量为30wt％、平均粒径为30nm的碱性硅溶胶和10份pH值为9.4、固含量为20wt％、平均粒径为45nm的碱性铝溶胶混合，然后加入5份甲酸作催化剂调节体系pH值，使pH值维持在2，然后加入10份乙醇与水的混合溶剂，乙醇与水的体积比为1.25:1，然后再加入30份甲基三甲氧基硅烷，再在常温下进行水解15min，然后再把体系放入45℃进行高温缩合，反应维持30min，反应结束后再加入1份质量比为1:1:0.25的流平剂BYK 310、消泡剂BYK 025和表面增硬耐磨剂T801的混 合物助剂，进行搅拌5min后，待体系冷却到室温，得到聚硅氧烷处理液；
然后采用聚硅氧烷处理液处理喷丝微孔得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，以喷丝板为固定床，以聚硅氧烷处理液为流动液，在70℃条件下，使流动液在0.5min内以0.01L/min的流速从喷丝板的圆孔型喷丝微孔流出，然后在95℃条件下进行初步固化15min，再在200℃进行再次固化20min，最后在260℃进行终固化5min，自然冷却后得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，测试表明制备的低阻尼喷丝微孔的喷丝微孔的表面能En为35mJ/cm2，表面粗糙度Ra为0.2μm，表面静态接触角WCA为85°；
最后，将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯短纤维纺丝工艺：纺丝温度为240℃，纺丝速度为4000m/min，拉伸温度为60℃，预拉伸倍率为1.02，一道拉伸倍率为1.50，二道拉伸倍率为1.05，然后经切断，短纤维的纤度为0.3dtex，长度为38mm。
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯短纤维的AA％为98％，废丝率为1kg/t。
对比例1
一种聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯短纤维熔融纺丝方法，将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯熔体经由普通圆孔型喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯短纤维纺丝工艺：纺丝温度为240℃，纺丝速度为1000m/min，拉伸温度为60℃，预拉伸倍率为1.02，一道拉伸倍率为1.50，二道拉伸倍率为1.05，然后经切断，短纤维的纤度为0.3dtex，长度为38mm。
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯短纤维的AA％为92％，废丝率为8kg/t。
对比实施例1和对比例1可以看出，其它条件相同的条件下，采用低阻尼喷丝微孔进行纺丝相对于普通喷丝微孔纺丝速度提升较高，纤维的品质也发生了较大的改善。
实施例2
一种低阻尼聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯短纤维高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备聚硅氧烷处理液，首先按重量份计，将20份pH值为10.5、固含量为45wt％、平均粒径为50nm的碱性硅溶胶和20份pH值为9.8、固含量为35wt％、平均粒径为65nm的碱性铝溶胶混合，然后加入8份乙酸作催化剂调节体系pH值，使pH值维持在4.5，然后加入20份异丙醇与水的混合溶剂，异丙醇与水的体积比为1.42:1，然后再加入40份甲基三乙氧基硅烷，再在常温下进行水解20min，然后再把体系放入80℃进行高温缩合，反应维持75min，反应结束后再加入3份质量比为1:5:0.5的流平剂BYK 310、消泡剂BYK 025和表面增硬耐磨剂T801的混合物助剂，进行搅拌10min后，待体系冷却到室温，得到聚硅氧烷处理液；
然后采用聚硅氧烷处理液处理喷丝微孔得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，以喷丝板为固定床，以聚硅氧烷处理液为流动液，在85℃条件下，使流动液在5min内以10L/min的流速从喷丝板的三角型喷丝微孔流出，然后在120℃条件下进行初步固化20min，再在230℃进行再次固化25min，最后在280℃进行终固化10min，自然冷却后得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，测试表明制备的低阻尼喷丝微孔的喷丝微孔的表面能En为34mJ/cm2，表面粗糙度Ra为0.15μm，表面静态接触角WCA为86°；
最后，将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯短纤维纺丝工艺：纺丝温度为250℃，纺丝速度为5000m/min，拉伸温度为70℃，预拉伸倍率为1.06，一道拉伸倍率为1.80，二道拉伸倍率为1.07，然后经切断，短纤维的纤度为2.5dtex，长度为38mm。
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯短纤维的AA％为99％，废丝率为0.4kg/t。
对比例2
