WO2018033130A1 - 压缩机电机和压缩机 - Google Patents

压缩机电机和压缩机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018033130A1
WO2018033130A1 PCT/CN2017/097973 CN2017097973W WO2018033130A1 WO 2018033130 A1 WO2018033130 A1 WO 2018033130A1 CN 2017097973 W CN2017097973 W CN 2017097973W WO 2018033130 A1 WO2018033130 A1 WO 2018033130A1
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Prior art keywords
stator
winding
slot
secondary winding
compressor
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PCT/CN2017/097973
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
向东
付清轩
伏拥军
刘银虎
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广东美芝制冷设备有限公司
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Publication of WO2018033130A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018033130A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of motor technology, and more particularly to a compressor motor and a compressor therewith.
  • a compressor motor generally uses a one-pole single-phase asynchronous motor.
  • the ratio of the main winding and the secondary winding of each phase of each pole is 5/4 structure or 4/3 structure, which is different for the main winding.
  • the ratio of the number of turns in the coil is not further defined in detail, and there is no corresponding relationship with the number of slots occupied by the secondary windings, and the degree of mutual matching is poor.
  • the secondary winding will occupy a large number of slots and slot area, which will easily lead to insufficient space occupied by the main winding, and the optimal efficiency cannot be achieved.
  • the optimal energy efficiency there is no reasonable configuration between the main winding and the secondary winding, and good starting performance cannot be achieved.
  • the matching of the main winding and the secondary winding of the compressor motor is poor, which will cause the compressor to start abnormally at low temperature, the starting performance of the compressor is poor, affecting the reliability of the compressor, and the compressor can not be started well. It can also maximize the use of energy and waste energy.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
  • the present invention proposes a compressor motor in which the main winding and the secondary winding have a perfect matching degree, and the starting performance is good, and the optimal efficiency can be achieved.
  • the present invention also proposes a compressor having the above compressor motor.
  • a compressor motor includes: a stator core having a through hole penetrating in an axial direction thereof, the inner ring of the stator core having a circumferentially spaced apart distribution And a stator slot that is electrically connected to the through hole, between the two adjacent stator slots defines a stator tooth; a main winding and a secondary winding, wherein the main winding and the secondary winding are respectively disposed around the stator tooth
  • the diameter of the through hole of the stator core is ⁇
  • the number of the stator slots is n
  • ⁇ and n satisfy: ⁇ ⁇ 50 mm, ⁇ n
  • n (16, 20, 24) ⁇ , ⁇ When >50mm, ⁇ n
  • n (20,24,28,32) ⁇ ;
  • i denotes the i-th stator slot of the n stator slots
  • i is a positive integer less than or equal to n
  • Mi represents the number of turns of the main winding in the i-th slot
  • Mi is a positive integer
  • the compressor motor of the embodiment of the present invention by proportionally defining the proportion of the number of coils of the main winding and the secondary winding in different stator slots, the ratio of the number of turns in each coil of the main winding and the number of slots occupied by the coils in the secondary winding are correspondingly formed.
  • the compressor can achieve better start-up and optimize energy efficiency, that is, when the compressor can meet better starting performance, the secondary winding does not occupy a large number of stator slots and stator slot area, avoiding the occurrence of The main winding occupies insufficient space, so that the efficiency of the compressor can be optimized; when it is necessary to ensure that the compressor achieves the optimal energy efficiency, the ratio of the turns of each of the main winding and the secondary winding is reasonably configured, so that the compressor can be made Achieve better start-up performance, and the compressor can still start normally at low temperatures, ensuring the reliability of the compressor.
  • compressor motor according to the embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
  • the slot area of the i-th stator slot is Si
  • the number of single slots of the main winding is m
  • the theoretical optimal coefficient of the slot area of the i-th stator slot is Ti.
  • the main winding slot area is satisfied:
  • the wire diameter of the main winding in the i-th stator slot is ⁇ i
  • the number of single slots of the main winding is m
  • the wire diameter of the i-th stator slot is theoretically optimal.
  • the coefficient is Ui
  • the main winding wire diameter satisfies:
  • the stator core is formed by stacking a plurality of cold rolled silicon steel sheets.
  • the main winding and the secondary winding are polyamide-imide composite polyester imide enamelled copper wire, aluminum wire, copper clad aluminum wire or polyester enamelled copper wire, aluminum Line, copper clad aluminum wire.
  • a compressor according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes the compressor motor according to the above embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a stator core and main and auxiliary windings of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of a stator core and a main and a secondary winding of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of wiring of main and auxiliary windings of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing main and auxiliary windings of a stator core of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a detailed cross-sectional view of a quarter of the primary and secondary windings of a stator core of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 31 stator core
  • 31a through hole
  • 311 stator teeth
  • 312 stator slots
  • 321 main winding
  • 322 secondary winding
  • the compressor motor 3 according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to FIGS. 1 through 6.
  • a compressor motor 3 As shown in FIG. 1, a compressor motor 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a stator core 31 and a winding 32.
  • the stator core 31 has a through hole 31a penetrating in the axial direction thereof, and the inner ring of the stator core 31 has stator slots 312 spaced apart in the circumferential direction thereof and electrically connected to the through holes 31a, adjacent to the two
  • the stator teeth 311 are defined between the stator slots 312.
