WO2018045730A1 - 一种驾驶员操控状态提示系统 - Google Patents

一种驾驶员操控状态提示系统 Download PDF

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WO2018045730A1
WO2018045730A1 PCT/CN2017/075441 CN2017075441W WO2018045730A1 WO 2018045730 A1 WO2018045730 A1 WO 2018045730A1 CN 2017075441 W CN2017075441 W CN 2017075441W WO 2018045730 A1 WO2018045730 A1 WO 2018045730A1
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Prior art keywords
brake
steering
led
acceleration
operational amplifier
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PCT/CN2017/075441
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李小军
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李小军
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Publication of WO2018045730A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018045730A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/34—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating change of drive direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/44—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating braking action or preparation for braking, e.g. by detection of the foot approaching the brake pedal

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, and in particular to a vehicle driving control state prompting system.
  • Car rear-end collision is a common traffic accident. It accounts for a very high proportion of traffic accidents and is prone to cause serious damage. Especially when driving at high speed, it will bring serious property damage and personal injury to the owner. If a rear-end collision occurs in the morning and evening peak hours, it will seriously affect the traffic order and cause traffic congestion.
  • the main cause of the rear-end collision was that the rear car did not maintain sufficient distance from the preceding vehicle, and the brakes caused the emergency braking to cause the rear car to dodge, resulting in a rear-end collision.
  • the emergency steering of the preceding vehicle is also the cause of traffic accidents such as rear-end collisions. Therefore, maintaining the safety distance is the most important method to avoid rear-end collisions.
  • the existing vehicle systems are not aimed at automobile defense. In order to carry out the necessary protective measures, the driver's naked eye can only judge the distance from the preceding vehicle. Not only the error is large, but also the driver's slack can cause the brake to react too slowly, and it is still prone to rear-end collision.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a driver's driving control state prompting system, so that the driver of the following vehicle can clearly know the driving control state of the preceding driver (fueling, steering, and Brake), so that you can respond in time to avoid being judged by human judgment The resulting rear-end accident.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a vehicle driving control state prompting system comprising a power supply, a brake/acceleration/steering state detector (or acquiring data through a vehicle driving system), an operational amplifier, a main control chip, an LED driver, and an LED indicator;
  • the brake/acceleration/steering/state detector is configured to detect a brake signal, an acceleration signal, and a steering signal, and send the brake signal, the acceleration signal, and the steering signal to the operational amplifier;
  • the operational amplifier is configured to amplify the brake signal, the acceleration signal, and the steering signal, and send the amplified brake signal and the amplified acceleration signal and the steering to the main control chip;
  • the main control chip controls the LED driver according to the magnitude of the operational amplifier value, thereby lighting a corresponding number of LED indicators;
  • the LED indicator light comprises a brake indicator bar, an acceleration indicator bar and a steering indicator bar
  • the brake indicator bar, the acceleration indicator bar and the steering indicator bar each comprise a plurality of LED lights
  • the LED driver is controlled according to the amplified brake signal Illuminating a corresponding number of LED lights in the brake indicator bar to indicate a current brake state of the brake, and the LED driver controls the corresponding number of LED lights in the acceleration indicator bar according to the amplified acceleration signal, Instructing the current acceleration state, the LED driver controlling the corresponding number of LED lights in the rotation direction indicator bar according to the amplified steering signal to indicate the current steering state;
  • the power source is configured to provide an adapted voltage for the brake state detector, the acceleration state detector, the steering state monitor, the operational amplifier, and the LED driver.
  • the brake state detector includes any one or more of a distance measuring sensor, a pressure measuring sensor, a speed measuring sensor, and an angular displacement sensor.
  • the brake/acceleration state detector is a distance measuring sensor
  • the distance measuring sensor adopts a wire drawing sensor, and when the wire of the wire drawing sensor is not pulled out, the output voltage is 0V, when the wire drawing sensor After the pull wire is pulled out, the output voltage changes according to the length of the pull wire.
