WO2018025800A1 - 希土類リン酸塩粒子、それを用いた散乱性向上方法 - Google Patents
希土類リン酸塩粒子、それを用いた散乱性向上方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018025800A1 WO2018025800A1 PCT/JP2017/027689 JP2017027689W WO2018025800A1 WO 2018025800 A1 WO2018025800 A1 WO 2018025800A1 JP 2017027689 W JP2017027689 W JP 2017027689W WO 2018025800 A1 WO2018025800 A1 WO 2018025800A1
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
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- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
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- C01B25/37—Phosphates of heavy metals
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- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
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- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
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- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
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- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/16—Pore diameter
- C01P2006/17—Pore diameter distribution
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- C01P2006/62—L* (lightness axis)
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
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- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
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- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to rare earth phosphate particles.
- the present invention also relates to a method for improving scattering properties using the rare earth phosphate particles.
- a light scattering sheet containing inorganic particles in a transparent resin includes a backlight module of a liquid crystal display device, a screen of an image display device such as a projection television, a transparent screen used for a head-up display, etc. It is used in various optical devices such as instruments. Such a light scattering sheet is required to have excellent light scattering properties while ensuring transparency. For this reason, inorganic materials having a high refractive index such as titania, silica, zirconia, and zinc oxide are used as the inorganic particles.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a curable resin composition containing zinc oxide as a transparent high refractive index material.
- an object of the present invention is to provide particles capable of improving the light scattering property while ensuring the transparency of the base material when placed inside or on the surface of the base material.
- the present invention relates to LnPO 4 (wherein Ln is at least one selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb and Lu. Consisting of aggregate particles in which a plurality of primary particles of the rare earth phosphate represented by The aggregate particle has a volume cumulative particle diameter D 50 in the cumulative volume 50% by volume by laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution measurement method is at 0.1 ⁇ m or 20 ⁇ m or less, The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by providing rare-earth phosphate particles that are disposed inside or on the surface of a substrate and used to cause light scattering.
- the present invention also provides a scattering improvement method for adding the rare earth phosphate particles to a resin sheet substrate to improve the scattering property of the resin sheet substrate.
- the present invention also provides a method for improving the scattering property by arranging the rare earth phosphate particles on the surface of the substrate to improve the scattering property of the substrate.
- the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention are used to cause light scattering by being disposed inside or on the surface of a substrate.
- the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention are arranged in a state of being uniformly dispersed inside the substrate, or are arranged in a state of being unevenly distributed on one surface side of the substrate among the inside of the substrate, It is used to cause scattering of light incident on the base material by being arranged in a state of being uniformly dispersed inside a coating layer provided on the surface of the base material.
- scattering of incident light includes forward scattering and backscattering.
- the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention are used for either or both forward scattering and backscattering.
- scattering includes both forward scattering and backscattering.
- light means light including the wavelength region of visible light.
- the rare earth phosphate particle of the present invention is an aggregate of aggregate particles formed by aggregating a plurality of primary particles composed of a rare earth phosphate represented by LnPO 4 .
- Ln represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb, and Lu.
- the term “aggregate particle” may refer to a powder that is an aggregate of aggregate particles or an individual aggregate particle constituting the powder, depending on the context.
- Rare earth phosphate is a material having a high refractive index. For this reason, when the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention are dispersed in the interior or surface of the substrate, large light scattering occurs.
- Rare earth phosphate is also a material generally having a high Abbe number.
- the present inventors have made various studies on optical characteristics other than the Abbe number.
- the rare earth phosphate has a wavelength dependency of the refractive index compared to other high Abbe number materials such as zirconia. Turned out to be small. That is, it has been found that the variation in the degree of refraction is small when light having various wavelengths is incident. As a result, scattered light with strong contrast can be obtained by using the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention.
- the rare earth element in the rare earth phosphate represented by LnPO 4 is as described above. Among these, since the wavelength dependence of the refractive index is small, at least selected from Y, La, Gd, Yb and Lu It is preferable to use a kind of rare earth element.
- a rare earth element can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the rare earth phosphate used in the present invention may be crystalline or amorphous (amorphous). In general, when rare earth phosphate particles are produced by the method described later, crystalline rare earth phosphate is obtained. When the rare earth phosphate is crystalline, it is preferable from the viewpoint of increasing the refractive index.
- the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention are composed of aggregate particles of primary particles.
- Aggregate particles of primary particles are generally called secondary particles.
- the primary particle is an object recognized as a minimum unit as a particle as judged from an apparent geometric form.
