WO2018076816A1 - 绝缘电阻检测电路及方法 - Google Patents

绝缘电阻检测电路及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018076816A1
WO2018076816A1 PCT/CN2017/093208 CN2017093208W WO2018076816A1 WO 2018076816 A1 WO2018076816 A1 WO 2018076816A1 CN 2017093208 W CN2017093208 W CN 2017093208W WO 2018076816 A1 WO2018076816 A1 WO 2018076816A1
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Prior art keywords
branch
voltage
resistor
insulation resistance
switch
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PCT/CN2017/093208
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
乔宏冰
贾慧
华炎杰
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/025Measuring very high resistances, e.g. isolation resistances, i.e. megohm-meters

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  • the present application relates to the field of circuit technologies, and in particular, to an insulation resistance detecting circuit and method.
  • a system that powers an electric vehicle is composed of a battery and a battery management system, and the battery management system controls the operation of the battery.
  • the battery management system controls the operation of the battery.
  • an insulation resistance detecting circuit is designed in the system, and the resistance value of the insulation resistance is detected by the insulation resistance detecting circuit to determine whether the system has an insulation failure.
  • the insulation resistance detecting circuit in the prior art uses the method of detecting the positive insulation resistance circuit and the negative insulation resistance circuit respectively to determine the resistance values of the positive insulation resistance and the negative insulation resistance, and the resistance of the positive insulation resistance and the insulation resistance of the negative insulation. When the resistance is equal, the detection cannot be performed.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an insulation resistance detecting circuit and method, which are not affected by the resistance value of the positive insulation resistance and the resistance value of the negative insulation resistance, and improve the detection range of the insulation resistance.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an insulation resistance detecting circuit, including: a battery, a first branch, a second branch, a third branch, and a fourth branch;
  • a positive pole of the battery is connected to a first end of the first branch, and the first branch is provided with a first voltage output point;
  • a first switch is disposed in the second branch, and a first end of the second branch is connected to the first end of the first branch;
  • the second end of the first branch and the second end of the second branch are both grounded;
  • a cathode of the battery is connected to a first end of the third branch, and a third branch is provided with a second Voltage output point
  • a second switch is disposed in the fourth branch, and a first end of the fourth branch is connected to a first end of the third branch;
  • the second end of the third branch and the second end of the fourth branch are both grounded.
  • the first branch includes: a first resistor and a second resistor;
  • the first end of the first resistor is connected to the anode of the battery
  • the second end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the second resistor
  • the second end of the second resistor is grounded.
  • the first branch further includes: a third switch
  • the first end of the third switch is connected to the second end of the first resistor
  • the second end of the third switch is connected to the first end of the second resistor.
  • the second branch further includes: a first fixed value resistor
  • the first switch and the first fixed value resistor are connected in series.
  • the third branch includes: a third resistor and a fourth resistor;
  • the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the negative pole of the battery
  • the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the third resistor
  • the second end of the third resistor is grounded.
  • the resistance of the third resistor is equal to the resistance of the first resistor.
  • the fourth branch further includes: a second fixed value resistor
  • the second switch and the second fixed value resistor are connected in series.
  • the third branch further includes: a fourth switch
  • the first end of the fourth switch is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor
  • the second end of the fourth switch is connected to the first end of the third resistor.
  • the above circuit further includes: a positive electrode capacitor and a negative electrode capacitor;
  • the first end of the positive electrode capacitor is connected to the positive electrode of the battery
  • the first end of the negative capacitor is connected to the negative pole of the battery
  • the second end of the positive capacitor and the second end of the negative capacitor are both grounded.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an insulation resistance detecting method, and the application and the above insulation resistance detecting circuit include:
  • first voltage of the first branch is less than the first voltage of the third circuit, turning off the second switch; and collecting the second voltage of the second voltage output point to determine the second voltage of the third branch;
  • the first voltage of the third branch and the second voltage of the third branch are calculated, and the positive insulation resistance value and the negative insulation resistance value are calculated.
  • the insulation resistance detecting circuit and method provided by the embodiment of the present application by providing four branches in the insulation resistance detecting circuit, respectively being the first branch, the second branch, the third branch, and the fourth branch, first closing the first a road and a third branch, determining a voltage of the first branch according to a voltage of the first voltage output point in the first branch, and determining a third branch according to a voltage of the second voltage output point of the third branch Voltage, then compare the voltage of the first branch with the voltage of the third branch, control the closing of the second branch or the fourth branch according to the corresponding comparison result, and then calculate the positive insulation according to the circuit relationship before and after closing
  • the resistance of the resistor and the resistance of the negative insulation resistance can be simultaneously detected by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, and the resistance value of the positive insulation resistance and the resistance of the negative insulation resistance can be simultaneously detected, and the resistance value of the negative insulation is not affected.