  • the main windings 321 and the secondary windings 322 are respectively wound around the stator teeth 311.
  • the diameter of the through holes 31a of the stator core 31 is ⁇
  • the number of the stator slots 312 is n, ⁇ .
  • n satisfy: when ⁇ 50mm, ⁇ n
  • n (16,20,24) ⁇ , when ⁇ >50mm, ⁇ n
  • n (20,24,28,32) ⁇ ;
  • the primary winding 321 satisfies:
  • the primary winding 321 satisfies:
  • the primary winding 321 satisfies:
  • i denotes the i-th stator slot 312 of the n stator slots 312, i is a positive integer equal to or less than n, Mi represents the number of turns of the main winding 321 in the i-th slot, and Mi is a positive integer.
  • the compressor motor 3 is mainly composed of the stator core 31, the main winding 321 and the sub winding 322, wherein the stator core 31 is formed to extend in the vertical direction (up and down direction as shown in Fig. 1).
  • the middle portion of the stator core 31 is provided with a through hole 31a extending in the axial direction thereof and conducting both ends thereof, and a plurality of stator teeth 311 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the through hole 31a, and the adjacent two stator teeth 311 are arranged.
  • the stator slots 312 are defined to be electrically connected to the through holes 31a, and the coils of the main winding 321 and the sub winding 322 are wound around the stator teeth 311, that is, the coils of the main winding 321 and the sub winding 322 are located in the stator slots 312.
  • the diameter ⁇ of the through hole 31a of the stator core 31 has a certain correspondence with the number n of the stator slots 312.
  • the number of the stator slots 312 can be 16, 20, and 24; when the diameter ⁇ of the through hole 31a of the stator core 31 is > 50 mm, the number n of the stator slots 312 can take values of 20, 24, 28, and 32.
  • the number of coils per phase per pole of the secondary winding 322 and the number of turns of the main winding 321 satisfy a certain correspondence relationship, that is, when the number of coils per phase of the secondary winding 322 is 4, the main winding 321 satisfies:
  • the primary winding 321 satisfies:
  • the primary winding 321 satisfies:
  • i denotes the i-th stator slot 312 of the n stator slots 312, i is a positive integer equal to or less than n, Mi represents the number of turns of the main winding 321 in the i-th slot, and Mi is a positive integer.
  • stator slots 312 there are a total of 24 circumferentially spaced stator slots 312, numbered 1st to 24th, respectively, wherein the upper side of the section of the stator core 31 is
  • the through hole 31a is provided with a main winding 321 in the counterclockwise direction from the 23rd stator slot 312 to the 3rd stator slot 312, and the lower 10th to 15th stator slots 312 are also provided with a main winding 321
  • the main winding 321 is disposed at a position opposite to the upper and lower sides (from top to bottom in the drawing).
  • the stator core 31 has a sub-winding 322 in the stator groove 312 on the left side (left-right direction in the drawing) and the stator groove 312 on the right side (left-right direction in the drawing) from the 17th to the 20th.
  • the secondary winding 322 is arranged in a left-right (left-right direction in the drawing) relative position in the drawing.
  • each of the stator slots 312 of the fourth, the ninth, the sixteenth and the twenty-first stator slots 312 is shared by the main winding 321 and the secondary winding 322, and the main winding 321 is provided in the slot of the stator slot 312.
  • the secondary winding 322 is provided on the open side of the stator slot 312.
  • stator slots 312 are disposed, which are respectively labeled as the first to sixth stator slots 312.
  • the number of coils per phase of the secondary winding 322 is 2, and in order to satisfy the good starting characteristics of the motor, the main winding 321 needs to satisfy:
  • the compressor motor 3 defines the proportional relationship between the number of coils of the main winding 321 and the auxiliary winding 322 in the different stator slots 312 in detail, thereby realizing the number of turns in each coil of the main winding 321
  • the ratio is proportional to the number of turns in each coil of the secondary winding 322, so that the compressor 100 can achieve better starting and optimal energy efficiency, that is, when the compressor 100 can satisfy better starting performance.
  • the secondary winding 322 does not occupy a large number of stator slots and the area of the stator slot 312, the phenomenon that the main winding 321 occupies insufficient space is avoided, so that the efficiency of the compressor 100 can be optimized.
  • the main winding 321 and The ratio of the turns of each coil of the secondary winding 322 is reasonably configured, so that the compressor 100 can achieve better starting performance, and the compressor 100 can still start normally at a low temperature, improving the starting capability of the compressor 100, and improving.
  • the energy efficiency of the compressor 100 reduces energy waste and ensures the reliability of the compressor 100.
  • the slot area of the i-th stator slot 312 is Si
  • the theoretical optimal coefficient of the slot area of the i-th stator slot 312 is Ti
  • the number of single slots of the main winding 321 is m
  • the main winding 321 is single.
  • the theoretical optimal coefficient of the groove area is Ti:
  • each slot When the number of coils per phase of the secondary winding 322 is 2 or 1 per phase, each slot
  • each slot The ratio is between 0.5 and 1.5, for example, 0.5, 1, 1.5, etc., that is, the ratio of S2/S1 to T2/T1 of the second stator slot 312, and S3/S1 and T3 of the third stator slot 312.
