WO2018032663A1 - 一种灰度彩色电子纸 - Google Patents

一种灰度彩色电子纸 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018032663A1
WO2018032663A1 PCT/CN2016/108989 CN2016108989W WO2018032663A1 WO 2018032663 A1 WO2018032663 A1 WO 2018032663A1 CN 2016108989 W CN2016108989 W CN 2016108989W WO 2018032663 A1 WO2018032663 A1 WO 2018032663A1
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Prior art keywords
color
layer
electronic paper
gradation
grayscale
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PCT/CN2016/108989
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵景罡
张立娜
何志玲
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大连东方科脉电子股份有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201610668228.7A external-priority patent/CN106054426A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201620882825.5U external-priority patent/CN205942173U/zh
Application filed by 大连东方科脉电子股份有限公司 filed Critical 大连东方科脉电子股份有限公司
Priority to US16/325,008 priority Critical patent/US11009761B2/en
Priority to EP16913416.0A priority patent/EP3492967B1/en
Publication of WO2018032663A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018032663A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
    • G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13718—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a change of the texture state of a cholesteric liquid crystal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1677—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/44—Arrangements combining different electro-active layers, e.g. electrochromic, liquid crystal or electroluminescent layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/30—Gray scale

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of electronic paper, and in particular relates to a grayscale color electronic paper.
  • the color mode can be divided into cholesteric liquid crystal, filter type, color particle type and electrowetting type. Divided from the structure, the color mode can be divided into surface color mixing, three-layer superimposed color mixing and three-dimensional color mixing.
  • the main problems with color electronic paper are narrow color gamut, low gray level and high cost.
  • the existing color technology scheme is relatively mature with particle type and cholesteric liquid crystal, but still cannot solve the above three problems at the same time.
  • the disadvantage of the particle type display gray scale is that the repeatability is poor, especially in a single pixel, the number of color particles is increased, and the motion form is sensitive to temperature and waveform changes under the action of an electric field.
  • a grayscale color electronic paper is provided.
  • the invention mainly adopts a two-layer structure to realize display performance of high-order gray scale and wide color gamut, and the electronic paper can realize high-order gray scale display, wider chromatogram range, balanced driving source device and display compared with the prior art.
  • the structure is difficult to manufacture and has a low cost advantage.
  • the wide color gamut and gray scale can meet the high standard display requirements for color reproduction in newspapers and magazines.
  • each pixel structural unit comprises a basic color layer and a grayscale adjustment layer
  • the basic color layer can display two or more colors
  • the display of the grayscale adjustment layer The color is in one-to-one correspondence with the base color layer, and the base color layer and the gray scale adjustment layer have respective driving structures.
  • the basic color layer may display colors such as black, white, red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, and yellow, and the basic color layer may display at least two colors, or white or red, or black or green. Or red Or green, or red or green or blue, or white or cyan or magenta or yellow.
  • each color displayed by the base color layer has a steady state under zero electric field.
  • the steady state under the zero electric field means that when the electric field is zero, each color does not change for a certain period of time, and does not change from a few seconds or even several years.
  • the base color layer is a reflective structure. When displayed in black or white or a certain color, the light reflected through the gray scale layer forms a color.
  • the gradation adjustment layer has a multi-level gradation, and has a stable state under a zero point field in each gradation, and can display a gradation color or a gradation transparent color.
  • the gray scale adjustment layer when the gray scale adjustment layer is designed to have a transparent color of gray level, it can display multi-color gray scale, and the chromatogram is consistent with the basic color layer; when the gray scale adjustment layer is designed into color, it can display more than the basic color.
  • the hue of the layer, while the gray level can be controlled by the drive voltage.
  • the gradation adjustment layer is a transmissive structure.
  • the light passes through the grayscale adjustment layer and is incident on the basic color development layer, and the basic color development layer shields the spectral region of the non-display color.
  • the reflected light of the base color layer enters the gradation adjustment layer again, and the intensity changes again, finally obtaining the desired gradation display.
  • an outer edge of the base color layer is smaller than an outer edge of the gray scale adjustment layer. Depending on the size of the pixel, it is usually 1-20 microns wide.
