WO2018001581A1 - Dispositif et procédé de production d'une émission de lumière de sortie - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de production d'une émission de lumière de sortie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018001581A1
WO2018001581A1 PCT/EP2017/057384 EP2017057384W WO2018001581A1 WO 2018001581 A1 WO2018001581 A1 WO 2018001581A1 EP 2017057384 W EP2017057384 W EP 2017057384W WO 2018001581 A1 WO2018001581 A1 WO 2018001581A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
liquid crystal
crystal element
emission
beam splitter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/057384
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heiko SCHRÖDER
Original Assignee
Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2018001581A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018001581A1/fr

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V14/00Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
    • F21V14/003Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by interposition of elements with electrically controlled variable light transmissivity, e.g. liquid crystal elements or electrochromic devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/285Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S41/24 - F21S41/2805
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/63Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates
    • F21S41/64Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates by changing their light transmissivity, e.g. by liquid crystal or electrochromic devices
    • F21S41/645Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates by changing their light transmissivity, e.g. by liquid crystal or electrochromic devices by electro-optic means, e.g. liquid crystal or electrochromic devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for generating an output light emission.
  • the invention further relates to a headlight.
  • LCDs liquid crystal displays
  • related technologies allowing flexible and easy generation and adjustment of light distributions for a wide variety of applications. There are therefore efforts, their scope also on headlights, in particular of
  • an LCD screen is provided which, in the de-energized state, blocks at least one section against the passage of light.
  • variable diaphragm device in which a liquid crystal element is arranged between two polarization filters. By controlling the liquid crystal element, the light transmission can be controlled.
  • the headlamp arrangement described in DE 10 2014 105 963 A1 comprises a liquid crystal layer in which the light transmittance of the liquid crystals is adjustable in order to regulate the luminous range.
  • DE 10 2014 1 10 599 A1 provides that for generating a
  • Glare range in a high beam distribution individual pixels of a liquid crystal panel can be controlled.
  • Luminous efficacy is achieved.
  • the inventive device of the aforementioned type comprises a light source for emitting light and at least one polarizing beam splitter element, on which at least a part of the emitted light impinges.
  • a first reflected light beam of a first polarization state and a second transmitted light beam of a second polarization state can be generated.
  • the device further comprises a liquid crystal element which has at least two states that can be controlled by means of a control element as a function of an electrical voltage applied to the liquid crystal element. The first and the second light beam pass at least in part through the
  • the polarization states of the first and second light bundles are variable in dependence on the state of the liquid crystal element.
  • the first and second light bundles at least partially strike the at least one
  • the light emitted by the light source is advantageously first split into two linearly polarized components, without absorbing the light of a specific polarization.
  • a high efficiency of the system is advantageously achieved.
  • the polarizing beam splitter elements used may be formed in a manner known per se, in particular by means of films or optical structures which have a reflection and
  • the two split components are each redirected to a separate light path and their polarization can be rotated as it passes through the liquid crystal element.
  • a Beam splitter element By subsequently combining the components by means of a Beam splitter element, the different polarizations are superimposed again and an output light emission can be coupled out, the intensity of which can be controlled by means of the state of the liquid crystal element and the associated rotation of the polarization.
  • the beam splitter element is thus used in reverse, that is, for combining two beams.
  • the light emitted by the light source is not limited in terms of its polarization, but it is in particular circularly polarized. Such polarization is obtained in typical incandescent and light-emitting diodes (LED) as well as in conventional laser illumination, the light of which is first directed onto a phosphorescent plate to produce a polychromatic light emission.
  • the device can also be operated with a linearly polarized light source.
  • the light emitted by a light source can also be used by a plurality of devices according to the invention, for example in order to generate a specific light distribution by means of a plurality of devices according to the invention by means of the light emitted by a light source.
  • the change of polarization states by the liquid crystal element is known per se.
  • a rotation of the polarization of the transmitted light is achieved.
  • Polarization state of the transmitted light is achieved.
  • an overlay of the light is made so that there is no longer a spatial separation between the light bundles.
  • the light of the output light emission thus does not occur according to the different ones
  • the output light emission has a first and a second emission direction, wherein the intensities of the output light emission in the first and the second emission direction are determined on the basis of the state of
  • the devices are controllable. As a result, it can be advantageously controlled by the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element, how much light is directed in one or the other emission direction of the output light emission.
