WO2018029743A1 - Composition de résine époxy à deux composants pour matériaux composites renforcés par fibres et matériau composite renforcé par fibres - Google Patents

Composition de résine époxy à deux composants pour matériaux composites renforcés par fibres et matériau composite renforcé par fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018029743A1
WO2018029743A1 PCT/JP2016/073276 JP2016073276W WO2018029743A1 WO 2018029743 A1 WO2018029743 A1 WO 2018029743A1 JP 2016073276 W JP2016073276 W JP 2016073276W WO 2018029743 A1 WO2018029743 A1 WO 2018029743A1
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epoxy resin
fiber
component
resin composition
reinforced composite
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PCT/JP2016/073276
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
岡英樹
富岡伸之
本田史郎
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東レ株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2016/073276 priority Critical patent/WO2018029743A1/fr
Publication of WO2018029743A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018029743A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
    • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
    • C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
    • C08G59/42—Polycarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or low molecular weight esters thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
    • C08J5/241—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres
    • C08J5/243—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres using carbon fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
    • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
    • C08G59/68—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the catalysts used

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a two-pack type epoxy resin composition used for a fiber-reinforced composite material, and a fiber-reinforced composite material using the same.
  • Fiber reinforced composite materials composed of reinforced fibers and matrix resins can be designed using the advantages of reinforced fibers and matrix resins, so the applications are expanded to aerospace, sports and general industrial fields. .
  • the reinforcing fiber glass fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, boron fiber, or the like is used.
  • the matrix resin either a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin is used, but a thermosetting resin that can be easily impregnated into the reinforcing fiber is often used.
  • the thermosetting resin epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, phenol resin, bismaleimide resin, cyanate resin and the like are used.
  • a prepreg method For the production of a fiber reinforced composite material, methods such as a prepreg method, a hand lay-up method, a filament winding method, a pultrusion method, and an RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) method are applied.
  • a prepreg method For the production of a fiber reinforced composite material, methods such as a prepreg method, a hand lay-up method, a filament winding method, a pultrusion method, and an RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) method are applied.
  • RTM Resin Transfer Molding
  • the RTM method capable of dealing with complex shapes using high-rigidity and high-strength carbon fibers as continuous fibers is a promising forming method.
  • a base made of reinforcing fibers is placed in the lower mold and then the upper mold is closed. After the matrix resin is injected from the resin injection port and impregnated into the reinforcing fibers, the resin is cured and the upper mold is opened. Then, a fiber reinforced composite material is obtained by taking out the molded product.
  • productivity is a major issue for the spread of carbon fiber composite materials in automobiles, which becomes a barrier and is only slightly adopted in some luxury cars.
  • the two-pack type epoxy resin composition is a main component liquid containing an epoxy resin as a main component and a hardener solution containing a curing agent as a main component in a state of being stored in separate containers. It is an epoxy resin composition used by mixing two liquids, a liquid and a curing agent liquid.
  • an epoxy resin composition that is handled in a state where all components including a main agent and a curing agent are mixed into one is called a one-pack type epoxy resin composition.
  • a one-pack type epoxy resin composition since the curing reaction proceeds during storage, frozen storage is required.
  • the curing agent is often selected to be a solid with low reactivity, and in order to impregnate the reinforcing fiber with the one-pack type epoxy resin composition, it is not necessary to use a press roll or the like at high pressure. Must not.
  • both the main agent liquid and the curing agent liquid are liquid, and the epoxy resin composition obtained by mixing these main agent liquid and the curing agent liquid is also a low viscosity liquid. Therefore, the reinforcing fiber can be easily impregnated. Further, since the main agent liquid and the curing agent liquid can be stored separately, the storage conditions can be stored for a long time without any particular limitation.
  • the epoxy resin composition after mixing and preparation is stable while suppressing an increase in viscosity for a long period of time when kept at a low temperature of 40 ° C., that is, excellent in viscosity stability at 40 ° C.
  • the epoxy resin composition has a low viscosity during the resin injection step into the reinforcing fiber base, and the increase in viscosity is suppressed during the injection step, so that the impregnation property is excellent.
  • an epoxy resin composition for optical applications (Patent Document 1) having an intermediate temperature fast curability and no metal corrosiveness, combining an acid anhydride with a curing agent and an ammonium organic acid salt with an accelerator,
  • An epoxy resin composition (Patent Document 2) that combines an acid anhydride with a curing agent and a quaternary phosphonium salt with an accelerator to suppress coloring during heat curing (Patent Document 2), non-aromatic acid anhydride curing on an alicyclic epoxy
  • An epoxy resin composition (Patent Document 3) that is excellent in ultraviolet resistance and heat-resistant yellowing is disclosed using an agent, a salt of a quaternary phosphonium cation and an organic sulfonate anion as an accelerator.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 3 were not sufficiently high-speed cured.
  • the material described in Patent Document 4 has a problem that the cured product is colored when it is molded at a high temperature to shorten the curing time.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, to improve the viscosity stability of the epoxy resin composition after mixing and preparation at a low temperature (for example, 40 ° C.), and to maintain a low viscosity when injected into the reinforcing fiber.
  • Two-component epoxy resin composition that provides a fiber-reinforced composite material that has excellent impregnation properties, is cured in a short time during molding, and has high transparency of the cured product and excellent molded product quality, and a fiber-reinforced composite material using the same Is to provide.
  • the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and one embodiment (referred to as the present invention 1) of the two-pack type epoxy resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention comprises the following components [A] to A two-component epoxy resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite materials, which contains component [C], and the content of component [C] is 6 to 25 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of component [A].
  • component [C] is a quaternary ammonium halide.
  • the component [C] is quaternary phosphonium bromide.
  • the component [C] is tetraphenylphosphonium halide.
  • the component [C] is an imidazolium halide.
  • Another embodiment of the two-component epoxy resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention includes the following component [A] and component [B], and 5 minutes after mixing all the components.
  • the viscosity after 1 minute after mixing is 1.5 times or more and 4.0 times or less, and the viscosity after 20 minutes after mixing is 1.0 time or more and 2.0 times or less than the viscosity after 5 minutes after mixing.
  • the content of the component [C] is 6 to 25 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component [A]. is there.
  • the component [C] is a quaternary phosphonium bromide.
  • the component [C] is tetraphenylphosphonium halide.
  • the two-pack type epoxy resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention it further contains a component [D] reinforcing fiber.
  • the present invention 1 and the present invention 2 may be collectively abbreviated as the present invention, and so on.
  • the component [D] is carbon fiber.
  • the component [B] is an acid anhydride having an alicyclic structure.
  • the present invention is to solve the above problems, and the fiber reinforced composite material of the present invention is formed by curing the above-described two-pack type epoxy resin composition for fiber reinforced composite material.
  • the epoxy resin composition after mixing and preparation is excellent in viscosity stability at a low temperature (for example, 40 ° C.), has a low viscosity when injected into a reinforcing fiber, has excellent impregnation properties, and is short in molding.
