WO2018040558A1 - 一种建筑垃圾作为骨料和工业固体废弃物作为掺合料制备气凝胶复合砂岩板的方法 - Google Patents

一种建筑垃圾作为骨料和工业固体废弃物作为掺合料制备气凝胶复合砂岩板的方法 Download PDF

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WO2018040558A1
WO2018040558A1 PCT/CN2017/079510 CN2017079510W WO2018040558A1 WO 2018040558 A1 WO2018040558 A1 WO 2018040558A1 CN 2017079510 W CN2017079510 W CN 2017079510W WO 2018040558 A1 WO2018040558 A1 WO 2018040558A1
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parts
water
agent
construction waste
sandstone
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PCT/CN2017/079510
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨卓舒
孟宪娴
纪轩
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卓达新材料科技集团威海股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2018040558A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018040558A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/14—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/072—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of specially adapted, structured or shaped covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/075—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of specially adapted, structured or shaped covering or lining elements for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise or impact
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0866—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels or layered panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
    • C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
    • E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and relates to a method for preparing aerogel composite sandstone board as an admixture of building waste as aggregate and industrial solid waste.
  • Sandstone is a kind of sedimentary rock, which is formed by the erosion of water particles deposited on riverbed by water. It has been strengthened by thousands of years of accumulation. Later, due to the earth's crustal movement, it formed today's mine. It is the most widely used building stone. With the increasing demand for living environment, the emergence of various artworks in the city has also led to the creation of artificial sandstone. come out. With the increasing use of artificial sandstone in cities, the price of sandstone is gradually rising. For example, composite art sandstone is an indispensable material for art creation, because it can be used to adjust colors according to demand. It can also be freely shaped to produce a variety of artistic products that meet the needs of customers, so it is favored by the market.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing an aerogel composite sandstone board, which uses construction waste and industrial solid waste as raw materials to save environmental protection, and the obtained aerogel composite sandstone board has sandstone board.
  • the decorative effect has a certain thermal insulation performance.
  • a method of preparing an aerogel composite sandstone board comprising the steps of:
  • Preparation of the base material Weigh each raw material by weight, 1000 parts of 42.5 grade hard and low alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement, 46 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of silica fume, 1-2 parts of glass fiber, defoaming 1 to 3 parts of the agent, 4 to 5 parts of water reducing agent, 2 parts of retarder, 1 part of water retention agent, 3 parts of rubber powder, 400 parts of water, mixed and evenly stirred, and added 650 to 750 parts of 80 to 100 mesh construction waste. Stir well;
  • the prepared sandstone plate is placed at a temperature of 17 to 23 ° C and a relative humidity of 90% or more for 12 to 24 hours. After the sandstone plate is completely hardened, the mold is released, and then the sandstone plate is placed on the above. Conditioning for 7 days;
  • the amount of each component in the step (1) is preferably: 1000 parts of fast hard alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement of 42.5 grade, 46 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of silica fume, 1.5 parts of glass fiber, defoaming agent 2 Parts, 4.5 parts of water reducing agent, 2 parts of retarder, 1 part of water retention agent, 3 parts of rubber powder, 400 parts of water, after mixing and mixing, add 700 parts of 90 mesh construction waste;
  • the amount of each component in the step (2) is preferably: 4 parts of fast hard alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement of 42.5 grade, 46 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of silica fume, 7 parts of glass fiber, defoaming agent 2 4.5 parts of water reducing agent, 2 parts of retarder, 1 part of water retention agent, 5 parts of rubber powder, 400 parts of water, mix and mix evenly, add 2350 parts of 50 mesh construction waste, stir evenly, then add 1.5 parts of hydrophobic Type silica aerogel and 10 parts of absolute ethanol;
  • the amount of each component in the step (3) is preferably: 1000 parts of fast hard alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement of 42.5 grade, 46 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of silica fume, 1 part of glass fiber, defoaming agent 1.5 Parts, 4.5 parts of water reducing agent, 2 parts of retarder, 1 part of water retaining agent, 5 parts of rubber powder, 12.5 parts of paint, 400 parts of water, mixed and evenly stirred, and added 1650 parts of 50 mesh construction waste;
  • the mold removal curing time described in the step (5) is 18 hours;
  • the antifoaming agent according to the steps (1)-(3) is an organosiloxane or a polyether antifoaming agent
  • the water reducing agent is a polycyclic aromatic salt or a water-soluble resin sulfonate, and is retarded.
  • the agent is citric acid or tartaric acid
  • the water retaining agent is polyacrylamide or methyl cellulose;
  • the coating described in the step (3) is a natural pigment, and further, the natural pigment is at least one of iron red, iron green and phlogopite.
