WO2018064905A1 - 车辆的安全气囊模块 - Google Patents

车辆的安全气囊模块 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018064905A1
WO2018064905A1 PCT/CN2017/093172 CN2017093172W WO2018064905A1 WO 2018064905 A1 WO2018064905 A1 WO 2018064905A1 CN 2017093172 W CN2017093172 W CN 2017093172W WO 2018064905 A1 WO2018064905 A1 WO 2018064905A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
airbag
air bag
cylindrical structure
airbag module
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Application number
PCT/CN2017/093172
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
安晓超
杨群印
彭斌斌
徐苏斌
王璇
李锐
张永进
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奥托立夫开发公司
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Application filed by 奥托立夫开发公司 filed Critical 奥托立夫开发公司
Publication of WO2018064905A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018064905A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/205—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components in dashboards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/231—Inflatable members characterised by their shape, construction or spatial configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/235—Inflatable members characterised by their material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/26—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an airbag system for a vehicle.
  • the present invention relates to an airbag module that protects the head, neck and/or chest of a front passenger when a frontal collision occurs in the vehicle.
  • passenger safety systems in motor vehicles typically include an airbag module for front passengers to protect front passengers from injury in the event of a frontal collision.
  • the airbag module for front passengers includes an airbag module that is dedicated to protecting the front passenger's head, neck and chest.
  • Such airbag modules are typically placed inside the vehicle dashboard.
  • the airbag of the airbag assembly is inflated to expand and deploy, receiving the passenger's head and chest, preventing the front passenger from directly striking the dashboard and other parts of the vehicle.
  • the airbags of the prior art airbag modules for protecting front passengers generally have a large volume, and therefore require a larger area of panel material and a larger output inflator, resulting in higher cost.
  • bulky airbags require more time to expand and deploy, thus detrimental to passenger protection.
  • an airbag module of a vehicle the airbag module being mounted inside an interior of a vehicle dashboard, the airbag module comprising: an inflator; and an airbag provided with An inflation port connected to the inflator via the inflation port, the air bag including an elongated main panel and first and second sub-panels, wherein the main panel The two lateral ends are joined to form a substantially cylindrical structure, and outer peripheral edges of the first and second sub-panels are respectively connected to upper and lower peripheral edges of the cylindrical structure to cover the cylindrical structure Upper and lower surfaces, wherein the height direction of the cylindrical structure coincides with the height direction of the vehicle when the air bag is in an expanded and unfolded state.
  • the first and second sub-panels are trapezoidal, wherein when the airbag is in an expanded and unfolded state, the narrow ends of the first and second sub-panels are arranged along The front-rear direction of the vehicle faces the side of the dashboard.
  • the joint between the two lateral ends of the main panel is located on a side surface of the cylindrical structure other than the side surface facing the seat side of the vehicle.
  • the inflation port is disposed on the main panel, and when the air bag is in an expanded and unfolded state, the inflation port is located along the cylindrical structure
  • the front-rear direction of the vehicle faces the side surface on the side of the instrument panel at an intermediate position in the height direction.
  • the main panel includes a recessed portion having a width that is less than a width of other portions of the main panel, wherein the inflation port is disposed in the recessed portion.
  • the airbag module further includes a drawstring disposed inside the airbag and controlling a deployment direction of the airbag when the airbag is inflated and deployed Or expand the shape.
  • the passenger can be protected over a wide width even if the passenger is not seated in the center of the seat , can also get good protection. Further, the airbag module according to the embodiment as described above also has a small airbag, which can save cost and shorten the time required for the airbag to expand and be deployed in position.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an airbag module in an expanded and deployed state, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a constituent panel of an air bag in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3A-3B illustrate positional changes in the width direction of the main panel in the air bag disassembled state in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4A-4C are schematic views showing variations of a columnar structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides an airbag module for a front seat passenger for a vehicle that is primarily used to protect the front passenger's head, neck and/or chest in the event of a frontal collision of the vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an airbag module 10 in an expanded and deployed state in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Also shown in FIG. 1 is the front windshield 20, instrument panel 30 and seat 40 of the vehicle.
  • the airbag module 10 includes at least an inflator (not shown) and an air bag 11. Among them, the inflator is connected to the air bag 11 through an inflation port (not shown) provided on the air bag 11. In the folded state of the air bag 11, the airbag module 10 is mounted inside the instrument panel 30, that is, the internal space covered by the instrument panel 30.
