WO2018010692A1 - Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉及功能面釉 - Google Patents

Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉及功能面釉 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018010692A1
WO2018010692A1 PCT/CN2017/092926 CN2017092926W WO2018010692A1 WO 2018010692 A1 WO2018010692 A1 WO 2018010692A1 CN 2017092926 W CN2017092926 W CN 2017092926W WO 2018010692 A1 WO2018010692 A1 WO 2018010692A1
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Prior art keywords
glaze
enamel
steel
controlled
product
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PCT/CN2017/092926
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
康立华
盛伟
黄晓放
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江西科盛环保股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2018010692A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018010692A1/zh
Priority to US16/248,123 priority Critical patent/US11014846B2/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
    • C03C8/20—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing titanium compounds; containing zirconium compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
    • C03C8/06—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/11—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen
    • C03C3/112—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen containing fluorine
    • C03C3/115—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen containing fluorine containing boron
    • C03C3/118—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen containing fluorine containing boron containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
    • C03C4/20—Compositions for glass with special properties for chemical resistant glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D11/00—Continuous processes; Apparatus therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2204/00—Glasses, glazes or enamels with special properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2207/00—Compositions specially applicable for the manufacture of vitreous enamels
    • C03C2207/02—Compositions specially applicable for the manufacture of vitreous enamels containing ingredients for securing a good bond between the vitrified enamel and the metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2207/00—Compositions specially applicable for the manufacture of vitreous enamels
    • C03C2207/04—Compositions specially applicable for the manufacture of vitreous enamels for steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
    • C23D5/02—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers by wet methods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of steel surface composite materials, in particular to a Q345 (ie American standard A572MGr and A633MGr) hot-rolled alloy steel double-sided enamel anti-scale porcelain glaze and functional surface glaze.
  • Q345 ie American standard A572MGr and A633MGr
  • Double-sided enamel is applied to the surface of hot-rolled steel.
  • the scale explosion is the most prone to occur in production and the most serious defect.
  • the exposure of such defects is often lagging, sometimes only days or even months, which causes great troubles and troubles for the quality of the manufacturer's products, and even causes serious quality accidents and economic problems. huge loss.
  • the hydrogen dissolved in the steel and the hydrogen introduced by the surface treatment, and the hydrogen formed during the calcination process are dissolved in the steel substrate during the calcination process, and the crucible is cooled.
  • hydrogen will overflow the pressure porcelain layer, which is the main cause of scale explosion, which is also recognized as the "hydrogenation theory.” But there is no ideal way to prevent it from happening.
  • the first is the modification of steel, mainly through the zero-carbon treatment and the addition of solid-state functional alloys to reduce the danger of hydrogen spillage.
  • Many steel companies have therefore introduced a variety of special steel plates for enamel. From the perspective of the use effect, the cold-rolled steel plate for enamel has a certain effect on preventing scale explosion, but there is no record that can completely prevent scale explosion. Especially for hot-rolled steel, there is no product that guarantees that no scale explosion will occur at all.
  • the second is to find a solution in the simmering process, such as the so-called "heat insulation firing", that is, high temperature insulation for several hours before and after simmering, in order to maximize the overflow of hydrogen. Although this process is effective, it does not guarantee the complete prevention of scale explosion, and at the same time greatly increases the cost and is not environmentally friendly.
  • the invention relates to a double-sided enamel anti-scale porcelain glaze and a functional surface glaze of Q345 hot-rolled alloy steel, and the enamel design concept is updated, and a broader spectrum anti-scale glaze and functional surface glaze are invented by means of unblocking and combining. After repeated testing and quality tracking, it can be applied to elements containing C, P, S, etc., which are considered to be harmful and Q345 containing a variety of common alloying elements.
  • the following grades of steel The industrial enamel products made of the anti-scale enamel enamel and the functional glaze are both in the breadth of the steel material which can be double-sided enamel, in improving the mechanical strength of the enamel product, and in reducing the cost of the double-sided enamel industrial product. New steps.
  • Double-sided enamel Q345 surface composite component materials such as enamel assembly tanks and assembled water tanks for biogas engineering and sewage treatment engineering, enamel liners for mine chutes, enamel anti-corrosion pipes for petrochemicals, The enamel-assembled chimney wall of large chimneys and seawater-resistant enamel pipes for nuclear power plants have a wide range of market demands.
  • the invention neither uses the expensive special enamel steel (the enamel special steel can not ensure that the scale explosion does not occur at all), and does not need to use the complicated and expensive enamel heat preservation process (this process is not mature at present), and utilizes the enamel and the second In the second firing process, an inexpensive double-sided enamel structural member adapted to various functions is prepared by using a double-sided anti-scaling glaze of ordinary Q345 material and then spraying a functional enamel glaze.