  • a two-pack type epoxy resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material can be obtained which can provide a fiber composite material excellent in heat resistance, excellent in transparency, high in transparency and excellent in molded product quality with high productivity.
  • the two-component epoxy resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention cures in a short time during molding and gives a high-quality fiber-reinforced composite material. It can be provided with high productivity.
  • the application of fiber-reinforced composite materials for automobiles is especially advanced, and it can be expected to contribute to the improvement of fuel economy and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by further reducing the weight of automobiles.
  • the two-pack type epoxy resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention 1 includes the following components [A] to [C], and the content of the component [C] is the above component [A] 100. The amount is 6 to 25 parts by mass with respect to parts by mass.
  • the two-component epoxy for fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention 1 Each component of the resin composition will be described. including.
  • Component [A] used in the present invention is an epoxy resin.
  • An epoxy resin means a compound having two or more epoxy groups in one molecule.
  • component [A] in the present invention examples include an aromatic glycidyl ether obtained from a phenol having a plurality of hydroxyl groups, an aliphatic glycidyl ether obtained from an alcohol having a plurality of hydroxyl groups, a glycidyl amine obtained from an amine, and an oxirane ring.
  • aromatic glycidyl ether obtained from a phenol having a plurality of hydroxyl groups
  • an aliphatic glycidyl ether obtained from an alcohol having a plurality of hydroxyl groups
  • a glycidyl amine obtained from an amine
  • an oxirane ring examples include glycidyl esters obtained from epoxy resins and carboxylic acids having a plurality of carboxyl groups.
  • aromatic glycidyl ether examples include, for example, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, bisphenol AD diglycidyl ether, and bisphenol S diglycidyl ether.
  • Diglycidyl ether obtained from bisphenol such as polyglycidyl ether of novolak obtained from phenol or alkylphenol, diglycidyl ether of resorcinol, diglycidyl ether of hydroquinone, diglycidyl ether of 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl, 4,4 Diglycidyl ether of '-dihydroxy-3,3', 5,5'-tetramethylbiphenyl, diglycidyl ether of 1,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, 9, Diglycidyl ether of '-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene, triglycidyl ether of tris (p-hydroxyphenyl) methane, tetraglycidyl ether of tetrakis (p-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A And diglycidyl ether having an oxazolidone skeleton obtained by reacting
  • Examples of the aliphatic glycidyl ether that can be used as the component [A] in the present invention include, for example, diglycidyl ether of ethylene glycol, diglycidyl ether of propylene glycol, diglycidyl ether of 1,4-butanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, cyclohexanedimethanol diglycidyl ether, glycerin diglycidyl ether, glycerin triglycidyl ether, trimethylolethane diglycidyl ether, trimethylolethane triglyceride Glycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane diglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether Ether, diglycidyl
  • Examples include alkyl-substituted products and hydrogenated products.
  • Examples of the epoxy resin having an oxirane ring that can be used as the component [A] in the present invention include vinylcyclohexene dioxide, dipentene dioxide, 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl, adipine Examples thereof include bis (3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl) acid, dicyclopentadiene dioxide, bis (2,3-epoxycyclopentyl) ether, and oligomers of 4-vinylcyclohexene dioxide.
  • glycidyl ester examples include, for example, phthalic acid diglycidyl ester, terephthalic acid diglycidyl ester, hexahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, and dimer acid diglycidyl ester. It is done.
  • diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol compounds that is, bisphenol type epoxy resins, particularly bisphenol A type epoxy resins, balance the viscosity of the epoxy resin composition with the heat resistance of the resulting cured product and mechanical properties such as elastic modulus. Since it is excellent, it is preferably used as the component [A] in the present invention.
  • the bisphenol A type epoxy resin preferably has a repeating unit number in the range of 0 to 0.2, and more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.1.
  • the number of repeating units is the following chemical formula
  • Such a bisphenol A type epoxy resin preferably has an epoxy equivalent in the range of 170 to 220, and more preferably in the range of 170 to 195.
  • the epoxy equivalent generally has a relationship such that it increases as the number of the above repeating units increases and decreases as it decreases.
  • the epoxy equivalent is less than 170, low molecular weight impurities may be included, which may lead to deterioration of the surface quality due to volatilization during molding.
  • this epoxy equivalent exceeds 220, while the viscosity of an epoxy resin composition rises and the impregnation property to a reinforced fiber deteriorates, the rigidity of the fiber reinforced composite material obtained may become inadequate.
  • Component [B] used in the present invention is an acid anhydride, specifically a carboxylic acid anhydride, and more specifically, an acid anhydride capable of reacting with an epoxy group of component [A] (epoxy resin). It refers to a compound having one or more groups in one molecule, and acts as a curing agent for epoxy resins. In a preferred embodiment, the number of acid anhydride groups is 4 or less per molecule.
  • Component [B] used in the present invention may be an acid anhydride having an aromatic ring but not an alicyclic structure such as phthalic anhydride, and an aromatic ring such as succinic anhydride.
  • An acid anhydride having no alicyclic structure may be used, but it is a low-viscosity liquid and easy to handle, and from the viewpoint of heat resistance and mechanical properties of the cured product, an acid anhydride having an alicyclic structure.
  • a compound having a cycloalkane ring or a cycloalkene ring is more preferably used.
  • the acid anhydride having such an alicyclic structure include, for example, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, methyldihydronadic acid anhydride, 1,2,4,5- Cyclopentanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, nadic acid anhydride, methyl nadic acid anhydride, Bicyclo [2,2,2] oct-7-ene-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride and 4- (2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl) -3-methyl- Examples include 1,2,5,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride.
  • hexahydrophthalic acid anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride, nadic acid anhydride and acid anhydrides selected from their alkyl-substituted types are the viscosity of the epoxy resin composition, the heat resistance of the resulting cured product, Since it is excellent in balance with mechanical properties such as elastic modulus, it is preferably used as component [B] in the present invention. Even when an acid anhydride having an alicyclic structure is used as the component [B], the two-component epoxy resin composition according to the present invention contains an acid anhydride having no alicyclic structure. be able to.
  • the blending amount of component [A] and component [B] in the present invention is the ratio of the number of acid anhydride groups (H) in component [B] to the total number of epoxy groups (E) in component [A], H / E.
  • the blending amount is preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.1, more preferably in the range of 0.85 to 1.05, and in the range of 0.9 to 1.0. It is a more preferable aspect that the blending amount satisfies the above.
  • the H / E ratio is less than 0.8, the polymerization between the excessively existing epoxy resins proceeds and the physical properties of the cured product are deteriorated.
  • the H / E ratio exceeds 1.1 the concentration of the reaction points of the system decreases due to excessive curing agent components, the reaction rate decreases, and sufficient high-speed curability cannot be exhibited. There is.
  • the two-pack type epoxy resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention 2 includes the component [A] and the component [B], and the viscosity after 5 minutes from the mixing of all the components is 1 minute after the mixing.