  • the ratio of /T1, the ratio of S4/S1 to T4/T1 of the fourth stator slot 312 is between 0.5 and 1.5; when the number of coils per phase of the secondary winding 322 is 3, each slot
  • the ratio is between 0.7 and 1.3, for example, 0.7, 0.9, 1.2, etc., that is, the ratio of S2/S1 to T2/T1 of the second stator slot 312, and S3/S1 and T3 of the third stator slot 312.
  • the ratio of /T1 is between 0.7 and 1.3; when the number of coils per phase of the secondary winding 322 is 2 or 1 per phase, each slot The ratio is between 0.8 and 1.2.
  • the second slot S2 and the first slot area S1 are required to be as close as possible.
  • the main slot 321 No. 2 single slot area S2 can be calculated:
  • S2 is set to 50.3 mm 2 .
  • Single primary winding 321, S3 is set to 43.2mm 2; S4 setting is 33.2mm 2.
  • the theoretical optimum coefficient of the number of coils per phase per coil of the secondary winding 322 and the slot area Si and the groove area of each slot of the main winding 321 is Ti and the slot area S1 of the first stator slot 312 and the first stator.
  • the theoretical optimal coefficient of the groove area of the groove 312 is a T1 ratio, and the ratio of the turns of the coils of the main winding 321 and the auxiliary winding 322 is properly configured, and the compressor 100 can achieve better starting performance and optimality at the same time.
  • the energy efficiency significantly reduces the influence of the harmonics of the motor 3, improves the starting torque of the motor 3, improves the efficiency of the motor 3, and greatly improves the starting performance of the compressor 100.
  • the wire diameter of the main winding 321 in the i-th stator slot 312 is ⁇ i
  • the number of single slots of the main winding 321 is m
  • the theoretical optimal coefficient of the wire diameter of the i-th stator slot 312 is Ui
  • the wire diameter of the main winding 321 The theoretical optimal coefficient Ui satisfies:
  • the wire diameter ⁇ i of the main winding 321 in a certain stator slot 312 and the number m of the single slot of the main winding 321 satisfy a certain relationship, for example, when the number of coils per phase of the secondary winding 322 is 4,
  • the ratio of the ratio of the theoretical optimal coefficient U1 of the wire diameter of the groove 312 is between 0.5 and 1.5, and if 0.5, 0.9, 1.2, etc.
  • the number of coils per phase of the secondary winding 322 is 3, the i-th stator slot
  • the ratio of the wire diameter ⁇ i of the main winding 321 in 312 to the wire diameter ⁇ 1 of the main winding 321 in the first stator slot 312 and the theoretical optimal coefficient Ui of the i-th stator slot 312 and the line of the first stator slot 312 The ratio of the ratio of the optimal coefficient U1 of the radial theory is between 0.7 and 1.3, and if 0.8, 0.9, 1.2, etc.
  • the i-th stator slot 312 is The ratio of the wire diameter ⁇ i of the main winding 321 to the wire diameter ⁇ 1 of the main winding 321 in the first stator slot 312 and the theoretical optimal coefficient Ui of the i-th stator slot 312 and the first stator slot 312 Diameter theoretical optimum ratio coefficient ratio U1 is between 0.8 and 1.2, as can be taken 0.8,0.9,1.2 like.
  • the ratio deviation range of the theoretical optimal coefficient U1 of the wire diameter of one stator slot 312 is specifically limited such that the number of coils of the secondary winding 322 and the different stator slots 312 are
  • the ratio of the wire diameter ratio of the main winding 321 has a certain correspondence relationship, so that the number of coils of the secondary winding 322 and the main winding 321 is reasonably configured, the space in the stator slot 312 is fully utilized, the efficiency of the motor 3 is improved, and the compressor 100 is improved.
  • the starting performance ensures the reliability of the use of the compressor 100.
  • the stator core 31 is formed by stacking a plurality of cold rolled silicon steel sheets. Specifically, a plurality of cold-rolled silicon steel sheets are stacked in a vertical direction to form a columnar body extending in the vertical direction, that is, the stator core 31, which ensures the stability of the structure of the stator core 31, and further ensures the reliability of the motor 3. Sexuality provides a guarantee for a good improvement in the starting performance of the compressor 100.
  • the main winding 321 and the secondary winding 322 are polyamide-imide composite polyester imide enamelled copper wire, aluminum wire, copper clad aluminum wire or polyester enamelled copper wire, aluminum Line, copper clad aluminum wire.
  • the coils of the main winding 321 and the secondary winding 322 are made of polyamide-imide composite polyester imide enamelled copper wire, aluminum wire, copper clad aluminum wire, or polyester enamelled copper wire, aluminum wire,
  • the copper clad aluminum wire, the coil of these materials can meet the wire diameter requirement when the number of coils of the secondary winding 322 and the main winding 321 is properly arranged, the reliability of the operation of the motor 3 is ensured, and the starting performance of the compressor 100 is improved.
