WO2018072670A1 - 背散射辐射成像系统 - Google Patents

背散射辐射成像系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018072670A1
WO2018072670A1 PCT/CN2017/106346 CN2017106346W WO2018072670A1 WO 2018072670 A1 WO2018072670 A1 WO 2018072670A1 CN 2017106346 W CN2017106346 W CN 2017106346W WO 2018072670 A1 WO2018072670 A1 WO 2018072670A1
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Prior art keywords
centering
imaging device
backscatter
imaging
shield
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PCT/CN2017/106346
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹艳锋
王少锋
王彦华
胡晓伟
梁志超
毛晓燕
高超
Original Assignee
北京君和信达科技有限公司
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Application filed by 北京君和信达科技有限公司 filed Critical 北京君和信达科技有限公司
Publication of WO2018072670A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018072670A1/zh
Priority to SA519401567A priority Critical patent/SA519401567B1/ar

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
    • G01N23/203—Measuring back scattering

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of radiation imaging technology, and more particularly to a backscattered radiation imaging system.
  • all of the radiation imaging devices are mounted on a chassis vehicle, including a radiation source for emitting a radiation beam and a detector for receiving a scattered radiation signal of the object under inspection, both located The same side of the object being inspected.
  • the backscatter inspection system can perform a covert check on the suspicious target during driving.
  • the inspected area is not a fixed area, and the frequency of working in a certain area is small and the time is short, it is not required.
  • Providing a shielding device on the other side of the object to be inspected also ensures the safety of the surrounding personnel.
  • the backscatter inspection system can be used in a temporarily selected location (such as a highway bayonet assault check or an important meeting place entrance check) according to the mission requirements, for vehicles or personnel passing through the normal driving. Security check.
  • a temporarily selected location such as a highway bayonet assault check or an important meeting place entrance check
  • the shielding beam must be shielded from the beam position on the other side of the object to be inspected to ensure the safety of the surrounding personnel.
  • all the imaging devices of the mobile backscattering device are located on the side of the object to be inspected, and the concealed inspection is a prominent advantage. Therefore, it is not convenient to provide a shielding device connected to the system on the other side of the object to be inspected, and only temporarily on the other side.
  • the shielding device is provided, but for temporarily selected workplaces, especially where the work location is often uncertain, it is difficult to set the shielding device quickly and efficiently.
  • a backscattered radiation imaging system comprising: a backscatter imaging device for performing backscattered radiation imaging of an object to be detected in a detection area; a shielding body using a radiation shielding material Made of a movable structure suitable for backscatter imaging
  • the devices are respectively disposed on both sides of the detection area; and the centering detecting device, including the transmitting portion and the receiving portion, are respectively disposed on the shielding body and the backscatter imaging device, wherein the transmitting portion or the receiving portion disposed on the backscatter imaging device is located
  • the backscatter imaging device emits a centering detection signal in a predetermined direction, wherein the transmitting portion transmits a centering detection signal to a predetermined direction, wherein when the receiving portion receives the centering detection signal or receives the centering detection signal, the intensity is greater than a predetermined intensity threshold,
  • the scatter imaging device emits a centering signal.
  • the emitting portion is disposed on the backscatter imaging device, the predetermined direction is within the imaging beam scanning plane of the backscatter imaging device; or the emitting portion is disposed on the shield, the predetermined direction being the normal direction of the shield surface or the shield The angle between the normal directions of the surface is less than 30°.
  • the transmitting portion is a transmitting device that emits an imaging beam of the backscatter imaging device, and the centering beam emitted by the transmitting device in a predetermined direction is used as a centering detecting signal, and the receiving portion is disposed on the shielding body for receiving the centering
  • the detection signal sends a centering signal to the backscatter imaging device when the centering detection signal strength received by the receiving portion is greater than a predetermined intensity threshold.
  • the intensity of the centering beam emitted by the transmitting device is weaker than the beam of imaging.
  • the transmitting portion is an optical signal transmitter
  • the receiving portion is an optical signal sensor, and when the receiving portion receives the centering detecting signal, the centering signal is sent to the backscatter imaging device.
  • the emitting portion or the receiving portion disposed on the shield is located at a central position of the shield; and/or the receiving portion or the emitting portion disposed on the backscatter imaging device is configured to receive or emit an imaging ray of the backscatter imaging device The centering detection signal in the beam scanning plane.
  • the backscatter imaging device is allowed to emit an imaging beam of rays in response to the centering signal.
  • the backscattered radiation imaging system may further include: an object monitoring device configured to monitor whether the object to be detected enters the detection area, and in the case that the object monitoring device detects that the object to be detected enters or is about to enter the detection area, the transmitting unit emits a pair. Medium detection signal.
  • the backscatter imaging device begins to emit an imaging beam when the object monitoring device detects that the object to be detected enters the detection region and the backscatter imaging device receives the received centering signal.
  • the backscatter imaging device stops emitting the imaging beam when the receiving portion receives the centering detection signal.
  • the centering detecting means may include a plurality of transmitting portions or a plurality of receiving portions, when the centering detecting signals transmitted by the plurality of transmitting portions are all received, or the plurality of receiving portions receive the centering detecting signals
  • the alignment signal is sent to the backscatter imaging device.
  • the backscattered radiation imaging system may further comprise: an alerting device for transmitting a centering detection signal at the transmitting portion, and an alerting when the centering detecting device does not emit a centering signal.
