WO2018033531A1

WO2018033531A1 - Protection device for protecting a person from the effects of heat

Info

Publication number: WO2018033531A1
Application number: PCT/EP2017/070662
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hendrik Rust; Thomas Zawadke; Robert Knein-Linz
Original assignee: Hochschule Karlsruhe
Priority date: 2016-08-18
Filing date: 2017-08-15
Publication date: 2018-02-22
Also published as: DE102016215465A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a protection device (110) for protecting a person from the effects of heat (112). The protection device (110) comprises a protective shell (120) that can be closed on all sides and is designed to receive the person in a volume (122) that can be formed by the protective shell (120). In this context, the protection device (110) has at least one upper side (124) and one underside (126) arranged opposite the upper side (124), wherein at least the underside (126) is designed to rest on a substrate (128). The protective shell (120) has, at least on the upper side (124) of the protection device (110), a layer structure (130) comprising at least one outer layer (132), a middle layer (134) adjoining the outer layer (132), and an inner layer (136) adjoining the middle layer (134) and the volume (122) that can be formed, wherein the outer layer (132) comprises a material that is non-flammable and reflects heat radiation, the middle layer (134) comprises a solid insulation layer (146) that has at least two insulating mat structures that are respectively separated from one another by a metal foil (140), and the inner layer (136) comprises a material designed to prevent the person being burnt. The present protection device (110) allows a person to survive for longer in the volume (122) that can be formed in the protective shell (120), even when the protection device (110) is exposed to heat (112), as can be the case in particular in the context of fire protection, catastrophe protection and explosion protection.

Description

Protective device to protect a person from the effects of heat

The present invention relates to a protective device for protecting a person from the effects of heat, as may occur in particular in the field of fire, disaster and explosion protection.

State of the art

The lives of the civilian population as well as the emergency services are often at risk in the area of fire, disaster and explosion protection. If an escape is not possible or no longer possible when a danger occurs, it is particularly advantageous if the affected persons know how to withdraw into existing rooms or short-term protective devices, with a high probability of survival over a longer period of about 15-120 minutes to secure. In particular, in these hazardous situations, it may be necessary to protect the human body from possible burns, respiratory poisoning, gaseous or liquid chemical burns and / or injury due to flying splinters or parts resulting from explosions. Protective blankets or body-worn protective clothing, e.g. Protective suits or protective vests are often not enough for this. Protective blankets, especially at extreme temperatures, such as strong heat radiation or direct flame exposure, due to their open design often no survival, protective suits require a durable wear and usually cause a strong restriction of freedom of movement and protective vests offer only a partial body protection.

Protective devices for protecting persons or objects from adverse external influences are known from the prior art. US 4,856,436 A discloses a protective device for the protection of electronic devices, comprising a pair of telescopic arms, between which a deployable protective layer of a resistant material is attachable. Although the protective layer of a folded thin metal layer used is waterproof, it offers only limited protection against fire and smoke.

L. Andersen, The Development and Implementation of an Improved Fire Shelter for Wildland Firefighters, The Third International Wildland Fire Conference, 2003, Sydney, Australia, a Protective Device to Protect a Person from the Effects of Heat, in particular for use in the field of fire protection. The protective device has a protective sleeve in the form of a half-cylinder with rounded ends, so as to achieve a low surface-to-volume ratio and to avoid a fire-promoting effect of reflective surfaces of the protective device. The protective cover has a two-ply layer structure comprising an outer layer and an inner layer, the outer layer consisting of woven aluminum foil laminated silicate being adapted to reflect thermal radiation and to slow down heat transfer into the inner layer. The inner layer of glass fibers, also laminated to aluminum foil, is designed to prevent heat radiation and gases from entering the guard. An air gap generated by sewing together the two layers serves to further heat insulation of the protective device. Seams are provided on the upper side of the protective device, which on the one hand serve to support the mechanical stability of the protective cover and, on the other hand, to hold the outer layer in position above a temperature of 260 ° C., in particular to allow possible peeling of the outer layer from the inner layer To prevent layer.

Against this background, the object of the present invention is to provide a protective device for the protection of a person from adverse external influences, in particular from the effects of heat, which at least partially overcome the problems and difficulties known from the prior art. In particular, the protection device should allow for the longest possible survival of a person in it and in this case have a low weight and a small pack size in order to be able to be worn by the person over a longer period of time. In addition, integration of additional functional elements without hindering the protective effect of the protective device would be desirable.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION This object is achieved by a protective device having the features of the independent patent claims. Advantageous embodiments can be found in the dependent claims.

In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a protective device for protecting a person, in particular of exactly one person, from the effects of heat, in particular a heat effect, in particular in the area of fire, Disaster and explosion protection can occur. In this case, in particular due to an intense heat radiation of 100 kW / m ² to 200 kW / m ² , temperatures in the range of 100 ° C to 300 ° C occur, which can survive the person without protection only a few seconds or minutes. The protective device is in this case designed in particular such that the person when retreating into the protection largely unharmed survival in such, the health and / or survival of the person endangering environment over a longer period of about 15 minutes to 120 minutes, in particular of 15 minutes to 30 minutes with high probability can secure.

The protective device presented here comprises a protective cover which can be closed on all sides and which is designed to receive the person in a volume which can be formed by the protective cover. The volume which can be formed by the protective cover is designed here in such a way that it is suitable for accommodating a person, preferably a person. In this case, the protective cover can preferably be designed such that a distance between the person in the volume and the person surrounding possibly hot protective cover can form, wherein the distance is preferably selected so that thereby the required for receiving the person volume and thus Also, the space required for the protective cover can be kept as low as possible.

