WO2018079310A1 - エクソン20挿入変異型egfr選択的阻害剤 - Google Patents
エクソン20挿入変異型egfr選択的阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018079310A1 WO2018079310A1 PCT/JP2017/037186 JP2017037186W WO2018079310A1 WO 2018079310 A1 WO2018079310 A1 WO 2018079310A1 JP 2017037186 W JP2017037186 W JP 2017037186W WO 2018079310 A1 WO2018079310 A1 WO 2018079310A1
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- exon
- egfr
- amino
- quinolin
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antitumor agent for cancer having exon 20 insertion mutant epidermal growth factor receptor (Epidmal Growth Factor Receptor, hereinafter also referred to as “EGFR”).
- Epidmal Growth Factor Receptor epidermal growth factor receptor
- EGFR epidermal growth factor
- somatic mutation of the EGFR gene is known as a causative gene for cancer, for example, a deletion of amino acids 746 to 750 in the exon 19 region of EGFR (hereinafter also referred to as “exon 19 deletion mutation”) and A mutated amino acid 858 in the exon 21 region from leucine to arginine (hereinafter also referred to as “L858R mutation”) constitutively induces EGF-independent kinase activity and contributes to the growth and survival of cancer cells ( Non-patent document 2).
- These mutations are observed in East Asia, for example, in 30 to 50% of non-small cell lung cancer, and in Europe and the United States, it has been reported to be observed in about 10% of non-small cell lung cancer. It is considered as one of these (Non-Patent Document 3).
- an EGFR inhibitor as an antitumor agent has been actively carried out, and has been introduced for the treatment of EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer.
- gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib at therapeutic doses, develop skin abnormalities and gastrointestinal disorders that are widely attributed to inhibition of wild-type EGFR as side effects, while exon 19 deletion and L858R variants High antitumor effect against EGFR positive lung cancer.
- These therapeutic effects are thought to be due to the EGFR inhibitor selectively inhibiting mutant EGFR as compared to wild-type EGFR (Non-patent Document 4).
- Patent Document 1 describes a compound that can be used for the treatment of a disease characterized by exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR.
- the compound described in Document 1 has a structure that is greatly different from that of the compound according to the present invention, and does not disclose selectivity by comparison with wild-type EGFR and effectiveness in an in vivo model.
- Patent Document 2 describes a quinoline-substituted compound, but does not describe an inhibitory activity against exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR.
- An object of the present invention is an inhibitor having high selectivity for exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR, which is not sufficiently therapeutic effect with conventional EGFR inhibitors, and has reduced side effects due to inhibition of wild-type EGFR. It is to provide an antitumor agent.
- EGFR inhibitors that have been introduced in conventional treatments are wild-type EGFR and exon 20 insertions, in addition to the fact that exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR is appropriate as a therapeutic target for cancer. It was found that the selectivity between mutant EGFR was poor. In addition, it was confirmed that the specific compound exhibits selectivity for the exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR and a tumor growth inhibitory effect, and is superior to afatinib, which is a typical EGFR mutation-positive cancer therapeutic agent. It came to be completed.
- the present invention includes the following aspects.
- the compound is (S) -N- (4-amino-6-methyl-5- (quinolin-3-yl) -8,9-dihydropyrimido [5,4-b] indolizin-8-yl) acrylamide Item 2.
- Item 3. The antitumor according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the malignant tumor patient expressing EGFR having an exon 20 insertion mutation is a patient with lung cancer, breast cancer, head and neck cancer, brain tumor, uterine cancer, hematopoietic tumor, or skin cancer. Tumor agent.
- Item 4. The antitumor agent according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the malignant tumor patient expressing EGFR having an exon 20 insertion mutation is a lung cancer patient.
- Item 5 The antitumor agent according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the exon 20 insertion mutation is a mutation in which one or more amino acids are inserted into the exon 20 region.
- Item 6 The antitumor agent according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the exon 20 insertion mutation is a mutation in which 1 to 7 amino acids are inserted into the exon 20 region.
- Item 7. The antitumor agent according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the exon 20 insertion mutation is a mutation in which 1 to 4 amino acids are inserted into the exon 20 region.
- Item 8 Exon 20 insertion mutations, A763_Y764insFQEA, V769_D770insASV, D770_N771insSVD, D770_N771insNPG, D770_N771insG, D770> GY, N771_P772insN, P772_R773insPR, H773_V774insNPH, H773_V774insPH, H773_V774insAH, H773_V774insH, V774_C774insHV, or A761_E762insEAFQ, according to any one of claims 1 to 7 Antitumor agent.
- Item 9 The antitumor agent according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein the exon 20 insertion mutation is V769_D770insASV, D770_N771insSVD, D770_N771insG, H773_V774insNPH, H773_V774insPH.
- Item 10 An effective amount of (S) -N- (4-amino-6-methyl-5- (quinolin-3-yl) -8,9-dihydropyri in patients with malignant tumors expressing EGFR with an exon 20 insertion mutation Mid [5,4-b] indolizin-8-yl) acrylamide; (S) -N- (4-amino-6-methylene-5- (quinolin-3-yl) -7,8-dihydro-6H-pyrimido [5,4-b] pyrrolidin-7-yl) acrylamide; (S, E) -N- (4-Amino-6-methylene-5- (quinolin-3-yl) -7,8-dihydro-6H-pyrimido [5,4-b] pyrrolidin-7-yl)- 3-chloroacrylamide; and (R) -N- (4-amino-6-methyl-5- (quinolin-3-yl) -8,9-dihydropyrimi
- the antitumor agent according to the present invention exhibits high selectivity for exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR without inhibiting wild-type EGFR. Therefore, it has excellent therapeutic effect on malignant tumor patients expressing EGFR having exon 20 insertion mutation, in which the therapeutic effect is not sufficient with conventional EGFR inhibitors while reducing side effects caused by inhibiting wild-type EGFR. This is useful for providing an antitumor agent that exerts its effect.
- Conventional EGFR inhibitors have lower selectivity to exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR compared to wild-type EGFR, and therefore doses exhibiting an anti-tumor effect and side effects caused by wild-type EGFR (skin abnormalities, gastrointestinal tract) It was difficult to exert a sufficient therapeutic effect due to a small deviation from the dose at which disability occurred.
- the antitumor agent according to the present invention since the antitumor agent according to the present invention has high selectivity for exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR, it is possible to increase the dose without causing side effects caused by wild type EGFR. An excellent therapeutic effect can be exerted on a malignant tumor patient expressing EGFR having a mutation.
- Wild-type EGFR and exon 20 insertion mutants calculated from test results on cell growth inhibition of compound A, B, C, D, and comparative compounds, gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib against wild-type and mutant EGFR-expressing cell lines IC50 ratio with EGFR is shown.
- RTV relative tumor volume
- FIG. 2 shows body weights after grouping of tumors of mutant EGFR-expressing cell lines (H1975-EGFRinsSVD cells) subcutaneous transplant model mice for measuring the toxicity of Compound A.
- mold EGFR expression cell line (NIH3T3-EGFRinsNPH) subcutaneous transplant model mouse for measuring the toxicity of the compound A is shown.
- mold EGFR expression cell strain (NIH3T3-EGFRinsNPH) subcutaneous transplant model mouse for measuring the toxicity of the compound A is shown.
- the tumor volume in a mutant type EGFR-expressing cell line (H1975-EGFRinsSVD cell) subcutaneous transplant model rat for measuring the antitumor effect of Compound A is shown.
- FIG. 2 shows body weights after grouping of tumors of a mutant EGFR-expressing cell line (H1975-EGFRinsSVD cell) subcutaneous transplant model rat for measuring the toxicity of Compound A.
- FIG. The tumor volume in the V769_D770insASV mutant type
- mold EGFR positive lung cancer patient-derived tumor subcutaneous transplantation model mouse for measuring the toxicity of this invention compound A is shown.