  • the temperature T1 is 1.5 times or more and 4.0 times or less of the viscosity, and the viscosity after 20 minutes from the mixing is 1.0 to 2.0 times the viscosity after 5 minutes from the mixing, It is a two-pack type epoxy resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite materials whose temperature T1 is 30 ° C. or higher and 60 ° C. or lower.
  • the two-pack type epoxy resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention 2 has a viscosity of 1.7 times or more and 4.0 times or less of the viscosity after 1 minute from the mixing of all components. This is a preferred embodiment. Furthermore, in the two-component epoxy resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention 2, the viscosity after 20 minutes from mixing is more than 1.0 times and less than 1.6 times the viscosity after 5 minutes from mixing. This is a preferred embodiment.
  • the viscosity after 5 minutes from the mixing of all components is 1.5 times to 4.0 times the viscosity after 1 minute from the mixing, and the viscosity after 20 minutes from the mixing is the viscosity after 5 minutes from the mixing.
  • the temperature T1 is 1.0 times or more and 2.0 times or less, the viscosity is measured at three points of 30 ° C., 40 ° C., and 60 ° C., and the above-mentioned viscosity at any temperature.
  • the condition is satisfied, it is determined that the temperature T1 exists, and when the viscosity condition is not satisfied at any temperature, it is determined that the temperature T1 does not exist. That is, the temperature T1 is a numerical value selected from any of 30 ° C., 40 ° C., and 60 ° C.
  • the two-pack type epoxy resin composition for fiber reinforced composite material of the present invention 2 can control the resin flow after impregnation into the reinforced fiber by exhibiting the above-mentioned viscosity behavior. Since it is difficult for the resin to enter the slight gap between the parts, the burr of the molded body is reduced.
  • the filament winding method can suppress the dripping of the resin after the resin is impregnated into the reinforcing fiber and can reduce the loss of the resin material. It becomes possible and also improves the quality of the molded product.
  • the viscosity after 5 minutes from the mixing of all components is 1.5 to 4.0 times the viscosity after 1 minute from the mixing, and 20 minutes after the mixing.
  • the method for adjusting the temperature T1 to 30 ° C. or more and 60 ° C. or less having a temperature T1 that is 1.0 to 2.0 times the viscosity 5 minutes after mixing can be given. That is, it is preferable that the two-pack type epoxy resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention 2 contains the component [C].
  • Component [C] Quaternary ammonium salt, quaternary phosphonium halide or imidazolium salt
  • Component [C] used in the present invention 1 and the preferred embodiment of the present invention 2 is a quaternary ammonium salt, a quaternary phosphonium halide or an imidazolium salt. These act as curing accelerators for rapid curing.
  • the quaternary ammonium salt has a curing time in spite of little increase in viscosity at room temperature after mixing the main agent liquid and the curing agent liquid. Therefore, when the fiber reinforced composite material is molded, the fiber reinforced composite material is excellent in impregnation into the reinforced fiber base material, and the fiber reinforced composite material can be molded with high productivity.
  • quaternary ammonium salt used as the component [C] in the present invention include, for example, a quaternary ammonium oxoacid salt composed of a quaternary ammonium cation and an oxoacid anion, a quaternary ammonium cation and a 17th acid.
  • Examples of the quaternary ammonium oxoacid salt include, for example, tetramethylammonium perchlorate, tetramethylammonium sulfate, tetramethylammonium acetate, tetramethylammonium hydrogensulfate, tetraethylammonium nitrate, tetraethylammonium perchlorate, Cetyltrimethylammonium perchlorate, hexadecyltrimethylammonium perchlorate, tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, tri-n-octylmethylammonium hydrogensulfate, tetrabutylammonium acetate, tetrabutylammonium hydrogensulfate, tetramethylammonium p- Examples include toluene sulfonate, tetraethylammonium p-toluenesulfonate, and
  • Examples of the quaternary ammonium halide include, for example, tetramethylammonium chloride, methyltriethylammonium chloride, tetraethylammonium chloride, tributylmethylammonium chloride, decyltrimethylammonium chloride, trimethyl-n-octylammonium chloride, lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, Dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, trimethyldodecylammonium chloride, trimethylmyristylammonium chloride, tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride, trimethyltetradecylammonium chloride, tetrapropylammonium chloride, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, trimethylocta Silammonium chloride, tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride, dilauryldimethylam
  • Examples of the quaternary ammonium borate salt include, for example, tetramethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, cetyltrimethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, hexadecyltrimethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, tetra Examples include butylammonium tetrafluoroborate, 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate, and tetrabutylammonium tetraphenylborate.
  • quaternary ammonium halides are preferably used and quaternary ammonium bromides are more preferably used from the viewpoints of solubility in epoxy resin and curing agent and cost.
  • the quaternary phosphonium halide has a viscosity of 5 minutes after mixing all components at a temperature of 30 ° C. to 60 ° C. at a level that does not impair impregnation. Viscosity of 1.5 to 4.0 times the viscosity after 1 minute from mixing, and 1.0 to 2.0 times the viscosity after 5 minutes from mixing. It is preferably used as component [C] in the present invention because it exhibits behavior and can often control the flow of resin. Recently, the shape of the molded body has become complicated, and in order to cope with this, the mold has become more complicated, such as being able to be divided into a plurality of parts.
  • the resin may enter a slight gap between the mold parts, which may increase the burr of the molded body.
  • Resin flow is controlled by increasing the viscosity moderately.
  • the RTM method makes it difficult for the resin to enter the slight gaps in the mold parts, reducing burrs on the molded product, and the filament winding method reduces resin dripping. It is preferable because it is possible.
  • the quaternary phosphonium halide used as the component [C] in the present invention includes quaternary phosphonium from the viewpoint of the solubility and cost in the component [A] and the component [B], and the above-mentioned specific viscosity behavior.
  • Bromide is a preferred embodiment, and specific examples thereof include tetraethylphosphonium bromide, tetrabutylphosphonium bromide, tributyl-n-octylphosphonium bromide, tetra-n-octylphosphonium bromide, tributyldodecylphosphonium bromide, tributylhexadecylphosphonium bromide, methyl Triphenylphosphonium bromide, tetraphenylphosphonium bromide, ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide, butyltriphenylphosphonium bromide, triphenylpropylphosphonium bromide Amyl bromide, benzyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide, hexyl bromide, heptyl bromide and triphenyl (tetradecyl) phosphonium bromide, and the like.
  • the quaternary phosphonium halide used as the component [C] in the present invention is preferably a tetraphenylphosphonium halide from the viewpoint of the physical properties of the cured product. Specific examples thereof include tetraphenylphosphonium bromide and tetraphenylphosphonium chloride. And tetraphenylphosphonium iodide.
  • the content of the component [C] used in the preferred embodiments of the present invention 1 and the present invention 2 is preferably 6 to 25 parts by mass, and 6 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component [A]. Is a more preferred embodiment.
  • the amount of the component [C] is less than 6 parts by mass, the time required for curing becomes long and sufficient high-speed curability may not be exhibited.
  • the time which maintains a low viscosity becomes short and the impregnation to a reinforced fiber may become difficult.