  • the gradation adjusting layer may be a cholesteric liquid crystal electronic control structural unit, or another transmissive electronic control structural unit, or an electronically controlled structural unit that absorbs primary color light.
  • the basic color layer may be an electrophoretic electronic paper, or other kinds of electronic control units having a reflective function or absorbing primary light, and a transparent reflective mode electronic paper after power-on, such as electrowetting or lateral electrophoresis.
  • electrophoretic electronic paper or other kinds of electronic control units having a reflective function or absorbing primary light
  • a transparent reflective mode electronic paper after power-on such as electrowetting or lateral electrophoresis.
  • non-cholesteric liquid crystal and non-electrophoretic electronic paper modes such as smectic liquid crystal layer, electrochromic, electrowetting, and the like, are also suitable for use in the present invention.
  • the primary color light of the gradation adjustment layer and the primary color light of the base color layer can display a color image of a wider color gamut.
  • Gray scale multi-color electronic paper display principle set the basic color layer to be white or red, and the gray level adjustment layer is set to display gray level transparent color or gray level green.
  • the basic color layer is displayed in white; the grayscale adjustment layer is grayscale transparent; when the red color is displayed, the basic color layer is displayed in red; the grayscale adjustment layer is grayscale transparent color; when the yellow color is displayed, the basic color layer is displayed.
  • red Gray level adjustment layer gray level green state adjust gray level transparent color or gray level green gray level to achieve multi-level steady state gray scale display.
  • Display principle of full-color electronic paper Set the basic color layer to be white or black or red or green, and the grayscale adjustment layer is set to display grayscale transparent color or grayscale blue.
  • the basic color layer is displayed in white, black, red, and green; the grayscale adjustment layer exhibits different transparent states according to the grayscale requirements of various colors; when the blue color is displayed, the basic color is displayed.
  • the layer corresponds to black or white, black corresponds to dark blue, and white corresponds to light blue.
  • the gray adjustment layer and the basic color layer exhibit different blue states; when other colors are displayed, the basic color layer is
  • the color display is required to be either white or black or red or green; the grayscale adjustment layer presents different grayscale transparent colors or grayscale blue colors according to the grayscale requirements of the colors.
  • Grayscale color electronic paper achieves full color display in a wide color gamut through an optimized combination of two layers.
  • the grayscale color electronic paper provided by the invention adopts a two-layer structure to realize high-order grayscale multi-color electronic paper or full-color electronic paper display, and uses the basic color layer and the grayscale adjustment layer to broaden the display gray. Degree level.
  • the complexity of the electronic control component and the box structure such as the driver is balanced, and the driver and the box structure are at an intermediate level with the prior art, and the overall cost of the color electronic paper is generally reduced.
  • the basic color layer and the grayscale adjustment layer provided by the invention can improve the gray scale of the electronic paper while maintaining the range of the color gamut.
  • This structure is superior to the prior art in that it has high-order gray scale and wide color gamut. It provides a low-cost, effective structural support for electronic paper to achieve high-order grayscale and full-color display performance, and is expected to be more widely used.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a pixel of a grayscale color electronic paper according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a pixel of a grayscale multicolor electronic paper according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a pixel of a full-color electronic paper according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • 1 gray scale adjustment layer
  • 2 base color layer
  • 3 first substrate
  • 4 first electrode
  • 6 cholesteric liquid crystal layer
  • 7 second alignment film
  • 8 second electrode
  • 9 second substrate
  • 10 third electrode
  • 11 red electrophoretic particle
  • 12 green electrophoretic particle
  • 13 white electrophoretic particles
  • 14 black electrophoretic particles
  • 15 fourth electrode
  • 16 third substrate.
  • each pixel structure unit includes a base color layer 2 and a gray scale adjustment layer 1, the base color layer 2 can display two or more colors, the gray The display color of the degree adjustment layer 1 corresponds one-to-one with the base color layer 2, and the base color layer 2 and the gradation adjustment layer 1 have respective driving structures.
  • Each of the colors displayed by the base color layer 2 has a steady state under zero electric field.
  • the base color layer 2 is a reflective structure.