- the amino acid sequence of wild-type EGFR (Wild-type EGFR) is shown (SEQ ID NO: 1).
- EGFR indicates a human epidermal growth factor receptor protein and is also referred to as ErbB-1 or HER1.
- wild-type EGFR refers to EGFR that has no somatic mutation, and is specifically a protein consisting of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 (GenBank accession number: NP — 005219.2). ).
- the “exon 20 insertion mutation” means one or more (preferably 1 to 7, more preferably 1 to 4) in the EGFR exon 20 region (amino acid sequence from 761 to 823 in SEQ ID NO: 1).
- the amino acid sequence FQEA phenylalanine, glutamine, glutamic acid, alanine in this order from the N-terminal side
- FQEA phenylalanine, glutamine, glutamic acid, alanine in this order from the N-terminal side
- Mutation (A763_Y764insFQEA), mutation in which amino acid sequence ASV (alanine, serine, valine in order from the N-terminal side) is inserted between 769 valine to 770 aspartic acid in exon 20 region (V769_D770insASV), 770 in exon 20 region No. 771 from aspartic acid Mutation (D770_N771insSVD) in which the amino acid sequence SVD (serine, valine, aspartic acid in this order from the N-terminal side) is inserted between the paragins, and the amino acid sequence NPG (NPN between the 770th aspartic acid and the 771th asparagine in the exon 20 region.
- ASV alanine, serine, valine in order from the N-terminal side
- Mutation in which asparagine, proline and glycine) are inserted in order from the last side, mutation in which amino acid G (glycine) is inserted between 770 aspartic acid to 771 asparagine in the exon 20 region (D770_N771insG), exon A mutation (D770> GY) in which the amino acid sequence GY (glycine, tyrosine) was inserted in place of the deletion of 770 aspartic acid in the 20 region, and 771 asparagine to 772 pro in the exon 20 region.
- V769_D770insASV a mutation in which the amino acid sequence ASV (alanine, serine, valine in order from the N-terminal side) is inserted between 769 valine to 770 aspartic acid in the exon 20 region, and 770 asparagine in the exon 20 region.
- a mutation in which the amino acid sequence SVD (serine, valine, aspartic acid in order from the N-terminal side) is inserted between the acid and the 771 asparagine, and the amino acid between the 770 aspartic acid and the 771 asparagine in the exon 20 region G (glycine) inserted mutation (D770_N771insG), amino acid sequence NPH (asparagine, proline, histidine in order from N-terminal side) was inserted between 773 histidine to 774 valine in exon 20 region Different (H773_V774insNPH), (proline in order from the N-terminal side, histidine) amino acid sequence PH between 774 No.
- valine 773 th histidine exon 20 region include insertion mutations (H773_V774insPH). Particularly preferably, a mutation (D770_N771insSVD) in which the amino acid sequence SVD (serine, valine, aspartic acid in order from the N-terminal side) is inserted between 770 aspartic acid to 771 asparagine in the exon 20 region, and 770 in the exon 20 region. Examples include a mutation (D770_N771insG) in which an amino acid G (glycine) is inserted between aspartic acid and No. 771 asparagine.
- a malignant tumor patient expressing EGFR having an exon 20 insertion mutation refers to a malignant tumor patient expressing an EGFR having an exon 20 insertion mutation in at least one of the exon 20 regions of EGFR.
- the EGFR may have an exon 20 insertion mutation at two or more different positions, but preferably has an exon 20 insertion mutation at one position.
- the EGFR can also have mutations other than the exon 20 insertion mutation (for example, exon 19 deletion mutation, L858R mutation, L790M mutation, etc.).
- a method for detecting that EGFR expressed in a malignant tumor patient has an exon 20 insertion mutation is not particularly limited as long as the mutation can be detected, and a known detection method can be used.
- a known detection method can be used.
- any of the genomic sequence of the EGFR gene, the transcript of the EGFR gene, or the EGFR protein can be detected.
- the sample used for detection of the exon 20 insertion mutation is not particularly limited as long as it is a biological sample derived from a malignant tumor patient, particularly a sample collected from a malignant tumor patient and containing malignant tumor cells.
- biological samples include body fluids (blood, urine, etc.), tissues, extracts thereof, and cultures of collected tissues.
- the collection method of a biological sample can be suitably selected according to the kind of biological sample.
- the biological sample is prepared by appropriate processing depending on the detection method.
- the reagent for example, reagent containing a primer or a probe
- the reagent used for detection can be adjusted by a commonly used method according to the detection method.
- a step of detecting that the EGFR expressed by the malignant tumor patient has an exon 20 insertion mutation can be performed prior to administration of an antitumor agent to a malignant tumor patient.
- the compounds A to D can be produced, for example, by the production method described in WO2015 / 025936A1 or the method shown in the examples. However, the production methods of the compounds A to D are not limited to these reaction examples.
- any isomers and mixtures are included in the compound of the present invention unless otherwise specified. Is done.
- compounds A to D have optical isomers, unless otherwise specified, racemates and optical isomers resolved from racemates are also included in the compounds of the present invention.
- the salts of the above compounds A to D mean pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and can include base addition salts and acid addition salts.
- the base addition salt examples include alkali metal salts such as sodium salt and potassium salt; alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salt and magnesium salt; ammonium salt; such as trimethylamine salt, triethylamine salt, dicyclohexylamine salt and ethanolamine.
- organic amine salts such as salts, diethanolamine salts, triethanolamine salts, procaine salts, and N, N′-dibenzylethylenediamine salts.
- the acid addition salt examples include inorganic acid salts such as hydrochloride, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate and perchlorate; for example, acetate, formate, maleate, fumarate, tartrate, citric acid Organic salts such as salts, ascorbates and trifluoroacetates; for example, sulfonates such as methanesulfonate, isethionate, benzenesulfonate and p-toluenesulfonate.
- inorganic acid salts such as hydrochloride, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate and perchlorate
- Organic salts such as salts, ascorbates and trifluoroacetates
- sulfonates such as methanesulfonate, isethionate, benzenesulfonate and p-toluenes
- the compounds A to D or salts thereof include prodrugs thereof.
- a prodrug is a compound that is converted into compounds A to D or a salt thereof by a reaction with an enzyme, gastric acid, or the like under physiological conditions in vivo, that is, the compound of the present invention or a salt thereof by enzymatically causing oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, etc. Or a compound that undergoes hydrolysis or the like due to gastric acid or the like and changes to compounds A to D or a salt thereof. It can also be converted to compounds AD or salts thereof under physiological conditions as described in Hirokawa Shoten 1990, “Drug Development”, Volume 7, Molecular Design, pages 163 to 198.
- the tumor to be the subject of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include head and neck cancer, digestive organ cancer (esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, duodenal cancer, liver cancer, biliary tract cancer (eg, gallbladder / bile duct cancer), pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer. Cancer (colon cancer, rectal cancer, etc.), lung cancer (non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, mesothelioma, etc.), breast cancer, genital cancer (ovarian cancer, uterine cancer (cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, etc.), etc.
- digestive organ cancer esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, duodenal cancer, liver cancer, biliary tract cancer (eg, gallbladder / bile duct cancer), pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer.
- Cancer colon cancer, rectal cancer, etc.
- lung cancer non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, mesothelioma, etc
- Urinary cancer renal cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, testicular tumor, etc.
- hematopoietic tumor leukemia, malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma, etc.
- bone / soft tissue tumor skin cancer, brain tumor and the like.
- lung cancer breast cancer, head and neck cancer, brain tumor, uterine cancer, hematopoietic tumor, or skin cancer.
- a pharmaceutical carrier can be blended as necessary, and various administration forms can be adopted depending on the purpose of prevention or treatment.
- the form may be any of oral preparations, injections, suppositories, ointments, patches and the like, and preferably oral preparations are employed.
- Each of these dosage forms can be produced by a conventional formulation method known to those skilled in the art.
