WO2018085958A1 - 一种在溶液中稳定的贵金属孤原子材料 - Google Patents
一种在溶液中稳定的贵金属孤原子材料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018085958A1 WO2018085958A1 PCT/CN2016/000652 CN2016000652W WO2018085958A1 WO 2018085958 A1 WO2018085958 A1 WO 2018085958A1 CN 2016000652 W CN2016000652 W CN 2016000652W WO 2018085958 A1 WO2018085958 A1 WO 2018085958A1
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- noble metal
- platinum
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- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Pt+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O NWAHZABTSDUXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- SFCAFDBIINGSIO-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Pt](Cl)Cl.C(C)NCC Chemical compound [Pt](Cl)Cl.C(C)NCC SFCAFDBIINGSIO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of new material invention, and the specific material is a noble metal orphan atom material which is stable in solution.
- precious metals and their alloys have become widely used materials in modern industry due to their excellent properties. Due to its high temperature corrosion resistance, high reliability, high precision and long service life, precious metals are widely used in aerospace, marine industry and military precision instruments, such as spring sheets, bellows, conductive hairsprings, shafts. Sharp and other originals. At the same time, precious metals are widely used in the preparation of medical materials due to their physiological non-toxicity, good ductility and biocompatibility. For example, amalgam alloys and casting alloys in the dental field are two major precious metal alloys for dental use, medical gold needles, silver needles and hard needles, and medical electronic equipment electrode materials.
- precious metals possess unique catalytic properties and stability, especially platinum group metals (ruthenium, osmium, palladium and platinum), which are widely used in petrochemical, hydrogen fuel cells and other fields.
- platinum group metals ruthenium, osmium, palladium and platinum
- the scarcity of precious metal resources and the backwardness of manufacturing technology make the price of precious metals remain high, which seriously restricts their full use in various fields.
- the noble metal atoms provide a broad space for the use of precious metals.
- Maria Flytzani-Stephanopoulos et al. (Acc. Chem. Res, 2014, 47, 783.) reported the synthesis of Au monoatomic materials on a variety of different supports and successfully applied them to water gas shift reactions.
- Zhang Tao et al. (Nature Chem., 2011, 3, 634.) reported the synthesis of Pt monoatomic materials on the surface of iron oxide, and successfully applied it to the oxidation reaction of carbon monoxide. The conversion frequency of the reaction was increased by 2-3 times.
- the monoatomic material obtained by the solid surface dispersion method not only has many problems such as low loading and instability, but also the noble metal single atom is not isolated due to the interaction of the solid surface with the noble metal single atom.
- the state in which it exists is bound to a solid surface and is not easily peeled off from the solid surface, and thus cannot be used as a raw material for the production and preparation of a wider range of substances.
- the noble metal atoms in the reduced state have a large degree of freedom of movement in the solution, and are easily aggregated to cause the generation of nanoparticles. Therefore, it is a great challenge in the field of science and technology to obtain a noble metal atomic material in an isolated state by dispersing a reduced metal atom in a solution.
- Vinylpyrrolidone polymers and isopropylacrylamide polymers (J. Phys. Chem. B, 1999, 103, 3818.; Langmuir 1997, 13, 6465.) Polymers are widely used in precious metal materials in solution. However, these high molecular polymers cannot prevent the accumulation of noble metal atoms in the initial reduced state from growing into nanoparticles, so the successful synthesis of the reduced noble metal atoms in solution has not been reported so far.
- the noble metal atomic material stabilized in the solution provided by the invention is composed of a noble metal atom and a protective agent.
- the noble metal atom is a platinum element or a post platinum element; the platinum element is palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, iridium or platinum; and the post platinum element is silver or gold.
- the noble metal atom is platinum; the nuclear magnetic signal of the isotope having a platinum atomic mass of 195 is mainly characterized by between -2600 and -2800 ppm.
- the protective agent is a block copolymer containing a siloxy group and a hydrophilic polymer.
- the protective agent is a block copolymer containing a siloxy group and a polyether group.
- a polysiloxane-polyglycol compound is preferred.
- polysiloxane-polyglycol compounds a polysiloxane-polyethylene glycol block copolymer is preferred, and its structural formula is as follows:
- the noble metal atom may account for any proportion of the weight of the protective agent.
- the mass ratio of the noble metal atom to the protective agent is preferably 0.001%-50%.
- a method for preparing a stable noble metal orphan atom material in a solution which is characterized in that the following steps are carried out: a block copolymer containing a siloxy group and a polyether group, a noble metal compound precursor, a reducing agent, and water are used. Mixing in a certain proportion; at -30-200 ° C, after 0.5-200 h of reaction, the reducing agent in the solution reduces the noble metal compound precursor to a monovalent noble metal mono atom, thereby obtaining a noble metal monoatomic solution which can exist stably;
- the ratio of the amount of the reducing agent to the precursor of the noble metal compound precursor ranges from 1.0 to 10 7 times.
- the ratio of the amount of the reducing agent and the water substance varies: 1:10 5 -30:1.
- the noble metal compound precursor accounts for any ratio of the weight of the protective agent.
- the noble metal compound precursor comprises: chloroplatinic acid, sodium chloroplatinate, potassium chloroplatinate, platinum chloride, platinum chloride, platinum chloride, platinum nitrate, 1,5-cyclooctadiene Platinum chloride, trichloro(ethylene)platinic acid, potassium tetraammine platinum, dinitrile phenyl dichloroplatinum, bis(triphenyl phosphite) platinum dichloride or tetrachloroplatinic acid One of the ammonium.
- the reducing agent is one of an alcohol compound, glucose, formic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, ascorbic acid, hydrazine hydrate or borohydride.