  • the inflator When a frontal collision occurs in the vehicle, the inflator is energized to generate a gas. The generated gas enters the air bag 11 to expand and expand the air bag 11 from the inside of the instrument panel 30.
  • the inflated and unfolded air bag 11 can receive the head of the passenger seated on the seat 40 that is uncontrolled to move toward the front of the vehicle due to the collision of the vehicle, thereby protecting the head and neck of the passenger.
  • the airbag module 10 in an expanded and deployed state is located between the front windshield 20 and the instrument panel 30.
  • the air bag 11 shown in Fig. 1 only receives the head of the passenger
  • the air bag 11 can also receive the chest of the passenger by arranging the air bag 11 to appropriately extend toward the lower side of the vehicle. Therefore, the airbag module according to the embodiment of the present invention can also protect the chest of the front seat passenger.
  • the air bag 11 may be composed of a plurality of panels. These panels can It is a fabric panel made of materials such as nylon or polyester. 2 shows a constituent panel of an air bag in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the air bag 11 may include a main panel 12, a first sub-panel 13A, and a second sub-panel 13B. As shown in FIG. 2, the main panel 12 may be formed in an elongated shape. The two lateral ends of the main panel 12 may be connected to each other to form a substantially cylindrical structure.
  • the outer peripheral edges of the first and second sub-panels 13A, 13B may be respectively connected to the upper and lower peripheral edges of the cylindrical structure formed by the main panel 12 to constitute upper and lower surfaces of the cylindrical structure, thereby forming a closed air bag. 11.
  • the connection of the lateral ends of the main panel 12 and the connection of the first and second sub-panels 13A, 13B with the main panel 12 can be achieved by stitching, bonding, or the like.
  • the air bag 11 is arranged such that the height direction of the cylindrical structure formed by the main panel 12 in the expanded and unfolded state of the air bag 11 coincides with the height direction of the vehicle.
  • the side surface of the cylindrical structure facing the seat 40 can be used to receive the head of the passenger who is uncontrolled to move forward in front of the vehicle during a collision of the vehicle.
  • Such an arrangement is easier to make the side surface of the air bag for receiving the passenger's head easier than the case where the height direction of the cylindrical structure coincides with the width direction of the vehicle, in the case where the length and width of the main panel 12 are the same. Large width. Therefore, the airbag can protect the passenger over a wide range of widths, even if the passenger is not seated in the center of the seat.
  • the first and second sub-panels 13A, 13B may each be trapezoidal, and more specifically may be isosceles trapezoids.
  • the air bag 11 in the expanded and unfolded state, the air bag 11 can be formed into a columnar structure in which the upper and lower surfaces are trapezoidal. Further, the air bag 11 is disposed such that, in the expanded and unfolded state of the air bag 11, the narrow ends of the trapezoidal first and second sub-panels 13A, 13B are directed toward the instrument panel 30 side in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and the wide end edge The front-rear direction of the vehicle faces the side of the seat 40.
  • the airbag 11 can use the side surface having a larger area to receive the head of the passenger who is uncontrolled to move forward in the vehicle during the collision of the vehicle.
  • the side surface of the air bag 11 for receiving the passenger's head is the side surface of the cylindrical structure formed by the main panel 12 by connecting the lateral ends thereof, between the lateral ends of the main panel 12
  • the joint should be provided on the side surface of the cylindrical structure except for the side surface for receiving the passenger's head. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the air bag from inflating and the joint is accidentally exploded when deployed to damage the passenger.
  • the main panel 12 may include an inflation port 121.
  • the air bag 11 is connected to the inflatable device via the inflation port 121
  • the air is expanded and deployed to obtain gas from the inflator when the vehicle has a frontal collision.
  • the inflation port 121 is located at a distance from any lateral end of the main panel 12, for example, may be located at a lateral length from one of the main ends 12 of the main panel 12. At 1/3, to ensure that the portion of the main panel 12 where the inflation port 121 is provided has sufficient strength.
  • the surrounding portion of the inflation port 121 may be provided with a plurality of reinforcing cloths for reinforcing the strength of the inflation port 121 and the surrounding portion thereof, and preventing the inflation port 121 and its surroundings from being damaged due to heat of the gas or the like during inflation of the air bag 11. section.
  • the inflation port 121 may also be provided at the junction of the two lateral ends of the main panel 12.