  • the two emission directions of the output light distribution can be used to decouple light for different light functions.
  • the device can be used to detect the light of a headlight in one
  • the light of the output light emission is emitted completely in one of the emission directions at a certain state of the liquid crystal element.
  • two states can be provided for two emission directions, for example in order to be able to switch back and forth between the two emission directions.
  • intermediate states can be provided, in which light in both
  • Emission directions of the output light emission is emitted, so that the ratio of the emitted intensities can be controlled to each other.
  • the sum of the light intensities of the first and second emission directions is substantially constant. In particular, this sum depends on the
  • Output light emission is generated, wherein the ratio of the emission directions can change each other.
  • Output light emission circularly polarized in the first and second emission directions.
  • the output light emission may also be elliptically polarized. This is achieved by superimposing light of different polarization directions. This advantageously avoids problems in the use of linearly polarized light.
  • linearly polarized light may be wholly or partially absorbed by polarizing glasses, resulting in limited visibility that may be undesirable.
  • the light source comprises a light-emitting diode or a light bulb.
  • the device can thereby advantageously with existing techniques for the production be used a light emission.
  • a fluorescent tube or a laser light source can also be used.
  • the circularly polarized light emitted by light emitting diodes and incandescent lamps is used in popular headlamps and lighting devices.
  • the device according to the invention can now be used to control an output emission based on the light emitted by such a light source and to make it dynamic, wherein the various states of the liquid crystal element that can be controlled on the basis of the applied voltage are used.
  • the liquid crystal element comprises a plurality of segments, wherein by means of the control one at the individual segments of the
  • the liquid crystal element can be advantageously formed so that the polarization state of light passing through the liquid crystal element in different spatial regions is changed in various ways.
  • the liquid-crystal element may comprise segments, which may be arranged in particular in a matrix in the manner of picture elements (pixels). Such segments can be considered as single liquid crystal elements.
  • a voltage can be applied to the individual segments, so that the change in the polarization state of light beams passing through can be controlled separately for the individual segments.
  • the device may each have a first and a second one for each of the segments
  • the light emitted by the light source may include a plurality of original light beams emitted at different angles.
  • these original light beams are respectively divided into first and second light beams of different polarization. That to the original ones
  • Lichtbündeln associated light occurs in each different areas, in particular at different segments, through the liquid crystal element.
  • the voltage applied to the segments controls the polarization states of the transmitted light and thus the total output light emission.
  • the output light emission can thus be controlled by the distribution of the voltage applied to the segments of the liquid crystal element.
  • a projection can take place, wherein the distribution of the output light emission can be controlled by means of the distribution of the voltage applied to the segments of the liquid crystal element. For example, so can the
  • the first and the second light beam pass through the same liquid crystal element. This advantageously allows a particularly simple and inexpensive construction. Further, the polarization states of the first second light beam are changed in the same manner, for example, a certain rotation of the polarization is achieved by the same angle.
  • liquid crystal element it can be provided that only one of the light beams passes through the liquid crystal element, so that only the polarization of one of the light beams can be changed.
  • two liquid crystal elements may be provided so that the two light beams pass through one of them, respectively. This allows a separate change in the polarizations to varying degrees.
  • the device further comprises at least one reflection element which is suitable for the reflection of light.
  • the paths described by the light in the area of the device can thus advantageously be easily guided.
  • mirrors are used which are flat or have a curved surface.
  • the reflection on a mirror does not affect the polarization of the reflected light.
  • a light guide can be used, wherein in particular total reflection at an interface of two optical media is utilized for guiding and guiding the light. In this case, different reflection characteristics depending on the polarization state of the reflected light may be considered.
  • the device comprises a first and a second
  • the first and the second light beam pass through the liquid crystal element just once.
  • the liquid crystal element may be formed so that in a first state no rotation of the polarization of the transmitted light is effected and in a second state, a rotation of the polarization is effected by 90 °.
  • the first state can be driven without applying a voltage and the second state when a certain voltage is applied to the liquid crystal element. If the two light beams pass through the liquid crystal element exactly once, their polarization can be maintained or changed according to its state.