  • the gradation adjustment layer 1 has a multi-level gradation, and has a steady state at a zero point field in each gradation, and can display a gradation color or a gradation transparent color.
  • the gradation adjustment layer 1 is a transmissive structure.
  • the outer edge of the base color layer 2 is smaller than the outer edge of the gradation adjustment layer 1.
  • the schematic diagram showing only a single pixel structure unit in this embodiment does not list the entire composition of the gray scale color electronic paper, and the electrophoresis liquid, the spacer material, the sealing portion, the lead electrode and the driving unit are omitted here.
  • Such parts as those well known to those skilled in the art will have no effect on understanding the invention.
  • the overall structure of a single pixel structure unit in the multi-color display grayscale electronic paper includes the first substrate 3, the first electrode 4, the first alignment film 5, and the timid in order from top to bottom.
  • the first substrate 3, the second substrate 9, and the third substrate 16 are all PET transparent substrates having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m; the first electrode 4, the second electrode 8, the third electrode 10, and the fourth electrode
  • the pole 15 uses an ITO transparent electrode and has a thickness of 2000 angstroms.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 6 uses the MDA series two-bottle system MDA-00-1444 and MDA-00-1445 liquid crystal.
  • the grayscale color electronic paper is formed by superposing three layers of substrates, wherein the superposed substrates are electrophoresis liquid, electrophoretic particles and cholesteric liquid crystal layer, and the electrophoretic particles are distributed in the transparent electrophoresis liquid (the electrophoretic particles or The functions are all referred to as electrophoretic particles distributed in the electrophoresis liquid) and are placed between the two electrodes (the third electrode 10 and the fourth electrode 15) attached to the second substrate 9 and the third substrate 16 to constitute the base color layer 2 .
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 6 is disposed between the two alignment films (the first alignment film 5 and the second alignment film 7) on the first substrate 3 and the second substrate 9 to constitute the gradation adjustment layer 1. That is, the gradation adjusting layer 1 is composed of the first electrode 4, the first alignment film 5, the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 6, the second alignment film 7, and the second electrode 8.
  • the base color layer 2 is composed of a third electrode 10, a fourth electrode 15, red electrophoretic particles 11, white electrophoretic particles 13, and black electrophoretic particles 14.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 6 shown in Fig. 2 is in a planar state.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 6 reflects green light in a planar molecular arrangement, and the ratio of the cholesteric liquid crystal is MDA-00-1444 ( 30%) and MDA-00-1445 (70%), the orientation material is SE4811.
  • the base color layer 2 shown in Fig. 2 shows red, and the green color mixture with the gradation adjustment layer 1 forms yellow. In addition to yellow, by applying electric signals of different waveforms, the gradation and hue of the basic color layer 2 and the gradation adjustment layer 1 can be changed to realize monochrome display of green, red, black, white, etc. under different gradations.
  • the basic structure of a single pixel structure unit of the full color display electronic paper provided by this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that the basic color layer 2 contains four kinds of black and white red and green particles (black electrophoresis).
  • the electrophoretic particles of the particles 14, the white electrophoretic particles, the 13 red electrophoretic particles 11, and the green electrophoretic particles 12) can realize the gradation adjusting layer 1 which is displayed in blue.
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal is MDA-00-1445, and the orientation material is SE4811. In this case, each pixel can change the black, white, red, green, and blue colors of different gray levels.
  • the basal color layer 2 is green
  • the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 6 of the gradation regulating layer 1 is in a focal conic state, and still displays green after color mixing, except that the gray level changes.
  • changing the gradation and hue of the base color layer 2 and the gradation adjustment layer 1 enables full-color display at different gradations.
  • the pixel size is less than 0.1 mm x 0.1 mm, and the color mixture of adjacent pixels can be realized, and the full color display of the higher gray level can be realized according to the color mixing rule.