  • the wire sensor is a WXY30 wire drawing sensor, and the measuring range is 0-400 mm. Its output voltage varies between 0-5V.
  • the steering state monitor is RV24YN20SB502 with a range of 0-560° and an output voltage varying between 0-5V, wherein 0-2.5V means left turn and 2.5-5V means right turn.
  • the operational amplifier uses a low voltage powered operational amplifier with a supply voltage of 1.8-5.5V.
  • the operational amplifier is an OPA2333 operational amplifier with a preset supply voltage of 5V.
  • the LED driver employs a high dimming ratio LED constant current driver PT4115.
  • the power supply includes a first power supply module and a second power supply module
  • the first power supply module is a buck voltage regulator module, configured to provide an adaptation voltage to the brake state detector and the operational amplifier.
  • the second power supply module is a linear voltage regulator module for providing an adaptation voltage to the LED driver.
  • the first power supply module is an LM2576HVT-5 buck regulator module having an input voltage of 12V and an output voltage of 5V for supplying power to the brake state detector and the operational amplifier;
  • the power supply module is a LM2576HVT-3.3 step-down voltage regulator module, which can convert a 5V DC voltage into a 3.3V DC voltage to supply power to the main control chip, and the LED driver is directly powered by a 12V power supply.
  • the car anti-collision prompting system further comprises a voice prompting device, and the voice prompting device is configured to generate voice prompt information according to the lighting condition of the brake indicator bar and/or the acceleration indicator bar.
  • the automobile anti-collision prompting system provided by the invention can display in real time the driver's driving state of the motor vehicle during the driving process, especially the braking state, the acceleration state and the steering state, thereby reminding the driver of the following vehicle to do it in time.
  • Corresponding countermeasures are taken to avoid or reduce the occurrence of rear-end collisions and related accidents.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle anti-collision prompting system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an LED indicating screen according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a power supply system
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a WXY30 pull line sensor and an RV24YN20SB502 angular displacement sensor and a plurality of OPA2333 operational amplifiers;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a main control chip circuit based on C8051F020;
  • Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of a PT4115 based LED driver.
  • the automobile anti-collision prompting system comprises a power source 1 and a power source; 2. a brake/acceleration/steering state detector; 3. an operational amplifier; Main control chip 5, LED driver; 6, LED indicator;
  • the brake/acceleration/steering state detector 2 is configured to detect a brake signal, an acceleration signal, and a turn signal, and send the brake signal, the acceleration signal, and the steering signal to the operational amplifier 3;
  • the operational amplifier 3 is configured to amplify the brake signal, the acceleration signal and the steering signal, and send the amplified brake signal, the amplified acceleration signal and the steering signal to the main control chip 4, and the main control chip 4 Controlling the LED driver 5 according to the magnitude of the operational amplifier output value;
  • the LED indicator lamp 6 is provided with a brake indicator bar 61, an acceleration indicator bar 62 and a steering indicator bar 63.
  • the brake indicator bar 61, the acceleration indicator bar 62 and the steering indicator bar 63 each comprise a plurality of LED lights, LEDs.
  • the driver 5 drives the corresponding number of LED lights in the brake indicator bar 61 according to the brake light control signal output from the main control chip 4 to indicate the current braking state.
  • the LED driver 5 drives the corresponding number of LED lights in the acceleration indicator bar 62 according to the acceleration lamp control signal output from the main control chip 4 to indicate the current acceleration state of the brake.
  • the LED driver 5 is based on the steering direction and the output of the main control chip 4 The degree will illuminate the corresponding number of LEDs to show the current steering status.
  • the power source 1 is used to supply an adapted voltage to the brake/acceleration/steering state detector 2, the operational amplifier 3, the master chip 4, and the LED driver 5.
  • the key to driving a car is the driver's prejudgment of the driving environment.
  • the driving control state prompting system provided by the invention can display in real time the driving state of the motor vehicle during the driving process, especially the braking state, the acceleration state and the steering state, thereby reminding the driver of the following vehicle to do it in time. Corresponding countermeasures are taken to avoid or reduce the occurrence of rear-end collisions and related accidents.