  • the detection range of the insulation resistance is improved, the detection efficiency of the insulation resistance is improved, and the detection circuit in
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulation resistance detecting circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of an insulation resistance detecting circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is still another schematic structural diagram of an insulation resistance detecting circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of Embodiment 2 of an insulation resistance detecting method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulation resistance detecting circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the insulation resistance detecting circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application may include: a battery 1 and a first branch 2 . , the second branch 3, the third branch 4, the fourth branch 5.
  • the positive end of the battery 1 is connected to the first end of the first branch 2, and the first end of the second branch 3 is connected to the first end of the first branch 2.
  • the first branch 2 is provided with a first voltage output point 21
  • the second branch 3 is provided with a first switch 31, and the second end of the first branch 2 and the second end of the second branch 3 Both are grounded.
  • the negative terminal of the battery 1 is connected to the first end of the third branch 4, and the first end of the fourth branch 5 is connected to the first end of the third branch 4.
  • the third branch 4 is provided with a second voltage output point 41
  • the fourth branch 5 is provided with a second switch 51
  • the second end of the third branch 4 and the second end of the fourth branch 5 are both Ground.
  • FIG. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of an insulation resistance detecting circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first branch 2 may include: a first resistor 22 and a second resistor 23 . .
  • the first end of the first resistor 22 is connected to the positive pole of the battery 1
  • the second end of the first resistor 22 is connected to the first end of the second resistor 23, and the second end of the second resistor 23 is grounded.
  • the first voltage output point 21 may be a voltage across the first resistor 22 or a voltage across the second resistor 23 .
  • the first branch 2 may further include: a third switch 24.
  • the first end of the third switch 24 is connected to the second end of the first resistor 22, and the second end of the third switch 24 is connected to the first end of the second resistor 22, and the third switch 24 is connected to the first resistor 22
  • the second resistor 23 is closed in series with the second resistor 23, so that when the insulation resistance detection is required, the third switch 24 is turned off, and when the insulation resistance detection is not required, the third switch 24 is turned on, which improves the flexibility of use of the insulation resistance detecting circuit.
  • the second branch 3 may include a first fixed value resistor 32 in addition to the first switch 31. Specifically, the first switch 31 and the first fixed value resistor 32 are connected in series.
  • the resistance of the positive electrode insulation resistance is detected by the combination of the battery 1, the first branch 2, and the second branch 3.
  • the third branch 4 may include a third resistor 4 and a fourth resistor 43.
  • the first end of the fourth resistor 43 is connected to the negative pole of the battery 1
  • the second end of the fourth resistor 43 is connected to the first end of the third resistor 42
  • the second end of the third resistor 42 is grounded.
  • the second voltage output point 41 may be a voltage across the third resistor 42 or a voltage across the fourth resistor 43.
  • the third branch 3 may further include: a fourth switch 44.
  • the first end of the fourth switch 44 is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor 43
  • the second end of the fourth switch 44 is connected to the first end of the third resistor 42
  • the fourth switch 44 is connected to the third resistor 42 .
  • the fourth resistor 43 is connected in series such that when the insulation resistance detection is required, the fourth switch 44 is turned off, and when the insulation resistance detection is not required, the fourth switch 44 is turned on, which improves the flexibility of use of the insulation resistance detecting circuit.
  • the fourth branch 4 may include a second constant value resistor 52 in addition to the second switch 51. Specifically, the second switch 51 and the second fixed value resistor 52 are connected in series.
  • the detection of the resistance of the negative electrode insulation resistance is performed by the combination of the battery 1, the third branch 4, and the fourth branch 5.
  • the resistance of the first resistor and the resistance of the third resistor may be equal or unequal, and may be selected according to actual needs.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of still another possible structure of the insulation resistance detecting circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the insulation resistance detecting circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes: a positive electrode capacitor 6 and a negative capacitor 7 . .
  • the first end of the positive electrode capacitor 6 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 1
  • the first end of the negative electrode capacitor 7 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery 1
  • the second end of the positive electrode capacitor 6 and the second end of the negative electrode capacitor 7 are both grounded.
  • the insulation resistance detecting method in the second embodiment can be applied.
  • the insulation resistance detecting resistor is described.