  • the backscattered radiation imaging system of the present invention employs a mobile mounted shield while detecting whether the shield is correctly and efficiently mounted by a centering detecting device (whether or not it is scanned with the imaging beam of the backscatter imaging device) , greatly improve the deployment speed and radiation safety of the backscattered radiation imaging system during fixed work.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a backscattered radiation imaging system according to an embodiment of the present invention in a specific working scenario.
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view and a front view of a shield in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a side view and a front view of a shield according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the backscatter imaging apparatus When the backscatter imaging apparatus performs radiation imaging on the object to be detected, if the shield is not provided, or the shield is not aligned with the backscatter imaging device, the image beam emitted by the backscatter imaging device is transmitted through the object to be detected, thereby The person on the other side of the object to be inspected is exposed to excessive radiation.
  • the backscatter imaging device is a vehicle-mounted mobile backscatter imaging device, it is often necessary to change the deployment location according to the task situation, and it is necessary to frequently disassemble and install the shield.
  • the present invention proposes a backscattered radiation imaging system capable of quickly and accurately mounting a shield.
  • the backscattered radiation imaging system of the present invention mainly comprises three parts: a backscatter imaging device, a shielding body and a centering detecting device.
  • the backscattered radiation imaging system of the present invention will be described below with reference to specific embodiments. The structure and working principle of each part are further explained in detail.
  • the backscatter imaging apparatus 10 can be integrated on a movable device, for example, can be integrated on a vehicle.
  • the backscatter imaging device 10 may include a radiation device and a detecting device.
  • the radiation device can be constituted by a radiation source 11 and a beam current modulation device 12.
  • the radiation signal emitted by the radiation source 11, under the modulation of the beam modulating device 12, can form a pencil beam of radiation that changes position over time.
  • the radiation source 11 can adopt a 225 kV X-ray tube, which can be shielded by lead or tungsten material, and a collimator can be disposed in the radiation direction, and the collimator can restrain the X-ray beam radiated by the radiation source 11 at a height.
  • the beam modulating device 12 can be any device that can form a beam spot scanned in the height direction of the object to be inspected, such as a flywheel or a drum with pairs of incident and exit spiral grooves, and the like.
  • a rear collimator 13 can be provided on the side of the beam current modulation device 12 remote from the radiation source 11.
  • the rear collimator 13 may be made of a shielding material such as tungsten, lead or steel, and the rear collimator 13 has a slit in the height direction of the beam emitted from the beam modulating device 12, and a slit of the rear collimator 13.
  • the center plane is coplanar with the scanning surface of the beam of rays emerging from the beam modulating device 12.
  • the 15 is an imaging beam formed by the beam modulating device 12 for backscattering scanning of an object, the imaging beam forming a beam of images for the pen, which can be scanned in the height direction.
  • the detection device can be formed by two detectors 14 respectively located on either side of the radiation device.
  • a plurality of detectors 14 may also be provided, and the plurality of detectors may be symmetrically disposed on both sides of the radiation device, or may be asymmetrically arranged according to actual space conditions.
  • the detector 14 may be any detector suitable for detecting scattered signals scattered by the object to be detected, preferably consisting of a plastic scintillator, a photomultiplier tube and corresponding signal processing and transmission electronics.
  • the area shown by 30 is a detection channel (ie, the detection area mentioned above), through which the object to be detected can pass, and the backscatter imaging device 10 can detect the object to be detected through the detection channel.
  • the object to be detected in the area is subjected to backscattered radiation imaging.
  • the backscatter imaging device 10 may be stationary, and the object to be detected is at a certain speed (may The image beam 14 emerging from the backscatter imaging device 10 can scan the height of the object to be detected through the detection channel 30, and the scanned portion of the object to be detected is scanned. A certain number of scattered ray beams are scattered, wherein a scattered ray beam having a scattering angle between 90° and 180° is detected by the detector 14 on the scatter imaging device 10, and the detector 14 can receive the scattered ray The intensity of the beam is converted into a scatter image. Thereby, the backscattered radiation imaging of the object to be detected can be completed.
  • backscatter imaging apparatus 10 of the present invention may also use other well-known techniques not described herein, such as mounting speed detecting means to achieve geometric correction under different vehicle speed conditions.
  • the shield 16 is a movable structure made of a radiation shielding material disposed on a side of the detection passage 30 remote from the backscatter imaging apparatus 10.
  • the shielding material of the shielding body 16 can be selected according to the type of the radiation signal radiated by the backscatter imaging device 10.
  • the shielding material for the X or gamma radiation type, tungsten, lead, steel, concrete, or the like can be used as the shielding material.
  • the intermediate portion of the shield 16 may have a wider width than the width of the imaging beam 15 to cover the imaging beam 15 with a thicker main shield.
  • a sub-shield other than the sub-shield can be used to shield stray radiation that is much lower than the intensity of the imaging beam 15, so the thickness of the sub-shield can be greatly reduced.
  • the shield 16 may include a main shield having a strong shielding capability and a sub shield having a weak shielding capability.
  • the middle portion of the shielding body 16 can be used as the main shielding body
  • the main shielding body can be made of a thick shielding material
  • the area outside the middle portion of the shielding body 16 can be used as the auxiliary shielding body
  • the auxiliary shielding body can be used for the thin shielding. Made of materials.