Abstract

一种灰度彩色电子纸，该电子纸的每个像素结构单元包括基础颜色层（2）和灰度调节层（1），所述基础颜色层（2）能显示两种或两种以上颜色，所述灰度调节层（1）的显示颜色和所述基础颜色层（2）一一对应，所述基础颜色层（2）和所述灰度调节层（1）具有各自的驱动结构。所述基础颜色层（2）可以显示黑、白、红、绿、蓝、青、品红和黄等颜色；所述灰度调节层（1）具有多级灰度，且在每级灰度都具有零电场下的稳定状态。该电子纸平衡了驱动源器件和显示结构的制作难度，降低制作成本，能实现稳定的多级灰度显示，且具有良好的色域范围，能适应更多应用领域。

Description

一种灰度彩色电子纸 技术领域
本发明属于电子纸技术领域，尤其涉及一种灰度彩色电子纸。
背景技术
彩色电子纸的技术方案有多种，从材料类型划分，彩色模式可分为胆甾型液晶、滤光片型、彩色粒子型和电润湿型等方案。从结构上划分，彩色模式可分为沿面混色、三层叠加混色和三维混色等等。彩色电子纸存在的主要问题是色域狭窄、灰度级低和成本高。已有的彩色技术方案以粒子型和胆甾型液晶相对成熟，但是仍然无法同时解决上述三个问题。粒子型显示灰度的缺点是重复性差，特别是在单一像素内，彩色粒子种类增多，在电场作用下运动形态对温度、波形变化敏感。胆甾型液晶的三层叠加主要问题是成本高，黑白反射率低。三维混色相对成本最低，但和实际应用要求仍然偏高，限制其在低成本领域的应用。为获得更广泛的应用，发明新的彩色电子纸模式是综合解决色域、灰度和成本问题，是十分必要的。
发明内容
根据上述提出的技术问题，而提供一种灰度彩色电子纸。本发明主要采用双层结构实现高阶灰度和广色域的显示性能，该种电子纸与现有技术相比能够实现高阶灰度显示，更宽的色谱范围，平衡驱动源器件和显示结构的制作难度，具有低成本优势。宽广的色域和灰度，能满足报纸、杂志等对色彩再现的高标准显示要求。
本发明采用的技术手段如下：
一种灰度彩色电子纸，其特征在于，每个像素结构单元包括基础颜色层和灰度调节层，所述基础颜色层能显示两种或两种以上颜色，所述灰度调节层的显示颜色和所述基础颜色层一一对应，所述基础颜色层和所述灰度调节层具有各自的驱动结构。
所述基础颜色层，可以显示黑、白、红、绿、蓝、青、品红和黄等颜色，且所述基础颜色层至少能显示两种颜色，或白或红、或黑或绿、或红 或绿、或红或绿或蓝、或白或青或品红或黄等颜色。
进一步地，所述基础颜色层显示的每种颜色都具有零电场下的稳定状态。所述零电场下的稳定状态是指电场为零时，每种颜色在一定时间内不发生变化，从几秒甚或几年不发生变化。
进一步地，所述基础颜色层是反射型结构。当显示或黑或白或某种颜色时，是反射透过灰度调节层的光线形成颜色。
进一步地，所述灰度调节层具有多级灰度，且在每级灰度都具有零点场下的稳定状态，可显示灰度级的彩色或灰度级的透明色。根据不同的显示需要，灰度调节层设计成具有灰度级的透明色时，能够显示灰度多色，色谱与基础颜色层一致；灰度调节层设计成彩色时，能够显示多于基础颜色层的色调，同时灰度等级可通过驱动电压控制。
进一步地，所述灰度调节层是透射型结构。光线经过灰度调节层，入射到基础显色层，基础显色层屏蔽吸收掉非显示色的光谱区。基础颜色层的反射光再次进入灰度调节层，强度再次发生变化，最终获得所需要的灰度显示。
进一步地，所述基础颜色层的外缘小于所述灰度调节层的外缘。根据像素的大小，通常是1-20微米宽度。
上述的灰度调节层可为胆甾型液晶电控结构单元，或者其它透射型电控结构单元，或者吸收基色光的电控结构单元。
上述的基础颜色层可为电泳型电子纸，也可以是其它种类的具有反射功能或吸收基色光的电控结构单元，加电后透明的反射模式的电子纸，如电润湿型、横向电泳技术和电致变色等模式。
对于其它非胆甾型液晶和非电泳型的电子纸模式，比如近晶相液晶层、电致变色、电润湿等模式也同样适用于本发明。
本发明的灰度调节层，在彩色光谱区，灰度调节层的基色光和基础颜色层的基色光可以显示更广色域的彩色图像。