- the primary particles may be rare earth phosphate polycrystals or single crystals.
- the agglomerate particles are composed of aggregates of two or more primary particles. Aggregation of primary particles is caused by, for example, intermolecular force, chemical bonding, or binding by a binder. When rare earth phosphate particles are produced by the method described later, primary particles are aggregated by intermolecular forces and / or chemical bonds.
- the aggregate particles advantageously have a volume cumulative particle diameter D 50 of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less at a cumulative volume of 50% by volume measured by a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measurement method.
- D 50 of the aggregate particles is more preferably from 0.3 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and more preferably from 0.3 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m. More preferably, it is more preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more and 3 ⁇ m or less.
- Aggregate particles having such a particle size can be suitably produced, for example, by a method described later.
- Cumulative volume particle diameter D 50 is measured by the following method. Rare earth phosphate particles are mixed with water and dispersed for 1 minute using a general ultrasonic bath. The apparatus is measured using LS13 320 manufactured by Beckman Coulter.
- the shape is not critical in the present invention.
- the shape of the aggregate particles is various. Generally speaking, the closer the shape of the aggregate particle is to a spherical shape, the higher the scattering property, and also in the resin composition constituting the resin sheet substrate described later and in the resin composition constituting the surface coat layer of the substrate The dispersibility tends to be good.
- the particle size distribution of the aggregate particles can be evaluated using the value of D 99 / D 50 as a scale.
- D 99 represents a volume cumulative particle diameter at a cumulative volume of 99 vol% according to a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measurement method. The closer the value of D 99 / D 50 is to 1, the sharper the particle size distribution of the aggregate particles.
- the value of D 99 / D 50 is preferably 10 or less, more preferably 5 or less, and even more preferably 2.5 or less.
- D 99 can be measured in the same manner as D 50.
- the aggregate particles are aggregates of primary particles of rare earth phosphate, there are pores between the primary particles.
- the aggregate particles had one or more peaks in the range of 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of further improving the scattering property.
- having only one peak in this range is advantageous from the viewpoint of further improving the scattering property.
- the average pore diameter of the pores is preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of further improving the scattering property.
- the average pore diameter is 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less, it is particularly preferable that the average pore diameter is 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 6 ⁇ m or less because the scattering property is further enhanced.
- the aggregate particles may be manufactured by a method described later. Further, the pore size distribution and average pore size of the aggregate particles can be measured, for example, by the following method. It can be measured with a mercury intrusion porosimeter for pore distribution measurement (for example, Auto Pore IV, manufactured by Micromeritics).
- the particle size of the primary particles of the individual rare earth phosphates constituting the aggregate particles is one of the factors affecting the particle size of the aggregate particles.
- the particle size of the primary particles is preferably 10 nm or more and 100 nm or less, more preferably 12 nm or more and 50 nm or less, and further preferably 12 nm or more and 25 nm or less.
- the particle size of the primary particles referred to in the present specification is the primary particle size in terms of BET specific surface area.
- the primary particle diameter in terms of BET specific surface area is measured by the following method.
- the BET specific surface area can be measured by a nitrogen adsorption method using “Flowsorb 2300” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
- the amount of the powder to be measured is 0.3 g, and the preliminary degassing condition is 10 minutes at 120 ° C. under atmospheric pressure.
- the primary particle diameter is calculated by the following equation assuming that the particle shape is spherical.
- d 6000 / (A ⁇ ⁇ )
- d is the primary particle diameter [nm] calculated by calculation
- A is the specific surface area [m 2 / g] measured by the BET single point method
- ⁇ is the density [g / cm 3 ] of the measurement target.
- the crystallinity of the primary particles is the ratio between the crystallite size of the rare earth phosphate particles and the primary particle diameter converted to the BET specific surface area [crystallite size of the rare earth phosphate particles / primary particle diameter converted to the BET specific surface area]. Can be evaluated as a scale. The closer this value is to 1, the higher the crystallinity of the rare earth phosphate primary particles, and the closer to a single crystal.
- the value of [crystallite size of rare earth phosphate particles / primary particle diameter in terms of BET specific surface area] is preferably 0.45 or more, more preferably 0.50 or more, More preferably, it is 0.53 or more.
- the crystallite size of the rare earth phosphate particles can be measured by the following method.
- X-ray diffractometer (Rigaku Corporation RINT-TTR II was used, filled with rare earth phosphate in a dedicated glass holder, and applied with 50kV-300mA voltage-current.
- Sampling angle 0 Measured under the conditions of 0.02 ° and a scanning speed of 4.0 ° / min, the crystallite size is determined by XRD analysis software JADE using the measurement results.