  • the method of the invention uses construction waste as an aggregate, has good economic benefits and social benefits, is incorporated into industrial solid waste, improves the workability of the slurry and the comprehensive performance of the sandstone plate; the obtained aerogel composite
  • the sandstone board has the decorative effect of sandstone board, and has certain thermal insulation performance, which can reduce the house in use.
  • the thickness of the insulation layer effectively increases the actual use area of the house.
  • Example 1 An aerogel composite sandstone board was prepared as follows:
  • Preparation of the base material weigh each raw material, 42.5 grade hard and low alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement 1000kg, fly ash 46kg, silica fume 10kg, glass fiber 1kg, machine siloxane 1kg, polycyclic aromatic salt 4kg of water reducing agent, 2kg of citric acid, 1kg of polyacrylamide, 3kg of rubber powder and 400kg of water. After mixing and mixing, add 650kg of 80 mesh construction waste, and mix well;
  • middle material weighing each raw material, 42.5 grade hard and low alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement 1000kg, fly ash 46kg, silica fume 10kg, glass fiber 5kg, machine siloxane 1kg, polycyclic aromatic salt 4kg water reducing agent, 2kg citric acid, 1kg polyacrylamide, 5kg rubber powder, 400kg water, mix and mix evenly, add 2250kg of 4 mesh construction waste, stir evenly, then add 1kg hydrophobic silicon aerogel and 10kg Absolute ethanol, fully stirred evenly;
  • Example 2 An aerogel composite sandstone board was prepared as follows:
  • Preparation of the base material weigh each raw material, 1000 kg of fast hard and low alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement, 4 kg of fly ash, 10 kg of silica fume, 1 kg of glass fiber, 1 kg of polyether antifoaming agent, water-soluble resin 4kg of sulfonate water reducing agent, 2kg of tartaric acid, 1kg of methylcellulose, 3kg of rubber powder and 400kg of water. After mixing and mixing, add 650kg of 80 mesh construction waste, and mix well;
  • middle material weighing each raw material, 42.5 grade hard and low alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement 1000kg, fly ash 46kg, silica fume 10kg, glass fiber 5kg, polyether antifoaming agent 3kg, water soluble resin Sulfonate water reduction 5kg of tartaric acid, 2kg of tartaric acid, 1kg of methylcellulose, 5kg of rubber powder and 400kg of water. After mixing and mixing, add 2,450kg of 100 mesh construction waste. After mixing, add 2kg of hydrophobic silica aerogel and 10kg of absolute ethanol. Stir well;
