WO2018052070A1 - Système de transmission de puissance en courant continu et dispositif de commande de convertisseur de puissance - Google Patents

Système de transmission de puissance en courant continu et dispositif de commande de convertisseur de puissance Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018052070A1
WO2018052070A1 PCT/JP2017/033228 JP2017033228W WO2018052070A1 WO 2018052070 A1 WO2018052070 A1 WO 2018052070A1 JP 2017033228 W JP2017033228 W JP 2017033228W WO 2018052070 A1 WO2018052070 A1 WO 2018052070A1
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Prior art keywords
power
power converter
voltage
converter
capacitor
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PCT/JP2017/033228
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
慧 関口
卓郎 新井
隆太 長谷川
尚隆 飯尾
Original Assignee
株式会社 東芝
東芝エネルギーシステムズ株式会社
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Publication of WO2018052070A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018052070A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/49—Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a DC power transmission system and a control device for a power converter.
  • DC power transmission system When the DC power transmission system is applied to long-distance high-power power transmission, it is possible to reduce the cost of the equipment and to construct a highly efficient system with less transmission loss compared to the conventional three-phase AC power transmission system.
  • a power converter such as a converter that converts generated AC power into DC power for DC transmission and an inverter that converts transmitted DC power into AC in the city is required.
  • MMC Modular Multilevel Converter
  • the present embodiment has been proposed to solve the above-described problem, and a DC power transmission system capable of starting a self-excited converter even when power necessary for initial charging cannot be stably supplied from an AC system And it aims at providing the control apparatus of a power converter.
  • the DC power transmission system of the embodiment has the following configuration.
  • a power converter linking the AC system and the DC system is provided at each terminal of the DC power transmission network having two or more terminals.
  • the power converter includes a power converter that corresponds to an AC system in which an operating power supply is linked, and performs first initial charging with power obtained by converting AC to DC.
  • the power converter corresponds to an AC system that cannot supply power necessary for initial charging, and includes a power converter that performs second initial charging with DC power from the DC power transmission network.
  • the block diagram which shows the DC power transmission system of 1st and 2nd embodiment The block diagram which shows the circuit example of the power converter of 1st and 2nd embodiment. The block diagram which shows a part of power converter of FIG.
  • the control block diagram of the DC power transmission system of 1st and 2nd embodiment The block diagram which shows a part of power converter of 2nd Embodiment.
  • the DC power transmission system to which the present embodiment is applied is connected to each terminal of a DC power transmission network having a plurality of DC power transmission lines S1, S2, S3,. Are connected to power converters C1, C2, C3,... Connected to AC systems A1, A2, A3,.
  • the DC power transmission lines S1, S2, S3,... In the DC power transmission network are connected at one node np.
  • the power transmission line S, the AC system A, and the power converter C may be used.
  • the AC system A3 of the terminal (3) cannot supply power necessary for initial charging. Inability to supply power necessary for initial charging means that the scale of the AC system is smaller than that of terminals (1) and (2), or the power source is not connected.
  • the case where the power supply is not connected includes the case where the power supply is temporarily disconnected and the case where the power supply does not exist.
  • a DC side switch is arranged on the DC side of each terminal (1), (2), (3).
  • the power converter C is a self-excited converter MMC (Modular Multilevel Converter).
  • MMC Modular Multilevel Converter
  • the power converter C is connected between the three-phase AC power transmission system A and the DC power transmission line S.
  • the power converter C has a total of six arms Amp and Amn on the positive side and negative side in which a plurality of chopper cells CE are connected in series, and six reactors Re for short circuit current suppression. .
  • a reactor Re is connected to each of the positive arm Amp and the negative arm Amn, and these are connected to each other.
  • connection points of the arms Amp and Amn are three-phase output terminals R, S, and T, which are connected to the AC side.
  • the other terminal of the positive arm Amp and the negative arm Amn becomes a two-terminal output terminal P, N by being connected in three phases, and is connected to the DC side.
  • Each arm Amp, Amn is provided with current detectors Crp, Csp, Ctp and current detectors Crn, Csn, Ctn for controlling the power converter.
  • Each chopper cell CE includes two switching elements Tr1 and Tr2, two diodes Di1 and Di2, and a capacitor Co.
  • the switching elements Tr1 and Tr2 are elements having a self-extinguishing capability such as IGBT and are connected in series.
  • each switching element Tr1, Tr2 is connected to a signal line for inputting a control signal for on / off switching.
  • the diodes Di1 and Di2 are rectifier elements connected in antiparallel to the switching elements Tr1 and Tr2.
  • the capacitor Co is connected in parallel to the switching elements Tr1 and Tr2 connected in series.