  • the invention provides a Q345 hot-rolled alloy steel double-sided enamel anti-scale blasting glaze and functional surface glaze, specifically:
  • the enamel is mixed with a common grinding material, bismuth molybdate, borax, nitrite, cerium oxide, etc. by ball milling.
  • the glaze slurry polished by the ball is adjusted for bulk density and adhesion according to different materials and different products, and the thickness of the porcelain layer is controlled at 0.1-0.3 mm, and the reference temperature of the firing is controlled at 850-950 ° C.
  • the time depends on the hue, luster and adhesion of the porcelain surface.
  • the dipping capacity is controlled at 168-175 (g/100 ml) and the dusting control is at 162-168 (g/100 ml)
  • the above chemical composition it is converted into a chemical raw material weight ratio formula, fully stirred and mixed, melted in a rotary kiln at 1200-1350 ° C, and then cold quenched.
  • the enamel is mixed with a common grinding material, bismuth molybdate, borax, nitrite, cerium oxide, etc. by ball milling.
  • the glaze slurry polished by the ball is adjusted according to different materials and different products to adjust the bulk density and the amount of adhesion.
  • the thickness of the porcelain layer is controlled at 0.1-0.3 mm, and the reference temperature of the firing is controlled at 820-880 ° C. The time depends on the hue, luster and adhesion of the porcelain surface.
  • the above chemical composition it is converted into a chemical raw material weight ratio formula, fully stirred and mixed, melted in a rotary kiln at 1200-1350 ° C, and then cold quenched.
  • it is converted into a chemical raw material weight ratio formula, fully stirred and mixed, and rotated at 1200-1350 °C. It is melted in a furnace and then cold quenched.
  • the enamel is mixed with a common grinding material, bismuth molybdate, borax, nitrite, cerium oxide, etc. by ball milling.
  • the glaze slurry polished by the ball is adjusted according to different materials and different products to adjust the bulk density and the amount of adhesion.
  • the thickness of the porcelain layer is controlled at 0.1-0.3 mm, and the reference temperature of the firing is controlled at 850-900 ° C. The time depends on the hue, luster and adhesion of the porcelain surface.
  • the Q345 hot-rolled alloy steel double-sided enamel anti-scale porcelain glaze and functional surface glaze provided by the invention renew the enamel design concept, and the method for unblocking and combining can be applied to C, P, S and the like which are considered to be harmful. Elements and Q345 and various grades of steel with a variety of common alloying elements.
  • the industrial enamel products made of the anti-scale enamel enamel and the functional glaze are both in the breadth of the steel material which can be double-sided enamel, in improving the mechanical strength of the enamel product, and in reducing the cost of the double-sided enamel industrial product. New steps.
  • the invention neither uses the expensive special enamel steel (the enamel special steel can not ensure that the scale explosion does not occur at all), and does not need to use the complicated and expensive enamel heat preservation process (this process is not mature at present), and utilizes the enamel and the second
  • the second-burning process is to realize the cheap double-sided enamel structure which is suitable for various functions by the double-sided anti-scaling glaze of ordinary Q345 material and then spraying the functional enamel glaze.
  • composition of the enamel glaze and the weight percentage of each component are: Al 2 O 3 3%, SiO 2 62%, B 2 O 3 14%, Na 2 O+K 2 O+Li 2 O 11.7%, CaF 2 3%, ZrO 2 3%, CoO+NiO 2%, BaMoO 4 + Sb 2 O 3 1%, WO 3 0.3%.
  • the prepared enamel bottom glaze is ball milled with a common grinding additive, bismuth molybdate, borax, nitrite, cerium oxide, etc. according to different grinding ratios.
  • the ball glaze is ground, according to different materials, different products, adjust the bulk density and adhesion, dip, the thickness of the porcelain layer is controlled at 0.2 mm, the firing temperature is controlled at 850-950 ° C, and the firing time is based on the color of the porcelain surface. , gloss and closeness.
  • the typical dip weight is controlled at 168 (g/100 ml).
  • composition of the enamel glaze and the weight percentage of each component are: Al 2 O 3 6%, SiO 2 60%, B 2 O 3 10%, Na 2 O+K 2 O+Li 2 O 10%, CaF 2 3.5%, ZrO 2 3.5%, CoO+NiO 2.5%, BaMoO 4 + Sb 2 O 3 3%, WO 3 1.5%.
  • the prepared enamel bottom glaze is ball milled with a common grinding additive, bismuth molybdate, borax, nitrite, cerium oxide, etc. according to different grinding ratios.
  • the glaze slurry polished by the ball is adjusted according to different materials and different products, and the powder density is controlled.
  • the thickness of the porcelain layer is controlled at 0.3 mm, the firing temperature is controlled at 850-950 ° C, and the firing time is determined by the hues of the porcelain surface. , gloss and closeness.
  • Typical wet dusting is controlled at 162 (g/100 ml).
