WO2018051619A1 - Système endoscopique - Google Patents

Système endoscopique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018051619A1
WO2018051619A1 PCT/JP2017/025200 JP2017025200W WO2018051619A1 WO 2018051619 A1 WO2018051619 A1 WO 2018051619A1 JP 2017025200 W JP2017025200 W JP 2017025200W WO 2018051619 A1 WO2018051619 A1 WO 2018051619A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
signal
color filter
image
filter
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PCT/JP2017/025200
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
龍 大田
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オリンパス株式会社
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Priority to JP2018502445A priority Critical patent/JPWO2018051619A1/ja
Publication of WO2018051619A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018051619A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an endoscope system, and more particularly to an endoscope system capable of both narrowband light observation and white light observation.
  • narrow-band light observation such as NBI (Narrow Band Imaging) or BLI (Blue Laser Imaging)
  • NBI Near Band Imaging
  • BLI Blue Laser Imaging
  • Narrow-band light observation can facilitate the detection of a lesion.
  • an image pickup device provided with a color filter of RGB Bayer arrangement is used so that a normal light image such as a white light image can be obtained with high color reproducibility simultaneously with a narrow band light image.
  • Patent Document 2 a pixel of interest is selected based on color filter information to be used, and noise processing is performed by changing a reading area and a reading position.
  • image processing there is a problem that gain is applied to image information and noise increases.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and is an internal view that can acquire a normal light image with low noise and high color reproducibility while being able to acquire a high-resolution narrow-band light image.
  • An object is to provide a mirror system.
  • One embodiment of the present invention includes a light source device having a plurality of solid state lighting elements that emit light of different colors and a color filter array including a two-dimensionally arranged color filter of a plurality of colors, and the light from the light source device A first solid-state lighting element that emits blue light having a peak intensity in a blue wavelength region, and a green color having a peak intensity in a green wavelength region.
  • the cyan color filter has sensitivity in the green and blue wavelength regions, and has a cyan color filter.
  • ⁇ is the ratio (CyB / CyG) of the sensitivity (CyB) in the blue wavelength region of the cyan color filter to the sensitivity (CyG) in the green wavelength region of the cyan color filter
  • ⁇ is , The ratio (L1 / L2) of the light quantity (L1) of the blue light to the light quantity (L2) of the green light.
  • the blue light and green light reflected by the subject are converted into the blue color filter (B filter) of the color filter array.
  • a cyan color filter (Cy filter) respectively, and are detected by the B pixel and the Cy pixel of the image sensor, respectively.
  • conditional expression (2) the B information acquired by the Cy pixel is increased while maintaining a good balance between the amounts of blue light and green light.
  • conditional expression (2) a high-resolution narrowband light image based on the B information acquired by the B and Cy pixels can be obtained while maintaining the high color reproducibility of the normal light image.
  • the ratio of the number of pixels corresponding to the cyan color filter to the total number of pixels of the image sensor may be a quarter or more. By doing so, it is possible to increase the resolution of the narrow-band light image while maintaining the image quality of the normal light image.
  • the blue wavelength region may be 390 nm or more and 495 nm or less, and the green wavelength region may be more than 495 nm and 570 nm or less.
  • the light source device includes a third solid-state illumination element that emits purple light having a peak intensity in a purple wavelength region, and the first solid-state illumination element and the third solid-state illumination element in the narrow-band light observation mode.
  • the solid state lighting element may be turned on.
  • the violet wavelength region may be 380 nm or more and 440 nm or less.
  • Purple light reflected by the subject passes through the B filter and is detected by the B pixel. Therefore, in the narrowband light observation mode, the B signal and the Cy signal including the B information and the G information necessary for generating the narrowband light image can be obtained with appropriate strength. Thereby, the gain multiplied by the B signal and the Cy signal in the image processing can be suppressed, and a low-noise narrow-band light image can be obtained.
