WO2018058695A1 - 指纹图像处理系统 - Google Patents

指纹图像处理系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018058695A1
WO2018058695A1 PCT/CN2016/101421 CN2016101421W WO2018058695A1 WO 2018058695 A1 WO2018058695 A1 WO 2018058695A1 CN 2016101421 W CN2016101421 W CN 2016101421W WO 2018058695 A1 WO2018058695 A1 WO 2018058695A1
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Prior art keywords
pixel
bit stream
data
fingerprint image
processing system
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PCT/CN2016/101421
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵维民
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深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2016/101421 priority Critical patent/WO2018058695A1/zh
Priority to EP16898152.0A priority patent/EP3324630A4/en
Priority to CN201680001057.0A priority patent/CN106464895A/zh
Priority to KR1020177032694A priority patent/KR102047776B1/ko
Priority to US15/784,204 priority patent/US10448059B2/en
Publication of WO2018058695A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018058695A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/90—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
    • H04N19/91—Entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or arithmetic coding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/30—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
    • G06F21/31—User authentication
    • G06F21/32—User authentication using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voiceprints
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T9/00—Image coding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/182—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a pixel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/42—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by implementation details or hardware specially adapted for video compression or decompression, e.g. dedicated software implementation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/593—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial prediction techniques

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fingerprint image processing system, and more particularly to a fingerprint image processing system that can increase the amount of transmitted data.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a fingerprint image processing system that improves the amount of fingerprint image transmission and solves the problem of insufficient bandwidth of the transmission interface.
  • the present invention provides a fingerprint image processing system including a pixel conversion circuit for converting a signal of a finger fingerprint into a first bit stream, and the first bit stream has a first a data compression unit connected to the pixel conversion circuit for performing data volume compression on the first bit stream to generate a second bit stream, and the second bit stream has a second data amount And wherein the second amount of data is less than the first amount of data.
  • a data buffer is further connected to the compression circuit for storing the second bit stream; and a first processing interface is connected between the data buffer and a processor for And reading the second bit stream stored in the data buffer according to a transmission request of a second processing interface of the processor, and transmitting to the processor.
  • the pixel conversion circuit includes a pixel matrix unit for converting the signal of the finger fingerprint into an electronic signal; an analog front end unit connected to the pixel matrix unit, sampling and reducing the pixel Noise of an electronic signal of the matrix unit; an analog to digital converter coupled to the analog front end unit for converting an electronic signal of the analog front end unit into a digital signal; and a clock controller for following a default sequence Each digital signal is converted into the first bit stream.
  • the compression circuit includes a subtractor for subtracting a target pixel of the first bit stream from a predicted pixel to generate a residual value; and an entropy encoder coupled to the subtractor, And the entropy encoding the residual value generated by the subtractor to generate a raw bit stream and a reconstructed pixel; and a reconstructed pixel buffer connected to the entropy encoder for storing the reconstructed pixel; a prediction unit, coupled to the reconstructed pixel buffer, for generating the predicted pixel according to the predicted pixel corresponding to at least one neighboring pixel at a position where the predicted pixel is located when the reconstructed pixel buffer is stored.
  • the entropy encoder is entropy encoded by Huffman coding or Glenb coding.
  • the compression circuit further comprises a pre-header unit coupled to the entropy encoder for encoding the original bit stream into the second bit stream.
  • the fingerprint image processing system provided by the present invention compresses the fingerprint image by compressing the fingerprint image to increase the amount of data transmitted by the fingerprint image and solve the problem of insufficient bandwidth of the transmission interface.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fingerprint image processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a compression circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a pixel input manner of a reconstructed pixel buffer according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of reconstructed pixels stored in a reconstructed pixel buffer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fingerprint image processing system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fingerprint image processing system 10 includes a pixel conversion circuit 102, a compression circuit 104, a data buffer 106, a first processing interface 108, and a processor 110.
  • the processor 110 includes a second processing interface 112.
  • the pixel conversion circuit 102 is configured to convert a signal of a finger fingerprint into a first bit stream Stream_1, for example, to convert a photon sensed by the optical fingerprint sensor into a bit stream.
  • the compression circuit 104 is connected to the pixel conversion circuit 102 for compressing the first bit stream Stream_1 to generate a second bit stream Stream_2, wherein a second data amount of the second bit stream Stream_2 is smaller than the first bit stream Stream_1 A first amount of data.