  • the brake indicator bar 61 and the acceleration indicator bar 62 can be distinguished by LED lights of different colors.
  • the red LED light is used to form the brake indicator bar 61.
  • the green LED lamp is used to form the acceleration indicator bar 62.
  • the yellow LED lights are used to form the indicator bars 63 and 64. When turning, all the yellow LED lights are not bright; according to the direction and extent of the rotation, the corresponding number of yellow LED lights on the left and right sides are illuminated.
  • the brake/acceleration/steering state detector 2 includes any one or more of a distance measuring sensor, a pressure measuring sensor, a speed measuring sensor, and a goniometer displacement sensor.
  • a distance measuring sensor e.g., a pressure measuring sensor
  • a speed measuring sensor e.g., a speed measuring sensor
  • a goniometer displacement sensor e.g., a Bosch Sensortec BMA150 senor
  • other types of sensors may be used, which cooperate with the above-mentioned sensors to be installed at different positions of the vehicle to detect the running state of the vehicle. Or, directly access the relevant data directly through the car EDU interface.
  • the distance measuring sensor uses a wire drawing sensor for detecting the braking distance.
  • the output voltage is 0V, and when the pull wire of the wire pull sensor is pulled out, the output voltage changes according to the length of the pull wire.
  • the wire sensor is a WXY30 wire sensor with a range of 0-400 mm and an output voltage varying between 0-5V.
  • the steering state monitor is RV24YN20SB502 with a range of 0-560° and an output voltage varying between 0-5V, wherein 0-2.5V means left turn and 2.5-5V means right turn.
  • the operational amplifier uses a low voltage power supply operational amplifier with a supply voltage of 1.8-5.5V.
  • the operational amplifier is an OPA2333 operational amplifier with a preset supply voltage of 5V.
  • the LED driver employs a high dimming ratio LED constant current driver PT4115.
  • the power supply 1 includes a first power supply module 11 and a second power supply module 12 , wherein the first power supply module 11 is a buck voltage regulator module for the brake state detector 2 and the operational amplifier 3 The adaptation voltage is provided, and the second power supply module 12 is a buck voltage regulator module for providing an adaptation voltage to the main control chip 4.
  • the first power supply module 11 is a buck voltage regulator module for the brake state detector 2 and the operational amplifier 3
  • the adaptation voltage is provided
  • the second power supply module 12 is a buck voltage regulator module for providing an adaptation voltage to the main control chip 4.
  • the first power supply module 11 is an LM2576HVT-5 buck regulator module having an input voltage of 12V and an output voltage of 5V for supplying power to the brake state detector 2 and the operational amplifier 3;
  • the second power supply module 12 is the LM2576HVT
  • the -3.3 step-down regulator module has an input voltage of 5V and an output voltage of 3.3V, which is used to supply power to the main control chip 4.
  • the automobile driving control state prompting system further includes a voice prompting device, and the voice prompting device is configured to generate voice prompt information according to the lighting condition of the brake indicating bar 61 and/or the acceleration indicating bar 62.
  • the LED indicator 6 can also display the current driving state of the vehicle to the driver of the rear vehicle by displaying different shapes, and the combination of sound and graphics enables the driver of the following vehicle to obtain the vehicle in front of the vehicle more timely and accurately. Information such as braking, acceleration and steering to avoid traffic accidents.
  • the automobile anti-collision prompting system includes a first power supply module based on the LM2576HVT-5 chip, a second power supply module based on the LM2576HVT-3.3 chip, and a WXY30 cable-based sensor.
  • Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of the power supply system, with LM2576HVT-5 and LM2576HVT-3.3 chips As the core, combined with multiple filter capacitors, inductors, and MBR360 diodes, the 12V input DC voltage is converted into the 5V and 3.3V DC voltage required by the system for the op amp circuit and the ranging sensor and the main control chip. Circuit power supply.
  • Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of the WXY30 cable sensor and the RV24YN20SB502 angular displacement sensor and three OPA2333 operational amplifiers.
  • the distance measuring sensor adopts a WXY30 wire drawing sensor with a measuring range of 0-400 mm and an output voltage of 0-5V.
  • the operational amplifier uses a low-voltage power supply op amp OPA2333 with a supply voltage of 1.8-5.5V, which is designed to be 5V in this embodiment.
  • the output voltage of the sensor is 0V; when the pull wire of the wire pull sensor is pulled out, the output voltage changes from 0V to 5V, and this signal is processed by the operational amplifier and output to the main Control chip.
  • RV24YN20SB502 angular displacement sensor changes its output voltage between 0-5V.
  • the angular displacement sensor When the angular displacement sensor is in the middle position, its output is 2.5 ⁇ 1V. At this time, the car does not turn.
  • the steering wheel drives the sensor to turn left, its output voltage is 2.4. -0V, when the steering wheel drives the sensor to turn right, its output voltage is 2.6-5V.
  • This signal is processed by the op amp op amp OPA2333 and output to the master chip.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the main control chip based on C8051F020.
  • the main control chip uses C8051F020 microcontroller.
  • the C8051F series MCU is a fully integrated mixed-signal system-level chip with 12-bit A/D conversion module and multiple digital I/O ports. To control a plurality of LED driving chips PT4115.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a PT4115-based LED driver with a high dimming ratio LED constant current driver PT4115 as a core, combined with a plurality of filter capacitors, inductors, and MBR360 diodes, 2EDGK plug-in terminals, etc. Drive LED illumination.
  • the average current calculation formula by LED is:
  • V DIM is the output voltage of the LED driver and R s is the LED resistance. Therefore, the maximum current through each LED is 330mA, which is slightly less than the maximum current value allowed by the LED of 350mA.
  • the voltage signal is amplified by the operational amplifier.