  • composition of the enamel glaze and the weight percentage of each component are: Al 2 O 3 3%, SiO 2 60%, B 2 O 3 11%, Na 2 O+K 2 O+Li 2 O 15%, CaF 2 3%, ZrO 2 3%, CoO+NiO 2.5%, BaMoO 4 + Sb 2 O 3 2%, WO 3 0.5%.
  • the prepared enamel bottom glaze is ball milled with a common grinding additive, bismuth molybdate, borax, nitrite, cerium oxide, etc. according to different grinding ratios.
  • the glaze slurry polished by the ball is adjusted according to different materials and different products to adjust the bulk density and the amount of adhesion, and the thickness of the porcelain layer is controlled at 0.1 mm.
  • the firing temperature is controlled at 850-950 ° C, and the firing time depends on the hue, gloss and adhesion of the porcelain surface.
  • the typical dip weight is controlled at 175 (g/100 ml).
  • composition of the alkali-resistant zirconium glaze and the weight percentage of each component are: Al 2 O 3 3%, SiO 2 65%, B 2 O 3 8%, SrO 3%, Na 2 O+K 2 O+ Li 2 O 10%, Na 2 SiF 6 2%, ZrO 2 6%, Cr 2 O 3 + MnO 2 3%.
  • the enamel is mixed with a common grinding material, bismuth molybdate, borax, nitrite, cerium oxide, etc. by ball milling.
  • the ball glaze is ground, according to different materials, different products, adjust the bulk density and adhesion, dip, the thickness of the porcelain layer is controlled at 0.1 mm, the firing reference temperature is controlled at 820-880 ° C, and the firing time is based on the porcelain surface. Hue, luster and adhesion.
  • composition of the alkali-resistant zirconium glaze and the weight percentage of each component are: Al 2 O 3 2%, SiO 2 57%, B 2 O 3 6%, SrO 4%, Na 2 O+K 2 O+ Li 2 O 14%, Na 2 SiF 6 5%, ZrO 2 10%, Cr 2 O 3 + MnO 2 2%.
  • the enamel is mixed with a common grinding material, bismuth molybdate, borax, nitrite, cerium oxide, etc. by ball milling.
  • the glaze slurry polished by the ball is adjusted according to different materials and different products, and the powder weight is controlled.
  • the thickness of the porcelain layer is controlled at 0.3 mm, the reference temperature of the firing is controlled at 820-880 ° C, and the firing time is regarded as the porcelain surface. Hue, luster and adhesion.
  • composition of the alkali-resistant zirconium glaze and the weight percentage of each component are: Al 2 O 3 1%, SiO 2 55%, B 2 O 3 5%, SrO 3%, Na 2 O+K 2 O+ Li 2 O 15%, Na 2 SiF 6 6%, ZrO 2 10%, Cr 2 O 3 + MnO 2 5%.
  • the enamel is mixed with a common grinding material, bismuth molybdate, borax, nitrite, cerium oxide, etc. by ball milling.
  • the glaze slurry polished by the ball is adjusted according to different materials and different products, and the powder density is controlled.
  • the thickness of the porcelain layer is controlled at 0.2 mm, the reference temperature of the firing is controlled at 820-880 ° C, and the firing time is regarded as the porcelain surface. Hue, luster and adhesion.
  • composition of the acid-resistant blue glaze and the weight percentage of each component are: Al 2 O 3 3%, SiO 2 70%, B 2 O 3 5%, SrO 3%, Na 2 O+K 2 O+Li 2 O 10%, Na 2 SiF 6 2%, ZrO 2 3%, TiO 2 3%, CoO 1%.
  • the enamel is mixed with a common grinding material, bismuth molybdate, borax, nitrite, cerium oxide, etc. by ball milling.
  • the glaze slurry polished by the ball is adjusted according to different materials and different products, and the powder density is controlled.
  • the thickness of the porcelain layer is controlled at 0.3 mm, the firing temperature is controlled at 850-950 ° C, and the firing time is determined by the hues of the porcelain surface. , gloss and closeness.
  • Typical wet dusting is controlled at 168 (g/100 ml).
  • composition of the acid-resistant blue glaze and the weight percentage of each component are: Al 2 O 3 3%, SiO 2 63%, B 2 O 3 5%, SrO 3%, Na 2 O+K 2 O+Li 2 O 14%, Na 2 SiF 6 2%, ZrO 2 3%, TiO 2 6%, CoO 1%.
  • the enamel is mixed with a common grinding material, bismuth molybdate, borax, nitrite, cerium oxide, etc. by ball milling.
  • the ball glaze is ground, according to different materials, different products, adjust the bulk density and adhesion, dip, the thickness of the porcelain layer is controlled at 0.1 mm, the firing temperature is controlled at 850-950 ° C, and the firing time depends on the color of the porcelain surface. , gloss and closeness.