  • the present invention it is possible to acquire a normal light image with low noise and high color reproducibility while being able to acquire a high-resolution narrow-band light image.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an endoscope system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the color filter array which the image pick-up element of the endoscope system of FIG. 1 has. It is a figure which shows the spectral sensitivity characteristic of the color filter array of FIG. It is a figure which shows the spectral characteristic of the white light output from the light source device of the endoscope system of FIG. 1 in normal observation mode.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a spectral characteristic of reflected light detected by an image sensor under illumination of white light in FIG. 4 in a normal observation mode. It is a figure which shows the spectral characteristic of the reflected light of FIG. 5 after white balance adjustment.
  • an endoscope system 1 includes an elongated scope 2 that is inserted into a body and that irradiates a subject with illumination light and acquires an image signal, and a proximal end of the scope 2.
  • a drive control device 3 is connected to supply illumination light to the scope 2 and generate an image, and a monitor 4 is connected to the drive control device 3.
  • the scope 2 includes an illumination optical system 5 that irradiates a subject with illumination light, and an imaging optical system 6 that receives reflected light of the illumination light from the subject and obtains an image signal of the subject.
  • the illumination optical system 5 is disposed in the scope 2 along the longitudinal direction and guides the illumination light from the proximal end to the distal end.
  • the illumination optical system 5 is provided at the distal end of the scope 2 and emitted from the distal end of the light guide member 7.
  • an illumination lens 8 for emitting the illumination light toward the front of the distal end of the scope 2.
  • An imaging optical system 6 is provided at the distal end of the scope 2 and collects an objective lens 9 that collects reflected light from the subject, and an imaging element 10 that captures an image of the subject connected by the objective lens 9 and acquires an image signal. And an analog / digital (AD) converter 11 for converting the image signal output from the image sensor 10 into a digital signal.
  • AD analog / digital
  • FIG. 2 shows a part of a color filter array 12 provided on the imaging surface of the imaging device 10 and made up of a number of two-dimensionally arranged color filters.
  • the color filter array 12 is obtained by replacing the G filter with a Cy filter in a so-called Bayer array.
  • the color filter array 12 includes a blue color filter (B filter), a cyan color filter (Cy filter), and a red color filter (R filter).
  • B filter blue color filter
  • Cy filter cyan color filter
  • R filter red color filter
  • One unit array is composed of one B filter, two Cy filters, and one R filter arranged in a square, and the unit arrays are arranged in the row direction and the column direction.
  • Each color filter corresponds to one pixel of the image sensor 10.
  • pixels corresponding to the B filter, the Cy filter, and the R filter are referred to as a B pixel, a Cy pixel, and an R pixel, respectively. Therefore, the ratio of the number of Cy pixels to the total number of pixels of the image sensor 10 is 1 ⁇ 2.
  • the B pixel, the Cy pixel, and the R pixel detect the light transmitted through the B filter, the Cy filter, and the R filter, respectively, and acquire the B signal, the Cy signal, and the R signal, respectively.
  • the B signal, the Cy signal, and the R signal are transmitted to the image processing device 14 in the drive control device 3 via the AD converter 11.
  • FIG. 3 shows spectral sensitivity characteristics (spectral transmission characteristics) of the B filter, Cy filter, and R filter, that is, spectral sensitivity characteristics of the B pixel, Cy pixel, and R pixel.
  • the B filter has sensitivity in a blue wavelength region (B region) and selectively transmits blue light. Therefore, the B pixel has a high sensitivity in the B region, and outputs a B signal including information on reflected light (B information) in the B region.
  • the B region is not less than 390 nm and not more than 495 nm, and includes part of the purple wavelength region (V region).
  • the Cy filter has sensitivity in the B region and the green wavelength region (G region), and selectively transmits purple, blue, and green light.
  • the Cy pixel has high sensitivity in the B region and the G region, and outputs a Cy signal including the B information and the information on the reflected light in the G region (G information).
  • the G region is greater than 495 nm and less than or equal to 570 nm.
  • the R filter has sensitivity in a red wavelength region (R region) and selectively transmits red light. Therefore, the R pixel has high sensitivity in the R region and outputs an R signal including information (R information) of reflected light in the R region.
  • the drive control device 3 includes a light source device 13 that generates illumination light and an image processing device 14 that processes an image signal received from the imaging optical system 6 to generate an image.