Such a configuration can be achieved, in particular, by virtue of the fact that the protective cover has mechanically stiffening elements which can ensure that the distance between the person and the surrounding protective cover can be optimally adjusted and remain largely in this setting. In an alternative embodiment, at least partially a layer of a filling material with low thermal conductivity, preferably a nonwoven, may be applied to an inner surface of the protective cover, which rests against the volume provided for receiving the person. The position of the filling material, preferably of the nonwoven fabric, can thus be advantageously used to adjust and maintain the distance between the person and the possibly possibly protective cover surrounding it to the best possible value.

In order to achieve the most comprehensive lockability of the protective cover from the environment endangering the person, the protective cover can preferably be configured in one piece, wherein the protective cover in this embodiment can be formed Completely surrounds volume for receiving the person. As a result, a protective effect of the protective device can develop independently of a direction of the heat source. In an alternative embodiment, the protective cover can be designed in two parts or in several parts and therefore have at least two separate parts, in particular exactly two separate parts, wherein the separate parts are firmly but detachably connectable to each other. In this case, the separate parts are designed such that they together completely surround the formable volume for receiving the person. This type of configuration may be particularly advantageous in order to achieve a reduction of the total weight of the protective device by a suitable selection of materials for each of the separate parts.

The protective device has at least one upper side and one lower side, which is arranged opposite the upper side. Here, at least the underside is to rest on a base, in particular on a floor, such as a natural floor or an artificially produced soil, such as a concrete floor, is set up. In principle, however, any surface above a certain size can serve as a support for the support of the protective device. In the case of the above-described one-piece design of the protective cover, however, both the top and the bottom can have this property, while in the case of the two-part design of the protective cover, a separate part of the protective cover can form the underside of the protective device designed as a support surface. In addition, the protective device may have one or more further separate parts, in particular laterally introduced between the top and the bottom side panels. This may be a single, side part, which is arranged continuously between the top and the bottom of the protective device, or at least two separate side parts, which are respectively inserted at selected locations of the protective device, in particular between the top and the bottom. In this case, however, care must be taken in comparison with the one-piece or the two-part design that the protective effect of the protective device is not reduced by additional, required between the separate parts compounds, which may possibly serve as thermal bridges.

The present protective cover has a layer structure at least on the upper side of the protective device, wherein, as explained in more detail below, the lower side and / or optionally present side parts deviate in the same or in one of them Layer structure can be configured. According to the invention, the layered structure of the protective cover comprises an outer layer, a middle layer adjacent to the outer layer, and an inner layer adjacent to the middle layer and adjacent thereto, the inner layer forming, directly or indirectly, the surface of the volume which can be formed by the protective cover for receiving the person , In addition, depending on the nature of the embodiment of the protective cover, further layers can be used, it being important to ensure that each additional layer is associated with an increase in the weight of the protective device. As mentioned above, at least a portion of the inner layer may be provided with a layer of a low thermal conductivity material, preferably a nonwoven, which may preferably be employed to provide and / or maintain the distance between the person and the surrounding protective cover. Other types of embodiment are possible.

The outer layer of the protective cover comprises a non-flammable material, which also has the property of being able to reflect the highest possible proportion of heat radiation which acts on the protective device. In a particularly preferred embodiment, this is a metal-laminated carrier fabric, in particular a laminated with a glass fiber carrier fabric metal foil, preferably an aluminum foil, gold foil or copper foil, which preferably in a thickness of 10 μηη to 50 μηη, preferably 20 μηη to 25 μηη present , The term "lamination" refers to bonding of adjoining layers, in particular of different materials, by means of at least one laminating agent, for which preferably an adhesive is suitable, in particular a more flexible in the temperature range from 250 ° C. to 300 ° C., by occurrence of a ceramic-forming effect 1500 ° C to 2000 ° C temperature-resistant silicone adhesive While the metal foil due to their high electrical conductivity for a high shielding of the outer protective cover against the incident heat radiation can provide the carrier fabric due to its low thermal conductivity mainly serve to transport the in The outer layer of existing heat in the other layers of the protective cover and thus ultimately in the volume for receiving the person in the interior of the protective device at least slowing down.Also, the carrier fabric can be used to the metal foil a höh To give mechanical stability.

The middle layer of the protective cover comprises a solid insulating layer, which has at least two insulating mat structures, each separated from each other by a metal foil. In addition, the solid insulating layer of the middle layer the protective cover have a web having a loop structure or a non-combustible layer material having hollow chambers.

Thus, the insulating layer has at least two insulating mat structures separated by a separating layer in the form of a metal foil. In particular, three insulating mat structures may be present in each case, which may each be separated from one another by an aluminum foil, gold foil or copper foil which may have a thickness of from 10 μm to 50 μm, preferably from 20 μm to 25 μm. By means of the metal foil used as a separating layer, the thermal conductivity of the protective casing can be further reduced.

In a further preferred embodiment, the insulation layer may further comprise a non-woven, which may have a loop structure. Particularly suitable for this purpose are temperature-resistant, effect-textured glass yarns, which can preferably be provided with regular loops, which ensure that the insulating layer has a certain elasticity.

In a further preferred embodiment, the insulation layer may further comprise a non-combustible layer material having hollow chambers. For this purpose, it is possible in particular to use a layer material which has monofilaments, which may preferably be arranged flat and in a spiral shape and / or in the form of a three-dimensional mesh within the layer material.

With respect to the other metal-laminated carrier fabric, reference is made to the above description and to the exemplary embodiments.

