WO2018039937A1 - 一种推进器 - Google Patents

一种推进器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018039937A1
WO2018039937A1 PCT/CN2016/097396 CN2016097396W WO2018039937A1 WO 2018039937 A1 WO2018039937 A1 WO 2018039937A1 CN 2016097396 W CN2016097396 W CN 2016097396W WO 2018039937 A1 WO2018039937 A1 WO 2018039937A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end cover
motor
output shaft
sealing
propeller
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/097396
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑卫锋
刘洋
Original Assignee
北京臻迪科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京臻迪科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 北京臻迪科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN201680013494.4A priority Critical patent/CN107636939B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2016/097396 priority patent/WO2018039937A1/zh
Publication of WO2018039937A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018039937A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of underwater propulsion devices, and in particular to a propeller.
  • the thrust system is a power unit widely used for surface or underwater vehicles. It is mainly used to propel the aircraft to sail, or to provide controllable forces and moments to adjust the equipment to the desired position and posture.
  • the thrust system currently used as an underwater vehicle is usually used in combination by a single motor through a shaft-connected propeller rotary-fitted conduit.
  • Electric propulsion devices and high-pressure sea water pumps are important components in deep-sea submersibles, while underwater motors are the key to these underwater electromechanical devices.
  • Underwater motors based on brushless DC motors have large power-to-volume ratios and large torques. The advantages of high efficiency, external rotor motor applications are more extensive.
  • the outer rotor seal has always been the key technology of the submersible motor. Since the motor rotates under water pressure, the higher the water pressure and the higher the speed, the easier the leakage between the shaft and the casing, and the motor of the underwater propeller is sealed. The failure rate has been high, and the external water pressure is increasingly required for the sealing of the motor.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a propeller, which is formed by providing a gap between the outer rotor motor and the motor holder, and combining the connection of the front and rear ends to form a sealed capsule, which is sealed.
  • the liquid medium is injected into the cabin to seal the external rotor motor, avoiding the occurrence of water leakage and water leakage caused by the use of the motor, effectively ensuring the safe operation of the motor, and the liquid medium can also achieve the effect of lubricating the motor and cooling the motor. Ensure that the propeller is stable and reliable.
  • a propeller includes an outer rotor motor, a motor fixing frame, a front opening cover of the center opening, an output shaft, and a propeller, wherein the motor fixing frame is a cavity structure with one end open, and the outer rotor motor is fixedly mounted in the cavity In the body, the front end cover is connected with the open end of the motor holder to form a sealed cavity, one end of the output shaft is coaxially connected with the outer rotor, and the other end is connected to the propeller through the center hole of the front end cover, and the output shaft and the front end cover center hole The joint is sealed, and there is a gap between the outer rotor and the inner wall of the motor holder.
  • a shaft sealing device is disposed between the motor fixing bracket and the center hole of the front end cover, and the front end cover is coaxially provided with a sealing groove on the inner side of the central opening, and the shaft sealing device is set on the output shaft And at least partially sealed and mounted in a sealing groove of the front end cover, the sealing groove having a cross-sectional diameter larger than a cross-sectional diameter of the central hole.
  • the shaft sealing device is a mechanical sealing member
  • the mechanical sealing member comprises a moving ring and a static ring which are sequentially fitted on the output shaft, and the static ring seal is installed in the sealing groove
  • the moving ring is installed between the outer rotor and the stationary ring and is in contact with each other, and the sum of the axial lengths of the moving ring and the stationary ring is slightly larger than the axial distance between the front end cover and the outer rotor.
  • the inner wall of the central hole is provided with a baffle that axially divides the central hole into a plurality of independent cavities, and the baffle is provided with an opening for passing through the output shaft, and the baffle and the output shaft rotate connection.
  • the front end cover is coaxially provided with a groove outside the central opening, the groove has a cross-sectional diameter larger than a cross-sectional diameter of the central hole, and an oil seal is installed in the groove, and the front end cover is A sealing cover fixedly connected to the front end cover is provided on a side close to the propeller.
  • the sealed capsule is filled with a liquid medium.
  • the moving ring and the static ring are disposed in the sealed chamber, and the liquid medium circumferentially encloses the moving ring and the stationary ring.
  • the separate chamber seals the liquid medium.
  • the liquid medium is a cooling liquid
  • the cooling liquid includes oil and purified water.
  • the liquid medium is a cooling oil.
  • the independent chamber is sealed and filled with grease.
  • a rear end cover is further included, and the rear end cover is installed at an end of the motor fixing bracket away from the front end cover.
  • the motor fixing frame and/or the rear end cover are provided with at least one liquid electric connection, and the motor fixing frame is provided with a liquid medium replenishing port for replenishing the liquid medium in the sealing compartment, and the liquid medium replenishing port Sealed connection to the liquid replenishing device.
  • a shroud for protecting the propeller is further included, and the shroud is mounted on the front end cover by the shroud bracket.
  • the shroud is a circular trough having a hollow through cavity along the axis, and the large opening of the truncated cone is disposed near the front end cover, and the shroud bracket is mounted near the large opening of the truncated cone, the propeller and the shroud Coaxial and placed between the big mouth and the small mouth of the round table.
  • the outer rotor motor is connected to the inner wall of the cavity through a fixing seat, and preferably, the fixing seat is
  • the boss has a convex end connected to the bottom surface of the cavity, and the other end opposite to the convex end is connected to the outer rotor motor, and the bottom cavity wall of the cavity is provided with a cavity or a hole matching the protrusion.
  • a sealing ring is arranged at the connection between the rear end cover and the motor fixing frame, the motor fixing frame and the front end cover, and the motor fixing frame is provided with a groove for mounting the sealing ring.
  • the groove for mounting the sealing ring is disposed on an end surface of the motor holder.
  • front end cover and the sealing cover are provided with a sealing ring, and the front end cover is provided with a groove for mounting the sealing ring.
  • sealing ring is an O-ring.
  • the motor mount is provided with a mount for fixing the motor mount, the mount is provided with a through hole for the wire and the tube, and the mount is provided with a screw hole for the bolt.
  • the present invention has the following advantageous effects compared with the prior art.
  • the invention provides a sealed sealed compartment by connecting a gap between the outer rotor motor and the motor fixing bracket, and combining the front and rear end covers, and injecting a liquid medium into the sealed compartment to achieve sealing of the outer rotor motor, and at the output shaft and
  • the front cover is provided with a sealing structure.
  • the outer rotor motor is formed with multi-layer sealing protection to avoid the occurrence of water leakage and water leakage caused by the use of the motor, and effectively ensure the safe operation of the motor.
  • the outer rotor motor of the invention has small volume, short length, large torque, simple and reasonable structure, improved overall integration, convenient installation and maintenance, good sealing effect of the propeller, stable and reliable operation, and stable and reliable operation of the propeller.
  • the liquid medium of the invention can also lubricate the motor and other components, which is beneficial to the efficient operation of the propeller, and can simultaneously transmit the heat generated by the motor to quickly cool the motor and ensure the running performance of the propeller.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an overall structure of still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an A-A according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 10 motor mount; 21 - outer rotor; 22 - inner stator; 23 - mount; 30 - output shaft; 40 - front end cover; 41 - seal cover; 42 - baffle; 50 - propeller; Liquid medium; 61-grease; 71- moving ring; 72-static ring; 73-oil seal; 80-rear cover; 90-flow shroud; 91-flow shroud bracket; 100-O type seal; Mounting seat.
  • connection In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed or detachable, for example, unless otherwise explicitly defined and defined. Connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
  • a propeller according to the present invention includes an outer rotor motor, a motor mount 10 , a front opening cover 40 of a central opening, an output shaft 30 , and a propeller 50 .
  • the motor holder 10 is a cavity structure with an open end.
  • the outer rotor motor is fixedly mounted in the cavity, and the front end cover 40 is connected with the open end of the motor holder 10 to form a sealed compartment.
  • One end of the 30 is coaxially connected with the outer rotor, the other end is connected to the propeller 50 through the central hole of the front end cover 40, and the output shaft 30 is sealed with the central hole of the front end cover 40, and the outer rotor and the inner wall of the motor mount 10 are sealed. There is a gap.