  • the main control chip controls the corresponding LED driver according to the voltage value of the current sensor output, thereby controlling the corresponding number of LEDs to illuminate and realize the indication function.
  • the automobile anti-collision prompting system provided by the invention can display the driver's control state of the motor vehicle during the driving process, especially the braking state, the acceleration state and the steering state, thereby reminding the driver of the following vehicle to make correspondingly in time. Countermeasures to avoid or reduce the occurrence of rear-end and related accidents.

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Abstract

一种汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统，包括电源(1)、刹车/加速/转向状态检测器(2)、运算放大器(3)、主控芯片(4)、LED驱动器(5)和LED指示灯(6)。刹车/加速/转向状态检测器用于检测刹车/加速/转向信号并发送给运算放大器；运算放大器用于对信号进行放大，主控芯片用放大后的信号控制LED驱动器；LED指示灯组上设置有刹车指示条和加速指示条及转向指示条，这些指示条均包括多个LED灯，LED驱动器根据放大后的信号控制指示条点亮相应个数的LED灯，以指示机动车当前的刹车状态和加速状态及转向状态。这种提示系统能够实时显示刹车/加速/转向的行驶状态，从而提醒后车的驾驶员及时做出应对措施，避免或减少追尾及相关事故的发生。

Description

一种驾驶员操控状态提示系统 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车技术领域，尤其涉及一种汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统。
背景技术
本系统的目的是减少汽车事故的发生率，尤其是汽车追尾事故的发生。汽车追尾事故是一种常见的交通事故，在交通事故中所占的比例非常高，并且容易造成比较严重的车损，尤其在高速上行驶，会给车主带来严重的财产损失和人身伤害。若是在早晚高峰时段发生追尾事故，还会严重影响交通秩序，造成交通拥堵。
导致追尾事故的原因主要是后车未与前车保持足够的车距，刹车紧急制动造成后车躲闪不及，从而引发追尾事故。同时，因为某些原因，前车的紧急转向，同样是导致追尾等交通事故发生的原因，因此，保持安全车距是避免追尾事故最主要的方法，然而现有的汽车系统并没有针对汽车防追尾进行必要的防护措施，只能靠驾驶员的肉眼判断与前车的距离，不仅误差大，而且会因为驾驶员的懈怠，导致刹车制动的反应过慢，依然很容易发生追尾事故。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种汽车驾驶员驾驶控制状态提示系统，使后车的驾驶员能够明确知道前车驾驶员的驾驶控制状态(加油、转向和刹车)，从而及时做出反应，避免因人为判断不准 确而导致的追尾事故。
为实现以上目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统，包括电源、刹车/加速/转向状态检测器(或者通过汽车行车系统中获取数据)、运算放大器、主控芯片、LED驱动器和LED指示灯；
所述刹车/加速/转向/状态检测器用于检测刹车信号、加速信号和转向信号，并将所述刹车信号、加速信号和转向信号发送给所述运算放大器；
所述运算放大器用于对所述刹车信号、加速信号和转向信号进行放大，并将放大后的刹车信号和放大后的加速信号及转向发送给所述主控芯片；
所述主控芯片根据运算放大器值的大小控制所述LED驱动器，从而点亮相应个数的LED指示灯；
所述LED指示灯组成刹车指示条、加速指示条和转向指示条，所述刹车指示条、加速指示条和和转向指示条均包括多个LED灯，所述LED驱动器根据放大后的刹车信号控制所述刹车指示条中点亮相应个数的LED灯，以指示刹车当前的刹车状态，所述LED驱动器根据放大后的加速信号控制所述加速指示条中点亮相应个数的LED灯，以指示当前的加速状态，所述LED驱动器根据放大后的转向信号控制所述转动方向指示条中点亮相应个数的LED灯，以指示当前的转向状态；