一种聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯短纤维熔融纺丝方法，将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯熔体经由普通三角型喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯短纤维纺丝工艺：纺丝温度为250℃，纺丝速度为1200m/min，拉伸温度为70℃，预拉伸倍率为1.06，一道拉伸倍率为1.80，二道拉伸倍率为1.07，然后经切断，短纤维的纤度为2.5dtex，长度为38mm。
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯短纤维的AA％为90％，废丝率为12kg/t。
对比实施例2和对比例2可以看出，其它条件相同的条件下，采用低阻尼喷丝微孔进行纺丝相对于普通喷丝微孔纺丝速度提升较高，纤维的品质也发生了较大的改善。
实施例3
一种低阻尼聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯短纤维高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备聚硅氧烷处理液，首先按重量份计，将15份pH值为10.3、固含量为35wt％、平均粒径为40nm的碱性硅溶胶和15份pH值为9.6、固含量为30wt％、平均粒径为50nm的碱性铝溶胶混合，然后加入6份盐酸作催化剂调节体系pH值，使pH值维持在3，然后加入15份丁醇与水的混合溶剂，丁醇与水的体积比为1.60:1，然后再加入35份乙基三乙氧基硅烷，再在常温下进行水解18min，然后再把体系放入50℃进行高温缩合，反应维持40min，反应结束后再加入2份质量比为1:1:0.25的流平剂BYK 310、消泡剂BYK 025和表面增硬耐磨剂T801的混合物助剂，进行搅拌8min后，待体系冷却到室温，得到聚硅氧烷处理液；
然后采用聚硅氧烷处理液处理喷丝微孔得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，以喷丝板为固定床，以聚硅氧烷处理液为流动液，在80℃条件下，使流动液在3min内以5L/min的流速从喷丝板的三叶型喷丝微孔流出，然后在100℃条件下进行初步固化18min，再在210℃进行再次固化22min，最后在270℃进行终固化8min，自然冷却后得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，测试表明制备的低阻尼喷丝微孔的喷丝微孔的表面能En为32mJ/cm2，表面粗糙度Ra为0.1μm，表面静态接触角WCA为88°；
最后，将聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯短纤维纺丝工艺：纺丝温度为260℃，纺丝速度为6000m/min，拉伸温度为80℃，预拉伸倍率为1.10，一道拉伸倍率为2.00，二道拉伸倍率为1.10，然后经切断，短纤维的纤度为5.0dtex，长度为51mm。
聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯短纤维的AA％为99％，废丝率为0.5kg/t。
实施例4
一种低阻尼聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯POY丝高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备聚硅氧烷处理液，首先按重量份计，将18份pH值为10.3、固含量为40wt％、平均粒径为45nm的碱性硅溶胶和18份pH值为9.6、固含量为30wt％、平均粒径为60nm的碱性铝溶胶混合，然后加入7份磷酸作催化剂调节体系pH值，使pH值维持在4.5，然后加入18份乙二醇与水的混合溶剂，乙二醇与水的体积比为0.75:1，然后再加入38份三甲基氯硅烷，再在常温下进行水解18min，然后再把体系放入70℃进行高温缩合，反应维持70min，反应结束后再加入3份质量比为1:5:0.5的流平剂BYK 310、消泡剂BYK 025和表面增硬耐磨剂T801的混合物助剂，进行搅拌10min后，待体系冷却到室温，得到聚硅氧烷处理液；
然后采用聚硅氧烷处理液处理喷丝微孔得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，以喷丝板为固定床，以聚硅氧烷处理液为流动液，在80℃条件下，使流动液在4min内以8L/min的流速从喷丝板的三叶型喷丝微孔流出，然后在110℃条件下进行初步固化18min，再在220℃进行再次固化24min，最后在270℃进行终固化8min，自然冷却后得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，测试表明制备的低阻尼喷丝微孔的喷丝微孔的表面能En为34mJ/cm2，表面粗糙度Ra为0.2μm，表面静态接触角WCA为88°；
最后，将聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯POY丝纺丝工艺：纺丝温度为270℃，纺丝速度为6000m/min，拉伸温度为60℃，总拉伸倍率为1.2。
聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯POY丝的AA％为99％，废丝率为0.8kg/t。
实施例5