  • the outer rotor motor includes an outer rotor 21, an inner stator 22, and a fixing base 23.
  • the inner stator 22 is fixed on the fixing base 23.
  • the motor fixing frame 10 has a cylindrical shape, and one end is provided with an opening, and a cavity is formed inside.
  • the outer rotor motor is placed in the chamber of the motor mount 10, and the inner stator 22 is connected to the inner wall of the motor mount 10 through the mount 23, and the knot of the mount 23
  • the structure and the connection form are not limited, and only the inner stator 22 can be fixed in the cavity and the outer rotor motor can be normally operated.
  • the support rod, the connection pad or the limiting bead can be used.
  • the The fixing seat is in the shape of a boss, the protruding end is connected to the bottom surface of the cavity, and the other end opposite to the protruding end is connected to the inner stator 22 of the outer rotor motor, and the bottom cavity wall of the cavity is provided with matching protrusion
  • the cavity or the hole is filled into the cavity or the hole, and the fixing seat 23 can be fixed to the bottom end surface of the cylinder of the motor holder 10 by bolts.
  • the front end cover 40 has a cover shape and can be buckled and fixedly connected with the motor fixing frame 10 to form a sealed compartment.
  • the front end cover 40 is provided with an opening at the center, and one end of the output shaft 30 is connected to the outer rotor 21 through a flange.
  • the output shaft 30 is disposed concentrically with the outer rotor, and the other end of the output shaft 30 is connected to the propeller through a central hole of the front end cover 40.
  • the output shaft 30 and the center hole of the front end cover 40 are rotatably connected and sealed, and sealed.
  • a seal ring, an oil seal, an oil seal, a mechanical seal, or the like may be employed.
  • the seal chamber is filled with a liquid medium 60.
  • the liquid medium 60 is filled in the sealed chamber so that the outer portion of the outer rotor 21 is kept in contact with the liquid medium 60.
  • the medium 60 is operated.
  • the liquid medium 60 is a cooling liquid.
  • the cooling liquid includes oil and pure water, which can form a cooling and heat dissipation effect on the outer rotor, and protect the long-term efficient operation of the motor.
  • the The liquid medium 60 is a cooling oil, which can achieve the functions of sealing, cooling and lubricating, and protects the external rotor motor and mechanical components from water erosion.
  • a shaft sealing device is disposed between the motor fixing frame 10 and the front end cover 40, and the front end cover 40 is coaxially provided with a sealing concave on the inner side of the central opening.
  • a shaft sealing device is disposed on the output shaft 30 and at least partially sealed in a sealing groove of the front end cover 40, the sealing groove having a cross-sectional diameter larger than a cross-sectional diameter of the central hole, at the output shaft 30
  • a shaft sealing device is arranged at the joint of the front end cover 40, which can effectively improve the sealing of the central hole of the output shaft 30 and the front end cover 40.
  • the shaft sealing device can be provided with a sealing ring or other sealing device to install the sealing ring or other sealing device in the sealing concave.
  • the diameter of the sealing groove is smaller than the diameter of the sealing ring or other sealing device, and after the output shaft 30 is mounted, the sealing ring or other sealing device is between the sealing groove and the output shaft 30.
  • the state of being squeezed ensures the sealing of the joint between the output shaft 30 and the front end cover 40.
  • an elastic device or a locking device is provided to stabilize the sealing ring or other sealing device, and the outer rotor 2 can be 1 A spring is placed on the output shaft 30 between the sealing ring or other sealing device.
  • the spring is always in a compressed state, forming a thrust on the sealing ring or other sealing device. Or put a pressing piece or elastic device on the front end cover 40 or the motor fixing frame 10 to apply force to the sealing ring or other sealing device to push the sealing ring or other sealing device into the sealing groove to ensure the sealing ring or other The sealing of the sealing device.
  • the shaft sealing device is used as a sealing member for enhancing the sealing property.
  • the shaft sealing device is a mechanical sealing member
  • the mechanical sealing member includes a moving ring 71 and a static ring 72 which are sequentially fitted on the output shaft 30.
  • the static ring 72 is sealingly mounted in a sealing groove
  • the moving ring 71 is mounted between the outer rotor and the stationary ring 72 and is in contact with each other.
  • the sum of the axial lengths of the moving ring 71 and the stationary ring 72 Slightly larger than the axial distance between the front end cover 40 and the outer rotor 21.
  • the moving ring 71 and the stationary ring 72 are set on the output shaft 30, and the stationary ring 72 is pressed in the sealing groove.
  • the stationary ring 72 and the output shaft 30 form a relative rotation, and the stationary ring 72 is opposite to the output shaft 30.
  • the center hole of the front end cover 40 is sealed, and the moving ring 71 is disposed between the static ring 72 and the outer rotor 21.
  • the moving ring 71 acts as a pressing device for the static ring 72, and presses the static ring 72 in the sealing groove to ensure static
  • the ring 72 is in the sealing groove during operation of the motor or when the motor is stopped, ensuring the tightness of the static ring 72 to the junction of the output shaft 30 and the front end cover 40, thereby ensuring that external water does not enter the sealed compartment.
  • the moving ring 71 and the stationary ring 72 are disposed in the sealed chamber, and the liquid medium 60 circumferentially encloses the moving ring 71 and the stationary ring 72, and the moving ring 71 and the stationary ring 72 in the sealed chamber are surrounded by the liquid medium.
  • the liquid medium using the cooling oil is not compatible with water, due to the difference in oil and water density,
  • the cooling oil still attaches oil to the moving ring 71, the stationary ring 72, the outer rotor 21 and other components, and the water does not erode the mechanical components, and the stability of the internal components of the propeller is fully ensured.
  • the sealing performance of the front end cover 40 and the output shaft 30 is directly related to the safety of the equipment in the motor and the sealed compartment.
  • the inner wall of the central hole of the present invention is provided with a baffle 42 for axially dividing the central hole into a plurality of independent cavities, the The baffle 42 is provided with an opening for passing through the output shaft 30.
  • the baffle 42 is tightly coupled to the output shaft 30, and the center hole of the front end cover 40 is for passing through the output shaft 30 and sealing the output shaft 30,
  • the diameter of the central hole is larger than the diameter of the output shaft 30, and the output shaft 30 has a certain distance from the inner wall of the central hole, and the axial inner wall of the central hole is provided with a block.
  • the plate 42 and the baffle 42 divide the central hole in the axial direction to form a plurality of independent cavities.
  • the baffle 42 is provided with an opening coaxial with the central hole. The diameter of the opening is slightly larger than the diameter of the output shaft 30, and several blocks The openings of the plates are coaxial and the same diameter.
  • the opening is rotatably connected to the output shaft 30 and is sealingly connected; or the baffle is movably mounted on the inner wall of the central hole, the output shaft 30 is closely connected with the baffle, and the output shaft 30 rotates together with the baffle, the baffle It is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the center hole.
  • the output shaft 30 is sequentially passed through the openings of the plurality of baffles 41, and the formed independent cavities envelop the output shaft 30.
  • the independent cavities can form a shaft seal structure, and the plurality of independent cavities form a plurality of layers of shaft seals, preferably, independent cavities.
  • the middle seal is filled with grease 61 to form several layers of oil-filled sealing structure.
  • the grease 61 is not fused with water or oil, which can effectively ensure the sealing of the liquid medium in the sealed chamber, prevent the liquid medium from communicating with the independent chamber, and enhance the output.
  • the shaft 30 of the shaft 30 acts to form a lubricating effect on the output shaft 30. Should be It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the baffle as described herein is only a component for dividing the independent chamber, and the same effect can be achieved on the output shaft, and only the chamber forming the plurality of layers of the shaft seal structure is required.
  • the front end cover 40 is coaxially provided with a groove outside the central opening, and the cross-sectional diameter of the groove is larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the central hole.
  • An oil seal 73 is disposed in the groove, and the front end cover 40 is provided with a sealing cover 41 fixedly connected to the front end cover on a side close to the propeller, and the oil seal 73 is sealed by fixing the sealing cover 41 and the front end cover 40.