The inner layer of the protective cover comprises a material which is designed to prevent the person from burning, in particular because the inner layer directly or indirectly adjoins the formable volume for receiving the person. In a preferred embodiment, the inner layer may comprise a metal-laminated plastic fabric for this purpose. In this case, the metal-laminated synthetic fabric may in particular have a metallized plastic film which is applied by means of an adhesive layer to a carrier fabric provided therefor. As a metallized plastic film is preferably an aluminumized polyester film, which by means of a Hot melt adhesive can be applied to a temperature-resistant fiber carrier fabric. However, further embodiments of the inner layer of the protective cover are possible.

The designed to rest on a base underside of the protective device may be performed in a particular embodiment in the same or similar manner as the top of the protective device. In particular, the underside may also have the top layer structure comprising the outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer which directly or indirectly adjoins the imageable volume for receiving the person. However, this type of embodiment can be embodied such that heat dissipation from the body of the person through the underside to the base is generally insufficiently supported.

Therefore, in a particularly preferred embodiment, the underside of the protective cover may in particular be adapted to carry out the most effective heat dissipation from the body of the person through the underside to the pad in order to keep the body temperature of the person as low as possible. This beneficial effect can be further assisted by the person in the educable volume wearing no protective clothing, but only flame-resistant underwear or unclothed. In this particularly preferred embodiment, therefore, the underside can only have a plastic fabric, in particular a polyester fabric, which, in particular in comparison with the above-described layer structure of the upper side, can also have a lower weight. As a result, however, the underside of the protective cover is designed such that it should as far as possible not be exposed to heat. Therefore, this embodiment can be particularly suitable for use with trained personnel, which is able to align the lower part accordingly, so that the underside touches as possible on all sides only the pad and the heat can therefore act on only the top. In an alternative, likewise preferred embodiment, the underside can have a layer structure which can correspond only to the outer layer of the layer structure of the top and thus in addition to the heat dissipation additionally allows a seal against smoke, a reflection of heat radiation and resistance to direct flame. This type of configuration, preferably by using a metal-clad carrier fabric, may be particularly suitable for persons who are not particularly in the use of the present protective device are formed, as they can provide protection even if the bottom is temporarily subjected to the effect of heat. Possibly existing side parts of the protective cover can preferably also be carried out in the form of this layer structure, since it is also to be expected here with a second exposure to the effect of heat.

In order for the person, despite the all-round closeability of the protective cover shown here, to nevertheless reach the volume which can be formed by the protective cover and / or to move out of the volume, the protective device can have at least one closable opening inserted in the protective cover. In this case, the opening can be set up to receive and / or remove the person into the volume which can be formed by the protective cover. In particular, at least one zipper inserted in the protective cover and / or at least one closure flap formed by a shape of the protective cover are suitable as the opening. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the protective cover can have at least one closure flap, wherein the term "closure flap" or "cover flap", which is known, for example, from the field of backpacks, both by an overlap of ends and / or connected parts of the protective cover can form at least one open state and at least one closable state. A material overlap that can be achieved thereby can thus lead both to the easy-to-reach all-round closeability as well as to a possibility of entry and / or leaving the protective cover by the person. An introduction of a closure flap can, with only a slight possibility of incorrect operation, thus offer a simple, fast, smoke-tight and temperature-insensitive closure and / or closure option. As long as the closure flap, especially due to the environmental conditions, can still remain open, the at least partially opened flap can be used to observe the environment of the protective device, the person, except for her head, can be largely protected by the protection device. Alternatively, one or more zippers may be incorporated in the protective cover. Regardless of the type of execution, it is particularly advantageous if the opening in the bottom of the protective device or, alternatively, in a located between the top and the bottom side part of the protective device is introduced. Particularly preferred locations for introducing the opening are a substantially central position in the region of a coupling between the upper side and the lower side of the protective device or a layer in the region of abutting edges, preferably by means of at least a seam at least two ends of a flat executed protective cover can be firmly connected to each other.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the protective cover, in particular, unlike L. Andersen, s.o., at least on the upper side of the protective device designed seamless. For this purpose, the protective cover on the upper side may preferably be designed as continuous as possible in the form of a single surface. This seamless design of the top of the guard can advantageously cause seams, which may act as thermal bridges in the protective cover and thus reduce the protective effect of the protective device are avoided as completely as possible. However, the devices for breathing air supply and / or radio communication described below can be excluded from the freedom from the seam.

In a particular embodiment, the protective cover which can be closed on all sides, which, in particular due to the action of the metal foil located in the outer layer of the protective sheath, constitutes a Faraday cage, can be provided with an insulated, sealed breakthrough, which is preferably designed in the form of a slot penetrating the protective sheath can. The breakthrough here is particularly adapted to be able to lead a short or long antenna of a radio to the outside, in order to allow in this way a radio communication with the outside world. In particular, the breakthrough may be introduced into the closure flap of the protective device. The dimensions of the breakthrough are chosen in such a way that the presence of the breakthrough can affect the maximum possible lockability of the protective cover of the person hazardous environment at most insignificant.

In a further embodiment, the protective device may have at least one type of supply of breathing air. For this purpose, the person can take a respirator, a circulatory device and / or a mouth cartridge in the formable volume. Alternatively or additionally, the protective device may be designed so that it already has a cartridge for breathing air supply, which may be attached, for example, to an accessible surface of the inner layer. In a further preferred embodiment, a carbon filter, preferably an activated carbon filter, in the protective cover, in particular in the closure flap, be introduced to allow the supply of the breathing air. In this case, a mouthpiece for receiving the breathing air can be additionally attached to the carbon filter. In a further aspect, the present invention relates to a portable protection device comprising a protection device described herein. Here, the protective device is introduced in folded, reamed, compressed and / or rolled form in an outer packaging, wherein the outer packaging is configured such that the protective device by a person is portable, for example as a backpack or attached to a belt located on the person , In the outer packaging may preferably be a stable plastic fabric, but with the lowest possible weight. In particular, in order to facilitate the simplest possible opening of the portable protective device, the outer packaging may in this case be provided with opening tabs, wherein the opening tabs are configured such that the protective device can be removed from the outer packaging by actuating the opening tabs.