  • the compressor motor 3 is composed of a stator core 31, a main winding 321 and a secondary winding 322, wherein the stator core 31 is composed of a plurality of cold-rolled silicon steels.
  • the center of the stator core 31 is provided with through holes 31a which are open at both ends, and 24 stator teeth 311 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the through hole 31a, and the adjacent two stator teeth 311 are defined between The stator slot 312, the main winding 321 and the secondary winding 322 are wound around the stator teeth 311, respectively.
  • the diameter ⁇ of the through hole 31a of the stator core 31 and the number n of the stator slots 312 have a certain correspondence relationship, when the stator core 31 is connected.
  • the number n of the stator slots 312 may be 16, 20, and 24, and when the diameter ⁇ of the through hole 31a of the stator core 31 is > 50 mm, the number n of the stator slots 312 may be The values are 20, 24, 28, 32.
  • each slot The ratio is between 0.5 and 1.5.
  • each slot The ratio is between 0.7 and 1.3.
  • the slots are The ratio is between 0.8 and 1.2.
  • the ratio of the wire diameter ⁇ i of the main winding 321 in the i-th stator slot 312 to the wire diameter ⁇ 1 of the main winding 321 in the first stator slot 312 and the i-th The ratio of the theoretical optimal coefficient Ui of the stator slots 312 to the theoretical optimal coefficient U1 of the first stator slot 312 is between 0.5 and 1.5, and the number of coils per phase of the secondary winding 322 is three.
  • the ratio of the wire diameter ⁇ i of the main winding 321 in the i-th stator slot 312 to the wire diameter ⁇ 1 of the main winding 321 in the first stator slot 312 and the theoretical optimal coefficient Ui and the coefficient of the wire diameter of the i-th stator slot 312 The ratio of the ratio of the theoretical optimal coefficient U1 of the one stator slot 312 is between 0.7 and 1.3, and the number of coils per phase of the secondary winding 322 is 2 or 1, the main winding 321 of the i-th stator slot 312
  • the ratio of the wire diameter ⁇ i to the wire diameter ⁇ 1 of the main winding 321 in the first stator slot 312 and the theoretical optimal coefficient Ui of the ith stator slot 312 and the theoretical optimal coefficient of the wire diameter of the first stator slot 312 The ratio of the ratio of U1 is between 0.8 and 1.2.
  • the diameter of the through hole 31a of the stator core 31 and the number of the stator slots 312, the groove area of the stator slot 312, the number of single slots of the main winding 321 , and the wire diameter ⁇ i of the main winding 321 in a certain stator slot 312 are obtained.
  • the detailed relationship between the main winding 321 and the number of the main windings 321 is defined, so that the main winding 321 and the auxiliary winding 322 are properly arranged, the influence of the harmonics of the motor 3 is reduced, and the starting torque of the motor 3 is improved, and the full utilization is utilized.
  • the effective space of the stator slots 312 improves the energy efficiency of the motor 3.
  • the compressor 100 includes the compressor motor 3 described in the above embodiment.
  • the compressor 100 is mainly composed of a casing 1, a crankshaft 2, a motor 3, a main bearing 4, a cylinder 5, a sub-bearing 6, and a piston 7.
  • the casing 1 defines a receiving cavity
  • the crankshaft 2 extends along the axial center line of the casing 1 and passes through the cylinder 5, and the main bearing 4 and the sub-bearing 6 are respectively disposed on both sides of the cylinder 5 and the main bearing 4 and the sub-bearing 6 and the cylinder 5 together define a compression chamber.
  • the motor 3 is arranged on the crankshaft 2 and above the main bearing 4. The motor 3 supplies power to the rotor, thereby causing the piston 7 to reciprocate in the compression chamber.
  • the low temperature and low pressure gas enters the compression chamber from the suction pipe (not shown) of the compressor 100, and the motor 3 supplies power to the rotor (not shown) by converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, and the rotor drives the inside of the cylinder 5.
  • the piston 7 reciprocates, and the compressed gas, which becomes a high temperature and high pressure gas, is discharged from the compressor 100 by an exhaust pipe (not shown).
  • the compressor 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention also has a corresponding technical effect, that is, the compressor 100 has a simple structure, reliable connection of various components, and starting performance. Good, energy efficiency is high, and reliability is high.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” or “second” may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
  • the meaning of "a plurality” is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like shall be understood broadly, and may be either a fixed connection or a detachable connection, unless explicitly stated and defined otherwise. Or in one piece; it may be a mechanical connection, or it may be an electrical connection or a communication with each other; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be an internal connection of two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise expressly defined. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.