  • the oil seal 73 seals the grease 61 in the independent chamber to prevent the grease 61 from leaking, and further improves the sealing of the output shaft and the center hole in contact with the outside water.
  • the pusher also includes a rear end cover 80 that is mounted at one end of the motor mount 10 away from the front end cover 40.
  • a rear end cover 80 is added to the bottom of the motor mounting frame 10.
  • the rear end cover 80 is attached to the outer bottom of the motor mounting frame 10 to enhance the waterproof sealing of the motor and the motor mounting frame 10.
  • the connection between the rear end cover 80 and the motor fixing frame 10, the connection between the motor fixing frame 10 and the front end cover 40 is provided with a sealing ring, and the motor fixing frame 10 is provided with a groove for mounting a sealing ring, A groove for mounting the sealing ring is disposed on an end surface of the motor holder 10.
  • the sealing ring is an O-ring 100, and the motor holder 10 is connected to the front end cover 40 and the rear end cover 80 by providing an O-ring. Sealing, as such, other sealing arrangements or devices may be used to seal the joint.
  • the liquid medium 60 in the sealed compartment will be consumed more or less during operation of the apparatus.
  • the motor mount 10 and/or the rear end cover 80 are at least A liquid electrical connector is provided, the motor mount 10 being provided with a liquid medium replenishing port for replenishing the liquid medium 60 in the sealed chamber, the liquid medium replenishing port being sealingly connected to the liquid replenishing device.
  • the liquid medium 60 in the sealed chamber is monitored by an external control device. After the liquid medium is depleted by a certain amount, the liquid medium replenishing device is operated by the control device, and the liquid medium to be replenished is replenished into the sealed chamber by the liquid medium replenishing port.
  • the motor mount 10 is provided with a mount 110 for fixing the motor mount, the mount 110 A through hole for the wire and the tube is provided, the mounting seat 110 is provided with a screw hole for fitting the bolt, and a central through hole is arranged in the mounting seat 110, and the used wire or liquid electric joint, the liquid medium refilling port and the supplement are used.
  • the tube of the liquid medium can be disposed in the cavity of the through hole.
  • the propeller further includes a shroud 90 for protecting the propeller 50, the shroud 90 being mounted to the front end cover 40 by the shroud bracket 91 On, can avoid debris in the water
  • the propeller 50 is affected to avoid damage to the propeller 50 or to interfere with its working operation.
  • the shroud 90 is a truncated cone having a hollow through cavity along the axis, and the large opening of the truncated cone is disposed near the front end cover, and the shroud bracket is disposed. 91 is installed near the large port of the truncated cone.
  • the propeller 50 is coaxial with the shroud 90 and disposed between the large opening and the small opening of the truncated cone.
  • the propeller 50 is installed at a middle position between the large opening and the small opening, and the deflector 90 is two.
  • the round-shaped cover with an open end, the projection of the top surface of the round-shaped cover is smaller than the projection of the bottom surface, the top surface of the round table is a small opening, the bottom surface is a large mouth, and the bottom surface of the flow guide 90 is a large opening close to the front end cover 40, and the shroud bracket is disposed.
  • the propeller 50 is disposed coaxially with the shroud 90 and located in the middle of the top surface and the bottom surface.
  • the shroud is designed as a trumpet-like structure, but the propeller 50 has a large amount of drinking water and a small amount of water when working. The formation of the water flow slows in and out quickly, enhancing the push action of the propeller.
  • the invention provides a sealed sealed compartment by connecting a gap between the outer rotor motor and the motor fixing bracket, and combining the front and rear end covers, and injecting a liquid medium into the sealed compartment to achieve sealing of the outer rotor motor, and at the output shaft and
  • the front cover is provided with a sealing structure.
  • the outer rotor motor is formed with multi-layer sealing protection to avoid the occurrence of water leakage and water leakage caused by the use of the motor, and effectively ensure the safe operation of the motor.
  • the outer rotor motor of the invention has small volume, short length, large torque, simple and reasonable structure, improved overall integration, convenient installation and maintenance, good sealing effect of the propeller, stable and reliable operation, and stable and reliable operation of the propeller.
  • the liquid medium of the invention can also lubricate the motor and other components, which is beneficial to the efficient operation of the propeller, and can simultaneously transmit the heat generated by the motor to quickly cool the motor and ensure the running performance of the propeller.
  • a propeller includes an outer rotor motor, a motor mount 10 , a front opening cover 40 of a central opening, an output shaft 30 , a propeller 50 , a rear end cover 80 , and an outer rotor motor .
  • the outer rotor 21, the inner stator 22, and the fixed seat 23 are mounted on the inner bottom surface of the motor mount 10 through the fixing base 23.
  • One end of the output shaft 30 is coaxially connected with the outer rotor 21, and the other end passes through the center hole of the front end cover 40.
  • the air compressor 50 is connected to the propeller 50, and there is a gap between the outer rotor and the inner wall of the motor mount 10.
  • the seal chamber formed by the connection of the front end cover 40 and the motor mount 10 is filled with cooling oil.
  • the outer rotor motor includes an outer rotor 21, an inner stator 22, and a fixing base 23.
  • the inner stator 22 is fixed on the fixing base 23.
  • the motor fixing frame 10 has a cylindrical shape, and one end is provided with an opening, and a cavity is formed inside.
  • the outer rotor motor is placed in the chamber of the motor mount 10, and the inner stator 22 is connected to the inner wall of the motor mount 10 through the fixing base 23.
  • the fixing base 23 is a plurality of support rods, and the inner stator 22 is fixed in the cavity by the support rods. In the meantime, the outer rotor motor is guaranteed to operate normally.
  • the front end cover 40 has a cover shape, and can be buckled with the motor fixing frame 10 to form a sealed compartment by a threaded fixed connection.
  • connection port of the motor fixing frame 10 is provided with an internal thread
  • the front end cover 40 is provided with an opening at the center.
  • One end of the output shaft 30 is connected to the outer rotor 21 through a flange, the output shaft 30 is disposed concentrically with the outer rotor, and the other end of the output shaft 30 passes through the front end cover 40.
  • the center hole is connected to the propeller 50, and the output shaft 30 and the center hole of the front end cover 40 are rotatably sealed.
  • a gap is formed between the outer rotor 21 and the inner wall of the motor mount 10, and the outer rotor 21 does not contact the inner wall of the motor mount 10 during operation, and the seal chamber is filled with cooling oil so that the outer rotor 21 is externally Part of the contact with the cooling oil.
  • the cooling oil in the sealing chamber generates pressure on the connection between the output shaft 30 and the center hole of the front end cover 40, and forms a pressure with the external water pressure. Balance or water pressure reaction force to ensure that the external water does not enter the sealed compartment.
  • the outer rotor 21 is operated in the cooling oil for a long time, which can form lubrication, cooling and heat dissipation for the external rotor, and protect the external rotor motor and mechanical components from being avoided. Water erosion.
  • the inner wall of the central hole of the front end cover 40 is provided with a baffle 42 for axially dividing the central hole into a plurality of independent cavities.
  • the baffle 42 is provided with an opening for passing through the output shaft 30, and the baffle 42 is tightly coupled with the output shaft 30,
  • the central hole of the front end cover 40 is used to pass through the output shaft 30 and seal the output shaft 30. When the output shaft 30 rotates, external water does not enter the sealed chamber.
  • the diameter of the central hole is larger than the diameter of the output shaft 30, and the output shaft 30 A gap is left at a certain distance from the inner wall of the central hole, and a baffle 42 is disposed on the axial inner wall of the central hole.
  • the baffle 42 divides the central hole in the axial direction to form a plurality of independent cavities, and the baffle 42 is provided with the central hole
  • the opening of the shaft has a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the output shaft 30, and the openings of the plurality of baffles are coaxial and the same diameter, and the opening is rotatably connected to the output shaft 30 and is sealingly connected.
  • the output shaft 30 is sequentially passed through the openings of the plurality of baffles 41, and the formed independent cavity envelops the output shaft 30, and the independent cavity can form a shaft seal structure, and the independent cavity is sealed and filled with grease 61 to form several layers of oil.