  • Example 3 An aerogel composite sandstone board was prepared as follows:
  • Preparation of the base material weigh each raw material, 42.5 grade hard and low alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement 1000kg, fly ash 46kg, silica fume 10kg, glass fiber 1.5kg, organosiloxane 2kg, polycyclic aromatic 4.5kg of salt water reducing agent, 2kg of citric acid, 1kg of polyacrylamide, 3kg of rubber powder and 400kg of water. After mixing and mixing, add 700kg of 90-fold construction waste, and mix well;
  • Test example Thermal conductivity and combustion performance
  • the thermal conductivity of the aerogel composite sandstone sheets obtained in the three examples was determined according to the thermal conductivity measurement standard CB/T10294-2008, and the control group was a commercially available artificial sandstone board;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

一种建筑垃圾作为骨料和工业固体废弃物作为掺合料制备气凝胶复合砂岩板的方法，包括先制备底料、中料、面料，再制备砂岩板，并进行脱模养护和表面处理。

Description

一种建筑垃圾作为骨料和工业固体废弃物作为掺合料制备气凝胶复合砂岩板的方法 技术领域
本发明属于建筑材料技术领域，涉及一种建筑垃圾作为骨料和工业固体废弃物作为掺合料制备气凝胶复合砂岩板的方法。
背景技术
砂岩是一种沉积岩，是由石粒经过水冲蚀沉淀于河床上，经千百年的堆积变得坚固而成。后因地球地壳运动，而形成今日的矿山，它是使用最广泛的一种建筑用石材，而随着人们对于生活环境的要求提高，城市中各种艺术品的出现，也导致了人造砂岩的问世。而随着人造砂岩在城市中的使用量越来越大，砂岩价格也逐渐攀升，例如复合型的艺术砂岩，是进行艺术创造建筑时必不可缺的重要原料，由于它可以根据需求进行调配色彩，还可以进行自由的造型，生产出各种满足客户需求的艺术产品，因此备受市场的亲睐。
虽然人造砂岩可替代天然砂岩，但市场上大多的人造砂岩都未考虑材料的保温性能。随着能源危机的日益加剧，人们对于建筑材料的保温性能的关注逐渐的开始重视。因此，生产一种从集既具备保温性能，又能满足建筑的其他需求的人造砂岩，是市场的迫切需要。
发明内容
针对上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种气凝胶复合砂岩板的制备方法，该方法使用建筑垃圾和工业固体废弃物为原料，节约环保，制得的气凝胶复合砂岩板即具有砂岩板的装饰效果，又具有一定的保温隔热性能。
为实现上述目的，本发明所提供的技术方案是：
一种制备气凝胶复合砂岩板的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
(1)制备底料：按重量份称取各原料，42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000份，粉煤灰46份，硅灰10份，玻璃纤维1～2份，消泡剂1～3份，减水剂4～5份，缓凝剂2份，保水剂1份，胶粉3份，水400份，混合均匀搅拌后，加入80～100目建筑垃圾650～750份，充分搅拌均匀；
(2)制备中料：按重量份称取各原料，42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000份，粉煤灰46份，硅灰10份，玻璃纤维5～10份，消泡剂1～3份，减水剂4～5份，缓凝剂2份，保水剂1份，胶粉5份，水400份，混合均匀搅拌后，加入4～100目建筑垃圾2250～2450份，搅拌均匀后，再加入1～2份疏水型硅质气凝胶和10份无水乙醇，充分搅拌均匀；
(3)制备面料：按重量份称取各原料，42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000份，粉煤灰46份，硅灰10份，玻璃纤维1份，消泡剂1～3份，减水剂4～5份，缓凝剂2份，保水剂1份，胶粉5份，涂料10～15份，水400份，混合均匀搅拌后，加入4～100目建筑垃圾1550～1750份，充分搅拌均匀；
(4)制备砂岩板：将面料喷涂在涂油脱模剂的模具上，面料层可根据产品的具体要求调整厚度，在面料上铺放一层网格布，再根据产品要求喷涂中料层，在中料层上再铺放一层网格布，最后喷涂1～2mm厚的底料；
(5)脱模养护：将制备好的砂岩板放置于温度为17～23℃，相对湿度为90％以上条件下12～24小时，砂岩板完全硬化后脱模，再将砂岩板放置于上述条件下养护7天；
(6)表面处理：在面料表面涂抹一层透明涂料。
其中，步骤(1)中各组分的用量优选为：42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000份，粉煤灰46份，硅灰10份，玻璃纤维1.5份，消泡剂2份，减水剂4.5份，缓凝剂2份，保水剂1份，胶粉3份，水400份，混合均匀搅拌后，加入90目建筑垃圾700份；