  • imidazolium salt used as the component [C] in the present invention include, for example, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methyl.
  • Imidazolium tetrafluoroborate 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-2 , 3-dimethylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole Um tetrachloroferrate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide, 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoro (tri Fluoro
  • Viscosity of two-component epoxy resin composition In the two-pack type epoxy resin composition of the present invention, the above-described components are properly blended so that the viscosity after 1 minute from the mixing of all components at 40 ° C. is 0.1 to 2.0 Pa ⁇ s. It is preferable that the pressure is 0.1 to 1.5 Pa ⁇ s. By setting the viscosity to 2.0 Pa ⁇ s or less, the viscosity at the molding temperature can be lowered, and when the fiber reinforced composite material is molded, the injection time into the reinforcing fiber base is shortened, and the cause of non-impregnation is reduced. Because you can.
  • the viscosity at the molding temperature does not become too low, and pits that are generated by entraining air at the time of injection into the reinforcing fiber substrate when molding the fiber reinforced composite material This is because it is possible to prevent the occurrence of an unimpregnated region caused by uneven impregnation.
  • the viscosity in the present invention can be determined by measuring the viscosity immediately after mixing and preparing the two-component epoxy resin composition based on a measurement method using a cone-plate type rotational viscometer in ISO 2884-1 (1999). Examples of the measuring device include TVE-33H type manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd.
  • the viscosity immediately after mixing preparation is the viscosity one minute after mixing preparation.
  • Dielectric measurement cannot be uniquely associated with viscosity and elastic modulus, but is useful for obtaining a curing profile of a thermosetting resin that changes from a low viscosity liquid to a high elastic modulus amorphous solid.
  • a curing profile is obtained from a time change of ion viscosity (equivalent resistivity) calculated from a complex dielectric constant measured by applying a high-frequency electric field to a thermosetting resin.
  • an MDE-10 cure monitor manufactured by Holometrix-Micromet can be used as the dielectric measurement device.
  • a Viton O-ring having an inner diameter of 32 mm and a thickness of 3 mm is installed on the lower surface of the programmable mini press MP2000 in which a TMS-1 inch type sensor is embedded in the lower surface, and the temperature of the press is set to a predetermined value. Set to temperature T.
  • the epoxy resin composition is poured inside the O-ring, the press is closed, and the time change of the ionic viscosity of the epoxy resin composition is followed.
  • Dielectric measurement is performed at frequencies of 1, 10, 100, 1000, and 10000 Hz, and the logarithm Log ( ⁇ ) of ion viscosity independent of frequency is obtained by using software (Umetric) attached to the apparatus.
  • the cure index at the curing required time t is obtained by the following (Equation 4), and the time for the cure index to reach 10% is set to t10, and the time for the cure index to reach 90% is set to t90.
  • Cure index ⁇ log ( ⁇ t) ⁇ log ( ⁇ min) ⁇ / ⁇ log ( ⁇ max) ⁇ log ( ⁇ min) ⁇ ⁇ 100 (Equation 4) ⁇ Cure index: (Unit:%) ⁇ t: Ionic viscosity at time t (unit: ⁇ ⁇ cm) ⁇ ⁇ min: Minimum value of ion viscosity (unit: ⁇ ⁇ cm) ⁇ max: Maximum value of ion viscosity (unit: ⁇ ⁇ cm).
  • ion viscosity by dielectric measurement is relatively easy even if the curing reaction is fast. Furthermore, the ionic viscosity can be measured after gelation, and increases with the progress of curing, and saturates as the curing is completed. Therefore, it can be used not only for the initial viscosity change but also for tracking the progress of the curing reaction.
  • the value obtained by standardizing the logarithm of the ionic viscosity so that the minimum value is 0% and the saturation value (maximum value) is 100% is called the cure index, and describes the curing profile of the thermosetting resin. Used to do.
  • t10 proportional to the time (flowable time) in which the two-component epoxy resin composition can flow at the specific temperature T2 is 0.5 minutes or more and 2 minutes or less.
  • Equation 1 t90 proportional to the time in which demolding is possible (demoldable time) is 0.5 minutes to 5 minutes
  • Forma 2 t90 proportional to the time in which demolding is possible
  • Forma 3 the ratio of the demoldable time and flowable time of the epoxy resin composition is greater than 1 and 2.5 or less
  • t90 / t10 is more preferably smaller in the range of 1 to 2.5.
  • the molding temperature (heat curing temperature) of the epoxy resin composition that is, the specific temperature T2 is preferably in the range of 100 to 140 ° C.
  • the range of the specific temperature T2 is preferably in the range of 100 to 140 ° C.
  • the two-pack type epoxy resin composition of the present invention is first composed of a main agent liquid containing the component [A] and a component [B] as main components (note that the main component here is based on mass in the hardener solution. It is meant that the component is the maximum amount.)
  • the curing agent liquid contained as above is blended in the above-mentioned blending amounts, and the main agent liquid and the curing agent liquid are mixed so that the blending amount is set immediately before use. It is obtained by mixing.
  • the above-mentioned component [C] can be blended in either the main agent liquid or the curing agent liquid, but is more preferably included in the curing agent liquid.
  • the main agent liquid and the curing agent liquid are preferably heated separately before mixing, and mixed using a mixer immediately before use, such as injection into a mold, to obtain a two-part epoxy resin composition. It is preferable from the viewpoint of the pot life of the resin.
  • the two-component epoxy resin composition of the present invention may contain reinforcing fibers as component [D] as necessary.
  • the reinforcing fiber in this case, glass fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, boron fiber and the like are preferably used.
  • carbon fiber is preferably used because it is lightweight and a fiber-reinforced composite material having excellent mechanical properties such as strength and elastic modulus can be obtained.
  • the reinforcing fiber may be either a short fiber or a continuous fiber, and both may be used in combination.
  • continuous fibers are preferably used.
  • the form of the reinforcing fiber may be used as a strand, but the reinforcing fiber may be used as a reinforcing fiber base material processed into a mat, woven fabric, knit, braid, unidirectional sheet or the like.
  • a woven fabric is preferably used because it is relatively easy to increase the fiber volume content Vf (details will be described later) of the fiber-reinforced composite material and it is excellent in handleability.
  • the higher the filling rate of the fabric the easier it is to obtain a fiber-reinforced composite material having a high fiber volume content Vf. Therefore, the filling rate of the fabric is preferably 0.10 to 0.85, more preferably 0. .40 to 0.85, more preferably within the range of 0.50 to 0.85.
  • the filling rate of the woven fabric is a ratio of the net volume of the reinforcing fiber to the apparent volume of the woven fabric, and is obtained by the formula of W / (1000 t ⁇ ⁇ f).
  • W basis weight (unit: g / m 2 )
  • T Thickness (unit: mm)
  • ⁇ ⁇ f density of reinforcing fibers (unit: g / cm 3)
  • the fabric weight and thickness of the fabric used here are determined in accordance with JIS R 7602 (1995).