  • the voltage detector for detecting the capacitor voltage and the power of the capacitor Co for driving or controlling the switching elements Tr1 and Tr2 are used.
  • An internal power supply device is connected to convert the power into To start the internal power supply device, a capacitor voltage of a certain value or more is required.
  • the MMC using the chopper cell CE in this way is referred to as a half bridge MMC.
  • the power converters C1, C2, C3,... Have control devices 101, 102, 103,.
  • the control devices 101, 102, 103,... Have a switching unit 110, a command unit 120, and a voltage control unit 130.
  • the switching unit 110 instructs the power converters C1, C2, C3,... To switch presence / absence of interconnection with the AC systems A1, A2, A3,.
  • the command unit 120 instructs the power converters C1, C2, C3,... Whether to use the gate block or cancel the gate block.
  • the voltage control unit 130 switches the switching elements Tr1 of the power converters C1, C2, C3,... So that the capacitor voltage average value in the power converters C1, C2, C3,. , Tr2 is controlled to perform feedback control of DC current.
  • the voltage control unit 130 includes an average value calculation unit 131, a command value input unit 132, a capacitor voltage control unit 133, a direct current control unit 134, and a command value output unit 135.
  • the average value calculation unit 131 calculates the average value of the capacitor voltage detected by the voltage detector.
  • the command value input unit 132 takes a difference from the average value calculated by the average value calculation unit 131.
  • the capacitor voltage control unit 133 converts the input command value into a direct current command value. This applies a gain of PI control described later.
  • the DC current control unit 134 converts the input DC current command value into a DC voltage command value. This also adds a gain for PI control. However, the sign is-so as to reduce the voltage and draw the current.
  • the command value output unit 135 adds the DC voltage of the DC power transmission network and the DC voltage command value, and outputs the result to the power converter C as a DC output voltage command value.
  • the charging current flows out to the direct current side, so that the direct current lines S1, S2, S3,... Are simultaneously charged to a predetermined rated value Vdc. That is, in the case of the half bridge ⁇ C, when the capacitor C Cincinnati of the chopper cell CE is charged from the AC side, the voltage on the DC side also increases. Since the DC side switch is closed before charging, the potential difference between the DC side of the power converters C1 and C2 and the DC lines S1, S2, S3,... Is eliminated. Thereby, the terminals (1), (2),..., And the power converters C1, C2,... On the side that have risen earlier control the voltage so that the DC voltage of the DC power network becomes constant. In addition, as will be described later, the power converter C3 on the terminal (3) side charged from the DC power network performs current control so as to draw current into its own terminal.
  • the power converter C3 which is the half-bridge ⁇ C of the terminal (3), is in a gate block state, but the capacitor voltage is finally converted to a DC voltage for each phase by charging current flowing through the diode Di of the chopper cell CE. Vdc / 2N divided by the number of cells.
  • the power converter C3 of the terminal (3) releases the gate block state at time t3 according to the instruction of the command unit 120, and charges the capacitor voltage to the rated value Vc by controlling the direct current as the charging current. .
  • the power converter C3 in order for the power converter C3 to release the gate block state and to drive and control the switching elements Tr1 and Tr2, it is necessary to start up an internal power supply device that converts the power of each capacitor Co into driving and control power There is.
  • the power converters C1 and C2 control the voltage Vdc of the DC power transmission network so that the initial capacitor voltage Vdc / 2N of the power converter C3 is equal to or higher than the voltage necessary for starting the internal power supply.
  • the average value calculation unit 131 calculates the average value of the capacitor voltage to be controlled.
  • the command value input unit 132 takes a difference between the capacitor voltage and the calculated average value.
  • the command value of the capacitor voltage is gradually increased from the initial value Vdc / 2N to the rated value Vc between times t3 and t4.
  • the capacitor voltage control unit 133 determines the direct current command value by multiplying the input command value by the proportional control gain K 1P and the integral control gain K 1P / s.
  • the direct current controller 134 converts the input direct current command value into a direct current voltage command value by multiplying the input direct current command value by a proportional control gain ⁇ K 2P and an integral control gain ⁇ K 2P / s.
  • the negative gain is controlled so that the voltage drops and current is drawn.
  • the command value output unit 135 adds the rated or detected DC voltage of the DC power transmission network and the DC voltage command value, and outputs the result to the power converter C3 as a DC output voltage command value.
  • the power converter C3 operates the switching elements Tr1 and Tr2 based on the DC output voltage command value.
  • each chopper cell CE is given a DC output voltage command value obtained by dividing the DC output voltage command value by the number of cells 2N for each phase.
  • the active power is formed by the DC current and the DC voltage output from the chopper cell CE, the capacitor C Cincinnati is charged, and the capacitor voltage follows the command value.