In a particular embodiment, in particular on the surface of the inner layer of the protective cover, preferably in the footwell of the protective cover, markings may be attached, which are adapted to that the protective cover can be removed in a positioning of the person on the markings of the outer packaging. For example, by introducing a color and / or shape-based user guidance introduced in the footwell, the person can be instructed to stand on the markings, whereby the effect can be achieved that the person then pulls up the protective device on all sides of the body and via a fastening mechanism can attach to the shoulders. In this way, a readiness of the protective device from opening the outer packaging to the closure of the protective cover can be made possible within at least 1 minute.

Advantages of the invention

The present protective device has a number of advantages. By using different materials, an emergency sealable, against flue gases, product mist and liquids, flying around explosions splinters and parts largely abschottbare, bivouac-like protection device is created. By means of components integrated in the protective cover, the environmental conditions can be observed and / or monitored, vital elements, in particular water and / or air, can be supplied to the body and it can be communicated with the outside world. The present protective device is basically set up for a single person. It is suitable for use in a backpack or on a belt. In a particular embodiment for emergency personnel, the formable volume of the protective cover has a high temperature and can therefore only be used with protective clothing and / or protective equipment. In an alternative embodiment for persons to be rescued, the educable volume of the protective cover has a low temperature and can therefore be touched by the person to be rescued on the inside, even when exposed to heat. The protector, unless previously damaged or exposed to direct flame, is reusable and has low weight and volume.

The present protection device allows a longer survival of the person in the formable volume of the protective cover. In addition, a spatial distance can be established and maintained between the person and the typically hot inner side of the protective cover. By a small pack size, the protective device is easily and permanently portable as a protective device. Integrated functional elements, in particular respiratory air filter and / or reservoir, communication means and / or observation means offer further advantages over the prior art. Brief description of the figures

Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the figures and will be explained in more detail in the following description without limiting the generality. Hereby show:

1A and 1B show a schematic sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a protective device according to the invention for protecting a person from the effects of heat (FIG. 1A) and a preferred layer structure of a protective cover of the protective device (FIG. 1B);

FIGS. 2A to 2D show two further exemplary embodiments of the protective device in a two-part design (FIG. 2A) or in a three-part design (FIG. 2B) and two preferred embodiments for the embodiment of the underside of the protective cover (FIGS. 2C and 2D); and FIGS. 3A to 3D show two exemplary embodiments of closable openings in the protective device: a closure flap formed by a shape of the protective cover in plan view (FIG. 3A) or in cross section (FIG. 3B) and in the form of a zipper inserted into the protective cover (FIGS. 3C and 3D ).

Embodiments of the invention

FIG. 1A shows schematically, not to scale, a perspective section through an exemplary embodiment of a protective device 10 according to the invention for protecting a person from the effect of heat 1 12. In the case of heat 1 12, thermal radiation of 100-200 kW / m ^{2 is} assumed here. which can effect temperatures in a range of 100-300 ° C. In contrast to the design of the protective device 1 10, the heat output of a human in the presence of a resting pulse and the limit temperature of humans at a body temperature of 43 ° C can be used as the basis. In particular, a so-called "worst-case scenario" can result, in which the limit temperature can be reached after about 15 minutes, while in a so-called "mid-case scenario" the reaching of the limit temperature after 30 minutes is to be expected, the mid-case scenario concerns a substantial part of the expected deployment scenarios for the protection device 10.

While the embodiment of the protective device 1 10 in Figure 1A shows a preferred one-piece design 1 14, in Figure 2A, a particularly preferred two-part design 1 16 and in Figure 2B, a three-part design 1 18 are shown. According to the present invention, the protective device 10 has a protective cover 120 which can be closed on all sides and whose dimensions are preferably selected such that they are set up to accommodate exactly one person. For this purpose, the protective cover 120 is configured so deformable that it can form a volume 122 by a deformation, the shape and size of which is suitable for receiving exactly one person. As explained in L. Andersen, in this way, the maximum usual size of emergency services in the area of fire, disaster and explosion protection can be assumed. To determine the required volume can also be taken into account that the person, as explained in more detail below, in the protective cover 120 advantageously no protective clothing, but should enter the protective cover as possible only in undressed condition or at most in flameproof underwear. Thus, the protective cover 120 in spread out form may preferably have the following dimensions:

- Length: 200-250 cm, preferably 220-225 cm;

Width: 100-150 cm, preferably 120-125 cm, in the area intended to receive the head and the trunk, but only 50-100 cm, preferably of BOSO cm, in the area provided for receiving the lower limbs (footwell );

Height: 50-100 cm, preferably 60-75 cm; and

- circumference: 80-125 cm, preferably 100-1 10 cm,

whereby a value of 2-2.5 m ² and the volume of the protective cover 120 can result in a value of 2500-5000 cm ³ in an uncompressed state for the surface of the protective cover, the volume being reduced to a value by vacuuming the protective cover 120 from 100-200 cm ³ . Considering the particularly preferred materials for the protective cover listed below, a weight of 3 - 3.5 kg for the protective cover 120 can be assumed hereby.