所述电源用于为所述刹车状态检测器、所述加速状态检测器、所述转向状态监测器所述运算放大器和所述LED驱动器提供适配的电压。
优选地，所述刹车状态检测器包括测距传感器、测压传感器、测速传感器和角位移传感器中的任意一种或多种。
优选地，当所述刹车/加速状态检测器为测距传感器时，所述测距传感器采用拉线传感器，当所述拉线传感器的拉线没有被拉出时，输出电压为0V，当所述拉线传感器的拉线被拉出后，输出电压根据所述拉线的长度进行变化。
优选地，所述拉线传感器为WXY30拉线传感器，其量程范围为0-400mm， 其输出电压在0-5V之间进行变化。
优选地，所述转向状态监测器为RV24YN20SB502，其量程范围为0-560°，其输出电压在0-5V之间进行变化，其中0-2.5V表示左转，2.5-5V表示右转。
优选地，所述运算放大器采用低压供电运算放大器，其供电电压为1.8-5.5V。
优选地，所述运算放大器为OPA2333运算放大器，预设供电电压为5V。
优选地，所述LED驱动器采用高调光比LED恒流驱动器PT4115。
优选地，所述电源包括第一供电模块和第二供电模块，所述第一供电模块为降压稳压模块，用于向所述刹车状态检测器和所述运算放大器提供适配电压，所述第二供电模块为线性稳压模块，用于向所述LED驱动器提供适配电压。
优选地，所述第一供电模块为LM2576HVT-5降压稳压模块，其输入电压为12V，输出电压为5V，用于向所述刹车状态检测器和所述运算放大器供电；所述第二供电模块为LM2576HVT-3.3降压稳压模块，能够将5V直流电压转换成3.3V直流电压，为所述主控芯片供电，而所述LED驱动器直接采用车上12V电源供电。
优选地，所述汽车防追尾提示系统还包括语音提示装置，所述语音提示装置用于根据所述刹车指示条和/或所述加速指示条的亮灯情况生成语音提示信息。
本发明所提供的汽车防追尾提示系统能够实时展示机动车在行驶过程中，驾驶员对于机动车的驾控状态，尤其是刹车状态、加速状态和转向状态，从而提醒后车的驾驶员及时做出相应的应对措施，避免或减少追尾及相关事故的发生。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例所提供的汽车防追尾提示系统的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例中LED指示屏的示意图；
图3是电源系统的电路示意图；
图4是基于WXY30拉线传感器和RV24YN20SB502角位移传感器以及多个OPA2333运算放大器的电路示意图；
图5是基于C8051F020的主控芯片电路示意图；
图6是基于PT4115的LED驱动器的电路示意图。
图中：1、电源；2、刹车状态检测器；3、运算放大器；4、主控芯片5、LED驱动器；6、LED指示灯；61、刹车指示条；62、加速指示条；63、左转向指示条；64、右转向指示条。
具体实施方式
下面通过附图和实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
本发明提供了一种汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统，如图1所示，所述汽车防追尾提示系统包括电源1、电源；2、刹车/加速/转向状态检测器；3、运算放大器；4、主控芯片5、LED驱动器；6、LED指示灯；
其中，刹车/加速/转向状态检测器2用于检测刹车信号、加速信号和转向信号，并将所述刹车信号、所述加速信号和所述转向信号发送给运算放大器3；
运算放大器3用于对所述刹车信号、所述加速信号和所述转向信号进行放大，并将放大后的刹车信号、放大后的加速信号和转向信号发送给主控芯片4，主控芯片4根据运算放大器输出值的大小控制LED驱动器5；
如图2所示，LED指示灯6上设置有刹车指示条61、加速指示条62和转向指示条63，刹车指示条61、加速指示条62及转向指示条63均包括多个LED灯，LED驱动器5根据主控芯片4输出的刹车灯控制信号驱动刹车指示条61中点亮相应个数的LED灯，以指示当前的刹车状态。LED驱动器5根据主控芯片4输出的加速灯控制信号驱动加速指示条62中点亮相应个数的LED灯，以指示刹车当前的加速状态。LED驱动器5根据主控芯片4输出的转向方向和程 度会点亮相应个数的LED灯，以显示当前的转向状态。
电源1用于为刹车/加速/转向状态检测器2、运算放大器3、主控芯片4和LED驱动器5提供适配的电压。
汽车驾驶的关键是驾驶员对驾驶环境的预判，预判的越早，预判的信息越准确，就能更大限度的避免事故的发生。本发明所提供的汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统能够实时展示机动车在行驶过程中，驾驶员对于机动车的操控状态，尤其是刹车状态、加速状态和转向状态，从而提醒后车的驾驶员及时做出相应的应对措施，避免或减少追尾及相关事故的发生。