  • the typical dip weight is controlled at 168 (g/100 ml).
  • composition of the acid-resistant blue glaze and the weight percentage of each component are: Al 2 O 3 1%, SiO 2 62%, B 2 O 3 6%, SrO 6%, Na 2 O+K 2 O+Li 2 O 11%, Na 2 SiF 6 4%, ZrO 2 4%, TiO 2 4%, CoO 2%.
  • the enamel is mixed with a common grinding material, bismuth molybdate, borax, nitrite, cerium oxide, etc. by ball milling.
  • the ball glaze is ground, according to different materials, different products, adjust the bulk density and adhesion, dip, the thickness of the porcelain layer is controlled at 0.2 mm, the firing temperature is controlled at 850-950 ° C, and the firing time is based on the color of the porcelain surface. , gloss and closeness.
  • the typical dip weight is controlled at 175 (g/100 ml).
  • the enamel bottom glaze and the functional surface glaze prepared by the technical scheme of the invention are suitable for surface treatment of pickling, shot blasting, sand blasting, etc. of different thicknesses of 3-40 mm, such as Q345A, B, C, D, E, etc., or Structural profiles such as untreated hot-rolled steel sheets, steel pipes, angle steels, and I-beams. It is used for single-sided or partial enamel, which can achieve excellent anti-scale effect.
  • the Q345 hot-rolled alloy steel double-sided enamel anti-scale enamel and functional glaze of the invention has updated the enamel design concept, and invented a broader spectrum of anti-scale glaze and functional glaze by means of unblocking and combining. After repeated testing and quality tracking, it can be applied to Q345 and other grades of steel containing C, P, S and other considered to be harmful elements and containing a variety of common alloying elements.
  • the industrial enamel products made of the anti-scale enamel enamel and the functional glaze are both in the breadth of the steel material which can be double-sided enamel, in improving the mechanical strength of the enamel product, and in reducing the cost of the double-sided enamel industrial product. New steps.
  • the invention neither uses the expensive special enamel steel (the enamel special steel can not ensure that the scale explosion does not occur at all), and does not need to use the complicated and expensive enamel heat preservation process (this process is not mature at present), and utilizes the enamel and the second