一种低阻尼聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯POY丝高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备聚硅氧烷处理液，首先按重量份计，将10份pH值为10.1、固含量为30wt％、平均粒径为30nm的碱性硅溶胶和10份pH值为9.4、固含量为20wt％、平均粒径为45nm的碱性铝溶胶混合，然后加入5份硝酸作催化剂调节体系pH值，使pH值维持在2，然后加入10份1,3-丙二醇与水的混合溶剂，1,3-丙二醇与水的体积比为1.0:1，然后再加入30份苯基三乙氧基硅烷，再在常温下进行水解15min，然后再把体系放入45℃进行高温缩合，反应维持30min，反应结束后再加入1份质量比为1:1:0.25的流平剂BYK 310、消泡剂BYK 025和表面增硬耐磨剂T801的混合物助剂，进行搅拌5min后，待体系冷却到室温，得到聚硅氧烷处理液；
然后采用聚硅氧烷处理液处理喷丝微孔得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，以喷丝板为固定床，以聚硅氧烷处理液为流动液，在70℃条件下，使流动液在0.5min内以0.01L/min的流速从喷丝板的中空型喷丝微孔流出，然后在95℃条件下进行初步固化15min，再在200℃进行再次固化20min，最后在260℃进行终固化5min，自然冷却后得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，测试表明制备的低阻尼喷丝微孔的喷丝微孔的表面能En为32mJ/cm2，表面粗糙度Ra为0.2μm，表面静态接触角WCA为85°；
最后，将聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯POY丝纺丝工艺：纺丝温度为285℃，纺丝速度为7000m/min，拉伸温度为70℃，总拉伸倍率为1.8。
聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯POY丝的AA％为98％，废丝率为1kg/t。
实施例6
一种低阻尼聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯POY丝高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备聚硅氧烷处理液，首先按重量份计，将15份pH值为10.3、固含量为40wt％、平均粒径为40nm的碱性硅溶胶和15份pH值为9.6、固含量为30wt％、平均粒径为60nm的碱性铝溶胶混合，然后加入6份甲酸和乙酸的混合物作催化剂调节体系pH值，使pH值维持在3，甲酸与乙酸的质量比为1:1，然后加入15份乙醇与水的混合溶剂，乙醇与水的体积比为1.25:1，然后再加入35份甲基三甲氧基硅烷和甲基三乙氧基硅烷的混合物，相应的体积比为1:1，再在常温下进行水解18min，然后再把体系放入70℃进行高温缩合，反应维持60min，反应结束后再加入2份质量比为1:5:0.5的流平剂BYK 310、消泡剂BYK 025和表面增硬耐磨剂T801的混合物助剂，进行搅拌8min后，待体系冷却到室温，得到聚硅氧烷处理液；
然后采用聚硅氧烷处理液处理喷丝微孔得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，以喷丝板为固定床，以聚硅氧烷处理液为流动液，在80℃条件下，使流动液在4min内以8L/min的流速从喷丝板的扁平型喷丝微孔流出，然后在100℃条件下进行初步固化18min，再在220℃进行再次固化24min，最后在270℃进行终固化8min，自然冷却后得到低阻尼喷丝微孔；测试表明制备的低阻尼喷丝微孔的喷丝微孔的表面能En为33mJ/cm2，表面粗糙度Ra为0.2μm，表面静态接触角WCA为87°；
最后，将聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯POY丝纺丝工艺：纺丝温度为300℃，纺丝速度为8000m/min， 拉伸温度为80℃，总拉伸倍率为2.5。
聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯POY丝的AA％为100％，废丝率为0.5kg/t。
实施例7
一种低阻尼聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯的共聚合物DTY丝高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备聚硅氧烷处理液，首先按重量份计，将10份pH值为10.1、固含量为30wt％、平均粒径为30nm的碱性硅溶胶和10份pH值为9.4、固含量为20wt％、平均粒径为45nm的碱性铝溶胶混合，然后加入5份盐酸和磷酸的混合物，作催化剂调节体系pH值，使pH值维持在2，盐酸与磷酸的质量比为1:2，然后加入10份异丙醇与水的混合溶剂，异丙醇与水的体积比为1.42:1，然后再加入30份甲基三甲氧基硅烷、苯基三乙氧基硅烷和三甲基氯硅烷的混合物，相应的体积比为1:0.05:0.05，再在常温下进行水解15min，然后再把体系放入45℃进行高温缩合，反应维持30min，反应结束后再加入1份质量比为1:1:0.25的流平剂BYK 310、消泡剂BYK 025和表面增硬耐磨剂T801的混合物助剂，进行搅拌5min后，待体系冷却到室温，得到聚硅氧烷处理液；