- the pharmaceutical carrier various organic or inorganic carrier substances commonly used as pharmaceutical materials are used, and excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, coloring agents in solid preparations, solvents in liquid preparations, dissolution aids, It is blended as a suspending agent, isotonic agent, buffer, soothing agent and the like.
- formulation additives such as preservatives, antioxidants, colorants, sweeteners, stabilizers and the like can be used as necessary.
- an excipient When preparing a solid preparation for oral administration, an excipient, if necessary, a binder, a disintegrant, a lubricant, a coloring agent, a flavoring / flavoring agent, etc. are added to compounds A to D, followed by a conventional method. Tablets, coated tablets, granules, powders, capsules and the like can be produced.
- excipients include lactose, sucrose, D-mannitol, glucose, starch, calcium carbonate, kaolin, microcrystalline cellulose, and anhydrous silicic acid.
- binder examples include water, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, simple syrup, glucose solution, ⁇ -starch solution, gelatin solution, D-mannitol, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropyl starch, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, Shellac, calcium phosphate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples of the disintegrant include dry starch, sodium alginate, agar powder, sodium hydrogen carbonate, calcium carbonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, stearic acid monoglyceride, and lactose.
- Examples of the lubricant include purified talc, sodium stearate, magnesium stearate, borax, and polyethylene glycol.
- Examples of the colorant include titanium oxide and iron oxide.
- Examples of the flavoring / flavoring agent include sucrose, orange peel, citric acid, tartaric acid and the like.
- oral liquids, syrups, elixirs and the like can be produced by conventional methods by adding a flavoring agent, buffer, stabilizer, flavoring agent and the like to compounds A to D.
- the buffer examples include sodium citrate.
- the stabilizer examples include tragacanth, gum arabic, and gelatin.
- an enteric coating or a coating can be applied to the oral preparation by a known method for the purpose of sustaining the effect.
- examples of such a coating agent include hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, polyoxyethylene glycol, Tween 80 (trademark), and the like.
- Examples of the pH adjuster and buffer include sodium citrate, sodium acetate, sodium phosphate and the like.
- examples of the stabilizer include sodium pyrosulfite, EDTA, thioglycolic acid, thiolactic acid and the like.
- Examples of local anesthetics include procaine hydrochloride and lidocaine hydrochloride.
- isotonic agents include sodium chloride, glucose, D-mannitol, glycerin and the like.
- a compound carrier known to those skilled in the art such as polyethylene glycol, lanolin, cocoa butter, fatty acid triglyceride and the like, is added to an interface such as Tween 80 (trademark) if necessary. After adding an activator etc., it can manufacture by a conventional method.
- bases, stabilizers, wetting agents, preservatives and the like that are commonly used for compounds A to D are blended as necessary, and can be mixed and formulated by conventional methods.
- Examples of the base include liquid paraffin, white petrolatum, white beeswax, octyldodecyl alcohol, paraffin and the like.
- preservative examples include methyl paraoxybenzoate, ethyl paraoxybenzoate, propyl paraoxybenzoate, and the like.
- preparing a patch it can be produced by applying the ointment, cream, gel, paste or the like to a normal support by a conventional method.
- the support examples include woven or non-woven fabrics made of cotton, suf, chemical fibers, soft vinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyurethane and other films or foam sheets.
- the amount of the above-mentioned compounds A to D to be formulated in each dosage unit form is not constant depending on the symptoms of the patient to which this compound is applied, or depending on the dosage form, etc. Is preferably 0.05 to 1000 mg, 0.01 to 500 mg for injections, and 1 to 1000 mg for suppositories.
- the daily dose of the drug having the above dosage form varies depending on the patient's symptoms, body weight, age, sex, etc., and cannot be determined unconditionally, but is usually an adult (weight 50 kg) as the active ingredient compounds A to D.
- the dose may be 0.05 to 5000 mg, preferably 0.1 to 1000 mg per day, and is preferably administered once a day or divided into 2 to 3 times a day.
- the present invention also includes the step of administering an antitumor agent comprising an effective amount of a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds AD or a salt thereof to a malignant tumor patient expressing EGFR having an exon 20 insertion mutation.
- an antitumor agent comprising an effective amount of a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds AD or a salt thereof to a malignant tumor patient expressing EGFR having an exon 20 insertion mutation.
- the present invention provides a method for treating patients with malignant tumors.
- the present invention also provides a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds A to D or a salt thereof for treating a malignant tumor patient expressing EGFR having an exon 20 insertion mutation.
- the present invention also provides the use of a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds A to D or a salt thereof for treating a malignant tumor patient expressing EGFR having an exon 20 insertion mutation.
- the present invention also provides a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds A to D or a salt thereof for producing an antitumor agent for treating a malignant tumor patient expressing EGFR having an exon 20 insertion mutation. Provide use.
- the present invention also provides a method of chemotherapy using an antitumor agent comprising, as an active ingredient, a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds A to D or a salt thereof in a malignant tumor patient, comprising the following steps (1) to (2): How to predict treatment effects: (1) a step of detecting the presence or absence of a mutation in the EGFR gene contained in a biological sample collected from the patient; and (2) as a result of the detection in the above step (1), the EGFR gene has an exon 20 insertion mutation. And predicting that the chemotherapy for the patient is likely to have a sufficient therapeutic effect.
- the present invention also includes a method for treating a malignant tumor patient, comprising the following steps (1) to (3): (1) a step of detecting the presence or absence of a mutation in the EGFR gene contained in a biological sample collected from the patient; and (2) as a result of the detection in the above step (1), the EGFR gene has an exon 20 insertion mutation. Predicting that chemotherapy using an antitumor agent containing a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds A to D or a salt thereof for the patient is likely to have a sufficient therapeutic effect, and (3) A step of administering the antitumor agent to a patient who is predicted to have a high possibility that the chemotherapy has a sufficient therapeutic effect in the step (2).
- the base sequence of the EGFR gene is known.
- GenBank accession number of the cDNA base sequence is NM_005228.4.
- the “therapeutic effect” can be evaluated by the tumor shrinking effect, the recurrence suppressing effect, the life prolonging effect, etc., and the recurrence suppressing effect is an extension of the recurrence-free survival period and / or the improvement of the recurrence rate, It can be expressed by the degree of extension of the median of survival and / or progression-free survival.
- Chemotherapy using an anti-tumor agent containing Compound A or a salt thereof as an active ingredient indicates “sufficient therapeutic effect” by administering an anti-tumor agent containing Compound A or a salt thereof as an active ingredient Compared to the case of non-administration, it means an excellent therapeutic effect that significantly extends the survival period or significantly suppresses recurrence.
- test examples the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to test examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples (test examples).
- Test example 1 In vitro drug efficacy test Evaluation of cell growth inhibitory effect on wild-type and mutant EGFR-expressing cell lines (1)
- the inhibitory activity of the compound against wild-type EGFR and mutant EGFR was performed using Ba / F3 cells, which are mouse B lymphocyte progenitor cell lines into which the human EGFR gene was introduced.
- Ba / F3 cells are RPMI containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 U / mL penicillin / 100 ⁇ g / mL streptomycin (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and 1 ng / mL mouse interleukin-3 (mIL-3) (CST).
- Ba / F3 cells expressing wild-type EGFR (hereinafter also referred to as “Ba / F3-EGFR_WT”) showed mIL-3-independent growth in the presence of 50 ng / mL EGF (R & D Systems), and exon 20 inserted.
- Ba / F3 cells expressing mutant EGFR (hereinafter referred to as “Ba / F3-EGFRinsSV”, “Ba / F3-EGFRinsSVD”, “Ba / F3-EGFRinsG”, “Ba / F3-EGFRinsNPH”, “Ba / F3- (Also referred to as “EGFRinsPH”) showed mIL-3-independent growth in the absence of EGF.