  • the fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention is obtained by combining the two-pack type epoxy resin composition of the present invention and the reinforcing fiber as the component [D], and subsequently curing the two-pack type epoxy resin composition.
  • a molding method of the fiber reinforced composite material of the present invention a molding method using a two-component resin, such as a hand lay-up method, a filament winding method, a pultrusion method, and an RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) method is preferable. Used for.
  • the RTM molding method is particularly preferably used from the viewpoint of productivity and the degree of freedom of shape of the molded body.
  • a reinforcing fiber composite material is obtained by injecting a resin into a reinforcing fiber base disposed in a mold and curing the resin.
  • the method for producing the fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention will be described taking the RTM molding method as an example.
  • the two-pack type epoxy resin composition according to the present invention is obtained.
  • the fiber reinforced composite material of the present invention is injected and impregnated with the heated two-component epoxy resin composition into a reinforcing fiber base disposed in a mold heated to a specific temperature T. It is preferable to be produced by curing with.
  • the temperature at which the two-component epoxy resin composition is heated is determined from the relationship between the initial viscosity and the viscosity increase of the two-component epoxy resin composition from the viewpoint of impregnation into the reinforcing fiber substrate, and preferably 30 to 70. ° C, more preferably 50 to 60 ° C.
  • a mold having a plurality of injection ports is used, and the two-component epoxy resin composition is injected sequentially from the plurality of injection ports simultaneously or with a time difference.
  • the two-component epoxy resin composition is injected sequentially from the plurality of injection ports simultaneously or with a time difference.
  • the number and shape of the above-mentioned injection ports are not limited, but in order to enable injection in a short time, it is better that there are many injection ports, and the arrangement thereof depends on the shape of the fiber-reinforced composite material to be molded. A position where the flow length of the resin can be shortened is preferable.
  • the injection pressure of the two-pack type epoxy resin composition is usually 0.1 to 1.0 MPa, and VaRTM (Vacuum Assist Resin Transfer Molding) method in which the epoxy resin composition is injected by vacuum suction inside the mold can also be used.
  • VaRTM Vaum Assist Resin Transfer Molding
  • it is preferably 0.1 to 0.6 MPa in view of the injection time and the economical efficiency of the equipment. Even when pressure injection is performed, generation of voids can be suppressed by reducing the pressure in the mold before injecting the two-component epoxy resin composition.
  • the reinforcing fiber used is as described in [Component [D]: Reinforcing fiber].
  • the fiber volume content Vf is preferably 40 to 85%, more preferably 45 to 85%. is there.
  • the fiber volume content Vf of the fiber reinforced composite material referred to here is a value defined and measured by the following in accordance with ASTM D3171 (1999), and is an epoxy resin composition with respect to the reinforced fiber substrate. Is in a state after being injected and cured. That is, the measurement of the fiber volume content Vf of the fiber reinforced composite material can be expressed by the following (Formula 5) from the thickness h of the fiber reinforced composite material.
  • Fiber volume content Vf (%) (Af ⁇ N) / ( ⁇ f ⁇ h) / 10 (Expression 5) -Af: One fiber base material-Mass per 1 m 2 (g / m 2 ) ⁇ N: Number of laminated fiber base materials (sheets) ⁇ f: density of reinforcing fiber (g / cm 3 ) H: Thickness (mm) of the fiber reinforced composite material (test piece).
  • the combustion method, nitric acid decomposition method and sulfuric acid decomposition method based on JIS K 7075 (1991) The fiber volume content of the fiber reinforced composite material can be measured by any of the methods.
  • the density measured in accordance with JIS R 7603 (1999) is used as the density of the reinforcing fibers used in this case.
  • the thickness of the fiber reinforced composite material can be correctly measured. As described in JIS K 7072 (1991), JIS B 7502 (1994). Measure with a micrometer specified in the above or with a precision equivalent to or better than this. If the fiber reinforced composite material has a complicated shape and cannot be measured, cut out a sample (a sample having a certain shape and size for measurement) from the fiber reinforced composite material and measure it. be able to.
  • a veneer can be mentioned.
  • a sandwich structure in which a single plate-like fiber reinforced composite material is disposed on both surfaces of the core material, a hollow structure having a single plate-like structure covered with the periphery, and a single plate-like shape Examples include a so-called canaging structure in which a fiber-reinforced composite material is disposed on one side of a core material.
  • Core materials for sandwich and canacher structures include honeycomb cores made of aluminum or aramid, polyurethane, polystyrene, polyamide, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, phenolic resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin foam cores, balsa, etc. Wood and the like. Among them, a foam core is preferably used as the core material because a lightweight fiber-reinforced composite material can be obtained.
  • the fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention is excellent in mechanical properties such as strength and elastic modulus while being lightweight. Therefore, it is preferably used for structural members and outer plates of aircraft, space satellites, industrial machines, railway vehicles, ships, and automobiles. Moreover, it is excellent in color tone and surface quality. Therefore, it is preferably used particularly for automobile outer plate applications.
  • Epoxy resin “jER” registered trademark 1001 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation): bisphenol A type epoxy resin, epoxy equivalent 475 "Epototo” (registered trademark) YD-128 (manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd.): bisphenol A type epoxy resin, epoxy equivalent 189 "Epototo” (registered trademark) YDF-170 (manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd.): bisphenol F type epoxy resin, epoxy equivalent 170 "Celoxide” (registered trademark) 2021P (manufactured by Daicel Corporation): alicyclic epoxy resin, epoxy equivalent 137 2.
  • Acid anhydride, HN-5500 (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.): Methylhexahydrophthalic acid anhydride, “Kayahard” (registered trademark) MCD (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.): Methyl nadic acid anhydride Quaternary ammonium salt, tetramethylammonium bromide (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) ⁇ Tetramethylammonium chloride (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) ⁇ Trimethylphenylammonium bromide (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 4).
  • Imidazolium salt 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) ⁇ 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) ⁇ 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 6).
  • Dielectric measurements were taken to track the cure of the epoxy resin.
  • an MDE-10 cure monitor manufactured by Holometrix-Micromet was used as a dielectric measurement apparatus.
  • a Viton O-ring with an inner diameter of 32 mm and a thickness of 3 mm was installed on the lower surface of the programmable mini press MP2000 with a TMS-1 inch type sensor embedded in the lower surface, the press temperature was set to 120 ° C, and the O-ring
  • the epoxy resin composition was poured inside, the press was closed, and the time change of the ionic viscosity of the epoxy resin composition was followed.
  • Dielectric measurement was performed at each frequency of 1, 10, 100, 1000, and 10000 Hz, and logarithm Log ( ⁇ ) of frequency-independent ion viscosity was obtained using attached software.
  • Cure index ⁇ log ( ⁇ t) ⁇ log ( ⁇ min) ⁇ / ⁇ log ( ⁇ max) ⁇ log ( ⁇ min) ⁇ ⁇ 100 (Expression 4) ⁇ Cure index: (Unit:%) ⁇ t: Ionic viscosity at time t (unit: ⁇ ⁇ cm) ⁇ ⁇ min: Minimum value of ion viscosity (unit: ⁇ ⁇ cm) ⁇ max: Maximum value of ion viscosity (unit: ⁇ ⁇ cm).