  • the data buffer 106 is connected to the compression circuit 104 for storing the second bit stream Stream_2 generated by the compression circuit 104.
  • the first processing interface 108 Connected to the data buffer 106 for reading a second bit stream Stream_2 stored in the data buffer 106 according to a transmission request of the second processing interface 112 of the processor 110, and transmitting it to the processor 110 for subsequent processing. Used when fingerprinting.
  • the Serial Peripheral Interface Slave that is, the first processing interface 108
  • SPI master Serial Peripheral Interface Master
  • the proposed transmission requires that the sequence peripheral interface device end (ie, the first processing interface 108) reads the second bit stream Stream_2 from the data buffer 106 and transmits it to the processor 110 to restore the second bit stream Stream_2 by the processor 110.
  • the original finger fingerprint image is used and subsequent fingerprint recognition is performed. In this way, by compressing the fingerprint image through the fingerprint image processing system 10, the resolution of the transmitted fingerprint image can be improved, and the subsequent fingerprint identification system can perform more precise comparison.
  • the pixel conversion circuit 102 further includes a pixel matrix unit 114, an analog front end unit 116, an analog to digital converter 118, and a clock controller 120.
  • the pixel matrix unit 114 is used to convert the signal of the finger fingerprint into an electronic signal.
  • the analog front end unit 116 is coupled to the pixel matrix unit for sampling the electronic signals of the pixel matrix unit 114 and removing noise and amplifying it to an appropriate voltage for transmission to the analog to digital converter 118.
  • the electronic signal from the analog front end unit 116 is converted to a digital signal by an analog to digital converter 118.
  • the clock controller 120 (Timing Controller) converts the digital signal into the first bit stream Stream_1 according to a default order.
  • the fingerprint image processing system 10 can perform near-distortionless image compression on the first bit stream Stream_1 through the compression circuit 104.
  • the compression circuit 104 performs 1, 1/2 on the first bit stream Stream_1.
  • Data compression processing of 1/4 or 1/8 level to generate a second bit stream Stream_2 and stored in the data buffer 106.
  • the transmission request can be submitted to the first processing interface 108 through the second processing interface 112, and the received compressed data is restored by the processor 110 to the original original image. For fingerprint identification.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a compression circuit 104 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the compression circuit 104 includes a subtractor 202, an entropy encoder 204, a reconstructed pixel buffer 206, a prediction unit 208, and a pre-header unit 210.
  • the compression circuit 104 receives the first bit stream Stream_1 from the pixel conversion circuit 102, and when the compression circuit 104 processes each of the target pixel X in the first bit stream Stream_1, the target pixel is provided by the reconstructed pixel buffer 206.
  • a plurality of reconstructed pixels adjacent to X are transmitted to the prediction unit 208, and then a plurality of reconstructed pixels adjacent to the target pixel X are generated via the prediction unit 208 to generate a predicted pixel X'.
  • the subtractor 202 subtracts the target pixel X in the first bit stream Stream_1 from the predicted pixel X' generated by the prediction unit 208 to generate a residual value, and the residual value is obtained by the entropy encoder 204 connected to the subtractor 202.
  • entropy coding such as Huffman Code or Golomb-Rice Code
  • a raw bit stream Stream_original ie, a bit stream of the compressed fingerprint image
  • reconstruct the pixel bit stream ie, use
  • the reconstructed pixels to the prediction unit 208 are provided.
  • the original bit stream Stream_original generated by the entropy encoder 204 is further passed through the pre-header unit 210, and the pre-header header is added to form a complete second bit stream Stream_2.
  • the second bit stream Stream_2 can be stored in the data buffer 106.
  • the first processing interface 108 reads the compressed second bit stream Stream_2 stored in the data buffer 106 and transmits it to the processor 110.
  • the present invention compresses the image data of the fingerprint by the compression circuit, and can provide the fingerprint image of the biometric feature with finer and higher image resolution to the processor, thereby increasing the data transmission amount and solving the insufficient transmission bandwidth. The problem.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a pixel input manner of a reconstructed pixel buffer 206 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of a reconstructed pixel stored in the reconstructed pixel buffer 206 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the reconstructed pixels generated by the entropy encoder 204 are input to the reconstructed pixel buffer 206 in a left-to-right, top-to-bottom manner.