- the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention comprising aggregate particles of primary particles have a high whiteness L *
- the resin composition containing the resin and the rare earth phosphate particles is colored. It is preferable because it is difficult to do.
- the whiteness L * is preferably 70 or more, more preferably 80 or more, and still more preferably 90 or more.
- the lightness of the powder is directly measured using a spectrocolorimeter (manufactured by Konica Minolta, CM-2600d) according to JIS Z8729 “Method of displaying object color by U * V * W * system”. be able to.
- the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention are contained in the resin composition constituting the resin sheet substrate described later and in the resin composition constituting the surface coat layer of the substrate to the extent that the effects of the present invention are not lost.
- the surface can be subjected to lipophilic treatment.
- the lipophilic treatment include treatment with various coupling agents.
- the coupling agent include organometallic compounds. Specifically, a silane coupling agent, a zirconium coupling agent, a titanium coupling agent, an aluminum coupling agent, or the like can be used.
- Silane coupling agents include vinyltrichlorosilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, 2- (3,4 epoxy cyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxy Propylmethyldiethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, p-styryltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane 3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, N-2 (aminoethyl) 3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-2 (aminoethyl) 3-a Nopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-2
- Titanium coupling agents include tetraisopropyl titanate, tetranormal butyl titanate, butyl titanate dimer, tetra (2-ethylhexyl) titanate, tetramethyl titanate, titanium acetylacetonate, titanium tetraacetylacetonate, titanium ethylacetoacetate, titanium octane
- Examples include diolate, titanium lactate, titanium triethanolamate, and polyhydroxytitanium stearate.
- Zirconium coupling agents include zirconium normal propyrate, zirconium normal butyrate, zirconium tetraacetylacetonate, zirconium monoacetylacetonate, zirconium bisacetylacetonate, zirconium monoethylacetoacetate, zirconium acetylacetonate bisethylacetoacetate, Examples thereof include zirconium acetate and zirconium monostearate.
- Aluminum coupling agents include aluminum isopropylate, mono sec-butoxyaluminum diisopropylate, aluminum sec-butyrate, aluminum ethylate, ethyl acetoacetate aluminum diisopropylate, aluminum tris (ethyl acetoacetate), alkyl acetoacetate aluminum di Isopropylate, aluminum monoacetylacetonate bis (ethylacetoacetate), aluminum tris (acetylacetonate), aluminum monoisopropoxymonooleoxyethylacetoacetate, cyclic aluminum oxide isopropylate, cyclic aluminum oxide octylate, cyclic aluminum oxide stearate Rate and so on.
- silane coupling agent When a silane coupling agent is used as the coupling agent, the surface of the rare earth phosphate particles is coated with a silane compound.
- the silane compound preferably has a lipophilic group such as an alkyl group or a substituted alkyl group.
- the alkyl group may be linear or branched. In any case, the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms from the viewpoint of good affinity with the resin.
- an amino group, vinyl group, epoxy group, styryl group, methacryl group, acrylic group, ureido group, mercapto group, sulfide group, isocyanate group and the like can be used as the substituent.
- the amount of the silane compound that coats the surface of the rare earth phosphate particles is 0.01 to 200% by mass, particularly 0.1 to 100% by mass, based on the mass of the rare earth phosphate particles. It is preferable from the viewpoint of good properties.
- the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention can be added to a resin to form a resin composition, which can be used to improve the scattering property of the resin composition.
- a resin composition which can be used to improve the scattering property of the resin composition.
- the form of the resin composition there is no particular limitation on the form of the resin composition, but if the form of the resin sheet, that is, the form in which the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention are dispersed and arranged in the substrate made of the resin sheet, This is advantageous because it can be applied easily.
- grains of this invention can improve the scattering property of the base material which consists of resin sheets by adding this particle
- the type of resin to which the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention are added is not particularly limited, and can be molded thermoplastics. Resins and thermosetting resins can be used. In particular, it is preferable to use a thermoplastic resin because it can be easily formed into a sheet form.
- thermoplastic resins include polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate and polycarbonate, polyacrylic acids such as polyacrylic acid or esters thereof, polymethacrylic acid or esters thereof, etc. Examples thereof include resins, polyvinyl resins such as polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride, and cellulose resins such as triacetyl cellulose.
- the ratio of the rare earth phosphate particles contained in the light scattering sheet takes into consideration the balance between transparency and light scattering properties.