  • the capacitor voltage control unit 133 when the current average value is smaller than the capacitor voltage command value, the capacitor voltage control unit 133 generates a positive DC current command value in the direction in which the capacitor C Cincinnati is charged. Since the DC current control unit 134 converts this into a negative DC voltage command value, the DC output voltage command value of each phase becomes a value smaller than the DC voltage.
  • the capacitor voltage to be controlled is determined as the average value for each phase, and the DC current command value for each phase is determined, or the DC current command value for the three-phase total is determined from the average value of all capacitor voltages. Good. When the latter is applied, it is necessary to separately control the capacitor voltage average value of each phase.
  • the power converter C3 of the terminal (3) is charging, for example, when the terminals (1) and (2) are controlled as a DC voltage control terminal and a DC current control terminal, respectively, a special additional operation is performed. Instead, by the operation of the power converter C1 at the terminal (1), power necessary for initial charging is indirectly supplied from the AC system A1 to the power converter C3 at the terminal (3) through the DC power transmission network.
  • the DC voltage control terminal keeps the voltage of the DC power transmission network constant, and the DC current control terminal controls the power flow to follow the command value. It is not necessary to change the power flow command value of the terminal (2) which is the direct current control terminal for the initial charging of the terminal (3).
  • the power flow at the terminal (1), which is the DC voltage control terminal is determined depending on the power flow at the other terminals. Therefore, no additional operation is required for the DC voltage control terminal. As described above, since the terminals (1) and (2) do not need information on the terminal (3), this embodiment can be realized without communication between the terminals.
  • the power converters C1, C2, which link the AC system and the DC system to the terminals (1), (2), (3),. C3,... are provided, and the power converters C1, C2, C3,... Correspond to the AC systems A1, A2,.
  • the present invention can also be applied to a so-called black start that starts up without an AC power supply.
  • the MMC since the MMC has a large number of capacitors with large stored energy inside, it is necessary to have a lot of power at the time of initial charging as compared with a normal two-level converter.
  • the capacity and cost of the additional facility may increase.
  • the initial charging can be performed without such additional equipment, the required area and cost can be reduced.
  • a part of the power converters C1, C2,... That have completed the first initial charging serves as a DC voltage control terminal for keeping the voltage of the DC power transmission network constant, and the power converter C1 serves as a DC voltage control terminal.
  • the voltage of the DC power transmission network is controlled to be higher than a necessary voltage in order to start the internal power supply device that supplies power for driving / control to the switching elements Tr1 and Tr2 of the power converter C3.
  • the power converter C3 can start driving and controlling the switching elements Tr1 and Tr2 with reference to the voltage of the DC power transmission network maintained constant by the power converter C1 at the DC voltage control terminal, and the DC current control terminal
  • the second initial charge can be stably performed without affecting the power flow.
  • the power converters C1, C2, C3,... are half bridges ⁇ C.
  • the voltage on the DC side can be increased by charging the capacitor Co of the chopper cell CE from the AC side.
  • the DC current is controlled by controlling the switching element of the power converter C3 so that the capacitor voltage average value follows the voltage command value of the capacitor.
  • Voltage control unit 130 for performing the feedback control is provided.
  • the voltage control unit 130 gradually increases the voltage command value of the capacitor Co from a value obtained by dividing the initial value of the DC voltage by the number of chopper cells CE for each phase.
  • the DC voltage was divided by the number of chopper cells CE so far. If a voltage command is given suddenly, the DC current will flow in at a stretch, resulting in an overcurrent. Since it adversely affects C3 and the power converters C1, C2,... That have risen earlier, the influence on the power converters C1, C2, C3,... Is prevented by gradually increasing the voltage command. is doing.
  • the switching unit 110 is provided to link the power converter C3 to the AC system. For this reason, the capacitor Co can be charged up to a voltage that can be linked to the AC system.
  • the DC side switch is closed before the initial charging of the power converters C1, C2,.
  • an overcurrent is generated in the DC transmission network due to a potential difference between the DC side of the power converters C1 and C2 and the DC lines S1, S2, S3,. If the circuit is closed before charging, there is no potential difference at both ends of the DC-side switch and no overcurrent is generated. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a current limiting element such as a resistor, and the voltage / current duty of the device can be reduced.
  • Each full bridge cell FC includes four switching elements Tr1 to Tr4 having four self-extinguishing capabilities, four diodes Di1 to Di4, and a capacitor C.
  • a circuit in which two sets of parallel circuits of switching elements Tr3 and Tr4 and diodes Di3 and Di4 are connected in series to a chopper cell CE including switching elements Tr1 and Tr2, diodes Di1 and Di2, and a capacitor Co is added.