  • the second-burning process is to realize the cheap double-sided enamel structure which is suitable for various functions by the double-sided anti-scaling glaze of ordinary Q345 material and then spraying the functional enamel glaze.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉及功能面釉，搪瓷底釉的组分及各组分的重量百分含量是：Al 2O 3 3-6％，SiO 260-70％；B 2O 3 10-15％，Na 2O+K 2O+Li 2O 10-15％，CaF 2 3-6％，ZrO 23-6％，CoO+NiO 2-5％，BaMoO 4+Sb 2O 3 1-3％，WO 3 0.3-1.5％；按上述化学组成换算的化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。所提供的Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉及功能面釉，可适用于含C、P、S等被认为的是有害的元素和含有多种普通合金元素的Q345钢材。

Description

Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉及功能面釉
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2016年7月15日提交中国国家知识产权局的申请号为CN201610559592X、名称为“Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉及功能面釉”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及钢材表面复合材料领域，具体而言，涉及一种Q345(即美国标准的A572MGr和A633MGr)热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉及功能面釉。
背景技术
钢材是全球使用最广泛的力学性能优越的廉价金属材料，但铁元素在环境中容易氧化生锈，尤其耐酸碱腐蚀性能较差。近年来冶金工业开发出多种专用的不锈钢、耐候钢、耐多种介质腐蚀的专用钢材，但针对众多的腐蚀介质，目前尚无既有良好的力学性能，又有价廉的耐蚀性价比的产品。Q345钢材(即美国标准的A572MGr和A633MGr钢材)，无论是板、管、结构型材几乎都可满足绝大多数工程条件的力学性能要求，目前其广泛用作建筑、桥梁、车辆、船舶以及压力容 器等的工程结构钢。因此，在Q345热轧材双表面复合耐腐蚀的搪瓷材料，具有十分重要的现实意义和经济价值。在热轧钢材表面实施双面搪瓷，鳞爆是生产中最容易出现的，也是危害最严重的缺陷。然而，这类缺陷的暴露常常是滞后的，有时要隔数天甚至数月才发生，这就给生产厂商的产品质量带来很大的困扰和麻烦，甚至造成严重的质量事故和经济上的巨大损失。按现代金属搪瓷学的理论，熔于钢材中的氢和表面处理带入的氢、以及搪烧过程中反应生成的氢，在搪烧过程中溶入钢板基材中，搪烧制成冷却后，或外界温变时，氢会溢出压迫瓷层，这是造成鳞爆的主要原因，也就是公认的“溢氢学说”。但对于怎样防止，众说纷纭，尚无理想的方法。目前国内外，主要通过以下方法来解决上述问题。首先是钢材改性，主要通过趋零碳处理和加入固氢的功能团合金，降低氢溢出的危害。许多钢铁企业因此推出了多种搪瓷专用钢板。从使用效果看，搪瓷专用冷轧钢板对于防止鳞爆有一定的效果，但没有可以完全防止鳞爆的记录。尤其对于热轧钢材，尚无产品能保证完全不发生鳞爆。其次是在搪烧工艺上寻求解决方案，比如所谓“保温烧成”，即搪烧前后数小时高温保温，力求最大限度溢出氢。虽然这种工艺有效果，但也不能保证完全防止鳞爆的发生，同时既很大程度地增加了成本，也很不环保。
本发明涉及一种Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉及功能面釉，更新了瓷釉设计理念，以疏堵结合的办法，发明了更广谱的防鳞爆釉及功能面釉。经过反复测试使用和质量跟踪证明，其可适用于含C、P、S等被认为是有害的元素和含有多种普通合金元素的Q345及 以下各品级钢材。该防鳞爆瓷釉和功能面釉制造的工业搪瓷制品，无论在可双面搪瓷的钢铁材料广度，在改进搪瓷制品的力学强度，还是在降低双面搪瓷工业制品的成本上，都上了一个新的台阶。
在环保意识日益加强及工业生产要求更高的今天，诸如一些水处理设施、医药化工设施、石油化工设施、矿山设施、海水淡化装置、核电站海水冷却系统以及海洋工程装备等都广泛需要力学性能强的双面搪瓷的Q345表面复合构件材料，诸如用于沼气工程和污水处理工程的搪瓷拼装罐和拼装水箱、用于矿山的溜槽的搪瓷衬板、用于石油化工的搪瓷防腐蚀管道、用于大型烟囱的搪瓷拼装烟囱内壁以及用于核电站的耐海水搪瓷管道等等，均有广泛的市场需求。本发明既不采用价格昂贵的专用搪瓷钢(搪瓷专用钢也不能确保完全不发生鳞爆)，又无须使用复杂昂贵的搪瓷保温工艺(这种工艺目前并不成熟)，利用这种瓷釉和二搪二烧工艺，通过普通Q345材料的双面防鳞爆底釉搪烧，再喷涂搪烧功能性搪瓷面釉，制备出适应各种功能的廉价的双面搪瓷结构件。
发明内容
本发明提供一种Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉及功能面釉，具体为：
Q345钢材防鳞爆搪瓷底釉化学组成(重量百分比)：
Figure PCTCN2017092926-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2017092926-appb-000002
按上述化学组成换算成化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
Q345材质搪瓷底釉搪烧工艺：
将瓷釉与常用的磨加料、钼酸钡、硼砂、亚硝酸盐、氧化锑等按不同磨加配比球磨制浆。将球磨好的釉浆，根据不同材质，不同产品，调好容重和附着量，进行浸搪或喷粉，瓷层厚度控制在0.1-0.3毫米，烧成参考温度控制在850-950℃，烧成时间视瓷面色相、光泽和密着而定。