  • the light source device 13 includes four-color LEDs 15V, 15B, 15G, and 15R, and a light source control unit 16 that controls turning on and off of the LEDs 15V, 15B, 15G, and 15R.
  • the V-LED (third solid state lighting element) 15V emits purple light (V light) having a peak intensity in the V region.
  • the V region is not less than 380 nm and not more than 440 nm, and partially overlaps with the B region.
  • the B-LED (first solid state lighting element) 15B emits blue light (B light) having a peak intensity in the B region and a longer wavelength than the V light.
  • the G-LED (second solid state lighting element) 15G emits green light (G light) having a peak intensity in the G region.
  • the R-LED 15R emits red light (R light) having a peak intensity in the R region.
  • V light, B light, G light, and R light emitted from the LEDs 15V, 15B, 15G, and 15R are combined with each other by the combining optical system 17, and enter the condenser lens 18 along a single optical axis.
  • the light is condensed on the base end surface of the light guide member 7 by the condenser lens 18.
  • the multiplexing optical system 17 is composed of a combination of a plurality of dichroic mirrors, for example.
  • the light source control unit 16 and the image processing device 14 operate in either a normal observation mode for acquiring a white light image or an NBI mode (narrowband light observation mode) for acquiring an NBI image.
  • the light source control unit 16 turns on the V-LED 15V, the B-LED 15B, the G-LED 15G, and the R-LED 15R at the same time.
  • white light generated from the V light, B light, G light, and R light is supplied from the light source device 13 to the light guide member 7, and the white light is irradiated onto the subject.
  • the reflected light of V light and B light is detected by the B pixel and the Cy pixel
  • the reflected light of G light is detected by the Cy pixel
  • the reflected light of R light is detected by the R pixel. Is done.
  • the light source control unit 16 may sequentially turn on the LEDs 15V, 15B, 15G, and 15R, and the reflected light of V light, B light, G light, and R light may be sequentially detected by the image sensor 10.
  • the image processing apparatus 14 executes the following image processing. First, by multiplying the B signal, Cy signal, and R signal by a gain for white balance adjustment, white balance adjustment of the B signal, Cy signal, and R signal is performed as shown in FIG. In the example of FIGS. 5 and 6, since the B signal is larger than the Cy signal and the R signal, only the Cy signal and the R signal are multiplied by the gain.
  • the B signal multiplied by the gain for color separation is subtracted from the Cy signal.
  • B information is dominant in the information included in the B signal. Therefore, G information included in the Cy signal is obtained as a difference between the Cy signal and the B signal.
  • the R signal is assigned to the R channel, the extracted G information is assigned to the G channel, and the remainder of the Cy signal and the B signal are assigned to the B channel, thereby having the same color as when the subject is seen with the naked eye. A white light image is generated.
  • the light source control unit 16 turns on the V-LED 15V and the G-LED 15G at the same time, and turns off the B-LED 15B and the R-LED 15R.
  • the V light and the G light are supplied from the light source device 13 to the light guide member 7 and irradiated onto the subject.
  • reflected light of V light is detected by the B pixel and Cy pixel
  • reflected light of G light is detected by the Cy pixel.
  • FIG. 8 shows intensity spectra of light detected by the B pixel, Cy pixel, and R pixel when it is assumed that the V light and G light shown in FIG. 7 are incident on the image sensor 10.
  • the image processing apparatus 14 executes the following image processing.
  • the G information included in the Cy signal is calculated as a difference by subtracting the B signal multiplied by the gain from the Cy signal.
  • the extracted G information is assigned to the R channel, and the remainder of the Cy signal and the B signal are assigned to the B channel and the G channel, respectively, thereby generating an NBI image.
  • the image processing device 14 transmits the generated white light image or NBI image to the monitor 4.
  • the monitor 4 displays the received white light image or NBI image.
  • the observation mode changeover switch 19 allows the user to select one of the normal observation mode and the NBI mode. Information on the selected mode is transmitted from the observation mode switch 19 to the light source control unit 16 and the image processing device 14.