然后采用聚硅氧烷处理液处理喷丝微孔得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，以喷丝板为固定床，以聚硅氧烷处理液为流动液，在70℃条件下，使流动液在0.5min内以0.01L/min的流速从喷丝板的十字型喷丝微孔流出，然后在95℃条件下进行初步固化15min，再在200℃进行再次固化20min，最后在260℃进行终固化5min，自然冷却后得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，测试表明制备的低阻尼喷丝微孔的喷丝微孔的表面能En为34.8mJ/cm2，表面粗糙度Ra为0.19μm，表面静态接触角WCA为85°；
最后，将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯的共聚合物(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯的摩尔比为1:1)熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯的共聚合物DTY纺丝工艺：在纺丝温度为270℃，纺丝速度为6500m/min，拉伸温度为60℃，总拉伸倍率为1.2的条件下，制备聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯的共聚合物POY丝，POY丝经过8小时平衡后，分别经第一罗拉、第Ⅰ热箱、冷却板、PU盘式假捻器、第二罗拉、网络喷嘴、第Ⅱ热箱、第三罗拉和油轮，最后经过卷绕罗拉卷绕成型，制成聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯的共聚合物DTY丝；其中第一罗拉的线速度200m/min，第二罗拉的线速度500m/min，第三罗拉的线速度300m/min，卷绕罗拉的线速度400m/min，牵伸比1.1，PU盘式假捻D/Y比为1.2。
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯的共聚合物DTY丝的AA％为98％，废丝率为0.6kg/t。
实施例8
一种低阻尼聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的共聚合物DTY丝高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备聚硅氧烷处理液，首先按重量份计，将20份pH值为10.5、固含量为45wt％、平均粒径为50nm的碱性硅溶胶和20份pH值为9.8、固含量为35wt％、平均粒径为65nm的碱性铝溶胶混合，然后加入8份磷酸和硝酸的混合物作催化剂调节体系pH值，使pH值维持在4.5，磷酸与硝酸的质量比为2:1，然后加入20份1,3-丙二醇与水的混合溶剂，1,3-丙二醇与水的体积比为1.0:1，然后再加入38份甲基三甲氧基硅烷、苯基三乙氧基硅烷和三甲基氯硅烷的混合物，且相应的体积比为1:0.25:0.1，再在常温下进行水解20min，然后再把体系放入80℃进行高温缩合，反应维持75min，反应结束后再加入3份质量比为1:5:0.5的流平剂BYK 310、消泡剂BYK 025和表面增硬耐磨剂T801的混合物助剂，进行搅拌10min后，待体系冷却到室温，得到聚硅氧烷处理液；
然后采用聚硅氧烷处理液处理喷丝微孔得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，以喷丝板为固定床，以聚 硅氧烷处理液为流动液，在85℃条件下，使流动液在5min内以10L/min的流速从喷丝板的丰字型喷丝微孔流出，然后在120℃条件下进行初步固化20min，再在230℃进行再次固化25min，最后在280℃进行终固化10min，自然冷却后得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，测试表明制备的低阻尼喷丝微孔的喷丝微孔的表面能En为35mJ/cm2，表面粗糙度Ra为0.18μm，表面静态接触角WCA为86°；
最后，将聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的共聚合物(聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的摩尔比为2:1)熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的共聚合物DTY丝纺丝工艺：在纺丝温度为285℃，纺丝速度为6800m/min，拉伸温度为70℃，总拉伸倍率为1.8的条件下，制备聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的共聚合物POY丝，POY丝经过8小时平衡后，分别经第一罗拉、第Ⅰ热箱、冷却板、PU盘式假捻器、第二罗拉、网络喷嘴、第Ⅱ热箱、第三罗拉和油轮，最后经过卷绕罗拉卷绕成型，制成聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的共聚合物DTY；其中第一罗拉的线速度400m/min，第二罗拉的线速度550m/min，第三罗拉的线速度450m/min，卷绕罗拉的线速度550m/min，牵伸比1.5，PU盘式假捻D/Y比为1.8。
聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的共聚合物DTY丝的AA％为100％，废丝率为0.4kg/t。
实施例9