In a further embodiment (not shown), the footwell of the protective device may be configured such that, in analogy to a romper suit, it may allow for greater legroom, thereby allowing the person to move slowly from one potentially unsafe place to another To move, probably safer place without having to leave the safety guard. Alternatively, an expression of the footwell can be done in analogy to a pant leg shape, whereby a possible movement of the person can be facilitated. The protective device 1 10 has in each case an upper side 124 and a lower side 126, the lower side 126 of the upper side 124 being arranged opposite one another. In this case, the upper side 124 essentially corresponds to a surface which is set up in such a way that it faces the action of heat 12 and consequently can be subjected to heat radiation, flames and smoke, while the underside 126 is designed such that it rests on a support Pad 128 is suitable. As a support 128 for the support of the protective device 1 10 can be expected in particular with a floor, such as a natural ground in the forest, field or park, or an artificially produced soil, such as a concrete floor. When placing the protective device 1 10 with the bottom 126 on the base 128 thus only the top 124 of the guard 1 10 or a part thereof for an outside viewer visible be, while the bottom 126 can rest as completely as possible on the documents 128.

As further shown in FIG. 1A, the protective sheath 120 in this exemplary embodiment has both at the upper side 124 of the protective device 110 and at the lower side 126 of the protective device 110 via a layer structure 130, which is in the form of three successive layers 132, 134, 136 is configured. Thus, the protective sheath 120 comprises an outer layer 132, a middle layer 134 adjacent to the outer layer 132, and an inner layer 136 adjacent both the middle layer 134 and the formable volume 122. While the outer layer 132 is a non-flammable, Heat radiation reflective material, the middle layer 134 have a solid, heat-insulating material and the inner layer 136 on a material which is designed to prevent combustion of the person. Materials for the layers 132, 134, 136 are shown in the following description of FIG. 1B.

As already mentioned, the protective sleeve 120 is set up such that it can close the volume 122 that can be formed by the protective sleeve 120 on all sides. In the case of the one-piece embodiment 1 14 shown in FIG. 1A, the protective cover 120 can be shaped in use by the person such that the formable volume 122 completely surrounds, wherein the protective cover 120 in the present exemplary embodiments can have a seam 138 which has at least two ends the planar protective cover 120 can firmly connect to each other in a region of a joint edge. As a preferred material for the seam 138, a twist of a temperature-resistant material, in particular of an aramid, which are also called polyaramides or aromatic polyamides, can be used. Aramids include polyamides having amide groups attached to aromatic groups, in particular poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA, trade name: Kevlar, Twaron) and poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMPI, trade name: Nomex, Teijinconex).

In particular, in contrast to the protective device according to L. Andersen, so, has the protective cover 120 according to Figure 1A at the top 124 via no seam, but is designed continuously in shape as possible a single surface. This seamless design of the upper surface 124 of the protective device 1 10 causes in an advantageous manner that seams, which may serve as thermal bridges in the protective cover 120 and thus could reduce the protective effect of the protective device 1 10, largely be avoided. In order for the person, despite the all-round closeability of the protective cover 120 shown here, to nevertheless reach the volume 122 which can be formed by the protective cover 120 and / or move back out of the volume 122, the protective device 110 may have suitable closable openings. Exemplary embodiments of advantageous closable openings, which can be incorporated into the protective cover 120, can be found in FIGS. 3A to 3D.

FIG. 1B schematically shows, likewise not to scale, a cross section through a particularly preferred exemplary embodiment of the layer structure 130 of the protective device 110 according to the invention, which in this preferred embodiment can be used in each case for the upper side 124 of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1A, 2A and 2B is.

As already mentioned, the outer layer 132 of the layer structure 130 has a non-flammable, heat radiation-reflecting material, preferably in the form of a metal-coated carrier fabric. In this particularly preferred exemplary embodiment, the metal-clad carrier fabric has a respective layer of a metal foil 140, a first adhesive layer 142 and a first carrier fabric 144, which are attached to one another. In particular, the following materials can be used:

- Metal foil 140: aluminum foil, thickness 10-50 μηη, preferably 20-25 μηη, areal density 50-75 g / m ² , alternatively, a gold foil or a copper foil are conceivable;

- first adhesive layer 142: silicone adhesive, surface density 10-50 g / m ² , preferably 20-25 g / m ² , flexible to about 250-300 ° C, by occurrence of a ceramic-forming effect temperature resistant to about 1500-2000 ° C; and

first carrier fabric 144: glass fiber carrier fabric, areal density 150-250 g / m ² .

As already mentioned, the middle layer 134 of the layer structure 130 has a solid insulation layer 146 in the form of a solid, heat-insulating material. In the preferred exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1B, the insulating layer 146 has at least two insulating mat structures which are spatially separated from each other by a separating layer (not shown) which is in the form of a metal foil 140 in each case. Particularly preferably, two or three insulating mat structures may be present, in each case by an aluminum foil, gold foil or copper foil, which may have a thickness of 10 μm to 50 μm, preferably 20 μm to 25 μm, in each case separated from one another. By the used as a release layer Metal foil 140 may thus further reduce the thermal conductivity of the protective sheath 120.

However, additional types of solid insulation layers 146 are conceivable, in particular a nonwoven which has a loop structure or a non-combustible layer material having hollow chambers. In particular, temperature-resistant, effect-textured glass yarns which are preferably provided with regular loops which ensure that the insulation layer 146 has a certain elasticity are suitable as the fleece. The surface density of the insulation layer 146 thus executed may hereby assume a value of 500-750 g / m ² , in particular of 600-650 g / m ²

As already mentioned above, the inner layer 136 of the layer structure 130 comprises a material which is designed to prevent combustion of the person, preferably a metal-laminated plastic fabric, in particular in the form of a metallized plastic film 148, which by means of a second adhesive layer 150 to a designated second carrier fabric 152 is applied: For this purpose, preferably the following materials can be used:

metallized plastic film 148: aluminumized polyester film; Area density 5-15 g / m ² ;

second adhesive layer 150: hot melt adhesive, areal density 5-10 g / m ² ; and

second carrier fabric 152: temperature-resistant fiber carrier fabric, areal density 50-100 g / m ² .