  • the insulation resistance detecting circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the insulation resistance detecting process of the electric vehicle, and can also be applied to the insulation resistance detecting process in other fields.
  • the insulation resistance detecting circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided with four branches in the insulation resistance detecting circuit, which are respectively the first branch 2, the second branch 3, the third branch 4, and the fourth branch 5.
  • the first branch 2 and the third branch 4 are closed, and the voltage of the first branch 2 is determined according to the voltage of the first voltage output point 21 in the first branch 2, according to the second voltage output of the third branch 4.
  • the voltage of the point 41 determines the voltage of the third branch 4, then compares the voltage of the first branch 2 with the voltage of the third branch 4, and controls the second branch 3 or the fourth branch 5 according to the corresponding comparison result.
  • the resistance of the positive insulation resistance and the insulation resistance of the negative insulation resistance can be simultaneously detected.
  • the resistance value is not affected by the resistance values of the two, which improves the detection range of the insulation resistance, improves the detection efficiency of the insulation resistance, and avoids the detection circuit in the prior art, when the resistance of the positive insulation resistance and the negative electrode When the resistance values of the insulation resistances are equal, the problem of detection cannot be performed.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for detecting insulation resistance, as shown in FIG. 4 , which is an insulation resistance detecting method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method for detecting the insulation resistance provided by the embodiment of the present application may specifically include the following steps:
  • the first branch is configured to include a first resistor and a second resistor
  • the second branch includes a first constant resistor
  • the third circuit includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor
  • fourth A second fixed value resistor is included in the branch.
  • the first voltage output point is set to output the detected voltage Va of the first resistor
  • the resistance of the first resistor is R1
  • the resistance of the second resistor is R2
  • the second voltage output point is used to output the detected
  • the resistance of the third resistor is R3, and the resistance of the fourth resistor is R4. Therefore, collecting the first voltage of the first voltage output point is to collect the voltage Va across the first resistor, and collecting the first voltage of the second voltage output point is collecting the voltage Vd across the fourth resistor.
  • the first current of the first branch is set to I1
  • the first current of the third branch is I2
  • the first voltage of the first branch is Vp
  • the first voltage of the third branch is set to Vn.
  • I1 Va/R1
  • the first voltage Vp of the first branch is the sum of the voltage Va across the first resistor and the voltage across the second resistor.
  • step 203 Compare the first voltage of the first branch with the first voltage of the third branch. If the first voltage of the first branch is greater than or equal to the first voltage of the third circuit, perform step 204, if the first branch The first voltage is less than the first voltage of the third circuit, and step 205 is performed.
  • step 204 the number relationship between Vp and Vn is compared to determine the step of execution. If Vp ⁇ Vn, step 204 is performed, and if Vp ⁇ Vn, step 205 is performed.
  • step 204 Turn off the first switch, collect the second voltage of the first voltage output point, determine the second voltage of the first branch, and perform step 206.
  • step 207 Turn off the second switch, collect the second voltage of the second voltage output point, and determine the second voltage of the third branch, and perform step 207.
  • the resistance of the positive insulation resistance is set to Rp
  • the resistance of the negative insulation resistance is Rn.
  • the total resistance between the positive pole and the ground of the battery is Rp ⁇ (R1 + R2)
  • the total resistance between the negative pole of the battery and the ground is Rn ⁇ (R3 + R4).
  • the total resistance between the positive pole and the ground of the battery is Rp ⁇ R0 ⁇ (R1 + R2)
  • the total resistance between the negative pole of the battery and the ground is Rn ⁇ (R3 + R4).
  • the resistance of the positive insulation resistance is set to Rp
  • the resistance of the negative insulation resistance is Rn.
  • the total resistance between the positive pole and the ground of the battery is Rp ⁇ (R1 + R2)
  • the total resistance between the negative pole of the battery and the ground is Rn ⁇ (R3 + R4).
  • the second switch is turned off, the total resistance between the positive pole and the ground of the battery is Rp ⁇ (R1 + R2), and the total resistance between the negative pole of the battery and the ground is Rn ⁇ R0 ⁇ (R3 + R4).
  • the calculation manner in this step is the same as the calculation method in step 206, and details are not described herein again.