灰度多色电子纸的显示原理：设定基础颜色层为或白或红，灰度调节层设定为可以显示灰度级透明色或灰度级绿色。显示白色时，基础颜色层显示成白色；灰度调节层灰度级透明色；显示红色时，基础颜色层显示成红色；灰度调节层灰度级透明色；显示黄色时，基础颜色层显示成红色； 灰度调节层灰度级绿色状态；调节灰度级透明色或灰度级绿色的灰阶，实现多级稳定状态灰度显示。
全彩色电子纸的显示原理：设定基础颜色层为或白或黑或红或绿，灰度调节层设定为可以显示灰度级透明色或灰度级蓝色。显示白色、黑色、红色、绿色时，基础颜色层对应显示成白色、黑色、红色、绿色；灰度调节层根据各种颜色的灰度要求，呈现不同的透明状态；显示蓝色时，基础颜色层对应显示成或黑色或白色，黑色对应深蓝，白色对应浅蓝；根据蓝色的灰度要求，灰度调节层结合基础颜色层呈现不同的蓝色状态；显示其它颜色时，基础颜色层按照彩色显示要求或白或黑或红或绿；灰度调节层根据颜色的灰度要求，呈现不同的灰度级透明色或灰度级蓝色。灰度彩色电子纸通过两层的优化组合，在广色域实现全彩色显示。
本发明提供的一种多级灰度彩色电子纸的有益效果如下：
较现有技术相比，本发明提供的灰度彩色电子纸采用双层结构实现高阶灰度的多色电子纸或全彩色电子纸显示，使用基础颜色层和灰度调节层拓宽显示的灰度等级。平衡了驱动器等电控原件和盒结构的复杂程度，驱动器和盒结构与现有技术比都处于中间水平，总体降低彩色电子纸的综合成本。
本发明提供的基础颜色层和灰度调节层，能在保持色域范围不变的情况下，提高电子纸的灰度等级。这种结构和与现有技术比，具有高阶灰度和广色域的特点。为电子纸实现高阶灰度和全彩色显示性能提供了一个低成本、有效的结构支持，期望获得更广泛的应用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图做以简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明一种灰度彩色电子纸的像素结构示意图。
图2是本发明实施例1灰度多色电子纸的像素结构示意图。
图3是本发明实施例2全彩色电子纸的像素结构示意图。
图中；1：灰度调节层；2：基础颜色层；3：第一基板；4：第一电极；5： 第一取向膜；6：胆甾型液晶层；7：第二取向膜；8：第二电极；9：第二基板；10：第三电极；11：红色电泳粒子；12：绿色电泳粒子；13：白色电泳粒子；14：黑色电泳粒子；15：第四电极；16：第三基板。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1所示，一种灰度彩色电子纸，每个像素结构单元包括基础颜色层2和灰度调节层1，所述基础颜色层2能显示两种或两种以上颜色，所述灰度调节层1的显示颜色和所述基础颜色层2一一对应，所述基础颜色层2和所述灰度调节层1具有各自的驱动结构。
所述基础颜色层2显示的每种颜色都具有零电场下的稳定状态。
所述基础颜色层2是反射型结构。
所述灰度调节层1具有多级灰度，且在每级灰度都具有零点场下的稳定状态，可显示灰度级的彩色或灰度级的透明色。
所述灰度调节层1是透射型结构。
所述基础颜色层2的外缘小于所述灰度调节层1的外缘。
实施例1
为突出发明点，本实施例中只给出单个像素结构单元的示意图没有一一列出灰度彩色电子纸的全部组成结构，这里忽略了电泳液、间隔材料、密封部分、引线电极和驱动单元等本领域人员所熟知的部分，这对理解本发明不产生影响。
如图2所示，本实施例提供的多色显示灰度电子纸中单个像素结构单元的总体结构自上而下依次包括第一基板3、第一电极4、第一取向膜5、胆甾型液晶层6、第二取向膜7、第二电极8、第二基板9、第三电极10、红色电泳粒子11、黑色电泳粒子14、白色电泳粒子13、第四电极15和第三基板16，其中，第一基板3、第二基板9和第三基板16均为PET透明基板，厚度为100微米；第一电极4、第二电极8、第三电极10和第四电 极15使用ITO透明电极，厚度为2000埃。胆甾型液晶层6使用MDA系列的双瓶系统MDA-00-1444和MDA-00-1445液晶。