一种低阻尼聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的共聚合物DTY丝高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备聚硅氧烷处理液，首先按重量份计，将20份pH值为10.5、固含量为45wt％、平均粒径为50nm的碱性硅溶胶和20份pH值为9.8、固含量为35wt％、平均粒径为65nm的碱性铝溶胶混合，然后加入8份乙酸作催化剂调节体系pH值，使pH值维持在4.5，然后加入20份异丙醇与水的混合溶剂，异丙醇与水的体积比为1.42:1，然后再加入40份甲基三乙氧基硅烷，再在常温下进行水解20min，然后再把体系放入80℃进行高温缩合，反应维持75min，反应结束后再加入3份质量比为1:5:0.5的流平剂BYK 310、消泡剂BYK 025和表面增硬耐磨剂T801的混合物助剂，进行搅拌10min后，待体系冷却到室温，得到聚硅氧烷处理液；
然后采用聚硅氧烷处理液处理喷丝微孔得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，以喷丝板为固定床，以聚硅氧烷处理液为流动液，在85℃条件下，使流动液在5min内以10L/min的流速从喷丝板的8字型喷丝微孔流出，然后在120℃条件下进行初步固化20min，再在230℃进行再次固化25min，最后在280℃进行终固化10min，自然冷却后得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，测试表明制备的低阻尼喷丝微孔的喷丝微孔的表面能En为34mJ/cm2，表面粗糙度Ra为0.15μm，表面静态接触角WCA为86°；
最后，将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的共聚合物(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的摩尔比为1:1:1)熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的共聚合物DTY纺丝工艺：在纺丝温度为300℃，纺丝速度为7500m/min，拉伸温度为80℃，总拉伸倍率为2.5的条件下，制备聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的共聚合物POY丝，POY丝经过8小时平衡后，分别经第一罗拉、第Ⅰ热箱、冷却板、PU盘式假捻器、第二罗拉、网络喷嘴、第Ⅱ热箱、第三罗拉和油轮，最后经过卷绕罗拉卷绕成型，制成聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇 酯的共聚合物DTY丝；其中第一罗拉的线速度600m/min，第二罗拉的线速度600m/min，第三罗拉的线速度600m/min，卷绕罗拉的线速度700m/min，牵伸比1.8，PU盘式假捻D/Y比为2.5。
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的共聚合物DTY丝的AA％为99％，废丝率为0.6kg/t。
实施例10
一种低阻尼聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯FDY丝高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备聚硅氧烷处理液，首先按重量份计，将15份pH值为10.3、固含量为35wt％、平均粒径为40nm的碱性硅溶胶和15份pH值为9.6、固含量为30wt％、平均粒径为50nm的碱性铝溶胶混合，然后加入6份盐酸作催化剂调节体系pH值，使pH值维持在3，然后加入15份丁醇与水的混合溶剂，丁醇与水的体积比为1.60:1，然后再加入35份乙基三乙氧基硅烷，再在常温下进行水解18min，然后再把体系放入50℃进行高温缩合，反应维持40min，反应结束后再加入2份质量比为1:1:0.25的流平剂BYK 310、消泡剂BYK 025和表面增硬耐磨剂T801的混合物助剂，进行搅拌8min后，待体系冷却到室温，得到聚硅氧烷处理液；
然后采用聚硅氧烷处理液处理喷丝微孔得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，以喷丝板为固定床，以聚硅氧烷处理液为流动液，在80℃条件下，使流动液在3min内以5L/min的流速从喷丝板的Y型喷丝微孔流出，然后在100℃条件下进行初步固化18min，再在210℃进行再次固化22min，最后在270℃进行终固化8min，自然冷却后得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，测试表明制备的低阻尼喷丝微孔的喷丝微孔的表面能En为32mJ/cm2，表面粗糙度Ra为0.1μm，表面静态接触角WCA为88°；
最后，将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯FDY丝纺丝工艺：纺丝速度为8000m/min，热辊GR1的速度为2000m/min，温度为80℃，热辊GR2的速度为6000m/min，温度为115℃。
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯FDY丝的AA％为98％，废丝率为0.7kg/t。
实施例11