- the alcohol compound is one or a mixture of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol.
- the invention achieves for the first time the preparation of a noble metal atom in a reduced state in a solution phase. Compared with the synthesis of the metal material in the conventional solution phase, the formation of the metal nanoparticles is avoided, and a reduced-state orphan atom solution in the form of a single metal atom is obtained. Compared with the solid atomic material supported on the solid surface, it has high load capacity and good stability.
- 195 Pt NMR spectrum indicates: reduced state Platinum is formed by an atom.
- 195 Pt NMR of K 2 PtCl 6 is at 0 ppm
- peak of PtCl 4 2- is at -1617 ppm
- 195 Pt NMR peak of Pt orphaned atom is at -2680 ppm, and no nanoparticle of platinum nanoparticles is detected.
- the large displacement peak of the special displacement -35000ppm to 10000ppm, which means that H 2 PtCl 6 is completely reduced and Pt is formed by atoms, and no Pt nanoparticles are produced.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (12)
- 一种溶液中稳定的贵金属孤原子材料,其特征在于该材料由贵金属孤原子和保护剂组成。
- 按照权利要求1所述的一种溶液中稳定的贵金属孤原子材料,其特征在于所述的贵金属孤原子为铂系元素或后铂系元素;所述铂系元素为钯、铑、铱、钌、锇或铂;所述后铂系元素为银或金。
- 按照权利要求1所述的一种溶液中稳定的贵金属孤原子材料,其特征在于所述的的贵金属孤原子为铂;以铂元素原子质量为195的同位素的核磁信号在-2600和-2800ppm之间为主要特征。
- 按照权利要求1所述的一种溶液中稳定的贵金属孤原子材料,其特征在于所述的保护剂是含有硅氧基团以及亲水聚合物的嵌段共聚物。
- 按照权利要求1所述的一种溶液中稳定的贵金属孤原子材料,其特征在于所述的保护剂是含有硅氧基团以及聚醚基团的嵌段共聚物。
- 按照权利要求5所述的一种溶液中稳定的贵金属孤原子材料,其特征在于所述的含有硅氧基团以及聚醚基团的嵌段共聚物中优选聚硅氧烷-聚二醇类化合物。
- 按照权利要求1所述的一种溶液中稳定的贵金属孤原子材料,其特征在于所述的贵金属孤原子可占保护剂质量的任意比。
- 一种溶液中稳定的贵金属孤原子材料的制备方法,其特征在于按照以下步骤进行:将含有硅氧基团以及聚醚基团的嵌段共聚物,贵金属化合物前驱体,和还原剂、水按照一定比例充分混合;在-30-200℃下,反应0.5-200h得到贵金属孤原子,从而得到能够稳定存在的贵金属单原子溶液;所述的还原剂和贵金属化合物前驱体的物质的量比例变化范围为:1-107倍。所述的还原剂和水的物质的量比例变化范围为:1∶105-30∶1。
- 按照权利要求9所述一种溶液中稳定的贵金属孤原子材料的制备方法,其特征在于所述贵金属化合物前驱体包括:氯铂酸、氯铂酸钠、氯铂酸钾、氯化亚铂、氯化铂、二乙胺氯化铂、硝酸铂、1,5-环辛二烯二氯化铂、三氯·(乙烯)合铂酸钾、二氯四氨合铂、二腈苯基二氯合铂、二(亚磷酸三苯酯)二氯化铂或四氯铂酸铵中的一种。
- 按照权利要求9所述的一种溶液中稳定的贵金属孤原子材料的制备方法,其特征在于所述还原剂为醇类化合物、葡萄糖、甲酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、抗坏血酸、水合肼或硼氢化物中的一种。
- 按照权利要求11所述的一种溶液中稳定的贵金属孤原子材料的制备方法,其特征在于所述醇类化合物为甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇,异丁醇,仲丁醇,叔丁醇、乙二醇,丙三醇中的一种或几种混合物。
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JP2019524402A JP6928214B2 (ja) | 2016-11-11 | 2016-11-24 | 溶液中で安定的な貴金属孤立原子材料 |
KR1020197016691A KR20190091280A (ko) | 2016-11-11 | 2016-11-24 | 용액에서 안정한 단리된 귀금속 원자를 포함하는 물질 |
US16/349,178 US20190329225A1 (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2016-11-24 | Material comprising precious metal isolated atoms stable in solution |
CA3045346A CA3045346A1 (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2016-11-24 | A solution-stable isolated noble metal atoms material |
EP16921311.3A EP3539656A4 (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2016-11-24 | MATERIAL WITH PRECIOUS METAL ATOMS ISOLATED IN A SOLUTION |
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CN110465313A (zh) * | 2018-05-10 | 2019-11-19 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 含氯零价铂化合物及其制备方法与其在硅氢加成中的应用 |
CN111250725B (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-09-16 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种溶液中稳定的异核双金属原子材料的制备方法 |
CN111250692B (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-11-09 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种溶液中稳定的异核双金属原子材料 |
CN111496265B (zh) * | 2019-01-31 | 2022-09-27 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种在溶液中稳定的还原态贵金属孤原子材料和制备方法 |
CN114522681B (zh) * | 2020-11-23 | 2023-10-13 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种提高贵金属孤原子在氢气气氛中稳定性的方法 |
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EP3539656A1 (en) | 2019-09-18 |
CN108067631A (zh) | 2018-05-25 |
CA3045346A1 (en) | 2018-05-17 |
KR20190091280A (ko) | 2019-08-05 |
EP3539656A4 (en) | 2020-05-20 |
JP2020506285A (ja) | 2020-02-27 |
US20190329225A1 (en) | 2019-10-31 |
CN108067631B (zh) | 2019-11-08 |
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