- Ba / F3-EGFR_WT cells were suspended in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% FBS, 100 U / mL penicillin, 100 ⁇ g / mL streptomycin and 50 ng / mL EGF. Each well of a well flat bottom microplate was seeded so that the number of cells per well was 30,000.
- Ba / F3 cells expressing exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR were suspended in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% FBS, 100 U / mL penicillin, 100 ⁇ g / mL streptomycin, and the cell suspension was suspended in a 96-well flat bottom microplate.
- the number of cells after culture was measured using Cell Titer-Glo (trademark) Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (Promega) based on the protocol recommended by the manufacturer.
- the growth inhibition rate was calculated from the following formula, and the concentration (IC 50 ( ⁇ M)) of the test compound that inhibited by 50% was determined.
- IC 50 ratio IC 50 (WT) / IC 50 (ex20ins)
- compounds A to D show a cell growth inhibitory effect on the cell line expressing exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR, and the mutation selectivity is higher than that of comparative compounds, gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib. it was high.
- Test example 2 Cell growth inhibitory effect on wild type and mutant EGFR expressing human cell lines
- NCI-H1975 cell (hereinafter referred to as “H1975-EGFRinsSVD”) is a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line expressing D770_N771insSVD mutant EGFR by genetic modification.
- A431 cells a human epidermoid cancer cell line expressing wild type EGFR, were used.
- the H1975-EGFRinsSVD cells were obtained by combining the PB-CMV-MCS-EF1-RFP + Puro vector encoding D770_N771insSVD (insSVD) into the NCI-H1975 cells together with the Super PiggyBacTransposase expression vector using the Amaxa (TM) Cell Line K After introducing by puromycin (SIGMA), XTN (trademark) TALENs Site-Specific Nucleases (Transposagen) was introduced by electroporation with Amaxa (trademark) Cell Line Nucleofector (trademark) Kit R. EGFR (T790M / L858R) knocked out Cells were selected by the sequence.
- each cell was suspended in a medium recommended by ATCC.
- the cell suspension was seeded in each well of a 96-well flat bottom plate so that the number of cells per well was 3,000, and cultured at 37 ° C. in an incubator containing 5% carbon dioxide gas for 1 day.
- Compound A, comparative compound, gefitinib, erlotinib and afatinib were dissolved in DMSO, and the test compound was diluted with DMSO to a concentration 200 times the final concentration.
- a DMSO solution of the test compound is diluted with the medium used for suspending each cell, and this is added to each well of the cell culture plate so that the final concentration of DMSO is 0.5%.
- the number of cells at the start of culture (day 0) and after culture (day 3) was measured using CellTiter-Glo (trademark) Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (Promega) based on the protocol recommended by the manufacturer.
- the growth inhibition rate was calculated from the following equation, and the concentration (GI 50 ( ⁇ M)) of the test compound that inhibits 50% was determined. The results are shown in Table 1.
- GI 50 ratio GI 50 (A431) / GI 50 (H1975 EGFRinsSVD) GI 50 (A431): GI 50 against wild-type EGFR GI 50 (H1975 EGFRinsSVD): GI 50 against exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR.
- Compound A exhibits a cell growth inhibitory effect on the cell line expressing exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR, and the mutation selectivity is comparable to that of the comparative compounds, gefetinib, erlotinib, afatinib and osmeltinib It was expensive.
- Test example 3 Evaluation of phosphorylated EGFR inhibitory activity against wild-type and mutant EGFR-expressing cell lines
- A431 cells which are human epithelial cancer cell lines overexpressing wild-type EGFR
- H1975-EGFRinsSVD cells which are human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines expressing D770_N771insSVD mutant EGFR by genetic modification
- Each cell suspension was seeded in a 60 mm dish and cultured at 37 ° C. for 1 day in an incubator containing 5% carbon dioxide gas.
- Compound A was dissolved in DMSO, and the test compound was diluted with DMSO to a concentration 1000 times the final concentration.
- a DMSO solution of the test compound is diluted with the medium used for suspending each cell, and this is added to the cell culture dish so that the final concentration of DMSO is 0.1%, and an incubator containing 5% carbon dioxide gas is added. Cultured at 37 ° C for 6 hours. After culturing, the cells were collected and stored in a pellet state at ⁇ 80 ° C. until use. Add RIPA buffer (Thermo Fisher Scientific) with protease inhibitor cocktail (Thermo Fisher Scientific) to the pellet, extract intracellular proteins, and then use BCA protein assay kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific) The concentration was measured, and each sample was adjusted to a protein concentration suitable for phosphorylated EGFR expression measurement.
- RIPA buffer Thermo Fisher Scientific
- protease inhibitor cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific
- Phosphorylated EGFR expression measurement was performed using Simple Western (trademark) assay system (Protein Simple) based on the manufacturer's recommended protocol.
- Phospho-EGF Receptor Tyr1068 # 3777 (CST) was diluted 1:50 and used for measurement.
- a calibration curve of protein concentration (x axis) and phosphorylated EGFR expression level (y axis) was prepared for each cell, and the phosphorylated EGFR expression level of each sample was converted to protein concentration based on the calibration curve.
- the phosphorylated EGFR inhibition rate was calculated from the following formula, and the concentration (IC 50 ( ⁇ M)) of the test compound capable of inhibiting phosphorylated EGFR by 50% was determined.
- Phosphorylated EGFR inhibition rate (%) T / C ⁇ 100
- T Equivalent protein concentration of sample to which test compound was added
- C Equivalent protein concentration of sample to which test compound was not added
- IC 50 ratio IC 50 (A431) / IC 50 (H1975 EGFRinsSVD) IC 50 (A431): IC 50 against wild-type EGFR IC 50 (H1975 EGFRinsSVD): IC 50 against exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR.
- Test example 4 Evaluation of phosphorylated EGFR inhibitory activity against wild-type and mutant EGFR-expressing cell lines (2) The autophosphorylation inhibitory activity of the wild-type EGFR and mutant EGFR of the compound was carried out using NIH-3T3 cells, a mouse fibroblast cell line into which the human EGFR gene was introduced.
- NIH-3T3 cells are D-MEM (high glucose) medium containing 10% newborn calf serum (NBCS), 1,500 mg / L sodium bicarbonate, 100 U / mL penicillin / 100 ⁇ g / mL streptomycin (Thermo Fisher Scientific)
- NIH-3T3 cells expressing wild-type EGFR (hereinafter also referred to as “NIH3T3-EGFR_WT”) showed growth under 1% NBCS conditions and in the presence of 50 ng / mL EGF (R & D Systems), and exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR (Hereinafter also referred to as "NIH3T3-EGFRinsSV", “NIH3T3-EGFRinsSVD”, “NIH3T3-EGFRinsG”, “NIH3T3-EGFRinsNPH”, “NIH3T3-EGFRInsPH” and “NIH3T3-EGFRInsGF”) It showed growth in the absence.
- NIH3T3 cells into which human EGFR was introduced were suspended in the medium.
- the cell suspensions were seeded on 60 mm mm dishes or 6-well flat bottom plates, respectively, and cultured at 37 ° C. for 1 day in an incubator containing 5% carbon dioxide gas.
- Compound A was dissolved in DMSO, and the test compound was diluted with DMSO to a concentration 400 times the final concentration.
- the DMSO solution of the test compound was diluted with the medium used for suspending each cell, and this was added to the cell culture dish so that the final concentration of DMSO was 0.25%.
- EGF was added to a culture dish of NIH3T3-EGFR_WT cells to a final concentration of 50 ng / mL. All culture dishes were cultured at 37 ° C. for 6 hours in an incubator containing 5% carbon dioxide gas. After culturing, the cells were collected and stored in a pellet state at ⁇ 80 ° C. until use. Add RIPA buffer (Thermo Fisher Scientific) with protease inhibitor cocktail (Thermo Fisher Scientific) to the pellet, extract the protein in the cell, and then use BCA protein assay kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific) The concentration was measured, and each sample was adjusted to a protein concentration suitable for phosphorylated EGFR expression measurement.