  • the sealing structure, the grease 61 is not fused with water or oil, can effectively ensure the liquid medium sealing property in the sealed compartment, prevent the liquid medium from communicating with the independent chamber, enhance the shaft sealing effect on the output shaft 30, and the output shaft 30 Forming lubrication.
  • the front end cover 40 is coaxially provided with a groove on the outer side of the central opening, the cross-sectional diameter of the groove is larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the central hole, and the oil seal 73 is installed in the groove, and the front end cover 40 is fixedly connected with the front end cover on the side close to the propeller.
  • the sealing cover 41 is sealed in the recess by the sealing cover 41 and the front end cover 40.
  • the oil seal 73 seals the grease 61 in the independent chamber to prevent the grease 61 from leaking, further improving the pair.
  • the sealing of the output shaft and the center hole in contact with external water.
  • the invention provides a gap between the outer rotor motor and the motor fixing frame, and combines the connection of the front and rear end covers to form a sealed sealed compartment, and injects a liquid medium into the sealed compartment to achieve sealing of the outer rotor motor, and at the output shaft and the front end.
  • There is a static seal between the cover, and the outer rotor motor is formed with multi-layer sealing protection to avoid the occurrence of water leakage and water leakage caused by the use of the motor, and effectively ensure the safe operation of the motor.
  • a propeller includes an outer rotor motor, a motor mount 10, a front opening cover 40 of the center opening, an output shaft 30, a propeller 50, and a rear end.
  • the outer rotor motor includes an outer rotor 21, an inner stator 22, and a fixed seat 23.
  • the mechanical sealing member includes a moving ring 71 and a stationary ring 72.
  • the outer rotor motor is mounted on the inner bottom surface of the motor fixing frame 10 through the fixing base 23, and the output shaft 30 has one end and the outer side.
  • the rotor 21 is coaxially connected, the other end is connected to the propeller 50 through the central hole of the front end cover 40, and there is a gap between the outer rotor and the inner wall of the motor mount 10.
  • the seal chamber formed by the connection of the front end cover 40 and the motor mount 10 is filled with cooling oil. .
  • the outer rotor motor includes an outer rotor 21, an inner stator 22, and a fixing base 23.
  • the inner stator 22 is fixed on the fixing base 23.
  • the motor fixing frame 10 has a cylindrical shape, and one end is provided with an opening, and a cavity is formed inside.
  • the outer rotor motor is placed in the chamber of the motor mount 10, and the inner stator 22 is connected to the inner wall of the motor mount 10 through the fixing base 23.
  • the fixed seat is a boss shape, and the convex end is connected to the bottom surface of the cavity, and the protrusion The opposite end of the end is connected to the inner stator 22 of the outer rotor motor.
  • the bottom cavity wall of the cavity is provided with a cavity or a hole matching the protrusion, and the protrusion is inserted into the cavity or the hole, and the fixing seat 23 is fixed by the bolt.
  • the bolt passes through the outer wall of the motor mount 10 for easy installation.
  • the front end cover 40 has a cover shape, and can be buckled with the motor fixing frame 10 to form a sealed compartment by a threaded fixed connection.
  • the connection port of the motor fixing frame 10 is provided with an internal thread, and the front end cover 40 is provided with an opening at the center.
  • One end of the output shaft 30 is connected to the outer rotor 21 through a flange, the output shaft 30 is disposed concentrically with the outer rotor, and the other end of the output shaft 30 is connected to the propeller through the center hole of the front end cover 40, and the output shaft 30 and the front end cover are connected.
  • the center hole of the 40 is a rotatable seal connection.
  • a gap is formed between the outer rotor 21 and the inner wall of the motor mount 10, and the outer rotor 21 does not contact the inner wall of the motor mount 10 during operation, and the seal chamber is filled with cooling oil so that the outer rotor 21 is externally Part of the contact with the cooling oil.
  • the cooling oil in the sealing chamber generates pressure on the connection between the output shaft 30 and the center hole of the front end cover 40, and forms a pressure with the external water pressure. Balance or water pressure reaction force to ensure that the external water does not enter the sealed compartment.
  • the outer rotor 21 is operated in the cooling oil for a long time, which can form lubrication, cooling and heat dissipation for the external rotor, and protect the external rotor motor and mechanical components from being avoided. Water erosion.
  • the moving ring 71 and the stationary ring 72 are fitted on the output shaft 30.
  • the stationary ring 72 is pressed into the sealing groove which is disposed coaxially with the center hole of the front end cover 40.
  • the stationary ring 72 forms a relative relationship with the output shaft 30.
  • Rotating, the static ring 72 seals the output shaft 30 and the center hole of the front end cover 40.
  • the moving ring 71 is disposed between the stationary ring 72 and the outer rotor 21.
  • the moving ring 71 acts as a pressing device for the stationary ring 72, and the stationary ring 72 Pushing in the sealing groove ensures that the static ring 72 is in the sealing groove during the operation of the motor or when the motor is stopped, which ensures the sealing of the static ring 72 to the joint of the output shaft 30 and the front end cover 40, thereby ensuring external water. Will not enter the capsule.
  • the moving ring 71 and the stationary ring 72 in the sealed compartment are surrounded by cooling oil, and lubricate and isolate the moving ring 71, the stationary ring 72 and the output shaft 30, even if external water enters the sealed compartment, cooling Oil is also not compatible with water due to oil and water density
  • the difference between the cooling oil and the moving ring 71, the stationary ring 72, the outer rotor 21 and other components is that the water does not erode the mechanical components and fully ensures the stability of the internal components of the propeller.
  • the rear end cover 80 is installed on the outer bottom of the motor mount 10 to enhance the waterproof sealing of the motor and the motor mount 10.
  • the connection between the rear end cover 80 and the motor mount 10, and the connection between the motor mount 10 and the front end cover 40 are provided.
  • There is a sealing ring the motor fixing frame 10 is provided with a groove for mounting a sealing ring, the groove for installing the sealing ring is arranged on the end surface of the motor fixing frame 10, the sealing ring is an O-ring 100, and the O-ring is arranged to the motor
  • the sealing of the fixing frame 10 to the front end cover 40 and the rear end cover 80 is sealed.
  • the motor mount 10 and/or the rear end cover 80 are provided with at least one liquid electric connection, and the motor mount 10 is provided with a replenishing port for cooling oil, and the replenishing port is sealingly connected with the cooling oil replenishing device.
  • the liquid medium 60 in the sealed chamber is monitored by an external control device. After the liquid medium is depleted by a certain amount, the liquid medium replenishing device is operated by the control device, and the liquid medium to be replenished is replenished into the sealed chamber by the liquid medium replenishing port.
  • the operation of the motor requires connecting a wire, and the external power supply device is connected to the external power supply device to supply electric energy to the motor.
  • the motor mount 10 is provided with a mount 110 for fixing the motor mount, and the mount 110 is provided for routing,
  • the through hole of the tube, the mounting seat 110 is provided with a screw hole for fitting a bolt, and a central through hole is arranged in the mounting seat 110, and the wire or the liquid electric connection used for the motor, the liquid medium replenishing port and the tube for replenishing the liquid medium are all provided. It can be disposed in the cavity of the through hole.
  • the mounting seat 110 When the mounting seat 110 is connected and connected to the propelled device, the mounting seat 110 can be installed on the propelled device through a sealing device such as a gasket, so that the liquid electric joint and the liquid medium can be supplemented.
  • the mouth is not in contact with external water to achieve sealing of its external equipment, further enhancing the sealability of the propeller.
  • the shroud 90 is mounted on the front end cover 40 through the shroud bracket 91 to prevent the impact of the water on the propeller 50, to avoid damage to the propeller 50 or to interfere with its working operation.
  • the shroud 90 is provided along the axis. a circular trough of a hollow cavity, and a large opening of the truncated cone is disposed near the front end cover.
  • the shroud bracket 91 is installed near the large opening of the truncated cone.
  • the propeller 50 is coaxial with the shroud 90 and is disposed between the large opening and the small opening.
  • the shroud 90 is a truncated cone cover open at both ends, the projection of the top surface of the truncated cone cover is smaller than the projection of the bottom surface, the top surface of the truncated cone is a small opening, the bottom surface is a large opening, and the bottom surface of the diversion cover 90 is a large opening close to the front end cover.