Thus, the layer structure 130 of the protective covering 120, without any additional layers, has a total thickness of 10-50 mm, preferably 20-50 mm, an areal density of 250-500 g / m ² , preferably 300-400 g / m ² , exhibit.

In the particularly preferred embodiment according to FIG. 1B, a further layer is provided within the inner layer 136, which comprises a non-combustible layer material 154 having hollow chambers. In this case, as shown in the preferred embodiment according to FIG. 1B, the position of the layer material 154 can be introduced between two layers forming the inner layer, for instance between the second carrier fabric 152 and the second adhesive layer 150 for the metallized plastic film 148. Alternatively or additionally, the layer of the layer material 154 can also adjoin the inner layer 136, adjacent to the formable volume 122, or be arranged between the middle layer 134 and the inner layer 136. Preferably by monofilaments, which are arranged flat and spiral and / or as a three-dimensional network within the layer material 154, a stable formation of an air volume 156 in the protective sheath 120 can be achieved. The air volume 156 on the one hand serve as an additional breathing air reservoir with a capacity of 300-750 liters, preferably of 400-600 liters, and on the other hand as an additional insulating body, which may have a much lower temperature than the second carrier fabric 152. As a result, even a touch of the protective cover 120 by a person in the formable volume 122 with bare skin can lead to burns only with low probability. The layer material 154 may in this case assume a thickness of 100-500 mm and have a low surface density of 5-10 g / m ² . This can result in a surface density of a total of 800-1200 g / m ² , preferably of about 1000 g / m ² , for the protective sheath extended by the layer material 154. In an alternative embodiment (not shown), in which it is possible to dispense with the additional respiratory air storage but to further reduce the thermal conductivity of the protective sheath 120, at least two insulating mat structures can be provided, separated from each other by a separating layer in the form of a metal foil 140 ,

The layer structure 130 configured in accordance with the invention is thus set up in particular for a number of functions, the functions listed below preferably being perceived by at least one of the layers mentioned:

- sealing against smoke (all layers 140 to 154 mentioned above);

Reflection of the thermal radiation (metal foil 140 and second carrier fabric 152);

Resistance to direct flame (metal-clad carrier web comprising the metal foil 140, the first adhesive layer 142 and the first carrier web 144);

Insulation against heat (insulation layer 146 and second support fabric 152);

- Storage of air (layer material 154); and

Prevention of the burning of a person (metallized plastic film 148 and, in particular, layer material 154).

In addition, the protective device 1 10 may have at least one device which is provided to bring the person in the formable volume 122 at a distance from the possibly hot protective cover 120 or to hold it there for as long as possible. In a first embodiment (not shown) stiffening elements may be present for this purpose, which may be so incorporated into the protective sheath 120 and / or attached to the protective sheath 120 that thereby the protective sheath 120 can be maintained in a desired spatial shape. As an alternative or in addition to the above-mentioned layers 140 to 154, a layer of a filling material 158 may be applied on the inside, ie on at least one point of the layer structure 130 facing the formable volume 122, as shown schematically in FIG. 1B. The filling material 158 may in particular be a nonwoven, ie a textile medium of naturally occurring or, preferably, artificially produced fibers which have a low thermal conductivity and thus the heat present in the protective sheath 120 can not readily be formed on the formable material Volume can pass, which can be expected there with a low temperature compared to the prevailing in the inner layer 136 temperature. Instead of the filling material 158, in an alternative embodiment, at least two insulating mat structures (not shown) may be provided, which may be separated from each other by a separating layer in the form of a metal foil 140, whereby the thermal conductivity of the protective casing 120 can be further reduced. The thickness of the filling material 158 may be selected to provide and / or maintain the distance of the person in the formable volume 122 from the protective sheath 120. In one possible embodiment, therefore, the filler 158 may have multiple layers or portions that are removable as needed.

FIG. 2A shows a further exemplary embodiment of the protective device 110 in the particularly preferred two-part embodiment 16. In the two-part embodiment 16 illustrated in FIG. 2A in the form of a cross section, the protective sleeve 120 has two separate parts in the form of an upper part 160 and a lower part 162, wherein the upper part 160 and the lower part 162 are fixedly connected to each other by the seams 138 and are arranged relative to each other so that they together completely surround the formable volume 122. In the particularly preferred embodiment shown here, the upper part 160 forms the upper side 124 of the protective sleeve 120 facing the action of heat 1 and has the layer structure 130 from the three successive layers 132 shown in FIG. 1A, in particular via the FIG. 1B. 134, 136, while the lower part 162 forms the bottom 126 of the protective cover, which is adapted to rest on the base 128. The lower part 162 may in this case have the same layer structure 130 as the upper part 124 or, particularly preferably, be configured in an embodiment according to FIGS. 2C or 2D. FIG. 2B shows, in the form of a cross-section, a further exemplary embodiment of the protective device 110 in the three-part embodiment 1 18. The three-part embodiment 1 18 according to FIG. 2B largely corresponds to the two-part embodiment 1 16 according to FIG. 2A, with the difference that the protective sleeve 120 in FIG three-part embodiment 1 18 in addition to the upper part 160 and the lower part 162 has a further separate part in the form of at least one side part 164. This may be a single, side part 164, which is arranged continuously between the upper part 160 and the lower part 162, or at least two separate side parts 164, which is respectively inserted at selected locations between the upper part 160 and the lower part 162. Here, too, adjoining parts of the protective sleeve 120 are firmly connected to one another by the seams 138 and are assigned to one another in such a way that together they completely surround the formable volume 122. In the case of the three-part embodiment 1 18 is to ensure that the at least one side part 164 is attached to the protective cover 120 that - in contrast to the lower part 164 - as the top 124 also at least partially the heat exposure 1 12 may be exposed and therefore is preferably provided with a corresponding material structure, in particular with the same layer structure 130 as the upper part 160, since a priori is not known whether and at what angle a Flammenbeaufschlagung the protective device 1 10 and thus possibly the at least one side part 164 may occur.