  • the light source control unit 16 controls the LEDs 15V, 15B, 15G, and 15R according to the received mode information, and the image processing device 14 generates a white light image or an NBI image according to the received mode information.
  • the Cy filter has a spectral sensitivity characteristic that satisfies the following conditional expression (1). 0.3 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1.3
  • ⁇ CyB / CyG.
  • CyB is the sensitivity in the B region of the Cy filter
  • CyG is the sensitivity in the G region of the Cy filter.
  • CyB and CyG are, for example, integral values in the B region (390 nm to 495 nm) and the G region (495 nm to 570 nm) of the transmission curve of the Cy filter shown in FIG.
  • Conditional expression (1) defines the ratio of the sensitivity of the B region and the sensitivity of the G region of the Cy filter. Since the information on the capillaries existing on the surface layer of the living tissue is included in the B information, the sensitivity of the B region of the Cy filter contributes to the improvement of the resolution of the NBI image. On the other hand, the sensitivity of the G region of the Cy filter contributes to the color reproducibility of the white light image.
  • conditional expression (1) the balance between the G information and the B information acquired by the Cy pixel is in a range suitable for both high color reproducibility of the white light image and high resolution of the NBI image.
  • the G information increases and the color reproducibility of the white light image is improved.
  • the B information acquired by the Cy pixels is reduced (that is, the Cy filter characteristic is general).
  • the effect of improving the resolution of the NBI image becomes weaker as it approaches the characteristics of the G filter.
  • ⁇ exceeds 1.3 the B information acquired by the Cy pixel increases, so that the resolution of the NBI image increases, but it becomes difficult to separate the G information and B information included in the Cy signal.
  • G information is extracted by simply subtracting the B signal from the Cy signal, the G information is reduced and the color reproducibility of the white light image is deteriorated.
  • the Cy signal is multiplied by a gain in order to obtain high color reproducibility, the noise of the Cy signal increases, leading to a reduction in the image quality of the white light image.
  • the B light and G light output from the LEDs 15B and 15G have light quantities that satisfy the following conditional expression (2). 0.25 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1.2 (2)
  • ⁇ L1 / L2.
  • L1 is the amount of B light
  • L2 is the amount of G light.
  • L1 is an integral value in the B region of the B light intensity curve shown in FIG. 4
  • L2 is an integral value in the G region of the G light intensity curve shown in FIG. 4, for example.
  • the light amounts L1 and L2 are adjusted to be within the range of the expression (2), for example, by the light source control unit 16 controlling the outputs of the LEDs 15B and 15G.
  • Conditional expression (2) is such that the intensity balance of the B signal, Cy signal, and R signal acquired by the imaging device 10 using the Cy filter that satisfies conditional expression (1) in the normal observation mode is good. It defines the color balance of white light generated by the light source device 13.
  • the intensity difference between the B signal, the Cy signal, and the R signal is large, it is necessary to multiply the B signal, the Cy signal, and the R signal by a large gain in order to adjust the white balance of the white light image.
  • the increase in the light amount L1 of the B light contributes to the improvement of the resolution of the NBI image.
  • the gain for color-separating the G information and B information of the Cy signal increases. This increases the noise of the white light image.
  • conditional expression (2) high color reproducibility of a white light image can be obtained with a small gain for white balance adjustment. Furthermore, G information and B information of the Cy signal can be separated with a small color separation gain, and noise in the white light image can be suppressed.
  • the B information acquired by the B pixel and the Cy pixel is insufficient, and in order to obtain high color reproducibility of the white light image, the B information must be amplified with a large gain. In other words, the noise of the white light image increases.
  • ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ is greater than 1.2, the amount of light incident on the B pixel is greater than the amount of light incident on the Cy pixel, and the B pixel saturates earlier than the Cy pixel, thereby reproducing the color of the narrowband light image. May be reduced.
  • the Cy signal In order to obtain high color reproducibility, the Cy signal must be multiplied by a large gain, which increases the noise of the NBI image.