  • the insulation resistance detecting method provided by the embodiment of the present application, by setting four branches in the insulation resistance detecting circuit, respectively being the first branch, the second branch, the third branch, and the fourth branch, first closing the first branch
  • the road and the third branch determine the voltage of the first branch according to the voltage of the first voltage output point in the first branch, and determine the voltage of the third branch according to the voltage of the second voltage output point of the third branch, Then comparing the voltage of the first branch with the voltage of the third branch, controlling the closing of the second branch or the fourth branch according to the corresponding comparison result, and then calculating the positive insulation resistance according to the circuit relationship before and after closing
  • the resistance value of the resistance value and the insulation resistance of the negative electrode can be simultaneously detected by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application, and the resistance value of the insulation resistance of the positive electrode and the resistance value of the insulation resistance of the negative electrode can be simultaneously detected, and the resistance value of the negative resistance is not affected, and the resistance is improved.
  • the detection range of the insulation resistance improves the detection efficiency of
  • the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the program when executed, performs the steps including the various method embodiments described above;
  • the foregoing storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units illustrated as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, ie may be located in one place. Or it can be distributed to at least two network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement without deliberate labor.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
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Abstract

一种绝缘电阻检测电路及方法,所述绝缘电阻检测电路包括:电池(1)、第一支路(2)、第二支路(3)、第三支路(4)、第四支路(5),电池(1)的正极连接第一支路(2)的第一端,第一支路(2)设置有第一电压输出点(21),第二支路(3)中设置有第一开关(31),且第二支路(3)的第一端连接第一支路(2)的第一端,第一支路(2)的第二端和第二支路(3)的第二端均接地,电池(1)的负极连接第三支路(4)的第一端,第三支路(4)设置有第二电压输出点(41),第四支路(5)中设置有第二开关(51),且第四支路(5)的第一端连接第三支路(4)的第一端,第三支路(4)的第二端和第四支路(5)的第二端均接地。所述绝缘电阻检测电路提高了绝缘电阻的检测范围,提高了绝缘电阻的检测效率。