- the total amount of the light scattering sheet is preferably 0.05% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, more preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, and further preferably 0.1% by mass or less. More preferably, the content is 5% by mass or less.
- the thickness of the light scattering sheet is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 3000 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, considering light scattering properties, handling properties, and the like.
- a light scattering sheet composed of a resin composition containing the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention and a resin for example, after kneading the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention into a molten resin, What is necessary is just to shape
- molding methods such as an inflation method, a T-die method, a solution casting method, and a calendar method.
- the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention can improve the scattering property of the substrate by arranging the particles on the surface of the substrate.
- the method for disposing the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention on the surface of the substrate is, for example, preparing a coating liquid by mixing the composition containing the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention, an organic solvent, and a binder resin, What is necessary is just to apply or spray this coating liquid on the surface of a base material using a roller, a spray gun, etc.
- a light scattering member is obtained in which a coating layer composed of the resin composition containing the rare earth phosphate particles and the resin of the present invention is provided on the surface of the substrate.
- Another method for disposing the rare earth phosphate particles of the present invention on the surface of the base material is to use sputtering or the like, without using a binder such as a resin on the surface of the base material. Acid salt particles can also be placed directly.
- a light scattering member (for example, light in which a coat layer is provided on the surface of a sheet-like base material) is provided on the surface of the base material with a coat layer composed of the resin composition containing the rare earth phosphate particles and the resin of the present invention.
- the type of resin contained in the coat layer is not particularly limited, and a general resin can be used as the binder resin.
- resins include polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, and polyacrylic acid such as polyacrylic acid or its ester or polymethacrylic acid or its ester.
- Resin, polyvinyl resin such as polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride, and cellulose resin such as triacetyl cellulose.
- the ratio of the rare earth phosphate particles contained in the coat layer is in consideration of the balance between transparency and light scattering. It is preferable to set it as 0.01 to 90 mass% with respect to the total mass of this coat layer, and it is still more preferable to set it as 0.1 to 65 mass%.
- the light scattering sheet and the light scattering member obtained by such a method are, for example, a transparent screen used for a display, an illumination member, a window member, an electrical decoration member, a light guide plate member, a projector screen, a head-up display, etc. It can be suitably manufactured as an agricultural material such as a greenhouse. Further, the light scattering sheet can be used by being incorporated in an optical device. Examples of such an optical device include mobile devices such as a liquid crystal TV, a personal computer, a tablet, and a smartphone.
- an aqueous solution containing one or more rare earth element sources and an aqueous solution containing a phosphate group are mixed to produce one or more rare earth phosphorus.
- precipitation of rare earth phosphate is caused by adding an aqueous solution containing phosphate radicals to an aqueous solution containing one or more rare earth element sources.
- a production method suitable for the present invention it is possible to synthesize particles having a desired shape by drying the aforementioned precipitate by spray drying or the like, followed by firing.
- the rare earth phosphate particles By carrying out the above-described step of obtaining a precipitate in a heated state, particles having a desired shape and extremely high crystallinity can be obtained. Since water may remain in the rare earth phosphate particles, it is preferable to heat the rare earth phosphate particles at a relatively low temperature for the purpose of removing the water.
- the specific heating temperature is preferably 80 ° C. or higher and 800 ° C. or lower, for example.
- the degree of heating of the aqueous solution containing the rare earth element source is preferably 50 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 70 ° C. or higher and 95 ° C. or lower.
- aggregated particles having a desired D50 and primary particle diameter can be obtained.
- aggregate particles having desired primary particle crystallinity, pore size distribution, average pore size, and whiteness can be obtained.
- the aqueous solution containing the rare earth element source has a rare earth element concentration in the aqueous solution of 0.01 to 1.5 mol / liter, particularly 0.01 to 1 mol / liter, especially 0.01 to 0.5 mol / liter. Is preferably used.
- the rare earth element is preferably in a trivalent ion state or in a complex ion state in which a ligand is coordinated to the trivalent ion.
- a rare earth oxide for example, Ln 2 O 3 or the like
- the total concentration of phosphoric acid species in the aqueous solution is 0.01 to 3 mol / liter, particularly 0.01 to 1 mol / liter, especially 0.01 to 0.5 mol / liter. It is preferable to do.
- An alkali species can also be added for pH adjustment.
- the alkali species for example, basic compounds such as ammonia, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, ethylamine, propylamine, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide can be used.
- the aqueous solution containing the rare earth element source and the aqueous solution containing the phosphate radical are mixed so that the molar ratio of phosphate ions / rare earth element ions is 0.5 to 10, particularly 1 to 10, especially 1 to 5. This is preferable because a precipitated product is often obtained.