  • intermediate states can be achieved for generating further polarization states.
  • the device comprises exactly one polarizing beam splitter element.
  • the device can be made particularly inexpensive and the structure can be particularly simple because of the reduced number of components.
  • the first and the second light beam pass through the liquid crystal element exactly twice.
  • the device can thus advantageously be designed to be particularly compact.
  • the liquid crystal element may be formed so that in a first state, no rotation of the polarization of the transmitted light is effected and in a second state, a rotation of the polarization is effected by 45 °.
  • the first state can be driven without applying a voltage and the second state when a certain voltage is applied to the liquid crystal element. If the two light beams each pass through the liquid crystal element exactly twice, their polarization can be maintained depending on its state or changed at each of the passages. In particular, with a two-fold rotation of the polarization direction by 45 °, a total rotation by 90 ° can be achieved.
  • the rotation of the polarization in the single passage through the liquid crystal element is applied twice and can be achieved in particular by means of a lower applied voltage.
  • the device further comprises a coupling-out element and the output light emission is coupled out in at least the first or the second emission direction.
  • the intensity of the light coupled out in an emission direction can be controlled by controlling the state of the liquid crystal element.
  • light of the two emission directions is coupled out, so that the most efficient possible use is possible.
  • different light functions can be realized by means of the two emission directions.
  • Emission direction of the output light emission exit directly from the device and be used for example in the sense of a headlight light.
  • the headlight according to the invention comprises at least one device of the above
  • the headlamp may comprise a plurality of devices of the type described above.
  • a matrix can be formed independently controllable devices, wherein by means of a spatial distribution of the individual output light emissions, a light distribution is formed.
  • it is advantageously possible to generate a particularly simple and flexible controllable light distribution.
  • the headlight may also comprise a single device of the type described, wherein the liquid crystal element comprises segments, which are arranged in particular as a matrix.
  • the spatial distribution of the output light emission can also be controlled, for example in order to avoid dazzling of other road users, to illuminate certain areas particularly well or to project a representation, such as a lettering.
  • Output light emissions with at least two emission directions can be generated and the
  • Headlamp further comprises a decoupling device, by which light of one of the emission directions can be coupled out. This can advantageously in a
  • Emission direction emitted light can be used for a separate light function.
  • light of the two emission directions can be coupled out separately and used for different light functions.
  • Emission direction are used for a high beam and / or low beam distribution, while the light of the other emission direction is used for near field illumination.
  • light is emitted by a light source. At least a portion of the emitted light is incident on at least one polarizing beam splitter element, wherein a first reflected beam of a first polarization state and a second transmitted beam of a second
  • Polarization state can be generated.
  • the first and second light beams at least partially pass through a liquid crystal element.
  • the liquid crystal element has at least two states, wherein the polarization states of the first and second light beams are variable in dependence on the state of the liquid crystal element.
  • an electrical voltage applied to the liquid crystal element is controlled so that a certain state of the liquid crystal element is generated.
  • the first and second light bundles at least partly strike the at least one beam splitter element or a further beam splitter element in such a way that they are combined.
  • the device according to the invention is in particular designed to implement the method according to the invention.
  • the method thus has the same advantages as the device according to the invention.
  • FIGS 1A and 1B show the structure and operation of an LCD unit
  • Figures 2A and 2B show the structure and operation of a first
  • Figures 3A to 3D show the structure and operation of a second
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the headlamp according to the invention.
  • the schematically illustrated LCD unit comprises a light source 1 which emits light with a circular (SP) polarization.
  • SP circular
  • the light source 1 may further generate light for a plurality of LCD units, but FIGS. 1A and 1B show only one of them for the sake of simplicity.
  • the light strikes a first polarizing filter 2 which absorbs a P-polarized component of the originally circularly SP-polarized light and from which an S-polarized one
  • the linearly S-polarized light now strikes a liquid crystal element 3, to which, in the case shown in FIG. 1A, a voltage is applied such that the polarization of the transmitted light is rotated. In particular, a rotation of 90 ° is effected, so that the light after the passage is P-polarized.
  • This P-polarized light meets a second one
  • a polarizing filter that absorbs an S-polarized component of the incident light and transmits a P-polarized component. Since the incident light is P-polarized in the case shown in Figure 1A, it is completely transmitted and may leak or be coupled out in a manner known per se.