Description

绝缘电阻检测电路及方法 技术领域
本申请涉及电路技术领域,尤其涉及一种绝缘电阻检测电路及方法。
背景技术
在使用电能作为动力的电动汽车中,为电动汽车提供动力的系统由电池和电池管理系统等组成,其中,电池管理系统控制电池的运行。随着电池汽车的使用过程中,车内的环境的变化、外界气候的变化、线路老化等,会直接导致出现绝缘故障。
出现绝缘故障后,会使得系统的功能运行错误,例如信号装置出现错误信号、继电器装置误操作等情况。由于电池的电压较高,严重时还会对车内用户的生命安全构成威胁。因此,在系统中设计绝缘电阻检测电路,通过绝缘电阻检测电路检测绝缘电阻的阻值,进而判断系统是否出现绝缘故障。
现有技术中的绝缘电阻检测电路,采用对正极绝缘电阻电路、负极绝缘电阻电路分别检测的方式来确定正极绝缘电阻、负极绝缘电阻的阻值,当正极绝缘电阻的阻值与负极绝缘电阻的阻值相等时,无法进行检测。
申请内容
本申请实施例提供一种绝缘电阻检测电路及方法,不会受到正极绝缘电阻阻值与负极绝缘电阻阻值的影响,提高绝缘电阻检测范围。
本申请实施例提供一种绝缘电阻检测电路,包括:电池、第一支路、第二支路、第三支路、第四支路;
所述电池的正极连接所述第一支路的第一端,所述第一支路设置有第一电压输出点;
所述第二支路中设置有第一开关,且所述第二支路的第一端连接所述第一支路的第一端;
所述第一支路的第二端和所述第二支路的第二端均接地;
所述电池的负极连接所述第三支路的第一端,所述第三支路设置有第二 电压输出点;
所述第四支路中设置有第二开关,且所述第四支路的第一端连接所述第三支路的第一端;
所述第三支路的第二端和所述第四支路的第二端均接地。
进一步地,上述电路中,所述第一支路包括:第一电阻和第二电阻;
所述第一电阻的第一端连接所述电池的正极;
所述第一电阻的第二端连接所述第二电阻的第一端;
所述第二电阻的第二端接地。
进一步地,上述电路中,所述第一支路还包括:第三开关;
所述第三开关的第一端连接所述第一电阻的第二端;
所述第三开关的第二端连接所述第二电阻的第一端。
进一步地,上述电路中,所述第二支路还包括:第一定值电阻;
所述第一开关和所述第一定值电阻串联。
进一步地,上述电路中,所述第三支路包括:第三电阻和第四电阻;
所述第四电阻的第一端连接所述电池的负极;
所述第四电阻的第二端连接所述第三电阻的第一端;
所述第三电阻的第二端接地。
进一步地,上述电路中,所述第三电阻的阻值与所述第一电阻的阻值相等。
进一步地,上述电路中,所述第四支路还包括:第二定值电阻;
所述第二开关和所述第二定值电阻串联。
进一步地,上述电路中,所述第三支路还包括:第四开关;
所述第四开关的第一端连接所述第四电阻的第二端;
所述第四开关的第二端连接所述第三电阻的第一端。
进一步地,上述电路中,还包括:正极电容和负极电容;
所述正极电容的第一端连接所述电池的正极;
所述负极电容的第一端连接所述电池的负极;
所述正极电容的第二端和所述负极电容的第二端均接地。
本申请实施例还提供一种绝缘电阻检测方法,应用与上述绝缘电阻检测电路中,包括:
分别采集第一电压输出点的第一电压与第二电压输出点的第一电压;
根据所述第一电压输出点的第一电压确定第一支路的电压以及根据所述第二电压输出点的第一电压确定第三支路的第一电压;
比较第一支路的第一电压与第三支路的第一电压;
若所述第一支路的第一电压大于或者等于所述第三电路的第一电压,关闭第一开关,采集第一电压输出点的第二电压后确定第一支路的第二电压;根据所述第一支路的第一电压与第一支路的第二电压,计算正极绝缘阻值与负极绝缘阻值;
若所述第一支路的第一电压小于所述第三电路的第一电压,关闭第二开关;采集第二电压输出点的第二电压后确定第三支路的第二电压;根据所述第三支路的第一电压与第三支路的第二电压,计算正极绝缘阻值与负极绝缘阻值。
本申请实施例提供的绝缘电阻检测电路及方法,通过在绝缘电阻检测电路中设置四条支路,分别为第一支路、第二支路、第三支路以及第四支路,首先闭合第一支路与第三支路,根据第一支路中的第一电压输出点的电压确定第一支路的电压,根据第三支路的第二电压输出点的电压确定第三支路的电压,然后比较第一支路的电压与第三支路的电压,根据相应的比较结果来控制第二支路或第四支路的闭合,然后根据闭合前、闭合后的电路关系计算正极绝缘电阻的阻值和负极绝缘电阻的阻值,采用本申请实施例提供的技术方案,可以同时检测正极绝缘电阻的阻值和负极绝缘电阻的阻值,且不会受到二者阻值的影响,提高了绝缘电阻的检测范围,提高了绝缘电阻的检测效率,避免了现有技术中的检测电路,当正极绝缘电阻的阻值与负极绝缘电阻的阻值相等时,无法进行检测的问题的出现。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的绝缘电阻检测电路的一种可能的结构示意
图;
图2为本申请实施例提供的绝缘电阻检测电路的另一种可能的结构示意
图;
图3为本申请实施例提供的绝缘电阻检测电路的再一种可能的结构示意
图;
图4为本申请实施例提供的绝缘电阻检测方法实施例二的流程图。