  • the two lateral ends of the main panel 12 have overlapping portions when connected, and the inflation ports 121 may be disposed on the overlapping portions.
  • the inflation port 121 may be located on a side surface of the cylindrical structure formed by the main panel 12 toward the side of the instrument panel 30 in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and located on the side The intermediate position of the surface in the direction of the vehicle height.
  • the position of the inflation port 121 is not limited to this.
  • the position of the inflation port 121 relative to the side surface on which it is located i.e., the side surface of the cylindrical structure facing the instrument panel 30
  • the air bag 11 in the expanded and deployed state is in a position suitable for receiving the head of the passenger in the height direction of the vehicle.
  • the change of the position of the inflation port 121 in the vehicle height direction with respect to the side surface of the air bag 11 in the expanded and unfolded state of the air bag 11 corresponds to the width B direction of the main panel 12 in the state in which the air bag 11 is disassembled in the air bag 11
  • FIGS. 3A-3B illustrate positional changes in the width B direction of the main panel 12 in the state in which the air bag 11 is split, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the position of the inflation port 121 in the vehicle width direction with respect to the side surface on which it is located is also adjustable so that the air bag 11 in the expanded and deployed state is in the vehicle width direction. Suitable for taking the position of the passenger's head.
  • the change of the position of the inflation port 121 in the vehicle width direction with respect to the side surface of the air bag 11 in the expanded and unfolded state of the air bag 11 corresponds to the length L of the inflation port 121 in the main panel 12 in the state in which the air bag 11 is disassembled. The change in position of the direction.
  • the inflation port 121 is not limited to being disposed at a 1/3 of the total length L of the main panel 12 from a certain lateral end of the main panel 12, but may be a main panel from a lateral end of the main panel 12.
  • the total length of 12 L The 1/3 is appropriately adjusted toward either of the lateral ends.
  • the air bag 11 2 12 122 further includes a recessed portion, the recessed portion 122 is smaller than the width B of the main portion of the width B of the other panel 112, and a pneumatic port 121 disposed in the recess Part 122. Both opposite edges of the concave portion 122 are arcuate.
  • the width B 1 of the concave portion 122 is smallest at its intermediate position along the length L direction of the main panel 12, and gradually increases toward both lateral ends of the main panel 12 until it coincides with the width B of the other portions of the main panel 12. .
  • the opposite edges of the intermediate portion of the concave portion 122 correspond to the first and second sub-panels 13A, 13B, respectively.
  • the trapezoidal short bottom side, and the opposite edges of the concave portion 122 except the intermediate portion correspond to the trapezoidal waists of the first and second sub-panels 13A, 13B, respectively.
  • the height of the cylindrical structure is the smallest at the side surface toward the side of the instrument panel 30.
  • the height of the cylindrical structure gradually increases in the rearward direction of the vehicle from the side surface toward the side of the instrument panel 30, and is largest at the side surface toward the side of the seat 40.
  • the air bag 11 can be inflated and deployed in conformity with the space defined by the front windshield 20 and the instrument panel 30 of the vehicle.
  • the inflation port 121 is located in the concave portion 122 and the air bag 11 is connected to the inflator via the inflation port 121 and thereby fixed to the inside of the instrument panel 30, the air bag 11 in the expanded and unfolded state is connected to the instrument panel
  • the inner portion of the 30 has a small height and has a large height at the portion for receiving the passenger's head, which is advantageous in reducing the volume of the air bag while providing optimum protection for the passenger.
  • the present invention provides an airbag module that can protect a head, a neck, and a chest of a front passenger seat, and has an air bag having a cylindrical structure in which an upper and lower surface is trapezoidal in an expanded and unfolded state. .
  • Such airbags protect passengers over a wide range of widths, even if the passengers are not seated in the center of the seat.
  • such airbags also have a small volume, which can save cost and shorten the time required for the airbag to expand and deploy in place.
  • the cylindrical structure formed by the main panel 12 is a cylindrical structure in which the upper and lower bottom surfaces are trapezoidal
  • the cylindrical structure formed by the main panel 12 is not limited thereto, but may be Includes other types of cylindrical structures.
  • 4A-4C show according to the invention A schematic view of a modification of the cylindrical structure of the embodiment, wherein the cylindrical structure is represented by a cross section of the cylindrical structure perpendicular to the height direction of the vehicle.