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Abstract

一种压缩机电机和具有其的压缩机(100)，包括：定子铁芯(31)，定子铁芯(31)具有沿其轴向贯通的通孔(31a)，定子铁芯(31)的内圈具有沿其周向间隔开分布且与通孔(31a)导通的定子槽(312)，相邻两个定子槽(312)之间限定出定子齿(311)；主绕组(321)和副绕组(322)，主绕组(321)和副绕组(322)分别绕设在定子齿(311)上。

Description

压缩机电机和压缩机 技术领域
本发明涉及电机技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种压缩机电机和具有其的压缩机。
背景技术
相关技术中，压缩机电机一般使用一对极的单相异步电机，通常情况下，每极每相的主绕组、副绕组线圈比例为5/4结构或4/3的结构，对于主绕组不同线圈中匝数的比例没有进一步详细的限定，同时没有与副绕组占用的槽数形成对应关系，相互匹配程度差。如果为了更好地满足压缩机启动性能，副绕组就会占用大量的槽数和槽面积，容易导致主绕组占用空间不足，无法达到最优效率。在考虑满足最优能效时，主绕组和副绕组之间没有合理配置，无法达到较好的启动性能。因此压缩机电机的主绕组和副绕组匹配程度差，会使压缩机在低温下启动异常，压缩机的启动性能较差，影响压缩机的可靠性，无法做到使压缩机较好启动的同时，又能实现能源的最大化利用，浪费能源。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。为此，本发明提出一种压缩机电机，该压缩机电机的主绕组和副绕组匹配程度完善，启动性能较好，可达到最优效率。
本发明还提出一种具有上述压缩机电机的压缩机。
根据本发明第一方面实施例的压缩机电机，包括：定子铁芯，所述定子铁芯具有沿其轴向贯通的通孔，所述定子铁芯的内圈具有沿其周向间隔开分布且与所述通孔导通的定子槽，相邻两个所述定子槽之间限定出定子齿；主绕组和副绕组，所述主绕组和所述副绕组分别绕设在所述定子齿上，所述定子铁芯的通孔的直径为Φ，所述定子槽的个数为n，Φ与n满足：Φ≤50mm时，{n|n＝(16，20,24)}，Φ＞50mm时，{n|n＝(20,24，28,32)}；
当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为4时，所述主绕组满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000001
当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为3时，所述主绕组满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000002
当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为2或1时，所述主绕组满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000003
其中，i表示n个所述定子槽中第i个定子槽，i为小于等于n的正整数，Mi表示第i号槽内主绕组匝数，Mi为正整数。
根据本发明实施例的压缩机电机，通过详细限定不同定子槽内主绕组和副绕组的线圈数量比例，使主绕组各线圈中匝数比例与副绕组各线圈中匝数占用槽数形成对应关系，使得压缩机既可以实现较好的启动，又可以使能效达到最优，即当压缩机可以满足较好的启动性能时，副绕组不会占用大量的定子槽数和定子槽面积，避免出现主绕组占用空间不足的现象，从而使压缩机的效率可以达到最优；当需要保证压缩机达到最优能效时，主绕组和副绕组的各线圈匝数比例得到了合理配置，可以使压缩机实现更好地启动性能，而且压缩机在低温下仍可以正常启动，保证了压缩机的可靠性。
另外，根据本发明实施例的压缩机电机，还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：
根据本发明的一个实施例，第i个所述定子槽的槽面积为Si，所述主绕组单槽个数为m，第i个所述定子槽的槽面积理论最优系数为Ti,所述主绕组槽面积满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000004
其中，当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为4时，各槽
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000005
当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为3时，各槽
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000006
内；
当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为2或1时，各槽
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000007
内。
根据本发明的一个实施例，第i个所述定子槽内所述主绕组的线径为Ψi，所述主绕组单槽个数为m，第i个所述定子槽的线径理论最优系数为Ui,所述主绕组线径满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000008
其中，当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为4时，
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000009
当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为3时，
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000010
当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为2或1时，
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000011
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述定子铁芯由多个冷轧硅钢片叠置而成。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述主绕组和所述副绕组为聚酰胺酰亚胺复合聚酯亚胺漆包铜线、铝线、铜包铝线或聚酯类漆包铜线、铝线、铜包铝线。
根据本发明第二方面实施例的压缩机，包括根据上述实施例所述的压缩机电机。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明实施例的电机定子铁芯和主、副绕组结构示意图；
图2是根据本发明实施例的电机定子铁芯和主、副绕组线圈接线断面截面示意图；
图3是根据本发明实施例的电机的主、副绕组线圈接线示意图；
图4是根据本发明实施例的电机定子铁芯的主、副绕组水平截面示意图；
图5是根据本发明实施例的电机定子铁芯的主、副绕组四分之一详细截面视图；
图6是根据本发明实施例的压缩机的结构示意图。
附图标记：
100：压缩机；
1：机壳；
2：曲轴；
3：电机；
31：定子铁芯；31a：通孔；
311：定子齿；312：定子槽；
32：绕组；
321：主绕组；322：副绕组；
4：主轴承；
5：气缸；
6：副轴承；