  • a polarizing filter that absorbs an S-polarized component of the incident light and transmits a P-polarized component. Since the incident light is S-polarized in the case shown in Fig. 1A, it is completely absorbed.
  • two polarizing filters 2, 4 of the same type can be used, so that light can escape from the LCD unit when no voltage at the
  • Liquid crystal element 3 is applied while it is completely absorbed when a certain voltage is applied.
  • the intensity of the light emerging from the LCD unit can be regulated by suitable regulation of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element 3.
  • Polarization filters here essentially no light is absorbed, but the circular SP polarized light is split and two light beams are generated, which are S- or P-polarized.
  • the S- or P-polarized light beams impinge on mirrors 15 which are in the
  • Be bent embodiments alternatively or additionally may be provided in the device 10 and light guides or similar devices for directing the optical path.
  • the light beams are reflected so as to strike a liquid crystal element 13, 13 '. In the reflection in particular the polarization of the reflected light beam is maintained.
  • a voltage applied to the liquid crystal element 13 is adapted to bring the liquid crystal element 13 into a state such that the polarization state of the transmitted light is changed.
  • Polarization state of the transmitted light is not changed. That is, the polarization of the light is not rotated and the polarizations of the two light beams are maintained.
  • the two light beams are reflected by the mirrors 15 and strike the further polarizing beam splitter element 14, which reflects S-polarized light and transmits P-polarized light.
  • the light beams impinge on this polarizing beam splitter element 14 so that they are combined and can emerge as circularly SP-polarized light from the device 10 or be coupled out.
  • all of the exiting light that is to say the light
  • Emission directions R1, R2 emitted light intensities are controllable by means of the applied voltage. In all these cases, however, the sum of the light intensities emitted in the emission directions R1 and R2 is constant.
  • the light source 1 emits circular (SP) polarized light.
  • SP circular
  • the S- or P-polarized light beams impinge on mirror 15 and are thereby reflected so that they strike a liquid crystal element 16.
  • a voltage applied to the liquid crystal element 16 is adapted to bring the liquid crystal element 16 into a state such that the polarization state of the transmitted light is changed.
  • a rotation of the polarization is effected by 45 °, for example in the manner of a so-called ⁇ / 4 plate.
  • This rotation of the polarization is indicated in FIGS. 3A and 3B as "S (1/2)" (in the case of incident P-polarized light) or "P (1/2)” (in the case of incident S-polarized light).
  • FIG. 3B shows how the two light bundles whose polarization has been changed in the manner described are again reflected by the mirrors 15 and hit the polarizing beam splitter element 16 again, with their polarization state being changed again.
  • a rotation of the polarization is again effected by 45 ° and the original P-polarized light beam is now S-polarized and originally S-polarized
  • Light bundle is P-polarized.
  • the light beams now in turn strike mirrors 15 and then onto the polarizing beam splitter element 12 in such a way that they are combined and emerge as circularly SP-polarized light from the device 10 or can be coupled out.
  • all the emergent light is in the case shown in Fig. 3B.
  • the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element 16, 16 ' may be controlled to produce hybrid forms of the cases shown in Figs. 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D.
  • circularly SP-polarized light may be in both directions of emission R3 and R4 are emitted.
  • the light intensities emitted in the different emission directions R3, R4 can be controlled by means of the applied voltage, the sum of the light intensities emitted in the emission directions R3 and R4 remaining constant.
  • elements for decoupling the light can be provided in order to decouple and in particular to deflect the light emitted in one of the emission directions R1, R2, R3, R4. It can also be avoided that one of the
  • Emission directions R1, R2, R3, R4 points back to the light source 1.
  • the liquid-crystal element 13, 13 ', 16, 16' of the devices illustrated in FIGS. 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D comprises a plurality of segments to which a specific electrical voltage is respectively applied by means of the control element 11a can.
  • the light source 1 emits not only a light beam in a certain direction, but a broader light distribution, which in particular has a plurality of directions. Therefore, the emitted light does not pass through the liquid crystal element 13, 13 ', 16, 16' only at one place, but at various locations particularly belonging to different segments.