  • a draw tape may be disposed within the air bag 11, which may control the unfolding direction and/or the unfolded shape of the air bag 11 when the air bag 11 is inflated and deployed.
  • one end of the draw tape may be fixed to a side surface of the cylindrical structure facing the seat 40 side, and the other end is fixed to a side surface facing the front windshield 30.
  • the cylindrical structure formed by the main panel 12 of the present invention also includes a cylindrical structure which is deformed similarly to the side surface as shown in Fig. 4A.
  • the ends of the drawstring may also be secured to other suitable locations to form other desired cylindrical structures (as shown in Figure 4B).
  • the cylindrical structure formed by the main panel 12 is not limited to the cylindrical structure in which the upper and lower bottom surfaces are trapezoidal, and may include a cylindrical structure in which the upper and lower bottom surfaces are rectangular (as shown in Fig. 4C).
  • the first and second sub-panels 13A, 13B may each be configured in a rectangular shape.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

一种车辆的安全气囊模块（10）。该安全气囊模块（10）安装在车辆仪表板（30）的内部，并且包括充气装置以及气袋（11）。该气袋（11）设置有充气口（121）并且经由充气口（121）与充气装置连接。该气袋（11）包括长条状主面板（12）以及第一副面板（13A）和第二副面板(13B)，其中主面板(12)的两个横向端部相连接形成大致柱形结构，第一副面板（13A）和第二副面板(13B)的外周边缘分别连接到柱形结构的上周边缘和下周边缘以覆盖柱形结构的上下表面。当气袋(11)处于膨胀且展开的状态下时，柱形结构的高度方向与车辆的高度方向相一致。

Description

车辆的安全气囊模块 技术领域
本发明涉及车辆的安全气囊系统。具体地，本发明涉及一种在车辆发生正面碰撞时保护前排乘客的头部、颈部和/或胸部的安全气囊模块。
背景技术
目前，机动车辆中的乘客安全系统通常包括针对前排乘客的安全气囊模块，以在车辆发生正面碰撞时保护前排乘客不受伤害。通常，针对前排乘客的安全气囊模块包括专用于保护前排乘客的头部、颈部和胸部的安全气囊模块。这样的安全气囊模块通常设置在车辆仪表板内部。当车辆发生正面碰撞时，气囊组件的气袋被充气以膨胀且展开，承接乘客的头部和胸部，防止前排乘客直接撞击仪表板以及车辆内的其他部分。
但是，现有技术中用于保护前排乘客的安全气囊模块的气袋通常具有较大的体积，因此需要较大面积的面板材料和较大输出的充气装置，导致较高的成本。此外，体积大的气袋需要更多的时间来膨胀和展开，因此不利于对乘客的保护。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种车辆的安全气囊模块，其与现有技术相比能够以相同的体积更好的保护前排乘客的头部、颈部和/或胸部。本发明的另一个目的是提供一种车辆的安全气囊模块，其具有体积较小的气袋，可以节约成本并且缩短气袋膨胀且展开到位的时间。