  • the shield 16 can be stored and fixed on the backscatter imaging device 10, transported along with the backscatter imaging device 10, and can employ well-known techniques to simplify disassembly and assembly and facilitate movement and fixation.
  • the centering detecting device includes a transmitting portion and a receiving portion.
  • the emitting portion may be disposed on the backscatter imaging device 10, or the receiving portion may be disposed on the backscatter imaging device 10.
  • the receiving portion In the launch section On the backscatter imaging device 10, the receiving portion is disposed on the shield 16, and when the receiving portion is disposed on the backscatter imaging device 10, the emitting portion is disposed on the shield 16.
  • the centering is primarily to align the shield 16 (preferably the intermediate position of the shield 16) with the position of the backscatter imaging device 10 that emits the imaging beam. Therefore, the emitting portion or the receiving portion provided on the backscatter imaging device 10 may preferably be located near the position at which the backscatter imaging device 10 emits the imaging beam, and the emitting portion or receiving portion disposed on the shield 16 may also preferably be located The center position of the shield 16.
  • the transmitting portion may transmit a centering detection signal in a predetermined direction.
  • the emitting portion when the emitting portion is disposed on the backscatter imaging device 10, the emitting portion may emit a centering detecting signal along a propagation direction of the imaging beam emitted by the backscatter imaging device 10, and at this time, the predetermined direction may be in backscatter imaging.
  • the imaging beam of device 10 is scanned within the plane.
  • the imaging beam scanning surface is the propagation surface of the imaging beam (scanning beam) emitted from the backscatter imaging device 10.
  • the transmitting portion When the emitting portion is disposed on the shielding body 16, the transmitting portion may emit a centering detection signal along a direction perpendicular to the shielding surface of the shielding body 16.
  • the predetermined direction may be the normal direction of the surface of the shielding body 16, or The angle with the normal direction of the surface of the shield 16 is less than 30°.
  • FIGS 2 and 3 are schematic views showing the structure of the shield in two cases.
  • the left side of Figure 2 and Figure 3 is the side view of the shield, and the right side is the front view of the shield.
  • one transmitting portion 20 may be disposed at a center position of the shield 16, or two transmitting portions 20 may be symmetrically disposed on the shield 16 along a center line.
  • the transmitting portion 20 may emit a centering detection signal along the normal direction of the surface of the shield 16, or may emit at a certain angle with the normal light, for example, may be emitted at an angle of 30°.
  • the receiving unit When the receiving unit receives the centering signal transmitted by the transmitting unit (or the intensity of the received centering signal is greater than a predetermined threshold), it can be determined that the shield 16 has been aligned with the backscatter imaging device 10, and the backscatter imaging device 10 can be The centering signal is transmitted.
  • the transmitting portion and the receiving portion in the centering detecting device may be a set of independent transmitting and receiving systems, or may be constituted by a part of the structure of the backscattering imaging device 10.
  • the emitting portion in the centering detecting device may be a radiating device in the backscatter imaging device 10.
  • the receiving portion of the centering detecting device may be constituted by a receiving device mounted on the shield 16.
  • the receiving device may be a radiation detector.
  • the shielding body 16 is judged to be centered with the imaging beam 15 to send a centering signal to the backscatter imaging device 10, allowing The backscatter imaging device 10 emits an imaging beam; instead, If the radiation intensity signal received by the control device is lower than the set value, it is judged that the shield 16 and the imaging beam 15 are not centered, and the backscatter imaging device 10 is prohibited from emitting the imaging beam.
  • the centering beam having a weaker intensity than the imaging beam can be emitted as the centering detection signal. That is to say, the beam emitted by the backscatter imaging device 10 can be used as an imaging beam for radiation imaging of an object to be detected, or as a centering beam for centering detection. Further, when used for centering detection, it is preferable to emit a beam of weak intensity.
  • the centering signal here may be sent by the receiving device or by other unit modules.
  • a control device provided on the shield 16, and the control device can form a centering signal according to the signal received by the receiving device.
  • the radiation detector in the centering detecting device can be installed at the center position of the movable shield 16.
  • the radiation detector may be any known detection technique suitable for detecting an imaging beam, and the output radiation intensity signal may be an analog quantity or an AD-converted digital quantity.
  • the transmitting portion of the centering detecting device may be an optical signal transmitter such as an infrared emitter, and the receiving portion of the center detecting device may be a corresponding optical signal receiver.
  • the optical signal emitter when the optical signal emitter is disposed on the backscatter imaging device 10, it is necessary to ensure that the optical signal emitted by the optical signal emitter is within the imaging beam scanning plane of the backscatter imaging device 10.
  • the optical signal emitter may be preferably mounted on the inlet side of the rear collimator 13 or in the slit thereof, and the optical signal receiver may be mounted on the shield 16 Central location.
  • the centering detection signal (light signal) emitted by the optical signal transmitter is within the imaging beam scanning plane of the backscatter imaging device 10, the centering detection signal can be emitted from the collimating slit of the rear collimator 13 (imaging The beam is also ejected from the slit to ensure that the beam is coplanar, and then it is possible for the optical signal receiver to receive it.
  • the centering signal is only given when it is detected that the sensor receiving unit receives the infrared beam emitted by the transmitting unit, allowing the backscatter imaging device 10 to emit the imaging beam.