  • these segments of the liquid crystal element 13, 13 ', 16, 16' are arranged in a grid as a pixel and the applied electrical voltage can be controlled individually. In this way, a particular projection can be output in one of the emission directions R1, R2, R3, R4, while the inverse of the projection in the other
  • Emission direction R1, R2, R3, R4 is output.
  • the headlight 1 the structure of which is shown here in longitudinal section, comprises the light source 1 and a multiplicity of devices 10 according to the invention. These are arranged in the example in the manner of a matrix, wherein the devices 10 each comprise surface elements in the manner of picture elements (picture elements). Pixels) are generated.
  • the size of the surface elements can be in particular at a pixel diagonal of 25 mm to 60 mm.
  • Devices 10 is further a control 1 1 a coupled by the one to the
  • Liquid crystal elements 13, 13 ', 16, 16' of the devices 10 applied voltage can be controlled so that light is emitted in a certain ratio in the emission directions R1, R2, R3, R4. It depends on the embodiment of the devices 10, as the emission directions R1, R2, R3, R4 run.
  • the liquid crystal element 13, 13 ', 16, 16' comprises a plurality of segments.
  • the output light emission can be controlled by a voltage applied to the segments, wherein for all segments of a device 10 only one set of optical elements, in particular light source 1, mirror 15 and beam splitter element 12, 14, is provided.
  • the headlight may comprise only a single such device 10 having a plurality of segments of the liquid crystal element 13, 13 ', 16, 16'.
  • 10 different light functions are operated by means of the emission directions R1, R2, R3, R4 of the devices.
  • a high beam distribution and a near field illumination are implemented, wherein in each case the light emitted in one of the emission directions R1, R2, R3, R4 is used for one of the light functions.
  • liquid crystal element (first state, ⁇ / 2)
  • liquid crystal element (first state, ⁇ / 2)

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif (10) de production d'une émission de lumière de sortie au moyen d'une source de lumière (1) destinée à émettre de la lumière. Le dispositif (10) comprend au moins un élément séparateur de faisceau polarisant (12, 14) auquel au moins une partie de la lumière émise est incidente. Un premier faisceau de lumière réfléchi d'un premier état de polarisation et un second faisceau de lumière transmis d'un second état de polarisation peuvent être générés. En outre, l'invention comprend un élément à cristaux liquides (13, 13', 16, 16') qui comporte au moins deux états qui peuvent être commandés au moyen d'un élément de commande (11a) en fonction d'une tension électrique appliquée à l'élément à cristaux liquides (13, 13', 16, 16') et que le premier et le second faisceau de lumière traverse au moins en partie. Les états de polarisation des premier et second faisceaux de lumière peuvent alors varier en fonction de l'état de l'élément à cristaux liquides (13, 13', 16, 16'). En outre, les premier et second faisceaux de lumière sont incidents au moins en partie à l'au moins un élément séparateur de faisceau (12, 14) ou à un autre élément séparateur de faisceau (12, 14) de façon à les réunir. L'invention concerne en outre un phare (11) équipé d'une pluralité de dispositifs (10) et un procédé de génération d'une émission de lumière de sortie.
PCT/EP2017/057384 2016-06-29 2017-03-29 Dispositif et procédé de production d'une émission de lumière de sortie WO2018001581A1 (fr)

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DE102016211691.6 2016-06-29
DE102016211691.6A DE102016211691B4 (de) 2016-06-29 2016-06-29 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Ausgangslichtemission

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WO2018202890A3 (fr) * 2017-05-05 2019-02-28 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif et procédé de production d'une émission de lumière de sortie et phare
EP3617584A4 (fr) * 2017-04-24 2020-12-30 Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. Ensemble lampe et système d'éclairage de véhicule

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EP3617584A4 (fr) * 2017-04-24 2020-12-30 Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. Ensemble lampe et système d'éclairage de véhicule
US10914444B2 (en) 2017-04-24 2021-02-09 Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. Lamp unit, vehicular lamp system
WO2018202890A3 (fr) * 2017-05-05 2019-02-28 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif et procédé de production d'une émission de lumière de sortie et phare
US11110852B2 (en) 2017-05-05 2021-09-07 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Device and method for producing an output light emission, and headlight

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