Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
  • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
  • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
  • F22B37/14—Supply mains, e.g. rising mains, down-comers, in connection with water tubes
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
  • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
  • F22B37/34—Adaptations of boilers for promoting water circulation
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B9/00—Steam boilers of fire-tube type, i.e. the flue gas from a combustion chamber outside the boiler body flowing through tubes built-in in the boiler body
  • F22B9/10—Steam boilers of fire-tube type, i.e. the flue gas from a combustion chamber outside the boiler body flowing through tubes built-in in the boiler body the boiler body being disposed substantially horizontally, e.g. at the side of the combustion chamber

Definitions

• the invention relates to a steam generating system comprising
• a steam generator having a water jacket and at least one heating tube extending therein for the passage of a heat transfer medium
• At least one downpipe for connecting the steam drum hydraulically to the water jacket of the steam generator to enable the water to be returned from the steam drum to the water jacket of the steam generator.
• the invention furthermore relates to use of this steam generating system.
• Steam generating systems of the type described at the outset are known from the prior art, e.g. from International Application WO 2011/104328 A2.
• the steam generator is designed as a horizontally arranged, cylindrical shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
• a shell-and-tube heat exchanger of this kind and the use thereof to cool hot synthesis gas is described by European Patent EP 2312252 B1 , for example.
• a pre-heater which is often likewise designed as a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, can be arranged downstream of the steam generator, as regards the heat transfer medium, and a superheater can be arranged upstream.
• a "steam drum”, often likewise a horizontally arranged pressure vessel, is installed above the steam generator.
• the steam drum and the steam generator are con- nected to one another by riser pipes and downpipes. This enables the water/steam mixture to be circulated, thereby enabling the steam to be discharged efficiently from the steam generator and making possible more effective heat transfer at the surface of the heating tubes of the steam generator.
• the steam drum can be positioned at a sufficient distance above the steam generator, this circulation can operate as natural circulation. If there is not sufficient space available for this, pumps must assist circulation. The term "forced circulation" is then used.
• the laterally attached supports for the downpipes furthermore induce forces on the jacket of the steam generator, namely static forces due to the deadweight of the down- pipes and due to thermal expansion forces, as well as dynamic forces due to wind and earthquake loads.
• forces on the jacket of the steam generator namely static forces due to the deadweight of the down- pipes and due to thermal expansion forces, as well as dynamic forces due to wind and earthquake loads.
• a steam generator having a water jacket and at least one heating tube extending therein for the passage of a heat transfer medium
• the steam generating system according to the invention makes it possible to position the steam generator close to the ground since the down pi pes no longer form the lowest point of the system. This simplifies the design of the upstream and downstream system components.
• the elimination of the downpipe inlet supports situated between the 4 and the 8 o'clock position means that forces are no longer introduced laterally into the jacket of the steam generator.
• the jacket can therefore be produced with a smaller wall thickness.
• the low points of the downpipes laid according to the previous prior art each had to be provided with a drain fitting. These fittings are eliminated in the system according to the invention.
• a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the steam generator and the steam drum are arranged in such a way relative to one another, and the riser pipe and downpipe are designed in such a way that the water to be evaporated can be moved between the water jacket of the steam generator and the steam drum by natural circulation. This eliminates the installation of pumps and the associated outlay on main- tenance and repair as well as investment costs.
• An alternative embodiment of the invention is characterized in that at least one pump is installed to assist water circulation between the water jacket of the steam generator and the steam drum. Even if there is no space for an adequate distance between the steam drum and the steam generator, sufficient water circulation can be achieved in the steam generator in this case.
• Another preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the steam generator and the steam drum are designed as horizontally arranged, cylindrical pressure vessels.
• the cylindrical shape with correspondingly arched ends has long proven its worth in the construction of apparatus and can be produced at low cost.
• the horizontal arrangement allows a lower overall height and hence good accessibility of the system.
• Another preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the riser pipes and the downpipes enter the water jacket of the steam generator in the 0 o'clock position and enter the steam drum jacket in the 6 o'clock position.
• the pipes can also be used as structural elements for supporting the steam drum.