Figures 2C and 2D show two preferred embodiments for the design of the bottom 162 of the protective cover 120. In a first embodiment according to Figure 2C, the bottom 162 has a plastic fabric 166, in particular a polyester fabric. The polyester fabric may in this case 60-100 cm, preferably 80-90 cm, wide, a surface density of areal density of 50-100 g / m ² , preferably from 60 to 75 g / m ² , and have a thickness of 100-200 μηη so that it can assume a mass in the range of only 50-75 g. The underside 162 of the protective sleeve 120 embodied in this way can therefore be designed, in particular, to carry out the most effective heat dissipation from the body of the person through the plastic tissue 166 to the pad 128 so as to keep the body temperature as low as possible. This beneficial effect can be further assisted by the person in the formable volume 122 wearing no protective clothing, but only flame-resistant underwear or ideally is undressed. However, the so executed Bottom 162 of the protective cover 120 designed so that they should not be exposed to exposure to the heat 1 12 as possible. The embodiment according to FIG. 2C can therefore be particularly suitable for use with trained personnel, which is designed such that it aligns the lower part 162 in such a way that the underside 126 touches only the underlay 128 on all sides and is otherwise covered by the upper part 160, so that the heat 1 12 can act on only the top 124.

In a further embodiment according to FIG. 2D, the underside 162 has a layer structure 168, which has the following layers arranged on one another:

Thus, the layer structure 168 of the lower layer 162 corresponds to the outer layer of the layer structure 130 of the upper side 160. Consequently, the thus configured layer structure 168 is set up for a number of functions, which are preferably perceived by the following layers:

- sealing against smoke (all layers 140 to 144 mentioned above);

- Reflection of the heat radiation (metal foil 140);

Resistance to direct flame (layer structure 168 comprising the metal foil 140, the first adhesive layer 142 and the first carrier fabric 144); and

- Heat dissipation, in particular by resting on the substrate 128th

The embodiment according to FIG. 2D can be particularly suitable for persons who are not specially trained in the use of the present protective device 110. In this group of persons, it is to be assumed that the person does not position the underside 126 of the protective device 110 so that the underside 126 touches only the base 128 as far as possible on all sides and is otherwise covered by the upper part 160, and / or falls during their stay in the Protective device 1 10 moves so that the bottom can be at least temporarily acted upon by the effect of heat 1 12. However, in order to allow the person despite the closability of the protective cover 120 to be able to enclose the volume 122 that can be formed by the protective cover 120 and / or to be able to remove again from the formable volume 122, the protective device 110 can preferably have at least one, provided in the protective cover, closable opening 170 have. FIGS. 3A to 3D show two different preferred embodiments for the closable opening 170.

FIGS. 3A and 3B show a closure flap 172 formed by a shape of the protective sleeve 120 in a plan view of the top side 124 of the protective sleeve (FIG. 3A) or in a cross section along the line AA (FIG. 3B) marked in FIG. 3A. In this particularly preferred embodiment, the closure flap 172, which is known for example from the field of backpacks, forms the desired opening 170, in that an overlapping of ends 174 of the protective cover 120 can form both an opened state and a closable state of the protective cover 120. For ease of operation, the ends 174 of the closure flap 172 may be provided with tabs 176. A material overlap achievable in this way can thus contribute both to the all-round closeability of the protective cover 120 and to a possibility of the person entering and / or leaving the protective cover 120. As long as the closure flap 170 can still remain open, depending on the environmental conditions, the at least partially opened closure flap 172 can be used for monitoring the surroundings of the protective device 110, while the protective device 110 can be used for the person, except for her in the vicinity of the closure flap 172 head, can largely protect. Moreover, as shown schematically in FIG. 3A, a respiratory air filter 178 may be introduced at a location in the protective sheath 120, preferably in the region of the closure flap 172. Preferably, the breathing air filter 178 may have a charcoal filter, preferably an activated charcoal filter, which is designed to allow the person to be supplied with breathing air. In addition, a mouthpiece (not shown) for receiving the breathing air by the person can be attached to the breathing air filter 178 here. Alternatively or additionally, the person can take a respiratory protective device, a circulatory device and / or a mouth cartridge into the formable volume 122. Alternatively or additionally, the protective device 1 10 may be configured so that it already has a cartridge for breathing air supply, which may be accessible from the formable volume 122, for example. As further illustrated schematically in FIG. 3A, an insulated, sealed opening 180 may be introduced into a further location in the protective sheath 120, preferably in the region of the closure flap 172. In this case, the opening 180 can be designed, in particular, to carry out an antenna through the protective sleeve 120, which has an effect of a Faraday cage, in particular due to the effect of the metal foil 140 located in the outer layer of the protective sleeve 120. In this way, the person in the formable volume 120 can still receive radio communication with the outside world. The cross-section along the line AA schematically shown in Figure 3B shows the one-piece design 1 14 of the protective device 1 10. However, it is also possible to use the cap 172 in the particularly preferred two-part design 1 16 or in the three-part design 1 18. FIGS. 3C and 3D show a further preferred embodiment of the opening 170, which is embodied here in the form of a zipper 182 introduced into the protective cover 120. Alternatively, a plurality of zippers 180 may be incorporated into the protective cover 120. In this case, it can be particularly advantageous if, as FIG. 3C shows, the zipper 182 is introduced laterally, in particular at a coupling point between the upper side and 124 of the lower side 126 of the protective device 110. Alternatively, the zipper 182 may also be introduced into the underside 126 of the protective device 110. In a particularly preferred embodiment, a cover 184 which can preferably be fastened to the protective cover can be provided, which can be designed and configured to thereby cover a region 186, in which the zipper 182 is located, against the environment.