附图标记:
1—电池
2—第一支路
21—第一电压输出点
22—第一电阻
23—第二电阻
24—第三开关
3—第二支路
31—第一开关
32—第一定值电阻
4—第三支路
41—第二电压输出点
42—第三电阻
43—第四电阻
44—第四开关
5—第四支路
51—第二开关
52—第二定值电阻
6—正极电容
7—负极电容
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本申 请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
实施例一
图1为本申请实施例提供的绝缘电阻检测电路的一种可能的结构示意图,如图1所示,本申请实施例提供的绝缘电阻检测电路中,可以包括:电池1、第一支路2、第二支路3、第三支路4、第四支路5。
如图1所示,电池1的正极连接第一支路2的第一端,第二支路3的第一端连接第一支路2的第一端。其中,第一支路2设置有第一电压输出点21,第二支路3中设置有第一开关31,以及,第一支路2的第二端和第二支路3的第二端均接地。
如图1所示,电池1的负极连接第三支路4的第一端,第四支路5的第一端连接第三支路4的第一端。其中,第三支路4设置有第二电压输出点41,第四支路5中设置有第二开关51,以及第三支路4的第二端和第四支路5的第二端均接地。
图2为本申请实施例提供的绝缘电阻检测电路的另一种可能的结构示意图,如图2所示,在该结构中,第一支路2可以包括:第一电阻22和第二电阻23。具体地,第一电阻22的第一端连接电池1的正极,第一电阻22的第二端连接第二电阻23的第一端,第二电阻23的第二端接地。其中,第一电压输出点21可以是第一电阻22两端的电压,也可以是第二电阻23两端的电压。
如图2所示,在该结构中,第一支路2中还可以包括:第三开关24。具体地,第三开关24的第一端连接第一电阻22的第二端,第三开关24的第二端连接第二电阻22的第一端,通过将第三开关24同第一电阻22与第二电阻23串联的方式,使得当需要进行绝缘电阻检测时,关闭第三开关24,当不需要进行绝缘电阻检测时,打开第三开关24,提高了绝缘电阻检测电路的使用灵活性。
如图2所示,在该结构中,第二支路3除了包括第一开关31外,还可以包括:第一定值电阻32。具体地,第一开关31和第一定值电阻32串联。
由此,在本申请实施例中,通过电池1、第一支路2、第二支路3的结合来进行正极绝缘电阻的阻值的检测。
如图2所示,在该结构中,第三支路4可以包括:第三电阻4和第四电阻43。具体地,第四电阻43的第一端连接电池1的负极,第四电阻43的第二端连接第三电阻42的第一端,第三电阻42的第二端接地。其中,第二电压输出点41可以是第三电阻42两端的电压,也可以是第四电阻43两端的电压。
如图2所示,在该结构中,第三支路3中还可以包括:第四开关44。具体地,第四开关44的第一端连接第四电阻43的第二端,第四开关44的第二端连接第三电阻42的第一端,通过将第四开关44同第三电阻42与第四电阻43串联的方式,使得当需要进行绝缘电阻检测时,关闭第四开关44,当不需要进行绝缘电阻检测时,打开第四开关44,提高了绝缘电阻检测电路的使用灵活性。
如图2所示,在该结构中,第四支路4除了包括第二开关51外,还可以包括:第二定值电阻52。具体地,第二开关51和第二定值电阻52串联。
由此,在本申请实施例中,通过电池1、第三支路4、第四支路5的结合来进行负极绝缘电阻的阻值的检测。
需要说明的是,在本申请实施例中,第一电阻的阻值与第三电阻的阻值即可以是相等的,也可以是不相等的,其可以根据实际需要进行选择。
图3为本申请实施例提供的绝缘电阻检测电路的再一种可能的结构示意图,如图3所示,本申请实施例提供的绝缘电阻检测电路中,还包括:正极电容6和负极电容7。具体地,正极电容6的第一端连接电池1的正极,负极电容7的第一端连接电池1的负极,正极电容6的第二端和负极电容7的第二端均接地。
此外,对于绝缘电阻检测电路的检测方法,可以应用实施例二中的绝缘电阻检测方法,在本申请实施例中,仅描述绝缘电阻检测电阻的结构。
需要说明的是,本申请实施例提供的绝缘电阻检测电路可以应用在电动汽车的绝缘电阻检测过程中,还可以应用在其他领域的绝缘电阻检测过程中。
本申请实施例提供的绝缘电阻检测电路,通过在绝缘电阻检测电路中设置四条支路,分别为第一支路2、第二支路3、第三支路4以及第四支路5, 首先闭合第一支路2与第三支路4,根据第一支路2中的第一电压输出点21的电压确定第一支路2的电压,根据第三支路4的第二电压输出点41的电压确定第三支路4的电压,然后比较第一支路2的电压与第三支路4的电压,根据相应的比较结果来控制第二支路3或第四支路5的闭合,然后根据闭合前、闭合后的电路关系计算正极绝缘电阻的阻值和负极绝缘电阻的阻值,采用本申请实施例提供的技术方案,可以同时检测正极绝缘电阻的阻值和负极绝缘电阻的阻值,且不会受到二者阻值的影响,提高了绝缘电阻的检测范围,提高了绝缘电阻的检测效率,避免了现有技术中的检测电路,当正极绝缘电阻的阻值与负极绝缘电阻的阻值相等时,无法进行检测的问题的出现。
实施例二
结合图1~图3所示结构及前述相关描述,本申请实施例在此还提供了一种绝缘电阻的检测方法,如图4所示,该图为本申请实施例提供的绝缘电阻检测方法实施例二的流程图,本申请实施例提供的绝缘电阻检测方法,具体可以包括如下步骤:
201、分别采集第一电压输出点的第一电压与第二电压输出点的第一电压。
在本申请实施例中,设定第一支路中包括第一电阻与第二电阻,第二支路中包括第一定值电阻,第三电路中包括第三电阻与第四电阻,第四支路中包括第二定值电阻。设定第一电压输出点用来输出检测到的第一电阻的电压Va,第一电阻的阻值为R1,第二电阻的阻值为R2,第二电压输出点用来输出检测到的第四电阻的电压Vb,第三电阻的阻值为R3,第四电阻的阻值为R4。所以,采集第一电压输出点的第一电压即为采集第一电阻两端的电压Va,采集第二电压输出点的第一电压即为采集第四电阻两端的电压Vd。
202、根据第一电压输出点的第一电压确定第一支路的第一电压以及根据第二电压输出点的第一电压确定第三支路的第一电压。
具体地,设定第一支路的第一电流为I1,第三支路的第一电流为I2,第一支路的第一电压为Vp,设定第三支路的第一电压为Vn。由于第一电阻R1的阻值是已知的,则根据欧姆定律,I1=Va/R1,第一支路的第一电压Vp为第一电阻两端的电压Va与第二电阻两端的电压之和,即Vp=I1*(R1+R2)=Va* (R1+R2)/R1。同理,Vn=I2*(R3+R4)=Vd*(R3+R4)/R4。
203、比较第一支路的第一电压与第三支路的第一电压,若第一支路的第一电压大于或者等于第三电路的第一电压,执行步骤204,若第一支路的第一电压小于第三电路的第一电压,执行步骤205。
具体地,比较Vp与Vn的数量关系来确定执行的步骤,若Vp≥Vn,则执行步骤204,若Vp<Vn,则执行步骤205。
204、关闭第一开关,采集第一电压输出点的第二电压后确定第一支路的第二电压,执行步骤206。
具体地,设定第三电路中包括第一定值电阻R0、第一电阻的第二电压为Va'、第一支路的第一电流为I1'、第一支路的第二电压为Vp',关闭第一开关后,第三支路连通,第三支路与第一支路形成并联电路,由于第一电阻R1的阻值是已知的,则根据欧姆定律,I1'=Va'/R1,第一支路的第二电压Vp'=I1'*(R1+R2)=Va'*(R1+R2)/R1。
205、关闭第二开关,采集第二电压输出点的第二电压后确定第三支路的第二电压,执行步骤207。
具体地,设定第四电路中包括第二定值电阻R0、第四电阻的第二电压为Vd'、第三支路的第二电流为I2'、第三支路的第二电压为Vn',关闭第er开关后,第四支路连通,第四支路与第三支路形成并联电路,由于第四电阻R4的阻值是已知的,则根据欧姆定律,I2'=Vd'/R4,第一支路的第二电压Vn'=I2'*(R3+R4)=Vd'*(R3+R4)/R4。
206、根据第一支路的第一电压与第一支路的第二电压,计算正极绝缘阻值与负极绝缘阻值。
具体地,设定正极绝缘电阻的阻值为Rp,负极绝缘电阻的阻值为Rn。关闭第一开关前,电池的正极与地之间的总阻值为Rp∪(R1+R2),电池的负极与地之间的总阻值为Rn∪(R3+R4)。关闭第一开关后,电池的正极与地之间的总阻值为Rp∪R0∪(R1+R2),电池的负极与地之间的总阻值为Rn∪(R3+R4)。
然后,根据欧姆定律可以进行计算,闭合第一开关前,Vp/[Rp∪(R1+R2)]=Vn/[Rn∪(R3+R4)],闭合第一开关后,Vp'/[Rp∪R0∪(R1+R2)]=Vn'/[Rn∪(R3+R4)]。计算得到Rp与Rn。
例如,当R0=600KΩ,R1=1530KΩ,R2=40KΩ,R3=1530KΩ,R4=20KΩ,计算得到Vp=100.0386V,Vn=99.96138V,比较Vp与Vn,得出Vp>Vn,关闭第一开关,然后计算得到Vp'=92.77326,Vn'=107.2267V,最后计算得出Rp=100KΩ,Rn=100KΩ。
207、根据第三支路的第一电压与第三支路的第二电压,计算正极绝缘阻值与负极绝缘阻值。
具体地,设定正极绝缘电阻的阻值为Rp,负极绝缘电阻的阻值为Rn。关闭第二开关前,电池的正极与地之间的总阻值为Rp∪(R1+R2),电池的负极与地之间的总阻值为Rn∪(R3+R4)。关闭第二开关后,电池的正极与地之间的总阻值为Rp∪(R1+R2),电池的负极与地之间的总阻值为Rn∪R0∪(R3+R4)。
然后,根据欧姆定律可以进行计算,闭合第一开关前,Vp/[Rp∪(R1+R2)]=Vn/[Rn∪(R3+R4)],闭合第一开关后,Vp/[Rp∪(R1+R2)]=Vn'/[Rn∪R0∪(R3+R4)]。计算得到Rp与Rn。
在本申请实施例中,本步骤中的计算方式与步骤206中的计算方式相同,此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供的绝缘电阻检测方法,通过在绝缘电阻检测电路中设置四条支路,分别为第一支路、第二支路、第三支路以及第四支路,首先闭合第一支路与第三支路,根据第一支路中的第一电压输出点的电压确定第一支路的电压,根据第三支路的第二电压输出点的电压确定第三支路的电压,然后比较第一支路的电压与第三支路的电压,根据相应的比较结果来控制第二支路或第四支路的闭合,然后根据闭合前、闭合后的电路关系计算正极绝缘电阻的阻值和负极绝缘电阻的阻值,采用本申请实施例提供的技术方案,可以同时检测正极绝缘电阻的阻值和负极绝缘电阻的阻值,且不会受到二者阻值的影响,提高了绝缘电阻的检测范围,提高了绝缘电阻的检测效率,避免了现有技术中的检测电路,当正极绝缘电阻的阻值与负极绝缘电阻的阻值相等时,无法进行检测的问题的出现。