- RIPA buffer Thermo Fisher Scientific
- protease inhibitor cocktail Thermo Fisher Scientific
- Phosphorylated EGFR expression was measured using a Simple Western (trademark) assay system (Protein Simple) based on the manufacturer's recommended protocol.
- Primary antibody Phospho-EGF Receptor (Tyr1068) # 3777 (CST) was diluted 1/50 and used for measurement.
- a calibration curve of protein concentration (x axis) and phosphorylated EGFR expression level (y axis) was created for each cell, and the phosphorylated EGFR expression level of each sample was converted to protein concentration based on the calibration curve.
- the phosphorylated EGFR inhibition rate was calculated from the following formula, and the concentration (IC 50 ( ⁇ M)) of the test compound capable of inhibiting phosphorylated EGFR by 50% was determined.
- Phosphorylated EGFR inhibition rate (%) T / C ⁇ 100
- T Equivalent protein concentration of sample to which test compound was added
- C Equivalent protein concentration of sample to which test compound was not added
- IC 50 ratio IC 50 (WT) / IC 50 (exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR)
- compounds A to D show a cell growth inhibitory effect accompanied by an EGFR inhibitory effect on a cell line expressing exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR.
- the selectivity was higher compared to the comparative compounds, gefetinib, erlotinib afatinib and osimertinib.
- Test Example 5 In vivo efficacy test Evaluation of anti-tumor effect using a mutant EGFR-expressing cell line subcutaneous transplant model NIH3T3-EGFRinsASV cells, NIH3T3-EGFRinsSVD cells or H1975-EGFRinsSVD cells introduced with human mutant EGFR were transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice, and tumors were alive wearing the when the tumor volume became about 100-200 mm 3 in nude mice, assignment 5-6 animals per group by randomization stratification so that the mean tumor volume of each group is uniform, compound a and AFATINIB was orally administered once daily for 14 days.
- the administration dose is 20 mg / kg / day of the maximum tolerated dose (maximum dose at which weight loss during the administration period is less than 20%) in 14 days, which is the administration period of this study, for afatinib, and 200 mg / kg for Compound A. kg / day (maximum tolerated dose) was used.
- the maximum tolerated dose was set from a humanitarian viewpoint according to “Guidelines Involving Experiential Neoplasma Proposals in Mice and Rats” by the National Cancer Institute (NCI).
- the relative tumor volume (relative tumor weight, hereinafter also referred to as “RTV”) with the tumor volume at the time of grouping being 1 as the tumor growth rate is as follows: Calculated according to the formula.
- the body weight was measured over time as an index of toxicity, and the average weight change rate (Body weight change, hereinafter referred to as “BWC (%)”) with respect to the grouping date was calculated according to the following formula.
- Figure 3-8 shows changes in the average values of RTV and BWC for each individual.
- RTV (tumor volume on the day of tumor volume measurement) / (tumor volume at the time of grouping)
- BWC (%) (body weight on body weight measurement day) / (body weight at the time of grouping).
- Compound A exhibited a marked antitumor effect against the exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR-expressing cell line transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice.
- the effect was higher than that of afatinib, and no severe weight loss, stool abnormalities, or skin abnormalities were observed in mice.
- Test Example 6 In vivo efficacy test Evaluation of Antitumor Effect Using Mutant EGFR-expressing Cell Line Subcutaneous Transplant Model NIH3T3-EGFRinsNPH cells into which human mutant EGFR was introduced were transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice. When the tumor volume of nude mice engrafted with tumors reached about 100-200 mm 3 , 6 mice were assigned to each group by random stratification so that the average tumor volume of each group was uniform. Afatinib was orally administered once daily for 10 days.
- the maximum tolerated dose 20 mg / kg / day of the maximum tolerated dose (maximum administration dose at which weight loss during the administration period is less than 20%) was used for afatinib, and 100 and 200 mg / kg / day were used for Compound A.
- the maximum tolerated dose was set from a humanitarian viewpoint according to the “Guidelines Involving Experiential Neoplasma Proposals in Mice and Rats” by the National Cancer Institute (NCI).
- the tumor volume of each individual (hereinafter also referred to as “TV”) was calculated according to the following formula.
- body weight was measured over time as an index of toxicity, and a weight change rate (Body weight change, hereinafter referred to as “BWC (%)”) with respect to the grouping date was calculated according to the following formula. Changes in the average values of TV and BWC for each individual are shown in Fig. 9-10.
- T / C (%) (tumor volume of test compound administration group) / (tumor volume of control group).
- Compound A of the present invention has a remarkable antitumor effect accompanied by tumor growth suppression or tumor regression on exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR-expressing cell line transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice. At that time, no significant weight loss was observed in the animals evaluated.
- Test Example 7 Evaluation of Antitumor Effect Using Mutant EGFR-expressing Cell Line Rat Subcutaneous Transplant Model H1975-EGFRinsSVD cells introduced with human mutant EGFR were transplanted subcutaneously into nude rats. When the tumor volume of the nude rats engrafted with tumors reached about 200-500 mm 3 , 6 mice were assigned to each group by random stratification so that the average of the tumor volumes of each group became uniform. It was orally administered once a day for 14 days.
- the doses used were 20 and 40 mg / kg / day, which were less than the maximum tolerated dose (maximum dose at which body weight loss during the administration period was less than 20%) over the administration period of this study for 14 days.
- the maximum tolerated dose was set from a humanitarian viewpoint according to “Guidelines Involving Experiential Neoplasma Proposals in Mice and Rats” by the National Cancer Institute (NCI).
- NCI National Cancer Institute
- the tumor volume of each individual hereinafter also referred to as “TV”) was calculated according to the following formula.
- T / C (%) (tumor volume of test compound administration group) / (tumor volume of control group).
- Compound A exhibits a marked antitumor effect with tumor growth suppression or tumor regression on exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR-expressing cell line implanted subcutaneously in nude rats, At that time, no serious weight loss was observed in the animals evaluated.
- Test Example 8 Evaluation of antitumor effect using mouse subcutaneous transplantation model of tumor derived from mutated EGFR positive lung cancer patient V769_D770insASV mutant EGFR positive human lung cancer patient-derived tumor LXF 2478 was transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice.
- the tumor volume of nude mice engrafted with tumors reached about 100-200 mm 3
- 8 mice were assigned to each group by random stratification so that the average of the tumor volumes of each group became uniform.
- Afatinib was orally administered once daily for 28 days, followed by a 2-week observation period.
- the maximum tolerated dose 20 mg / kg / day of the maximum tolerated dose (maximum administration dose at which weight loss during the administration period is less than 20%) was used for afatinib, and 100 and 200 mg / kg / day were used for Compound A.
- the maximum tolerated dose was set from a humanitarian viewpoint according to the “Guidelines Involving Experiential Neoplasma Proposals in Mice and Rats” by the National Cancer Institute (NCI).
- the relative tumor volume (relative tumor weight, hereinafter also referred to as “RTV”) with the tumor volume at the time of grouping as 1 as the growth rate of the tumor is shown below. Calculated according to the formula.
- body weight was measured over time as an index of toxicity, and a weight change rate (Body weight change, hereinafter referred to as “BWC (%)”) with respect to the grouping date was calculated according to the following formula.
- BWC Body weight change rate
- RTV (tumor volume on the day of tumor volume measurement) / (tumor volume at the time of grouping)
- BWC (%) (body weight on body weight measurement day) / (body weight at the time of grouping).
- T / C (%) (RTV of test compound administration group) / (RTV of control group).
- Compound A exhibited a marked antitumor effect with tumor regression on tumors derived from exon 20 insertion mutant EGFR-positive lung cancer patients implanted subcutaneously in nude mice. The effect persisted throughout the period. At that time, no serious weight loss was observed in the animals evaluated.