其中，步骤(2)中各组分的用量优选为：42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000份，粉煤灰46份，硅灰10份，玻璃纤维7份，消泡剂2份，减水剂4.5份，缓凝剂2份，保水剂1份，胶粉5份，水400份，混合均匀搅拌后，加入50目建筑垃圾2350份，搅拌均匀后，再加入1.5份疏水型硅质气凝胶和10份无水乙醇；
其中，步骤(3)中各组分的用量优选为：42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000份，粉煤灰46份，硅灰10份，玻璃纤维1份，消泡剂1.5份，减水剂4.5份，缓凝剂2份，保水剂1份，胶粉5份，涂料12.5份，水400份，混合均匀搅拌后，加入50目建筑垃圾1650份；
其中，步骤(5)中所述的脱模养护时间为18小时；
其中，步骤(1)-(3)所述的消泡剂为有机硅氧烷或聚醚类消泡剂，减水剂为多环芳香族盐类或水溶性树脂磺酸盐类，缓凝剂为柠檬酸或酒石酸，保水剂为聚丙稀酰胺或甲基纤维素；
其中，步骤(3)中所述的涂料为天然颜料，进一步地，所述天然颜料为铁红、铁绿和金云母中的至少一种。
通过以上技术方案，本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明方法使用建筑垃圾作为骨料，既有良好的经济效益又有社会效益，掺入工业固体废弃物，提高了浆料的和易性和砂岩板的综合性能；制得的气凝胶复合砂岩板即具有砂岩板的装饰效果，又具有一定的保温隔热性能，在使用中可减少房屋 保温层的厚度，有效提高房屋的实际使用面积。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。在不背离本发明精神和本质的情况下，对本发明方法、步骤或条件所作的修改或替换，均属于本发明的范围。
实施例1 按照以下步骤制备气凝胶复合砂岩板：
(1)制备底料：称取各原料，42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000kg，粉煤灰46kg，硅灰10kg，玻璃纤维1kg，机硅氧烷1kg，多环芳香族盐类减水剂4kg，柠檬酸2kg，聚丙稀酰胺1kg，胶粉3kg，水400kg，混合均匀搅拌后，加入80目建筑垃圾650kg，充分搅拌均匀；
(2)制备中料：称取各原料，42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000kg，粉煤灰46kg，硅灰10kg，玻璃纤维5kg，机硅氧烷1kg，多环芳香族盐类减水剂4kg，柠檬酸2kg，聚丙稀酰胺1kg，胶粉5kg，水400kg，混合均匀搅拌后，加入4目建筑垃圾2250kg，搅拌均匀后，再加入1kg疏水型硅质气凝胶和10kg无水乙醇，充分搅拌均匀；
(3)制备面料：称取各原料，42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000kg，粉煤灰46kg，硅灰10kg，玻璃纤维1kg，聚醚类消泡剂1kg，水溶性树脂磺酸盐类减水剂4kg，柠檬酸2kg，聚丙稀酰胺1kg，胶粉5kg，铁红涂料10kg，水400kg，混合均匀搅拌后，加入4目建筑垃圾1550kg，充分搅拌均匀；
(4)制备砂岩板：将面料喷涂在涂油脱模剂的模具上，面料层厚度为15mm，在面料上铺放一层网格布，喷涂中料层5mm，在中料层上再铺放一层网格布，最后喷涂1mm厚的底料；
(5)脱模养护：将制备好的砂岩板放置于温度为17℃，相对湿度为95％条件下12小时，砂岩板完全硬化后脱模，再将砂岩板放置于上述条件下养护7天；
(6)表面处理：在面料表面涂抹一层透明涂料即得。
实施例2 按照以下步骤制备气凝胶复合砂岩板：
(1)制备底料：称取各原料，42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000kg，粉煤灰46kg，硅灰10kg，玻璃纤维1kg，聚醚类消泡剂1kg，水溶性树脂磺酸盐类减水剂4kg，酒石酸2kg，甲基纤维素1kg，胶粉3kg，水400kg，混合均匀搅拌后，加入80目建筑垃圾650kg，充分搅拌均匀；
(2)制备中料：称取各原料，42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000kg，粉煤灰46kg，硅灰10kg，玻璃纤维5kg，聚醚类消泡剂3kg，水溶性树脂磺酸盐类减水 剂5kg，酒石酸2kg，甲基纤维素1kg，胶粉5kg，水400kg，混合均匀搅拌后，加入100目建筑垃圾2450kg，搅拌均匀后，再加入2kg疏水型硅质气凝胶和10kg无水乙醇，充分搅拌均匀；
(3)制备面料：称取各原料，42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000kg，粉煤灰46kg，硅灰10kg，玻璃纤维1kg，聚醚类消泡剂3kg，水溶性树脂磺酸盐类减水剂5kg，酒石酸2kg，甲基纤维素1kg，胶粉5kg，铁绿涂料15kg，水400kg，混合均匀搅拌后，加入100目建筑垃圾1750kg，充分搅拌均匀；
(4)制备砂岩板：将面料喷涂在涂油脱模剂的模具上，面料层厚度为15mm，在面料上铺放一层网格布，喷涂中料层5mm，在中料层上再铺放一层网格布，最后喷涂1mm厚的底料；
(5)脱模养护：将制备好的砂岩板放置于温度为23℃，相对湿度为95％条件下24小时，砂岩板完全硬化后脱模，再将砂岩板放置于上述条件下养护7天；
(6)表面处理：在面料表面涂抹一层透明涂料。
实施例3 按照以下步骤制备气凝胶复合砂岩板：
(1)制备底料：称取各原料，42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000kg，粉煤灰46kg，硅灰10kg，玻璃纤维1.5kg，有机硅氧烷2kg，多环芳香族盐类减水剂4.5kg，柠檬酸2kg，聚丙稀酰胺1kg，胶粉3kg，水400kg，混合均匀搅拌后，加入90目建筑垃圾700kg，充分搅拌均匀；
(2)制备中料：称取各原料，42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000kg，粉煤灰46kg，硅灰10kg，玻璃纤维7kg，有机硅氧烷2kg，多环芳香族盐类减水剂4.5kg，柠檬酸2kg，聚丙稀酰胺1kg，胶粉5kg，水400kg，混合均匀搅拌后，加入50目建筑垃圾2350kg，搅拌均匀后，再加入1.5kg疏水型硅质气凝胶和10kg无水乙醇，充分搅拌均匀；