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解:实现上述各方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成。前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中。该程序在执行时,执行包括上述各方法实施例的步骤;而 前述的存储介质包括:ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的,其中作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到至少两个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性的劳动的情况下,即可以理解并实施。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并
不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种绝缘电阻检测电路,其特征在于,包括:电池、第一支路、第二支路、第三支路、第四支路;
    所述电池的正极连接所述第一支路的第一端,所述第一支路设置有第一电压输出点;
    所述第二支路中设置有第一开关,且所述第二支路的第一端连接所述第一支路的第一端;
    所述第一支路的第二端和所述第二支路的第二端均接地;
    所述电池的负极连接所述第三支路的第一端,所述第三支路设置有第二电压输出点;
    所述第四支路中设置有第二开关,且所述第四支路的第一端连接所述第三支路的第一端;
    所述第三支路的第二端和所述第四支路的第二端均接地。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电路,其特征在于,所述第一支路包括:第一电阻和第二电阻;
    所述第一电阻的第一端连接所述电池的正极;
    所述第一电阻的第二端连接所述第二电阻的第一端;
    所述第二电阻的第二端接地。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电路,其特征在于,所述第一支路还包括:第三开关;
    所述第三开关的第一端连接所述第一电阻的第二端;
    所述第三开关的第二端连接所述第二电阻的第一端。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电路,其特征在于,所述第二支路还包括:第一定值电阻;
    所述第一开关和所述第一定值电阻串联。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的电路,其特征在于,所述第三支路包括:第三电阻和第四电阻;
    所述第四电阻的第一端连接所述电池的负极;
    所述第四电阻的第二端连接所述第三电阻的第一端;
    所述第三电阻的第二端接地。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电路,其特征在于,所述第三电阻的阻值与所述第一电阻的阻值相等。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的电路,其特征在于,所述第四支路还包括:第二定值电阻;
    所述第二开关和所述第二定值电阻串联。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的电路,其特征在于,所述第三支路还包括:第四开关;
    所述第四开关的第一端连接所述第四电阻的第二端;
    所述第四开关的第二端连接所述第三电阻的第一端。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电路,其特征在于,还包括:正极电容和负极电容;
    所述正极电容的第一端连接所述电池的正极;
    所述负极电容的第一端连接所述电池的负极;
    所述正极电容的第二端和所述负极电容的第二端均接地。
  10. 一种绝缘电阻检测方法,应用于上述权利要求1-9中任一项所述的绝缘电阻检测电路,其特征在于,包括:
    分别采集第一电压输出点的第一电压与第二电压输出点的第一电压;
    根据所述第一电压输出点的第一电压确定第一支路的第一电压以及根据所述第二电压输出点的第一电压确定第三支路的第一电压;
    比较第一支路的第一电压与第三支路的第一电压;
    若所述第一支路的第一电压大于或者等于所述第三电路的第一电压,关闭第一开关,采集第一电压输出点的第二电压后确定第一支路的第二电压;根据所述第一支路的第一电压与所述第一支路的第二电压,计算正极绝缘阻值与负极绝缘阻值;
    若所述第一支路的第一电压小于所述第三电路的第一电压,关闭第二开关;采集第二电压输出点的第二电压后确定第三支路的第二电压;根据所述第三支路的第一电压与所述第三支路的第二电压,计算正极绝缘阻值与负极绝缘阻值。
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