- H1975-EGFRins SVD-Luc strain was established in which Luciferase was introduced into H1975-EGFRinsSVD, a human mutant EGFR-introduced cell line.
- H1975-EGRainsSVD-Luc cells were transformed into NCI-H1975-EGFRinsSVD cells with the pJTI TM FAST DEST vector encoding Luciferase along with the pJTI TM PhiC31 Integrate Cell Line Nucle TM Cell Line Nucle TM After introduction by the perforation method, selection was performed with hygromycin B (Nacalai Tesque).
- an equal amount of Matrigel was added to a suspension of cultured H1975-EGFRinsSVD-Luc cells to prepare a cell suspension, which was then transplanted into the right lung of a nude mouse.
- Luciferin was administered to all mice surviving at 6 days after transplantation by tail vein, and 9 mice were assigned to each group by random stratification so that the average value of luminescence intensity of each group was uniform.
- a and afatinib were orally administered once a day every day.
- the maximum tolerated dose 20 mg / kg / day of the maximum tolerated dose (maximum dose at which weight loss during the administration period is less than 20%) was used for afatinib, and 100 and 200 mg / kg / day were used for Compound A.
- the maximum tolerated dose was set from a humanitarian viewpoint according to the “Guidelines Involving Experiential Neoplasma Proposals in Mice and Rats” by the National Cancer Institute (NCI).
- the survival time after transplantation was observed, and the survival days were determined for each mouse.
- the median survival time of each group (Media survival time, hereinafter also referred to as “MST”) is calculated from the obtained survival days, and the survival time extension effect (MST of the control group and the test compound administration group) is calculated using the following formula: Increase in life span (hereinafter also referred to as “ILS (%)”).
- ILS (%) Increase in life span
- body weight was measured over time as an index of toxicity
- BWC (%) weight change rate with respect to the grouping date was calculated according to the following formula.
- I. L. S. (%) (T / C-1) ⁇ 100 T: MST of test compound administration group C: Control group MST.
- BWC (%) (weight on weight measurement day) / (weight at the time of grouping).
- Compound A was determined to be effective when the MST of the test compound administration group was greater than the MST of the control group and showed a statistically significant difference (Wilcoxon test, p ⁇ 0.05). The results are shown in Table 8.
- Test Example 10 Evaluation of phosphorylated EGFR inhibitory activity in transplanted tumors and mouse skin tissues NIH3T3-EGFRinsSVD cells introduced with human mutant EGFR were transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice, and the tumor volume of the nude mice engrafted with tumors was about 250-500 mm 3 At that time, three mice were assigned to each group by random stratification so that the average tumor volume of each group was uniform, and Compound A and afatinib were orally administered once. After administration, tumors and skin tissues were collected at time points of 1 hour and 3 hours, which are around the time to reach the maximum blood concentrations of Compound A and afatinib, respectively.
- the collected tissue was snap-frozen using liquid nitrogen and stored at ⁇ 80 ° C. until use.
- Tumors and skin tissues were homogenized with RIPA buffer (Thermo Fisher Scientific) added with protease inhibitor cocktail (Thermo Fisher Scientific) to extract intracellular proteins, and then BCA protein assay kit (Thermo Thermo Scientific). (Fisher Scientific) was used to measure the protein concentration, and each sample was adjusted to a protein concentration suitable for phosphorylated EGFR expression measurement. Proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to a PDVF membrane.
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Abstract
Description
(S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)アクリルアミド(以下、「化合物B」とも称する);
(S,E)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)-3-クロロアクリルアミド(以下、「化合物C」とも称する);及び
(R)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)-N-メチルアクリルアミド(以下、「化合物D」とも称する)からなる群から選択される化合物又はその塩を含有する、エクソン20挿入変異を有するEGFRを発現している悪性腫瘍患者を治療するための抗腫瘍剤。
(S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)アクリルアミド;
(S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)アクリルアミド;
(S,E)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)-3-クロロアクリルアミド;及び
(R)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)-N-メチルアクリルアミド
からなる群から選択される化合物又はその塩を含む抗腫瘍剤を投与する工程を含む、悪性腫瘍患者の治療方法。
(S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)アクリルアミド;
(S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)アクリルアミド;
(S,E)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)-3-クロロアクリルアミド;及び
(R)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)-N-メチルアクリルアミド
からなる群から選択される化合物又はその塩。
(S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)アクリルアミド;
(S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)アクリルアミド;
(S,E)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)-3-クロロアクリルアミド;及び
(R)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)-N-メチルアクリルアミド
からなる群から選択される化合物又はその塩の使用。