7：活塞。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
下面首先结合附图1至图6具体描述根据本发明第一方面实施例的压缩机电机3。
如图1所示，根据本发明实施例的压缩机电机3包括定子铁芯31和绕组32。
具体而言，定子铁芯31具有沿其轴向贯通的通孔31a，定子铁芯31的内圈具有沿其周向间隔开分布且与通孔31a导通的定子槽312，相邻两个定子槽312之间限定出定子齿311，主绕组321和副绕组322分别绕设在定子齿311上，定子铁芯31的通孔31a的直径为Φ，定子槽312的个数为n，Φ与n满足：Φ≤50mm时，{n|n＝(16，20,24)}，Φ＞50mm时，{n|n＝(20,24，28,32)}；
当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为4时，主绕组321满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000012
当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为3时，主绕组321满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000013
当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为2或1时，主绕组321满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000014
其中，i表示n个定子槽312中第i个定子槽312，i为小于等于n的正整数，Mi表示第i号槽内主绕组321的匝数，Mi为正整数。
换言之，根据本发明实施例的压缩机电机3主要由定子铁芯31、主绕组321和副绕组322组成，其中，定子铁芯31形成沿竖直方向(如图1所示的上下方向)延伸的柱状，定子铁芯31的中部设有沿其轴向延伸且两端导通的通孔31a，在通孔31a的周向间隔布置有多个定子齿311，相邻两个定子齿311之间限定出与通孔31a导通的定子槽312，主绕组321和副绕组322的线圈分别缠绕在定子齿311上，即主绕组321和副绕组322的线圈位于定子槽312内。
进一步地，定子铁芯31的通孔31a的直径Φ大小和定子槽312个数n具有一定的对应关系，当定子铁芯31的通孔31a的直径Φ≤50mm时，定子槽312的个数n可取的值为16、20、24；当定子铁芯31的通孔31a的直径Φ＞50mm时，定子槽312的个数n可取得值为20、24、28、32。
此外，副绕组322每极每相线圈数与主绕组321的匝数之间满足一定的对应关系，即当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为4时，主绕组321满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000015
当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为3时，主绕组321满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000016
当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为2或1时，主绕组321满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000017
其中，i表示n个定子槽312中第i个定子槽312，i为小于等于n的正整数，Mi表示第i号槽内主绕组321的匝数，Mi为正整数。
参照图4可以看出，在通孔31a的逆时针方向上，周向间隔布置的定子槽312共有24个，分别编号为第1至第24号，其中，在定子铁芯31断面的上方沿着通孔31a逆时针方向从第23号定子槽312至第3号定子槽312内设有主绕组321，与其相对的下方第10号至第15号定子槽312也设有主绕组321，即主绕组321设在上下(图中从上至下)相对的位置。定子铁芯31断面左方(图中左右方向)第5号至第8号定子槽312和右方(图中左右方向)第17号至第20号定子槽312内设有副绕组322，即副绕组322布置在图中左右(图中左右方向)相对位置。另外，断面上第4号、第9号、第16号和第21号定子槽312中每个定子槽312都被主绕组321和副绕组322共同占有，主绕组321设在定子槽312的槽底侧，副绕组322设在定子槽312敞开端口侧。
如图5所示，还需要说明的是，在主绕组321和副绕组322的四分之一截面上，布置有6个定子槽312，分别标记为第1至第6号定子槽312。本发明实施例中，副绕组322每极每相线圈数为2,为了满足此电机良好的启动特性，主绕组321需要满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000018
经过进一步设计计算，主绕组321可按如下线圈匝数设计为：M1＝54；M2＝50；M3＝44；M4＝32；M5＝16。按上述公式计算得：k＝0.049，满足k＜0.05，符合设计要求。
由此，根据本发明实施例的压缩机电机3，通过对不同定子槽312内的主绕组321和副绕组322的线圈数量比例关系进行了详细限定，实现了将主绕组321各线圈中匝数比例与副绕组322各线圈中的匝数占用槽数形成对应关系，使得压缩机100既可以实现较好的启动，又可以使能效达到最优，即当压缩机100可以满足较好的启动性能时，副绕组322不会占用大量的定子槽数和定子槽312面积，避免出现主绕组321占用空间不足的现象，从而使压缩机100的效率可以达到最优。另外，当需要保证压缩机100达到最优能效时，主绕组321和 副绕组322的各线圈的匝数比例得到了合理配置，可以使压缩机100实现更好地启动性能，而且压缩机100在低温下仍可以正常启动，提高了压缩机100的启动能力，改善了压缩机100的能效，减少了能源浪费，保证了压缩机100的可靠性。
根据本发明的一个实施例，第i个定子槽312的槽面积为Si，第i个定子槽312的槽面积理论最优系数为Ti,主绕组321单槽个数为m，主绕组321单槽面积理论最优系数为Ti满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000019
其中，当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为4时，各槽
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000020
当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为3时，各槽
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000021
当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为2或1时，各槽
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000022
也就是说，定子槽312的槽面积理论最优系数满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000023
具体地，当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为4时，各槽
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000024