  • ⁇ Creation of cured resin plate> A copper spacer having a thickness of 2 mm, in which a square with a side of 50 mm was cut out, was placed on the lower surface of the press device, the press temperature was set to 120 ° C., the epoxy resin composition was poured inside the spacer, and the press was closed. After 20 minutes, the press was opened to obtain a cured resin plate.
  • Tg of cured product A test piece having a width of 12.7 mm and a length of 40 mm was cut out from the cured resin plate and subjected to torsional DMA measurement using a rheometer (ARES manufactured by TA Instruments). The measurement conditions are a heating rate of 5 ° C./min. The temperature at the inflection point of the storage elastic modulus G ′ obtained by the measurement was defined as Tg.
  • ⁇ Hardened product coloring> The presence or absence of coloring was judged about said resin hardening board. Specifically, a 30 mm square and 2 mm thick test piece cut out from a cured resin plate was used, and the color tone of the cured product was changed to L using a spectrocolorimeter (CM-700d, manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd.). * A * b * color system.
  • the L * a * b * color system is used to represent the color of a substance. L * represents lightness, and a * and b * represent chromaticity.
  • a * indicates the red direction
  • -a * indicates the green direction
  • b * indicates the yellow direction
  • -b * indicates the blue direction.
  • the measurement conditions were a spectral transmittance in a wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm under a condition that does not include a D65 light source, a 10 ° field of view, and regular reflection light.
  • ⁇ 5 “no coloring” was designated, and the others were “colored”.
  • Cavity carbon fiber fabric CO6343 (carbon fiber: T300-3K, organization: plain weave, basis weight: 198 g / m 2 , manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) as a reinforcing fiber in a mold having a plate-like cavity of 350 mm ⁇ 700 mm ⁇ 2 mm
  • a mold having a plate-like cavity of 350 mm ⁇ 700 mm ⁇ 2 mm
  • the main agent liquid and the curing agent liquid were mixed using a resin injection machine and injected at a pressure of 0.2 MPa. Twenty minutes after the start of injection of the epoxy resin composition, the mold was opened and demolded to obtain a fiber-reinforced composite material.
  • the amount of voids in the fiber reinforced composite material is less than 1%, and “A” indicates that the voids are not substantially present.
  • the fiber reinforced composite material has no resin non-impregnated portion.
  • the case where the void amount was 1% or more was designated as “B”, and the case where the resin-unimpregnated portion was observed in the appearance of the fiber reinforced composite material was designated as “C”.
  • the amount of voids in the fiber reinforced composite material was calculated from the area ratio of the voids in the fiber reinforced composite material by observing a smoothly polished fiber reinforced composite material cross section with a tilt-down optical microscope.
  • the epoxy resin composition was mixed and prepared as described above, and the viscosity measurement and dielectric measurement were performed as described above. Moreover, the resin cured plate was produced by the above-described method using this epoxy resin composition, and the glass transition temperature Tg was measured and the color evaluation was performed. Furthermore, the fiber reinforced composite material was produced by the above-mentioned method using the epoxy resin composition.
  • Example 1 As shown in Table 1, a main agent solution composed of 100 parts by mass of bisphenol A type epoxy resin “Epototo” (registered trademark) YD-128, and 89 parts by mass of acid anhydride “HN-5500” with tetramethylammonium bromide An epoxy resin composition was mixed and prepared from a hardener solution in which 6 parts by mass were heated at 80 ° C. and dissolved. Even if this epoxy resin composition was kept at a temperature of 40 ° C., the viscosity increase ratio was kept low, and the low viscosity state was maintained. Further, since the demoldable time represented by t90 at a temperature of 120 ° C.
  • the molding time of the fiber-reinforced composite material is also effective for shortening the molding time.
  • the cured product of the epoxy resin composition had a Tg higher than the molding temperature (120 ° C.) and was not colored. For this reason, the fiber reinforced composite material produced using this epoxy resin composition was able to be easily demolded without being deformed when the molded product was taken out from the mold. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that 18 parts by mass (Example 2) and 25 parts by mass (Example 3) of tetramethylammonium bromide were used, respectively. All were excellent in viscosity stability at 40 ° C., and the demoldable time was short. Moreover, since the cured product of this epoxy resin composition had a Tg higher than the molding temperature (120 ° C.) and was not colored, the fiber-reinforced composite material produced using this epoxy resin composition takes out the molded product from the mold. The mold could be easily removed without deformation. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 4 Bisphenol F-type epoxy resin “Epototo” (registered trademark) YDF-170 100 parts by weight of the main agent liquid, the curing agent liquid is 74 parts by weight of acid anhydride “HN-5500” and “Kayahard” (registered trademark) ) MCD "26 parts by mass, tetramethylammonium chloride was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that Example 4 was 7 parts by mass and Example 5 was 23 parts by mass. All were excellent in viscosity stability at 40 ° C., and the demoldable time was short.
  • Example 6 and 7 A main agent liquid composed of 75 parts by mass of a bisphenol A type epoxy resin “jER” (registered trademark) 1001 and 25 parts by mass of an alicyclic epoxy resin “Celoxide” (registered trademark) 2021P; The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that 100 parts by mass of the product “HN-5500” and trimethylphenylammonium bromide were 6 parts by mass in Example 6 and 22 parts by mass in Example 7. All were excellent in viscosity stability at 40 ° C., and the demoldable time was short.
  • Example 1 The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that tetramethylammonium bromide was changed to 2 parts by mass and 4 parts by mass, respectively. Although both are excellent in viscosity stability at 40 ° C., the amount of the component [C] is insufficient, and the curing time is longer than in the examples. Therefore, the fiber-reinforced composite produced using this epoxy resin composition The material has a longer demoldable time, and the productivity at the time of molding is inferior. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 3 The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that 40 parts by mass of tetramethylammonium bromide was used. Since there is too much quantity of component [C] and the viscosity increase at 40 degreeC is remarkably inferior to the viscosity stability at 40 degreeC of an epoxy resin composition, it is going to produce a fiber reinforced composite material using this epoxy resin composition. Then, the impregnation property of the resin to the reinforcing fiber was inferior. Moreover, since the Tg of the cured product of the epoxy resin composition was lower than the molding temperature (120 ° C.), it was deformed when the fiber-reinforced composite material was demolded. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 5 The main agent liquid consisting of 100 parts by mass of the bisphenol A type epoxy resin “Epototo” (registered trademark) YD-128, and the curing agent liquid containing 18 parts by mass of metaxylenediamine without containing the components [B] and [C]. Except for this, the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed. In this comparative example, since the component [B] and the component [C] are not included, the viscosity of the epoxy resin composition is high, and the viscosity increase rate is high and the stability of the viscosity is poor. Therefore, fibers using this epoxy resin composition In the reinforced composite material molding, the impregnation property to the reinforcing fiber was inferior. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Comparative Example 6 The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that 10 parts by mass of tri-p-tolylphosphine was used instead of component [C]. Although this comparative example had a short curing time, it was colored when cured at a temperature of 120 ° C. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • the main agent liquid consisting of 100 parts by mass of the bisphenol F type epoxy resin “Epototo” (registered trademark) YDF-170 and the curing agent liquid includes 74 parts by mass of the acid anhydride “HN-5500”.