所述灰度彩色电子纸由三层基板叠加而成，叠加的基板之间分别是电泳液、电泳粒子和胆甾型液晶层，电泳粒子分布于透明电泳液之中(以下所述电泳粒子或其功能均指分布于电泳液中的电泳粒子)且置于附着在第二基板9和第三基板16上的两电极(第三电极10和第四电极15)之间，构成基础颜色层2。胆甾型液晶层6置于第一基板3、第二基板9上的两取向膜(第一取向膜5和第二取向膜7)之间构成灰度调节层1。即灰度调节层1是由第一电极4、第一取向膜5、胆甾型液晶层6、第二取向膜7、第二电极8组成。基础颜色层2是由第三电极10、第四电极15、红色电泳粒子11、白色电泳粒子13、黑色电泳粒子14组成。
图2中给出的胆甾型液晶层6处于平面态，在本实例中胆甾型液晶层6在平面态分子排列结构下反射绿光，胆甾型液晶的比例为MDA-00-1444(30％)和MDA-00-1445(70％)，取向材料为SE4811。图2中给出的基础颜色层2显示红色，与灰度调节层1的绿色混色形成黄色。除黄色以外，通过施加不同波形的电信号，改变基础颜色层2和灰度调节层1的灰度和色调能实现不同灰度下的绿、红、黑、白等单色显示。
实施例2
如图3所示，本实施例提供的全彩色显示电子纸的单个像素结构单元的基本结构与实施例1的相同，不同之处在于，基础颜色层2含有黑白红绿四种粒子(黑色电泳粒子14、白色电泳粒子、13红色电泳粒子11、绿色电泳粒子12)的电泳粒子，能实现蓝色显示的灰度调节层1。胆甾型液晶为MDA-00-1445，取向材料为SE4811。这种情况下，每个像素可以变化不同灰度的黑白红绿蓝颜色。图3中给出基础颜色层2是绿色、灰度调节层1的胆甾型液晶层6处于焦锥态，混色后仍然显示绿色，只是灰度级发生变化。通过施加不同波形的电信号，改变基础颜色层2和灰度调节层1的灰度和色调能实现不同灰度下的全彩色显示。当缩小每个像素的尺寸，像素尺寸小于0.1mmx0.1mm，可以实现临近像素的混色，按照混色规则实现更高灰度等级的全彩色显示。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非 对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；比如只变换基础颜色层和灰度调节层的颜色种类或数量，增加或减少基板的数目，如使用4层基板，也是本发明容易实现的方式。对于其它非胆甾型液晶和非电泳型的电子纸模式，比如近晶相液晶层、电致变色、电润湿等模式也同样适用于本发明。凡在本发明的更改和变化之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种灰度彩色电子纸，其特征在于，每个像素结构单元包括基础颜色层和灰度调节层，所述基础颜色层能显示两种或两种以上颜色，所述灰度调节层的显示颜色和所述基础颜色层一一对应，所述基础颜色层和所述灰度调节层具有各自的驱动结构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的灰度彩色电子纸，其特征在于，所述基础颜色层显示的每种颜色都具有零电场下的稳定状态。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的灰度彩色电子纸，其特征在于，所述基础颜色层是反射型结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的灰度彩色电子纸，其特征在于，所述灰度调节层具有多级灰度，且在每级灰度都具有零点场下的稳定状态，可显示灰度级的彩色或灰度级的透明色。
  5. 根据权利要求1或4所述的灰度彩色电子纸，其特征在于，所述灰度调节层是透射型结构。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的灰度彩色电子纸，其特征在于，所述基础颜色层的外缘小于所述灰度调节层的外缘。
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