  • the shroud bracket is disposed near the bottom port
  • the propeller 50 is disposed coaxially with the shroud 90 and is located in the middle of the top surface and the bottom surface
  • the shroud is designed as a trumpet-like structure, but the drinking water of the propeller 50 is working. The amount is large, the amount of water is small, and the water flow is formed slowly and quickly, which enhances the pushing effect of the propeller.
  • the propeller adopts an outer rotor motor, and the cooling oil is sealed outside the outer rotor motor, which can not only seal the outer rotor motor, but also prevent the water from being eroded, and can cool the motor and lubricate the motor, thereby effectively ensuring efficient operation of the motor and prolonging the life of the motor.
  • the utility model has the advantages of simple structure and large torque, and ensures stable and reliable operation of the propeller.

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Abstract

一种推进器，包括外转子电机、电机固定架（10）、中心开孔的前端盖（40）、输出轴（30）、螺旋桨（50），电机固定架为一端开口的腔体结构，外转子电机固定安装在腔体内，前端盖与电机固定架开口端连接形成一密封腔，输出轴一端与外转子（21）同轴连接，另一端穿过前端盖中心孔与螺旋桨连接，输出轴与前端盖中心孔连接处密封设置，外转子与电机固定架内壁之间存在空隙。通过在外转子电机与电机固定架中间设置空隙，结合前、后端盖（80）的连接，形成密闭的密封舱，在密封舱内注入液体介质（60），来实现对外转子电机的密封，避免水侵蚀设备，同时对电机起到润滑、降温的作用，保证推进器稳定运行。

Description

一种推进器 技术领域
本发明属于水下推进装置领域，具体地说，涉及一种推进器。
背景技术
推力系统是广泛用于水面或者水下航行器的动力装置，主要用来推动航行器航行，或提供可控的力和力矩使设备调整处于期望的位置和姿态。
目前作为水下航行器使用的推力系统，通常由单个电机通过轴系连接螺旋桨旋转配合导管组合使用。电力推进装置和高压海水泵是深海潜水器中的重要组成部分，而水下电机则是这些水下机电装置的关键，基于直流无刷电机的水下电机，具有功率体积比大、扭矩大、效率高等优点，外转子电机应用较为广泛。
外转子的密封一直是潜水电机的关键技术，由于电机是在水压下旋转工作，因而水压越高、转速越高，轴与机壳间就容易泄露，水下推进器的电机密封而引起的故障率一直较高，外部水压对电机的密封要求越来越高。
有鉴于此特提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种推进器，通过在外转子电机与电机固定架中间设置空隙，结合前、后端盖的连接，形成密闭的密封舱，在密封舱内注入液体介质，来实现对外转子电机的密封，避免使用中出现渗水、透水引起损坏电机的状况出现，有效保障电机的安全运行，同时液体介质还能达到润滑电机，给电机降温的效果，保证推进器稳定可靠运行。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用技术方案的基本构思是：
一种推进器，包括外转子电机、电机固定架、中心开孔的前端盖、输出轴、螺旋桨，所述的电机固定架为一端开口的腔体结构，所述的外转子电机固定安装在腔体内，所述前端盖与电机固定架开口端连接形成一密封腔，所述的输出轴一端与外转子同轴连接，另一端穿过前端盖中心孔与螺旋桨连接，输出轴与前端盖中心孔连接处密封设置，所述的外转子与电机固定架内壁之间存在空隙。
进一步地，所述的电机固定架与前端盖中心孔之间设有轴封装置，所述的前端盖在中心开孔内侧同轴设有密封凹槽，所述的轴封装置套装在输出轴上，且至少部分密封安装在前端盖的密封凹槽中，所述的密封凹槽的截面直径大于中心孔的截面直径。
进一步地，所述的轴封装置为机械密封构件，所述的机械密封构件包括依次套装在输出轴上的动环、静环，所述的静环密封安装在密封凹槽中，所述的动环安装在外转子与静环之间并互相接触，所述的动环和静环的轴向长度之和略大于前端盖与外转子之间的轴向距离。
进一步地，所述的中心孔内壁设有将中心孔轴向分割成若干独立腔的挡板，所述的挡板设有用于穿过输出轴的开孔，所述的挡板与输出轴转动连接。
进一步地，所述的前端盖在中心开孔外侧同轴设有凹槽，所述的凹槽的截面直径大于中心孔的截面直径，所述的凹槽中安装有油封，所述的前端盖在靠近螺旋桨一侧设有与前端盖固定连接的密封盖。
进一步地，所述的密封舱内密封充满液体介质。
进一步地，所述的动环、静环设置在密封舱内，且液体介质周向包络动环与静环。
进一步地，所述的独立腔内密封液体介质。
进一步地，所述的液体介质为冷却液，所述的冷却液包括油液、纯净水。
优选地，所述的液体介质为冷却油。
进一步地，所述的独立腔中密封注满润滑脂。
进一步地，还包括后端盖，所述的后端盖安装在电机固定架远离前端盖的一端。
进一步地，所述的电机固定架和/或后端盖至少设有一个液电接头，所述的电机固定架设有用于补充密封舱内液体介质的液体介质补充口，所述的液体介质补充口与液体补充装置密封连接。
进一步地，还包括用于保护螺旋桨的导流罩，所述的导流罩通过导流罩支架安装在前端盖上。
进一步地，所述的导流罩为沿轴线设有中空通腔的圆台，且圆台的大口靠近前端盖设置，所述的导流罩支架靠近圆台的大口安装，所述的螺旋桨与导流罩同轴且设置在圆台大口与小口之间。
进一步地，所述的外转子电机通过固定座与腔体的内壁连接，优选地，所述的固定座为 凸台状，凸起端与腔体的底面连接，与凸起端相对的另一端与外转子电机连接，所述的腔体的底部腔壁设有匹配凸起的凹腔或孔洞。
进一步地，所述的后端盖与电机固定架连接处、电机固定架与前端盖连接处均设有密封圈，所述的电机固定架设有安装密封圈的凹槽。
进一步地，所述的安装密封圈的凹槽设置在电机固定架的端面上。
进一步地，所述的前端盖与密封盖连接处设有密封圈，所述的前端盖设有安装密封圈的凹槽。
进一步地，所述的密封圈为O型密封圈。
进一步地，所述的电机固定架设有用于固定电机固定架的安装座，所述的安装座设有用于走线、管的通孔，所述安装座设有配合螺栓的螺孔。
采用上述技术方案后，本发明与现有技术相比具有以下有益效果。
本发明通过在外转子电机与电机固定架中间设置空隙，结合前、后端盖的连接，形成密闭的密封舱，在密封舱内注入液体介质，来实现对外转子电机的密封，同时在输出轴与前端盖之间设有密封结构，通过静密封、动密封构件的应用，对外转子电机形成多层密封保护，避免使用中出现渗水、透水引起损坏电机的状况出现，有效保障电机的安全运行。
本发明外转子电机体积小、长度短、力矩大，结构简单合理，整体集成度提高，便于安装和维护，推进器密封效果好，运行稳定可靠，保证推进器稳定可靠运行。
本发明的液体介质还能起到润滑电机及其它部件，利于推进器高效运行，同时可将电机产生的热量及时的传输出去，快速给电机降温，保证推进器运行性能。
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的描述。