浸搪容重控制在168-175(克/100毫升)，喷粉控制在162-168(克/100毫升)
根据不同的表面功能要求，可以使用不同的专用功能面釉，广谱功能面釉大多可以与其底釉配合，有少部分面釉需特别制备：如下特别面釉分别是：
Q345钢材耐碱锆面釉(A)化学组成(重量百分比)：
Figure PCTCN2017092926-appb-000004
按上述化学组成换算成化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制备。将瓷釉与常用的磨加料、钼酸钡、硼砂、亚硝酸盐、氧化锑等按不同磨加配比球磨制浆。将球磨好的釉浆，根据不同材质，不同产品，调好容重和附着量，进行浸搪或喷粉，瓷层厚度控制在0.1-0.3毫米，烧成参考温度控制在820-880℃，烧成时间视瓷面色相、光泽和密着而定。
Q345钢材耐酸蓝面釉(AA)化学组成(重量百分比)：
Figure PCTCN2017092926-appb-000005
按上述化学组成换算成化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制备。按上述化学组成换算成化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转 炉中熔制，然后冷淬制备。将瓷釉与常用的磨加料、钼酸钡、硼砂、亚硝酸盐、氧化锑等按不同磨加配比球磨制浆。将球磨好的釉浆，根据不同材质，不同产品，调好容重和附着量，进行浸搪或喷粉，瓷层厚度控制在0.1-0.3毫米，烧成参考温度控制在850-900℃，烧成时间视瓷面色相、光泽和密着而定。
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下有益效果：
本发明提供的Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉及功能面釉，更新了瓷釉设计理念，以疏堵结合的办法，可适用于含C、P、S等被认为的是有害的元素和含有多种普通合金元素的Q345及以下各品级钢材。该防鳞爆瓷釉和功能面釉制造的工业搪瓷制品，无论在可双面搪瓷的钢铁材料广度，在改进搪瓷制品的力学强度，还是在降低双面搪瓷工业制品的成本上，都上了一个新的台阶。
本发明既不采用价格昂贵的专用搪瓷钢(搪瓷专用钢也不能确保完全不发生鳞爆)，又无须使用复杂昂贵的搪瓷保温工艺(这种工艺目前并不成熟)，利用这种瓷釉和二搪二烧工艺，实现通过普通Q345材料的双面防鳞爆底釉搪烧，再喷涂搪烧功能性搪瓷面釉，制备出适应各种功能的廉价的双面搪瓷结构件。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述，但是本领域技术人员将会理解，下列实施例仅用于说明本发明，而不应视为限制本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件者，按照常规条件或制造 商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
实施例1
一种普通Q345热轧钢材构件双面搪瓷防鳞爆底釉的制备方法：
搪瓷底釉的组分及各组分的重量百分含量是：Al2O3 3％，SiO262％，B2O3 14％，Na2O+K2O+Li2O 11.7％，CaF2 3％，ZrO2 3％，CoO+NiO 2％，BaMoO4+Sb2O3 1％，WO3 0.3％。
按上述化学组成换算的化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
上述的普通Q345热轧钢材构件双面搪瓷防鳞爆底釉的使用方法：
将制成的搪瓷底釉与常用的磨加料、钼酸钡、硼砂、亚硝酸盐、氧化锑等按不同磨加配比球磨制浆。将球磨好的釉浆，根据不同材质，不同产品，调好容重和附着量，进行浸搪，瓷层厚度控制在0.2毫米，烧成温度控制在850-950℃，烧成时间视瓷面色相、光泽和密着而定。典型浸搪容重控制在168(克/100毫升)。
实施例2
一种普通Q345热轧钢材构件双面搪瓷防鳞爆底釉的制备方法：
搪瓷底釉的组分及各组分的重量百分含量是：Al2O3 6％，SiO260％，B2O3 10％，Na2O+K2O+Li2O 10％，CaF2 3.5％，ZrO2 3.5％，CoO+NiO 2.5％，BaMoO4+Sb2O3 3％，WO3 1.5％。
按上述化学组成换算的化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
上述的普通Q345热轧钢材构件双面搪瓷防鳞爆底釉的使用方法：
将制成的搪瓷底釉与常用的磨加料、钼酸钡、硼砂、亚硝酸盐、氧化锑等按不同磨加配比球磨制浆。将球磨好的釉浆，根据不同材质，不同产品，调好容重和附着量，进行喷粉，瓷层厚度控制在0.3毫米，烧成温度控制在850-950℃，烧成时间视瓷面色相、光泽和密着而定。典型湿法喷粉控制在162(克/100毫升)。
实施例3
一种普通Q345热轧钢材构件双面搪瓷防鳞爆底釉的制备方法：
搪瓷底釉的组分及各组分的重量百分含量是：Al2O3 3％，SiO260％，B2O3 11％，Na2O+K2O+Li2O 15％，CaF2 3％，ZrO2 3％，CoO+NiO2.5％，BaMoO4+Sb2O3 2％，WO3 0.5％。
按上述化学组成换算的化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
上述的普通Q345热轧钢材构件双面搪瓷防鳞爆底釉的使用方法：
将制成的搪瓷底釉与常用的磨加料、钼酸钡、硼砂、亚硝酸盐、氧化锑等按不同磨加配比球磨制浆。将球磨好的釉浆，根据不同材质，不同产品，调好容重和附着量，进行浸搪，瓷层厚度控制在0.1毫米， 烧成温度控制在850-950℃，烧成时间视瓷面色相、光泽和密着而定。典型浸搪容重控制在175(克/100毫升)。
实施例4
Q345钢材耐碱锆面釉(A)制备方法：