本発明の対象となる腫瘍は特に制限はされないが、例えば、頭頚部癌、消化器癌(食道癌、胃癌、十二指腸癌、肝臓癌、胆道癌(胆嚢・胆管癌等)、膵臓癌、結腸直腸癌(結腸癌、直腸癌等)等)、肺癌(非小細胞肺癌、小細胞肺癌、中皮腫等)、乳癌、生殖器癌(卵巣癌、子宮癌(子宮頚癌、子宮体癌等)等)、泌尿器癌(腎癌、膀胱癌、前立腺癌、精巣腫瘍等)、造血器腫瘍(白血病、悪性リンパ腫、多発性骨髄腫等)、骨・軟部腫瘍、皮膚癌、脳腫瘍等が挙げられる。好ましくは、肺癌、乳癌、頭頸部癌、脳腫瘍、子宮癌、造血器腫瘍、又は皮膚癌である。
(1)当該患者から採取された生体試料に含まれるEGFR遺伝子の変異の有無を検出する工程、及び
(2)上記工程(1)における検出の結果、EGFR遺伝子がエクソン20挿入変異を有している場合、当該患者に対する当該化学療法が十分な治療効果を示す可能性が高いと予測する工程。
(1)当該患者から採取された生体試料に含まれるEGFR遺伝子の変異の有無を検出する工程、及び
(2)上記工程(1)における検出の結果、EGFR遺伝子がエクソン20挿入変異を有している場合、当該患者に対す化合物A~Dからなる群から選択される化合物又はその塩を含有する抗腫瘍剤を用いた化学療法が十分な治療効果を示す可能性が高いと予測する工程、及び
(3)上記工程(2)で当該化学療法が十分な治療効果を示す可能性が高いと予測された患者に、当該抗腫瘍剤を投与する工程。
In vitro 薬効試験
野生型及び変異型EGFR発現細胞株に対する細胞増殖抑制効果の評価(1)
化合物の野生型EGFR及び変異型EGFRに対する阻害活性は、ヒトEGFR遺伝子を導入したマウスBリンパ球前駆細胞株であるBa/F3細胞を用いて行った。Ba/F3細胞は10%ウシ胎児血清(FBS)、100U/mL ペニシリン/100μg/mL ストレプトマイシン(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック)及び1ng/mL マウスインターロイキン-3(mIL-3)(CST)を含むRPMI-1640培地(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック)にて維持し、ヒトEGFR遺伝子(野生型(WT)、V769_D770insASV(insASV)、D770_N771insSVD(insSVD)、D770_N771insG(insG)、H773_V774insNPH(insNPH)、H773_V774insPH(insPH))をコードしたPB-CMV-MCS-EF1-GFP+PuroベクターもしくはPB-CMV-MCS-EF1-RFP+PuroベクターをSuper PiggyBacTransposase発現ベクターと共にAmaxa(商標) Cell Line Nucleofector (商標) Kit Vによる電気穿孔法により導入した後ピューロマイシン(SIGMA)にて選択した。野生型EGFRを発現したBa/F3細胞(以下、「Ba/F3―EGFR_WT」とも称する)は50ng/mL EGF(R&Dシステムズ)存在下でmIL-3非依存的な増殖を示し、又エクソン20挿入変異型EGFRを発現したBa/F3細胞(以下、「Ba/F3-EGFRinsASV」、「Ba/F3-EGFRinsSVD」、「Ba/F3-EGFRinsG」、「Ba/F3-EGFRinsNPH」、「Ba/F3-EGFRinsPH」とも称する)はEGF非存在下でmIL-3非依存的な増殖を示した。
T:被検化合物を添加したウェルの発光強度
C:被検化合物を添加しなかったウェルの発光強度。
IC50(WT):野生型EGFRに対するIC50
IC50(ex20ins):エクソン20挿入変異型EGFRに対するIC50。
野生型及び変異型EGFR発現ヒト細胞株に対する細胞増殖抑制効果(2)
化合物の野生型EGFR及び変異型EGFRに対する阻害活性を評価するために、遺伝子改変によりD770_N771insSVD変異型EGFRを発現させたヒト肺腺癌細胞株であるNCI-H1975細胞(以下、「H1975-EGFRinsSVD」とも称する)、野生型EGFRを発現しているヒト類上皮癌細胞株であるA431細胞を使用した。H1975-EGFRinsSVD細胞は、NCI-H1975細胞にD770_N771insSVD(insSVD)をコードしたPB-CMV-MCS-EF1-RFP+PuroベクターをSuper PiggyBacTransposase発現ベクターと共にAmaxa(商標) Cell Line Nucleofector(商標) Kit Rによる電気穿孔法により導入した後ピューロマイシン(SIGMA)にて選択した後、XTN(商標) TALENs Site-Specific Nucleases(Transposagen)をAmaxa(商標) Cell Line Nucleofector(商標) Kit Rによる電気穿孔法により導入し、内在性EGFR(T790M/L858R)がノックアウトされた細胞をシーケンスにより選択した。
増殖率(%)=(Tday3-Cday0)/(Cday3-Cday0)×100
T:被検化合物を添加したウェルの発光強度
C:被験化合物を添加しなかったウェルの発光強度
day0:被験化合物を添加する日
day3:評価日。
増殖率(%)=(Tday3-Cday0)/(Cday0)×100
T:被検化合物を添加したウェルの発光強度
C:被験化合物を添加しなかったウェルの発光強度
day0:被験化合物を添加する日
day3:評価日。
GI50(A431):野生型EGFRに対するGI50
GI50(H1975 EGFRinsSVD):エクソン20挿入変異型EGFRに対するGI50。
野生型及び変異型EGFR発現細胞株に対するリン酸化EGFR阻害活性の評価(1)
野生型EGFRを過剰発現しているヒト類上皮癌細胞株であるA431細胞、遺伝子改変によりD770_N771insSVD変異型EGFRを発現しているヒト肺腺癌細胞株であるH1975-EGFRinsSVD細胞をそれぞれ培地中に懸濁させた。細胞懸濁液をそれぞれ60 mm ディッシュに播種し,5%炭酸ガス含有の培養器中37℃で1日培養した。化合物AをDMSOに溶解し、DMSOを用いて被検化合物を終濃度の1000倍の濃度になるように希釈した。被検化合物のDMSO溶液を各細胞の懸濁に用いた培地で希釈し、これを細胞の培養ディッシュにDMSOの最終濃度が0.1%になるように加え、5%炭酸ガス含有の培養器中37℃で6時間培養した。培養後、細胞を回収し、ペレットの状態で使用時まで-80℃で保管した。ペレットにプロテアーゼインヒビターカクテル(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック)を加えたRIPA バッファー(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック)を添加し細胞内のタンパク質を抽出後、BCAタンパク質アッセイキット(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック)を用いてタンパク質濃度を測定し、各サンプルをリン酸化EGFR発現測定に適したタンパク質濃度にそれぞれ調整した。リン酸化EGFR発現測定はSimple Western(商標)アッセイシステム(プロテインシンプル)を用いて、メーカー推奨のプロトコールに基づき行った。1次抗体はPhospho-EGF Receptor(Tyr1068)#3777(CST)を50分の1に希釈し、測定に用いた。
T:被検化合物を添加したサンプルのタンパク質濃度相当量
C:被検化合物を添加しなかったサンプルのタンパク質濃度相当量。
IC50(A431):野生型EGFRに対するIC50
IC50(H1975 EGFRinsSVD):エクソン20挿入変異型EGFRに対するIC50。
野生型及び変異型EGFR発現細胞株に対するリン酸化EGFR阻害活性の評価(2)
化合物の野生型EGFR及び変異型EGFRの自己リン酸化阻害活性は、ヒトEGFR遺伝子を導入したマウス線維芽細胞株であるNIH-3T3細胞を用いて行った。NIH-3T3細胞は10%ウシ新生児血清(NBCS)、1,500mg/L炭酸水素ナトリウム、100U/mL ペニシリン/100μg/mL ストレプトマイシン(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック)を含むD-MEM(高グルコース)培地(和光純薬)にて維持し、ヒトEGFR遺伝子(WT,insASV、insSVD、insG、insNPH、insPH)をコードしたPB-CMV-MCS-EF1-RFP+PuroベクターをSuper PiggyBacTransposase発現ベクターと共にAmaxa(商標) Cell Line Nucleofector(商標) Kit Rによる電気穿孔法により導入した後ピューロマイシン(SIGMA)にて選択した。野生型EGFRを発現したNIH-3T3細胞(以下、「NIH3T3-EGFR_WT」とも称する)は1%NBCS条件下かつ50ng/mL EGF(R&Dシステムズ)存在下で増殖を示し、又エクソン20挿入変異型EGFRを発現したNIH-3T3細胞(以下、「NIH3T3-EGFRinsASV」、「NIH3T3―EGFRinsSVD」、「NIH3T3-EGFRinsG」、「NIH3T3-EGFRinsNPH」、「NIH3T3-EGFRinsPH」とも称する)は1%NBCS条件下かつEGF非存在下で増殖を示した。
T:被検化合物を添加したサンプルのタンパク質濃度相当量
C:被検化合物を添加しなかったサンプルのタンパク質濃度相当量。
In vivo薬効試験
変異型EGFR発現細胞株皮下移植モデルを用いた抗腫瘍効果の評価
ヒト変異型EGFRを導入したNIH3T3-EGFRinsASV細胞、NIH3T3-EGFRinsSVD細胞もしくはH1975-EGFRinsSVD細胞をヌードマウスの皮下に移植し、腫瘍が生着したヌードマウスの腫瘍体積が100-200mm3程度になった時点で、各群の腫瘍体積の平均が均一になるよう無作為層別化により1群5-6匹を割付、化合物A及びアファチニブを14日間、1日1回連日経口投与した。
投与用量は、アファチニブでは本試験の投与期間である14日間での最大耐薬用量(投与期間中の体重減少が20%未満となる最大投与用量)の20mg/kg/dayを、化合物Aでは200mg/kg/day(最大耐薬用量)を使用した。なお、最大耐薬用量は、アメリカ国立がん研究所(NCI)による「Guidelines Involving Experimental Neoplasia Proposals in Mice and Rats」に従って人道的観点から設定した。
BWC(%)=(体重測定日の体重)/(群分け時の体重)。
In vivo薬効試験
変異型EGFR発現細胞株皮下移植モデルを用いた抗腫瘍効果の評価
ヒト変異型EGFRを導入したNIH3T3―EGFRinsNPH細胞をヌードマウスの皮下に移植した。腫瘍が生着したヌードマウスの腫瘍体積が100-200mm3程度になった時点で、各群の腫瘍体積の平均が均一になるよう無作為層別化により1群6匹を割付、化合物A及びアファチニブを10日間1日1回連日経口投与した。
BWC(%)=(体重測定日の体重)/(群分け時の体重)。
変異型EGFR発現細胞株ラット皮下移植モデルを用いた抗腫瘍効果の評価
ヒト変異型EGFRを導入したH1975―EGFRinsSVD細胞をヌードラットの皮下に移植した。腫瘍が生着したヌードラットの腫瘍体積が200-500mm3程度になった時点で、各群の腫瘍体積の平均が均一になるよう無作為層別化により1群6匹を割付、化合物Aを14日間1日1回連日経口投与した。
各被験化合物投与における腫瘍の経時的増殖推移の比較のため、各個体の腫瘍体積(以下、「TV」とも称する)を以下の式に従って算出した。また毒性の指標として経時的に体重を測定して群分け日に対する体重変化率(Body weight change,以下、「BWC(%)」とも称する)を以下の式に従って算出した。各個体のTV及びBWCの平均値の推移を図11-12に示す。
BWC(%)=(体重測定日の体重)/(群分け時の体重)。