  • the capacitor C Chrome is a voltage detector that detects the capacitor voltage and converts the electric power of the capacitor Co into electric power for driving or controlling the switching elements Tr1 to Tr4, as in the case of the half bridge ⁇ C. Internal power supply is connected.
  • the power converters C1, C2 in the case of the power converters C1, C2,. That is, in the case of the full bridge ⁇ C, even if the capacitor Co of the full bridge cell FE is charged from the AC side, the DC side voltage does not rise and the DC system is not charged. There is a need. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the power converters C1 and C2 at the terminals (1) and (2) gradually increase the DC voltage output from time t3 to t4 from zero to the rated value Vdc, Charge the DC line.
  • the capacitor voltage finally becomes a DC voltage when the charging current is conducted through the diodes Di1 to Di4 of the full bridge cell FE.
  • Vdc / 2N divided by the number of cells per phase.
  • the power converters C1 and C2 control the voltage Vdc of the DC power transmission network so that Vdc / 2N is equal to or higher than the voltage necessary for starting the drive / control internal power supply device of the power converter C3.
  • the power converter C3 of the terminal (3) releases the gate block state at time t5 according to the instruction of the command unit 120, and charges the capacitor voltage to the rated value Vc by controlling the direct current as the charging current. .
  • the control by the voltage control unit 130 is the same as in the case of the first embodiment, and it is not necessary to change the control specially.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne : un système de transmission de puissance en courant continu qui permet de démarrer un convertisseur à auto-excitation même lorsqu'il n'est pas possible de fournir la puissance nécessaire à une charge initiale stable à partir d'un système d'alimentation en courant alternatif; et un dispositif de commande d'un convertisseur de puissance. Selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention, des convertisseurs de puissance C1, C2, C3, … connectant des systèmes d'alimentation en courant alternatif et un système d'alimentation en courant continu sont fournis à chacune des bornes (1), (2), (3), … dans un réseau de transmission de puissance en courant continu ayant deux bornes ou plus et lesdits convertisseurs de puissance C1, C2, C3, … comprennent des convertisseurs de puissance C1, C2, … pour réaliser une première charge initiale à l'aide de la puissance obtenue par conversion d'une puissance en courant alternatif en une puissance en courant continu en réponse à des systèmes d'alimentation en courant alternatif A1, A2, … auxquels une alimentation électrique de fonctionnement est connectée et un convertisseur de puissance C3 pour effectuer une seconde charge initiale à l'aide de la puissance en courant continu obtenue à partir du réseau de transmission de puissance en courant continu en réponse à un système d'alimentation en courant alternatif qui n'est pas capable de fournir la puissance nécessaire à la charge initiale.
PCT/JP2017/033228 2016-09-14 2017-09-14 Système de transmission de puissance en courant continu et dispositif de commande de convertisseur de puissance WO2018052070A1 (fr)

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JP2016179172A JP2018046641A (ja) 2016-09-14 2016-09-14 直流送電システム及び電力変換器の制御装置
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CN108493982A (zh) * 2018-04-26 2018-09-04 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 柔性直流输电系统电压控制方法和装置
CN108683204A (zh) * 2018-04-08 2018-10-19 许继集团有限公司 一种子模块混合式换流器直流侧短路时的充电方法
CN110571814A (zh) * 2019-07-31 2019-12-13 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 一种基于阻容器件的能量控制电路及方法
CN111541259A (zh) * 2020-04-23 2020-08-14 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 混合多端直流输电系统的充电控制方法、装置和介质
CN113497552A (zh) * 2020-04-02 2021-10-12 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 一种柔性直流输电系统换流器孤岛启动方法

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JP7134306B2 (ja) * 2020-11-11 2022-09-09 三菱電機株式会社 電力変換システムおよびその制御装置
JP6910579B1 (ja) * 2020-11-11 2021-07-28 三菱電機株式会社 電力変換システムおよびその制御装置

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108683204A (zh) * 2018-04-08 2018-10-19 许继集团有限公司 一种子模块混合式换流器直流侧短路时的充电方法
CN108493982A (zh) * 2018-04-26 2018-09-04 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 柔性直流输电系统电压控制方法和装置
CN108493982B (zh) * 2018-04-26 2020-06-30 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 柔性直流输电系统电压控制方法和装置
CN110571814A (zh) * 2019-07-31 2019-12-13 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 一种基于阻容器件的能量控制电路及方法
CN113497552A (zh) * 2020-04-02 2021-10-12 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 一种柔性直流输电系统换流器孤岛启动方法
CN111541259A (zh) * 2020-04-23 2020-08-14 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 混合多端直流输电系统的充电控制方法、装置和介质
CN111541259B (zh) * 2020-04-23 2021-07-30 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 混合多端直流输电系统的充电控制方法、装置和介质

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