(3)制备面料：称取各原料，42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000kg，粉煤灰46kg，硅灰10kg，玻璃纤维1kg，聚醚类消泡剂1.5kg，多环芳香族盐类减水剂4.5kg，柠檬酸2kg，聚丙稀酰胺1kg，胶粉5kg，金云母涂料12.5kg，水400kg，混合均匀搅拌后，加入50目建筑垃圾1650kg，充分搅拌均匀；
(4)制备砂岩板：将面料喷涂在涂油脱模剂的模具上，面料层厚度为15mm，在面料上铺放一层网格布，喷涂中料层5mm，在中料层上再铺放一层网格布，最后喷涂1mm厚的底料；
(5)脱模养护：将制备好的砂岩板放置于温度为20℃，相对湿度为95％条件下18小时，砂岩板完全硬化后脱模，再将砂岩板放置于上述条件下养护7天；
(6)表面处理：在面料表面涂抹一层透明涂料。
试验例导热系数和燃烧性能测定
按照导热系数测定标准CB/T10294-2008测定3个实施例所得的气凝胶复合砂岩板的导热系数，对照组为市售的人造砂岩板；
结果见下表：
Figure PCTCN2017079510-appb-000001

Claims (10)

  1. 一种制备气凝胶复合砂岩板的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)制备底料：按重量份称取各原料，42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000份，粉煤灰46份，硅灰10份，玻璃纤维1～2份，消泡剂1～3份，减水剂4～5份，缓凝剂2份，保水剂1份，胶粉3份，水400份，混合均匀搅拌后，加入80～100目建筑垃圾650～750份，充分搅拌均匀；
    (2)制备中料：按重量份称取各原料，42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000份，粉煤灰46份，硅灰10份，玻璃纤维5～10份，消泡剂1～3份，减水剂4～5份，缓凝剂2份，保水剂1份，胶粉5份，水400份，混合均匀搅拌后，加入4～100目建筑垃圾2250～2450份，搅拌均匀后，再加入1～2份疏水型硅质气凝胶和10份无水乙醇，充分搅拌均匀；
    (3)制备面料：按重量份称取各原料，42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000份，粉煤灰46份，硅灰10份，玻璃纤维1份，消泡剂1～3份，减水剂4～5份，缓凝剂2份，保水剂1份，胶粉5份，涂料10～15份，水400份，混合均匀搅拌后，加入4～100目建筑垃圾1550～1750份，充分搅拌均匀；
    (4)制备砂岩板：将面料喷涂在涂油脱模剂的模具上，面料层可根据产品的具体要求调整厚度，在面料上铺放一层网格布，再根据产品要求喷涂中料层，在中料层上再铺放一层网格布，最后喷涂1～2mm厚的底料；
    (5)脱模养护：将制备好的砂岩板放置于温度为17～23℃，相对湿度为90％以上条件下12～24小时，砂岩板完全硬化后脱模，再将砂岩板放置于上述条件下养护7天；
    (6)表面处理：在面料表面涂抹一层透明涂料。
  2. 按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中各组分的用量为：42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000份，粉煤灰46份，硅灰10份，玻璃纤维1.5份，消泡剂2份， 减水剂4.5份，缓凝剂2份，保水剂1份，胶粉3份，水400份，混合均匀搅拌后，加入90目建筑垃圾700份。
  3. 按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中各组分的用量为：42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000份，粉煤灰46份，硅灰10份，玻璃纤维7份，消泡剂2份，减水剂4.5份，缓凝剂2份，保水剂1份，胶粉5份，水400份，混合均匀搅拌后，加入50目建筑垃圾2350份，搅拌均匀后，再加入1.5份疏水型硅质气凝胶和10份无水乙醇。
  4. 按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中各组分的用量为：42.5级快硬低碱度硫铝酸盐水泥1000份，粉煤灰46份，硅灰10份，玻璃纤维1份，消泡剂1.5份，减水剂4.5份，缓凝剂2份，保水剂1份，胶粉5份，涂料12.5份，水400份，混合均匀搅拌后，加入50目建筑垃圾1650份。
  5. 按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，其中，步骤(5)中所述的脱模养护时间为18小时.
  6. 按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)～(3)所述的消泡剂为有机硅氧烷或聚醚类消泡剂。
  7. 按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)～(3)所述的减水剂为多环芳香族盐类或水溶性树脂磺酸盐类。
  8. 按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)～(3)所述的缓凝剂为柠檬酸或酒石酸，所述的保水剂为聚丙稀酰胺或甲基纤维素。
  9. 按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中所述的涂料为天然颜料。
  10. 按照权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中所述天然颜料为铁红、铁绿和金云母中的至少一种。
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