- rare earth phosphate particles comprising aggregate particles are obtained as described above, this is subjected to solid-liquid separation according to a conventional method and then washed with water once or a plurality of times. Washing with water is preferably performed until the electrical conductivity of the liquid reaches, for example, 2000 ⁇ S / cm or less.
- Example 1 aggregate particles made of lanthanum phosphate were produced.
- the manufacturing procedure is as described below. 600 g of water is weighed into the glass container 1 and 61.7 g of 60% nitric acid (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and 26.6 g of La 2 O 3 (manufactured by Nippon Yttrium Co., Ltd.) are added and heated to 80 ° C. to dissolve. I let you. In another glass container 2, 600 g of water and 18.8 g of 85% phosphoric acid were added. The contents of the glass container 2 were added to the glass container 1 and aged for 1 hour.
- 60% nitric acid manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- 26.6 g of La 2 O 3 manufactured by Nippon Yttrium Co., Ltd.
- the obtained precipitate was washed by decantation washing until the conductivity of the supernatant was 100 ⁇ S / cm or less. After washing, it was separated into solid and liquid by vacuum filtration, dried in air at 120 ° C. for 5 hours, and then fired in air at 450 ° C. for 3 hours.
- Example 2 aggregate particles made of gadolinium phosphate were produced.
- the production procedure was the same as that in Example 1 except that 29.6 g of Gd 2 O 3 (manufactured by Japan Yttrium Co.) was used instead of La 2 O 3 in the Examples.
- Example 3 In this example, aggregate particles made of yttrium phosphate were produced. The production procedure was the same as that in Example 1 except that 18.8 g of Y 2 O 3 (manufactured by Japan Yttrium Co.) was used instead of La 2 O 3 in Example 1.
- Example 4 In Example 3, the production procedure was the same as Example 3 except that the firing temperature in the atmosphere was changed from 450 ° C to 800 ° C.
- Example 5 aggregate particles made of yttrium phosphate were produced.
- the manufacturing procedure is as follows. In the same manner as in Example 4, aggregate particles composed of yttrium phosphate were obtained. Then, 10 g of yttrium phosphate and 20 g of pure water were mixed, and the resulting slurry was pulverized for 5 hours using a paint shaker. After pulverization, the cake obtained by solid-liquid separation was vacuum dried.
- Example 6 In this example, aggregate particles made of lutetium phosphate were produced. The production procedure was the same as in Example 3 except that 33.1 g of Lu 2 O 3 (manufactured by Japan Yttrium Co.) was used instead of Y 2 O 3 in Example 3.
- Lu 2 O 3 manufactured by Japan Yttrium Co.
- Example 7 In this example, aggregate particles made of ytterbium phosphate were produced. The production procedure was the same as that in Example 3 except that 32.8 g of Yb 2 O 3 (manufactured by Japan Yttrium Co.) was used instead of Y 2 O 3 in Example 3.
- Example 8 In this example, aggregate particles made of dysprodium phosphate were produced. The production procedure was the same as that in Example 3 except that 31.1 g of Dy 2 O 3 (manufactured by Japan Yttrium Co.) was used instead of Y 2 O 3 in Example 3.
- Dy 2 O 3 manufactured by Japan Yttrium Co.
- Example 9 In this example, aggregate particles made of europium phosphate were produced. The production procedure was the same as that in Example 3 except that 29.3 g of Eu 2 O 3 (manufactured by Japan Yttrium Co.) was used instead of Y 2 O 3 in Example 3.
- the solution in the glass container 1 and the solution in the glass container 2 were each sent to a homogenizer at 10 mL / min, and were simultaneously added and mixed in the homogenizer.
- the rotation speed of the homogenizer was set to 20000 rpm.
- the precipitate was washed by decantation washing until the supernatant conductivity was 100 ⁇ S / cm or less.
- solid-liquid separation was performed by vacuum filtration.
- the obtained precipitate was dried in air at 120 ° C. for 5 hours and further calcined in air at 800 ° C. for 5 hours.
- the main difference between the production method of Example 1 and the production method of Comparative Example 1 is in the method of obtaining a precipitate of rare earth phosphate and the firing conditions of the precipitate after solid-liquid separation.
- Comparative Example 2 In this comparative example, aggregate particles made of yttrium phosphate were produced. The production procedure was the same as in Example 1 except that 4.2 g of Y 2 O 3 was used instead of Lu 2 O 3 in the example.