  • the light source control unit 16 controls the LEDs 15V, 15B, 15G, and 15R in the normal observation mode, so that the subject is irradiated with white light. Then, reflected light of white light is detected by the image sensor 10, and a B signal including information on reflected light of V light and B light, and a Cy signal including information of reflected light of V light, B light, and G light, The R signal including information on the reflected light of the R light is transmitted to the image processing device 14. In the image processing device 14, the R signal is assigned to the R channel, the difference between the Cy signal and the B signal is assigned to the G channel, and the remainder of the Cy signal and the B signal are assigned to the B signal. Generated and displayed on the monitor 4.
  • the light source control unit 16 controls the LEDs 15V, 15B, 15G, and 15R in the NBI mode, so that the subject is irradiated with V light and G light. Then, the reflected light of the V light and the G light is detected by the imaging device 10, and the Cy signal including the information on the reflected light of the V light and the G light and the B signal including the information on the reflected light of the V light are image processing apparatuses. 14 is transmitted. In the image processing device 14, the difference between the Cy signal and the B signal is assigned to the R channel, and the remainder of the Cy signal and the B signal are assigned to the G and B channels, whereby an NBI image is generated and displayed on the monitor 4. Is done.
  • the imaging element 10 by providing the imaging element 10 with the Cy filter that transmits the light in the V, B, and G regions, the reflected light of the V light is detected by the Cy pixel in addition to the B pixel. Is done. Accordingly, there is an advantage that B information used for generating an NBI image can be increased and a high-resolution NBI image can be acquired. Further, by satisfying conditional expressions (1) and (2), there is an advantage that both the high resolution of the NBI image and the high color reproducibility and low noise of the white light image can be achieved. That is, high color reproducibility of the white light image can be obtained without multiplying each signal by a large gain in the white light image generation processing.
  • FIGS. 9 to 20 show modified examples of the optical characteristics of the color filters and LEDs 15V, 15B, 15G, and 15R.
  • the sensitivity of the G region of the Cy filter is higher and the amounts of V light and B light are smaller than in the examples shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the color filter array 12 has a unit array composed of four color filters arranged in a square, but the color filter array pattern of the color filter array 12 is not limited to this. .
  • the number of Cy filters may be one and the number of R filters or B filters may be two.
  • the unit array may be configured by 9 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 3 color filters or 16 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 4 color filters.
  • the ratio of the number of Cy filters to the total number of color filters in the color filter array is 4 minutes so that the ratio of the number of Cy pixels to the total number of pixels of the image sensor is equal to or more than 1/4. It is preferably 1 or more.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)
  • Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Afin d'acquérir une image en lumière normale qui a un faible bruit et une reproduction élevée des couleurs tout en permettant l'acquisition d'une image de lumière à bande étroite à haute résolution, l'invention concerne un système endoscopique (1) qui est pourvu d'un dispositif (13) de source lumineuse qui présente deux éléments d'éclairage (15B, 15G) à l'état solide qui émettent respectivement une lumière B et une lumière G et un élément d'imagerie (10) qui présente un réseau de filtres de couleur comprenant un filtre Cy et un filtre B, le filtre Cy présentant une sensibilité dans une région G et dans une région B et le filtre Cy, la lumière B et la lumière G satisfaisant aux équations (1) et (2). Dans les équations, α est un rapport de la sensibilité du filtre Cy dans la région B par rapport à la sensibilité du filtre Cy dans la région G et β est un rapport de la quantité de lumière de la lumière B par rapport à la quantité de lumière de la lumière G. 0,3 ≤ α ≤ 1,3 … (1) 0,25 ≤ α×β ≤ 1,2 … (2)
PCT/JP2017/025200 2016-09-14 2017-07-11 Système endoscopique WO2018051619A1 (fr)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015066050A (ja) * 2013-09-27 2015-04-13 富士フイルム株式会社 内視鏡システム及びプロセッサ装置並びに作動方法
JP2016042913A (ja) * 2014-08-20 2016-04-04 オリンパス株式会社 感度調整方法および撮像装置

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015066050A (ja) * 2013-09-27 2015-04-13 富士フイルム株式会社 内視鏡システム及びプロセッサ装置並びに作動方法
JP2016042913A (ja) * 2014-08-20 2016-04-04 オリンパス株式会社 感度調整方法および撮像装置

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