附图说明
附图作为本申请的一部分，用来提供对本发明的进一步的理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，但不构成对本发明的不当限定。显然，下面描述中的附图仅仅是一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来说，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他附图。在附图中：
图1为本发明一实施例的结构示意图；
图2为本发明又一实施例的整体结构示意图；
图3为本发明又一实施例的A-A剖面示意图；
图4为本发明又一实施例的爆炸图。
图中：10-电机固定架；21-外转子；22-内定子；23-固定座；30-输出轴；40-前端盖；41-密封盖；42-挡板；50-螺旋桨；60-液体介质；61-润滑脂；71-动环；72-静环；73-油封；80-后端盖；90-导流罩；91-导流罩支架；100-O型密封圈；110-安装座。
需要说明的是，这些附图和文字描述并不旨在以任何方式限制本发明的构思范围，而是通过参考特定实施例为本领域技术人员说明本发明的概念。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1、图2、图3、图4所示，本发明所述的一种推进器，包括外转子电机、电机固定架10、中心开孔的前端盖40、输出轴30、螺旋桨50，所述的电机固定架10为一端开口的腔体结构，所述的外转子电机固定安装在腔体内，所述前端盖40与电机固定架10开口端连接形成一密封舱，所述的输出轴30一端与外转子同轴连接，另一端穿过前端盖40中心孔与螺旋桨50连接，输出轴30与前端盖40中心孔连接处密封设置，所述的外转子与电机固定架10内壁之间存在空隙。
具体地，外转子电机包括外转子21、内定子22、固定座23，内定子22固定在固定座23上，电机固定架10为筒体状，且一端设有开口，内部形成一腔室，将外转子电机放置在电机固定架10的腔室内，内定子22通过固定座23与电机固定架10的内壁连接，固定座23的结 构与连接形式不做限定，仅需满足可以将内定子22固定在腔体中且使外转子电机正常运转即可，例如可以为支撑杆、连接垫或限位珠等，优选地，所述的固定座为凸台状，凸起端与腔体的底面连接，与凸起端相对的另一端与外转子电机的内定子22连接，所述的腔体的底部腔壁设有匹配凸起的凹腔或孔洞，将凸起装入凹腔或孔洞中，可通过螺栓将固定座23固定在电机固定架10筒体的底端面上。前端盖40为一盖型状，可与电机固定架10扣合并固定连接使内部形成一个密封舱，前端盖40在中心设有一开孔，将输出轴30的一端通过法兰与外转子21连接，输出轴30与外转子同轴心设置，输出轴30的另一端穿过前端盖40的中心孔与螺旋桨连接，其中，输出轴30与前端盖40中心孔为可转动连接且密封设置，密封设置例如可采用密封圈、油封、注油密封、机械密封等，在外转子21带动输出轴30转动时，外部的水不会从输出轴30和前端盖40的连接处进入密封舱。
外转子21与电机固定架10的内壁之间保留一定间距的空隙，外转子21在运转中不会接触电机固定架10的内壁，作为一种优选方式，所述的密封舱内填充液体介质60，在密封舱内注满液体介质60，使外转子21的对外部分与液体介质60保持接触，外转子21工作时，是处在液体介质60中旋转，密封舱内的液体介质60对输出轴30和前端盖40的中心孔连接处均会产生压力，与外部水压形成平衡或水压反作用力，保证外部水不进入密封舱中，进一步增强密封性，同时，外转子21长期处在液体介质60中运行，进一步地，液体介质60为冷却液，冷却液包括油液、纯净水，可对外转子形成降温、散热的作用，对电机的长时间高效运行形成保护，优选地，所述的液体介质60为冷却油，可实现密封、降温、润滑的作用，对外转子电机及机械部件形成保护，避免遭水侵蚀。
为进一步提高输出轴30与前端盖40连接处的密封性，在电机固定架10与前端盖40之间设置一轴封装置，所述的前端盖40在中心开孔内侧同轴设有密封凹槽，所述的轴封装置套装在输出轴30上，且至少部分密封安装在前端盖40的密封凹槽中，所述的密封凹槽的截面直径大于中心孔的截面直径，在输出轴30和前端盖40连接处设置轴封装置，可有效提高输出轴30与前端盖40中心孔的密封性，轴封装置可选用密封圈或其他密封器件，将密封圈或其他密封器件安装在密封凹槽中，为使密封性能更好，密封凹槽的直径小于密封圈或其他密封器件的直径，在安装完输出轴30后，密封圈或其他密封器件在密封凹槽与输出轴30之间处于挤压状态，保证对输出轴30与前端盖40连接处的密封性，进一步地，设置一弹性装置或锁紧装置，将密封圈或其他密封器件进行稳固，可在外转子21与密封圈或其他密封器件之间的输出轴30上套装一弹簧，弹簧常处在压缩状态，对密封圈或其他密封器件形成推力，亦 或是在前端盖40或电机固定架10上设置压片或弹性装置，对密封圈或其他密封器件进行施力，将密封圈或其他密封器件向密封凹槽中推压，保证密封圈或其他密封器件的密封性。
轴封装置作为加强密封性的密封构件，作为一种优选方案，所述的轴封装置为机械密封构件，所述的机械密封构件包括依次套装在输出轴30上的动环71、静环72，所述的静环72密封安装在密封凹槽中，所述的动环71安装在外转子与静环72之间并互相接触，所述的动环71和静环72的轴向长度之和略大于前端盖40与外转子21之间的轴向距离。动环71、静环72套装在输出轴30上，静环72挤压在密封凹槽中，在外转子21转动时，静环72与输出轴30形成相对转动，静环72对输出轴30与前端盖40中心孔进行密封，动环71设置在静环72与外转子21之间，动环71作为对静环72的推压装置，将静环72推压在密封凹槽中，确保静环72在电机工作中或电机停止时均处在密封凹槽中，保障静环72对输出轴30与前端盖40连接处的密封性，从而保证外部水不会进入密封舱中。所述的动环71、静环72设置在密封舱内，且液体介质60周向包络动环71与静环72，处在密封舱中的动环71、静环72，周围被液体介质包围，对动环71、静环72及输出轴30之间进行润滑、隔绝，即使有外部的水进入密封舱中，采用冷却油的液体介质也与水不容，由于油与水密度的不同，冷却油仍会对动环71、静环72、外转子21及其它部件附油，水不会侵蚀机械部件，充分保证推进器内部构件的稳定性。
前端盖40与输出轴30的密封性能直接关系到电机及密封舱内的设备安全，本发明所述的中心孔内壁设有将中心孔轴向分割成若干独立腔的挡板42，所述的挡板42设有用于穿过输出轴30的开孔，所述的挡板42与输出轴30紧密转动连接，前端盖40的中心孔用于穿过输出轴30并对输出轴30进行密封，使输出轴30转动时外部水不会进入密封舱内，中心孔的直径大于输出轴30的直径，输出轴30与中心孔内壁留有一定距离的空隙，在中心孔的轴向内壁上设置挡板42，挡板42将中心孔在轴向分割，形成若干个独立腔，挡板42设有与中心孔同轴的开孔，开孔的直径略大于输出轴30的直径，且若干个挡板的开孔同轴同径。其中，开孔与输出轴30转动连接且密封连接；亦或是挡板活动安装于中心孔内壁上，输出轴30与挡板紧密连接，输出轴30转动时带着挡板一同转，挡板与中心孔内壁可转动连接。安装时将输出轴30依次穿过若干挡板41的开孔，形成的独立腔会包络输出轴30，独立腔可形成轴封结构，若干独立腔形成若干层轴封，优选地，独立腔中密封注满润滑脂61，形成若干层注油密封结构，润滑脂61与水、油均不融合，可有效保障密封舱中的液体介质密封性，防止液体介质与独立腔室连通，增强对输出轴30的轴封作用，且对输出轴30形成润滑作用。应该被 本领域技术人员所理解的是，这里所说的挡板仅是分割独立腔室的部件，在输出轴上设有同样可以达到效果，仅需满足形成若干层轴封结构的腔室即可。
为使前端盖40中心孔与外界水连接处的密封性能更稳定，所述的前端盖40在中心开孔外侧同轴设有凹槽，所述的凹槽的截面直径大于中心孔的截面直径，所述的凹槽中安装有油封73，所述的前端盖40在靠近螺旋桨一侧设有与前端盖固定连接的密封盖41，通过密封盖41与前端盖40的固定，使油封73密封在凹槽中，油封73可将独立腔室中的润滑脂61进行密封，防止润滑脂61渗漏，进一步提高对输出轴、中心孔与外界水接触处的密封性。