  • prediction unit 208 wants to generate predicted pixel X' for target pixel X
  • the reconstructed pixel buffer 206 outputs the neighboring pixels A, B, C, D, E, and F corresponding to the predicted pixel X' to the prediction unit 208 to generate the predicted pixel X'.
  • the pixel conversion circuit can be used to convert an optical fingerprint signal into an electronic signal, and can also be applied to a capacitive fingerprint identification system to compress a capacitive fingerprint signal to improve transmission efficiency and predict pixels. Adjacent pixels, different image compression methods can also be used according to different system requirements, which are all within the scope of the present invention.
  • the present invention utilizes a compression circuit to compress an image with high resolution and large data volume into data with a small amount of data for transmission, thereby improving the amount of data transmitted during fingerprint recognition and solving the problem of insufficient transmission bandwidth. The problem.

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  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种指纹图像处理系统，包括一像素转换电路，用来将一手指指纹的一信号转换成一第一比特流，且所述第一比特流具有一第一数据量；以及一压缩电路，连接于所述像素转换电路，用来对所述第一比特流进行数据量压缩，以产生一第二比特流，且所述第二比特流具有一第二数据量；其中，所述第二数据量小于所述第一数据量。本发明提供的指纹图像处理系统可增加光学指纹辨识的指纹图像传输数据量，以及解决传输接口带宽不足的优点。

Description

指纹图像处理系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种指纹图像处理系统，尤其涉及一种可增加传输数据量的指纹图像处理系统。
背景技术
随着科技的发展与进步，移动电话、数字相机、平板计算机、笔记本电脑等移动电子装置已经成为了人们生活中不可或缺的工具。为了能够有效避免个人移动电子装置的内部数据遭窃，各种不同的保护方法也随之产生。例如，密码认证、声纹辨识或指纹辨识等，其中，近期光学式指纹辨识受到广泛的使用。然而，现行使用于移动装置的指纹图像处理系统中的传输数据的模块，受限于序列周边接口(Serial Peripheral Interface，SPI)于双面软式电路板(Flexible Print Circuit，FPC)、连接器(Connector)以及主系统(Host)之间的传输速度不能太快(约10Mhz)。除此之外，为了达到更细致的生物特征的指纹图像，具有高像素分辨率的图像往往造成指纹图像传输的速度过慢，而导致传输的带宽不足。
因此，如何提供一种提升指纹图像的传输量，并且解决传输接口带宽不足问题的指纹图像处理系统也就成为业界所努力的目标之一。
发明内容
因此，本发明的主要目的即在于提供一种提升指纹图像传输量及解决传输接口带宽不足问题的指纹图像处理系统。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种指纹图像处理系统，包括一像素转换电路，用来将一手指指纹的一信号转换成一第一比特流，且所述第一比特流具有一第一数据量；一压缩电路，连接于所述像素转换电路，用来对所述第一比特流进行数据量压缩，以产生一第二比特流，且所述第二比特流具有一第二数据量；以及其中，所述第二数据量小于所述第一数据量。
优选地，还包括一数据缓冲器，连接于所述压缩电路，用来存放所述第二比特流；以及一第一处理接口，连接于所述数据缓冲器与一处理器之间，用来根据所述处理器的一第二处理接口的一传输要求，读取存放于所述数据缓冲器的所述第二比特流，并传输至所述处理器。