根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种车辆的安全气囊模块，所述安全气囊模块安装在所述车辆仪表板的内部，所述安全气囊模块包括：充气装置；以及气袋，其设置有充气口并且经由所述充气口与所述充气装置连接，所述气袋包括长条状主面板以及第一和第二副面板，其中所述主面板 的两个横向端部相连接形成大致柱形结构，所述第一和第二副面板的外周边缘分别连接到所述柱形结构的上周边缘和下周边缘以覆盖所述柱形结构的上下表面，其中当所述气袋处于膨胀且展开的状态下时，所述柱形结构的高度方向与所述车辆的高度方向相一致。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述第一和第二副面板呈梯形，其中当所述气囊处于膨胀且展开的状态下时，所述第一和第二副面板的窄端布置成沿所述车辆的前后方向朝向所述仪表板一侧。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述主面板的两个横向端部之间的接合处位于所述柱形结构的除朝向所述车辆的座椅一侧的侧表面以外的侧表面上。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述充气口设置在所述主面板上，并且当所述气袋处于膨胀且展开的状态下时，所述充气口位于所述柱形结构的沿所述车辆的前后方向朝向所述仪表板一侧的侧表面上沿高度方向的中间位置处。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述主面板包括凹入部分，所述凹入部分的宽度小于所述主面板的其他部分的宽度，其中所述充气口设置在所述凹入部分中。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，所述安全气囊模块还包括拉带，所述拉带设置在所述气袋内部并且在所述气袋膨胀且展开时控制所述气袋的展开方向和/或展开形状。
根据如上所述实施例的可以保护前排乘客座椅的头部、颈部和/或胸部的安全气囊模块，可以在较大的宽度范围上保护乘客，即使乘客未坐在座椅的中心位置，也能得到良好的保护。此外，根据如上所述实施例的安全气囊模块还具有体积较小的气袋，可以节约成本并且缩短气袋膨胀且展开到位所需的时间。
附图说明
下面，将结合附图对本发明的示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术效果进行描述，附图中相似的附图标记表示相似的元件，其中：
图1示出了根据本发明的实施例的处于膨胀且展开状态下的安全气囊模块的示意图。
图2示出了根据本发明的实施例的气袋的组成面板的示意图。
图3A-3B示出了根据本发明的实施例充气口在气袋拆分状态下的主面板中沿宽度方向的位置变化。
图4A-4C示出了根据本发明的实施例的柱状结构的变形例的示意图。
具体实施方式
下文中，参照附图描述本发明的实施例。下面的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本发明的原理，本发明不限于所描述的优选实施例，本发明的范围由权利要求书限定。
本发明提供了一种用于车辆的针对前排座椅乘客的安全气囊模块，该安全气囊模块主要用于在车辆发生正面碰撞时保护前排乘客的头部、颈部和/或胸部。
图1示出了根据本发明的实施例处于膨胀且展开状态下的安全气囊模块10的示意图。图1中还示出了车辆的前挡风玻璃20、仪表板30和座椅40。安全气囊模块10至少包括充气装置(图中未示出)和气袋11。其中，充气装置通过设置在气袋11上的充气口(图中未示出)与气袋11相连接。在气袋11的折叠状态下，安全气囊模块10安装在仪表板30内部，即仪表板30所覆盖的内部空间中。当车辆发生正面碰撞时，充气装置被激发以产生气体。所产生的气体进入气袋11，使气袋11从仪表板30的内部向外膨胀且展开。膨胀且展开的气袋11可以承接由于车辆的碰撞而不受控的朝向车辆前方移动的就坐于座椅40的乘客的头部，从而保护乘客的头部和颈部。从图1中可以看出，处于膨胀且展开状态下的安全气囊模块10位于前挡风玻璃20和仪表板30之间。此外，虽然图1中示出的气袋11仅承接乘客的头部，但是通过将气袋11设置成适当地朝向车辆下方延伸，气袋11也可以承接乘客的胸部。因此，根据本发明的实施例的安全气囊模块也可以对前排座椅乘客的胸部进行保护。