- X-ray diffractometer (RINT-TTR II manufactured by Rigaku Corporation) was used to fill a dedicated glass holder with rare earth phosphate and apply a voltage-current of 50 kV-300 mA to generate a sampling angle of 0
- the crystallite size was measured by the XRD analysis software JADE using the measurement results under the conditions of 0.02 ° and a scanning speed of 4.0 ° / min.
- the primary particle diameter in terms of BET specific surface area was measured.
- the BET specific surface area was measured by a nitrogen adsorption method using “Flowsorb 2300” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
- the amount of the measured powder was 0.3 g, and the preliminary degassing conditions were 10 minutes at 120 ° C. under atmospheric pressure.
- the primary particle diameter was calculated by the following formula, assuming that the particle shape is spherical.
- d 6000 / (A ⁇ ⁇ )
- d is the primary particle diameter [nm] calculated by calculation
- A is the specific surface area [m 2 / g] measured by the BET single point method
- ⁇ is the density [g / cm 3 ] of the measurement target.
- the rare earth phosphate aggregate particles obtained in each Example are used, the permeability is higher than that of zirconia and titania, which are conventionally known high refractive index materials. It can be seen that the scattering property can be improved without loss. Therefore, it turns out that the rare earth phosphate particle
- the light scattering properties can be improved while ensuring the transparency of the substrate by arranging the particles inside or on the surface of the substrate.
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Abstract
Description
前記凝集体粒子は、レーザー回折散乱式粒度分布測定法による累積体積50容量%における体積累積粒径D50が0.1μm以上20μm以下であり、
基材の内部又は表面に配置されて光散乱を生じさせるために用いられる希土類リン酸塩粒子を提供することにより前記の課題を解決したものである。
BET比表面積の測定は、島津製作所社製の「フローソーブ2300」を用い、窒素吸着法で測定することができる。測定粉末の量は0.3gとし、予備脱気条件は大気圧下、120℃で10分間とする。
そして、測定されたBET比表面積より、一次粒子径は、粒子形状が球形と仮定して、次式にて計算される。
d=6000/(A・ρ)
ここでdが計算により算出される一次粒子径[nm]、AはBET一点法で測定される比表面積[m2/g]、ρは測定対象の密度[g/cm3]である。
本実施例では、リン酸ランタンからなる凝集体粒子を製造した。製造の手順は以下に述べるとおりである。
ガラス容器1に水600gを計量し、60%硝酸(和光純薬工業社製)61.7g、La2O3(日本イットリウム社製)26.6gを添加し、80℃に加温して溶解させた。別のガラス容器2に水600g、85%リン酸18.8gを添加した。
ガラス容器1へガラス容器2の内容物を添加し、1時間エージングを行った。得られた沈殿物をデカンテーション洗浄により、上澄みの導電率が100μS/cm以下になるまで洗浄を行った。洗浄後、減圧濾過で固液分離し、大気中で120℃×5時間乾燥させたのち、大気中で450℃×3時間焼成した。
本実施例では、リン酸ガドリニウムからなる凝集体粒子を製造した。製造の手順は、実施例において、La2O3に代えて29.6gのGd2O3(日本イットリウム社製)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様とした。
本実施例では、リン酸イットリウムからなる凝集体粒子を製造した。製造の手順は、実施例1において、La2O3に代えて18.8gのY2O3(日本イットリウム社製)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様とした。