  • the optical signal transmitter when the optical signal transmitter is disposed on the shield 16, the optical signal transmitter can be mounted at the center of the shield 16, and the optical signal receiver can be mounted at the position of the backscatter imaging device 10 that emits the imaging beam.
  • the optical signal receiver In the vicinity, for example, for the backscattering device 10 shown in Fig. 1, the optical signal receiver may preferably be mounted on the inlet side of the rear collimator 13 or in its slit.
  • the backscatter imaging device 10 performs backscattered radiation imaging of the object to be detected, and the object to be detected is located between the backscatter imaging device 10 and the shield 16. At this time, the object to be detected may block the detecting device.
  • the signal of the receiving portion of 20 is received.
  • the backscattered radiation imaging system of the present invention may further comprise an object monitoring device for monitoring whether the object to be detected enters the detection area, and in the case where the object monitoring device detects that the object to be detected enters the detection area, the alignment detection device
  • the transmitting unit transmits a centering detection signal.
  • the detection area may be an area extending a predetermined distance upstream of the detection channel with reference to the imaging beam 15 as a reference.
  • an object monitoring device can be provided upstream of the imaging beam 15 .
  • the detection area may be an area extending to a predetermined distance on both sides with respect to the imaging beam 15 as a reference.
  • an object monitoring device can be provided on each side of the imaging beam 15 respectively.
  • the object monitoring device can be used to monitor whether the object to be detected enters the detection area, and when the object to be detected enters the detection area, it can be considered that the backscatter imaging device 10 is required to perform backscatter imaging on the object to be detected.
  • the transmitting portion of the centering detecting device emits a centering detecting signal to complete the centering detecting process of the shield 16 and the backscatter imaging device 10.
  • the shield 16 or the backscatter imaging device 10 can be moved. During the moving process, the centering detection signal emitted by the transmitting portion received by the receiving portion can be observed to determine the shielding. Whether the body 16 is aligned with the backscatter imaging device 10.
  • the shield 16 has been aligned with the backscatter imaging device 10 when the receiving portion receives the centering detecting signal emitted by the transmitting portion.
  • the shield 16 may be considered to have been aligned with the backscatter imaging device 10 when the receiving portion receives the intensity of the centering detection signal transmitted by the transmitting portion greater than a predetermined intensity threshold.