• Another preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the steam gen- erator is designed as a shell-and-tube evaporator. This type of construction has long proven its worth in the construction of apparatus and can be produced at low cost.
• Another preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the downpipe is passed around the heating tube or heating tubes within the water jacket of the steam generator, as far as the steam generator volume region situated thereunder.
• Another preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the downpipe is passed through the heating tube bundle within the boiler.
• the downpipe or downpipes can run in a straight line, thereby keeping the flow resistance in the pipe low.
• the invention furthermore also relates to the use of a steam generating system according to the invention, consisting in that the steam generating system is arranged down- stream of a steam reforming reactor and the synthesis gas emerging from the steam reforming reactor is used as a heat transfer medium in the steam generator of the steam generating system.
• the steam reforming of hydrocarbons to give synthesis gas takes place with a high expenditure of energy and at high temperatures.
• the synthesis gas produced in this process leaves the reactor at a temperature of over 800°C.
• the synthesis gas is used as a heat transfer medium to operate a steam generating system according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows a second cross section through a steam generating system according to the invention.
• Fig. 1 illustrates the steam generating system 1 , comprising the steam generator 2 and the steam drum 3 as principal components.
• the steam generator 2 is designed as a shell-and-tube evaporator and is set up horizontally.
• the hot synthesis gas 4 coming from a steam reforming reactor (not depicted) is introduced into the inlet chamber 5 of the steam generator 2, is distributed there between the tubes 6 of the tube bundle 13, flows onward into the outlet chamber 7 and leaves the steam generator 2 for further treatment or use (not shown).
• the steam drum 3 is arranged above the steam generator 2.
• the boiler feedwater 8 to be evaporated is fed into said steam drum.
• the water to be evaporated is circulated via the riser pipes 9 and the downpipes 10 in a natural circulation.
• the steam/water mixture entering the steam drum 3 via the riser pipes 9 is separated there, the steam 1 1 is dis- charged for further use and the water is fed back into the steam generator via the down- pipes 10.
• the downpipes enter the jacket 12 of the steam generator 2 in the 0 o'clock position and then run past the heating tubes of the tube bundle 6 within the jacket 12 as far as the lower volume region of the jacket 12.
• the downpipes end as low as possible in the jacket to avoid steam bubbles getting into the downpipe and to achieve as large as possible a static head, i.e. as large as possible a vertical distance between the lower and the upper end of the downpipe, thereby assisting natural circulation.
• Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a steam generating system with the downpipes 10' routed in accordance with the prior art.
• the riser pipes have not been depicted, but, as in the example shown in Fig. 1 , they are once again arranged in the 0 o'clock position of the jacket 12.
• the downpipes 10' are connected to the steam drum 3 in the 4 and in the 8 o'clock position, run externally around the steam generator 2 and likewise open in the steam generator jacket 12 in the 4 and the 8 o'clock position.
• Fig. 3a shows a cross section through a steam generating system 1 with the downpipe 10 routed in accordance with the invention.
• the downpipe 10 is connected to the steam drum 3 in the 6 o'clock position and passes through the jacket 12 of the steam generator 2 in the 0 o'clock position. Within the jacket 12, the downpipe 10 runs around the tube bundle 13 as far as the volume region of the water jacket 12 situated thereunder.
• Fig. 3b likewise shows a cross section through a steam generating system with the downpipe 10 routed in accordance with the invention.
• the downpipe 10 is likewise connected to the steam drum 3 in the 6 o'clock position and passes through the jacket 12 of the steam generator 2 in the 0 o'clock position. Within the jacket 12, the downpipe 10 passes through the tube bundle 13 to the volume region of the water jacket 12 situated thereunder.
• the invention offers the possibility of embodying a steam generating system in a less expensive and more space-saving way, wherein the setup of the system can also be carried out more flexibly in relation to the upstream and downstream apparatus.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• External Artificial Organs (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
• Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
• Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (9)

• 2016
  • 2016-07-08 PL PL16400027T patent/PL3267100T3/pl unknown
  • 2016-07-08 EP EP16400027.5A patent/EP3267100B1/de active Active
  • 2016-10-24 DE DE102016120170.7A patent/DE102016120170A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2017
  • 2017-07-03 US US16/316,240 patent/US20190226675A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2017-07-03 EA EA201990072A patent/EA039024B1/ru unknown
  • 2017-07-03 WO PCT/EP2017/025193 patent/WO2018007024A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2017-07-03 KR KR1020197002423A patent/KR20190024974A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2017-07-03 SG SG11201811692PA patent/SG11201811692PA/en unknown
  • 2017-07-10 CN CN201710555812.6A patent/CN107588414A/zh active Pending
  • 2017-07-10 CN CN201720830432.4U patent/CN208139236U/zh active Active

Patent Citations (4)

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