为增强对电机固定架10底部的密封，推进器还包括后端盖80，所述的后端盖80安装在电机固定架10远离前端盖40的一端。在电机固定架10的底部增加一后端盖80，在电机安装完成后，再在电机固定架10的外底部安装后端盖80，增强电机及电机固定架10的防水密封性，优选地，所述的后端盖80与电机固定架10连接处、电机固定架10与前端盖40连接处均设有密封圈，所述的电机固定架10设有安装密封圈的凹槽，所述的安装密封圈的凹槽设置在电机固定架10的端面上，所述的密封圈为O型密封圈100，通过设置O型密封圈对电机固定架10与前端盖40、后端盖80连接处的密封性，同样，也可以采用其他的密封设置或装置，对连接处进行密封。
密封舱内的液体介质60会在设备运行中多多少少的会消耗，为确保密封舱中长期充满或接近充满液体介质60的状态，所述的电机固定架10和/或后端盖80至少设有一个液电接头，所述的电机固定架10设有用于补充密封舱内液体介质60的液体介质补充口，所述的液体介质补充口与液体补充装置密封连接。通过外部控制装置，对密封舱中的液体介质60进行监控，在液体介质损耗一定量后，通过控制装置操作液体介质补充装置，将待补充的液态介质由液体介质补充口补充到密封舱中，电机的运作需要连接电线，通过液电接头连通外部的电源设备，为电机供给电能，优选地，所述的电机固定架10设有用于固定电机固定架的安装座110，所述的安装座110设有用于走线、管的通孔，所述安装座110设有配合螺栓的螺孔，在安装座110设置一中心通孔，将用到的电线或液电接头、液体介质补充口及补充液体介质的管均可设置在通孔的腔中，在安装座110与被推进设备连接安装时，可通过密封垫等密封器件，将安装座110安装与被推进设备上，如此可保证液电接头及液体介质补充口均不与外部的水接触，实现对其外联设备的密封，进一步增强推进器的密封性。
在螺旋桨50的端头，为了对螺旋桨50进行保护，所述的推进器还包括用于保护螺旋桨50的导流罩90，所述的导流罩90通过导流罩支架91安装在前端盖40上，可避免水中杂物 对螺旋桨50造成影响，避免损坏螺旋桨50或干扰其工作运行，所述的导流罩90为沿轴线设有中空通腔的圆台，且圆台的大口靠近前端盖设置，所述的导流罩支架91靠近圆台的大口安装，所述的螺旋桨50与导流罩90同轴且设置在圆台大口与小口之间，优选地，螺旋桨50安装在大口和小口之间中部位置，导流罩90为两端开口的圆台状罩，圆台状罩的顶面的投影小于底面的投影，圆台的顶面为小口，底面为大口，导流罩90的底面即大口靠近前端盖40设置，导流罩支架设置在底面端口附近，螺旋桨50与导流罩90同轴设置且位于顶面与底面的中部，导流罩设计成类喇叭状的结构，可是螺旋桨50工作时的饮水量较大、出水量较小，形成水流慢进快出，增强推进器的推水作用。
本发明通过在外转子电机与电机固定架中间设置空隙，结合前、后端盖的连接，形成密闭的密封舱，在密封舱内注入液体介质，来实现对外转子电机的密封，同时在输出轴与前端盖之间设有密封结构，通过静密封、动密封构件的应用，对外转子电机形成多层密封保护，避免使用中出现渗水、透水引起损坏电机的状况出现，有效保障电机的安全运行。
本发明外转子电机体积小、长度短、力矩大，结构简单合理，整体集成度提高，便于安装和维护，推进器密封效果好，运行稳定可靠，保证推进器稳定可靠运行。
本发明的液体介质还能起到润滑电机及其它部件，利于推进器高效运行，同时可将电机产生的热量及时的传输出去，快速给电机降温，保证推进器运行性能。
实施例一
如图1所示，本实施例所述的一种推进器，包括外转子电机、电机固定架10、中心开孔的前端盖40、输出轴30、螺旋桨50、后端盖80，外转子电机包括外转子21、内定子22、固定座23，外转子电机通过固定座23安装在电机固定架10内底面，输出轴30一端与外转子21同轴连接，另一端穿过前端盖40中心孔与螺旋桨50连接，外转子与电机固定架10内壁之间存在空隙，前端盖40、电机固定架10连接形成的密封舱内密封填满冷却油。
具体地，外转子电机包括外转子21、内定子22、固定座23，内定子22固定在固定座23上，电机固定架10为筒体状，且一端设有开口，内部形成一腔室，将外转子电机放置在电机固定架10的腔室内，内定子22通过固定座23与电机固定架10的内壁连接，固定座23为若干支撑杆，通过支撑杆将内定子22固定在在腔体中，同时保证外转子电机正常运转。前端盖40为一盖型状，可与电机固定架10扣合并通过螺纹固定连接使内部形成一个密封舱，电机固定架10的连接端口设有内螺纹，前端盖40在中心设有一开孔，将输出轴30的一端通过法兰与外转子21连接，输出轴30与外转子同轴心设置，输出轴30的另一端穿过前端盖40的 中心孔与螺旋桨50连接，输出轴30与前端盖40中心孔为可转动密封连接，在外转子21带动输出轴30转动时，外部的水不会从输出轴30和前端盖40的连接处进入密封舱。
外转子21与电机固定架10的内壁之间设有一定间距的空隙，外转子21在运转中不会接触电机固定架10的内壁，在密封舱内注满冷却油，使外转子21的对外部分与冷却油保持接触，外转子21工作时，是处在冷却油中旋转，密封舱内的冷却油对输出轴30和前端盖40的中心孔连接处均会产生压力，与外部水压形成平衡或水压反作用力，保证外部水不进入密封舱中，外转子21长期处在冷却油中运行，可对外转子形成润滑、降温、散热的作用，对外转子电机及机械部件形成保护，避免遭水侵蚀。
前端盖40的中心孔内壁设有将中心孔轴向分割成若干独立腔的挡板42，挡板42设有用于穿过输出轴30的开孔，挡板42与输出轴30紧密转动连接，前端盖40的中心孔用于穿过输出轴30并对输出轴30进行密封，使输出轴30转动时外部水不会进入密封舱内，中心孔的直径大于输出轴30的直径，输出轴30与中心孔内壁留有一定距离的空隙，在中心孔的轴向内壁上设置挡板42，挡板42将中心孔在轴向分割，形成若干个独立腔，挡板42设有与中心孔同轴的开孔，开孔的直径略大于输出轴30的直径，且若干个挡板的开孔同轴同径，开孔与输出轴30转动连接且密封连接。安装时将输出轴30依次穿过若干挡板41的开孔，形成的独立腔会包络输出轴30，独立腔可形成轴封结构，独立腔中密封注满润滑脂61，形成若干层注油密封结构，润滑脂61与水、油均不融合，可有效保障密封舱中的液体介质密封性，防止液体介质与独立腔室连通，增强对输出轴30的轴封作用，且对输出轴30形成润滑作用。
前端盖40在中心开孔外侧同轴设有凹槽，凹槽的截面直径大于中心孔的截面直径，凹槽中安装有油封73，前端盖40在靠近螺旋桨一侧设有与前端盖固定连接的密封盖41，通过密封盖41与前端盖40的固定，使油封73密封在凹槽中，油封73可将独立腔室中的润滑脂61进行密封，防止润滑脂61渗漏，进一步提高对输出轴、中心孔与外界水接触处的密封性。
本发明在外转子电机与电机固定架中间设置空隙，结合前、后端盖的连接，形成密闭的密封舱，在密封舱内注入液体介质，来实现对外转子电机的密封，同时在输出轴与前端盖之间设有静密封，对外转子电机形成多层密封保护，避免使用中出现渗水、透水引起损坏电机的状况出现，有效保障电机的安全运行。
实施例二
如图2、图3、图4所示，本实施例所述的一种推进器，包括外转子电机、电机固定架10、中心开孔的前端盖40、输出轴30、螺旋桨50、后端盖80、机械密封构件、导流罩90， 外转子电机包括外转子21、内定子22、固定座23，机械密封构件包括动环71、静环72，外转子电机通过固定座23安装在电机固定架10内底面，输出轴30一端与外转子21同轴连接，另一端穿过前端盖40中心孔与螺旋桨50连接，外转子与电机固定架10内壁之间存在空隙，前端盖40、电机固定架10连接形成的密封舱内填充冷却油。
具体地，外转子电机包括外转子21、内定子22、固定座23，内定子22固定在固定座23上，电机固定架10为筒体状，且一端设有开口，内部形成一腔室，将外转子电机放置在电机固定架10的腔室内，内定子22通过固定座23与电机固定架10的内壁连接，固定座为凸台状，凸起端与腔体的底面连接，与凸起端相对的另一端与外转子电机的内定子22连接，腔体的底部腔壁设有匹配凸起的凹腔或孔洞，将凸起装入凹腔或孔洞中，通过螺栓将固定座23固定在电机固定架10筒体的底端面上，螺栓穿过电机固定架10外壁方便进行安装。前端盖40为一盖型状，可与电机固定架10扣合并通过螺纹固定连接使内部形成一个密封舱，电机固定架10的连接端口设有内螺纹，前端盖40在中心设有一开孔，将输出轴30的一端通过法兰与外转子21连接，输出轴30与外转子同轴心设置，输出轴30的另一端穿过前端盖40的中心孔与螺旋桨连接，输出轴30与前端盖40中心孔为可转动密封连接，在外转子21带动输出轴30转动时，外部的水不会从输出轴30和前端盖40的连接处进入密封舱。