  • a plurality of transmitting portions or receiving portions disposed on the shielding body 16 may be plural. At this time, only the centering detection signals transmitted by the plurality of transmitting portions may be received, or the plurality of receiving portions may receive the centering. In the case of detecting a signal, a centering signal is sent to the backscatter imaging device 10.
  • the plurality of transmitting sections or the plurality of receiving sections may be set at a certain distance.
  • the backscatter imaging device 10 may be allowed to emit an imaging beam.
  • the transmitting portion of the centering detecting device may stop transmitting the centering signal, and may continue to transmit the centering signal.
  • the transmitting portion in the centering detecting device continues to transmit the centering signal
  • the receiving portion in the centering detecting device receives the centering signal, it indicates that there is no object to be detected between the shield body 16 and the backscattering imaging device 10, That is, the scanning of the object to be detected is completed.
  • the backscatter imaging apparatus 10 can stop emitting the imaging beam.
  • the backscattered radiation imaging system of the present invention may further include an alerting device.
  • the warning device can issue a warning to remind the relevant security personnel.
  • a centering detection signal may be issued at the transmitting portion of the centering detecting device, and an alert may be issued when the centering detecting device does not issue a centering signal.
  • the backscattered radiation imaging system of the present invention employs a mobile mounted shield while detecting whether the shield is correctly and efficiently mounted by a centering detecting device (whether or not it is scanned with the imaging beam of the backscatter imaging device) , greatly improve the deployment speed and radiation safety of the backscattered radiation imaging system during fixed work.

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Abstract

一种背散射辐射成像系统，包括背散射成像装置（10）、屏蔽体（16）以及对中检测装置，其中，背散射成像装置（10）用于对检测区域中的待检测物体进行背散射辐射成像；屏蔽体（16）为用辐射屏蔽材料制成的可移动结构，适于与背光散射成像装置（10）分别设置在检测区域两侧；对中检测装置包括发射部（20）和接收部，分别设置在屏蔽体（16）和背散射成像装置（10）上，设置在背散射成像装置（10）上的发射部（20）或接收部位于背散射成像装置（10）发射成像射线束的位置附近，发射部（20）向预定方向发射对中检测信号，当接收部接收到对中检测信号或接收到对中检测信号的强度大于预定强度阈值时，向背散射成像装置（10）发出对中信号，因此，可以高效地检测屏蔽体（16）是否正确和有效安装，并提高了辐射成像过程的安全性。

Description

背散射辐射成像系统 技术领域
本发明涉及辐射成像技术领域，特别是涉及一种背散射辐射成像系统。
背景技术
对于现有的背散射检查系统，所有的辐射成像设备都安装在一台底盘车上，其中包括用于发射辐射束的辐射源和用于接收被检查物体散射辐射信号的探测器，其均位于被检查物体的同一侧。
在移动工作模式下，背散射检查系统可在行驶过程中对可疑目标进行隐蔽检查，在该模式下由于被检查区域不是固定区域，且在某区域工作的频次很少、时间很短，不需要在被检查物体的另一侧设置屏蔽装置也可以保证周围人员的安全。
但是在固定工作模式下，背散射检查系统可根据任务需要在一个临时选定的场所固定使用(如公路卡口突击检查，或某重要会议场所入口检查)，对正常驾驶通过的车辆或人员进行安全检查。在该模式下，必须在被检查物体另外一侧有用射线束位置设置屏蔽装置对有用射线束进行屏蔽，以保证周围人员的安全。但是移动式背散射设备所有成像设备都位于被检查物体一侧，隐蔽检查是其突出优点，因此不便于在被检查物体的另外一侧设置与系统连接的屏蔽设施，只能临时在另外一侧设置屏蔽装置，但对于临时选定的工作场所，特别是经常不确定工作地点的情况下，很难快速和有效地设置屏蔽装置。