一种低阻尼聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯FDY丝高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备聚硅氧烷处理液，首先按重量份计，将15份pH值为10.3、固含量为40wt％、平均粒径为40nm的碱性硅溶胶和15份pH值为9.6、固含量为30wt％、平均粒径为60nm的碱性铝溶胶混合，然后加入6份甲酸和乙酸的混合物作催化剂调节体系pH值，使pH值维持在3，甲酸与乙酸的质量比为1:1，然后加入15份乙醇与水的混合溶剂，乙醇与水的体积比为1.25:1，然后再加入35份甲基三甲氧基硅烷和甲基三乙氧基硅烷的混合物，相应的体积比为1:1，再在常温下进行水解18min，然后再把体系放入70℃进行高温缩合，反应维持60min，反应结束后再加入2份质量比为1:5:0.5的流平剂BYK 310、消泡剂BYK 025和表面增硬耐磨剂T801的混合物助剂，进行搅拌8min后，待体系冷却到室温，得到聚硅氧烷处理液；
然后采用聚硅氧烷处理液处理喷丝微孔得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，以喷丝板为固定床，以聚硅氧烷处理液为流动液，在80℃条件下，使流动液在4min内以8L/min的流速从喷丝板的H型喷丝微孔流出，然后在100℃条件下进行初步固化18min，再在220℃进行再次固化24min，最后在270℃进行终固化8min，自然冷却后得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，测试表明制备的低阻尼喷丝微孔的喷丝微孔的表面能En为33mJ/cm2，表面粗糙度Ra为0.2μm，表面静态接触角WCA为87°；
最后，将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯FDY丝纺丝工艺：纺丝速度为10000m/min，热辊GR1的速度 为3000m/min，温度为95℃，热辊GR2的速度为8000m/min，温度为125℃。
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯FDY丝的AA％为98％，废丝率为0.8kg/t。
实施例12
一种低阻尼聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯FDY丝高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备聚硅氧烷处理液，首先按重量份计，将10份pH值为10.1、固含量为30wt％、平均粒径为30nm的碱性硅溶胶和10份pH值为9.4、固含量为20wt％、平均粒径为45nm的碱性铝溶胶混合，然后加入5份盐酸和磷酸的混合物，作催化剂调节体系pH值，使pH值维持在2，盐酸与磷酸的质量比为1:2，然后加入10份异丙醇与水的混合溶剂，异丙醇与水的体积比为1.42:1，然后再加入30份甲基三甲氧基硅烷、苯基三乙氧基硅烷和三甲基氯硅烷的混合物，相应的体积比为1:0.05:0.05，再在常温下进行水解15min，然后再把体系放入45℃进行高温缩合，反应维持30min，反应结束后再加入1份质量比为1:1:0.25的流平剂BYK 310、消泡剂BYK025和表面增硬耐磨剂T801的混合物助剂，进行搅拌5min后，待体系冷却到室温，得到聚硅氧烷处理液；
然后采用聚硅氧烷处理液处理喷丝微孔得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，以喷丝板为固定床，以聚硅氧烷处理液为流动液，在70℃条件下，使流动液在0.5min内以0.01L/min的流速从喷丝板的H型喷丝微孔流出，然后在95℃条件下进行初步固化15min，再在200℃进行再次固化20min，最后在260℃进行终固化5min，自然冷却后得到低阻尼喷丝微孔，测试表明制备的低阻尼喷丝微孔的喷丝微孔的表面能En为34.8mJ/cm2，表面粗糙度Ra为0.19μm，表面静态接触角WCA为85°；
最后，将聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯FDY丝纺丝工艺：纺丝速度为12000m/min，热辊GR1的速度为4000m/min，温度为110℃，热辊GR2的速度为10000m/min，温度为135℃。
聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯FDY丝的AA％为99％，废丝率为1kg/t。
实施例13～18
一种低阻尼聚合物纤维高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备低阻尼喷丝微孔，然后，将聚合物熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下表所示。
Figure PCTCN2016106596-appb-000002
实施例19
一种低阻尼尼龙1010全拉伸丝高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备低阻尼喷丝微孔，具体制备步骤同实施例7；然后，将尼龙1010熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
全拉伸丝工艺：纺丝温度为220℃，第一导丝盘速度为6000m/min，第二导丝盘速度为8000m/min，拉伸倍数为1.1倍，冷却风温为15℃，风速0.5m/s，相对湿度为60％，得到全拉伸丝。
实施例20
一种低阻尼尼龙1010全拉伸丝高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备低阻尼喷丝微孔，具体制备步骤同实施例8；然后，将尼龙1010熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