的比值在0.5至1.5之间，例如，可以是0.5、1、1.5等，即第2号定子槽312的S2/S1与T2/T1的比值、第3号定子槽312的S3/S1与T3/T1的比值、第4号定子槽312的S4/S1与T4/T1的比值均在0.5至1.5之间；当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为3时，各槽
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000025
的比值在0.7至1.3之间，例如，可以取0.7、0.9、1.2等，即第2号定子槽312的S2/S1与T2/T1的比值、第3号定子槽312的S3/S1与T3/T1的比值均在0.7至1.3之间；当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为2或1时，各槽
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000026
的比值在0.8至1.2之间，如按方案主绕组321第1号槽的槽面积S1初始设定值为S1＝54mm2，第2号单槽S2与第1号槽槽面积S1要求尽量接近，取：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000027
主绕组321第2号单槽槽面积S2可计算得到：
S2＝S1╳(0.9319±20％)＝S1╳(0.74552～1.11828)≈40.3-60.4mm2，最优值为50.3mm2。 本实施例中，S2设定为50.3mm2。同理主绕组321单槽，S3设定值为43.2mm2；S4设定值为33.2mm2。
由此可以看出，副绕组322每极每相线圈数与主绕组321各槽的槽面积Si及槽面积理论最优系数为Ti与第一个定子槽312的槽面积S1及第一个定子槽312的槽面积理论最优系数为T1比值形成对应关系，主绕组321和副绕组322的各线圈的匝数比例得到了合理配置，压缩机100可以同时实现较好的启动性能和达到最优的能效，明显减少了电机3谐波的影响，使电机3的启动转矩得到改善，提高了电机3的效率，很大程度上改善了压缩机100的启动性能。
进一步地，第i个定子槽312内主绕组321的线径为Ψi，主绕组321单槽个数为m，第i个定子槽312的线径理论最优系数为Ui,主绕组321线径理论最优系数Ui满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000028
其中，当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为4时，
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000029
当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为3时，
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000030
当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为2或1时，
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000031
换句话说，某个定子槽312内的主绕组321的线径Ψi与主绕组321单槽个数m之间满足一定的关系，如副绕组322的每极每相线圈数为4时，第i个定子槽312内主绕组321的线径Ψi与第1个定子槽312内主绕组321的线径Ψ1的比值和第i个定子槽312的线径理论最优系数Ui与第1个定子槽312的线径理论最优系数U1的比值的比例在0.5至1.5之间，如可以取0.5、0.9、1.2等，副绕组322的每极每相线圈数为3时，第i个定子槽312内主绕组321的线径Ψi与第1个定子槽312内主绕组321的线径Ψ1的比值和第i个定子槽312的线径理论最优系数Ui与第1个定子槽312的线径理论最优系数U1的比值的比例在0.7至1.3之间，如可以取0.8、0.9、1.2等，副绕组322的每极每相线圈数为2或1时，第i个定子槽312内主绕组321的线径Ψi与第1个定子槽312内主绕组321的线径Ψ1的比值和第i个定子槽312的线径理论最优系数Ui与第1个定子槽312的线径理论最优系数U1的比值的比例在0.8至1.2之间，如可以取0.8、0.9、1.2等。
对副绕组322的每极每相线圈数和第i个定子槽312与第一个定子槽312内主绕组321的线径比值和第i个定子槽312的线径理论最优系数Ui与第1个定子槽312的线径理论最优系数U1的比值偏差范围进行了具体限定，使得副绕组322的线圈数与不同定子槽312内 主绕组321线径比值具有一定的对应关系，使副绕组322和主绕组321的线圈数得到了合理配置，充分利用了定子槽312内的空间，改善了电机3的效率，提高了压缩机100的启动性能，保证了压缩机100的使用可靠性。
可选地，定子铁芯31由多个冷轧硅钢片叠置而成。具体地，多个冷轧硅钢片沿竖直方向叠加设置形成沿竖直方向延伸的柱状体，即定子铁芯31，保证了定子铁芯31的结构的稳定性，进一步保障了电机3的可靠性，为压缩机100的启动性能的良好改善提供保障。
在本发明的一些具体实施方式中，主绕组321和副绕组322为聚酰胺酰亚胺复合聚酯亚胺漆包铜线、铝线、铜包铝线或聚酯类漆包铜线、铝线、铜包铝线。
有利地，主绕组321和副绕组322的线圈采用聚酰胺酰亚胺复合聚酯亚胺漆包铜线、铝线、铜包铝线，也可以采用聚酯类漆包铜线、铝线、铜包铝线，这些材质的线圈可以满足副绕组322和主绕组321的线圈数得到了合理配置时的线径要求，保证电机3工作的可靠性，提高压缩机100的启动性能。
下面结合附图1和图5具体描述根据本发明实施例的压缩机电机3的主绕组321、副绕组322的线圈配置。
参照图1、图2和图4可以看出，根据本发明实施例的压缩机电机3由定子铁芯31、主绕组321和副绕组322组成，其中，定子铁芯31由多个冷轧硅钢片叠加布置构成，定子铁芯31的中心设有两端导通的通孔31a，在通孔31a周向位置上间隔布置有24个定子齿311，相邻两个定子齿311之间限定出定子槽312，主绕组321和副绕组322分别缠绕在定子齿311上。
如图2所示，根据本发明实施例的压缩机电机3，首先，定子铁芯31的通孔31a直径Φ大小和定子槽312个数n具有一定的对应关系，当定子铁芯31的通孔31a的直径Φ≤50mm时，定子槽312的个数n可取值有16、20、24，当定子铁芯31的通孔31a的直径Φ＞50mm时，定子槽312的个数n可取值有20、24、28、32。
其次，定子槽312的槽面积与主绕组321单槽个数之间存在一定的对应关系，具体的关系式为：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000032
当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为4时，各槽
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000033
的比值在0.5至1.5之间，当副绕组322每极每相线圈数为3时，各槽
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000034
的比值在0.7至1.3之间，当副绕组322每极 每相线圈数为2或1时，各槽
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000035
的比值在0.8至1.2之间。
再者，某个定子槽312内的主绕组321的线径理论最优系数Ui满足：
Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-000036
例如，副绕组322的每极每相线圈数为4时，第i个定子槽312内主绕组321的线径Ψi与第1个定子槽312内主绕组321的线径Ψ1的比值和第i个定子槽312的线径理论最优系数Ui与第1个定子槽312的线径理论最优系数U1的比值的比例在0.5至1.5之间，副绕组322的每极每相线圈数为3时，第i个定子槽312内主绕组321的线径Ψi与第1个定子槽312内主绕组321的线径Ψ1的比值和第i个定子槽312的线径理论最优系数Ui与第1个定子槽312的线径理论最优系数U1的比值的比例在0.7至1.3之间，副绕组322的每极每相线圈数为2或1时，第i个定子槽312内主绕组321的线径Ψi与第1个定子槽312内主绕组321的线径Ψ1的比值和第i个定子槽312的线径理论最优系数Ui与第1个定子槽312的线径理论最优系数U1的比值的比例在0.8至1.2之间。
由此，通过对定子铁芯31的通孔31a直径与定子槽312个数、定子槽312的槽面积与主绕组321单槽个数、某个定子槽312内的主绕组321的线径Ψi与主绕组321单槽个数m进行详细的对应关系限定，使得主绕组321、副绕组322得到了合理配置，减少了电机3谐波的影响，改善了电机3的启动转矩，充分利用了定子槽312的有效空间，提高了电机3的能效。
下面具体描述根据本发明第二方面实施例的压缩机100的工作过程。
根据本发明实施例的压缩机100包括上述实施例所述的压缩机电机3。参照图6，该压缩机100主要由机壳1、曲轴2、电机3、主轴承4、气缸5、副轴承6、活塞7组成。其中，机壳1限定出容纳腔，曲轴2沿机壳1的轴向中心线延伸且穿过气缸5，主轴承4和副轴承6分别设在气缸5的两侧且主轴承4、副轴承6和气缸5共同限定出压缩腔，电机3设在曲轴2上且位于主轴承4上方，电机3为转子提供动力，从而带动活塞7在压缩腔内做往复运动。
低温低压的气体由压缩机100吸气管(图中未示出)进入压缩腔内，电机3通过将电能转化成机械能，为转子(图中未示出)提供动力，转子带动气缸5内的活塞7做往复运动，压缩气体，变成高温高压的气体由排气管(图中未示出)排出压缩机100外。
由于根据本发明上述实施例的压缩机电机3具有上述技术效果，因此，根据本发明实施例的压缩机100也具有相应的技术效果，即压缩机100的结构简单，各部件连接可靠，启动性能好，能效利用高，使用可靠性高。
根据本发明实施例的压缩机电机3和具有其的压缩机100的其他构成以及操作对于本领域的普通技术人员来说是可知的，在此不再详细描述。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或彼此可通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种压缩机电机，其特征在于，包括：
    定子铁芯，所述定子铁芯具有沿其轴向贯通的通孔，所述定子铁芯的内圈具有沿其周向间隔开分布且与所述通孔导通的定子槽，相邻两个所述定子槽之间限定出定子齿；
    主绕组和副绕组，所述主绕组和所述副绕组分别绕设在所述定子齿上，
    所述定子铁芯的通孔的直径为Φ，所述定子槽的个数为n，Φ与n满足：Φ≤50mm时，{n|n＝(16，20,24)}，Φ＞50mm时，{n|n＝(20,24，28,32)}；
    当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为4时，所述主绕组满足：
    Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-100001
    当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为3时，所述主绕组满足：
    Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-100002
    当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为2或1时，所述主绕组满足：
    Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-100003
    其中，i表示n个所述定子槽中第i个定子槽，i为小于等于n的正整数，Mi表示第i号槽内主绕组匝数，Mi为正整数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的压缩机电机，其特征在于，第i个所述定子槽的槽面积为Si，所述主绕组单槽个数为m，第i个所述定子槽的槽面积理论最优系数为Ti,所述主绕组槽面积满足：
    Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-100004
    其中，当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为4时，各槽
    Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-100005
    当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为3时，各槽
    Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-100006
    当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为2或1时，各槽
    Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-100007
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的压缩机电机，其特征在于，第i个所述定子槽内所述主绕组 的线径为Ψi，所述主绕组单槽个数为m，第i个所述定子槽的线径理论最优系数为Ui,所述主绕组线径满足：
    Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-100008
    其中，当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为4时，
    Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-100009
    当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为3时，
    Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-100010
    当所述副绕组每极每相线圈数为2或1时，
    Figure PCTCN2017097973-appb-100011
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的压缩机电机，其特征在于，所述定子铁芯由多个冷轧硅钢片叠置而成。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的压缩机电机，其特征在于，所述主绕组和所述副绕组为聚酰胺酰亚胺复合聚酯亚胺漆包铜线、铝线、铜包铝线或聚酯类漆包铜线、铝线、铜包铝线。
  6. 一种压缩机，其特征在于，包括权利要1-5中任一项所述的压缩机电机。
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