耐碱锆面釉的组分及各组分的重量百分含量是：Al2O3 3％，SiO265％，B2O3 8％，SrO 3％，Na2O+K2O+Li2O 10％，Na2SiF6 2％，ZrO26％，Cr2O3+MnO2 3％。
按上述化学组成换算的化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
上述耐碱锆面釉(A)的使用方法：
将瓷釉与常用的磨加料、钼酸钡、硼砂、亚硝酸盐、氧化锑等按不同磨加配比球磨制浆。将球磨好的釉浆，根据不同材质，不同产品，调好容重和附着量，进行浸搪，瓷层厚度控制在0.1毫米，烧成参考温度控制在820-880℃，烧成时间视瓷面色相、光泽和密着而定。
实施例5
Q345钢材耐碱锆面釉(A)制备方法：
耐碱锆面釉的组分及各组分的重量百分含量是：Al2O3 2％，SiO257％，B2O3 6％，SrO 4％，Na2O+K2O+Li2O 14％，Na2SiF6 5％，ZrO210％，Cr2O3+MnO2 2％。
按上述化学组成换算的化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
上述耐碱锆面釉(A)的使用方法：
将瓷釉与常用的磨加料、钼酸钡、硼砂、亚硝酸盐、氧化锑等按不同磨加配比球磨制浆。将球磨好的釉浆，根据不同材质，不同产品，调好容重和附着量，进行喷粉，瓷层厚度控制在0.3毫米，烧成参考温度控制在820-880℃，烧成时间视瓷面色相、光泽和密着而定。
实施例6
Q345钢材耐碱锆面釉(A)制备方法：
耐碱锆面釉的组分及各组分的重量百分含量是：Al2O3 1％，SiO255％，B2O3 5％，SrO 3％，Na2O+K2O+Li2O 15％，Na2SiF6 6％，ZrO210％，Cr2O3+MnO2 5％。
按上述化学组成换算的化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
上述耐碱锆面釉(A)的使用方法：
将瓷釉与常用的磨加料、钼酸钡、硼砂、亚硝酸盐、氧化锑等按不同磨加配比球磨制浆。将球磨好的釉浆，根据不同材质，不同产品，调好容重和附着量，进行喷粉，瓷层厚度控制在0.2毫米，烧成参考温度控制在820-880℃，烧成时间视瓷面色相、光泽和密着而定。
实施例7
Q345钢材耐酸蓝面釉(AA)制备方法:
耐酸蓝面釉的组分及各组分的重量百分含量是：Al2O3 3％，SiO270％，B2O3 5％，SrO 3％，Na2O+K2O+Li2O 10％，Na2SiF6 2％，ZrO2 3％，TiO2 3％，CoO 1％。
按上述化学组成换算成化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
普通Q345热轧钢材构件双面搪瓷耐酸蓝面釉(AA)的使用方法：
将瓷釉与常用的磨加料、钼酸钡、硼砂、亚硝酸盐、氧化锑等按不同磨加配比球磨制浆。将球磨好的釉浆，根据不同材质，不同产品，调好容重和附着量，进行喷粉，瓷层厚度控制在0.3毫米，烧成温度控制在850-950℃，烧成时间视瓷面色相、光泽和密着而定。典型湿法喷粉控制在168(克/100毫升)。
实施例8
Q345钢材耐酸蓝面釉(AA)制备方法:
耐酸蓝面釉的组分及各组分的重量百分含量是：Al2O3 3％，SiO263％，B2O3 5％，SrO 3％，Na2O+K2O+Li2O 14％，Na2SiF6 2％，ZrO23％，TiO2 6％，CoO 1％。
按上述化学组成换算成化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
普通Q345热轧钢材构件双面搪瓷耐酸蓝面釉(AA)的使用方法：
将瓷釉与常用的磨加料、钼酸钡、硼砂、亚硝酸盐、氧化锑等按不同磨加配比球磨制浆。将球磨好的釉浆，根据不同材质，不同产品，调好容重和附着量，进行浸搪，瓷层厚度控制在0.1毫米，烧成温度控制在850-950℃，烧成时间视瓷面色相、光泽和密着而定。典型浸搪容重控制在168(克/100毫升)。
实施例9
Q345钢材耐酸蓝面釉(AA)制备方法:
耐酸蓝面釉的组分及各组分的重量百分含量是：Al2O3 1％，SiO262％，B2O3 6％，SrO 6％，Na2O+K2O+Li2O 11％，Na2SiF6 4％，ZrO24％，TiO2 4％，CoO 2％。
按上述化学组成换算成化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
普通Q345热轧钢材构件双面搪瓷耐酸蓝面釉(AA)的使用方法：
将瓷釉与常用的磨加料、钼酸钡、硼砂、亚硝酸盐、氧化锑等按不同磨加配比球磨制浆。将球磨好的釉浆，根据不同材质，不同产品，调好容重和附着量，进行浸搪，瓷层厚度控制在0.2毫米，烧成温度控制在850-950℃，烧成时间视瓷面色相、光泽和密着而定。典型浸搪容重控制在175(克/100毫升)。
本发明技术方案所制备的搪瓷底釉和功能面釉适用于Q345A、B、C、D、E等各级别的3-40mm等不同厚度的经酸洗、抛丸、喷砂等表面处理，或未经处理的热轧钢板、钢管、角钢、工字钢等结构型材。其用于单面或局部的搪瓷，均可实现优异的防鳞爆效果。
以上所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他 实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
工业实用性：
本发明的Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉及功能面釉，更新了瓷釉设计理念，以疏堵结合的办法，发明了更广谱的防鳞爆釉及功能面釉。经过反复测试使用和质量跟踪证明，其可适用于含C、P、S等被认为是有害元素和含有多种普通合金元素的Q345及以下各品级钢材。该防鳞爆瓷釉和功能面釉制造的工业搪瓷制品，无论在可双面搪瓷的钢铁材料广度，在改进搪瓷制品的力学强度，还是在降低双面搪瓷工业制品的成本上，都上了一个新的台阶。