全拉伸丝工艺：纺丝温度为240℃，第一导丝盘速度为7000m/min，第二导丝盘速度为10000m/min，拉伸倍数为1.3倍，冷却风温为20℃，风速0.8m/s，相对湿度为75％，得到全拉伸丝。
实施例21
一种低阻尼尼龙6与尼龙66的共聚物全拉伸丝高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备低阻尼喷丝微孔，具体制备步骤同实施例9；然后，将尼龙6与尼龙66的共聚物(尼龙6与尼龙66的摩尔比为1:1)熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
全拉伸丝工艺：纺丝温度为260℃，第一导丝盘速度为8000m/min，第二导丝盘速度为12000m/min，拉伸倍数为1.5倍，冷却风温为25℃，风速1m/s，相对湿度为90％，得到全拉伸丝。
实施例22
一种低阻尼尼龙11与尼龙12的共聚物高取向丝高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备低阻尼喷丝微孔，具体制备步骤同实施例10；然后，将尼龙11与尼龙12的共聚物(尼龙11与尼龙12的摩尔比为1:2)熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
高取向丝工艺：纺丝温度为220℃，纺丝速度为10000m/min，冷却风温为15℃，风速0.3m/s，相对湿度为80％，得到高取向丝。
实施例23
一种低阻尼尼龙612与尼龙1010的共聚物高取向丝高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备低阻尼喷丝微孔，具体制备步骤同实施例11；然后，将尼龙612与尼龙1010的共聚物(尼龙612与尼龙1010的摩尔比为2:1)熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
高取向丝工艺：纺丝温度为240℃，纺丝速度为12000m/min，冷却风温为18℃，风速0.4m/s，相对湿度为85％，得到高取向丝。
实施例24
一种低阻尼尼龙11、尼龙12与尼龙610的共聚物高取向丝高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备低阻尼喷丝微孔，具体制备步骤同实施例12；然后，将尼龙11、尼龙12与尼龙610的共聚物(尼龙11、尼龙12与尼龙610的摩尔比比为1:1:1)熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体工艺参数如下：
高取向丝工艺：纺丝温度为260℃，纺丝速度为14000m/min，冷却风温为20℃，风速0.5m/s，相对湿度为90％，得到高取向丝。
实施例25～34
一种低阻尼聚合物纤维高效熔融纺丝方法，首先制备低阻尼喷丝微孔，然后，将聚合物熔体经过低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，其中聚合物熔融纺丝喷丝头拉伸比和纺丝速度为一定值；聚合物熔融纺丝过程中采用一定的冷却方式，在一定的吹风温度、送风温度和风速的条件下进行冷却；熔融纺丝成形的聚合物纤维经一定牵伸倍数的牵伸和热定型，第一热辊、第二热辊、第三热辊、第四热辊和第五热辊的温度各不相同，热定型后聚合物纤维在一定的卷绕速度下进行卷绕。
Figure PCTCN2016106596-appb-000003

Claims (10)

  1. 一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，其特征是：将聚合物熔体经由低阻尼喷丝微孔进行熔融纺丝；
    所述低阻尼喷丝微孔是经过聚硅氧烷处理液表面处理的低表面能的喷丝微孔，喷丝微孔表面能En≤35mJ/cm2，表面粗糙度Ra≤0.2μm，表面静态接触角WCA≥85°。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，其特征在于，所述低阻尼喷丝微孔的制备方法为：以喷丝板为固定床，以聚硅氧烷处理液为流动液，在70～85℃条件下，使流动液从喷丝板的喷丝微孔流出，然后在95～120℃条件下进行初步固化，再在200～230℃进行再次固化，最后在260～280℃进行终固化，冷却后得到低阻尼喷丝微孔。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，其特征在于，所述聚硅氧烷处理液按重量份计，各组分为：
    Figure PCTCN2016106596-appb-100001
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，其特征在于，所述聚硅氧烷处理液的制备方法为按比例加入硅溶胶和铝溶胶，然后用催化剂调节pH值，使体系的pH值维持在2～4.5，然后再加入溶剂和硅氧烷，再在常温下进行水解15～20min，然后再把体系放入45～80℃进行高温缩合，反应维持30～75min，反应结束后再加入助剂，进行搅拌5～10min后，待体系冷却到室温，得到所需的聚硅氧烷处理液。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，其特征在于，所述硅氧烷为甲基三甲氧基硅烷、甲基三乙氧基硅烷、乙基三乙氧基硅烷、三甲基氯硅烷和苯基三乙氧基硅烷中的一种以上；