根据本发明的实施例，气袋11可以由多个面板构成。这些面板可以 是由尼龙或聚酯等材料制成的织物面板。图2示出了根据本发明的实施例的气袋的构成面板。气袋11可以包括主面板12、第一副面板13A和第二副面板13B。如图2所示，主面板12可以形成为长条状。主面板12的两个横向端部可以相互连接以形成大致柱形结构。第一和第二副面板13A、13B的外周边缘可以分别连接到主面板12所形成的柱形结构的上周边缘和下周边缘，以构成柱形结构的上下表面，从而形成封闭的气袋11。主面板12的横向端部的连接以及第一和第二副面板13A、13B与主面板12的连接可以通过缝合、粘合等方式实现。特别地，气袋11布置成使得，在气袋11的膨胀且展开的状态下由主面板12形成的柱形结构的高度方向与车辆的高度方向一致。由此，柱形结构的朝向座椅40的侧表面可以用于承接在车辆的碰撞期间不受控的向车辆前方移动的乘客的头部。这样的布置与其中柱形结构的高度方向与车辆的宽度方向一致的方案相比，在主面板12的长度和宽度相同的情况下，容易使气袋用于承接乘客头部的侧表面具有较大的宽度。因此，气袋可以在较大的宽度范围上保护乘客，即使乘客未坐在座椅的中心位置，也能得到良好的保护。
如图2所示，第一和第二副面板13A、13B可以均为梯形，更具体地可以均为等腰梯形。由此，在膨胀且展开状态下，气袋11可以形成为上下表面为梯形的柱形结构。此外，气袋11设置成使得，在气袋11的膨胀且展开的状态下梯形第一和第二副面板13A、13B的窄端沿车辆的前后方向朝向仪表板30一侧，而宽端沿车辆的前后方向朝向座椅40一侧。由此，在膨胀且展开的状态下，气袋11可以使用面积较大的侧表面来承接在车辆的碰撞期间不受控的向车辆前方移动的乘客的头部。需要注意的是，由于气袋11用于承接乘客头部的侧表面是由主面板12通过连接其横向端部而形成的柱形结构的侧表面，因此，主面板12的横向端部之间的接合处应该设置在柱形结构的除了该用于承接乘客头部的侧表面之外的侧表面上。由此，可以避免气袋膨胀且展开时该接合处意外爆开而伤害乘客。
下面，进一步详细描述气袋11的主面板12的结构。如图2所示，主面板12可以包括充气口121。气袋11经由该充气口121连接到充气装 置，以便在车辆发生正面碰撞时从充气装置获取气体而膨胀且展开。在图2所示的实施例中，充气口121位于与主面板12的任一横向端部间隔一定的距离的位置处，例如可以位于距其中一个横向端部为主面板12的总长度L的1/3处，以确保主面板12的设置充气口121的部分具有足够的强度。此外，充气口121的周围部分还可以设置有多块加强布，用于加强充气口121及其周围部分强度，防止在气袋11的充气期间由于气体的热量等因素损坏充气口121及其周围部分。根据本发明的其他实施例，充气口121也可以设置在主面板12的两个横向端部的连接处。例如主面板12的两个横向端部在连接时具有重叠部分，充气口121可以设置在重叠部分上。
特别地，在气袋11的膨胀且展开的状态下，充气口121可以位于由主面板12形成的柱形结构的沿车辆前后方向的朝向仪表板30一侧的侧表面上，且位于该侧表面的沿车辆高度方向的中间位置处。但是，充气口121的位置并不限于此。根据安全气囊模块10在仪表板30内部的安装位置的不同，充气口121相对于其所在侧表面(即柱形结构的朝向仪表板30一侧的侧表面)沿车辆高度方向的位置是可调节的，以使得处于膨胀且展开状态下的气袋11沿车辆的高度方向处于适合于承接乘客头部的位置。在气袋11的膨胀且展开的状态下充气口121相对于其所在侧表面沿车辆高度方向的位置的变化，对应于充气口121在气袋11拆分状态下的主面板12中宽度B方向上的位置的变化，具体示例可参考图3A-3B。图3A-3B示出了根据本发明的实施例充气口121在气袋11拆分状态下的主面板12中沿宽度B方向的位置变化。此外，在气袋11的膨胀且展开的状态下充气口121相对于其所在侧表面沿车辆宽度方向的位置也是可调节的，以使得处于膨胀且展开状态下的气袋11沿车辆宽度方向处于适合于承接乘客头部的位置。在气袋11的膨胀且展开的状态下充气口121相对于其所在侧表面沿车辆宽度方向的位置的变化，对应于充气口121在气袋11拆分状态下的主面板12中沿长度L方向的位置的变化。例如，充气口121不限于设置在距主面板12的某一个横向端部为主面板12的总长度L的1/3处，而是可以从距主面板12的某一个横向端部为主面板12的总长度L 的1/3处朝向任一个横向端部适当的调节。
如图2所示，气袋11的主面板12还包括一凹入部分122，该凹入部分122的宽度B1小于主面板12的其他部分的宽度B，并且充气口121设置在该凹入部分122中。凹入部分122的两相对边缘均呈弧状。凹入部分122的宽度B1在其沿主面板12的长度L方向的中间位置处最小，并且朝向主面板12的两横向端部逐渐增大，直至与主面板12的其他部分的宽度B一致。当主面板12与第一和第二副面板13A、13B相接合而形成封闭的气袋11时，凹入部分122的中间部分的两相对边缘分别对应于第一和第二副面板13A、13B的梯形短底边，并且凹入部分122除中间部分以外的其他部分的两相对边缘分别对应于第一和第二副面板13A、13B的梯形的腰。由此，在气袋11的膨胀且展开的状态下，凹入部分122的中间部分形成由主面板12形成的柱形结构的沿车辆前后方向的朝向仪表板30一侧的侧表面。从而，柱形结构的高度在朝向仪表板30一侧的侧表面处最小。柱形结构的高度从朝向仪表板30一侧的侧表面沿车辆的向后方向逐渐增大，并且在朝向座椅40一侧的侧表面处最大。以这样的形状，气袋11可以与车辆的前挡风玻璃20和仪表板30所限定的空间相适应地膨胀且展开。此外，由于充气口121位于凹入部分122中并且气袋11经由充气口121连接到充气装置并由此固定到仪表板30内部，因此，膨胀且展开状态下的气袋11在连接到仪表板30内部的部分处具有较小的高度，并且在用于承接乘客头部的部分处具有较大的高度，有利于在对乘客提供最佳保护的同时减小气袋的体积。