发明内容
本发明的目的主要在于提供一种能够快速有效地设置屏蔽装置的背散射辐射成像系统。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种背散射辐射成像系统，包括：背散射成像装置，用于对检测区域中的待检测物体进行背散射辐射成像；屏蔽体，屏蔽体为用辐射屏蔽材料制成的可移动结构，适于与背光散射成像 装置分别设置在检测区域两侧；以及对中检测装置，包括发射部和接收部，分别设置在屏蔽体和背散射成像装置上，其中，设置在背散射成像装置上的发射部或接收部位于背散射成像装置发射成像射线束的位置附近，发射部向预定方向发射对中检测信号，其中，当接收部接收到对中检测信号或接收到对中检测信号的强度大于预定强度阈值时，向背散射成像装置发出对中信号。
优选地，发射部设置在背散射成像装置上，预定方向在背散射成像装置的成像射线束扫描面内；或者发射部设置在屏蔽体上，预定方向为屏蔽体表面法线方向或与屏蔽体表面法线方向的夹角小于30°。
优选地，发射部为背散射成像装置的发射成像射线束的发射装置，以发射装置向预定方向发射的对中射线束作为对中检测信号，接收部设置在屏蔽体上，用于接收对中检测信号，当接收部接收到的对中检测信号强度大于预定强度阈值时，向背散射成像装置发出对中信号。
优选地，发射装置发射的对中射线束的强度弱于成像射线束。
优选地，发射部为光信号发射器，接收部为光信号传感器，当接收部接收到对中检测信号时，向背散射成像装置发出对中信号。
优选地，设置在屏蔽体上的发射部或接收部位于屏蔽体的中心位置；并且/或者设置在背散射成像装置上的接收部或发射部被设置为接收或发射背散射成像装置的成像射线束扫描面内的对中检测信号。
优选地，响应于对中信号，允许背散射成像装置发射成像射线束。
优选地，背散射辐射成像系统还可以包括：物体监测装置，用于监测待检测物体是否进入检测区域，在物体监测装置监测到待检测物体进入或将要进入检测区域的情况下，发射部发射对中检测信号。
优选地，在物体监测装置监测到待检测物体进入检测区域且背散射成像装置接收收到对中信号时，背散射成像装置开始发射成像射线束。
优选地，在背散射成像装置发射成像射线束以对待检测物体进行背散射辐射成像的过程中，当接收部接收到对中检测信号时，背散射成像装置停止发射成像射线束。
优选地，对中检测装置可以包括多个发射部或多个接收部，当多个发射部发射的对中检测信号都被接收到，或多个接收部都接收到对中检测信号的情况下，才向背散射成像装置发出对中信号。
优选地，背散射辐射成像系统还可以包括：警示装置，用于在发射部发射对中检测信号，而对中检测装置未发出对中信号时，发出警示。
综上，本发明的背散射辐射成像系统采用移动式安装的屏蔽体，同时通过对中检测装置检测该屏蔽体是否正确和有效安装(是否与背散射成像装置的成像射线束扫描面对中)，大大提高背散射辐射成像系统固定工作时的部署速度和辐射安全性。
附图说明
通过结合附图对本公开示例性实施方式进行更详细的描述，本公开的上述以及其它目的、特征和优势将变得更加明显，其中，在本公开示例性实施方式中，相同的参考标号通常代表相同部件。
图1示出了具体工作场景下本发明一实施例的背散射辐射成像系统的结构示意图。
图2示出了根据本发明一实施例的屏蔽体的侧视图以及主视图。
图3示出了根据本发明另一实施例的屏蔽体的侧视图以及主视图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的优选实施方式。虽然附图中显示了本公开的优选实施方式，然而应该理解，可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施方式所限制。相反，提供这些实施方式是为了使本公开更加透彻和完整，并且能够将本公开的范围完整地传达给本领域的技术人员。
在背散射成像装置对待检测物体进行辐射成像时，如果不设置屏蔽体，或者屏蔽体没有与背散射成像装置对准，都会导致背散射成像装置发射的成像射线束透过待检测物体，从而使待检测物体另一侧的人员受到过量辐射照射。并且，在背散射成像装置为车载移动式背散射成像设备时，经常需要根据任务情况变换部署地点，需要频繁地拆卸和安装屏蔽体。
针对上述情况，本发明提出了一种能够快速、准确地安装屏蔽体的背散射辐射成像系统。
本发明的背散射辐射成像系统主要包括背散射成像装置、屏蔽体以及对中检测装置三部分。下面结合具体实施例就本发明的背散射辐射成像系统 中的各部分的结构及工作原理做进一步详细说明。
1、背散射成像装置
参见图1，在本实施例中，背散射成像装置10可以集成在可移动的设备上，例如，可以集成在车辆上。其中，背散射成像装置10可以包括辐射装置和探测装置。
辐射装置可以由辐射源11、束流调制装置12构成。辐射源11发射的辐射信号在束流调制装置12的调制作用下，可以形成随时间而不断变化位置的笔形辐射束。
其中，辐射源11可以采用225kV的X光管，其周围可以采用铅或钨材料进行屏蔽，并且在辐射方向上可以设置准直器，准直器可以约束辐射源11辐射的X射线束在高度方向(与扫描方向垂直)的张角和扫描方向(背散射成像装置10相对于待检测物体的相对运动方向)上的宽度。
束流调制装置12可以是任何可以形成背散射成像所需的沿被检查物体高度方向上扫描的束斑的装置，如飞轮或开有成对入射和出射螺旋槽的转筒等等。
在束流调制装置12的远离辐射源11的一侧可以设置一个后准直器13。后准直器13可以由钨、铅或钢等屏蔽材料制成，后准直器13开有从束流调制装置12出射的射线在高度方向上的狭缝，后准直器13的狭缝中心面与从束流调制装置12出射的射线束的扫描面共面。
15为在束流调制装置12的作用下形成的用于对物体进行背散射扫描的成像射线束，该成像射线束为笔形成像射线束，其可以沿高度方向进行扫描。
探测装置可以由两个分别位于辐射装置两侧的探测器14构成。这里，还可以设置多个探测器14，并且多个探测器可以对称设置在辐射装置的两侧，也可以根据实际空间情况不对称设置。
其中，探测器14可以是适用于探测待检测物体散射的散射信号的任何探测器，优选地可以由塑料闪烁体、光电倍增管以及相应的信号处理和传输电子学电路组成。
30所示的区域为检测通道(即上文述及的检测区域)，待检测物体可以穿过该检测通道，在待检测物体穿过检测通道的过程中，背散射成像装置10就可以对检测区域中的待检测物体进行背散射辐射成像。
具体地，可以是背散射成像装置10不动，待检测物体以一定的速度(可 以是匀速，也可以是变速)穿过检测通道30，从背散射成像装置10出射的成像射线束15可以对穿过的待检测物体在高度上进行扫描，待检测物体上被扫描到的部分就会散射一定数量的散射射线束，其中，散射角在90°到180°之间的散射射线束会被散射成像装置10上的探测器14探测到，探测器14可以将接收到的散射射线束的强度转化为散射图像。由此，就可以完成对待检测物体的背散射辐射成像。