実施例3において、製造の手順を、大気中での焼成温度を450℃から800℃に変更した以外は実施例3と同様とした。
本実施例では、リン酸イットリウムからなる凝集体粒子を製造した。製造の手順を次に示す。実施例4と同様にしてリン酸イットリウムからなる凝集体粒子を得た。そして、リン酸イットリウム10gと純水20gと混合し、それによって得られたスラリーを、ペイントシェイカーを用いて、5時間にわたりリン酸イットリウムの粉砕を行った。粉砕後、固液分離して得られたケーキを真空乾燥した。
本実施例では、リン酸ルテチウムからなる凝集体粒子を製造した。製造の手順は、実施例3において、Y2O3に代えて33.1gのLu2O3(日本イットリウム社製)を用いた以外は実施例3と同様とした。
本実施例では、リン酸イッテルビウムからなる凝集体粒子を製造した。製造の手順は、実施例3において、Y2O3に代えて32.8gのYb2O3(日本イットリウム社製)を用いた以外は実施例3と同様とした。
本実施例では、リン酸ジスプロジウムからなる凝集体粒子を製造した。製造の手順は、実施例3において、Y2O3に代えて31.1gのDy2O3(日本イットリウム社製)を用いた以外は実施例3と同様とした。
本実施例では、リン酸ユウロピウムからなる凝集体粒子を製造した。製造の手順は、実施例3において、Y2O3に代えて29.3gのEu2O3(日本イットリウム社製)を用いた以外は実施例3と同様とした。
本比較例では、リン酸ルテチウムからなる凝集体粒子を製造した。製造の手順は以下に述べるとおりである。
ガラス容器1に水370gを計量し、80℃に加温し、60%硝酸(和光純薬工業社製)14.4gを添加した。更にLu2O3(日本イットリウム社製)7.4gを添加し、完全に溶解させた。次に別のガラス容器2に水390g、85%リン酸5.3g、25%アンモニア水9.3gを添加した。ガラス容器1の溶液とガラス容器2の溶液とをそれぞれ10mL/minでホモジナイザーへ送液し、ホモジナイザー中に同時添加して混合した。ホモジナイザーの回転数は20000rpmに設定した。混合終了後、沈殿物をデカンテーション洗浄により、上澄みの導電率が100μS/cm以下になるまで洗浄を行った。洗浄終了後、減圧濾過で固液分離した。得られた沈殿物を大気中で120℃×5h乾燥させ、更に大気中800℃×5h焼成した。
なお、実施例1の製造方法と比較例1の製造方法との主な違いは、希土類リン酸塩の沈殿物を得る方法と、固液分離後の沈殿物の焼成条件にある。
本比較例では、リン酸イットリウムからなる凝集体粒子を製造した。製造の手順は、実施例において、Lu2O3に代えて4.2gのY2O3を用いた以外は実施例1と同様とした。
本比較例では、和光純薬工業社製の酸化ジルコニウム粒子を用いた。
本比較例では、和光純薬工業社製の酸化チタン(アナターゼ型)を用いた。
実施例及び比較例で得られた凝集体粒子について、D50、D99/D50、結晶子サイズ、一次粒子径、白色度L*、細孔径分布のピーク位置及び平均細孔径を以下の方法で測定した。また、以下の方法で散乱性及び透過性を評価した。それらの結果を以下の表1に示す。
希土類リン酸塩粒子0.1gを水10mlと混合し、超音波分散器(アズワン社製、ASU-10)を用いて1分間分散処理を行った。装置はベックマンコールター社製LS13 320を用いて、D50及びD99を測定し、D99/D50を算出した。
X線回折装置(リガク社製 RINT-TTR IIを用い、専用のガラスホルダーに希土類リン酸塩を充填し、50kV-300mAの電圧-電流を印加して発生させたCu Kα線によって、サンプリング角0.02°、走査速度4.0°/minの条件で測定した。測定結果を用いてXRD解析ソフトウエアJADEにより結晶子サイズを求めた。
BET比表面積換算の一次粒子径を測定した。
BET比表面積の測定は、島津製作所社製の「フローソーブ2300」を用い、窒素吸着法で測定した。測定粉末の量は0.3gとし、予備脱気条件は大気圧下、120℃で10分間とした。
そして、測定されたBET比表面積より、一次粒子径は、粒子形状が球形と仮定して、次式にて計算した。
d=6000/(A・ρ)
ここでdが計算により算出される一次粒子径[nm]、AはBET一点法で測定される比表面積[m2/g]、ρは測定対象の密度[g/cm3]である。
分光測色計(コニカミノルタ製、CM-2600d)を用いてJIS Z8729「U*V*W*系による物体色の表示方法」に従って直接粉体の明度を測定した。
細孔分布測定用水銀圧入ポロシメーター(マイクロメリティックス社製、Auto Pore IV)により測定した。2つの数値が記載されている例は、ピークが2つ観察されたことを意味する。
アクリル樹脂(三菱レイヨン社製、品名:ダイヤナールLR-167)の固形分100部に対して、実施例及び比較例の粒子を100部添加し、固形分率が50%になるように、トルエン及び1-ブタノールとからなる混合溶媒で希釈し、ペイントシェイカーで60分間混合して、塗工液を調製した。
次に、この塗工液を、ポリカーボネートシート(タキロン社製、厚み:2mm)にバーコーター(#3)を用いて塗工し、80℃で5分間乾燥させ、光散乱層とポリカーボネート基材層とからなる光散乱シートを得た。
当該光散乱シートの散乱性は、レーザーポインタを光散乱シートに向けて照射し、光散乱シートに映ったポイント画像の鮮明性を下記基準により目視により評価した。
[散乱性の評価基準]
○:ポイント画像が鮮明である。
×:ポイント画像がぼやけており、不鮮明である。
また、当該光散乱シートの透明性は、下記基準により目視により評価した。
[透明性の評価基準]
○:透明
×:白濁又は半透明
Claims (14)
- LnPO4(式中、Lnは、Sc、Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Yb及びLuからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素を表す。)で表される希土類リン酸塩の一次粒子が複数凝集した凝集体粒子からなり、