  • a curing agent solution in which 6 parts by mass of ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide was dissolved in 26 parts by mass of “Kayahard” (registered trademark) MCD at 90 ° C. to prepare an epoxy resin composition.
  • this epoxy resin composition When this epoxy resin composition is kept at a temperature of 40 ° C., it shows a steep increase in viscosity until 5 minutes after mixing preparation, and after 20 minutes there is no increase in viscosity, and a low viscosity state is maintained. It was. Further, since the demoldable time represented by t90 at a temperature of 120 ° C. is short, it was found that the molding time of the fiber-reinforced composite material is also effective for shortening the molding time. Moreover, the cured product of this epoxy resin composition has a Tg higher than the molding temperature (120 ° C.) and is not colored. When the fiber reinforced composite material produced using this epoxy resin composition is taken out of the mold, The mold could be easily removed without deformation, and there were few burrs on the molded body. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 9 The same procedure as in Example 8 was carried out except that ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide was changed to the amounts shown in Table 2. All were excellent in viscosity increase after mixing preparation and the subsequent viscosity stability at 40 ° C., and the demoldable time was short. In addition, since the cured product of this epoxy resin composition had a Tg higher than the molding temperature (120 ° C.) and was not colored, the fiber-reinforced composite material produced using this epoxy resin composition was deformed when taken out from the mold. The mold could be easily removed without any burrs, and there were few burrs. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 11 to 13 The main agent liquid composed of bisphenol A type epoxy resin “Epototo” (registered trademark) YD-128, and the curing agent liquid contained acid anhydride “HN-5500” and tetraphenylphosphonium bromide in the amounts shown in Table 2, respectively.
  • the same operation as in Example 8 was carried out except that. All of them were excellent in viscosity increase after mixing preparation and viscosity stability at 40 ° C., and the demoldable time was short.
  • the cured product of this epoxy resin composition had a Tg higher than the molding temperature (120 ° C.) and was not colored, the fiber-reinforced composite material produced using this epoxy resin composition was deformed when taken out from the mold. The mold could be easily removed without any burrs, and there were few burrs. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 14 A main agent solution in which bisphenol A type epoxy resin “Epototo” (registered trademark) YD-128 ”and“ “Celoxide” (registered trademark) 2021P ”are combined at 25 ° C. at room temperature, and an acid is contained in the curing agent solution.
  • the same procedure as in Example 8 was conducted except that the amounts of anhydride “HN-5500” and tetraphenylphosphonium bromide were changed to those shown in Table 2. All of them were excellent in viscosity increase after mixing preparation and viscosity stability at 40 ° C., and the demoldable time was short.
  • Example 16 As shown in Table 2, a bisphenol A type epoxy resin “jER” (registered trademark) 1001 and a bisphenol F type epoxy resin “Epototo” (registered trademark) YDF-170 ”were combined and heated at 90 ° C. The same procedure as in Example 8 was conducted, except that the compatible main agent solution and curing agent solution were acid anhydride “HN-5500” and tetraphenylphosphonium chloride in amounts shown in Table 2. All of them were excellent in viscosity increase after mixing preparation and viscosity stability at 40 ° C., and the demoldable time was short.
  • the compatible main agent solution and curing agent solution were acid anhydride “HN-5500” and tetraphenylphosphonium chloride in amounts shown in Table 2. All of them were excellent in viscosity increase after mixing preparation and viscosity stability at 40 ° C., and the demoldable time was short.
  • Comparative Example 7 Comparative Example 7 was carried out in the same manner as Example 12 except that ethyl triphenylphosphonium bromide was 5 parts by mass. Although it has excellent viscosity increase after mixing preparation and viscosity stability at 40 ° C., the amount of component [C] is insufficient, and the curing time becomes longer than in Examples, and viscosity increase after mixing preparation In the fiber reinforced composite material produced using this epoxy resin composition, many burrs were generated at the time of molding, and the quality of the molded product was lowered. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 8 The same operation as in Example 14 except that 30 parts of tetraphenylphosphonium bromide was used. Since the amount of the component [C] is too large and the viscosity increase at 40 ° C. is remarkably inferior in viscosity stability at 40 ° C., the fiber-reinforced composite material produced using this epoxy resin composition is impregnated into the reinforcing fibers. The productivity was inferior, and the product was inferior in productivity when it was taken out from the mold. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Comparative Example 9 The same operation as in Example 12 was carried out except that 17 parts by mass of tetraphenylphosphonium tetra-p-tolylborate was used instead of the component [C].
  • the curing time is longer than in the Examples, and the viscosity increase after mixing preparation is as shown in Table 3, in addition to 40 ° C. Even at 30 ° C. and 60 ° C., an increase in viscosity after mixing preparation was not exhibited.
  • many burrs were generated in the molded body, and the quality of the molded body was lowered. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Comparative Example 10 The same operation as in Example 12 was carried out except that 18 parts by mass of tetrabutylphosphonium decanoate was used instead of component [C].
  • component [C] since the component [C] is not included, the curing time is longer than in the Example, and the viscosity increase after mixing preparation is as shown in Table 3, in addition to 40 ° C. Even at 30 ° C. and 60 ° C., an increase in viscosity after mixing preparation was not exhibited.
  • many burrs were generated in the molded body, and the quality of the molded body was lowered. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 11 The same procedure as in Example 8 was conducted, except that the acid anhydride “HN-5500” was used as the curing agent solution, and 10 parts by mass of tri-p-tolylphosphine was used instead of the component [C]. Although this comparative example had a short curing time, it was colored when cured at a temperature of 120 ° C. Further, as shown in Table 3, the increase in viscosity after mixing preparation, as shown in Table 3, the increase in viscosity after mixing preparation did not appear at 30 ° C. and 60 ° C. in addition to 40 ° C. Many burrs were generated in the molded body, and the quality of the molded body was lowered. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 19 As shown in Table 4, a main agent solution consisting of 100 parts by mass of a bisphenol A type epoxy resin “Epototo” (registered trademark) YD-128, and 89 parts by mass of acid anhydride “HN-5500” with 1-butyl- An epoxy resin composition was mixed and prepared from a hardener solution in which 6 parts by mass of 3-methylimidazolium chloride was dissolved at 80 ° C. Even if this epoxy resin composition was held at a temperature of 40 ° C., the viscosity increase ratio was kept low, and the low viscosity state was maintained. Further, since the demoldable time represented by t90 at a temperature of 120 ° C.
  • the molding time of the fiber-reinforced composite material is also effective for shortening the molding time.