変異型EGFR陽性肺癌患者由来腫瘍のマウス皮下移植モデルを用いた抗腫瘍効果の評価
V769_D770insASV変異型EGFR陽性ヒト肺癌患者由来腫瘍であるLXF 2478をヌードマウスの皮下に移植した。腫瘍が生着したヌードマウスの腫瘍体積が100-200mm3程度になった時点で、各群の腫瘍体積の平均が均一になるよう無作為層別化により1群8匹を割付、化合物A及びアファチニブを28日間1日1回連日経口投与した後、2週間の観察期間を設けた。
BWC(%)=(体重測定日の体重)/(群分け時の体重)。
変異型EGFR発現細胞株肺移植モデルを用いた延命効果の評価
ヒト変異型EGFR導入細胞株であるH1975-EGFRinsSVDにLuciferaseを導入したH1975―EGFRinsSVD―Luc株を樹立した。H1975―EGFRinsSVD―Luc細胞は、NCI-H1975―EGFRinsSVD細胞にLuciferaseをコードしたpJTI(商標)FAST DESTベクターをpJTI(商標)PhiC31 Integrase発現ベクターと共にAmaxa(商標) Cell Line Nucleofector(商標) Kit Rによる電気穿孔法により導入した後、ハイグロマイシンB(ナカライテスク株式会社)にて選択した。
T:被験化合物投与群のMST
C:コントロール群のMST。
移植腫瘍及びマウス皮膚組織におけるリン酸化EGFR阻害活性の評価
ヒト変異型EGFRを導入したNIH3T3-EGFRinsSVD細胞をヌードマウスの皮下に移植し、腫瘍が生着したヌードマウスの腫瘍体積が250-500mm3程度になった時点で、各群の腫瘍体積の平均が均一になるよう無作為層別化により1群3匹を割付け、化合物A及びアファチニブを単回経口投与した。投与後、化合物A及びアファチニブそれぞれの最高血中濃度到達時間付近である1時間及び3時間の時点で腫瘍並びに皮膚組織を採取した。採取した組織は液体窒素を用いて瞬間凍結し、使用時まで-80℃で保管した。腫瘍及び皮膚組織はプロテアーゼインヒビターカクテル(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック)を加えたRIPA バッファー(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック)を添加した状態でホモジナイズして細胞内のタンパク質を抽出した後、BCAタンパク質アッセイキット(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック)を用いてタンパク質濃度を測定し、各サンプルをリン酸化EGFR発現測定に適したタンパク質濃度にそれぞれ調整した。タンパク質はSDS-PAGEにより分離してPDVFメンブレンに転写した。ブロッキングした後、一次抗体であるPhospho-EGF Receptor(Tyr1068)#2234(CST)を0.1% TBS-Tバッファーで1000分の1に希釈し、4℃で一晩反応させた。その後二次抗体であるHRP標識抗ラビット抗体#NA9340V(GEヘルスケア)を0.1% TBS-Tバッファーで調製した5%スキムミルク溶液に2500分の1に希釈し、室温で40分反応させた。ECL-Prime(GEヘルスケア)で反応させた後、LAS-3000(GEヘルスケア)で検出した。
Claims (11)
- (S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)アクリルアミドl;
(S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)アクリルアミド;
(S,E)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)-3-クロロアクリルアミド;及び
(R)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)-N-メチルアクリルアミドからなる群から選択される化合物又はその塩を含有する、エクソン20挿入変異を有するEGFRを発現している悪性腫瘍患者を治療するための抗腫瘍剤。 - 化合物が、(S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)アクリルアミドである、請求項1に記載の抗腫瘍剤。
- エクソン20挿入変異を有するEGFRを発現している悪性腫瘍患者は、肺癌、乳癌、頭頸部癌、脳腫瘍、子宮癌、造血器腫瘍、又は皮膚癌の患者である、請求項1又は2に記載の抗腫瘍剤。
- エクソン20挿入変異を有するEGFRを発現している悪性腫瘍患者は、肺癌患者である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の抗腫瘍剤。
- エクソン20挿入変異が、エクソン20領域に1つ以上のアミノ酸が挿入された変異である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の抗腫瘍剤。
- エクソン20挿入変異が、エクソン20領域に1~7つのアミノ酸が挿入された変異である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の抗腫瘍剤。
- エクソン20挿入変異が、エクソン20領域に1~4つのアミノ酸が挿入された変異である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の抗腫瘍剤。
- エクソン20挿入変異が、V769_D770insASV、D770_N771insSVD、D770_N771insG、H773_V774insNPH、H773_V774insPHである、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の抗腫瘍剤。
- エクソン20挿入変異を有するEGFRを発現している悪性腫瘍患者に有効量の
(S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)アクリルアミド;
(S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)アクリルアミド;
(S,E)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)-3-クロロアクリルアミド;及び
(R)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)-N-メチルアクリルアミド
からなる群から選択される化合物又はその塩を投与する工程を含む、悪性腫瘍患者の治療方法。 - エクソン20挿入変異を有するEGFRを発現している悪性腫瘍患者を治療するための、
(S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)アクリルアミド;
(S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)アクリルアミド;
(S,E)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)-3-クロロアクリルアミド;及び
(R)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)-N-メチルアクリルアミド
からなる群から選択される化合物又はその塩。 - (S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)アクリルアミド;
(S)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)アクリルアミド;
(S,E)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチレン-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-7,8-ジヒドロ-6H-ピリミド[5,4-b]ピロリジン-7-イル)-3-クロロアクリルアミド;及び
(R)-N-(4-アミノ-6-メチル-5-(キノリン-3-イル)-8,9-ジヒドロピリミド[5,4-b]インドリジン-8-イル)-N-メチルアクリルアミド
からなる群から選択される化合物又はその塩の、エクソン20挿入変異を有するEGFRを発現している悪性腫瘍患者を治療するための医薬を製造するための使用。
Priority Applications (19)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IL266239A IL266239B2 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2017-10-13 | A selective inhibitor of EGFR with an EXON 20 insertion mutation |
SG11201903875QA SG11201903875QA (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2017-10-13 | Selective inhibitor of exon 20 insertion mutant egfr |
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JP2020503266A (ja) * | 2016-11-24 | 2020-01-30 | 中国科学院上海薬物研究所Shanghai Institute Of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | ピリミド[5,4−b]インドリジン又はピリミド[5,4−b]ピロリジン化合物、その製造方法及び用途 |
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CN113423403A (zh) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-09-21 | 大鹏药品工业株式会社 | 对l718和/或l792突变型治疗有抗性的egfr抑制剂 |
CN113861195A (zh) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-31 | 上海和誉生物医药科技有限公司 | 一种多稠环egfr抑制剂及其制备方法和应用 |
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CN116096372B (zh) * | 2020-07-09 | 2024-09-03 | 上海和誉生物医药科技有限公司 | 一种egfr抑制剂、其制备方法和在药学上的应用 |
WO2022055895A1 (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2022-03-17 | Cullinan Pearl Corp. | Treatment regimens for exon-20 insertion mutant egfr cancers |
WO2022121967A1 (zh) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-06-16 | 南京药石科技股份有限公司 | Egfr酪氨酸激酶抑制剂及其用途 |
PE20240327A1 (es) | 2021-04-13 | 2024-02-22 | Nuvalent Inc | Heterociclos con sustitucion amino para tratar canceres con mutaciones de egfr |
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