优选地，所述像素转换电路包括一像素矩阵单元，用来将所述手指指纹的所述信号，转换成为电子信号；一模拟前端单元，连接于所述像素矩阵单元，取样且削减所述像素矩阵单元的电子信号的噪声；一模拟数字转换器，连接于所述模拟前端单元，用来将所述模拟前端单元的电子信号，转换成为数字讯号；以及一时钟控制器,用来依照默认顺序将每个数字讯号，转换成所述第一比特流。
优选地，所述压缩电路包括一减法器，用来将所述第一比特流的一目标像素与一预测像素相减，以产生一残余值；一熵编码器，连接于所述减法器，用来将所述减法器产生的所述残余值进行熵编码，产生一原始比特流以及一重建像素；一重建像素缓冲器，连接于所述熵编码器，用来存放所述重建像素；以及一预测单元，连接于所述重建像素缓冲器，用来根据所述预测像素对应存放于所述重建像素缓冲器时，所述预测像素所在位置的至少一个邻近像素，以产生所述预测像素。
优选地，所述熵编码器是通过霍夫曼编码或格伦布编码进行熵编码。
优选地，所述压缩电路还包括一前置标头单元，连接于所述熵编码器，用来将所述原始比特流编成所述第二比特流。
本发明提供的指纹图像处理系统利用压缩指纹图像的处理，压缩原始指纹图像的数据量，以增加指纹图像的传输数据量并且解决传输接口带宽不足的问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的一指纹图像处理系统的示意图。
图2为本发明实施例的一压缩电路的示意图。
图3A为本发明实施例的一重建像素缓冲器的像素输入方式的示意图。
图3B为本发明实施例存储于重建像素缓冲器的重建像素的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
请参考图1，图1为本发明实施例的一指纹图像处理系统10的示意图。指纹图像处理系统10包含一像素转换电路102、一压缩电路104、一数据缓冲器106、一第一处理接口108以及一处理器110。其中，处理器110包含一第二处理接口112。像素转换电路102用来将一手指指纹的一信号转换成一第一比特流Stream_1，例如将光学指纹传感器所感测到的光子转换为比特流。压缩电路104连接于像素转换电路102，用来对第一比特流Stream_1进行压缩，以产生一第二比特流Stream_2，其中，第二比特流Stream_2的一第二数据量小于第一比特流Stream_1的一第一数据量。数据缓冲器106，连接于压缩电路104，用来存放压缩电路104所产生的第二比特流Stream_2。此外，第一处理接口108 连接于数据缓冲器106，用来根据处理器110的第二处理接口112的一传输要求，读取存放于数据缓冲器106的第二比特流Stream_2，并传输至处理器110，以进行后续进行指纹辨识时使用。举例来说，序列周边接口设备端(Serial Peripheral Interface Slave，SPI slave)，即第一处理接口108可根据来自序列周边接口主设备端(Serial Peripheral Interface master，SPI master)，即第二处理接口112所提出的传输要求，序列周边接口设备端(即第一处理接口108)自数据缓冲器106读出第二比特流Stream_2并传输至处理器110，以通过处理器110将第二比特流Stream_2还原为原始的手指指纹图像，并进行后续的指纹辨识比对。如此一来，透过指纹图像处理系统10对指纹图像进行压缩，可提高传输指纹图像的分辨率，让后续指纹辨识系统可以进行更精密的比对。
详细来说，像素转换电路102另包含一像素矩阵单元114、一模拟前端单元116、一模拟数字转换器118以及一时钟控制器120。像素矩阵单元114用来将手指指纹的信号转换成为电子信号。模拟前端单元116连接于像素矩阵单元，用来取样像素矩阵单元114的电子信号并且去除噪声，并将其放大到适当的电压，以传送至模拟数字转换器118。通过模拟数字转换器118将来自模拟前端单元116的电子信号转换成数字讯号。接着，时钟控制器120(Timing Controller)依照一默认顺序,将数字讯号转换成第一比特流Stream_1。在此实施例中，指纹图像处理系统10可通过压缩电路104对第一比特流Stream_1进行近乎无失真的图像压缩，举例来说，压缩电路104对第一比特流Stream_1进行1、1/2、1/4或1/8等级的数据压缩处理，以产生第二比特流Stream_2并存储于数据缓冲器106。如此一来，当处理器110欲进行指纹辨识时，则可通过第二处理接口112向第一处理接口108提出传输要求，并且通过处理器110将所收到的压缩数据还原原来的原始图像，以进行指纹辨识。