前記凝集体粒子は、レーザー回折散乱式粒度分布測定法による累積体積50容量%における体積累積粒径D50が0.1μm以上20μm以下であり、
基材の内部又は表面に配置されて光散乱を生じさせるために用いられる希土類リン酸塩粒子。 - 前記凝集体粒子のレーザー回折散乱式粒度分布測定法による累積体積99容量%における体積累積粒径D99と、前記D50との比であるD99/D50の値が10以下である請求項1に記載の希土類リン酸塩粒子。
- BET比表面積換算の一次粒子径が10nm以上100nm以下である請求項1又は2に記載の希土類リン酸塩粒子。
- 前記希土類リン酸塩粒子の結晶子サイズ/BET比表面積換算の一次粒子径の値が0.45以上である請求項1ないし3のいずれか一項に記載の希土類リン酸塩粒子。
- 白色度L*が70以上である請求項1ないし4のいずれか一項に記載の希土類リン酸塩粒子。
- 細孔径分布において0.2μm以上10μm以下の範囲に1個以上のピークを有する請求項1ないし5のいずれか一項に記載の希土類リン酸塩粒子。
- 細孔径分布において0.2μm以上10μm以下の範囲にピークを1個のみ有する請求項6に記載の希土類リン酸塩粒子。
- 平均細孔径が0.2μm以上10μm以下である請求項1ないし7のいずれか一項に記載の希土類リン酸塩粒子。
- 請求項1ないし8のいずれか一項に記載の希土類リン酸塩粒子を樹脂シート基材に添加して、該樹脂シート基材の散乱性を向上させる散乱性向上方法。
- 請求項1ないし8のいずれか一項に記載の希土類リン酸塩粒子を基材の表面に配置して、該基材の散乱性を向上させる散乱性向上方法。
- 請求項1ないし8のいずれか一項に記載の希土類リン酸塩粒子及び樹脂を含む樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1ないし8のいずれか一項に記載の希土類リン酸塩粒子及び樹脂を含む樹脂組成物から構成される光散乱シート。
- 請求項1ないし8のいずれか一項に記載の希土類リン酸塩粒子及び樹脂を含む樹脂組成物から構成されるコート層が基材の表面に設けられた光散乱部材。
- 請求項12に記載の光散乱シート又は請求項13に記載の光散乱部材を備えた光学デバイス。
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WO2020095566A1 (ja) | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-14 | リケンテクノス株式会社 | 光拡散層形成用塗料、プロジェクションスクリーン用フィルム、及びプロジェクションスクリーン |
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WO2020031598A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-07 | 2020-02-13 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | 光拡散部材、並びにこれを用いた光拡散構造体及び発光構造体 |
JPWO2020031598A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-07 | 2021-03-18 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | 光拡散部材、並びにこれを用いた光拡散構造体及び発光構造体 |
KR20210040362A (ko) | 2018-08-07 | 2021-04-13 | 미쓰이금속광업주식회사 | 광 확산 부재, 그리고 이것을 사용한 광 확산 구조체 및 발광 구조체 |
WO2020095566A1 (ja) | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-14 | リケンテクノス株式会社 | 光拡散層形成用塗料、プロジェクションスクリーン用フィルム、及びプロジェクションスクリーン |
KR20210087455A (ko) | 2018-11-06 | 2021-07-12 | 리껭테크노스 가부시키가이샤 | 광 확산층 형성용 도료, 프로젝션 스크린용 필름 및 프로젝션 스크린 |
EP3879340A4 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2022-08-10 | Riken Technos Corporation | COATING MATERIAL FOR FORMING LIGHT DIFFUSING LAYER, FILM FOR PROJECTION SCREEN, AND PROJECTION SCREEN |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP6605148B2 (ja) | 2019-11-13 |
EP3495319A4 (en) | 2020-01-29 |
KR102166364B1 (ko) | 2020-10-15 |
US20190233298A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
JPWO2018025800A1 (ja) | 2019-02-28 |
CN109476485B (zh) | 2022-04-12 |
EP3495319A1 (en) | 2019-06-12 |
CN109476485A (zh) | 2019-03-15 |
KR20190017980A (ko) | 2019-02-20 |
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