  • the cured product of the epoxy resin composition had a Tg higher than the molding temperature (120 ° C.) and was not colored. For this reason, the fiber reinforced composite material produced using this epoxy resin composition was able to be easily demolded without being deformed when the molded product was taken out from the mold. The results are shown in Table 4.
  • Example 20 The same as Example 19 except that 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride was changed to 10 parts by mass (Example 20), 18 parts by mass (Example 21), and 25 parts by mass (Example 22), respectively. Carried out. All were excellent in viscosity stability at 40 ° C., and the demoldable time was short. Moreover, since the cured product of this epoxy resin composition had a Tg higher than the molding temperature (120 ° C.) and was not colored, the fiber-reinforced composite material produced using this epoxy resin composition takes out the molded product from the mold. The mold could be easily removed without deformation. The results are shown in Table 4.
  • Example 25 and 26 A main agent liquid composed of 75 parts by mass of a bisphenol A type epoxy resin “jER” (registered trademark) 1001 and 25 parts by mass of an alicyclic epoxy resin “Celoxide” (registered trademark) 2021P; Except that 100 parts by mass of the product “HN-5500” and 6 parts by mass (Example 25) and 22 parts by mass (Example 26) of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide were used, respectively. Implemented. All were excellent in viscosity stability at 40 ° C., and the demoldable time was short.
  • Example 12 The same operation as in Example 19 was carried out except that 4 parts by mass of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride was used. Although both are excellent in viscosity stability at 40 ° C., the amount of the component [C] is insufficient, and the curing time is longer than in the examples. Therefore, the fiber-reinforced composite produced using this epoxy resin composition The material has a longer demoldable time, and the productivity at the time of molding is inferior. The results are shown in Table 4.
  • Example 13 The same operation as in Example 19 except that 40 parts by mass of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride was used. Since there is too much quantity of component [C] and the viscosity increase at 40 degreeC is remarkably inferior to the viscosity stability at 40 degreeC of an epoxy resin composition, it is going to produce a fiber reinforced composite material using this epoxy resin composition. Then, the impregnation property of the resin to the reinforcing fiber was inferior. Moreover, since the Tg of the cured product of the epoxy resin composition was lower than the molding temperature (120 ° C.), it was deformed when the fiber-reinforced composite material was demolded. The results are shown in Table 4.
  • Comparative Example 14 The same operation as in Example 19 except that 10 parts by mass of 1,2-dimethylimidazole was used instead of the component [C].
  • the component [C] since the component [C] is not included, the ratio of increase in viscosity after 20 minutes at 40 ° C. is high and the stability of the viscosity is inferior to that of the Example, so that the fiber-reinforced composite material molding using this epoxy resin composition is performed Then, the impregnation property to the reinforcing fiber was inferior, and the cured product was colored. The results are shown in Table 4.
  • the epoxy epoxy resin composition of the present invention is suitable for molding a fiber reinforced composite material, and a fiber reinforced composite material excellent in appearance and surface quality can be obtained in a short time with good productivity by the RTM method. It is done.
  • the epoxy epoxy resin composition of the present invention is excellent in molding a fiber-reinforced composite material having a large shape, and is particularly suitable for application to automobile members.
  • the two-pack type epoxy resin composition of the present invention is excellent in workability at the time of preparing an epoxy resin, excellent in viscosity stability at a low temperature (for example, 40 ° C.) of the epoxy resin composition after mixing and prepared, and in a short time during molding. Since it hardens and gives a high-quality fiber-reinforced composite material, it becomes possible to provide a high-quality fiber-reinforced composite material with high productivity by the RTM method or the like. As a result, the application of fiber-reinforced composite materials for automobiles is especially advanced, and it can be expected to contribute to the improvement of fuel economy and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by further reducing the weight of automobiles.

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  • Epoxy Resins (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition de résine époxy à deux composants qui, après mélange, produit une composition de résine époxy ayant une excellente stabilité de la viscosité à basse température (40 °C) et conserve une faible viscosité et présente d'excellentes propriétés d'infiltration lorsqu'elle est injectée dans des fibres de renforcement et qui, après infiltration, augmente modérément la viscosité de la résine pour présenter un écoulement de résine réduit et obtenir par exemple une réduction des bavures dans des objets moulés. La composition de résine époxy préparée, une fois moulée, peut être durcie en peu de temps pour produire un objet durci présentant une transparence élevée et peut produire un matériau composite renforcé par fibres ayant une excellente qualité de moulage. La présente invention concerne également un matériau composite renforcé par fibres obtenu à l'aide de la composition de résine époxy à deux composants. La composition de résine époxy à deux composants pour matériaux composites renforcés par fibres selon la présente invention comprend des composants [A] à [C] tels que mentionnés ci-dessous, la teneur du composant [C] étant de 6 à 25 parties en masse par rapport à 100 parties en masse du composant [A]. Le matériau composite renforcé par fibres selon la présente invention est obtenu par combinaison de la composition de résine époxy à deux composants pour matériaux composites renforcés par fibres avec des fibres de renforcement et par durcissement de cette combinaison. [A] une résine époxy ; [B] un anhydride d'acide ; et [C] un sel d'ammonium quaternaire, un halogénure de phosphonium quaternaire ou un sel d'imidazolium.
PCT/JP2016/073276 2016-08-08 2016-08-08 Composition de résine époxy à deux composants pour matériaux composites renforcés par fibres et matériau composite renforcé par fibres WO2018029743A1 (fr)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4617588B1 (fr) * 1969-03-06 1971-05-15
JPS487097U (fr) * 1971-06-07 1973-01-26
JPS502100A (fr) * 1973-05-07 1975-01-10
JPH0218445A (ja) * 1988-07-06 1990-01-22 Toshiba Corp 注形用エポキシ樹脂組成物
JPH11286536A (ja) * 1998-02-05 1999-10-19 Tosoh Corp 熱硬化性樹脂組成物
WO2009014270A1 (fr) * 2007-07-26 2009-01-29 Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Composition de résine
JP2013231178A (ja) * 2013-05-17 2013-11-14 Toray Ind Inc 炭素繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物および成形品
JP2016033197A (ja) * 2014-07-31 2016-03-10 京セラケミカル株式会社 注形用エポキシ樹脂組成物、点火コイル及び点火コイルの製造方法

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4617588B1 (fr) * 1969-03-06 1971-05-15
JPS487097U (fr) * 1971-06-07 1973-01-26
JPS502100A (fr) * 1973-05-07 1975-01-10
JPH0218445A (ja) * 1988-07-06 1990-01-22 Toshiba Corp 注形用エポキシ樹脂組成物
JPH11286536A (ja) * 1998-02-05 1999-10-19 Tosoh Corp 熱硬化性樹脂組成物
WO2009014270A1 (fr) * 2007-07-26 2009-01-29 Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Composition de résine
JP2013231178A (ja) * 2013-05-17 2013-11-14 Toray Ind Inc 炭素繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂組成物および成形品
JP2016033197A (ja) * 2014-07-31 2016-03-10 京セラケミカル株式会社 注形用エポキシ樹脂組成物、点火コイル及び点火コイルの製造方法

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