    所述硅溶胶为碱性硅溶胶，其pH值为10.3±0.2，硅溶胶的固含量为30～45wt％，平均粒径为30～50nm；
    所述铝溶胶为碱性铝溶胶，其pH值为9.6±0.2，铝溶胶的固含量为20～35wt％，平均粒径为45～65nm；
    所述溶剂为醇与水的混合溶剂，醇为一元醇或者二元醇；且一元醇与水的体积比为1.25～1.60:1，二元醇与水的体积比为0.75～1.0:1；
    其中一元醇为乙醇、异丙醇或丁醇，二元醇为乙二醇或1,3-丙二醇；
    所述催化剂为甲酸、乙酸、盐酸、磷酸或硝酸中的一种或两种的混合物；
    所述助剂为流平剂BYK 310、消泡剂BYK 025和表面增硬耐磨剂T801的混合物；其中流平剂、消泡剂与表面增硬耐磨剂的质量比为1:1～5:0.25～0.5。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，其特征在于，所述硅氧烷为甲基三甲氧基硅烷、苯基三乙氧基硅烷和三甲基氯硅烷的混合物，且相应的体积比为1:0.05～0.25:0.05～0.1。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，其特征在于，流动液从喷丝板的喷丝微孔流出的流速为0.01～10L/min，时间为0.5～5min；初步固化时间为15～20min；再次固化时间为20～25min；终固化时间为5～10min；冷却采用自然冷却。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，其特征在于，所述低阻尼喷丝微孔包括常规圆孔和各种异形孔，各种异形孔为三角型、三叶型、中空型、扁平型、十字型、丰字型、“8”字型、“Y”型或“H”型微孔。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，其特征在于，所述聚合物为聚酯、聚酰胺或聚烯烃；所述聚酯为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯中的一种，或者为两种以上的共聚合物；所述聚酰胺为尼龙6、尼龙66、尼龙11、尼龙12、尼龙610、尼龙612和尼龙1010中的一种，或者为两种以上的共聚物；所述聚烯烃为聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚1-丁烯和聚4-甲基-1-戊烯中的一种，或者为两种以上的共聚物。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种低阻尼聚合物高效熔融纺丝方法，其特征在于，熔融纺丝工艺为聚合物熔体经低阻尼喷丝微孔挤出后，进行冷却，再进行集束、上油和卷绕，具体参数如下：
    聚酯短纤维：纺丝温度为240～260℃，纺丝速度为4000～6000m/min，拉伸温度为60～80℃，预拉伸倍率为1.02～1.10，一道拉伸倍率为1.50～2.00，二道拉伸倍率为1.05～1.10，然后经切断，短纤维的纤度为0.3～5.0dtex，长度为38mm或51mm；
    聚酯POY丝：纺丝温度为270～300℃，纺丝速度为6000～8000m/min，拉伸温度为60～80℃，总拉伸倍率为1.2～2.5；
    进一步地，POY经过8小时平衡后，分别经第一罗拉、第Ⅰ热箱、冷却板、PU盘式假捻器、第二罗拉、网络喷嘴、第Ⅱ热箱、第三罗拉和油轮，最后经过卷绕罗拉卷绕成型，制成聚合物DTY；其中第一罗拉的线速度200～600m/min，第二罗拉的线速度500～600m/min，第三罗拉的线速度300～600m/min，卷绕罗拉的线速度400～700m/min，牵伸比1.1～1.8，PU盘式假捻D/Y比为1.2～2.5；
    聚酯FDY丝：纺丝速度为8000～12000m/min，热辊GR1的速度为2000～4000m/min，温度为80～110℃，热辊GR2的速度为6000～10000m/min，温度为115～135℃，制得聚合物FDY长丝；
    聚酰胺未取向丝：纺丝温度为200～260℃，纺丝速度为3000～6000m/min，冷却风温为20～30℃，风速0.3～1m/s，相对湿度为60％～80％，得到未取向丝；
    聚酰胺预取向丝：纺丝温度为220～260℃，纺丝速度为6000～8000m/min，冷却风温为15～25℃，风速0.3～0.6m/s，相对湿度为60％～80％，得到预取向丝；
    聚酰胺全拉伸丝：纺丝温度为220～260℃，第一导丝盘速度为6000～8000m/min，第二导丝盘速度为8000～12000m/min，拉伸倍数为1.1～1.5倍，冷却风温为15～25℃，风速0.5～1m/s，相对湿度为60％～90％，得到全拉伸丝；
    聚酰胺高取向丝：纺丝温度为220～260℃，纺丝速度为10000～14000m/min，冷却风温为15～20℃，风速0.3～0.5m/s，相对湿度为80％～90％，得到高取向丝；
    聚烯烃纤维：喷丝头拉伸比为30～60倍，纺丝速度为10000～20000m/min，冷却方式为侧吹或环吹，吹风温度为30～40℃，送风温度为15～25℃，风速为0.3～0.8m/s，牵伸倍数为4～10，第一热辊温度为85～90℃，第二热辊温度为100～110℃，第三热辊温度为115～120℃，第四热辊温度为125～135℃，第五热辊温度为135～140℃，卷绕速度为15000～20000m/min。
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