另外，本发明的背散射成像装置10还可以使用其他没有在本文述及的公知技术，如安装速度检测装置以实现不同车速条件下的几何校正。
2、屏蔽体
屏蔽体16为用辐射屏蔽材料制成的可移动结构，设置在检测通道30的远离背散射成像装置10的一侧。
其中，屏蔽体16的屏蔽材料可以根据背散射成像装置10所辐射的辐射信号的类型进行选取。例如，对于X或γ辐射类型，可以使用钨、铅、钢和混凝土等作为屏蔽材料。
具体来说，对于X射线屏蔽，可以采用价格较便宜但屏蔽效果较好的铅材料，为了解决铅材料钢性弱的问题，可以辅以必要的钢材料骨架。为了在保证辐射屏蔽效果的前提下尽量降低屏蔽体16的重量，屏蔽体16中间部分比成像射线束15宽度稍宽的宽度范围可以采用较厚的主屏蔽体以屏蔽成像射线束15，该部分以外的副屏蔽体可以用于屏蔽比成像射线束15强度低得多的杂散辐射，所以副屏蔽体的厚度可以大大减小。
也就是说，屏蔽体16可以包括屏蔽能力较强的主屏蔽体和屏蔽能力较弱的副屏蔽体。其中，可以将屏蔽体16中间区域作为主屏蔽体，主屏蔽体可以用较厚的屏蔽材料制成，屏蔽体16中间区域以外的区域可以作为副屏蔽体，副屏蔽体可以用较薄的屏蔽材料制成。
另外，屏蔽体16可以储存和固定在背散射成像装置10上，随背散射成像装置10一起运输，并可采用公知的技术以简化拆装和便于移动和固定。
3、对中检测装置
对中检测装置包括发射部和接收部。这里，可以将发射部设置在背散射成像装置10上，也可以将接收部设置在背散射成像装置10上。在将发射部设置 在背散射成像装置10上时，接收部设置在屏蔽体16上，在将接收部设置在背散射成像装置10上时，发射部设置在屏蔽体16上。
由于对中主要是将屏蔽体16(优选地是屏蔽体16的中间位置)与背散射成像装置10的发射成像射线束的位置进行对准。因此，设置在背散射成像装置10上的发射部或接收部可以优选地位于背散射成像装置10发射成像射线束的位置附近，设置在屏蔽体16上的发射部或接收部也可以优选地位于屏蔽体16的中心位置。
发射部可以向预定方向发射对中检测信号。其中，在将发射部设置在背散射成像装置10上时，发射部可以沿着背散射成像装置10发射的成像射线束的传播方向发射对中检测信号，此时，预定方向可以在背散射成像装置10的成像射线束扫描面内。这里，成像射线束扫描面就是从背散射成像装置10发射的成像射线束(扫描射线束)的传播面。在将发射部设置在屏蔽体16上时，发射部可以沿着垂直于屏蔽体16的屏蔽面的方向发射对中检测信号，此时，预定方向可以为屏蔽体16表面法线方向，也可以与屏蔽体16表面法线方向的夹角小于30°。
图2、图3是示出了两种情况下下的屏蔽体的结构示意图。其中图2、图3中左边为屏蔽体的侧视图，右边为屏蔽体的正视图。
如图2、图3所示，可以在屏蔽体16的中心位置设置一个发射部20，也可以在屏蔽体16上沿中心线对称设置两个发射部20。发射部20可以沿着屏蔽体16表面法线方向发射对中检测信号，也可以与法线光学呈一定夹角发射，例如可以呈30°夹角发射。
当接收部接收到发射部发射的对中信号(或者接收到对中信号的强度大于预定阈值)时，可以判断屏蔽体16已经和背散射成像装置10对准，此时可以向背散射成像装置10发射对中信号。
对中检测装置中的发射部和接收部可以是一套独立的发射接收系统，也可以由背散射成像装置10的部分结构参与构成。
作为本发明的一个实施例，对中检测装置中的发射部可以是背散射成像装置10中的辐射装置。对中检测装置中的接收部可以由安装在屏蔽体16上的接收装置构成。该接收装置可以是一种辐射探测器，当探测器检测到的辐射强度信号高于设定值时，判断屏蔽体16与成像射线束15对中，向背散射成像装置10发出对中信号，允许背散射成像装置10发射成像射线束；相反， 如果控制装置接收到的辐射强度信号低于设定值，判断屏蔽体16与成像射线束15未对中，禁止背散射成像装置10发射成像射线束。这里，在使用背散射成像装置10中的辐射装置作为发射部时，可以发射强度比成像射线束弱的对中射线束作为对中检测信号。也就是说，背散射成像装置10发射的射线束既可以作为对被检测物体进行辐射成像用的成像射线束，也可以作为对中检测用的对中射线束。并且，在作为对中检测用时，可以优选地发射强度较弱的射线束。
其中，这里的对中信号可以由接收装置发出，也可以由其他单元模块发出。例如，还可以在设置在屏蔽体16上设置一个控制装置，控制装置可以根据接收装置接收的信号来形成是否对中的对中信号。
在本实施例中，对中检测装置中的辐射探测器可以安装在动屏蔽体16的中心位置。辐射探测器可以是适用于对成像射线束进行探测的各种已知探测技术，其输出的辐射强度信号可以是模拟量也可以是经AD转换后的数字量。
作为本发明的另一个实施例，对中检测装置的发射部可以是使用类似红外发射器之类的光信号发射器，对中检测装置的接收部可以是对应的光信号接收器。
其中，在将光信号发射器设置在背散射成像装置10上时，需要保证光信号发射器发射的光信号在背散射成像装置10的成像射线束扫描面内。此时，对于图1所示的背散射成装置10来说，光信号发射器可以优选地安装在后准直器13的进口侧或其狭缝内，光信号接收器可以安装在屏蔽体16的中心位置。
只有当光信号发射器发射的对中检测信号(光信号)在背散射成像装置10的成像射线束扫描面内时，对中检测信号才能从后准直器13准直狭缝中射出(成像射线束也是从该狭缝中射出，可以保证两者共面)，然后才有可能让光信号接收器接收到。只有当检测到传感器接收单元接收到发射单元发出的红外光束时，才会给出对中信号，允许背散射成像装置10发射成像射线束。
相应地，在将光信号发射器设置在屏蔽体16上时，光信号发射器可以安装在屏蔽体16的中心位置，光信号接收器可以安装在背散射成像装置10的发射成像射线束的位置附近，例如对于图1所示的背散射成装置10来说，光信号接收器可以优选地安装在后准直器13的进口侧或其狭缝内。
4、具体工作过程
4.1对中检测前的监测
在固定工作模式下，背散射成像装置10对待检测物体进行背散射辐射成像的过程中，待检测物体位于背散射成像装置10和屏蔽体16之间，此时，待检测物体会遮挡中检测装置20的接收部的信号接收。
因此，本发明的背散射辐射成像系统还可以包括物体监测装置，用于监测待检测物体是否进入检测区域，在物体监测装置监测到待检测物体进入检测区域的情况下，对中检测装置中的发射部发射对中检测信号。
如图1所示，在检测通道30为单向检测通道时，检测区域可以是以成像射线束15为基准，向检测通道上游延伸预定距离的区域。这种情况下，可以在成像射线束15的上游设置一个物体监测装置。
另外，在检测通道30为双向检测通道时，检测区域可以是以成像射线束15为基准向两侧延伸预定距离的区域。这种情况下，可以在成像射线束15两侧分别设置一个物体监测装置。