这里刹车指示条61和加速指示条62可以采用不同颜色的LED灯以示区分。例如，采用红色LED灯组成刹车指示条61，不刹车时，所有红色LED灯均不亮；轻点刹车时，根据刹车程度，部分红色LED灯亮；急刹车时，红色LED灯亮满格。采用绿色LED灯组成加速指示条62，不加油(加速)时，所有绿色LED灯均不亮；轻加油(加速)时，根据加速程度，部分绿色LED灯亮；加满油(全速)时，绿色LED灯亮满格。采用黄色LED灯组成指示条63、64，转向时，所有黄色LED灯均不亮；根据转动方向和程度，点亮左、右侧相应数量的黄LED灯。
具体地，刹车/加速/转向状态检测器2包括测距传感器、测压传感器、测速传感器和测角位移传感器中的任意一种或多种。或者，还可以采用其它形式的传感器，与上述传感器相配合，设置在汽车的不同位置，对机动车的行驶状态进行检测。或者，直接通过汽车EDU接口直接获取相关数据。
以测距传感器为例，当刹车状态检测器2为测距传感器时，所述测距传感器采用拉线传感器，用于检测刹车距离。当所述拉线传感器的拉线没有被拉出时，输出电压为0V，当所述拉线传感器的拉线被拉出后，输出电压根据所述拉线的长度进行变化。
优选地，所述拉线传感器为WXY30拉线传感器，其量程范围为0-400mm，其输出电压在0-5V之间进行变化。
优选地，所述转向状态监测器为RV24YN20SB502，其量程范围为0-560°，其输出电压在0-5V之间进行变化，其中0-2.5V表示左转，2.5-5V表示右转。
在本发明中，所述运算放大器采用低压供电运算放大器，其供电电压为1.8-5.5V。
优选地，所述运算放大器为OPA2333运算放大器，预设供电电压为5V。
优选地，所述LED驱动器采用高调光比LED恒流驱动器PT4115。
进一步地，如图1所示，电源1包括第一供电模块11和第二供电模块12，其中，第一供电模块11为降压稳压模块，用于向刹车状态检测器2和运算放大器3提供适配电压，第二供电模块12为降压稳压模块，用于向主控芯片4提供适配电压。
优选地，第一供电模块11为LM2576HVT-5降压稳压模块，其输入电压为12V，输出电压为5V，用于向刹车状态检测器2和运算放大器3供电；第二供电模块12为LM2576HVT-3.3降压稳压模块，其输入电压为5V，输出电压为3.3V，用于向主控芯片4供电。
进一步地，所述汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统还包括语音提示装置，所述语音提示装置用于根据刹车指示条61和/或加速指示条62的亮灯情况生成语音提示信息。或者，LED指示灯6还可以通过显示不同的形状来向后车驾驶员展示机动车当前的行驶状态，通过声音与图形相结合的方式，使后车驾驶员能够更加及时准确的获取前车的刹车、加速和转向等信息，从而避免交通事故发生。
下面通过一个具体的实施例对本发明进行详细的阐述。
以20个1W/0.5W高亮LED驱动方案为例，所述汽车防追尾提示系统包括基于LM2576HVT-5芯片的第一供电模块、基于LM2576HVT-3.3芯片的第二供电模块、基于WXY30拉线传感器的测距传感器、2个OPA2333运算放大器和基于C8051F020主控芯片控制PT4115的LED驱动器。
图3是电源系统的电路示意图，以LM2576HVT-5和LM2576HVT-3.3芯片 为核心，结合多个滤波电容、电感、以及MBR360二极管等器件，将12V的输入直流电压转换成系统所需的5V和3.3V直流电压，用来给运算放大器电路和测距传感器及主控芯片电路供电。
图4是WXY30拉线传感器和RV24YN20SB502角位移传感器以及3个OPA2333运算放大器的电路示意图。在本实施例中，测距传感器采用WXY30拉线传感器，量程范围为0-400mm，输出电压为0-5V。运算放大器采用低压供电运放OPA2333，供电电压1.8-5.5V，在本实施例中设计为5V。当拉线传感器的拉线没有被拉出时，传感器的输出电压为0V；当拉线传感器的拉线被拉出后，输出电压从0V到5V之间变化，并将这个信号经运算放大器处理后输出给主控芯片。RV24YN20SB502角位移传感器其输出电压在0-5V之间进行变化，当角位移传感器处于中间位置时，其输出为2.5±1V，此时汽车未转向，当方向盘带动传感器左转时其输出电压为2.4-0V，当方向盘带动传感器右转时其输出电压为2.6-5V。将这个信号经运算放大器运放OPA2333处理后输出给主控芯片。
图5是基于C8051F020的主控芯片电路示意图，主控芯片采用C8051F020单片机，C8051F系列单片机是完全集成的混合信号系统级芯片，拥有12位模数转换模块，和多个数字I/O口，用来控制多个LED驱动芯片PT4115。
图6是基于PT4115的LED驱动器的电路示意图，该电路以高调光比LED恒流驱动器PT4115为核心，结合多个滤波电容、电感、以及MBR360二极管、2EDGK插拔式接线端子等器件，用于驱动LED发光。
其中，通过LED的平均电流计算公式为：
Figure PCTCN2017075441-appb-000001