请继续参考图2，图2为本发明实施例的压缩电路104的示意图。压缩电路104包含一减法器202、一熵编码器204、一重建像素缓冲器206、一预测单元208以及一前置标头单元210。在此实施例中，压缩电路104接收来自像素转换电路102的第一比特流Stream_1，当压缩电路104处理第一比特流Stream_1中的每一个目标像素X时，由重建像素缓冲器206提供目标像素X邻近的多个重建像素至预测单元208，再经由预测单元208根据目标像素X邻近的多个重建像素以产生一预测像素X’。接着，减法器202将第一比特流Stream_1中的目标像素X与预测单元208所产生的预测像素X’相减以产生一残余值，并由连接于减法器202的熵编码器204对残余值进行熵编码，如霍夫曼编码(Huffman Code)或格伦布编码(Golomb-Rice Code)，以产生一原始比特流Stream_original(即压缩后指纹图像的比特流)以及重建像素比特流(即用来提供至预测单元208的重建像素)。其中，经由熵编码器204所产生的原始比特流Stream_original再通过前置标头单元210时，加上前置档头标题而编成完整的第二比特流Stream_2。其中，第二比特流Stream_2可存储于数据缓冲器106中。因此，当处理器110的第二处理接口112的提出一传输要求时，第一处理接口108读取存放于数据缓冲器106中，经过压缩后的第二比特流Stream_2，并传输至处理器110，以传输具有高分辨率的原始图像。如此一来，本发明通过压缩电路将指纹的图像数据压缩后，可提供具有更细致且更高图像分辨率的生物特征的指纹图像至处理器，以增加数据的传输量，并且解决传输带宽不足的问题。
详细来说，关于预测单元208产生预测像素的方法，请参考图3A及图3B。图3A为本发明实施例的重建像素缓冲器206的像素输入方式，图3B为本发明实施例存储于重建像素缓冲器206的重建像素的示意图。如图3A所示，通过熵编码器204所产生的重建像素以由左到右，由上到下的方式输入至重建像素缓冲器206中。举例来说，当预测单元208欲产生对于目标像素X的预测像素X’ 时，则重建像素缓冲器206输出对应于预测像素X’的邻近像素A、B、C、D、E及F至预测单元208，以产生预测像素X’。
需注意的是，前述实施例是用以说明本发明的概念，本领域技术人员可据以做不同的修饰，而不限于此。举例来说，像素转换电路除了可用来将光学式指纹信号转换为电子信号，也可应用于电容式指纹辨识系统中，将电容式指纹信号进行压缩，以提高传输效率、预测像素时所根据的邻近像素，也可以根据不同的系统需求，采用不同图像压缩的方法，皆属本发明的范畴。
综上所述，本发明利用压缩电路，将具有高分辨率及大数据量的图像，压缩为数据量较小的数据以便于传输，进而提高指纹辨识时传输的数据量，以及解决传输带宽不足的问题。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种指纹图像处理系统，其特征在于，包括：
    一像素转换电路，用来将一手指指纹的一信号转换成一第一比特流，且所述第一比特流具有一第一数据量；以及
    一压缩电路，连接于所述像素转换电路，用来对所述第一比特流进行数据量压缩，以产生一第二比特流，且所述第二比特流具有一第二数据量；
    其中，所述第二数据量小于所述第一数据量。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的指纹图像处理系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    一数据缓冲器，连接于所述压缩电路，用来存放所述第二比特流；以及
    一第一处理接口，连接于所述数据缓冲器与一处理器之间，用来根据所述处理器的一第二处理接口的一传输要求，读取存放于所述数据缓冲器的所述第二比特流，并传输至所述处理器。
  3. 如权利要求1-2中任一项所述的指纹图像处理系统，其特征在于，所述像素转换电路包括：
    一像素矩阵单元，用来将所述手指指纹的所述信号转换成为电子信号；
    一模拟前端单元，连接于所述像素矩阵单元，用来取样且削减所述像素矩阵单元的电子信号的噪声；
    一模拟数字转换器，连接于所述模拟前端单元，用来将所述模拟前端单元的电子信号转换成为数字讯号；以及
    一时钟控制器,用来依照一默认顺序将数字讯号，转换成所述第一比特流。
  4. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的指纹图像处理系统，其特征在于，所述压缩电路包括：
    一减法器，用来将所述第一比特流的一目标像素与一预测像素相减，以产生一残余值；
    一熵编码器，连接于所述减法器，用来将所述减法器产生的所述残余值进行熵编码，以产生一原始比特流以及一重建像素；
    一重建像素缓冲器，连接于所述熵编码器，用来存放所述重建像素；以及
    一预测单元，连接于所述重建像素缓冲器，用来根据所述预测像素对应存放于所述重建像素缓冲器时所述预测像素所在位置的至少一个邻近像素，产生所述预测像素。
  5. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的指纹图像处理系统，其特征在于，所述熵编码器是通过霍夫曼编码或格伦布编码进行熵编码。
  6. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的指纹图像处理系统，其特征在于，所述压缩电路还包括：
    一前置标头单元，连接于所述熵编码器，用来将所述原始比特流编成所述第二比特流。
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