由此，可以通过物体监测装置来监测待检测物体是否进入检测区域，监测到待检测物体进入检测区域时，可以认为接下来需要背散射成像装置10对待检测物体进行背散射成像，此时，可以控制对中检测装置的发射部发射对中检测信号，来完成屏蔽体16和背散射成像装置10的对中检测过程。
4.2对中检测
在背散射成像装置10的工作位置固定后，可以移动屏蔽体16或背散射成像装置10，在移动过程中，可以观测接收部接收到的发射部发射的对中检测信号的情况，来判断屏蔽体16是否和背散射成像装置10对准。
根据对中检测装置的具体设定，可以在接收部接收到发射部发射的对中检测信号时，认为屏蔽体16已经和背散射成像装置10对准。另外，也可以在接收部接收到发射部发射的对中检测信号的强度大于预定强度阈值时，认为屏蔽体16已经和背散射成像装置10对准。
另外，设置在屏蔽体16上的发射部或接收部可以为多个，此时，可以仅当多个发射部发射的对中检测信号都被接收到，或多个接收部都接收到对中检测信号的情况下，才向背散射成像装置10发出对中信号。其中，多个发射部或多个接收部可以间隔一定距离设定。
4.3背散射辐射成像
响应于接收到对中信号，可以允许背散射成像装置10发射成像射线束。在背散射成像装置10对待检测物体进行背散射辐射成像过程中，对中检测装置中的发射部可以停止发射对中信号，也可以继续发射对中信号。
在对中检测装置中的发射部继续发射对中信号的情况下，如果对中检测装置中的接收部接收到对中信号，表明屏蔽体16和背散射成像装置10之间没有待检测物体，即完成了对待检测物体的扫描。此时，背散射成像装置10可以停止发射成像射线束。
另外，本发明的背散射辐射成像系统还可以包括警示装置。在对中检测失败时，警示装置可以发出警示，以提醒相关安检人员。例如，可以在对中检测装置的发射部发出对中检测信号，而对中检测装置未发出对中信号时，发出警示。
综上，本发明的背散射辐射成像系统采用移动式安装的屏蔽体，同时通过对中检测装置检测该屏蔽体是否正确和有效安装(是否与背散射成像装置的成像射线束扫描面对中)，大大提高背散射辐射成像系统固定工作时的部署速度和辐射安全性。
上文中已经参考附图详细描述了根据本发明的背散射辐射成像系统。
以上已经描述了本发明的各实施例，上述说明是示例性的，并非穷尽性的，并且也不限于所披露的各实施例。在不偏离所说明的各实施例的范围和精神的情况下，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说许多修改和变更都是显而易见的。本文中所用术语的选择，旨在最好地解释各实施例的原理、实际应用或对市场中的技术的改进，或者使本技术领域的其它普通技术人员能理解本文披露的各实施例。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种背散射辐射成像系统，其特征在于，包括：
    背散射成像装置，用于对检测区域中的待检测物体进行背散射辐射成像；
    屏蔽体，所述屏蔽体为用辐射屏蔽材料制成的可移动结构，适于与所述背散射成像装置分别设置在所述检测区域两侧；以及
    对中检测装置，包括发射部和接收部，分别设置在所述屏蔽体和所述背散射成像装置上，其中，设置在所述背散射成像装置上的发射部或接收部位于所述背散射成像装置发射成像射线束的位置附近，所述发射部向预定方向发射对中检测信号，
    其中，当所述接收部接收到所述对中检测信号或接收到所述对中检测信号的强度大于预定强度阈值时，向所述背散射成像装置发出对中信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的背散射辐射成像系统，其特征在于，
    所述发射部设置在所述背散射成像装置上，所述预定方向在所述背散射成像装置的成像射线束扫描面内；或者
    所述发射部设置在所述屏蔽体上，所述预定方向为所述屏蔽体表面法线方向或与所述屏蔽体表面法线方向的夹角小于30°。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的背散射辐射成像系统，其特征在于，
    所述发射部为所述背散射成像装置的发射所述成像射线束的发射装置，以所述发射装置向所述预定方向发射的对中射线束作为所述对中检测信号，
    所述接收部设置在所述屏蔽体上，用于接收所述对中检测信号，
    当所述接收部接收到所述对中检测信号的强度大于预定强度阈值时，向所述背散射成像装置发出对中信号。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的背散射辐射成像系统，其特征在于，
    所述发射装置发射的所述对中射线束的强度弱于所述成像射线束。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的背散射辐射成像系统，其特征在于，
    所述发射部为光信号发射器，所述接收部为光信号传感器，
    当所述接收部接收到所述对中检测信号时，向所述背散射成像装置发出对中信号。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的背散射辐射成像系统，其特征在于，
    设置在所述屏蔽体上的发射部或接收部位于所述屏蔽体的中心位置；并且/或者
    设置在所述背散射成像装置上的接收部或发射部被设置为接收或发射所述背散射成像装置的成像射线束扫描面内的对中检测信号。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的背散射辐射成像系统，其特征在于，
    响应于所述对中信号，允许所述背散射成像装置发射所述成像射线束。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的背散射辐射成像系统，其特征在于，还包括：物体监测装置，用于监测待检测物体是否进入所述检测区域，
    在所述物体监测装置监测到所述待检测物体进入所述检测区域的情况下，所述发射部发射所述对中检测信号。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的背散射辐射成像系统，其特征在于，
    在所述背散射成像装置发射成像射线束以对所述待检测物体进行背散射辐射成像的过程中，当所述接收部接收到所述对中检测信号时，所述背散射成像装置停止发射所述成像射线束。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的背散射辐射成像系统，其特征在于，
    所述对中检测装置包括多个所述发射部或多个所述接收部，当多个所述发射部发射的对中检测信号都被接收到，或多个所述接收部都接收到对中检测信号的情况下，才向所述背散射成像装置发出所述对中信号。
PCT/CN2017/106346 2016-10-17 2017-10-16 背散射辐射成像系统 WO2018072670A1 (zh)

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