如上所述，本发明提供了一种可以保护前排乘客座椅的头部、颈部和胸部的安全气囊模块，其具有在膨胀且展开状态下呈上下表面为梯形的柱形结构的气袋。这样的气袋可以在较大的宽度范围上保护乘客，即使乘客未坐在座椅的中心位置，也能得到良好的保护。此外，这样的气袋还具有较小的体积，可以节约成本并且缩短气袋膨胀且展开到位所需的时间。
需要注意的是，虽然在上述实施例中，由主面板12形成的柱形结构为上下底表面为梯形的柱形结构，但是由主面板12形成的柱形结构不限于此，而是还可以包括其他类型的柱形结构。图4A-4C示出了根据本发明 的实施例的柱形结构的变形例的示意图，其中以柱形结构的与车辆高度方向垂直的截面来表示柱形结构。根据本发明的一些实施例，可以在气袋11内设置拉带，该拉带可以在气袋11膨胀且展开时控制气袋11的展开方向和/或展开形状。例如，拉带的一端可以固定在柱形结构的朝向座椅40一侧的侧表面上，另一端固定到朝向前挡风玻璃30的侧表面上。由此，在气袋11的膨胀且展开状态下，可以在柱形结构的朝向座椅40一侧的侧表面上形成内凹部。因此，本发明的由主面板12形成的柱形结构也包括类似于如图4A所示的侧表面发生变形的柱形结构。根据一些其他实施例，拉带的两端还可以固定到其他适合的位置，从而形成其他所需要的柱形结构(如图4B所示)。此外，由主面板12形成的柱形结构不限于上下底表面为梯形的柱形结构，也可以包括上下底表面为矩形的柱形结构(如图4C所示)。在这种情况下，第一和第二副面板13A、13B可以相应地均构造为矩形。
尽管已经参考示例性实施例描述了本发明，但是应理解，本发明并不限于上述实施例的构造和方法。相反，本发明意在覆盖各种修改例和等同配置。另外，尽管在各种示例性结合体和构造中示出了所公开发明的各种元件和方法步骤，但是包括更多、更少的元件或方法的其它组合也落在本发明的范围之内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种车辆的安全气囊模块，所述安全气囊模块安装在所述车辆仪表板的内部，所述安全气囊模块包括：
    充气装置；以及
    气袋，其设置有充气口并且经由所述充气口与所述充气装置连接，所述气袋包括长条状主面板以及第一和第二副面板，其中所述主面板的两个横向端部相连接形成大致柱形结构，所述第一和第二副面板的外周边缘分别连接到所述柱形结构的上周边缘和下周边缘以覆盖所述柱形结构的上下表面，其中
    当所述气袋处于膨胀且展开的状态下时，所述柱形结构的高度方向与所述车辆的高度方向相一致。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车辆的安全气囊模块，其特征在于，
    所述第一和第二副面板呈梯形，其中当所述气囊处于膨胀且展开的状态下时，所述第一和第二副面板的窄端布置成沿所述车辆的前后方向朝向所述仪表板一侧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的车辆的安全气囊模块，其特征在于，
    所述主面板的两个横向端部之间的接合处位于所述柱形结构的除朝向所述车辆的座椅一侧的侧表面以外的侧表面上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的车辆的安全气囊模块，其特征在于，
    所述充气口设置在所述主面板上，并且当所述气袋处于膨胀且展开的状态下时，所述充气口位于所述柱形结构的沿所述车辆的前后方向朝向所述仪表板一侧的侧表面上沿高度方向的中间位置处。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的车辆的安全气囊模块，其特征在于，
    所述主面板包括凹入部分，所述凹入部分的宽度小于所述主面板的其他部分的宽度，其中所述充气口设置在所述凹入部分中。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的车辆的安全气囊模块，其特征在于，所述安全气囊模块还包括拉带，所述拉带设置在所述气袋内部并且在 所述气袋膨胀且展开时控制所述气袋的展开方向和/或展开形状。
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