The present invention further relates to a portable protective device (not shown), in which the protective device 1 10 is introduced in folded, reamed, compressed and / or rolled form in an outer packaging. Preferably, the outer packaging is in this case configured such that the protective device is portable by a person, for example, as a backpack or attached to a belt located on the person. In the outer packaging may preferably be a stable plastic fabric with the least possible weight. In particular, in order to facilitate the simplest possible opening of the portable protective device, the outer packaging can in this case be provided with opening tabs, wherein the opening tabs are set up such that the protective device 1 10 operation of the opening tabs can be removed from the outer packaging.

List of reference numbers

110 protective device

1 12 Heat

1 14 one-piece design

1 16 two-part design

1 18 three-part design

120 protective cover

122 imageable volume

124 top

126 bottom

128 edition (bottom)

130 layer structure

132 outer layer

134 middle layer

136 inner layer

138 seam

140 metal foil

142 first adhesive layer

144 first carrier fabric

146 solid insulation layer

148 metallized plastic film

150 second adhesive layer

152 second carrier fabric

154 layer material

156 air volume

158 filling material

160 shell

162 lower part

164 side panel

166 plastic fabric

168 layer structure 170 opening

172 cap

174 ends

176 tabs

178 breathing air filter

180 breakthrough

182 zipper

184 cover

186 area

Claims

claims

1 . Protective device (1 10) for protecting a person from the effects of heat (1 12), comprising a protective cover (120) which can be closed on all sides and designed to accommodate the person in a volume (122) which can be formed by the protective cover (120), the protective device (10 10 ) has at least one upper side (124) and one lower side (126) arranged opposite the upper side (124), wherein at least the lower side (126) is arranged to rest on a base (128), wherein the protective sheath (120) is at least on the upper side (124) the protective device (1 10) comprises a layer structure (130) comprising at least one outer layer (132), a middle layer (134) adjacent to the outer layer (132) and an intermediate layer (134) and the second layer formable volume (122) adjacent inner layer (136), wherein

the outer layer (132) is a non-flammable, heat radiation reflective material,

- The middle layer (134) has a solid insulating layer (146), which has at least two, each separated by a metal foil, insulating mat structures, and

- The inner layer (136) a designed to prevent combustion of the person material

includes.

2. Protection device (1 10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the solid insulating layer (146) of the middle layer (134) further comprises at least one material which is selected from a group comprising

a nonwoven having a loop structure, and

- A non-combustible layer material provided with hollow chambers.

3. Protection device (1 10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective cover (120) at least on the upper side (124) of the protective device (1 10) is designed without seams.

4. Protection device (1 10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective cover (120) is configured in one piece and the moldable volume (122) completely surrounds or wherein the protective cover (120) at least two separate parts (160, 162, 164) which are interconnected and together completely surround the formable volume (122).

5. Protection device (1 10) according to the preceding claim, wherein a part of the at least two separate parts (160, 162, 164) of the protective cover the underside (126) of the protective device (1 10) is formed, wherein the underside (126) is a plastic fabric or a metal-clad carrier web.

6. Protection device (1 10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one closable opening (170) in the protective cover (120) is introduced, wherein the opening (170) for receiving the person in the by the protective cover (120) ausbildbare volume (122), wherein the opening (170) is provided as a closure flap (172) formed by a shape of the protective cover (120) and / or as a zipper (182) inserted in the protective cover (120), the opening (170 ) in the bottom (126) of the protective device (1 10) or laterally between the top (124) and the bottom (126) of the protective device (1 10) is introduced.

7. Protection device (1 10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer layer (132) has a metal-laminated carrier fabric.

8. Protection device (1 10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the inner layer (136) has a metal-laminated plastic fabric.

9. Protection device (1 10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on the inner layer (136) at least one of the formable volume (122) facing location, a layer of a filling material (158) is applied.

10. Protection device (1 10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective cover (120) further has mechanically stiffening elements.

1 1. Protective device (1 10) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a breathing air filter (178) inserted in the protective cover (120) and designed to supply the person with breathing air and / or an isolated, sealed breakthrough ( 180) adapted to pass an antenna through the protective sheath (120).

12. Protection device (1 10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a set up for receiving lower limbs of the person area in which by the protective cover (120) ausbildbaren volume (122) is configured such that the protective device (1 10) by movement the lower limb of the person is location changeable with respect to the pad (128).

13. A portable protective device, comprising a protective device (1 10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective device (1 10) is introduced in folded, grooved, compressed and / or rolled form in an outer packaging, wherein the outer packaging is configured such that the protective device (1 10) is portable by a person.

14. A portable protective device according to the preceding claim, wherein the outer packaging is provided with opening tabs, wherein the opening tabs are arranged such that the protective device can be removed by actuation of the opening tabs from the outer packaging.

15. A portable protective device according to the preceding claim, wherein on the inner layer of the protective cover (120) in a furnished for receiving lower limbs of the person area such markings are mounted so that when a position of the person on the markings, the protective cover (120) Umverpackung is removable.