本发明既不采用价格昂贵的专用搪瓷钢(搪瓷专用钢也不能确保完全不发生鳞爆)，又无须使用复杂昂贵的搪瓷保温工艺(这种工艺目前并不成熟)，利用这种瓷釉和二搪二烧工艺，实现通过普通Q345材料的双面防鳞爆底釉搪烧，再喷涂搪烧功能性搪瓷面釉，制备出适应各种功能的廉价的双面搪瓷结构件。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉的制备方法，其特征在于：
    搪瓷底釉的组分及各组分的重量百分含量是：
    Figure PCTCN2017092926-appb-100001
    按上述化学组成换算的化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
  2. 一种Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉，其特征在于：
    搪瓷底釉的组分及各组分的重量百分含量是：
    Figure PCTCN2017092926-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2017092926-appb-100003
    按上述化学组成换算的化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
  3. 一种如权利要求2所述的Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉的使用方法，其特征在于：
    将所述Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉与磨加料、钼酸钡、硼砂、亚硝酸盐、氧化锑球磨制浆，将球磨好的釉浆根据材质类型、产品类型调好容重和附着量，进行浸搪或喷粉，烧成温度控制在850-950℃，根据瓷面色相、光泽和密着而定烧成时间。
  4. 一种如权利要求3所述的Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉的使用方法，其特征在于：瓷层厚度控制在0.1-0.3毫米。
  5. 一种如权利要求3所述的Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉的使用方法，其特征在于：所述浸搪的容重控制在168-175克/100毫升。
  6. 一种如权利要求3所述的Q345热轧合金钢双面搪瓷防鳞爆瓷釉的使用方法，其特征在于：湿法喷粉控制在162-168克/100毫升。
  7. 一种根据产品表面功能要求制备Q345钢材耐碱锆面釉的方法，其特征在于：
    Q345钢材耐碱锆面釉重量百分比：
    Figure PCTCN2017092926-appb-100004
    Figure PCTCN2017092926-appb-100005
    按上述化学组成换算的化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
  8. 一种根据产品表面功能要求制备的Q345钢材耐碱锆面釉，其特征在于：
    Q345钢材耐碱锆面釉重量百分比：
    Figure PCTCN2017092926-appb-100006
    按上述化学组成换算的化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的根据产品表面功能要求制备的Q345钢材耐碱锆面釉的使用方法，其特征在于：
    将面釉与磨加料、钼酸钡、硼砂、亚硝酸盐、氧化锑球磨制浆，将球磨好的釉浆，根据材质类型、产品类型调好容重和附着量，进行浸搪或喷粉，烧成参考温度控制在820-880℃，视瓷面色相、 光泽和密着而定烧成时间。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的根据产品表面功能要求制备的Q345钢材耐碱锆面釉的使用方法，其特征在于：瓷层厚度控制在0.1-0.3毫米。
  11. 一种根据产品表面功能要求制备Q345钢材耐酸蓝面釉的方法，其特征在于：
    Q345钢材耐酸蓝面釉重量百分比：
    Figure PCTCN2017092926-appb-100007
    按上述化学组成换算成化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
  12. 一种根据产品表面功能要求制备的Q345钢材耐酸蓝面釉，其特征在于：
    Q345钢材耐酸蓝面釉重量百分比：
    Figure PCTCN2017092926-appb-100008
    Figure PCTCN2017092926-appb-100009
    按上述化学组成换算成化工原料重量配比配方，充分搅拌混匀，1200-1350℃下在回转炉中熔制，然后冷淬制成。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的根据产品表面功能要求制备的Q345钢材耐酸蓝面釉的使用方法，其特征在于：
    将面釉与磨加料、钼酸钡、硼砂、亚硝酸盐、氧化锑球磨制浆，将球磨好的釉浆，根据材质类型、产品类型调好容重和附着量，进行浸搪或喷粉，烧成温度控制在850-950℃，视瓷面色相、光泽和密着而定烧成时间。
  14. 一种如权利要求13所述的根据产品表面功能要求制备的Q345钢材耐酸蓝面釉的使用方法，其特征在于：瓷层厚度控制在0.1-0.3毫米。
  15. 一种如权利要求13所述的根据产品表面功能要求制备的Q345钢材耐酸蓝面釉的使用方法，其特征在于：所述浸搪的容重控制在168-175克/100毫升。
  16. 一种如权利要求13所述的根据产品表面功能要求制备的Q345钢材耐酸蓝面釉的使用方法，其特征在于：湿法喷粉控制在162-168克/100毫升。
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