0.5V≤VDIM≤2.5V；
其中，VDIM为LED驱动器的输出电压，Rs为LED电阻。因此，通过每个LED的最大电流为330mA，略小于LED允许的最大电流值350mA。
根据拉线传感器或者角位移传感器输出的电压信号经运算放大器放大后 输入至主控芯片，主控芯片根据当前传感器输出的电压值控制相应的LED驱动器，从而控制相应个数的LED点亮，实现指示功能。
本发明所提供的汽车防追尾提示系统能够实时展示刹车在行驶过程中，驾驶员对于机动车的操控状态，尤其是刹车状态、加速状态和转向状态，从而提醒后车的驾驶员及时做出相应的应对措施，避免或减少追尾及相关事故的发生。
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统，其特征在于，包括电源、刹车/加速/转向状态检测器、运算放大器、主控芯片、LED驱动器和LED指示灯；
    所述刹车状态检测器用于检测刹车信号、加速信号和转向信号，并将所述刹车信号和所述加速信号和所述的转向信号发送给所述运算放大器；
    所述运算放大器用于对所述刹车信号和所述加速信号及所述转向信号进行放大，并将放大后的刹车信号和放大后的加速信号和放大后的转向信号发送给主控芯片。
    所述主控芯片通过I/O端口控制LED驱动器；
    所述LED指示灯组上有刹车指示条和加速指示条及转向指示条，所述刹车指示条和所述加速指示条及转向指示条均包括多个LED灯，所述主控芯片根据当前传感器输出的电压值控制相应的LED驱动器，从而控制相应个数的LED点亮，
    所述LED指示灯组上有刹车指示条和加速指示条及转向指示条，所述刹车指示条和所述加速指示条及转向指示条均包括多个LED灯，所述LED驱动器根据主控芯片输出的刹车灯、加速灯及转向灯控制信号驱动相应指示条并点亮相应个数的LED灯，以显示当前的转向状态。
    所述电源用于为所述刹车状态检测器、所述运算放大器和所述主控芯片提供适配的电压。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统，其特征在于，所述刹车/加速/转向状态检测器包括测距传感器、测压传感器、测速传感器和角位移传感器中的任意一种或多种。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统，其特征在于，当所述刹车状态检测器为测距传感器时，所述测距传感器采用拉线传感器，当 所述拉线传感器的拉线没有被拉出时，输出电压为0V，当所述拉线传感器的拉线被拉出后，输出电压根据所述拉线的长度进行变化。当所述转向状态检测器为角位移传感器时，当所述角位移传感器在0位时，输出电压为2.5V，当所述角位移传感器的左右转动时，输出电压根据所述角位移的大小进行变化。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统，其特征在于，所述拉线传感器为WXY30拉线传感器，其量程范围为0-400mm，其输出电压在0-5V之间进行变化。所述转向状态监测器为RV24YN20SB502，其量程范围为0-560°，其输出电压在0-5V之间进行变化，其中0-2.5V表示左转，2.5-5V表示右转。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统，其特征在于，所述运算放大器采用低压供电运算放大器，其供电电压为1.8-5.5V。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统，其特征在于，所述运算放大器为OPA2333运算放大器，预设供电电压为5V。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统，其特征在于，所述LED驱动器采用高调光比LED恒流驱动器PT4115。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统，其特征在于，所述电源包括第一供电模块和第二供电模块，所述第一供电模块为所述刹车状态检测器和所述运算放大器提供适配电压，所述第二供电模块为所述主控芯片供电。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统，其特征在于，所述第一供电模块为LM2576HVT-5降压稳压模块，其输入电压为12V，输出电压为5V，用于向所述刹车状态检测器和所述运算放大器供电；所述第二供电模块为LM2576HVT-3.3线性稳压模块，能够将第一供电模块生成的5V直流电压转换成3.3V直流电压，用于向所述主控芯片供电。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统，其特征在于，所述汽车驾驶控制状态提示系统还包括语音提示装置，所述语音提示装置用于根据所述刹车指示条和/或所述加速指示条的亮灯情况生成语音提示信息。
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