外转子21与电机固定架10的内壁之间设有一定间距的空隙，外转子21在运转中不会接触电机固定架10的内壁，在密封舱内注满冷却油，使外转子21的对外部分与冷却油保持接触，外转子21工作时，是处在冷却油中旋转，密封舱内的冷却油对输出轴30和前端盖40的中心孔连接处均会产生压力，与外部水压形成平衡或水压反作用力，保证外部水不进入密封舱中，外转子21长期处在冷却油中运行，可对外转子形成润滑、降温、散热的作用，对外转子电机及机械部件形成保护，避免遭水侵蚀。
动环71、静环72套装在输出轴30上，静环72挤压在前端盖40与中心孔同轴设置的密封凹槽中，在外转子21转动时，静环72与输出轴30形成相对转动，静环72对输出轴30与前端盖40中心孔进行密封，动环71设置在静环72与外转子21之间，动环71作为对静环72的推压装置，将静环72推压在密封凹槽中，确保静环72在电机工作中或电机停止时均处在密封凹槽中，保障静环72对输出轴30与前端盖40连接处的密封性，从而保证外部水不会进入密封舱中。
处在密封舱中的动环71、静环72，周围被冷却油包围，对动环71、静环72及输出轴30之间进行润滑、隔绝，即使有外部的水进入密封舱中，冷却油也与水不容，由于油与水密度 的不同，冷却油仍会对动环71、静环72、外转子21及其它部件附油，水不会侵蚀机械部件，充分保证推进器内部构件的稳定性。
在电机固定架10的外底部安装后端盖80，增强电机及电机固定架10的防水密封性，后端盖80与电机固定架10连接处、电机固定架10与前端盖40连接处均设有密封圈，电机固定架10设有安装密封圈的凹槽，安装密封圈的凹槽设置在电机固定架10的端面上，密封圈为O型密封圈100，通过设置O型密封圈对电机固定架10与前端盖40、后端盖80连接处的密封性。
电机固定架10和/或后端盖80至少设有一个液电接头，电机固定架10设有用于冷却油的补充口，补充口与冷却油补充装置密封连接。通过外部控制装置，对密封舱中的液体介质60进行监控，在液体介质损耗一定量后，通过控制装置操作液体介质补充装置，将待补充的液态介质由液体介质补充口补充到密封舱中，电机的运作需要连接电线，通过液电接头连通外部的电源设备，为电机供给电能，优选地，电机固定架10设有用于固定电机固定架的安装座110，安装座110设有用于走线、管的通孔，所述安装座110设有配合螺栓的螺孔，在安装座110设置一中心通孔，将电机用到的电线或液电接头、液体介质补充口及补充液体介质的管均可设置在通孔的腔中，在安装座110与被推进设备连接安装时，可通过密封垫等密封器件，将安装座110安装与被推进设备上，如此可保证液电接头及液体介质补充口均不与外部的水接触，实现对其外联设备的密封，进一步增强推进器的密封性。
导流罩90通过导流罩支架91安装在前端盖40上，可避免水中杂物对螺旋桨50造成影响，避免损坏螺旋桨50或干扰其工作运行，所述的导流罩90为沿轴线设有中空通腔的圆台，且圆台的大口靠近前端盖设置，所述的导流罩支架91靠近圆台的大口安装，所述的螺旋桨50与导流罩90同轴且设置在大口和小口之间中部位置，导流罩90为两端开口的圆台状罩，圆台状罩的顶面的投影小于底面的投影，圆台的顶面为小口，底面为大口，导流罩90的底面即大口靠近前端盖40设置，导流罩支架设置在底面端口附近，螺旋桨50与导流罩90同轴设置且位于顶面与底面的中部，导流罩设计成类喇叭状的结构，可是螺旋桨50工作时的饮水量较大、出水量较小，形成水流慢进快出，增强推进器的推水作用。
本实施例推进器采用外转子电机，在外转子电机外密封冷却油，既能实现对外转子电机的密封，防止被水侵蚀，又能冷却电机、润滑电机，有效保证电机的高效运行，延长电机寿命，结构简单、力矩大，保证推进器稳定可靠运行。
以上所述仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，虽然本发 明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉本专利的技术人员在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，当可利用上述提示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明方案的范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种推进器，其特征在于，包括外转子电机、电机固定架(10)、中心开孔的前端盖(40)、输出轴(30)、螺旋桨(50)，所述的电机固定架(10)为一端开口的腔体结构，所述的外转子电机固定安装在腔体内，所述前端盖(40)与电机固定架(10)开口端连接形成一密封舱，所述的输出轴(30)一端与外转子同轴连接，另一端穿过前端盖(40)中心孔与螺旋桨(50)连接，输出轴(30)与前端盖(40)中心孔连接处密封设置，所述的外转子与电机固定架(10)内壁之间存在空隙。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种推进器，其特征在于，所述的电机固定架(10)与前端盖(40)中心孔之间设有轴封装置，所述的前端盖(40)在中心开孔内侧同轴设有密封凹槽，所述的轴封装置套装在输出轴(30)上，且至少部分密封安装在前端盖(40)的密封凹槽中，所述的密封凹槽的截面直径大于中心孔的截面直径。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种推进器，其特征在于，所述的轴封装置为机械密封构件，所述的机械密封构件包括依次套装在输出轴(30)上的动环(71)、静环(72)，所述的静环(72)密封安装在密封凹槽中，所述的动环(71)安装在外转子与静环(72)之间并互相接触，所述的动环(71)和静环(72)的轴向长度之和略大于前端盖(40)与外转子(21)之间的轴向距离。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种推进器，其特征在于，所述的中心孔内壁设有将中心孔轴向分割成若干独立腔的挡板(42)，所述的挡板(42)设有用于穿过输出轴的开孔，所述的挡板(42)与输出轴(30)转动连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种推进器，其特征在于，所述的前端盖(40)在中心开孔外侧同轴设有凹槽，所述的凹槽的截面直径大于中心孔的截面直径，所述的凹槽中安装有油封(73)，所述的前端盖(40)在靠近螺旋桨一侧设有与前端盖(40)固定连接的密封盖(41)。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述的一种推进器，其特征在于，所述的密封舱内密封充满液体介质(60)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种推进器，其特征在于，所述的液体介质(60)为冷却液，所述的冷却液包括油液、纯净水。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种推进器，其特征在于，还包括用于保护螺旋桨(50)的导流罩(90)，所述的导流罩(90)通过导流罩支架(91)安装在前端盖(40)上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种推进器，其特征在于，所述的导流罩(90)为沿轴线设有 中空通腔的圆台，且圆台的大口靠近前端盖(40)设置，所述的导流罩支架(91)靠近圆台的大口安装，所述的螺旋桨(50)与导流罩(90)同轴且设置在圆台大口与小口之间。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种推进器，其特征在于，所述的后端盖(80)与电机固定架(10)连接处、电机固定架(10)与前端盖(40)连接处均设有密封圈，所述的电机固定架(10)设有安装密封圈的凹槽。
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